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article stringlengths 4.36k 149k | summary stringlengths 32 3.35k | section_headings listlengths 1 91 | keywords listlengths 0 141 | year stringclasses 13
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Biomolecular pathways are built from diverse types of pairwise interactions , ranging from physical protein-protein interactions and modifications to indirect regulatory relationships . One goal of systems biology is to bridge three aspects of this complexity: the growing body of high-throughput data assaying these int... | To maintain the complexity of living biological systems , many proteins must interact in a coordinated manner to integrate their unique functions into a cooperative system . Pathways are typically constructed to capture modular subsets of this dynamic network , each made up of a collection of biomolecular interactions ... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"computational",
"biology/systems",
"biology",
"computational",
"biology/genomics",
"computational",
"biology"
] | 2010 | Simultaneous Genome-Wide Inference of Physical, Genetic, Regulatory, and Functional Pathway Components |
Attractor networks successfully account for psychophysical and neurophysiological data in various decision-making tasks . Especially their ability to model persistent activity , a property of many neurons involved in decision-making , distinguishes them from other approaches . Stable decision attractors are , however ,... | A recent psychophysical experiment showed that participants do adjust their decisions ( change their mind ) based on further evidence , which was processed only after the first decision was made . The established notion of ( perceptual ) decision-making as a decision variable evolving in time until a termination criter... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Methods"
] | [
"cognitive",
"neuroscience",
"computational",
"neuroscience",
"biology",
"neuroscience"
] | 2011 | Changes of Mind in an Attractor Network of Decision-Making |
The World Health Organization ( WHO ) has set ambitious time-bound targets for the control and elimination of neglected tropical diseases ( NTDs ) . Investing in NTDs is not only seen as good value for money , but is also advocated as a pro-poor policy since it would improve population health in the poorest populations... | The World Health Organization ( WHO ) has set ambitious time-bound targets for the control and elimination of neglected tropical diseases ( NTDs ) . Investing in NTDs is seen as good value for money and as a pro-poor policy . We analyzed 1990 and 2010 burden estimates from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010 for ni... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"public",
"and",
"occupational",
"health",
"infectious",
"diseases",
"helminth",
"infections",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"zoonoses",
"socioeconomic",
"aspects",
"of",
"health",
"chagas",
"disease",
"global",
"health",
"neglected",
"tropical",
"diseases",
... | 2016 | Between-Country Inequalities in the Neglected Tropical Disease Burden in 1990 and 2010, with Projections for 2020 |
The p12 protein of the murine leukemia virus ( MLV ) is a constituent of the pre-integration complex ( PIC ) but its function in this complex remains unknown . We developed an imaging system to monitor MLV PIC trafficking in live cells . This allowed the visualization of PIC docking to mitotic chromosomes and its relea... | Retroviruses , including the murine leukemia virus ( MLV ) , reverse transcribe their RNA genome to a DNA copy , which travels from the cytoplasm to the nucleus as part of a ‘pre-integration complex’ ( PIC ) , to integrate into cellular chromosomes . The viral p12 protein is a constituent of the MLV PIC , but its funct... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"medicine",
"cellular",
"structures",
"viruses",
"and",
"cancer",
"retrovirology",
"and",
"hiv",
"immunopathogenesis",
"microbiology",
"host-pathogen",
"interaction",
"viral",
"vectors",
"immunodeficiency",
"viruses",
"mitosis",
"viral",
"preintegration",
"complex",
"cell",... | 2012 | p12 Tethers the Murine Leukemia Virus Pre-integration Complex to Mitotic Chromosomes |
Early events in the human airways determining whether exposure to Mycobacterium tuberculosis ( Mtb ) results in acquisition of infection are poorly understood . Epithelial cells are the dominant cell type in the lungs , but little is known about their role in tuberculosis . We hypothesised that human primary airway epi... | Mycobacterium tuberculosis ( Mtb ) is the causative agent of tuberculosis , which remains a major public health burden today . In the majority of cases , infection is acquired by inhalation of aerosolised bacteria . Mtb is thought to target alveolar macrophages in the lower airways to establish infection . However , th... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Methods"
] | [
"reverse",
"transcriptase-polymerase",
"chain",
"reaction",
"blood",
"cells",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"immune",
"cells",
"respiratory",
"infections",
"immunology",
"pulmonology",
"epithelial",
"cells",
"molecular",
"biology",
"techniques",
"bacteria",
"re... | 2017 | Innate activation of human primary epithelial cells broadens the host response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis in the airways |
Mycolactone A/B is a lipophilic macrocyclic polyketide that is the primary virulence factor produced by Mycobacterium ulcerans , a human pathogen and the causative agent of Buruli ulcer . In M . ulcerans strain Agy99 the mycolactone polyketide synthase ( PKS ) locus spans a 120 kb region of a 174 kb megaplasmid . Here ... | Buruli ulcer ( BU ) is a serious skin infection of humans predominantly occurring in West and Central Africa . The disease is caused by infection with Mycobacterium ulcerans , a bacterium that produces an unusual toxin called mycolactone . There are many unanswered questions surrounding BU , particularly regarding the ... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"genetics",
"and",
"genomics/gene",
"expression"
] | 2009 | Mycolactone Gene Expression Is Controlled by Strong SigA-Like Promoters with Utility in Studies of Mycobacterium ulcerans and Buruli Ulcer |
The CSB-PGBD3 fusion protein arose more than 43 million years ago when a 2 . 5-kb piggyBac 3 ( PGBD3 ) transposon inserted into intron 5 of the Cockayne syndrome Group B ( CSB ) gene in the common ancestor of all higher primates . As a result , full-length CSB is now coexpressed with an abundant CSB-PGBD3 fusion protei... | Cockayne syndrome ( CS ) is a terrible and ultimately fatal childhood progeria often caused by mutations in the CSB chromatin remodeling and DNA repair protein . A piggyBac transposable element invaded the CSB gene about 43 million years ago , before humans diverged from marmosets . However , this last common ancestor ... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"protein",
"interactions",
"genome",
"evolution",
"dna-binding",
"proteins",
"molecular",
"cell",
"biology",
"dna",
"immune",
"system",
"proteins",
"transposons",
"proteins",
"biology",
"evolutionary",
"genetics",
"molecular",
"biology",
"aging",
"biochemistry",
"nucleic"... | 2012 | Tethering of the Conserved piggyBac Transposase Fusion Protein CSB-PGBD3 to Chromosomal AP-1 Proteins Regulates Expression of Nearby Genes in Humans |
In bacteria , double-strand break ( DSB ) repair via homologous recombination is thought to be initiated through the bi-directional degradation and resection of DNA ends by a helicase-nuclease complex such as AddAB . The activity of AddAB has been well-studied in vitro , with translocation speeds between 400–2000 bp/s ... | Double-strand breaks ( DSBs ) are a threat to genome integrity and are faithfully repaired via homologous recombination . The initial processing of DSB ends that prepares them for recombination has been well-studied in vitro , but is less well characterized in vivo . We describe a deep sequencing-based assay for assess... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"methods"
] | [
"sequencing",
"techniques",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"caulobacter",
"nucleases",
"enzymes",
"dna-binding",
"proteins",
"enzymology",
"surgical",
"and",
"invasive",
"medical",
"procedures",
"dna",
"molecular",
"biology",
"techniques",
"bacteria",
"homologou... | 2017 | Global analysis of double-strand break processing reveals in vivo properties of the helicase-nuclease complex AddAB |
Mitochondrial import of pyruvate by the mitochondrial pyruvate carrier ( MPC ) is a central step which links cytosolic and mitochondrial intermediary metabolism . To investigate the role of the MPC in mammalian physiology and development , we generated a mouse strain with complete loss of MPC1 expression . This resulte... | The tight control of cellular metabolism and energy production plays a crucial role during embryonic development , cancer and neurodegenerative disorders . We show that mitochondrial pyruvate carrier deficiency in mice causes metabolic alterations that result in lactic acidosis , neurotransmitter imbalance , energy def... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Material",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"chemical",
"compounds",
"metabolic",
"processes",
"ketones",
"diet",
"pyruvate",
"developmental",
"biology",
"metabolomics",
"nutrition",
"metabolites",
"mitochondria",
"molecular",
"biology",
"techniques",
"bioenergetics",
"embryos... | 2016 | Embryonic Lethality of Mitochondrial Pyruvate Carrier 1 Deficient Mouse Can Be Rescued by a Ketogenic Diet |
The mechanisms used to coordinate uterine contractions are not known . We develop a new model based on the proposal that there is a maximum distance to which action potentials can propagate in the uterine wall . This establishes “regions” , where one action potential burst can rapidly recruit all the tissue . Regions a... | How does the pregnant uterus coordinate a kilogram of smooth muscle tissue into repetitive , synchronous , organ-level contractions of human labor ? Action potential propagation recruits tissue for contraction over short distances , but a single action potential sweeping through the uterus cannot explain organ-level fu... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"women's",
"health",
"maternal",
"health",
"obstetrics",
"and",
"gynecology",
"pregnancy"
] | 2014 | Linking Myometrial Physiology to Intrauterine Pressure; How Tissue-Level Contractions Create Uterine Contractions of Labor |
In schistosomiasis control programmes using mass chemotherapy , epidemiological and morbidity aspects of the disease need to be studied so as to monitor the impact of treatment , and make recommendations accordingly . These aspects were examined in the community of Musoli village along Lake Victoria in Mayuge district ... | Schistosoma mansoni infection is one of the Neglected Tropical Diseases ( NTDs ) that perpetuate poverty , especially in Sub Saharan Africa . It is associated with hepatomegaly , splenomegaly or hepatosplenomegaly , liver fibrosis and anaemia . Control of schistosomiasis is now a priority in most endemic countries in A... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"biology"
] | 2013 | A Very High Infection Intensity of Schistosoma mansoni in a Ugandan Lake Victoria Fishing Community Is Required for Association with Highly Prevalent Organ Related Morbidity |
Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms ( SNPs ) in genes involved in the DNA Base Excision Repair ( BER ) pathway could be associated with cancer risk in carriers of mutations in the high-penetrance susceptibility genes BRCA1 and BRCA2 , given the relation of synthetic lethality that exists between one of the components of th... | Women harboring a germ-line mutation in the BRCA1 or BRCA2 genes have a high lifetime risk to develop breast and/or ovarian cancer . However , not all carriers develop cancer and high variability exists regarding age of onset of the disease and type of tumor . One of the causes of this variability lies in other genetic... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"genetics",
"biology",
"and",
"life",
"sciences",
"cancer",
"genetics"
] | 2014 | DNA Glycosylases Involved in Base Excision Repair May Be Associated with Cancer Risk in BRCA1 and BRCA2 Mutation Carriers |
Allocation of goods is a key feature in defining the connection between the individual and the collective scale in any society . Both the process by which goods are to be distributed , and the resulting allocation to the members of the society may affect the success of the population as a whole . One of the most striki... | We study how food is distributed in colonies of ants . Food collected by a small fraction of ants is distributed throughout the colony through a series of mouth-to-mouth interactions . An interesting interplay exists between food dissemination and food mixing within the colony . High levels of dissemination are importa... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"methods"
] | [
"invertebrates",
"fluorescence",
"imaging",
"interaction",
"networks",
"sociology",
"social",
"sciences",
"animals",
"social",
"systems",
"animal",
"behavior",
"crops",
"zoology",
"animal",
"sociality",
"thermodynamics",
"research",
"and",
"analysis",
"methods",
"hymenopt... | 2019 | Colony entropy—Allocation of goods in ant colonies |
Alternative splicing generates protein diversity and allows for post-transcriptional gene regulation . Estimates suggest that 10% of the genes in Caenorhabditis elegans undergo alternative splicing . We constructed a splicing-sensitive microarray to detect alternative splicing for 352 cassette exons and tested for chan... | Alternative splicing is a mechanism for generating more than one messenger RNA from a given gene . The alternative transcripts can encode different proteins that share some regions in common but have modified functions , thus increasing the number of proteins encoded by the genome . Alternative splicing can also lead t... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Methods"
] | [
"developmental",
"biology/molecular",
"development",
"molecular",
"biology/mrna",
"stability",
"molecular",
"biology/rna",
"splicing"
] | 2008 | Alternative Splicing Regulation During C. elegans Development: Splicing Factors as Regulated Targets |
Organisms are structurally robust , as cells accommodate changes preserving structural integrity and function . The molecular mechanisms underlying structural robustness and plasticity are poorly understood , but can be investigated by probing how cells respond to injury . Injury to the CNS induces proliferation of enw... | The process of tissue regeneration has long been studied as a route to understanding what promotes structural robustness of cellular networks in animals . In the central nervous system ( CNS ) , neurons and glia interact throughout adult life and during learning , at the same time accommodating functional changes while... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"cell",
"death",
"molecular",
"neuroscience",
"neurobiology",
"of",
"disease",
"and",
"regeneration",
"mitogenic",
"signaling",
"animal",
"genetics",
"cancer",
"genetics",
"genetic",
"mutation",
"gene",
"regulation",
"signaling",
"in",
"selected",
"disciplines",
"neuros... | 2011 | The Glial Regenerative Response to Central Nervous System Injury Is Enabled by Pros-Notch and Pros-NFκB Feedback |
Immunoglobulin A is a class of antibodies produced by the adaptive immune system and secreted into the gut lumen to fight pathogenic bacteria . We recently demonstrated that the main physical effect of these antibodies is to enchain daughter bacteria , i . e . to cross-link bacteria into clusters as they divide , preve... | Inside the organism , the immune system can fight generically against any bacteria . However , the gut lumen is home to a very important microbiota , so the host has to find alternative ways to fight dangerous bacteria while sparing beneficial ones . While many studies have focused on the complex molecular and cellular... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Models",
"and",
"methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"immune",
"physiology",
"microbiome",
"pathology",
"and",
"laboratory",
"medicine",
"pathogens",
"immunology",
"microbiology",
"epithelial",
"cells",
"bacterial",
"diseases",
"enterobacteriaceae",
"antibodies",
"bacteria",
"bacterial... | 2019 | Enchained growth and cluster dislocation: A possible mechanism for microbiota homeostasis |
Quorum sensing is a process of chemical communication that bacteria use to monitor cell density and coordinate cooperative behaviors . Quorum sensing relies on extracellular signal molecules and cognate receptor pairs . While a single quorum-sensing system is sufficient to probe cell density , bacteria frequently use m... | Quorum sensing is a mechanism through which bacteria communicate by producing , releasing , and detecting signal molecules encoding information about cell population density . Quorum sensing allows bacteria to synchronize their behaviors and act as collectives . Often , quorum sensing controls cooperative behaviors tha... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"pathology",
"and",
"laboratory",
"medicine",
"engineering",
"and",
"technology",
"pathogens",
"bacillus",
"microbiology",
"electromagnetic",
"radiation",
"regression",
"analysis",
"prokaryotic",
"models",
"luminescent",
"proteins",
... | 2016 | Social Evolution Selects for Redundancy in Bacterial Quorum Sensing |
Proper protein folding in the endoplasmic reticulum ( ER ) is vital in all eukaryotes . When misfolded proteins accumulate in the ER lumen , the transmembrane kinase/endoribonuclease Ire1 initiates splicing of HAC1 mRNA to generate the bZIP transcription factor Hac1 , which subsequently activates its target genes to in... | The majority of secretory and transmembrane proteins are structurally matured in the endoplasmic reticulum ( ER ) . The accumulation of misfolded proteins in the ER ( ER stress ) activates the ER-resident stress transducer Ire1 , which has two distinct outputs: the unfolded protein response ( UPR ) and regulated Ire1-d... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"mycology",
"cellular",
"stress",
"responses",
"model",
"organisms",
"molecular",
"cell",
"biology",
"cell",
"biology",
"yeast",
"and",
"fungal",
"models",
"biology",
"microbiology",
"candida",
"albicans"
] | 2013 | Dissection of Ire1 Functions Reveals Stress Response Mechanisms Uniquely Evolved in Candida glabrata |
Cyclic GMP-AMP synthase ( cGAS ) senses viral DNA in the cytosol and then catalyzes synthesis of the second messenger cGAMP , which activates the ER-localized adaptor protein Mediator of IRF3 Activator ( MITA ) to initiate innate antiviral response . Human cytomegalovirus ( HCMV ) proteins can antagonize host immune re... | Recognition of viral DNA by the cytosolic DNA sensor cGAS and subsequent induction of type I IFNs via the cGAS-MITA signaling axis are important for host antiviral innate immunity . The human cytomegalovirus ( HCMV ) causes complications in immunodeficient populations and is a major cause of birth defects . It is known... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"methods"
] | [
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"antiviral",
"immune",
"response",
"pathology",
"and",
"laboratory",
"medicine",
"molecular",
"probe",
"techniques",
"pathogens",
"immunology",
"microbiology",
"immunoblotting",
"cytomegalovirus",
"infection",
"plasmid",
"constructio... | 2019 | Human cytomegalovirus protein UL42 antagonizes cGAS/MITA-mediated innate antiviral response |
Forkhead-box protein P2 is a transcription factor that has been associated with intriguing aspects of cognitive function in humans , non-human mammals , and song-learning birds . Heterozygous mutations of the human FOXP2 gene cause a monogenic speech and language disorder . Reduced functional dosage of the mouse versio... | Foxp2 codes for an intriguing regulatory protein that provides a window into unusual aspects of brain function in multiple species . For example , the gene is implicated in speech and language disorders in humans , song learning in songbirds , and learning of rapid movement sequences in mice . Foxp2 acts by tuning the ... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"neurolinguistics",
"molecular",
"neuroscience",
"gene",
"networks",
"animal",
"genetics",
"neuroscience",
"gene",
"function",
"molecular",
"genetics",
"developmental",
"neuroscience",
"gene",
"expression",
"biology",
"cellular",
"neuroscience",
"genetics",
"genomics",
"gen... | 2011 | Foxp2 Regulates Gene Networks Implicated in Neurite Outgrowth in the Developing Brain |
Gene-specific , age-dependent regulations are common at the transcriptional and translational levels , while protein transport into organelles is generally thought to be constitutive . Here we report a new level of differential age-dependent regulation and show that chloroplast proteins are divided into three age-selec... | It is well known that some genes are preferentially transcribed in young tissues and others are specifically expressed in aging tissue , but protein import into organelles is generally thought to be constitutive and independent of age . In this study , we find that , contrary to expectation , in higher plants the impor... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"chloroplast",
"cell",
"biology",
"plant",
"cell",
"biology",
"membranes",
"and",
"sorting",
"biology",
"molecular",
"cell",
"biology"
] | 2012 | Differential Age-Dependent Import Regulation by Signal Peptides |
Anaphase onset is an irreversible cell cycle transition that is triggered by the activation of the protease Separase . Separase cleaves the Mcd1 ( also known as Scc1 ) subunit of Cohesin , a complex of proteins that physically links sister chromatids , triggering sister chromatid separation . Separase is regulated by t... | The fidelity of chromosome segregation is essential for the survival of cells after cell division . Mis-regulation of chromosome segregation can lead to aneuploidy which is associated with many cancers , and may initiate the formation of a cancerous cell . Chromosome segregation is triggered by the cleavage of one subu... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"methods"
] | [
"phosphorylation",
"anaphase",
"cell",
"cycle",
"and",
"cell",
"division",
"metabolic",
"processes",
"cell",
"processes",
"chromatids",
"hormones",
"plant",
"science",
"immunoprecipitation",
"plant",
"hormones",
"proteolysis",
"molecular",
"biology",
"techniques",
"resear... | 2018 | Cdk1 phosphorylation of Esp1/Separase functions with PP2A and Slk19 to regulate pericentric Cohesin and anaphase onset |
Echinocandins are a new generation of novel antifungal agent that inhibit cell wall β ( 1 , 3 ) -glucan synthesis and are normally cidal for the human pathogen Candida albicans . Treatment of C . albicans with low levels of echinocandins stimulated chitin synthase ( CHS ) gene expression , increased Chs activity , elev... | Fungal pathogens are increasingly important agents of human disease and are also difficult to treat since few antifungal agents kill the invading organism . The cell wall of a fungus is essential for its viability and this can be attacked by a new generation of antifungal antibiotics called echinocandins . Echinocandin... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"cell",
"biology/microbial",
"physiology",
"and",
"metabolism",
"molecular",
"biology/post-translational",
"regulation",
"of",
"gene",
"expression",
"infectious",
"diseases/fungal",
"infections",
"cell",
"biology/cell",
"growth",
"and",
"division",
"cell",
"biology/microbial"... | 2008 | Stimulation of Chitin Synthesis Rescues Candida albicans from Echinocandins |
Obesity is characterized by accumulation of excess body fat , while lipodystrophy is characterized by loss or absence of body fat . Despite their opposite phenotypes , these two conditions both cause ectopic lipid storage in non-adipose tissues , leading to lipotoxicity , which has health-threatening consequences . The... | Obesity and lipodystrophy are medical conditions characterized by excess body fat or too little body fat , respectively . Interestingly , a common feature of both conditions is ectopic accumulation of lipids ( fat ) in cells where fat is not normally stored . This can cause tissue damage with health-threatening consequ... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"cell",
"biology/microbial",
"physiology",
"and",
"metabolism",
"diabetes",
"and",
"endocrinology/obesity",
"genetics",
"and",
"genomics/disease",
"models",
"genetics",
"and",
"genomics/genetics",
"of",
"disease"
] | 2011 | Tissue-Autonomous Function of Drosophila Seipin in Preventing Ectopic Lipid Droplet Formation |
A fundamental understanding of behavior requires predicting when and what an individual will choose . However , the actual temporal and sequential dynamics of successive choices made among multiple alternatives remain unclear . In the current study , we tested the hypothesis that there is a general bursting property in... | To understand spontaneous animal behavior , two key elements must be explained: when an action is made and what is chosen . Here , we conducted a foraging experiment in which rats chose among four different foods over a continuous two-week time period . With respect to when , we found bursts of rapidly occurring respon... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Models",
"Discussion",
"Conclusions",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"behavioral",
"neuroscience",
"computational",
"neuroscience",
"biology",
"and",
"life",
"sciences",
"computational",
"biology",
"neuroscience"
] | 2014 | Bursts and Heavy Tails in Temporal and Sequential Dynamics of Foraging Decisions |
The regulation of Extracellular regulated kinase ( Erk ) activity is a key aspect of signalling by pathways activated by extracellular ligands acting through tyrosine kinase transmembrane receptors . In this process , participate proteins with kinase activity that phosphorylate and activate Erk , as well as different p... | Extracellular regulated kinases ( Erk ) mediate signalling by pathways activated by tyrosine kinase transmembrane receptors . The level of activated Erk depends on a highly regulated balance between cytoplasmic kinases and nuclear/cytoplasmic phosphatases , which determine the state of Erk phosphorylation . This affect... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [] | 2013 | Tay Bridge Is a Negative Regulator of EGFR Signalling and Interacts with Erk and Mkp3 in the Drosophila melanogaster Wing |
During the last 50 years , the geographic range of the mosquito Aedes aegypti has increased dramatically , in parallel with a sharp increase in the disease burden from the viruses it transmits , including Zika , chikungunya , and dengue . There is a growing consensus that vector control is essential to prevent Aedes-bo... | Despite the growing threat of arboviruses , there is a dearth of ‘best practices’ for the primary vector control tools used in the field . In the absence of cluster randomized control trials , evidence on the utility ( or lack thereof ) of vector control interventions must be gleaned from ongoing control programs . Mot... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"methods"
] | [
"invertebrates",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"atmospheric",
"science",
"animals",
"materials",
"science",
"surface",
"properties",
"infectious",
"disease",
"control",
"insect",
"vectors",
"surface",
"temperature",
"infectious",
"diseases",
"geography",
"agroc... | 2019 | Estimating the impact of city-wide Aedes aegypti population control: An observational study in Iquitos, Peru |
Prevention and control of wildlife disease invasions relies on the ability to predict spatio-temporal dynamics and understand the role of factors driving spread rates , such as seasonality and transmission distance . Passive disease surveillance ( i . e . , case reports by public ) is a common method of monitoring emer... | Rabies is a deadly zoonotic infection with a global distribution . In 2012 , an epizootic of skunk rabies established in northern Colorado , USA and spread rapidly through three counties . The epizootic was documented through reports of dead skunks by the public . We examined the reports to determine how rapidly rabies... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"epizootics",
"biogeography",
"animal",
"types",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"ecology",
"and",
"environmental",
"sciences",
"animal",
"diseases",
"pathology",
"and",
"laboratory",
"medicine",
"pathogens",
"population",
"genetics",
"tropical",
"diseases",
"m... | 2017 | Predicting spatial spread of rabies in skunk populations using surveillance data reported by the public |
Genetic and molecular studies have provided considerable insight into how various tissue progenitors are specified in early embryogenesis , but much less is known about how those progenitors create three-dimensional tissues and organs . The C . elegans intestine provides a simple system for studying how a single progen... | This report uses the intestine of the nematode C . elegans as a model system to address how progenitor cells form a three-dimensional organ . The fully formed intestine is a cylindrical tube of only 20 epithelial cells , and all of these cells are descendants of a single cell , the E blastomere . The E descendants form... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"invertebrates",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"cell",
"division",
"analysis",
"caenorhabditis",
"cell",
"cycle",
"and",
"cell",
"division",
"cell",
"processes",
"neuroscience",
"animals",
"animal",
"models",
"developmental",
"biology",
"caenorhabditis",
"ele... | 2016 | Morphogenesis of the C. elegans Intestine Involves Axon Guidance Genes |
Surgery is a therapeutic option for people with epilepsy whose seizures are not controlled by anti-epilepsy drugs . In pre-surgical planning , an array of data modalities , often including intra-cranial EEG , is used in an attempt to map regions of the brain thought to be crucial for the generation of seizures . These ... | Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disorder that affects about 1% of people worldwide . The administration of antiepileptic drugs is the preferable treatment , but in around one third of cases , drugs do not stop seizures , and these patients are potential candidates for surgery . Epilepsy surgery however is too often ... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"neural",
"networks",
"neuroscience",
"surgical",
"and",
"invasive",
"medical",
"procedures",
"mathematics",
"scale-free",
"networks",
"algebra",
"network",
"analysis",
"directed",
"graphs",
"epilepsy",
"computer",
"and",
"inform... | 2017 | An optimal strategy for epilepsy surgery: Disruption of the rich-club? |
The patterning of the Arabidopsis root epidermis depends on a genetic regulatory network that operates both within and between cells . Genetic studies have identified a number of key components of this network , but a clear picture of the functional logic of the network is lacking . Here , we integrate existing genetic... | The patterning of the Arabidopsis root epidermis depends on a genetic regulatory network that operates within and between cells . Genetic studies have identified a number of key components of this network , but the functional logic of the network has remained unclear . In this work , we integrate genetic and biochemica... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"plant",
"biology",
"computational",
"biology"
] | 2008 | A Mutual Support Mechanism through Intercellular Movement of CAPRICE and GLABRA3 Can Pattern the Arabidopsis Root Epidermis |
Cardiac electrical asynchrony occurs as a result of cardiac pacing or conduction disorders such as left bundle-branch block ( LBBB ) . Electrically asynchronous activation causes myocardial contraction heterogeneity that can be detrimental for cardiac function . Computational models provide a tool for understanding pat... | Under normal conditions , the electrical activation of the heart is almost synchronous , leading to uniform contraction . Due to either pathology or electrical pacing , the heart can be activated asynchronously . The result is discoordinated contraction and a reduction in the ability to pump blood . There is considerab... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [] | 2015 | Fast Simulation of Mechanical Heterogeneity in the Electrically Asynchronous Heart Using the MultiPatch Module |
Alpha-helical transmembrane proteins constitute roughly 30% of a typical genome and are involved in a wide variety of important biological processes including cell signalling , transport of membrane-impermeable molecules and cell recognition . Despite significant efforts to predict transmembrane protein topology , comp... | Alpha-helical transmembrane proteins constitute a significant proportion of the proteins encoded in a typical genome and are involved in a wide variety of important biological processes . Many common diseases including diabetes , hypertension and epilepsy have been related to transmembrane protein dysfunction , therefo... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"computational",
"biology/protein",
"structure",
"prediction"
] | 2010 | Predicting Transmembrane Helix Packing Arrangements using Residue Contacts and a Force-Directed Algorithm |
The recent use of Bacillus anthracis as a bioweapon has stimulated the search for novel antitoxins and vaccines that act rapidly and with minimal adverse effects . B . anthracis produces an AB-type toxin composed of the receptor-binding moiety protective antigen ( PA ) and the enzymatic moieties edema factor and lethal... | Anthrax is caused by the spore-forming , Gram-positive bacterium Bacillus anthracis . The toxic effects of B . anthracis are predominantly due to an AB-type toxin made up of the receptor-binding subunit protective antigen ( PA ) and two enzymatic subunits called lethal factor and edema factor . Protective immunity to B... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods",
"Supporting",
"Information"
] | [
"biotechnology",
"viruses",
"none",
"virology",
"molecular",
"biology",
"insects"
] | 2007 | A Viral Nanoparticle with Dual Function as an Anthrax Antitoxin and Vaccine |
Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever ( CCHF ) is the most medically important tick-borne viral disease of humans and tuberculosis is the leading cause of death worldwide by a bacterial pathogen . These two diseases overlap geographically , however , concurrent infection of CCHF virus ( CCHFV ) with mycobacterial infection h... | CCHF is an emerging tick-borne viral disease that is endemic across much of Africa and Asia , and parts of Europe where its range and exposure risk to human populations is expanding . Tuberculosis threatens millions of lives world-wide and is the leading cause of death due to a bacterial pathogen . Concurrent mycobacte... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Methods"
] | [
"innate",
"immune",
"system",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"immune",
"cells",
"immune",
"physiology",
"pathology",
"and",
"laboratory",
"medicine",
"cytokines",
"granulomas",
"crimean-congo",
"hemorrhagic",
"fever",
"immunology",
"tropical",
"diseases",
"ver... | 2019 | Persistent Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus infection in the testes and within granulomas of non-human primates with latent tuberculosis |
In spite of the worldwide impact of diabetes on human health , the mechanisms behind glucose toxicity remain elusive . Here we show that C . elegans mutants lacking paqr-2 , the worm homolog of the adiponectin receptors AdipoR1/2 , or its newly identified functional partner iglr-2 , are glucose intolerant and die in th... | Using the nematode C . elegans as a model , we show that glucose decreases the fluidity of cellular membranes , which suggests a novel mechanism for the glucose toxicity observed in diabetics . We also show that the membrane proteins PAQR-2 and IGLR-2 are located together on cellular membranes and regulate fluidity in ... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"invertebrates",
"carbohydrate",
"metabolism",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"reproductive",
"system",
"gonads",
"chemical",
"compounds",
"pathology",
"and",
"laboratory",
"medicine",
"caenorhabditis",
"carbohydrates",
"glucose",
"metabolism",
"animals",
"organic... | 2016 | Caenorhabditis elegans PAQR-2 and IGLR-2 Protect against Glucose Toxicity by Modulating Membrane Lipid Composition |
Foot-and-mouth disease outbreaks in non-endemic countries can lead to large economic costs and livestock losses but the use of vaccination has been contentious , partly due to uncertainty about emergency FMD vaccination . Value of information methods can be applied to disease outbreak problems such as FMD in order to i... | In the UK during 2001 there was an outbreak of foot-and-mouth disease ( FMD ) which cost the economy an estimated £8 billion and led to the culling of approximately 7 million livestock . The main methods used to control the epidemic were movement bans and culling of infected and high-risk livestock . FMD vaccines were ... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Methods"
] | [
"livestock",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"animal",
"diseases",
"foot",
"and",
"mouth",
"disease",
"ruminants",
"immunology",
"vertebrates",
"animals",
"mammals",
"vaccines",
"preventive",
"medicine",
"infectious",
"disease",
"control",
"vaccination",
"and",... | 2017 | Quantifying the Value of Perfect Information in Emergency Vaccination Campaigns |
Japanese encephalitis ( JE ) is major emerging neurologic disease caused by JE virus . To date , the impact of TLR molecules on JE progression has not been addressed . Here , we determined whether each TLR modulates JE , using several TLR-deficient mouse strains ( TLR2 , TLR3 , TLR4 , TLR7 , TLR9 ) . Surprisingly , amo... | Japanese encephalitis ( JE ) is major emerging encephalitis , and more than 60% of global population inhabits JE endemic areas . The etiological virus is currently spreading to previously unaffected regions due to rapid changes in climate and demography . However , the impact of TLR molecules on JE progression has not ... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"innate",
"immune",
"system",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"immune",
"activation",
"immunology",
"tropical",
"diseases",
"encephalitis",
"infectious",
"disease",
"immunology",
"global",
"health",
"neglected",
"tropical",
"diseases",
"japanese",
"encephalitis",... | 2014 | Distinct Dictation of Japanese Encephalitis Virus-Induced Neuroinflammation and Lethality via Triggering TLR3 and TLR4 Signal Pathways |
EDS1 , PAD4 , and SAG101 are common regulators of plant immunity against many pathogens . EDS1 interacts with both PAD4 and SAG101 but direct interaction between PAD4 and SAG101 has not been detected , leading to the suggestion that the EDS1-PAD4 and EDS1-SAG101 complexes are distinct . We show that EDS1 , PAD4 , and S... | Plant immunity to pathogens requires several proteins , including EDS1 , PAD4 , SAG101 , and these are thought to act downstream of resistance protein-mediated signaling . EDS1 interacts with both PAD4 and SAG101 but no interaction has been detected between SAG101 and PAD4 . We show that SAG101 interacts with PAD4 via ... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"plant",
"science",
"plant",
"biology",
"plant",
"cell",
"biology",
"plant",
"pathology",
"biology",
"plant",
"physiology"
] | 2011 | SAG101 Forms a Ternary Complex with EDS1 and PAD4 and Is Required for Resistance Signaling against Turnip Crinkle Virus |
We propose a minimal mathematical model for the physical basis of membrane protein patterning in the immunological synapse ( IS ) , which encompass membrane mechanics , protein binding kinetics and motion , and fluid flow in the synaptic cleft . Our theory leads to simple predictions for the spatial and temporal scales... | The cellular basis for the adaptive immune response during antigen recognition relies on a specialized protein interface known as the immunological synapse ( IS ) . Understanding the biophysical basis for protein patterning by deciphering the quantitative rules for their formation and motion is an important aspect of c... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [] | 2015 | Elastohydrodynamics and Kinetics of Protein Patterning in the Immunological Synapse |
Maternal antibodies inhibit seroconversion and the generation of measles virus ( MeV ) -specific antibodies ( both neutralizing and non-neutralizing antibodies ) after vaccination whereas T cell responses are usually unaffected . The lack of seroconversion leaves individuals susceptible to vaccine-preventable infection... | Maternal antibodies provide protection against infection with pathogens early in life but also interfere with vaccination . This interference is caused by a vaccine/maternal antibody complex which links the B cell receptor to the inhibitory CD32 molecule . Here , we show that this cross-link results in impaired B cell ... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"medicine",
"neonatology",
"animal",
"types",
"public",
"health",
"and",
"epidemiology",
"respiratory",
"infections",
"pulmonology",
"pediatrics",
"lower",
"respiratory",
"tract",
"infections",
"veterinary",
"science",
"immunizations",
"infectious",
"diseases",
"pediatrics"... | 2013 | Synergistic Induction of Interferon α through TLR-3 and TLR-9 Agonists Identifies CD21 as Interferon α Receptor for the B Cell Response |
Predicting protein function from structure remains an active area of interest , particularly for the structural genomics initiatives where a substantial number of structures are initially solved with little or no functional characterisation . Although global structure comparison methods can be used to transfer function... | Understanding how the three-dimensional ( 3D ) molecular structure of proteins influences their function can provide insights into the workings of biological systems . Structural Genomics Initiatives have been set up to investigate these structures on a large scale and make the data available to the wider biological re... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"computational",
"biology"
] | 2009 | FLORA: A Novel Method to Predict Protein Function from Structure in Diverse Superfamilies |
Leptospirosis is one of the most important neglected tropical bacterial diseases worldwide . However , there is limited information on the genetic diversity and host selectivity of pathogenic Leptospira in wild small mammal populations . Jiangxi Province , located in southern China , is a region highly endemic for lept... | Leptospirosis , caused by pathogenic Leptospira spp , is one of the most widespread zoonoses . In recent years , human leptospirosis with occasionally fatal infections has been frequently reported in Jiangxi Province , a highly endemic region located in the south of China . However , there is a lack of information on c... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Materials",
"and",
"methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"livestock",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"leptospira",
"pathology",
"and",
"laboratory",
"medicine",
"infectious",
"disease",
"epidemiology",
"pathogens",
"tropical",
"diseases",
"microbiology",
"vertebrates",
"animals",
"mammals",
"dogs",
"bacterial",
"disea... | 2019 | Genetic characteristics of pathogenic Leptospira in wild small animals and livestock in Jiangxi Province, China, 2002–2015 |
Many genes that are required at specific points in the cell cycle exhibit cell cycle–dependent expression . In the early-diverging model eukaryote and important human pathogen Trypanosoma brucei , regulation of gene expression in the cell cycle and other processes is almost entirely post-transcriptional . Here , we sho... | The unicellular protozoan Trypanosoma brucei is the causative agent of African sleeping sickness , responsible for over 100 , 000 deaths annually , and is related to other important pathogens ( e . g . Leishmania major and Trypanosoma cruzi ) . Unusually , these organisms do not regulate their genes by changing the rat... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"molecular",
"biology/rna-protein",
"interactions",
"infectious",
"diseases/neglected",
"tropical",
"diseases",
"cell",
"biology/cell",
"growth",
"and",
"division",
"molecular",
"biology/mrna",
"stability",
"microbiology/parasitology",
"cell",
"biology/gene",
"expression"
] | 2009 | Trypanosoma brucei PUF9 Regulates mRNAs for Proteins Involved in Replicative Processes over the Cell Cycle |
The relationship between Apolipoprotein E ( ApoE ) and the aggregation processes of the amyloid β ( Aβ ) peptide has been shown to be crucial for Alzheimer's disease ( AD ) . The presence of the ApoE4 isoform is considered to be a contributing risk factor for AD . However , the detailed molecular properties of ApoE4 in... | Unraveling the molecular details of the interaction between apolipoprotein E and the amyloid β peptide will yield insights into the relationship between Alzheimer's disease and lipid transport and metabolism . The isoform E4 of apolipoprotein E has been shown to be closely related to Alzheimer's disease . We have there... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Methods"
] | [
"neurological",
"disorders/alzheimer",
"disease",
"computational",
"biology/molecular",
"dynamics"
] | 2010 | In Silico Analysis of the Apolipoprotein E and the Amyloid β Peptide Interaction: Misfolding Induced by Frustration of the Salt Bridge Network |
A critical step in the assembly of the neural circuits that control tetrapod locomotion is the specification of the lateral motor column ( LMC ) , a diverse motor neuron population targeting limb musculature . Hox6 paralog group genes have been implicated as key determinants of LMC fate at forelimb levels of the spinal... | Coordinated motor behaviors—as complex as playing a musical instrument or as simple as walking—rely on the ability of motor neurons within the spinal cord to navigate towards and establish specific connections with muscles in the limbs . The establishment of connections between motor neurons and limb muscles is mediate... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"neurogenesis",
"neuroscience",
"cell",
"differentiation",
"gene",
"function",
"developmental",
"biology",
"organism",
"development",
"pattern",
"formation",
"developmental",
"neuroscience",
"gene",
"expression",
"biology",
"axon",
"guidance",
"genetics",
"genetics",
"and",... | 2013 | Genetic and Functional Modularity of Hox Activities in the Specification of Limb-Innervating Motor Neurons |
The LFA-1 integrin plays a pivotal role in sustained leukocyte adhesion to the endothelial surface , which is a precondition for leukocyte recruitment into inflammation sites . Strong correlative evidence implicates LFA-1 clustering as being essential for sustained adhesion , and it may also facilitate rebinding events... | To gain access to sites of inflammation , leukocytes must first adhere to the blood vessel wall using integrin molecules . It has been hypothesized that integrin clustering is essential for sustaining adhesion prior to transmigration into the inflamed tissue . We cannot challenge such hypotheses directly because it is ... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"computer",
"science/applications",
"computational",
"biology/systems",
"biology",
"immunology/leukocyte",
"activation"
] | 2010 | Identifying the Rules of Engagement Enabling Leukocyte Rolling, Activation, and Adhesion |
Neuraminidase ( NA ) mutations conferring resistance to NA inhibitors were believed to compromise influenza virus fitness . Unexpectedly , an oseltamivir-resistant A/Brisbane/59/2007 ( Bris07 ) -like H1N1 H275Y NA variant emerged in 2007 and completely replaced the wild-type ( WT ) strain in 2008–2009 . The NA of such ... | The H275Y neuraminidase ( NA ) mutation conferring resistance to oseltamivir was shown to impair old influenza H1N1 strains both in vitro and in vivo . By contrast , an oseltamivir-resistant A/Brisbane/59/2007 ( Bris07 ) -like H1N1 H275Y NA variant emerged in 2007 and completely replaced the wild-type ( WT ) strain in ... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"medicine",
"biology"
] | 2011 | Role of Permissive Neuraminidase Mutations in Influenza A/Brisbane/59/2007-like (H1N1) Viruses |
The gene expression of plus-strand RNA viruses with a polycistronic genome depends on translation and replication of the genomic mRNA , as well as synthesis of subgenomic ( sg ) mRNAs . Arteriviruses and coronaviruses , distantly related members of the nidovirus order , employ a unique mechanism of discontinuous minus-... | Plus-strand RNA viruses , a major group of plant and animal pathogens , employ a variety of gene expression strategies . In some groups , the genome is translated into a single polyprotein precursor comprising all viral proteins , while the expression of genomes containing multiple open reading frames commonly depends ... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"virology/viral",
"replication",
"and",
"gene",
"regulation"
] | 2010 | Arterivirus Nsp1 Modulates the Accumulation of Minus-Strand Templates to Control the Relative Abundance of Viral mRNAs |
The actin depolymerizing factors ( ADFs ) play important roles in several cellular processes that require cytoskeletal rearrangements , such as cell migration , but little is known about the in vivo functions of ADFs in developmental events like branching morphogenesis . While the molecular control of ureteric bud ( UB... | Development of the ureter and collecting ducts of the kidney requires extensive growth and branching of an epithelial tube , the ureteric bud . While many genes that control this process are known , the cellular events that underlie renal morphogenesis remain poorly understood . Many cellular changes that might contrib... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"genetics",
"and",
"genomics/animal",
"genetics",
"developmental",
"biology/morphogenesis",
"and",
"cell",
"biology",
"cell",
"biology/morphogenesis",
"and",
"cell",
"biology",
"cell",
"biology/developmental",
"molecular",
"mechanisms",
"genetics",
"and",
"genomics/gene",
"... | 2010 | Actin Depolymerizing Factors Cofilin1 and Destrin Are Required for Ureteric Bud Branching Morphogenesis |
Legumes have an intrinsic capacity to accommodate both symbiotic and endophytic bacteria within root nodules . For the symbionts , a complex genetic mechanism that allows mutual recognition and plant infection has emerged from genetic studies under axenic conditions . In contrast , little is known about the mechanisms ... | Plants have evolved elaborated mechanisms to monitor microbial presence and to control their infection , therefore only particular microbes , so called “endophytes , ” are able to colonise the internal tissues with minimal or no host damage . The legume root nodule is a unique environmental niche induced by symbiotic b... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Material",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [] | 2015 | A Legume Genetic Framework Controls Infection of Nodules by Symbiotic and Endophytic Bacteria |
A structural-bioinformatics-based computational methodology and framework have been developed for the design of antibodies to targets of interest . RosettaAntibodyDesign ( RAbD ) samples the diverse sequence , structure , and binding space of an antibody to an antigen in highly customizable protocols for the design of ... | Antibodies are proteins produced by the immune system to attack infections and cancer and are also used as drugs to treat cancer and autoimmune diseases . The mechanism that has evolved to produce them is able to make 10s of millions of different antibodies , each with a different surface used to bind the foreign or mu... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Methods"
] | [
"biotechnology",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"immune",
"physiology",
"enzyme-linked",
"immunoassays",
"engineering",
"and",
"technology",
"synthetic",
"biology",
"immunology",
"synthetic",
"bioengineering",
"human",
"factors",
"engineering",
"mathematics",
"sta... | 2018 | RosettaAntibodyDesign (RAbD): A general framework for computational antibody design |
Neural systems are organized in a modular way , serving multiple functionalities . This multiplicity requires that both positive ( e . g . excitatory , phase-coherent ) and negative ( e . g . inhibitory , phase-opposing ) interactions take place across brain modules . Unfortunately , most methods to detect modules from... | In recent years an increasing number of studies demonstrate that functional organization of the brain has a vital importance in the manifestation of diseases and aging processes . This functional structure is composed of modules sharing similar dynamics , in order to serve multiple functionalities . Here we present a n... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"methods"
] | [
"ecology",
"and",
"environmental",
"sciences",
"neural",
"networks",
"community",
"structure",
"light",
"mathematical",
"models",
"neuroscience",
"electromagnetic",
"radiation",
"mathematics",
"algebra",
"computational",
"neuroscience",
"research",
"and",
"analysis",
"metho... | 2019 | Uncovering functional signature in neural systems via random matrix theory |
In enterobacteria , the Rcs system ( Regulator of capsule synthesis ) monitors envelope integrity and induces a stress response when damages occur in the outer membrane or in the peptidoglycan layer . Built around a two-component system , Rcs controls gene expression via a cascade of phosphoryl transfer reactions . Bei... | A thorough understanding of the mechanisms that allow bacteria to thrive in various environments is crucial to the development of new antibiotics , an urgent endeavor to combat antimicrobial resistance . A landmark feature of Gram-negative bacteria is the presence of a multi-layered envelope . Because this structure is... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"methods"
] | [
"antimicrobials",
"periplasm",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"drugs",
"microbiology",
"membrane",
"proteins",
"regulator",
"genes",
"immunoprecipitation",
"antibiotics",
"outer",
"membrane",
"proteins",
"gene",
"types",
"pharmacology",
"cellular",
"structures",
... | 2018 | Distinct domains of Escherichia coli IgaA connect envelope stress sensing and down-regulation of the Rcs phosphorelay across subcellular compartments |
Early stages of Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1 ( HIV-1 ) infection are associated with local recruitment and activation of important effectors of innate immunity , i . e . natural killer ( NK ) cells and dendritic cells ( DCs ) . Immature DCs ( iDCs ) capture HIV-1 through specific receptors and can disseminate the inf... | Dendritic cells ( DCs ) , the professional antigen presenting cells , are critical for host immunity by inducing specific immune responses against a broad variety of pathogens . Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1 ( HIV-1 ) has evolved ways to exploit DCs , thereby facilitating viral dissemination and allowing evasion of an... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"virology/persistence",
"and",
"latency",
"virology/immunodeficiency",
"viruses",
"immunology/innate",
"immunity",
"infectious",
"diseases/viral",
"infections",
"virology/immune",
"evasion",
"immunology/immunity",
"to",
"infections"
] | 2010 | Escape of HIV-1-Infected Dendritic Cells from TRAIL-Mediated NK Cell Cytotoxicity during NK-DC Cross-Talk—A Pivotal Role of HMGB1 |
The new world arenavirus Junín virus ( JUNV ) is the causative agent of Argentine hemorrhagic fever , a lethal human infectious disease . Adult laboratory mice are generally resistant to peripheral infection by JUNV . The mechanism underlying the mouse resistance to JUNV infection is largely unknown . We have reported ... | The new world arenavirus Junín virus ( JUNV ) is the causative agent of a lethal human infectious disease , Argentine hemorrhagic fever . Laboratory mice are used as models to study many viral diseases . However , adult laboratory mice are generally resistant to JUNV infection . Interferons are early immune regulatory ... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"animal",
"models",
"of",
"infection",
"viral",
"hemorrhagic",
"fevers",
"infectious",
"diseases",
"viral",
"vaccines",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"pathology",
"and",
"laboratory",
"medicine",
"host-pathogen",
"interactions",
"virology",
"neglected",
"trop... | 2014 | Potent Inhibition of Junín Virus Infection by Interferon in Murine Cells |
The bloodsucking hemipteran Rhodnius prolixus is a vector of Chagas' disease , which affects 7–8 million people today in Latin America . In contrast to other hematophagous insects , the triatomine gut is compartmentalized into three segments that perform different functions during blood digestion . Here we report analy... | The bloodsucking bug Rhodnius prolixus is a vector of Chagas' disease , which affects 7–8 million people in Latin America . In contrast to other insects , the digestive tract of Rhodnius has three segments that perform different functions during blood digestion . Here we report analysis of transcriptomes for each of th... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Methods",
"Results",
"and",
"Discussion"
] | [
"sequence",
"analysis",
"medicine",
"infectious",
"diseases",
"genomics",
"functional",
"genomics",
"chagas",
"disease",
"entomology",
"neglected",
"tropical",
"diseases",
"digestive",
"regulation",
"computational",
"biology",
"digestive",
"functions",
"biology",
"anatomy",... | 2014 | An Insight into the Transcriptome of the Digestive Tract of the Bloodsucking Bug, Rhodnius prolixus |
Reconstituted antiviral defense pathway in surrogate host yeast is used as an intracellular probe to further our understanding of virus-host interactions and the role of co-opted host factors in formation of membrane-bound viral replicase complexes in protection of the viral RNA against ribonucleases . The inhibitory e... | Positive-strand RNA viruses build membranous replication compartment to support their replication in the infected hosts . One of the proposed functions of the usurped subcellular membranes is to protect the viral RNA from recognition and destruction by various cellular RNA sensors and ribonucleases . To answer this fun... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"methods"
] | [
"rna",
"interference",
"nucleases",
"enzymes",
"gene",
"regulation",
"microbiology",
"dna-binding",
"proteins",
"enzymology",
"fungi",
"model",
"organisms",
"experimental",
"organism",
"systems",
"epigenetics",
"research",
"and",
"analysis",
"methods",
"saccharomyces",
"s... | 2017 | The role of co-opted ESCRT proteins and lipid factors in protection of tombusviral double-stranded RNA replication intermediate against reconstituted RNAi in yeast |
Many virtual screening methods have been developed for identifying single-target inhibitors based on the strategy of “one–disease , one–target , one–drug” . The hit rates of these methods are often low because they cannot capture the features that play key roles in the biological functions of the target protein . Furth... | Many drug development strategies focus on designing inhibitors for single targets . These inhibitors often lose potency owing to mutations in the protein binding sites and are ineffective for complex diseases . Multitarget inhibitors can decrease probability of drug resistance and enhance the therapeutic efficiency; ho... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results/Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"biotechnology",
"biochemistry",
"proteins",
"small",
"molecules",
"biology",
"computational",
"biology",
"drug",
"discovery"
] | 2013 | Pathway-based Screening Strategy for Multitarget Inhibitors of Diverse Proteins in Metabolic Pathways |
Diverse enteropathogen exposures associate with childhood malnutrition . To elucidate mechanistic pathways whereby enteric microbes interact during malnutrition , we used protein deficiency in mice to develop a new model of co-enteropathogen enteropathy . Focusing on common enteropathogens in malnourished children , Gi... | Malnourished children are exposed to multiple sequential , and oftentimes , persistent enteropathogens . Intestinal microbial disruption and inflammation are known to contribute to the pathogenesis of malnutrition , but how co-pathogens interact with each other , with the resident microbiota , or with the host to alter... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Methods"
] | [
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"protein",
"metabolism",
"pathology",
"and",
"laboratory",
"medicine",
"giardia",
"diet",
"parasitic",
"protozoans",
"protozoans",
"nutrition",
"malnutrition",
"digestive",
"system",
"giardia",
"lamblia",
"infectious",
"diseases",
... | 2017 | Cross-modulation of pathogen-specific pathways enhances malnutrition during enteric co-infection with Giardia lamblia and enteroaggregative Escherichia coli |
Relapsing fever spirochetes are global yet neglected pathogens causing recurrent febrile episodes , chills , nausea , vomiting , and pregnancy complications . Given these nonspecific clinical manifestations , improving diagnostic assays for relapsing fever spirochetes will allow for identification of endemic foci and e... | Undiagnosed febrile illnesses continue to afflict those in resource poor countries . Relapsing fever spirochetes are one such pathogen causing a significant health burden , yet the pathogenesis , ecology , and distribution of B . turicatae is understudied . To address these shortcomings , we analyzed the amino acid seq... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Methods",
"Results",
"and",
"Discussion"
] | [] | 2013 | Sequence Analysis and Serological Responses against Borrelia turicatae BipA, a Putative Species-Specific Antigen |
The immune response in the skin of dogs infected with Leishmania infantum is poorly understood , and limited studies have described the immunopathological profile with regard to distinct levels of tissue parasitism and the clinical progression of canine visceral leishmaniasis ( CVL ) . A detailed analysis of inflammato... | Several previous studies correlated immunopathological aspects of canine visceral leishmaniasis ( CVL ) with tissue parasite load and/or the clinical status of the disease . Recently , different aspects of the immune response in Leishmania-infected dogs have been studied , particularly the profile of cytokines in disti... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"veterinary",
"pathology",
"veterinary",
"immunology",
"veterinary",
"diseases",
"pathology",
"zoonotic",
"diseases",
"leishmaniasis",
"immunology",
"veterinary",
"science",
"veterinary",
"medicine"
] | 2012 | Higher Expression of CCL2, CCL4, CCL5, CCL21, and CXCL8 Chemokines in the Skin Associated with Parasite Density in Canine Visceral Leishmaniasis |
Predictive understanding of cell signaling network operation based on general prior knowledge but consistent with empirical data in a specific environmental context is a current challenge in computational biology . Recent work has demonstrated that Boolean logic can be used to create context-specific network models by ... | Over the past few years , many methods have been developed to construct large-scale networks from the literature or databases of genetic and physical interactions . With the advent of high-throughput biochemical methods , it is also possible to measure the states and activities of many proteins in these biochemical net... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"computational",
"biology/systems",
"biology",
"computational",
"biology/signaling",
"networks"
] | 2011 | Training Signaling Pathway Maps to Biochemical Data with Constrained Fuzzy Logic: Quantitative Analysis of Liver Cell Responses to Inflammatory Stimuli |
Metal hyperaccumulation , in which plants store exceptional concentrations of metals in their shoots , is an unusual trait whose evolutionary and ecological significance has prompted extensive debate . Hyperaccumulator plants are usually found on metalliferous soils , and it has been proposed that hyperaccumulation pro... | Soils rich in heavy metals support communities of distinctive metal-tolerant plants , a number of which exhibit a remarkable trait known as metal hyperaccumulation . These plants accumulate exceptionally high concentrations of metallic elements in their leaves , but whether this trait confers any adaptive advantage is ... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"plant",
"biology/plant-biotic",
"interactions",
"ecology/plant-environment",
"interactions",
"microbiology/environmental",
"microbiology",
"plant",
"biology/plant-environment",
"interactions",
"ecology/environmental",
"microbiology",
"microbiology/microbial",
"physiology",
"and",
"met... | 2010 | Metal Hyperaccumulation Armors Plants against Disease |
Visceral leishmaniasis ( VL ) is diagnosed by microscopic confirmation of the parasite in bone marrow , spleen or lymph node aspirates . These procedures are unsuitable for rapid diagnosis of VL in field settings . The development of rK39-based rapid diagnostic tests ( RDT ) revolutionized diagnosis of VL by offering h... | Visceral Leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania donovani is endemic in several parts of South Asia , East Africa , South and Central America . It is a vector-borne disease transmitted by bites of infected sand flies and often fatal in the absence of chemotherapy . Timely diagnosis is an essential first step in providing pr... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"infectious",
"diseases/protozoal",
"infections",
"infectious",
"diseases/neglected",
"tropical",
"diseases"
] | 2010 | Design, Development and Evaluation of rK28-Based Point-of-Care Tests for Improving Rapid Diagnosis of Visceral Leishmaniasis |
The coordinated behaviour of populations of cells plays a central role in tissue growth and renewal . Cells react to their microenvironment by modulating processes such as movement , growth and proliferation , and signalling . Alongside experimental studies , computational models offer a useful means by which to invest... | In combination with molecular and live-imaging techniques , computational modelling plays an increasingly important role in the study of tissue growth and renewal . To this end a variety of cell-based modelling approaches have been developed , ranging in complexity from lattice-based cellular automata to lattice-free m... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Materials",
"and",
"methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"cell",
"physiology",
"cell",
"cycle",
"and",
"cell",
"division",
"cell",
"processes",
"cloning",
"notch",
"signaling",
"cell",
"differentiation",
"simulation",
"and",
"modeling",
"developmental",
"biology",
"molecular",
"development",
"molecular",
"biology",
"technique... | 2017 | Comparing individual-based approaches to modelling the self-organization of multicellular tissues |
Crown gall tumors develop after integration of the T-DNA of virulent Agrobacterium tumefaciens strains into the plant genome . Expression of the T-DNA–encoded oncogenes triggers proliferation and differentiation of transformed plant cells . Crown gall development is known to be accompanied by global changes in transcri... | Until now , knowledge about the impact of DNA methylation on plant tumor development and physiology has been scant . Therefore , we studied the methylation pattern of Arabidopsis thaliana crown galls on a genome-wide and single-gene level . Crown gall tumor development requires expression of oncogenes , which are trans... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"plant",
"science",
"plant",
"physiology",
"rna",
"interference",
"plant",
"growth",
"and",
"development",
"plant",
"pathogens",
"genetics",
"plant",
"pathology",
"epigenetics",
"biology",
"dna",
"modification",
"plant",
"genomics",
"plant",
"biology",
"genetics",
"an... | 2013 | DNA Methylation Mediated Control of Gene Expression Is Critical for Development of Crown Gall Tumors |
Uncovering how natural selection and genetic drift shape the evolutionary dynamics of virus populations within their hosts can pave the way to a better understanding of virus emergence . Mathematical models already play a leading role in these studies and are intended to predict future emergences . Here , using high-th... | Natural selection and genetic drift drive the evolution of virus populations within their hosts and therefore influence strongly virus emergences . To help predict future virus emergences , we developed a model that estimates simultaneously genetic drift and selection intensities using high-throughput sequence data rep... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"sustainable",
"agriculture",
"statistics",
"population",
"genetics",
"microbiology",
"integrated",
"control",
"mathematics",
"effective",
"population",
"size",
"pest",
"control",
"population",
"modeling",
"biostatistics",
"evolutionary",
"modeling",
"biology",
"infectious",
... | 2012 | Modelling the Evolutionary Dynamics of Viruses within Their Hosts: A Case Study Using High-Throughput Sequencing |
Despite the recent progress in sequencing technologies , genome-wide association studies ( GWAS ) remain limited by a statistical-power issue: many polymorphisms contribute little to common trait variation and therefore escape detection . The small contribution sometimes corresponds to incomplete penetrance , which may... | Genetic association studies are usually conducted on phenotypes measured at the scale of whole tissues or individuals , and not at the scale of individual cells . However , some common traits , such as cancer , can result from a minority of cells that adopted a special behavior . From one individual to another , DNA va... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Methods"
] | [
"chemical",
"compounds",
"quantitative",
"trait",
"loci",
"quantitative",
"traits",
"carbohydrates",
"galactose",
"organic",
"compounds",
"fungi",
"mathematics",
"molecular",
"biology",
"techniques",
"discrete",
"mathematics",
"combinatorics",
"research",
"and",
"analysis",... | 2016 | Exploiting Single-Cell Quantitative Data to Map Genetic Variants Having Probabilistic Effects |
Central mechanisms by which specific motor programs are selected to achieve meaningful behaviors are not well understood . Using electrophysiological recordings from pharyngeal nerves upon central activation of neurotransmitter-expressing cells , we show that distinct neuronal ensembles can regulate different feeding m... | In the animal kingdom , two of the most essential behaviors are locomotion and feeding . The motor programs underlying these behaviors are controlled by higher-order circuits in the central nervous system . However , how an organism selects a particular motor program based on inputs from the information-processing high... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"neuroscience",
"biology",
"and",
"life",
"sciences"
] | 2014 | Selection of Motor Programs for Suppressing Food Intake and Inducing Locomotion in the Drosophila Brain |
The reproductive parasites Wolbachia are the most common endosymbionts on earth , present in a plethora of arthropod species . They have been introduced into mosquitos to successfully prevent the spread of vector-borne diseases , yet the strategies of host cell subversion underlying their obligate intracellular lifesty... | Wolbachia are a genus of intracellular bacteria living in symbiosis with millions of arthropod species . They have the ability to block the transmission of arboviruses when introduced into mosquito vectors , by interfering with the cellular resources exploited by these viruses . Despite the biomedical interest of this ... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Methods"
] | [
"invertebrates",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"vacuoles",
"pathology",
"and",
"laboratory",
"medicine",
"intracellular",
"pathogens",
"pathogens",
"endoplasmic",
"reticulum",
"cell",
"processes",
"biological",
"cultures",
"animals",
"wolbachia",
"animal",
"mod... | 2019 | Wolbachia endosymbionts subvert the endoplasmic reticulum to acquire host membranes without triggering ER stress |
The model plant species Arabidopsis thaliana is successful at colonizing land that has recently undergone human-mediated disturbance . To investigate the prehistoric spread of A . thaliana , we applied approximate Bayesian computation and explicit spatial modeling to 76 European accessions sequenced at 876 nuclear loci... | The demographic forces that have shaped the pattern of genetic variability in the plant species Arabidopsis thaliana provide an important backdrop for the use of this model organism in understanding the genetic determinants of plant natural variation . We investigated the demographic history of A . thaliana using novel... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Methods"
] | [
"plant",
"biology/plant",
"genomes",
"and",
"evolution",
"ecology/evolutionary",
"ecology",
"ecology/spatial",
"and",
"landscape",
"ecology",
"genetics",
"and",
"genomics",
"genetics",
"and",
"genomics/population",
"genetics"
] | 2008 | Demographic History of European Populations of Arabidopsis thaliana |
Salmonella Typhimurium sequence type ( ST ) 313 produces septicemia in infants in sub-Saharan Africa . Although there are known genetic and phenotypic differences between ST313 strains and gastroenteritis-associated ST19 strains , conflicting data about the in vivo virulence of ST313 strains have been reported . To res... | Salmonella Typhimurium sequence type ( ST ) 19 causes self-limiting gastroenteritis throughout the world . In recent years , a new ST of Salmonella Typhimurium , ST313 , has been circulating in sub-Saharan Africa and causes fever in infants and immunocompromised individuals in the absence of gastroenteritis . The diffe... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Materials",
"and",
"methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"body",
"fluids",
"pathology",
"and",
"laboratory",
"medicine",
"pathogens",
"microbiology",
"vertebrates",
"animals",
"salmonellosis",
"mammals",
"primates",
"animal",
"models",
"bacterial",
"diseases",
"diarrhea",
"model",
"org... | 2017 | Virulence of invasive Salmonella Typhimurium ST313 in animal models of infection |
Trachomatous trichiasis ( TT ) needs to be managed to reduce the risk of vision loss . The long-term impact of epilation ( a common traditional practice of repeated plucking of lashes touching the eye ) in preventing visual impairment and corneal opacity from TT is unknown . We conducted a randomized controlled trial o... | Trachoma causes visual impairment through the effect of in-turned eyelashes ( trichiasis ) on the surface of the eye . Epilation is a common traditional practice of intermittent plucking of lashes touching the eye , however , its long-term effectiveness in preventing visual impairment is unknown . We conducted a random... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [] | 2015 | Epilation for Minor Trachomatous Trichiasis: Four-Year Results of a Randomised Controlled Trial |
We report a phenomenon wherein induction of cell death by a variety of means in wing imaginal discs of Drosophila larvae resulted in the activation of an anti-apoptotic microRNA , bantam . Cells in the vicinity of dying cells also become harder to kill by ionizing radiation ( IR ) -induced apoptosis . Both ban activati... | In multicellular organisms where cells exist in the context of other cells , the behavior of one affects the others . The consequences of such interactions include not just cell fate choices but also life and death decisions . In the wing primordia of Drosophila melanogaster larvae , dying cells release mitogenic signa... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"molecular",
"cell",
"biology",
"genetics",
"developmental",
"biology",
"biology"
] | 2014 | Dying Cells Protect Survivors from Radiation-Induced Cell Death in Drosophila |
Divergence of upstream regulatory pathways of the transcription factor Doublesex ( Dsx ) serves as a basis for evolution of sex-determining mechanisms in animals . However , little is known about the regulation of Dsx in environmental sex determination . In the crustacean Daphnia magna , environmental sex determination... | Sex is widespread for reproduction of offspring in the animal kingdom . In the sex determination process , through interactions of several genes in a hierarchical manner , an initial cue leads to sex-specific expression of the major effector of sexual differentiation , Doublesex ( Dsx ) . Although how genetic factors o... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"methods"
] | [
"invertebrates",
"gene",
"regulation",
"regulatory",
"proteins",
"messenger",
"rna",
"dna-binding",
"proteins",
"animals",
"dna",
"transcription",
"developmental",
"biology",
"transcription",
"factors",
"embryos",
"morphogenesis",
"small",
"interfering",
"rnas",
"embryology... | 2017 | Co-option of the bZIP transcription factor Vrille as the activator of Doublesex1 in environmental sex determination of the crustacean Daphnia magna |
Chagas disease remains a major cause of mortality in several countries of Latin America and has become a potential public health problem in non-endemic countries as a result of migration flows . Cardiac involvement represents the main cause of mortality , but its diagnosis is still based on nonspecific criteria with po... | Chagas disease remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality in several countries of Latin America and has become a potential public health problem in countries where the disease is not endemic as a result of migration flows . Cardiac involvement represents the main cause of mortality , but its diagnosis is still ba... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"cardiovascular",
"disorders/coronary",
"artery",
"disease",
"cardiovascular",
"disorders/myocardial",
"infarction",
"cardiovascular",
"disorders/cardiovascular",
"imaging"
] | 2010 | Chagas Cardiomiopathy: The Potential of Diastolic Dysfunction and Brain Natriuretic Peptide in the Early Identification of Cardiac Damage |
Rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus ( RHDV ) is an important member of the Caliciviridae family and a highly lethal pathogen in rabbits . Although the cell receptor of RHDV has been identified , the mechanism underlying RHDV internalization remains unknown . In this study , the entry and post-internalization of RHDV into ... | Rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus ( RHDV ) is the causative agent of a highly contagious and lethal disease in rabbits . Since , at present , there is no robust cell culture system for the propagation of the virus , the molecular mechanism of RHDV internalization remains poorly understood . Here , we demonstrated that r... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"methods"
] | [
"affinity",
"chromatography",
"viral",
"transmission",
"and",
"infection",
"gene",
"regulation",
"cell",
"processes",
"microbiology",
"rabbits",
"vertebrates",
"animals",
"mammals",
"animal",
"models",
"experimental",
"organism",
"systems",
"sequence",
"motif",
"analysis"... | 2018 | Nucleolin mediates the internalization of rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus through clathrin-dependent endocytosis |
Gaseous neurotransmitters such as nitric oxide ( NO ) provide a unique and often overlooked mechanism for neurons to communicate through diffusion within a network , independent of synaptic connectivity . NO provides homeostatic control of intrinsic excitability . Here we conduct a theoretical investigation of the dist... | Neural firing rates must be maintained within a stable range in the face of ongoing fluctuations in synaptic connectivity . Existing cortical network models achieve this through various homeostatic mechanisms which constrain the excitability of individual neurons according to their recent activity . Here , we propose a... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Methods"
] | [] | 2015 | A Diffusive Homeostatic Signal Maintains Neural Heterogeneity and Responsiveness in Cortical Networks |
Protein synthesis is a template polymerization process composed by three main steps: initiation , elongation , and termination . During translation , ribosomes are engaged into polysomes whose size is used for the quantitative characterization of translatome . However , simultaneous transcription and translation in the... | Post-transcriptional regulation is important for the understanding of gene expression control . Our work is a genome-scale analysis of the translation steps of protein synthesis from transcripts . We have developed a mathematical model to integrate and analyze experimental ribosome density of hundreds of transcripts of... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods",
"Results/Discussion"
] | [] | 2013 | A Genome-Scale Integration and Analysis of Lactococcus lactis Translation Data |
The role of Wnt signaling in embryonic development and stem cell maintenance is well established and aberrations leading to the constitutive up-regulation of this pathway are frequent in several types of human cancers . Upon ligand-mediated activation , Wnt receptors promote the stabilization of β-catenin , which trans... | The Wnt signaling pathway plays a crucial role during embryonic development and in the maintenance of stem cell populations in various organs and tissues . Aberrant activation of this pathway through different mechanisms participates in the onset and progression of several types of human cancers . In the presence of Wn... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"oncology",
"medicine",
"developmental",
"biology",
"biology",
"molecular",
"cell",
"biology"
] | 2013 | β-Catenin-Independent Activation of TCF1/LEF1 in Human Hematopoietic Tumor Cells through Interaction with ATF2 Transcription Factors |
Fused in Sarcoma ( FUS ) proteinopathy is a feature of frontotemporal lobar dementia ( FTLD ) , and mutation of the fus gene segregates with FTLD and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis ( ALS ) . To study the consequences of mutation in the fus gene , we created transgenic rats expressing the human fus gene with or without m... | Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal lobar degeneration are two related diseases characterized by degeneration of selected groups of neuronal cells . Neither of these diseases has a clear cause , and both are incurable at present . Mutation of the fus gene has recently been linked to these two diseases . He... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Material",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"medicine",
"neurological",
"disorders",
"neurology",
"genetics",
"biology",
"neuroscience",
"genetics",
"and",
"genomics"
] | 2011 | FUS Transgenic Rats Develop the Phenotypes of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Lobar Degeneration |
Numerous genome-wide screens for polymorphisms that influence gene expression have provided key insights into the genetic control of transcription . Despite this work , the relevance of specific polymorphisms to in vivo expression and splicing remains unclear . We carried out the first genome-wide screen , to our knowl... | Although humans have a relatively small complement of genes , the proteins encoded by those genes and their biologic function are far more complex . The increased complexity is achieved in part through processes that create different messages from the same gene sequence ( alternative splicing ) and that regulate the ex... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results/Discussion",
"Methods"
] | [
"genetics",
"and",
"genomics"
] | 2008 | Tissue-Specific Genetic Control of Splicing: Implications for the Study of Complex Traits |
DNA binding transcriptional activators play a central role in gene-selective regulation . In part , this is mediated by targeting local covalent modifications of histone tails . Transcriptional regulation has also been associated with the positioning of genes within the nucleus . We have now examined the role of a tran... | All cells in an organism share a common genome , yet distinct subsets of genes are transcribed in different cells . Selectivity of gene transcription is largely determined by transcription factors that bind to target genes and promote local changes in chromatin . Such changes are thought to be instrumental for transcri... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Material",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"genetics",
"and",
"genomics/epigenetics",
"genetics",
"and",
"genomics/nuclear",
"structure",
"and",
"function",
"genetics",
"and",
"genomics/genetics",
"of",
"disease",
"genetics",
"and",
"genomics/chromosome",
"biology"
] | 2008 | Targeted Deficiency of the Transcriptional Activator Hnf1α Alters Subnuclear Positioning of Its Genomic Targets |
Chagas disease ( CD ) is a life-threatening illness caused by the protozoan parasite Trypanosoma cruzi , which is transmitted by triatomine bugs . Triatomine bugs inhabit poorly constructed homes that create multiple hiding spots for the bugs . Modifying the actual structure of a home , along with the homeowners’ pract... | This study focuses on Chagas disease ( CD ) prevention in southern Ecuador . This region has a high rate of triatomine infestation . We used the Health Belief Model ( HBM ) to understand why people do or do not engage in CD preventive behaviors , particularly those related to home improvement . Additionally , we wanted... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"ecuador",
"behavioral",
"and",
"social",
"aspects",
"of",
"health",
"tropical",
"diseases",
"geographical",
"locations",
"vertebrates",
"social",
"sciences",
"parasitic",
"diseases",
"animals",
"pest",
"control",
"neglected",
... | 2018 | Using the health belief model to identify communication opportunities to prevent Chagas disease in Southern Ecuador |
Over the last decade , unusually high losses of colonies have been reported by beekeepers across the USA . Multiple factors such as Varroa destructor , bee viruses , Nosema ceranae , weather , beekeeping practices , nutrition , and pesticides have been shown to contribute to colony losses . Here we describe a large-sca... | Roughly one third of the food supply relies on pollinating insects . The number of colony losses of the domesticated Honey Bee ( Apis mellifera ) has grown significantly in the past eight years , endangering pollination of crops like almonds . Recent research indicates that colony losses are influenced by a combination... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [] | 2015 | Prospective Large-Scale Field Study Generates Predictive Model Identifying Major Contributors to Colony Losses |
Facioscapulohumeral dystrophy ( FSHD ) is an autosomal dominant muscular dystrophy in which no mutation of pathogenic gene ( s ) has been identified . Instead , the disease is , in most cases , genetically linked to a contraction in the number of 3 . 3 kb D4Z4 repeats on chromosome 4q . How contraction of the 4qter D4Z... | Most cases of facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy ( FSHD ) are associated with a decrease in the number of D4Z4 repeat sequences on chromosome 4q . How this leads to the disease remains unclear . Furthermore , D4Z4 shortening is not seen in a small number of FSHD cases , and the etiology is unknown . In the cell , t... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Methods"
] | [
"genetics",
"and",
"genomics/genetics",
"of",
"disease",
"molecular",
"biology/histone",
"modification",
"molecular",
"biology/chromatin",
"structure",
"molecular",
"biology/dna",
"methylation"
] | 2009 | Specific Loss of Histone H3 Lysine 9 Trimethylation and HP1γ/Cohesin Binding at D4Z4 Repeats Is Associated with Facioscapulohumeral Dystrophy (FSHD) |
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ( SLE ) pathology has long been associated with an increased Epstein-Barr Virus ( EBV ) seropositivity , viremia and cross-reactive serum antibodies specific for both virus and self . It has therefore been postulated that EBV triggers SLE immunopathology , although the mechanism remains elu... | Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ( SLE ) has been associated with Epstein-Barr Virus ( EBV ) infection for decades , however the mechanistic links have remained elusive . Most human adults are infected by EBV and carry the virus for life without clinical symptoms . However , for unknown reasons EBV induces infectious monon... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"medicine",
"infectious",
"diseases",
"immune",
"cells",
"clinical",
"immunology",
"immunity",
"lupus",
"erythematosus",
"autoimmune",
"diseases",
"t",
"cells",
"immunity",
"to",
"infections",
"viral",
"diseases",
"immunology",
"epstein-barr",
"virus",
"infectious",
"mo... | 2011 | Exhausted Cytotoxic Control of Epstein-Barr Virus in Human Lupus |
Here we report that the change from the red seeds of wild rice to the white seeds of cultivated rice ( Oryza sativa ) resulted from the strong selective sweep of a single mutation , a frame-shift deletion within the Rc gene that is found in 97 . 9% of white rice varieties today . A second mutation , also within Rc , is... | Understanding the history and origin of genetic mutations that have changed wild plants into crops can help us understand the history of the people who cultivated these plants . Rice is one of the oldest crops grown in Asia and it contains two different subspecies that are believed to have been domesticated in differen... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods",
"Supporting",
"Information"
] | [
"evolutionary",
"biology",
"oryza",
"genetics",
"and",
"genomics",
"plant",
"biology"
] | 2007 | Global Dissemination of a Single Mutation Conferring White Pericarp in Rice |
Pairs of active neurons frequently fire action potentials or “spikes” nearly synchronously ( i . e . , within 5 ms of each other ) . This spike synchrony may occur by chance , based solely on the neurons’ fluctuating firing patterns , or it may occur too frequently to be explicable by chance alone . When spike synchron... | Spike synchrony , which is widely reported in neural systems , may contribute to information transmission within and across brain regions . Critical to this theory is the potential link between oscillatory activity and synchronous spiking . In this article we provide a method for establishing the statistical associatio... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [] | 2015 | Establishing a Statistical Link between Network Oscillations and Neural Synchrony |
Spinocerebellar ataxia type 1 ( SCA1 ) is a dominantly inherited neurodegenerative disease caused by expansion of a CAG repeat that encodes a polyglutamine tract in ATAXIN1 ( ATXN1 ) . Molecular and genetic data indicate that SCA1 is mainly caused by a gain-of-function mechanism . However , deletion of wild-type ATXN1 ... | Spinocerebellar Ataxia type 1 ( SCA1 ) is one of nine neurodegenerative diseases caused by an increase in the number of the amino acid glutamine in their respective proteins . Genetic studies have pointed to the fact that the glutamine expansion in Ataxin-1 causes SCA1 by causing Ataxin-1 to gain some function ( s ) . ... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"neuroscience/behavioral",
"neuroscience",
"neurological",
"disorders/movement",
"disorders",
"genetics",
"and",
"genomics/disease",
"models",
"genetics",
"and",
"genomics/gene",
"function",
"neurological",
"disorders/neurogenetics",
"cell",
"biology/gene",
"expression"
] | 2010 | Partial Loss of Ataxin-1 Function Contributes to Transcriptional Dysregulation in Spinocerebellar Ataxia Type 1 Pathogenesis |
Hypoxia-inducible factor ( HIF ) is a nuclear transcription factor that responds to environmental and pathological hypoxia to induce metabolic adaptation , vascular growth , and cell survival . Here we found that HIF subunits and HIF2α in particular were normally expressed in the mediobasal hypothalamus of mice . Hypot... | The hypothalamus in the brain is a master regulator of feeding and body weight . The regulation of it is mediated by the ability of the hypothalamus to sense nutrients ( most importantly glucose ) and hormones ( such as insulin and leptin ) . While hormone has been extensively studied , we know less about how the hypot... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"medicine"
] | 2011 | Hypoxia-Inducible Factor Directs POMC Gene to Mediate Hypothalamic Glucose Sensing and Energy Balance Regulation |
Leptospirosis is a worldwide bacterial zoonosis . Outbreaks of leptospirosis after heavy rainfall and flooding have been reported . However , few studies have formally quantified the effect of weather factors on leptospirosis incidence . We estimated the association between rainfall and leptospirosis cases in an urban ... | Leptospirosis is a worldwide bacterial zoonosis which is mainly transmitted through contact with water contaminated by rodents’ urine . It manifests with various symptoms , ranging from fever and muscle pain to a severe syndrome characterized by jaundice , renal failure and pulmonary hemorrhage . Outbreaks of leptospir... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Conclusions"
] | [
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"leptospira",
"pathology",
"and",
"laboratory",
"medicine",
"engineering",
"and",
"technology",
"atmospheric",
"science",
"pathogens",
"tropical",
"diseases",
"microbiology",
"vertebrates",
"animals",
"mammals",
"health",
"care",
... | 2018 | The non-linear and lagged short-term relationship between rainfall and leptospirosis and the intermediate role of floods in the Philippines |
Merkel cell polyomavirus ( MCPyV ) is an etiological agent of Merkel cell carcinoma ( MCC ) , a highly aggressive skin cancer . The MCPyV small tumor antigen ( ST ) is required for maintenance of MCC and can transform normal cells . To gain insight into cellular perturbations induced by MCPyV ST , we performed transcri... | In 2008 , Merkel cell polyomavirus ( MCPyV ) was identified as clonally integrated in a majority of Merkel cell carcinomas ( MCC ) , a rare but highly aggressive neuroendocrine carcinoma of the skin . Since then , studies have highlighted the roles of the MCPyV T antigens in promoting and sustaining MCC oncogenesis . I... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"cell",
"physiology",
"chemical",
"compounds",
"gene",
"regulation",
"metabolic",
"processes",
"carbohydrates",
"cell",
"metabolism",
"organic",
"compounds",
"glucose",
"glycolysis",
"genome",
"analysis",
"small",
"interfering",
"rnas",
"gene",
"expression",
"metabolic",
... | 2016 | Merkel Cell Polyomavirus Small T Antigen Promotes Pro-Glycolytic Metabolic Perturbations Required for Transformation |
Pneumolysin ( PLY ) is a key Streptococcus pneumoniae virulence factor and potential candidate for inclusion in pneumococcal subunit vaccines . Dendritic cells ( DC ) play a key role in the initiation and instruction of adaptive immunity , but the effects of PLY on DC have not been widely investigated . Endotoxin-free ... | Streptococcus pneumoniae ( pneumococcus ) is a pathogen of global significance , causing diseases including pneumonia , meningitis and septicaemia . In order to develop improved pneumococcal vaccines it is essential to understand how the bacterium interacts with the host immune system . Pneumococci produce a range of p... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"immunology/cellular",
"microbiology",
"and",
"pathogenesis",
"immunology/immunomodulation",
"immunology/immunity",
"to",
"infections",
"immunology/innate",
"immunity"
] | 2010 | Pneumolysin Activates the NLRP3 Inflammasome and Promotes Proinflammatory Cytokines Independently of TLR4 |
Control of onchocerciasis as a public health problem in Africa relies on annual mass ivermectin distribution . New tools are needed to achieve elimination of infection . This study determined in a small number of Onchocerca volvulus infected individuals whether moxidectin , a veterinary anthelminthic , is safe enough t... | Around 100 million Africans live in onchocerciasis endemic areas . Control of onchocerciasis as a public health problem and possibly even elimination of onchocerciasis infection relies on annual community-directed mass treatment with ivermectin . Given concerns about possible emergence of ivermectin resistance of the p... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"research",
"design",
"infectious",
"diseases",
"helminth",
"infections",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"clinical",
"medicine",
"clinical",
"research",
"design",
"phase",
"i",
"clinical",
"investigation",
"clinical",
"trials",
"phase",
"ii",
"clinical",
"in... | 2014 | A Randomized, Single-Ascending-Dose, Ivermectin-Controlled, Double-Blind Study of Moxidectin in Onchocerca volvulus Infection |
Identifying the genetic basis for mitochondrial diseases is technically challenging given the size of the mitochondrial proteome and the heterogeneity of disease presentations . Using next-generation exome sequencing , we identified in a patient with severe combined mitochondrial respiratory chain defects and correspon... | Mitochondrial disorders are clinically diverse , and identifying the underlying genetic mutations is technically challenging due to the large number of mitochondrial proteins . Using high-throughput sequencing technology , we identified a disease-causing mutation in the TRIT1 gene . This gene encodes an enzyme , tRNA i... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"biochemistry",
"rna",
"rna",
"structure",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"genetic",
"dominance",
"nucleic",
"acids",
"autosomal",
"recessive",
"traits",
"gene",
"identification",
"and",
"analysis",
"genetics",
"biology",
"and",
"life",
"sciences",
"molecula... | 2014 | Defective i6A37 Modification of Mitochondrial and Cytosolic tRNAs Results from Pathogenic Mutations in TRIT1 and Its Substrate tRNA |
Chemotaxis enhances the fitness of Salmonella enterica serotype Typhimurium ( S . Typhimurium ) during colitis . However , the chemotaxis receptors conferring this fitness advantage and their cognate signals generated during inflammation remain unknown . Here we identify respiratory electron acceptors that are generate... | The ability to thrive in the inflamed gut is crucial for Salmonella serotypes to ensure their transmission to a new host . Salmonella serotypes can use alternative electron acceptors that become available during colitis to support their growth by anaerobic respiration , therefore giving the pathogen an advantage over t... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"medicine",
"microbial",
"metabolism",
"infectious",
"diseases",
"microbial",
"physiology",
"microbial",
"pathogens",
"biology",
"microbiology",
"host-pathogen",
"interaction",
"gastrointestinal",
"infections"
] | 2013 | Salmonella Uses Energy Taxis to Benefit from Intestinal Inflammation |
Typhoid toxin is a virulence factor for Salmonella Typhi and Paratyphi , the cause of typhoid fever in humans . This toxin has a unique architecture in that its pentameric B subunit , made of PltB , is linked to two enzymatic A subunits , the ADP ribosyl transferase PltA and the deoxyribonuclease CdtB . Typhoid toxin i... | Typhoid toxin is an important virulence factor for the human pathogen Salmonella Typhi , the cause of typhoid fever . This toxin is composed of a pentameric “B” subunit linked to two enzymatic “A” subunits , resulting in an unusual A2B5 configuration . The B subunit targets the toxin’s enzymatic activities by interacti... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"methods"
] | [
"flow",
"cytometry",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"toxins",
"pathology",
"and",
"laboratory",
"medicine",
"endoplasmic",
"reticulum",
"cell",
"processes",
"toxicology",
"toxic",
"agents",
"bacterial",
"diseases",
"golgi",
"apparatus",
"cellular",
"structures... | 2019 | Unique features in the intracellular transport of typhoid toxin revealed by a genome-wide screen |
Many viruses attach to target cells by binding to cell-surface glycans . To gain a better understanding of strategies used by viruses to engage carbohydrate receptors , we determined the crystal structures of reovirus attachment protein σ1 in complex with α-2 , 3-sialyllactose , α-2 , 6-sialyllactose , and α-2 , 8-di-s... | Human reoviruses bind first with low affinity to a carbohydrate receptor that brings the virus in close proximity to the host cell . This interaction then facilitates high-affinity binding to a second receptor , the tight junction component junctional adhesion molecule-A ( JAM-A ) . While all human reoviruses bind JAM-... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"chemistry",
"biology"
] | 2011 | Crystal Structure of Reovirus Attachment Protein σ1 in Complex with Sialylated Oligosaccharides |
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