Search is not available for this dataset
article stringlengths 4.36k 149k | summary stringlengths 32 3.35k | section_headings listlengths 1 91 | keywords listlengths 0 141 | year stringclasses 13
values | title stringlengths 20 281 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sand fly saliva contains molecules that modify the host's hemostasis and immune responses . Nevertheless , the role played by this saliva in the induction of key elements of inflammatory responses , such as lipid bodies ( LB , also known as lipid droplets ) and eicosanoids , has been poorly investigated . LBs are cytop... | After the injection of saliva into the host's skin by sand flies , a transient erythematous reaction is observed , which is related to an influx of inflammatory cells and the release of various molecules that actively facilitate the blood meal . It is important to understand the specific mechanisms by which sand fly sa... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"immunology/leukocyte",
"signaling",
"and",
"gene",
"expression",
"immunology/immune",
"response",
"immunology/leukocyte",
"activation"
] | 2010 | Lutzomyia longipalpis Saliva Triggers Lipid Body Formation and Prostaglandin E2 Production in Murine Macrophages |
The maintenance and reformation of gene expression domains are the basis for the morphogenic processes of multicellular systems . In a leaf primordium of Arabidopsis thaliana , the expression of FILAMENTOUS FLOWER ( FIL ) and the activity of the microRNA miR165/166 are specific to the abaxial side . This miR165/166 act... | The efficient photosynthesis in plant leaves depends on the wide planar morphology of lamina with a lot of chloroplasts ( plastids ) . Development of the planar lamina requires the specific expression of several key genes in the foreside ( adaxial side ) and backside ( abaxial side ) of the tiny leaf primordium . Such ... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"developmental",
"biology",
"plant",
"science",
"model",
"organisms",
"plant",
"and",
"algal",
"models",
"plant",
"morphology",
"leafs",
"plant",
"growth",
"and",
"development",
"botany",
"biology",
"plants",
"pattern",
"formation",
"arabidopsis",
"thaliana"
] | 2013 | Pattern Dynamics in Adaxial-Abaxial Specific Gene Expression Are Modulated by a Plastid Retrograde Signal during Arabidopsis thaliana Leaf Development |
Mycobacterium leprae ( M . leprae ) is a human pathogen and the causative agent for leprosy , a chronic disease characterized by lesions of the skin and peripheral nerve damage . Zoonotic transmission of M . leprae to humans by nine-banded armadillos ( Dasypus novemcinctus ) has been shown to occur in the southern Unit... | Armadillos have been shown to be a natural reservoir of Mycobacterium leprae infection in the southern states of the U . S . and have been implicated in the zoonotic transmission of leprosy to humans . To investigate this in Brazil , we conducted surveys of armadillos in western Pará state in the Brazilian Amazon regio... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"group-specific",
"staining",
"mycobacterium",
"leprae",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"immune",
"physiology",
"hematoxylin",
"staining",
"spleen",
"tropical",
"diseases",
"geographical",
"locations",
"vertebrates",
"diet",
"animals",
"mammals",
"animal",
"prod... | 2018 | Evidence of zoonotic leprosy in Pará, Brazilian Amazon, and risks associated with human contact or consumption of armadillos |
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease ( NAFLD ) is characterized by abnormal accumulation of triglycerides ( TG ) in the liver and other metabolic syndrome symptoms , but its molecular genetic causes are not completely understood . Here , we show that mice deficient for ubiquitin ligase ( E3 ) Smad ubiquitin regulatory fact... | Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease ( NAFLD ) is a disease associated with abnormal fat accumulation in the liver and other metabolic symptoms . Among its many social–behavioral and genetic causes , dysregulation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ ( PPARγ ) is an investigative focal point for therapeutic inte... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"methods"
] | [
"steatosis",
"anatomical",
"pathology",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"pathology",
"and",
"laboratory",
"medicine",
"cytopathology",
"liver",
"diseases",
"animal",
"models",
"model",
"organisms",
"gastroenterology",
"and",
"hepatology",
"experimental",
"organis... | 2018 | Non-proteolytic ubiquitin modification of PPARγ by Smurf1 protects the liver from steatosis |
Neural tube defects ( NTDs ) is a general term for central nervous system malformations secondary to a failure of closure or development of the neural tube . The resulting pathologies may involve the brain , spinal cord and/or vertebral column , in addition to associated structures such as soft tissue or skin . The con... | Neural tube defects ( NTDs ) are birth defects resulting from errors in the closure of the neural tube , an embryonic structure which develops into tissues of the central nervous system during pregnancy . NTDs commonly lead to costly lifelong disabilities . They are considered to be caused by a combination of nutrition... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"medicine",
"veterinary",
"pathology",
"developmental",
"biology",
"veterinary",
"diseases",
"genomics",
"model",
"organisms",
"genetics",
"veterinary",
"medicine",
"biology",
"anatomy",
"and",
"physiology",
"evolutionary",
"biology",
"neuroscience",
"veterinary",
"science"... | 2013 | Genome-Wide Association Mapping in Dogs Enables Identification of the Homeobox Gene, NKX2-8, as a Genetic Component of Neural Tube Defects in Humans |
Aedes aegypti is the primary vector of several medically relevant arboviruses including dengue virus ( DENV ) types 1–4 . Ae . aegypti transmits DENV by inoculating virus-infected saliva into host skin during probing and feeding . Ae . aegypti saliva contains over one hundred unique proteins and these proteins have div... | Dengue virus ( DENV ) is transmitted to humans by Aedes aegypti during the blood feeding process . During blood feeding , DENV and saliva proteins are inoculated into human skin . D7 proteins are prevalent and immunogenic proteins present in Ae . aegypti saliva , and assist the blood feeding process by scavenging bioge... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"body",
"fluids",
"immune",
"physiology",
"enzymes",
"immunology",
"enzymology",
"microbiology",
"viral",
"structure",
"saliva",
"chaperone",
"proteins",
"antibodies",
"digestive",
"system",
"immune",
"system",
"proteins",
"infec... | 2016 | Aedes aegypti D7 Saliva Protein Inhibits Dengue Virus Infection |
Influenza A NS1 and NS2 proteins are encoded by the RNA segment 8 of the viral genome . NS1 is a multifunctional protein and a virulence factor while NS2 is involved in nuclear export of viral ribonucleoprotein complexes . A yeast two-hybrid screening strategy was used to identify host factors supporting NS1 and NS2 fu... | Viruses are obligate intracellular parasites that rely on cellular functions for efficient replication . As most biological processes are sustained by protein-protein interactions , the identification of interactions between viral and host proteins can provide a global overview about the cellular functions engaged duri... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"systems",
"biology",
"protein",
"interactions",
"virology",
"host-pathogen",
"interaction",
"microbiology",
"biology",
"proteomics",
"viral",
"replication",
"computational",
"biology"
] | 2013 | The Interactomes of Influenza Virus NS1 and NS2 Proteins Identify New Host Factors and Provide Insights for ADAR1 Playing a Supportive Role in Virus Replication |
Major Histocompatibility Complex ( MHC ) class I molecules enable cytotoxic T lymphocytes to destroy virus-infected or cancerous cells , thereby preventing disease progression . MHC class I molecules provide a snapshot of the contents of a cell by binding to protein fragments arising from intracellular protein turnover... | Major Histocompatibility Complex ( MHC ) class I molecules bind to protein fragments ( peptides ) within the cell and present these fragments at the cell surface , thus providing a snapshot of the cell contents that can subsequently be used to trigger an immune response . Only a fraction of the potentially billions of ... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Methods"
] | [
"biochemical",
"simulations",
"major",
"histocompatibility",
"complex",
"antigen",
"processing",
"and",
"recognition",
"regulatory",
"networks",
"immunology",
"biology",
"computational",
"biology"
] | 2011 | A Peptide Filtering Relation Quantifies MHC Class I Peptide Optimization |
Necator americanus , a haematophagous hookworm parasite , infects ~10% of the world’s population and is considered to be a significant public health risk . Its lifecycle has distinct stages , permitting its successful transit from the skin via the lungs ( L3 ) to the intestinal tract ( L4 maturing to adult ) . It has b... | Necator americanus is an intestinal hookworm parasite of humans that is commonly found in tropical and sub-tropical climates . N . americanus infections can be treated effectively with anthelmintic drug therapy; however , in endemic areas re-infection quickly returns . Chronic hookworm infection can lead to intestinal ... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results/Discussion"
] | [
"invertebrates",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"chemical",
"compounds",
"laboratory",
"equipment",
"engineering",
"and",
"technology",
"helminths",
"salts",
"hookworms",
"laboratory",
"glassware",
"parasitic",
"diseases",
"animals",
"necator",
"americanus",
"mu... | 2017 | The physicochemical fingerprint of Necator americanus |
Deltaretroviruses such as human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 ( HTLV-1 ) and bovine leukemia virus ( BLV ) induce a persistent infection that remains generally asymptomatic but can also lead to leukemia or lymphoma . These viruses replicate by infecting new lymphocytes ( i . e . the infectious cycle ) or via clonal expan... | Human T-lymphotropic Virus 1 ( HTLV-1 ) induces a persistent infection that remains generally asymptomatic . Nevertheless , in a small proportion of individuals and after a long latency , HTLV-1 infection leads to leukemia or lymphoma . Onset of clinical manifestations correlates with a persistently elevated number of ... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [] | 2013 | Massive Depletion of Bovine Leukemia Virus Proviral Clones Located in Genomic Transcriptionally Active Sites during Primary Infection |
Dengue diagnosis is complex and until recently only specialized laboratories were able to definitively confirm dengue infection . Rapid tests are now available commercially making biological diagnosis possible in the field . The aim of this study was to evaluate a combined dengue rapid test for the detection of NS1 and... | Dengue is a potentially life-threatening viral disease . Symptoms are often not specific hence the importance to confirm the diagnosis during the early stage of the disease . Nevertheless , until recently only specialized laboratories were able to confirm dengue diagnosis . The discovery of the NS1 protein as a marker ... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"medicine",
"infectious",
"diseases",
"virology",
"emerging",
"viral",
"diseases",
"neglected",
"tropical",
"diseases",
"biology",
"microbiology",
"viral",
"diseases",
"viral",
"disease",
"diagnosis"
] | 2012 | Field Evaluation and Impact on Clinical Management of a Rapid Diagnostic Kit That Detects Dengue NS1, IgM and IgG |
Recent advances in highly multiplexed immunoassays have allowed systematic large-scale measurement of hundreds of plasma proteins in large cohort studies . In combination with genotyping , such studies offer the prospect to 1 ) identify mechanisms involved with regulation of protein expression in plasma , and 2 ) deter... | Several proteins that circulate in blood have been linked to cardiovascular disease through the use of classic epidemiology and correlation studies . If individuals with higher risk of disease have higher levels of a protein , the protein may be associated with disease . However , this does not necessarily mean that th... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"methods"
] | [
"genome-wide",
"association",
"studies",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"quantitative",
"trait",
"loci",
"gene",
"regulation",
"biomarkers",
"cardiovascular",
"medicine",
"coronary",
"heart",
"disease",
"genome",
"analysis",
"cardiology",
"proteins",
"gene",
"... | 2017 | Mapping of 79 loci for 83 plasma protein biomarkers in cardiovascular disease |
Molecular genetic approaches typically detect recombination in microbes regardless of assumed asexuality . However , genetic data have shown the AIDS-associated pathogen Penicillium marneffei to have extensive spatial genetic structure at local and regional scales , and although there has been some genetic evidence tha... | Fungal pathogen populations show patterns ranging from globally recombining to endemic and clonal . Among the most genetically and spatially restricted fungi is the highly clonal pathogen Penicillium marneffei , an endemic AIDS-associated pathogen in Southeast Asia . Previous studies have shown that P . marneffei has a... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods",
"Results/Discussion"
] | [
"medicine",
"organismal",
"evolution",
"public",
"health",
"and",
"epidemiology",
"evolutionary",
"ecology",
"infectious",
"disease",
"epidemiology",
"population",
"genetics",
"speciation",
"microbial",
"evolution",
"fungal",
"diseases",
"infectious",
"diseases",
"mycosis",... | 2012 | Clonality Despite Sex: The Evolution of Host-Associated Sexual Neighborhoods in the Pathogenic Fungus Penicillium marneffei |
Phylogenetic networks generalize phylogenetic trees by allowing the modelization of events of reticulate evolution . Among the different kinds of phylogenetic networks that have been proposed in the literature , the subclass of binary tree-child networks is one of the most studied ones . However , very little is known ... | Phylogenetic networks are widely used to represent evolutionary scenarios with reticulated events , and among them , the class of binary tree-child ( BTC for short ) networks is one of the most studied ones . Despite its importance , BTC networks , as mathematical objects , are not yet fully understood . In this paper ... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"taxonomy",
"plant",
"anatomy",
"applied",
"mathematics",
"simulation",
"and",
"modeling",
"algorithms",
"phylogenetics",
"data",
"management",
"plant",
"science",
"mathematics",
"phylogenetic",
"analysis",
"network",
"analysis",
"speciation",
"directed",
"graphs",
"resea... | 2019 | Generation of Binary Tree-Child phylogenetic networks |
Distinct firing properties among touch receptors are influenced by multiple , interworking anatomical structures . Our understanding of the functions and crosstalk of Merkel cells and their associated neurites—the end organs of slowly adapting type I ( SAI ) afferents—remains incomplete . Piezo2 mechanically activated ... | Slowly-adapting type I ( SAI ) cutaneous afferents help us discriminate fine spatial details . Their physiology and anatomy are distinguished by their slow adaptation in firing to held stimuli and innervation of Merkel cells , respectively . How mechanotransduction currents in Merkel cells and sensory neurons combine t... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"methods"
] | [
"skin",
"merkel",
"cells",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"action",
"potentials",
"classical",
"mechanics",
"integumentary",
"system",
"applied",
"mathematics",
"membrane",
"potential",
"electrophysiology",
"mechanical",
"stress",
"neurites",
"neuroscience",
"sk... | 2018 | Computation predicts rapidly adapting mechanotransduction currents cannot account for tactile encoding in Merkel cell-neurite complexes |
Clostridium difficile is a Gram-positive spore-forming pathogen and a leading cause of nosocomial diarrhea . C . difficile infections are transmitted when ingested spores germinate in the gastrointestinal tract and transform into vegetative cells . Germination begins when the germinant receptor CspC detects bile salts ... | Clostridium difficile is a spore-forming bacterium capable of causing severe diarrhea . The dormant spore-form of C . difficile is necessary to cause infection , since vegetative cells of this organism cannot survive in the presence of oxygen . Spores are difficult to eradicate because they can withstand extreme enviro... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [] | 2015 | Identification of a Novel Lipoprotein Regulator of Clostridium difficile Spore Germination |
Erythrocyte polymorphisms associated with a survival advantage to Plasmodium falciparum infection have undergone positive selection . There is a predominance of blood group O in malaria-endemic regions , and several lines of evidence suggest that ABO blood groups may influence the outcome of P . falciparum infection . ... | Plasmodium falciparum malaria is considered to be one of the strongest forces for evolutionary selection pressure on the human genome . Different red blood cell variants associated with a survival advantage to P . falciparum infection have undergone positive selection . Blood group O is found more frequently in malaria... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"medicine",
"biology"
] | 2012 | ABO Blood Groups Influence Macrophage-mediated Phagocytosis of Plasmodium falciparum-infected Erythrocytes |
Human African trypanosomiasis , endemic to sub-Saharan Africa , is invariably fatal if untreated . Its causative agent is the protozoan parasite Trypanosoma brucei . Eflornithine is used as a first line treatment for human African trypanosomiasis , but there is a risk that resistance could thwart its use , even when us... | We have found that the loss of a single gene , TbAAT6 , is sufficient to render African trypanosomes resistant to the only safe drug , eflornithine , in use against them . The fact that parasites lacking TbAAT6 are viable in animals and retain the resistance phenotype indicates a simple means by which parasite populati... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"infectious",
"diseases/neglected",
"tropical",
"diseases",
"pharmacology/drug",
"resistance",
"microbiology/parasitology"
] | 2010 | A Molecular Mechanism for Eflornithine Resistance in African Trypanosomes |
Antibodies targeting receptor-mediated entry of HCV into hepatocytes confer limited therapeutic benefits . Evidence suggests that exosomes can transfer genetic materials between cells; however , their role in HCV infection remains obscure . Here , we show that exosomes isolated from sera of chronic HCV infected patient... | Since its first isolation and identification in 1989 , Hepatitis C virus ( HCV ) , has caused significant disease burden to humans worldwide . So far , there is no vaccine against HCV , and neutralizing antibody therapies to block receptor–mediated transmission of HCV to liver cells have so far achieved limited therape... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"infectious",
"diseases",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"viral",
"transmission",
"and",
"infection",
"virology",
"biology",
"and",
"life",
"sciences",
"microbiology"
] | 2014 | Exosomes from Hepatitis C Infected Patients Transmit HCV Infection and Contain Replication Competent Viral RNA in Complex with Ago2-miR122-HSP90 |
The complex life cycle of oncogenic human papillomavirus ( HPV ) initiates in undifferentiated basal epithelial keratinocytes where expression of the E6 and E7 oncogenes is restricted . Upon epithelial differentiation , E6/E7 transcription is increased through unknown mechanisms to drive cellular proliferation required... | Oncogenic human papillomavirus ( HPV ) infection causes cancers of the anogenital and oropharyngeal tracts . HPV infects undifferentiated basal cells of the epithelium at these body sites and expresses low levels of viral early genes , required for replication of the viral genome . In normal epithelia , cellular migrat... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"methods"
] | [
"keratinocytes",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"pathology",
"and",
"laboratory",
"medicine",
"pathogens",
"microbiology",
"cell",
"differentiation",
"epithelial",
"cells",
"viruses",
"developmental",
"biology",
"protein",
"expression",
"dna",
"viruses",
"genome... | 2018 | Disruption of CTCF-YY1–dependent looping of the human papillomavirus genome activates differentiation-induced viral oncogene transcription |
During the last eight years , North and South Kivu , located in a lake area in Eastern Democratic Republic of Congo , have been the site of a major volcano eruption and of numerous complex emergencies with population displacements . These conditions have been suspected to favour emergence and spread of cholera epidemic... | With the number of cholera cases up to 73 , 000 during the last eight years and successive wars that have persisted for fifteen years , the North and South Kivu provinces of the Democratic Republic of Congo are currently heavily hit by both cholera outbreaks and war-related population displacements . Prior to this stud... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"infectious",
"diseases/neglected",
"tropical",
"diseases",
"infectious",
"diseases/epidemiology",
"and",
"control",
"of",
"infectious",
"diseases"
] | 2009 | Cholera Epidemics, War and Disasters around Goma and Lake Kivu: An Eight-Year Survey |
Although neurological manifestations associated with dengue viruses ( DENV ) infection have been reported , there is very limited information on the genetic characteristics of neurotropic DENV . Here we describe the isolation and complete genome analysis of DENV serotype 3 ( DENV-3 ) from cerebrospinal fluid of an ence... | Dengue viruses ( DENV ) are viruses that can cause asymptomatic infection to life-threatening haemorrhagic fever disease . Although DENV are not classically known to infect and invade central nervous system ( CNS ) in human , numerous cases of DENV infection in the CNS have been reported with limited information about ... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Materials",
"and",
"methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"sequencing",
"techniques",
"taxonomy",
"dengue",
"virus",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"body",
"fluids",
"pathology",
"and",
"laboratory",
"medicine",
"nervous",
"system",
"pathogens",
"microbiology",
"encephalitis",
"viruses",
"phylogenetics",
"data",
"man... | 2018 | Isolation and complete genome analysis of neurotropic dengue virus serotype 3 from the cerebrospinal fluid of an encephalitis patient |
The RV144 clinical trial showed the partial efficacy of a vaccine regimen with an estimated vaccine efficacy ( VE ) of 31% for protecting low-risk Thai volunteers against acquisition of HIV-1 . The impact of vaccine-induced immune responses can be investigated through sieve analysis of HIV-1 breakthrough infections ( i... | We present an analysis of the genomes of the HIV viruses that infected some participants of the RV144 Thai trial , which was the first study to show efficacy of a vaccine to prevent HIV infection . We analyzed the HIV genomes of infected vaccine recipients and infected placebo recipients , and found differences between... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [] | 2015 | Comprehensive Sieve Analysis of Breakthrough HIV-1 Sequences in the RV144 Vaccine Efficacy Trial |
The evolutionary history of biological pathways is of general interest , especially in this post-genomic era , because it may provide clues for understanding how complex systems encoded on genomes have been organized . To explain how pathways can evolve de novo , some noteworthy models have been proposed . However , di... | Many biological functions , from energy metabolism to antibiotic resistance , are carried out by biological pathways that require a number of cooperatively functioning genes . Hence , underlying mechanisms in the evolution of biological pathways are of particular interest . However , compared to the evolution of indivi... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Methods"
] | [
"microbiology/environmental",
"microbiology",
"genetics",
"and",
"genomics/microbial",
"evolution",
"and",
"genomics",
"evolutionary",
"biology/microbial",
"evolution",
"and",
"genomics",
"computer",
"science/applications",
"genetics",
"and",
"genomics/comparative",
"genomics",
... | 2009 | Rapid Pathway Evolution Facilitated by Horizontal Gene Transfers across Prokaryotic Lineages |
Infection of the mammalian host by schistosome larvae occurs via the skin , although nothing is known about the development of immune responses to multiple exposures of schistosome larvae , and/or their excretory/secretory ( E/S ) products . Here , we show that multiple ( 4x ) exposures , prior to the onset of egg layi... | Schistosomiasis is a major helminth disease that infects more than 200 million people in the tropics . Free-swimming aquatic cercariae infect through the skin after contact with contaminated water , and in endemic areas this can occur frequently . However , nothing is known about how multiple exposures affects innate i... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"immunology/innate",
"immunity",
"immunology/immunity",
"to",
"infections",
"infectious",
"diseases/helminth",
"infections"
] | 2011 | Multiple Helminth Infection of the Skin Causes Lymphocyte
Hypo-Responsiveness Mediated by Th2 Conditioning of Dermal Myeloid
Cells |
Sedentary endoparasitic nematodes are obligate biotrophs that modify host root tissues , using a suite of effector proteins to create and maintain a feeding site that is their sole source of nutrition . Using assumptions about the characteristics of genes involved in plant-nematode biotrophic interactions to inform the... | Sedentary plant parasitic nematodes are pathogens that invade plant roots and establish a feeding site . The feeding site is a specialist structure used by the nematode to support its development within the plant . The nematode secretes a suite of proteins , termed ‘effector proteins’ that are responsible for initiatin... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Methods"
] | [
"plant",
"science",
"gene",
"identification",
"and",
"analysis",
"plant",
"pathogens",
"genetics",
"plant",
"pathology",
"biology",
"and",
"life",
"sciences",
"molecular",
"genetics",
"nematology",
"zoology",
"molecular",
"biology"
] | 2014 | Identification and Characterisation of a Hyper-Variable Apoplastic Effector Gene Family of the Potato Cyst Nematodes |
Mucorales are an emerging group of human pathogens that are responsible for the lethal disease mucormycosis . Unfortunately , functional studies on the genetic factors behind the virulence of these organisms are hampered by their limited genetic tractability , since they are reluctant to classical genetic tools like tr... | Mucormycosis is an infectious disease caused by organisms of the order Mucorales . It is a lethal infection that is raising the alarm in the medical and scientific community due to its high mortality rates , unusual antifungal drug resistance and its emerging character . Among the reasons explaining the nescience about... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"blood",
"cells",
"fungal",
"spores",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"functional",
"genomics",
"yeast",
"infections",
"rna",
"interference",
"pathology",
"and",
"laboratory",
"medicine",
"immune",
"cells",
"fungal",
"spore",
"germination",
"fungal",
"genetic... | 2017 | RNAi-Based Functional Genomics Identifies New Virulence Determinants in Mucormycosis |
Despite utilizing the same chymotrypsin fold to host the catalytic machinery , coronavirus 3C-like proteases ( 3CLpro ) noticeably differ from picornavirus 3C proteases in acquiring an extra helical domain in evolution . Previously , the extra domain was demonstrated to regulate the catalysis of the SARS-CoV 3CLpro by ... | Severe acute respiratory syndrome ( SARS ) is the first emerging infectious disease of the 21st century which has not only caused rapid infection and death , but also triggered a dramatic social crisis . Its 3C-like protease is crucial for reproducing virus and thus represents a top target for drug design . Interesting... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"computational",
"biology/molecular",
"dynamics",
"biophysics/biocatalysis",
"biophysics/theory",
"and",
"simulation"
] | 2011 | Dynamically-Driven Inactivation of the Catalytic Machinery of the SARS 3C-Like Protease by the N214A Mutation on the Extra Domain |
Chlamydiae are obligate intracellular pathogens that must coordinate the acquisition of host cell-derived biosynthetic constituents essential for bacterial survival . Purified chlamydiae contain several lipids that are typically found in eukaryotes , implying the translocation of host cell lipids to the chlamydial vacu... | The genus Chlamydia is composed of a group of obligate intracellular bacterial pathogens that cause several human diseases of medical significance . C . trachomatis is the most commonly encountered sexually transmitted pathogen , as well as the leading cause of preventable blindness worldwide . The prevalence of chlamy... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"infectious",
"diseases/bacterial",
"infections",
"microbiology/cellular",
"microbiology",
"and",
"pathogenesis"
] | 2009 | Inclusion Biogenesis and Reactivation of Persistent Chlamydia trachomatis Requires Host Cell Sphingolipid Biosynthesis |
Speciation events often occur in rapid bursts of diversification , but the ecological and genetic factors that promote these radiations are still much debated . Using whole transcriptomes from all 13 species in the ecologically and reproductively diverse wild tomato clade ( Solanum sect . Lycopersicon ) , we infer the ... | The formation of new and distinct species during evolution often occurs in rapid bursts of diversification in which many species arise within a short time frame . The ecological and genetic factors that promote these radiations are much debated . Here , we examine genome-wide patterns of molecular evolution that accomp... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"and",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"biotechnology",
"taxonomy",
"biogeography",
"ecology",
"and",
"environmental",
"sciences",
"population",
"genetics",
"phylogenetics",
"data",
"management",
"plant",
"science",
"phylogenetic",
"analysis",
"speciation",
"crops",
"plant",
"genomics",
"molecular",
"biology",
... | 2016 | Phylogenomics Reveals Three Sources of Adaptive Variation during a Rapid Radiation |
Entomopathogenic nematodes ( EPNs ) employ a sophisticated chemosensory apparatus to detect potential hosts . Understanding the molecular basis of relevant host-finding behaviours could facilitate improved EPN biocontrol approaches , and could lend insight to similar behaviours in economically important mammalian paras... | Entomopathogenic nematodes ( EPNs ) use a range of behaviours in order to find a suitable host , some of which are shared with important mammalian parasites . The ethical burden of conducting research on parasites which require a mammalian host has driven a move towards appropriate ‘model’ parasites , like EPNs , which... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Materials",
"and",
"methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"invertebrates",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"neurochemistry",
"rna",
"interference",
"pathology",
"and",
"laboratory",
"medicine",
"caenorhabditis",
"gene",
"regulation",
"neuroscience",
"animals",
"parasitic",
"diseases",
"nematode",
"infections",
"animal",
... | 2017 | A neuropeptide modulates sensory perception in the entomopathogenic nematode Steinernema carpocapsae |
Recently introduced , exotic plant pathogens may exhibit low genetic diversity and be limited to clonal reproduction . However , rapidly mutating molecular markers such as microsatellites can reveal genetic variation within these populations and be used to model putative migration patterns . Phytophthora ramorum is the... | Sudden oak death , caused by the fungus-like pathogen Phytophthora ramorum , has caused devastating levels of mortality of live oak and tanoak trees in coastal California forests and in urban and suburban landscapes in the San Francisco Bay Area . This pathogen also causes non-lethal disease on popular ornamental plant... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"evolutionary",
"biology"
] | 2009 | Population Genetic Analysis Infers Migration Pathways of Phytophthora ramorum in US Nurseries |
Infected animals will produce reactive oxygen species ( ROS ) and other inflammatory molecules that help fight pathogens , but can inadvertently damage host tissue . Therefore specific responses , which protect and repair against the collateral damage caused by the immune response , are critical for successfully surviv... | To fight infection , an animal's immune response produces a variety of toxic compounds that are directed at the invading pathogen . However , these toxic compounds can also damage the host's tissue . Therefore an important job of the immune response is to prevent and repair damage caused by “friendly fire . ” In this s... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"model",
"organisms",
"immunity",
"innate",
"immunity",
"biology",
"microbiology"
] | 2011 | Ce-Duox1/BLI-3 Generated Reactive Oxygen Species Trigger Protective SKN-1 Activity via p38 MAPK Signaling during Infection in C. elegans |
Protein-protein interactions ( PPIs ) are essential to all biological processes and they represent increasingly important therapeutic targets . Here , we present a new method for accurately predicting protein-protein interfaces , understanding their properties , origins and binding to multiple partners . Contrary to ma... | Many questions regarding Protein-Protein Interactions ( PPI ) cannot be answered by just knowing the approximate location of the interaction site at the protein surface but demand an understanding of the geometrical organization of the interacting residues . For instance , one would like to estimate the number of inter... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [] | 2015 | Local Geometry and Evolutionary Conservation of Protein Surfaces Reveal the Multiple Recognition Patches in Protein-Protein Interactions |
The presence of treatment-resistant cells is an important factor that limits the efficacy of cancer therapy , and the prospect of resistance is considered the major cause of the treatment strategy . Several recent studies have employed mathematical models to elucidate the dynamics of generating resistant cancer cells a... | Drug therapies for cancer have dramatically succeeded since molecular-targeted drugs have been introduced in medical practice; however , drug treatment often fails owing to the emergence of drug-resistant cells . A variety of approaches , including mathematical modeling , has been undertaken to clarify the mechanism of... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Materials",
"and",
"methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"markov",
"models",
"cell",
"cycle",
"and",
"cell",
"division",
"cancer",
"treatment",
"cell",
"processes",
"oncology",
"mutation",
"probability",
"distribution",
"mathematics",
"pharmaceutics",
"computer",
"and",
"information",
... | 2019 | A numerical approach for a discrete Markov model for progressing drug resistance of cancer |
The eukaryotic nicotinamide riboside kinase ( Nrk ) pathway , which is induced in response to nerve damage and promotes replicative life span in yeast , converts nicotinamide riboside to nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide ( NAD+ ) by phosphorylation and adenylylation . Crystal structures of human Nrk1 bound to nucleosid... | Biosynthesis of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide ( NAD+ ) is fundamental to cells , because NAD+ is an essential co-factor for metabolic and gene regulatory pathways that control life and death . Two vitamin precursors of NAD+ were discovered in 1938 . We recently discovered nicotinamide riboside ( NR ) as a third vit... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods",
"Supporting",
"Information"
] | [
"biochemistry",
"nutrition",
"cell",
"biology",
"human",
"genetics",
"and",
"genomics"
] | 2007 | Nicotinamide Riboside Kinase Structures Reveal New Pathways to NAD+ |
Generation of reactive oxygen species ( ROS ) during infection is an immediate host defense leading to microbial killing . APE1 is a multifunctional protein induced by ROS and after induction , protects against ROS-mediated DNA damage . Rac1 and NAPDH oxidase ( Nox1 ) are important contributors of ROS generation follow... | Helicobacter pylori infection of the gastric mucosa is largely lifelong leading to continued stimulation of immune cells . This results in the generation of reactive oxygen species ( ROS ) which are produced to kill bacteria , but at the same time ROS regulate cellular events in the host . However , prolonged generatio... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [] | 2016 | Regulation of Rac1 and Reactive Oxygen Species Production in Response to Infection of Gastrointestinal Epithelia |
Protein-protein interaction networks provide a global picture of cellular function and biological processes . Some proteins act as hub proteins , highly connected to others , whereas some others have few interactions . The dysfunction of some interactions causes many diseases , including cancer . Proteins interact thro... | Protein-protein interaction networks provide a global picture of cellular function and biological processes . The dysfunction of some interactions causes many diseases , including cancer . Proteins interact through their interfaces . Therefore , studying the interface properties of cancer-related proteins will help exp... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results/Discussion",
"Methods"
] | [
"computational",
"biology/macromolecular",
"structure",
"analysis",
"molecular",
"biology/bioinformatics",
"biochemistry/bioinformatics",
"computational",
"biology/signaling",
"networks",
"biochemistry/structural",
"genomics",
"computational",
"biology",
"genetics",
"and",
"genomics/... | 2009 | Human Cancer Protein-Protein Interaction Network: A Structural Perspective |
Terminal differentiation of B cells is an essential process for the humoral immune response in vertebrates and is achieved by the concerted action of several transcription factors in response to antigen recognition and extracellular signals provided by T-helper cells . While there is a wealth of experimental data regar... | Generation of antibody-producing cells through terminal B cell differentiation represents a good model to study the formation of multiple effector cells from a progenitor cell type . This process is controlled by the action of several molecules that maintain cell type specific programs in response to cytokines , antige... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [] | 2016 | A Network Model to Describe the Terminal Differentiation of B Cells |
Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome ( SFTS ) is an emerging infectious disease that is caused by a novel bunyavirus , SFTSV . We assessed whether the single nucleotide polymorphisms ( SNPs ) in the tumor necrosis factor-alpha ( TNF-α ) were associated with risk to severity of SFTS . Five TNF-α SNPs ( SNP1: T-10... | Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome ( SFTS ) is an emerging infectious disease that is caused by a novel bunyavirus . The current study disclosed the single nucleotide polymorphisms ( SNPs ) in the tumor necrosis factor-alpha ( TNF-α ) were associated with risk to disease severity of SFTS . These findings sugge... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Methods"
] | [
"innate",
"immune",
"system",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"immune",
"physiology",
"cytokines",
"pathology",
"and",
"laboratory",
"medicine",
"immunology",
"variant",
"genotypes",
"genetic",
"mapping",
"ethnicities",
"developmental",
"biology",
"signs",
"and... | 2018 | Polymorphisms and haplotypes in the promoter of the TNF-α gene are associated with disease severity of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome in Chinese Han population |
Zipper interacting protein kinase ( ZIPK , also known as death-associated protein kinase 3 [DAPK3] ) is a Ser/Thr kinase that functions in programmed cell death . Since its identification eight years ago , contradictory findings regarding its intracellular localization and molecular mode of action have been reported , ... | Mammals are a fairly young class of animals , first appearing about 70 million years ago . Such recent common descent does not allow the evolutionary process to create much diversity within the class , and indeed , the physiology among different mammals is remarkably similar . This similarity enables the use of various... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results/Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods",
"Supporting",
"Information"
] | [
"cell",
"biology",
"molecular",
"biology",
"danio",
"(zebrafish)",
"rattus",
"(rat)",
"vertebrates",
"evolutionary",
"biology",
"homo",
"(human)",
"genetics",
"and",
"genomics",
"mus",
"(mouse)"
] | 2007 | ZIPK: A Unique Case of Murine-Specific Divergence of a Conserved Vertebrate Gene |
The mitochondrial free radical theory of aging ( mFRTA ) implicates Reactive Oxygen Species ( ROS ) -induced mutations of mitochondrial DNA ( mtDNA ) as a major cause of aging . However , fifty years after its inception , several of its premises are intensely debated . Much of this uncertainty is due to the large range... | Aging is characterized by a systemic decline of an organism's capacity in responding to internal and external stresses , leading to increased mortality . The mitochondrial Free Radical Theory of Aging ( mFRTA ) attributes this decline to the accumulation of damages , in the form of mitochondrial DNA ( mtDNA ) mutations... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Methods",
"Results/Discussion"
] | [
"mathematics/statistics",
"developmental",
"biology/aging",
"biophysics/theory",
"and",
"simulation"
] | 2009 | Stochastic Drift in Mitochondrial DNA Point Mutations: A Novel Perspective Ex Silico |
Leprosy is a disease of the skin and peripheral nervous system caused by the obligate intracellular bacterium Mycobacterium leprae . The clinical presentations of leprosy are spectral , with the severity of disease determined by the balance between the cellular and humoral immune response of the host . The exact mechan... | Leprosy is an infectious disease caused by the obligate intracellular bacterium Mycobacterium leprae . M . leprae infects the skin and nerves , leading to disfigurement and nerve damage , with the severity of the disease varying widely . We believe there are multiple factors ( genetic , bacterial , nutritional and envi... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"small",
"molecules",
"liquid",
"chromatography",
"immunology",
"microbiology",
"immunochemistry",
"immunomodulation",
"bacterial",
"pathogens",
"lipids",
"inflammation",
"medical",
"microbiology",
"microbial",
"pathogens",
"chemistry",
"biology",
"chromatography",
"immune",
... | 2011 | Serum Metabolomics Reveals Higher Levels of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Lepromatous Leprosy: Potential Markers for Susceptibility and Pathogenesis |
In oviparous animals , the egg yolk is synthesized by the mother in a major metabolic challenge , where the different yolk components are secreted to the hemolymph and delivered to the oocytes mostly by endocytosis . The yolk macromolecules are then stored in a wide range of endocytic-originated vesicles which are coll... | In oviparous animals all the nutrients and energy needed for the embryo cells are previously stored in the eggs , in the form of what we call yolk . The yolk is the food of the embryo , and , like our food , it needs to be broken down into nutrients and energy to supply the embryo cells rapid growth and division . The ... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Materials",
"and",
"methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"reproductive",
"system",
"body",
"fluids",
"vesicles",
"cell",
"processes",
"germ",
"cells",
"oocytes",
"insect",
"vectors",
"cellular",
"structures",
"and",
"organelles",
"infectious",
"diseases",
"lipids",
"animal",
"cells",... | 2018 | Silencing of RpATG6 impaired the yolk accumulation and the biogenesis of the yolk organelles in the insect vector R. prolixus |
A fatal human case of Duvenhage virus ( DUVV ) infection in a Dutch traveller who had returned from Kenya was reported in 2007 . She exhibited classical symptoms of rabies encephalitis with distinct pathological findings . In the present study we describe the isolation and characterization of DUVV in vitro and its pass... | Lyssaviruses have been known for centuries to cause lethal encephalitis in animals and humans , representing a serious public health problem especially in developing countries . Little is known about the way that lyssaviruses in general , and Duvenhage virus in particular cause disease . Studies of pathogenesis have be... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"medicine",
"infectious",
"diseases",
"rabies",
"neglected",
"tropical",
"diseases",
"viral",
"diseases"
] | 2012 | In Vitro and In Vivo Isolation and Characterization of Duvenhage Virus |
Chronic Kidney Disease of uncertain etiology ( CKDu ) is an emerging epidemic among farming communities in rural Sri Lanka . Victims do not exhibit common causative factors , however , histopathological studies revealed that CKDu is a tubulointerstitial disease . Urine albumin or albumin-creatinine ratio is still being... | Chronic Kidney Disease ( CKD ) is a challenging global health issue around the world . Impairment of kidney function with time is eminent , but indications of CKD may not be seen until considerable damage to kidney functions . Two main causes of CKD are diabetes and high blood pressure . However recently new form of CK... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"body",
"fluids",
"classical",
"mechanics",
"chronic",
"kidney",
"disease",
"geographical",
"locations",
"biomarkers",
"urine",
"damage",
"mechanics",
"kidneys",
"sri",
"lanka",
"creatinine",
"agriculture",
"people",
"and",
"pl... | 2016 | Urinary Biomarkers KIM-1 and NGAL for Detection of Chronic Kidney Disease of Uncertain Etiology (CKDu) among Agricultural Communities in Sri Lanka |
The human malaria parasite Plasmodium vivax is more resistant to malaria control strategies than Plasmodium falciparum , and maintains high genetic diversity even when transmission is low . To investigate whether declining P . vivax transmission leads to increasing population structure that would facilitate elimination... | Plasmodium vivax is a major human malaria parasite , common in endemic areas outside sub-Saharan Africa , and more difficult to control than other malaria parasite species . The distinct lifecycle biology of P . vivax is thought to contribute to its more stable and efficient transmission allowing the maintenance of hig... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Materials",
"and",
"methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"parasite",
"groups",
"solomon",
"islands",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"ecology",
"and",
"environmental",
"sciences",
"plasmodium",
"population",
"genetics",
"geographical",
"locations",
"tropical",
"diseases",
"vanuatu",
"parasitic",
"diseases",
"genetic",
... | 2018 | Increasingly inbred and fragmented populations of Plasmodium vivax associated with the eastward decline in malaria transmission across the Southwest Pacific |
Recent outbreaks of Ebola and Zika have highlighted the possibility that viruses may cause enduring infections in tissues like the eye , including the neural retina , which have been considered immune privileged . Whether this is a peculiarity of exotic viruses remains unclear , since the impact of more common viral in... | Cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) is a common viral pathogen which is highly prevalent , but does not cause clinical disease in hosts with a fully competent immune system . After infection the virus remains with the host life-long in a chronic and then latent state . Latency is thought to establish primarily in the lung and in t... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"methods"
] | [
"blood",
"cells",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"immune",
"cells",
"pathology",
"and",
"laboratory",
"medicine",
"immunology",
"ocular",
"anatomy",
"microbiology",
"iris",
"animal",
"models",
"model",
"organisms",
"signs",
"and",
"symptoms",
"eye",
"disea... | 2018 | Cytomegalovirus establishes a latent reservoir and triggers long-lasting inflammation in the eye |
The three-dimensional ( 3D ) structure of neural circuits is commonly studied by reconstructing individual or small groups of neurons in separate preparations . Investigation of structural organization principles or quantification of dendritic and axonal innervation thus requires integration of many reconstructed morph... | For studying the neural basis of perception and behavior , it would be ideal to directly monitor sensory-evoked excitation streams within neural circuits , at sub-cellular and millisecond resolution . To do so , reverse engineering approaches of reconstructing circuit anatomy and synaptic wiring have been suggested . T... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"neuroanatomy",
"computational",
"neuroscience",
"biology",
"sensory",
"systems",
"neuroscience",
"neuroimaging"
] | 2012 | 3D Reconstruction and Standardization of the Rat Vibrissal Cortex for Precise Registration of Single Neuron Morphology |
Secondary lymphoid organs ( SLO ) , such as lymph nodes and the spleen , display a complex micro-architecture . In the T cell zone the micro-architecture is provided by a network of fibroblastic reticular cells ( FRC ) and their filaments . The FRC network is thought to enhance the interaction between immune cells and ... | The interaction between lymphocytes and antigen presenting cells or infected cells is thought to be enhanced by the complex microarchitecture of secondary lymphoid organs such as the spleen or lymph nodes . In the T cell zone the micro-architecture is provided by a network of fibroblastic reticular cells ( FRC ) and th... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"immunology",
"biology",
"computational",
"biology",
"population",
"biology"
] | 2012 | Influence of the Fibroblastic Reticular Network on Cell-Cell Interactions in Lymphoid Organs |
Rhinoscleroma is a human specific chronic granulomatous infection of the nose and upper airways caused by the Gram-negative bacterium Klebsiella pneumoniae subsp . rhinoscleromatis . Although considered a rare disease , it is endemic in low-income countries where hygienic conditions are poor . A hallmark of this pathol... | Rhinoscleroma is a human specific chronic infection characterized by the formation of granuloma in the nose and upper airways . It is a rare disease endemic in low-income countries where hygienic conditions are poor and caused by the Gram-negative bacterium Klebsiella pneumoniae subsp . rhinoscleromatis . A hallmark of... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Materials",
"and",
"methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"blood",
"cells",
"innate",
"immune",
"system",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"immune",
"physiology",
"cytokines",
"pathology",
"and",
"laboratory",
"medicine",
"immune",
"cells",
"chemical",
"compounds",
"pathogens",
"immunology",
"microbiology",
"carbohydra... | 2018 | Rhinoscleroma pathogenesis: The type K3 capsule of Klebsiella rhinoscleromatis is a virulence factor not involved in Mikulicz cells formation |
Genetic interactions help map biological processes and their functional relationships . A genetic interaction is defined as a deviation from the expected phenotype when combining multiple genetic mutations . In Saccharomyces cerevisiae , most genetic interactions are measured under a single phenotype - growth rate in s... | Genetic interactions map functional dependencies between genes , under a given phenotype . In the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae , most genetic interactions have been measured under a single phenotype - growth rate in standard laboratory conditions . Recently , genetic interactions have been collected under dif... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Methods"
] | [
"genetics",
"biology",
"computational",
"biology",
"gene",
"networks",
"genetics",
"and",
"genomics"
] | 2012 | Multiple Genetic Interaction Experiments Provide Complementary Information Useful for Gene Function Prediction |
Sexually reproducing organisms halve their cellular ploidy during gametogenesis by undergoing a specialized form of cell division known as meiosis . During meiosis , a single round of DNA replication is followed by two rounds of nuclear divisions ( referred to as meiosis I and II ) . While sister kinetochores bind to m... | All sexually reproducing organisms produce haploid gametes from diploid cells via meiosis . During meiosis , one round of DNA replication is followed by two rounds of nuclear division ( called meiosis I and II ) . This is unlike mitotically proliferating cells wherein one round of DNA replication is followed by one rou... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"chemistry",
"biology"
] | 2013 | Monopolin Subunit Csm1 Associates with MIND Complex to Establish Monopolar Attachment of Sister Kinetochores at Meiosis I |
Gene expression differences between the sexes account for the majority of sexually dimorphic phenotypes , and the study of sex-biased gene expression is important for understanding the genetic basis of complex sexual dimorphisms . However , it has been difficult to test the nature of this relationship due to the fact t... | Males and females exhibit many differences in morphology , behavior and physiology , yet they share the vast majority of their genomes . Most differences between the sexes are therefore thought to be the product of gene expression differences between females and males . Studies of sex differences in expression assume t... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"and",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"gene",
"expression",
"genetics",
"biology",
"evolutionary",
"biology",
"evolutionary",
"genetics"
] | 2013 | Masculinization of Gene Expression Is Associated with Exaggeration of Male Sexual Dimorphism |
The insertion Sequence IS6110 , only present in the pathogens of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis Complex ( MTBC ) , has been the gold-standard epidemiological marker for TB for more than 25 years , but biological implications of IS6110 transposition during MTBC adaptation to humans remain elusive . By studying 2 , 236 c... | Since the pioneering discovery of transposition by Barbara McClintock in eukaryotes and later in prokaryotes by Robert W . Hedges and Alan E . Jacob , it has become clear the key role of mobile genetics elements in chromosome remodelling , microbial evolution and host adaptation . The insertion sequence IS6110 is widel... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Material",
"and",
"methods"
] | [
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"bovine",
"tuberculosis",
"messenger",
"rna",
"tropical",
"diseases",
"bacterial",
"diseases",
"molecular",
"biology",
"techniques",
"bacteria",
"research",
"and",
"analysis",
"methods",
"infectious",
"diseases",
"rna",
"structur... | 2018 | New insights into the transposition mechanisms of IS6110 and its dynamic distribution between Mycobacterium tuberculosis Complex lineages |
Circadian-regulated gene expression is predominantly controlled by a transcriptional negative feedback loop , and it is evident that chromatin modifications and chromatin remodeling are integral to this process in eukaryotes . We previously determined that multiple ATP–dependent chromatin-remodeling enzymes function at... | Circadian rhythms facilitate daily changes in gene expression via a transcriptional negative feedback loop . In eukaryotes , chromatin remodeling is an integral part of transcriptional regulation and is proving to be one of the major determinants for the proper timing and amplitude of clock-gene expression . We describ... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"dna",
"modification",
"molecular",
"biology",
"gene",
"expression",
"biology",
"molecular",
"cell",
"biology",
"chromatin"
] | 2011 | CHD1 Remodels Chromatin and Influences Transient DNA Methylation at the Clock Gene frequency |
Maintenance of normal mineral ion homeostasis is crucial for many biological activities , including proper mineralization of the skeleton . Parathyroid hormone ( PTH ) , Klotho , and FGF23 have been shown to act as key regulators of serum calcium and phosphate homeostasis through a complex feedback mechanism . The phen... | Maintenance of normal mineral ion homeostasis is crucial for many biological activities , including proper mineralization of the skeleton . PTH , Klotho , and FGF23 are the key regulators of blood mineral ion homeostasis . Klotho is a type-I membrane protein and has been identified as cofactor required for FGF23 to bin... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"medicine",
"animal",
"genetics",
"parathyroid",
"cell",
"differentiation",
"hormones",
"endocrine",
"physiology",
"animal",
"models",
"developmental",
"biology",
"model",
"organisms",
"endocrine",
"glands",
"endocrinology",
"diabetes",
"and",
"endocrinology",
"biology",
... | 2012 | Deletion of PTH Rescues Skeletal Abnormalities and High Osteopontin Levels in Klotho−/− Mice |
The emerging field of sociogenomics explores the relations between social behavior and genome structure and function . An important question is the extent to which associations between social behavior and gene expression are conserved among the Metazoa . Prior experimental work in an invertebrate model of social behavi... | Sociogenomics explores the relationship between social behavior and the genome . An important issue is the extent to which results from social insects can be used to understand social behavior in other animals . We address this question through computational studies of previously published experimental data on patterns... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Methods"
] | [
"invertebrates",
"honey",
"bees",
"metabolic",
"processes",
"vertebrates",
"animals",
"mammals",
"genome",
"analysis",
"bees",
"genomics",
"hymenoptera",
"behavior",
"gene",
"expression",
"alarm",
"pheromones",
"metabolism",
"gene",
"ontologies",
"insects",
"arthropoda",
... | 2016 | Conservation in Mammals of Genes Associated with Aggression-Related Behavioral Phenotypes in Honey Bees |
Infection by large dsDNA viruses can lead to a profound alteration of host transcriptome and metabolome in order to provide essential building blocks to support the high metabolic demand for viral assembly and egress . Host response to viral infection can typically lead to diverse phenotypic outcome that include shift ... | Almost all of our current understanding of the molecular mechanisms that govern host-pathogen interactions in the ocean is derived from experiments carried out at the population level , neglecting any heterogeneity . Here we used a single cell approach to unmask the phenotypic heterogeneity produced within infected pop... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Methods"
] | [
"cell",
"physiology",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"pathology",
"and",
"laboratory",
"medicine",
"viral",
"transmission",
"and",
"infection",
"sphingolipids",
"microbiology",
"cell",
"metabolism",
"virus",
"effects",
"on",
"host",
"gene",
"expression",
"mi... | 2019 | Unmasking cellular response of a bloom-forming alga to viral infection by resolving expression profiles at a single-cell level |
The generation of two non-identical membrane compartments via exchange of vesicles is considered to require two types of vesicles specified by distinct cytosolic coats that selectively recruit cargo , and two membrane-bound SNARE pairs that specify fusion and differ in their affinities for each type of vesicles . The m... | We have developed a quantitative model to address a fundamental question in cell biology: How does the Golgi apparatus , an organelle composed of multiple cisternae that exchange vesicles , steadily maintains its inhomogeneous protein composition in the face of ongoing cisternal aging and replacement , and cargo entry ... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Methods"
] | [
"physics",
"biology",
"computational",
"biology",
"molecular",
"cell",
"biology",
"biophysics"
] | 2013 | A Model for the Self-Organization of Vesicular Flux and Protein Distributions in the Golgi Apparatus |
Glucocorticoids ( GCs ) mediate physiological responses to environmental stress and are commonly used as pharmaceuticals . GCs act primarily through the GC receptor ( GR , a transcription factor ) . Despite their clear biomedical importance , little is known about the genetic architecture of variation in GC response . ... | Glucocorticoids ( GCs ) are steroid hormones produced by the human body in response to environmental stressors . Despite their key role as physiological regulators and widely administered pharmaceuticals , little is known about the genetic basis of inter-individual and inter-ethnic variation in GC response . As GC acti... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"genome-wide",
"association",
"studies",
"medicine",
"functional",
"genomics",
"drugs",
"and",
"devices",
"statistics",
"hormones",
"endocrine",
"physiology",
"genome",
"analysis",
"tools",
"mathematics",
"pharmacology",
"gene",
"expression",
"pharmacogenetics",
"endocrinol... | 2011 | Interactions between Glucocorticoid Treatment and Cis-Regulatory Polymorphisms Contribute to Cellular Response Phenotypes |
Dual colour total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy is a powerful tool for decoding the molecular dynamics of clathrin-mediated endocytosis ( CME ) . Typically , the recruitment of a fluorescent protein–tagged endocytic protein was referenced to the disappearance of spot-like clathrin-coated structure ( CCS )... | The molecular machinery of clathrin-mediated endocytosis concentrates receptors at the cell surface in a patch of membrane that curves into a vesicle , pinches off , and internalizes membrane cargo and a tiny volume of extracellular fluid . We know that dozens of proteins are involved in this process , but precisely wh... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"biophysics/macromolecular",
"assemblies",
"and",
"machines",
"cell",
"biology/membranes",
"and",
"sorting",
"biochemistry/cell",
"signaling",
"and",
"trafficking",
"structures",
"biophysics/cell",
"signaling",
"and",
"trafficking",
"structures",
"computational",
"biology/syste... | 2011 | A High Precision Survey of the Molecular Dynamics of Mammalian Clathrin-Mediated Endocytosis |
Deciphering the effects of nonsynonymous mutations on protein structure is central to many areas of biomedical research and is of fundamental importance to the study of molecular evolution . Much of the investigation of protein evolution has focused on mutations that leave a protein’s folded structure essentially uncha... | The biological functions of globular proteins are intimately related to their folded structures and their associated conformational fluctuations . Evolution of new structures is an important avenue to new functions . Although many mutations do not change the folded state , experiments indicate that a single amino acid ... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Methods"
] | [
"simulation",
"and",
"modeling",
"mutation",
"substitution",
"mutation",
"mathematics",
"statistics",
"(mathematics)",
"protein",
"structure",
"thermodynamics",
"reaction",
"dynamics",
"physical",
"chemistry",
"research",
"and",
"analysis",
"methods",
"proteins",
"mathemati... | 2016 | Theoretical Insights into the Biophysics of Protein Bi-stability and Evolutionary Switches |
For samples of admixed individuals , it is possible to test for both ancestry effects via admixture mapping and genotype effects via association mapping . Here , we describe a joint test called BMIX that combines admixture and association statistics at single markers . We first perform high-density admixture mapping us... | Most genome-wide association studies performed to date have focused on individuals with European ancestry . Admixed African Americans tend to have disproportionately higher risk for many common , complex diseases . Disease or trait mapping in admixed individuals can benefit from joint analysis of ancestry and genotype ... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"mathematics",
"statistics",
"genetics",
"biology",
"statistical",
"methods",
"genetics",
"and",
"genomics"
] | 2011 | Joint Ancestry and Association Testing in Admixed Individuals |
Genome maintenance in germ cells is critical for fertility and the stable propagation of species . While mechanisms of meiotic DNA repair and chromosome behavior are well-characterized , the same is not true for primordial germ cells ( PGCs ) , which arise and propagate during very early stages of mammalian development... | The precursors to sperm and eggs begin are a group of <100 cells in the embryo , called primordial germ cells ( PGCs ) . They migrate in the primitive embryo to the location of the future gonads , then undergo a rapid proliferation over the next few days to a population of many thousands . Because these cells contain t... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"developmental",
"biology",
"genetics",
"biology",
"and",
"life",
"sciences",
"molecular",
"biology",
"animals",
"organisms"
] | 2014 | Hypersensitivity of Primordial Germ Cells to Compromised Replication-Associated DNA Repair Involves ATM-p53-p21 Signaling |
To complete cell division with high fidelity , cytokinesis must be coordinated with chromosome segregation . Mammalian Polo-like kinase 1 , Plk1 , may function as a critical link because it is required for chromosome segregation and establishment of the cleavage plane following anaphase onset . A central spindle–locali... | The plane of cell division in animal cells is determined by the position of the mitotic spindle during early anaphase , but the molecular signaling that leads to proper formation of the division plane is not fully understood . The actin- and myosin-rich contractile ring , which physically divides a cell in two , locali... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"cell",
"biology/cell",
"growth",
"and",
"division",
"cell",
"biology/cytoskeleton"
] | 2009 | Polo-Like Kinase 1 Directs Assembly of the HsCyk-4 RhoGAP/Ect2 RhoGEF Complex to Initiate Cleavage Furrow Formation |
Bacterial genes that confer crucial phenotypes , such as antibiotic resistance , can spread horizontally by residing on mobile genetic elements ( MGEs ) . Although many mobile genes provide strong benefits to their hosts , the fitness consequences of the process of transfer itself are less clear . In previous studies ,... | In bacteria , genes can move between cells , sometimes with the donor host cell actively involved in the gene transfer mechanisms . This movement of genes is called horizontal gene transfer , and it increases the prevalence of mobile genes in bacterial populations . However , it is not clear if donor host cells benefit... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"antimicrobials",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"viral",
"transmission",
"and",
"infection",
"engineering",
"and",
"technology",
"bacteriophages",
"drugs",
"population",
"genetics",
"plasmids",
"microbiology",
"synthetic",
"biology",
"plasmid",
"construction",
... | 2016 | Indirect Fitness Benefits Enable the Spread of Host Genes Promoting Costly Transfer of Beneficial Plasmids |
Caenorhabditis elegans has traditionally been used as a model for studying nematode biology , but its small size limits the ability for researchers to perform some experiments such as high-throughput tissue-specific gene expression studies . However , the dissection of individual tissues is possible in the parasitic ne... | Tissue-specific gene expression provides fundamental information about the biology of diverse cell types within an organism and interactions among tissues within multicellular organisms . However , such studies are experimentally challenging in smaller organisms such as many nematodes species , including the species ( ... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Methods",
"Results/Discussion",
"Accessions"
] | [
"medicine",
"infectious",
"diseases",
"neglected",
"tropical",
"diseases",
"gastrointestinal",
"infections",
"parasitic",
"diseases"
] | 2014 | Genome-Wide Tissue-Specific Gene Expression, Co-expression and Regulation of Co-expressed Genes in Adult Nematode Ascaris suum |
Current Aedes aegypti larval control methods are often insufficient for preventing dengue epidemics . To improve control efficiency and cost-effectiveness , some advocate eliminating or treating only highly productive containers . The population-level outcome of this strategy , however , will depend on details of Ae . ... | Controlling the mosquito Aedes aegypti , the predominant dengue vector , requires understanding the ecological and behavioral factors that influence population abundance . Females of several mosquito species are able to identify high-quality egg-laying sites , resulting in enhanced offspring development and survival , ... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"medicine",
"public",
"health",
"and",
"epidemiology",
"global",
"health",
"neglected",
"tropical",
"diseases",
"infectious",
"disease",
"control",
"infectious",
"diseases",
"disease",
"ecology",
"dengue",
"fever",
"biology",
"vectors",
"and",
"hosts",
"public",
"heal... | 2012 | Linking Oviposition Site Choice to Offspring Fitness in Aedes aegypti: Consequences for Targeted Larval Control of Dengue Vectors |
Abasic ( AP ) sites in DNA arise through both endogenous and exogenous mechanisms . Since AP sites can prevent replication and transcription , the cell contains systems for their identification and repair . AP endonuclease ( APEX1 ) cleaves the phosphodiester backbone 5′ to the AP site . The cleavage , a key step in th... | Oxidative damage to DNA happens in every cell as a consequence of the life process . Such damage can inhibit DNA replication and RNA transcription; if not repaired , it can lead to cancer . Consequently , all cells contain an important mechanism for identification and repair of oxidative lesions . Two proteins figure p... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Methods"
] | [
"computational",
"biology/molecular",
"dynamics",
"computational",
"biology/macromolecular",
"structure",
"analysis",
"computational",
"biology/macromolecular",
"sequence",
"analysis"
] | 2008 | An AP Endonuclease 1–DNA Polymerase β Complex: Theoretical Prediction of Interacting Surfaces |
Triatoma infestans is the main vector of Chagas disease in South America . As in all hematophagous arthropods , its saliva contains a complex cocktail that assists blood feeding by preventing platelet aggregation and blood clotting and promoting vasodilation . These salivary components can be immunologically recognized... | Triatoma infestans is the main vector of Chagas disease in South America . As in all hematophagous arthropods , its saliva contains a complex cocktail that assists blood feeding by preventing platelet aggregation and blood clotting and promoting vasodilation . These salivary components can be immunologically recognized... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods",
"Results/Discussion"
] | [
"infectious",
"diseases",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"chagas",
"disease",
"neglected",
"tropical",
"diseases",
"vector-borne",
"diseases",
"tropical",
"diseases",
"protozoan",
"infections",
"parasitic",
"diseases"
] | 2014 | An Updated Insight into the Sialotranscriptome of Triatoma infestans: Developmental Stage and Geographic Variations |
A systematic review and meta-analysis of all available case-control studies on the relationship between onchocerciasis and epilepsy . Because age and level of onchocerciasis endemicity in the area of residence are major determinants for infection , an additional analysis was performed , restricted to studies achieving ... | Onchocerciasis is known as a cause of skin and eye disease infecting a great number of people , mainly in rural Africa . In the endemic areas , infection status and severity is essentially determined by the duration and intensity of exposure to the parasite and to host sex . A link between onchocerciasis and epilepsy h... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"medicine",
"infectious",
"diseases",
"infectious",
"diseases",
"of",
"the",
"nervous",
"system",
"epilepsy",
"public",
"health",
"and",
"epidemiology",
"clinical",
"epidemiology",
"epidemiology",
"infectious",
"disease",
"epidemiology",
"neurology",
"neglected",
"tropica... | 2013 | Case-control Studies on the Relationship between Onchocerciasis and Epilepsy: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis |
To maintain a stable intracellular environment , cells utilize complex and specialized defense systems against a variety of external perturbations , such as electrophilic stress , heat shock , and hypoxia , etc . Irrespective of the type of stress , many adaptive mechanisms contributing to cellular homeostasis appear t... | To maintain a stable intracellular environment , cells are equipped with multiple specialized defense programs that are launched in response to various external chemical and physical stressors . These anti-stress mechanisms comprise primarily gene regulatory networks , and like many manmade control devices , such as th... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Result",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"physiology",
"none",
"public",
"health",
"and",
"epidemiology",
"computational",
"biology"
] | 2007 | Dose Response Relationship in Anti-Stress Gene Regulatory Networks |
Neural circuits are dynamic , with activity-dependent changes in synapse density and connectivity peaking during different phases of animal development . In C . elegans , young larvae form mature motor circuits through a dramatic switch in GABAergic neuron connectivity , by concomitant elimination of existing synapses ... | In this study , we identify pathways that regulate the formation and maintenance of synapses , the functional connections between neurons , in the nervous system of the nematode C . elegans . Our work characterizes the interaction between molecular motors kinesin and dynein , which carry cargo and move towards opposite... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"methods"
] | [
"invertebrates",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"nervous",
"system",
"caenorhabditis",
"electrophysiology",
"neurites",
"neuroscience",
"animals",
"motor",
"neurons",
"suppressor",
"genes",
"animal",
"models",
"caenorhabditis",
"elegans",
"dyneins",
"molecular",
... | 2017 | Differential regulation of polarized synaptic vesicle trafficking and synapse stability in neural circuit rewiring in Caenorhabditis elegans |
The Philippines is one of the developing countries highly affected by rabies . Dog vaccination campaigns implemented through collaborative effort between the government and NGOs have played an important role in successfully reducing the burden of disease within the country . Nevertheless , rabies vaccination of the dom... | Rabies is one of the most fatal viral diseases mostly transmitted through a bite of an infected mammal . In many parts of Africa and Asia , rabid dogs are the main transmitters of the disease to humans . In the Philippines , government enforced dog registration laws and government/NGO sponsored mass dog vaccination cam... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"pathology",
"and",
"laboratory",
"medicine",
"demography",
"pathogens",
"immunology",
"tropical",
"diseases",
"geographical",
"locations",
"vertebrates",
"microbiology",
"dogs",
"animals",
"mammals",
"viruses",
"preventive",
"medi... | 2016 | Willingness to Pay for Dog Rabies Vaccine and Registration in Ilocos Norte, Philippines (2012) |
X-linked lymphoproliferative disease ( XLP ) is a primary immunodeficiency caused by mutations in SH2D1A which encodes SAP . SAP functions in signalling pathways elicited by the SLAM family of leukocyte receptors . A defining feature of XLP is exquisite sensitivity to infection with EBV , a B-lymphotropic virus , but n... | X-linked lymphoproliferative disease ( XLP ) is an immunodeficiency caused by mutations in the SH2D1A gene , which encodes a cytoplasmic component , SAP involved in a signalling pathway in certain populations of immune cells . The Achilles' heel in XLP is extreme sensitivity to Epstein-Barr virus ( EBV ) infection . Al... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"medicine",
"infectious",
"diseases",
"clinical",
"immunology",
"immunology",
"biology",
"molecular",
"cell",
"biology"
] | 2011 | Molecular Pathogenesis of EBV Susceptibility in XLP as Revealed by Analysis of Female Carriers with Heterozygous Expression of SAP |
Recent experiments have demonstrated that visual cortex engages in spatio-temporal sequence learning and prediction . The cellular basis of this learning remains unclear , however . Here we present a spiking neural network model that explains a recent study on sequence learning in the primary visual cortex of rats . Th... | A central goal of Neuroscience is to understand the relationship between the structure and function of brain networks . Of particular interest are the circuits of the neocortex , the seat of our highest cognitive abilities . Here we provide a new link between the structure and function of neocortical circuits in the co... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Methods"
] | [
"learning",
"action",
"potentials",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"neural",
"networks",
"nervous",
"system",
"membrane",
"potential",
"brain",
"social",
"sciences",
"electrophysiology",
"neuroscience",
"learning",
"and",
"memory",
"synaptic",
"plasticity",
"c... | 2018 | Bridging structure and function: A model of sequence learning and prediction in primary visual cortex |
Experiments have generated a plethora of data about the genes , molecules , and cells involved in thymocyte development . Here , we use a computer-driven simulation that uses data about thymocyte development to generate an integrated dynamic representation—a novel technology we have termed reactive animation ( RA ) . R... | Biological systems are the embodiment of complexity that defies intuitive understanding . Biologists have accumulated masses of data about the molecules , cells , and discrete interactions that compose living systems , but the list of facts alone cannot explain how such systems work dynamically . We have developed a hy... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"immunology",
"computational",
"biology/systems",
"biology",
"computational",
"biology"
] | 2007 | Emergent Dynamics of Thymocyte Development and Lineage Determination |
Myxococcus xanthus , a model organism for studies of multicellular behavior in bacteria , moves exclusively on solid surfaces using two distinct but coordinated motility mechanisms . One of these , social ( S ) motility is powered by the extension and retraction of type IV pili and requires the presence of exopolysacch... | Collective motility is a key mechanism bacteria use to self-organize into multicellular structures and to adapt to various environments . An important example of such behavior is social ( S ) motility in the gram-negative bacterium Myxococcus xanthus . S-motile cells are restricted to movement in groups and do not move... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Methods"
] | [
"cell",
"physiology",
"cell",
"motility",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"pathology",
"and",
"laboratory",
"medicine",
"pathogens",
"radii",
"geometry",
"prokaryotic",
"models",
"model",
"organisms",
"mathematics",
"population",
"biology",
"waves",
"bacteria",... | 2016 | Colony Expansion of Socially Motile Myxococcus xanthus Cells Is Driven by Growth, Motility, and Exopolysaccharide Production |
Several channels , ranging from TRP receptors to Gap junctions , allow the exchange of small organic solute across cell membrane . However , very little is known about the molecular mechanism of their permeation . Cyclic Nucleotide Gated ( CNG ) channels , despite their homology with K+ channels and in contrast with th... | Cyclic Nucleotide Gated ( CNG ) channels are nonselective cation channels with a key role in sensory transduction . Despite sharing a high homology with K+ channels , they allow the passage of large compounds like dimethylammonium ( DMA ) which are not permeable through K+ channels . We demonstrate that the conduction ... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"and",
"discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"methods"
] | [
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"molecular",
"dynamics",
"crystal",
"structure",
"ions",
"condensed",
"matter",
"physics",
"electrophysiology",
"neuroscience",
"ion",
"channels",
"cyclic",
"nucleotide-gated",
"channels",
"crystallography",
"cations",
"thermodynamic... | 2018 | The permeation mechanism of organic cations through a CNG mimic channel |
Endoplasmic reticulum ( ER ) stress activates the Unfolded Protein Response , a compensatory signaling response that is mediated by the IRE-1 , PERK/PEK-1 , and ATF-6 pathways in metazoans . Genetic studies have implicated roles for UPR signaling in animal development and disease , but the function of the UPR under phy... | Proteins destined for secretion outside of eukaryotic cells are trafficked through the endoplasmic reticulum ( ER ) . Protein folding in the ER involves the activity of chaperones , as well as catalysis of post-translational modifications such as disulfide bond formation and glycosylation . When the folding capacity of... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"cell",
"physiology",
"cellular",
"stress",
"responses",
"immune",
"physiology",
"integrative",
"physiology",
"anatomy",
"and",
"physiology",
"animal",
"models",
"physiological",
"processes",
"caenorhabditis",
"elegans",
"model",
"organisms",
"homeostasis",
"biology",
"ce... | 2011 | Physiological IRE-1-XBP-1 and PEK-1 Signaling in Caenorhabditis elegans Larval Development and Immunity |
Plant autophagy plays an important role in delaying senescence , nutrient recycling , and stress responses . Functional analysis of plant autophagy has almost exclusively focused on the proteins required for the core process of autophagosome assembly , but little is known about the proteins involved in other important ... | Autophagy is an evolutionarily conserved process that sequestrates and delivers cytoplasmic macromolecules and organelles to the vacuoles or lysosomes for degradation . In plants , autophagy is involved in supplying internal nutrients during starvation and in promoting cell survival during senescence and during biotic ... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"plant",
"science",
"plant",
"biology",
"genetics",
"biology",
"molecular",
"cell",
"biology",
"genetics",
"and",
"genomics",
"agriculture"
] | 2013 | NBR1-Mediated Selective Autophagy Targets Insoluble Ubiquitinated Protein Aggregates in Plant Stress Responses |
PMEL is a pigment cell-specific protein that forms physiological amyloid fibrils upon which melanins ultimately deposit in the lumen of the pigment organelle , the melanosome . Whereas hypomorphic PMEL mutations in several species result in a mild pigment dilution that is inherited in a recessive manner , PMEL alleles ... | Amyloid is a protein fold that is normally associated with pathology , such as neurodegeneration in Alzheimer , Parkinson , and Creutzfeldt–Jakob diseases . The amyloid fold has also been exploited by nature for functional purposes; for example , proteolytic fragments of the pigment cell-specific integral membrane prot... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"medicine",
"biochemistry",
"dermatology",
"mental",
"health",
"ophthalmology",
"genetics",
"biology",
"molecular",
"cell",
"biology",
"genetics",
"and",
"genomics"
] | 2011 | Mutations in or near the Transmembrane Domain Alter PMEL Amyloid Formation from Functional to Pathogenic |
Understanding how stochastic molecular fluctuations affect cell behavior requires the quantification of both behavior and protein numbers in the same cells . Here , we combine automated microscopy with in situ hydrogel polymerization to measure single-cell protein expression after tracking swimming behavior . We charac... | Cell-to-cell variations in protein numbers due to random fluctuations at the molecular level lead to cell-to-cell variations in behavior . To maintain predictable responses , signaling networks have evolved robustness against noise , but in some situations phenotypic diversity in a clonal population can be beneficial a... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Methods"
] | [
"fluorescence",
"imaging",
"cell",
"motility",
"swimming",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"light",
"microscopy",
"biological",
"locomotion",
"biomechanics",
"protein",
"expression",
"methylation",
"microscopy",
"molecular",
"biology",
"techniques",
"research",
"... | 2016 | Direct Correlation between Motile Behavior and Protein Abundance in Single Cells |
A temperature independent period and temperature entrainment are two defining features of circadian oscillators . A default model of distributed temperature compensation satisfies these basic facts yet is not easily reconciled with other properties of circadian clocks , such as many mutants with altered but temperature... | Circadian clocks are biological oscillators which evolved to couple the internal rhythm of animals , plants and even some bacteria to the alternation of light and day . Circadian oscillators are temperature compensated , i . e . they keep a 24-h period irrespective of the temperature of the organism . This is surprisin... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Methods"
] | [
"systems",
"biology",
"mathematics",
"theoretical",
"biology",
"applied",
"mathematics",
"biology",
"computational",
"biology"
] | 2012 | Adaptive Temperature Compensation in Circadian Oscillations |
The liver performs many essential metabolic functions , which can be studied using computational models of hepatocytes . Here we present HepatoDyn , a highly detailed dynamic model of hepatocyte metabolism . HepatoDyn includes a large metabolic network , highly detailed kinetic laws , and is capable of dynamically simu... | Despite the key role of hepatocytes in carbohydrate and lipid homeostasis , available dynamic models of hepatocyte metabolism tend to be limited to a single pathway and/or are based on assumptions of constant concentrations of key metabolites involved in redox and energy metabolism ( ATP , NAD , NADPH etc . ) . Further... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"liver",
"chemical",
"compounds",
"phosphates",
"metabolic",
"networks",
"carbohydrates",
"fructoses",
"organic",
"compounds",
"glucose",
"metabolites",
"network",
"analysis",
"molecular",
"biology",
"techniques",
"research",
"and"... | 2016 | HepatoDyn: A Dynamic Model of Hepatocyte Metabolism That Integrates 13C Isotopomer Data |
Leprosy is a disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae where the clinical spectrum correlates with the patient immune response . Erythema Nodosum Leprosum ( ENL ) is an immune-mediated inflammatory complication , which causes significant morbidity in affected leprosy patients . The underlying cause of ENL is not conclusiv... | Leprosy reactions ( Type 1 and 2 ) are important causes of nerve damage and illness . Erythema Nodosum Leprosum ( ENL ) also called type 2 reaction is a severe systemic immune-mediated complication of borderline and lepromatous leprosy . ENL causes high morbidity and thus requires immediate medical attention . We recru... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Materials",
"and",
"methods",
"Results",
"Discussions"
] | [
"blood",
"cells",
"flow",
"cytometry",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"immune",
"cells",
"pathology",
"and",
"laboratory",
"medicine",
"immunology",
"tropical",
"diseases",
"bacterial",
"diseases",
"signs",
"and",
"symptoms",
"neglected",
"tropical",
"diseas... | 2017 | T-cell regulation in Erythema Nodosum Leprosum |
Stem cell maintenance is established by neighboring niche cells that promote stem cell self-renewal . However , it is poorly understood how stem cell activity is regulated by systemic , tissue-extrinsic signals in response to environmental cues and changes in physiological status . Here , we show that neuropeptide F ( ... | Communication between different organs is essential to respond quickly to environmental cues or changes in the physiological status of an organism . Recent studies have shown the existence of humoral factors or hormones , which are transported by the circulatory system to different organs and achieve coordination betwe... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"methods"
] | [
"invertebrates",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"reproductive",
"system",
"rna",
"interference",
"neuroscience",
"animals",
"animal",
"models",
"drosophila",
"melanogaster",
"model",
"organisms",
"stem",
"cells",
"experimental",
"organism",
"systems",
"epigeneti... | 2018 | Midgut-derived neuropeptide F controls germline stem cell proliferation in a mating-dependent manner |
Fatty acid ( FA ) metabolism is deregulated in several human diseases including metabolic syndrome , type 2 diabetes and cancers . Therefore , FA-metabolic enzymes are potential targets for drug therapy , although the consequence of these treatments must be precisely evaluated at the organismal and cellular levels . In... | Consumption of sugar and lipid ( fat ) enriched food increases the risk of developing metabolic diseases and cancers . However , lipids are essential molecules for life , as they are the major components of cell membranes . Metabolism refers to biochemical reactions that transform nutrients into molecules required by a... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [] | 2015 | Fatty Acid Synthase Cooperates with Glyoxalase 1 to Protect against Sugar Toxicity |
The polymerase chain reaction ( PCR ) and nucleic acid sequence-based amplification ( NASBA ) have been recently modified by coupling to oligochromatography ( OC ) for easy and fast visualisation of products . In this study we evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of the PCR-OC and NASBA-OC for diagnosis of Trypanos... | Diagnosis plays a central role in the control of human African trypanosomiasis ( HAT ) whose mainstay in disease control is chemotherapy . However , accurate diagnosis is hampered by the absence of sensitive techniques for parasite detection . Without concentrating the blood , detection thresholds can be as high as 10 ... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"infectious",
"diseases/protozoal",
"infections",
"infectious",
"diseases/neglected",
"tropical",
"diseases",
"infectious",
"diseases/epidemiology",
"and",
"control",
"of",
"infectious",
"diseases"
] | 2010 | Phase II Evaluation of Sensitivity and Specificity of PCR and NASBA Followed by Oligochromatography for Diagnosis of Human African Trypanosomiasis in Clinical Samples from D.R. Congo and Uganda |
Vaccination is highly effective in preventing various infectious diseases , whereas the constant threat of new emerging pathogens necessitates the development of innovative vaccination principles that also confer rapid protection in a case of emergency . Although increasing evidence points to T cell immunity playing a ... | Prophylactic use of vaccinia virus allowed eradication of human smallpox , one of the greatest successes in medicine . However there are concerns that variola virus , the infectious agent of smallpox , may be used as bioterroristic weapon and zoonotic monkeypox or cowpox remain threatening infections in humans . Thus ,... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"medicine",
"vaccination",
"infectious",
"diseases",
"clinical",
"immunology",
"immunity",
"virology",
"immunology",
"biology",
"microbiology",
"viral",
"diseases"
] | 2012 | Critical Role of Perforin-dependent CD8+ T Cell Immunity for Rapid Protective Vaccination in a Murine Model for Human Smallpox |
Mutational neighbourhoods in genotype-phenotype ( GP ) maps are widely believed to be more likely to share characteristics than expected from random chance . Such genetic correlations should strongly influence evolutionary dynamics . We explore and quantify these intuitions by comparing three GP maps—a model for RNA se... | Evolutionary dynamics arise from the interplay of mutations acting on genotypes and natural selection acting on phenotypes . Understanding the structure of the genotype-phenotype ( GP ) map is therefore critical for understanding evolutionary processes . We address a simple question about structure: Are the genotypes p... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"mutation",
"protein",
"structure",
"molecular",
"biology",
"techniques",
"research",
"and",
"analysis",
"methods",
"rna",
"structure",
"gene",
"mapping",
"proteins",
"structural",
"proteins",
"biophysics",
"molecular",
"biology",
"physics",
"protein",
"structure",
"com... | 2016 | Genetic Correlations Greatly Increase Mutational Robustness and Can Both Reduce and Enhance Evolvability |
Clonal expansion of HIV infected cells plays an important role in the formation and persistence of the reservoir that allows the virus to persist , in DNA form , despite effective antiretroviral therapy . We used integration site analysis to ask if there is a similar clonal expansion of SIV infected cells in macaques .... | Although antiretroviral therapy ( ART ) effectively blocks HIV replication , infected people are not cured . As a part of its normal replication cycle , HIV inserts ( integrates ) a DNA copy of its genome into the genome of infected host cells , which allows the virus to persist as long as the infected cells survive . ... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"methods"
] | [
"blood",
"cells",
"hiv",
"infections",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"immune",
"cells",
"pathology",
"and",
"laboratory",
"medicine",
"pathogens",
"immunology",
"microbiology",
"vertebrates",
"cloning",
"human",
"genomics",
"animals",
"mammals",
"retroviruses... | 2019 | Clonal expansion of SIV-infected cells in macaques on antiretroviral therapy is similar to that of HIV-infected cells in humans |
Pandemics of vector-borne human and plant diseases often depend on the behaviors of their arthropod vectors . Arboviruses , including many bunyaviruses , manipulate vector behavior to accelerate their own transmission to vertebrates , birds , insects , and plants . However , the molecular mechanism underlying this mani... | Most bunyaviruses are transmitted by arthropod vectors , and some of them can modify the behaviors of their arthropod vectors to increase transmission to mammals , birds , and plants . NSs is a non-structural bunyavirus protein with multiple functions that acts as an avirulence determinant and silencing suppressor . In... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"methods"
] | [
"plant",
"anatomy",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"ecology",
"and",
"environmental",
"sciences",
"terpenes",
"pathology",
"and",
"laboratory",
"medicine",
"chemical",
"compounds",
"viral",
"transmission",
"and",
"infection",
"pathogens",
"brassica",
"microbio... | 2019 | The Orthotospovirus nonstructural protein NSs suppresses plant MYC-regulated jasmonate signaling leading to enhanced vector attraction and performance |
Zika virus ( ZIKV ) is primarily transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes in the subgenus Stegomyia but can also be transmitted sexually and vertically in humans . STAT1 is an important downstream factor that mediates type I and II interferon signaling . In the current study , we showed that mice with STAT1 knockout ( Stat1-/- ... | Zika virus ( ZIKV ) is transmitted mainly by mosquito bites and can also be transmitted between humans by sex or from pregnant women to their babies . ZIKV infection causes damage in many tissues including the brain in adults and newborns , making ZIKV infection an important health issue globally . To develop new tools... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"methods"
] | [
"blood",
"cells",
"invertebrates",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"body",
"fluids",
"immune",
"physiology",
"pathology",
"and",
"laboratory",
"medicine",
"immune",
"cells",
"spleen",
"pathogens",
"immunology",
"microbiology",
"animals",
"animal",
"models",
"... | 2018 | Establishment of a mouse model for the complete mosquito-mediated transmission cycle of Zika virus |
Conventional diagnostic methods for human ascariasis are based on the detection of Ascaris lumbricoides eggs in stool samples . However , studies of ascariasis in pigs have shown that the prevalence and the number of eggs detected in the stool do not correlate well with exposure of the herd to the parasite . On the oth... | Ascariasis is a neglected tropical disease caused by the intestinal nematode Ascaris lumbricoides that affects hundreds of millions of people in the developing world . Current methods for diagnosis of this infection are based on detecting eggs in the stool that are excreted by adult Ascaris worms . However , these meth... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"invertebrates",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"enzyme-linked",
"immunoassays",
"immune",
"physiology",
"body",
"fluids",
"pathology",
"and",
"laboratory",
"medicine",
"immunology",
"parasitic",
"diseases",
"animals",
"age",
"groups",
"adults",
"ascaris",
"as... | 2016 | Community Rates of IgG4 Antibodies to Ascaris Haemoglobin Reflect Changes in Community Egg Loads Following Mass Drug Administration |
The microenvironment of lymphoid organs can aid healthy immune function through provision of both structural and molecular support . In mice , fibroblastic reticular cells ( FRCs ) create an essential T-cell support structure within lymph nodes , while human FRCs are largely unstudied . Here , we show that FRCs create ... | The lymph node microenvironment contains an abundance of immune cells that interact with and within an intricate structural framework created by fibroblastic reticular cells . In mice , fibroblastic reticular cells are known to regulate T-cell activation , proliferation , and function , but in humans , they are poorly ... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"methods"
] | [
"blood",
"cells",
"flow",
"cytometry",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"immune",
"cells",
"cell",
"cycle",
"and",
"cell",
"division",
"immunology",
"cell",
"processes",
"reticulocytes",
"cell",
"differentiation",
"throat",
"bone",
"marrow",
"cells",
"develo... | 2018 | The human lymph node microenvironment unilaterally regulates T-cell activation and differentiation |
Bioinvasion is a major public health issue because it can lead to the introduction of pathogens in new areas and favours the emergence of zoonotic diseases . Rodents are prominent invasive species , and act as reservoirs in many zoonotic infectious diseases . The aim of this study was to determine the link between the ... | Biological invasions ( the introduction and adaptation of living organisms to a new environment ) are increasingly frequent due to worldwide intensification of human-associated exchanges . They can lead to the introduction of pathogens in new areas and favour the emergence of diseases . Rodents are prominent invasive s... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Materials",
"and",
"methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"species",
"colonization",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"ecology",
"and",
"environmental",
"sciences",
"invasive",
"species",
"geographical",
"locations",
"vertebrates",
"parasitic",
"diseases",
"parasitic",
"protozoans",
"animals",
"mammals",
"organisms",
"pr... | 2018 | Leishmania major and Trypanosoma lewisi infection in invasive and native rodents in Senegal |
Influenza A virus ( IAV ) infection can be severe or even lethal in toddlers , the elderly and patients with certain medical conditions . Infection of apparently healthy individuals nonetheless accounts for many severe disease cases and deaths , suggesting that viruses with increased pathogenicity co-circulate with pan... | Influenza A viruses are the causative agents of annual epidemics , sporadic zoonotic outbreaks and occasionally pandemics . Worldwide , acute respiratory infections caused by influenza A viruses continue to be one of the main causes of acute illness and death . The appearance in 2009 of a new H1N1 pandemic influenza st... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"methods"
] | [
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"microbial",
"mutation",
"pathology",
"and",
"laboratory",
"medicine",
"influenza",
"pathogens",
"microbiology",
"dna-binding",
"proteins",
"viral",
"structure",
"orthomyxoviruses",
"viruses",
"rna",
"viruses",
"polymerases",
"infe... | 2017 | Reduced accumulation of defective viral genomes contributes to severe outcome in influenza virus infected patients |
Eliminating Rhodesian sleeping sickness , the zoonotic form of Human African Trypanosomiasis , can be achieved only through interventions against the vectors , species of tsetse ( Glossina ) . The use of insecticide-treated cattle is the most cost-effective method of controlling tsetse but its impact might be compromis... | Eliminating Rhodesian sleeping sickness , the zoonotic form of Human African Trypanosomiasis found in East and Southern Africa , can be achieved only through eliminating the vectors , species of tsetse fly ( Glossina ) . The deployment of insecticide-treated cattle is the most cost-effective means of achieving this . H... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"medicine",
"infectious",
"diseases",
"veterinary",
"diseases",
"pest",
"control",
"zoonotic",
"diseases",
"neglected",
"tropical",
"diseases",
"biology",
"population",
"biology",
"infectious",
"disease",
"modeling",
"veterinary",
"science",
"agriculture",
"trypanosomiasis"... | 2011 | Is the Even Distribution of Insecticide-Treated Cattle Essential for Tsetse Control? Modelling the Impact of Baits in Heterogeneous Environments |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.