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article stringlengths 4.36k 149k | summary stringlengths 32 3.35k | section_headings listlengths 1 91 | keywords listlengths 0 141 | year stringclasses 13
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Domestic dogs can suffer from hearing losses that can have profound impacts on working ability and quality of life . We have identified a type of adult-onset hearing loss in Border Collies that appears to have a genetic cause , with an earlier age of onset ( 3–5 years ) than typically expected for aging dogs ( 8–10 yea... | The domestic dog offers a unique opportunity to study complex disorders similar to those seen in humans , but within the context of the much simpler genetic backgrounds of pure breeds , which represent closed populations . We performed a whole-genome search for genetic risk factors of adult-onset deafness in the Border... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"genome-wide",
"association",
"studies",
"animal",
"genetics",
"genetic",
"screens",
"genetics",
"biology",
"genetics",
"of",
"disease",
"genetics",
"and",
"genomics"
] | 2012 | Variation in Genes Related to Cochlear Biology Is Strongly Associated with Adult-Onset Deafness in Border Collies |
The budding of Nipah virus , a deadly member of the Henipavirus genus within the Paramyxoviridae , has been thought to be independent of the host ESCRT pathway , which is critical for the budding of many enveloped viruses . This conclusion was based on the budding properties of the virus matrix protein in the absence o... | Nipah virus is a deadly pathogen ( 40–100% mortality ) that has yearly outbreaks in Southeast Asia , resulting from spillover from its natural fruit bat reservoir . The viral C protein is one of only nine virus proteins , but its role in promoting virus replication is not fully understood . Here , we found that the C p... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"sequencing",
"techniques",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"pathology",
"and",
"laboratory",
"medicine",
"hek",
"293",
"cells",
"293t",
"cells",
"henipavirus",
"pathogens",
"biological",
"cultures",
"microbiology",
"viral",
"structure",
"viruses",
"fungi",
"... | 2016 | Nipah Virus C Protein Recruits Tsg101 to Promote the Efficient Release of Virus in an ESCRT-Dependent Pathway |
Concerns about the safety of Bisphenol A , a chemical found in plastics , receipts , food packaging and more , have led to its replacement with substitutes now found in a multitude of consumer products . However , several popular BPA-free alternatives , such as Bisphenol S , share a high degree of structural similarity... | The intricacy of dealing with chemical alternatives is particularly salient in the case of Bisphenol A which was largely driven out of commercial products in North America by consumer and NGO pressure . However , when choosing chemicals with similar physical attributes , substitutes are most often chosen among chemical... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"invertebrates",
"cell",
"death",
"ecology",
"and",
"environmental",
"sciences",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"reproductive",
"system",
"gonads",
"chemical",
"compounds",
"caenorhabditis",
"cell",
"processes",
"animals",
"organic",
"compounds",
"animal",
"mo... | 2016 | Exposure to the BPA-Substitute Bisphenol S Causes Unique Alterations of Germline Function |
Cystic echinococcosis ( CE ) is a parasitic disease caused by the tapeworm Echinococcus granulosus . Although present throughout Europe , deficiencies in the official reporting of CE result in under-reporting and misreporting of this disease , which in turn is reflected in the wrong opinion that CE is not an important ... | Cystic echinococcosis ( CE ) remains an important health problem in many regions of the world , including those where control programs have been implemented . In Spain , available information on CE is incomplete , and its importance tends to be underestimated due to underreporting and to the lack of compulsory notifica... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"cystic",
"echinococcosis",
"hospitalizations",
"invertebrates",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"tropical",
"diseases",
"geographical",
"locations",
"parasitic",
"diseases",
"animals",
"echinococcus",
"surgical",
"and",
"invasive",
"medical",
"procedures",
"health... | 2016 | Cystic Echinococcosis Epidemiology in Spain Based on Hospitalization Records, 1997-2012 |
Chagas disease is caused by the parasite Trypanosoma cruzi and is transmitted through triatomines ( Hemiptera: Reduviidae ) . In the last year , many studies of triatomine gut microbiota have outlined its potential role in modulating vector competence . However , little is known about the microbiota present in the sali... | Chagas disease is caused by the parasite Trypanosoma cruzi and is transmitted through triatomines ( Hemiptera: Reduviidae ) . It is estimated that over 10 000 people die every year from clinical manifestations of Chagas disease , and more than 25 million people risk acquiring the disease per year . Vector control remai... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Materials",
"and",
"methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"invertebrates",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"microbiome",
"pathology",
"and",
"laboratory",
"medicine",
"pathogens",
"microbiology",
"animals",
"animal",
"models",
"experimental",
"organism",
"systems",
"enterococcus",
"insect",
"vectors",
"triatoma",
"bacte... | 2018 | Bacterial community composition in the salivary glands of triatomines (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) |
Genome instability often arises at common fragile sites ( CFSs ) leading to cancer-associated chromosomal rearrangements . However , the underlying mechanisms of how CFS protection is achieved is not well understood . We demonstrate that BLM plays an important role in the maintenance of genome stability of structure-fo... | Common fragile sites ( CFSs ) are large chromosomal regions which are more prone to breakage than other places in the genome . They are a part of normal chromosome structure and are present in all human beings , but are also hotspots for chromosomal rearrangement during oncogenesis . Understanding how CFSs are protecte... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"methods"
] | [
"phosphorylation",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"genetic",
"networks",
"chromosome",
"structure",
"and",
"function",
"enzymes",
"vector-borne",
"diseases",
"enzymology",
"plasmid",
"construction",
"telomeres",
"dna",
"replication",
"network",
"analysis",
"dna"... | 2018 | BLM prevents instability of structure-forming DNA sequences at common fragile sites |
In budding yeast , the Pif1 DNA helicase is involved in the maintenance of both nuclear and mitochondrial genomes , but its role in these processes is still poorly understood . Here , we provide evidence for a new Pif1 function by demonstrating that its absence promotes genetic instability of alleles of the G-rich huma... | Changes in the primary DNA sequence are a major source of pathologies and cancers . The hereditary information also resides in secondary DNA structures , a layer of genetic information that remains poorly understood . Biophysical and structural studies have long established that , in vitro , the DNA molecule can adopt ... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"biophysics/replication",
"and",
"repair",
"biochemistry/replication",
"and",
"repair",
"genetics",
"and",
"genomics/chromosome",
"biology"
] | 2009 | The Yeast Pif1 Helicase Prevents Genomic Instability Caused by G-Quadruplex-Forming CEB1 Sequences In Vivo |
In a recent study , Rauschecker et al . convincingly demonstrate that visual words evoke neural activation signals in the Visual Word Form Area that can be classified based on where they were presented in the visual fields . This result goes against the prevailing consensus , and begs an explanation . We show that one ... | There is a mild form of modern “mind-reading” that involves , with heavy fMRI apparatus and software assistance , to guess from brain signals alone the locations of words that have been seen by a ( consenting ) subject . The recent surprise brought to us by Rauschecker et al . is not that we can currently do that , but... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Model"
] | [] | 2013 | The Lazy Visual Word Form Area: Computational Insights into Location-Sensitivity |
Our current understanding of the molecular mechanisms which regulate cellular processes such as vesicular trafficking has been enabled by conventional biochemical and microscopy techniques . However , these methods often obscure the heterogeneity of the cellular environment , thus precluding a quantitative assessment o... | In this paper we present the software package Molecular Interactions in Super Resolution ( MIiSR ) , which provides a series of quantitative analytical tools for measuring molecular interactions and the formation of higher-order molecular complexes in super-resolution microscopy images . | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Design",
"&",
"Implementation",
"Results",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [] | 2015 | MIiSR: Molecular Interactions in Super-Resolution Imaging Enables the Analysis of Protein Interactions, Dynamics and Formation of Multi-protein Structures |
Firing-rate models provide an attractive approach for studying large neural networks because they can be simulated rapidly and are amenable to mathematical analysis . Traditional firing-rate models assume a simple form in which the dynamics are governed by a single time constant . These models fail to replicate certain... | Neuronal responses are often characterized by the rate at which action potentials are generated rather than by the timing of individual spikes . Firing-rate descriptions of neural activity are appealing because of their comparative simplicity , but it is important to develop models that faithfully approximate dynamic f... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [] | 2013 | A Complex-Valued Firing-Rate Model That Approximates the Dynamics of Spiking Networks |
Complications arising from infection with the carcinogenic liver fluke Opisthorchis viverrini cause substantial morbidity and mortality in Thailand and adjacent lower Mekong countries . In parallel , the incidence rate of diabetes mellitus ( DM ) is increasing in this same region , and indeed worldwide . Many residents... | Infection with the food-borne liver fluke Opisthorchis viverrini frequently causes bile duct cancer , a prominent public health concern in the greater Mekong sub-region countries . In like fashion , diabetes mellitus is a major public health problem in this region and worldwide . The interrelationships of these two con... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Methods"
] | [
"biliary",
"system",
"invertebrates",
"innate",
"immune",
"system",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"liver",
"immune",
"physiology",
"cytokines",
"helminths",
"immunology",
"tropical",
"diseases",
"vertebrates",
"parasitic",
"diseases",
"animals",
"mammals",
"l... | 2018 | Co-occurrence of opisthorchiasis and diabetes exacerbates morbidity of the hepatobiliary tract disease |
Rhinoscleroma is a chronic granulomatous infection of the upper airways caused by the bacterium Klebsiella pneumoniae subsp . rhinoscleromatis . The disease is endemic in tropical and subtropical areas , but its diagnosis remains difficult . As a consequence , and despite available antibiotherapy , some patients evolve... | In humans , the bacterium Klebsiella pneumoniae subsp . rhinoscleromatis ( also called clone Rhinoscleromatis , as it evolved from a single Klebsiella pneumoniae ancestral strain ) causes rhinoscleroma , a chronic infection of the nose and throat . Identification of the bacterium from biopsies or nasal secretions is es... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"infectious",
"diseases/neglected",
"tropical",
"diseases",
"microbiology/microbial",
"evolution",
"and",
"genomics",
"infectious",
"diseases/respiratory",
"infections",
"infectious",
"diseases/bacterial",
"infections",
"microbiology/microbial",
"physiology",
"and",
"metabolism",
... | 2011 | PCR-Based Identification of Klebsiella pneumoniae subsp. rhinoscleromatis, the Agent of Rhinoscleroma |
A neural field model is presented that captures the essential non-linear characteristics of activity dynamics across several millimeters of visual cortex in response to local flashed and moving stimuli . We account for physiological data obtained by voltage-sensitive dye ( VSD ) imaging which reports mesoscopic populat... | Understanding the functioning of the primary visual cortex requires characterization of the non-linear dynamics that underlie visual perception and of how the cortical architecture gives rise to these dynamics . Recent advances in real-time voltage-sensitive dye ( VSD ) imaging permit recording of cortical population a... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"neuroscience/cognitive",
"neuroscience",
"computational",
"biology/computational",
"neuroscience"
] | 2010 | A Dynamic Neural Field Model of Mesoscopic Cortical Activity Captured with Voltage-Sensitive Dye Imaging |
A small open reading frame ( ORF ) , pipo , overlaps with the P3 coding region of the potyviral polyprotein ORF . Previous evidence suggested a requirement for pipo for efficient viral cell-to-cell movement . Here , we provide immunoblotting evidence that the protein PIPO is expressed as a trans-frame protein consistin... | The Potyviridae is the largest and most economically important family of plant viruses . A key step in the life cycle of all plant viruses is transport of the viral genome through the plasmodesmata , highly regulated channels that connect cells . While the mechanisms of cell-to-cell movement of many plant viruses have ... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"cellular",
"structures",
"rna",
"transport",
"viral",
"transmission",
"and",
"infection",
"plant",
"biology",
"plant",
"cell",
"biology",
"plant",
"cell",
"wall",
"microbiology",
"host-pathogen",
"interaction",
"plant",
"physiology",
"mechanisms",
"of",
"resistance",
... | 2012 | Interaction of the Trans-Frame Potyvirus Protein P3N-PIPO with Host Protein PCaP1 Facilitates Potyvirus Movement |
Influenza A virus causes annual epidemics which affect millions of people worldwide . A recent Influenza pandemic brought new awareness over the health impact of the disease . It is thought that a severe inflammatory response against the virus contributes to disease severity and death . Therefore , modulating the effec... | Influenza virus causes disease that affects people from different age , gender or social conditions . The illness spreads easily and affects millions of people every year . Vaccines are effective preventive approaches , but the high degree of viral antigenic drift requires annual formulation . Anti-viral drugs are used... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Methods"
] | [
"infectious",
"diseases/viral",
"infections",
"immunology/immunity",
"to",
"infections",
"virology/animal",
"models",
"of",
"infection",
"infectious",
"diseases/respiratory",
"infections"
] | 2010 | Platelet-Activating Factor Receptor Plays a Role in Lung Injury and Death Caused by Influenza A in Mice |
Metabolic efficiency depends on the balance between supply and demand of metabolites , which is sensitive to environmental and physiological fluctuations , or noise , causing shortages or surpluses in the metabolic pipeline . How cells can reliably optimize biomass production in the presence of metabolic fluctuations i... | In bacteria , changes in gene expression , with resulting changes in protein concentration , can drastically change how fast cells and cellular populations grow . This fact has big implications for how we treat infectious disease , which types of organisms make up our microbiomes , and what patterns of gene regulation ... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Methods"
] | [
"antimicrobials",
"cell",
"physiology",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"chemical",
"compounds",
"disaccharides",
"pathology",
"and",
"laboratory",
"medicine",
"drugs",
"enzymology",
"microbiology",
"carbohydrates",
"cell",
"metabolism",
"organic",
"compounds",
"... | 2016 | Cellular Growth Arrest and Persistence from Enzyme Saturation |
The leishmanicidal action of tricyclic antidepressants has been studied and evidences have pointed that their action is linked to inhibition of trypanothione reductase , a key enzyme in the redox metabolism of pathogenic trypanosomes . Cyclobenzaprine ( CBP ) is a tricyclic structurally related to the antidepressant am... | Leishmaniasis is the denomination of a worldwide widespread group of tropical neglected diseases caused by protozoa belonging to Leishmania genus . Several factors have competed to worsen its spreading , such as climate changes and the recent conflict in Syria . The visceral form is the most severe among them and it is... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Conclusion"
] | [
"blood",
"cells",
"innate",
"immune",
"system",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"neurochemistry",
"immune",
"cells",
"immune",
"physiology",
"cytokines",
"immunology",
"tropical",
"diseases",
"microbiology",
"neuroscience",
"protozoan",
"life",
"cycles",
"paras... | 2017 | Cyclobenzaprine Raises ROS Levels in Leishmania infantum and Reduces Parasite Burden in Infected Mice |
Since IL-37 transgenic mice possesses broad anti-inflammatory properties , we assessed whether recombinant IL-37 affects inflammation in a murine model of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis . Recombinant human IL-37 was injected intraperitoneally into mice prior to infection and the effects on lung inflammation and infla... | IL-37 , firstly identified by in silico research in the year 2000 , is a member of the IL-1 family . The biological properties of IL-37 are mainly those of down-regulating inflammation in models of septic shock , chemical colitis , cardiac ischemia and contact dermatitis . Whether and how IL-37 down-regulates the infla... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"inflammation",
"immunity",
"biology",
"and",
"life",
"sciences",
"immunology",
"immune",
"response"
] | 2014 | IL-37 Inhibits Inflammasome Activation and Disease Severity in Murine Aspergillosis |
Mammalian cell cultures are intrinsically heterogeneous at different scales ( molecular to bioreactor ) . The cell cycle is at the centre of capturing heterogeneity since it plays a critical role in the growth , death , and productivity of mammalian cell cultures . Current cell cycle models use biological variables ( m... | The cell cycle is a complex regulatory network that influences not only growth and division , but also other relevant cellular events ( e . g . death , productivity , etc . ) . The development of biologically accurate cell cycle models can help to systematically study mammalian cell cultures . However , the inclusion o... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [] | 2015 | Cyclin and DNA Distributed Cell Cycle Model for GS-NS0 Cells |
Biological systems often change their responsiveness when subject to persistent stimulation , a phenomenon termed adaptation . In neural systems , this process is often selective , allowing the system to adapt to one stimulus while preserving its sensitivity to another . In some studies , it has been shown that adaptat... | Our mind continuously adapts to background sensory events while preserving and even enhancing its sensitivity to deviant objects . In the visual modality , for instance , a target violating a surrounding pattern is easily detected , a phenomenon termed “pop-out . ” Indeed , the automatic attention we pay to the irregul... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"neuroscience",
"in",
"vitro",
"computational",
"biology"
] | 2008 | Selective Adaptation in Networks of Heterogeneous Populations: Model, Simulation, and Experiment |
Recent advances demonstrated that liver dendritic cells ( DCs ) promote immunologic hyporesponsiveness that may contribute to hepatic tolerance . Although there has been significant work on the phenotypic and functional roles of such DCs , the impact of liver microenvironment on the immune properties of infected DC is ... | Because of its location and function , the liver is continuously exposed to a wide range of antigens . Pathogenic microorganisms must be eliminated while a large number of dietary or commensal organism antigens and hepatic metabolites must be tolerated . Therefore , the liver has developed a specialized immune system t... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"microbiology/immunity",
"to",
"infections",
"immunology/immunomodulation",
"gastroenterology",
"and",
"hepatology/hepatology",
"microbiology/parasitology",
"infectious",
"diseases/protozoal",
"infections"
] | 2010 | Immunostimulatory Properties of Dendritic Cells after Leishmania donovani Infection Using an In Vitro Model of Liver Microenvironment |
Extensive efforts have been made to understand genomic function through both experimental and computational approaches , yet proper annotation still remains challenging , especially in non-coding regions . In this manuscript , we introduce GenoSkyline , an unsupervised learning framework to predict tissue-specific func... | Genome-wide association study has been a productive approach to studying human complex diseases in the past decade , yet challenges still remain in both identifying and interpreting disease-associated loci . In our previous work , we showed that integrated analysis of GWAS summary statistics and genomic functional anno... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Methods"
] | [
"genome-wide",
"association",
"studies",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"functional",
"genomics",
"body",
"fluids",
"cardiovascular",
"anatomy",
"human",
"genomics",
"genome",
"analysis",
"genome",
"annotation",
"genomic",
"signal",
"processing",
"genetic",
"l... | 2016 | Integrative Tissue-Specific Functional Annotations in the Human Genome Provide Novel Insights on Many Complex Traits and Improve Signal Prioritization in Genome Wide Association Studies |
The Ras superfamily comprises many guanine nucleotide-binding proteins ( G proteins ) that are essential to intracellular signal transduction . The guanine nucleotide-dependent intrinsic flexibility patterns of five G proteins were investigated in atomic detail through Molecular Dynamics simulations of the GDP- and GTP... | The Ras superfamily comprises many guanine nucleotide-binding proteins ( G proteins ) that are essential to intracellular signal transduction . These proteins act biologically as molecular switches cycling between ON and OFF states , thereby controlling a variety of processes ranging from cell growth and differentiatio... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Methods"
] | [
"computational",
"biology/molecular",
"dynamics",
"biophysics/cell",
"signaling",
"and",
"trafficking",
"structures",
"biophysics/theory",
"and",
"simulation"
] | 2011 | Nucleotide Binding Switches the Information Flow in Ras GTPases |
A goal of genomics is to understand the relationships between biological processes . Pathways contribute to functional interplay within biological processes through complex but poorly understood interactions . However , limited functional references for global pathway relationships exist . Pathways from databases such ... | Genes do not function alone , but interact within pathways to carry out specific biological processes . Pathways , in turn , interact at a higher level to affect major cellular activities such as motility , growth and development . We present a pathway coexpression network ( PCxN ) that systematically maps and quantifi... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"methods"
] | [
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"genetic",
"networks",
"neurodegenerative",
"diseases",
"cell",
"cycle",
"and",
"cell",
"division",
"protein",
"interaction",
"networks",
"cell",
"processes",
"network",
"analysis",
"bioassays",
"and",
"physiological",
"analysis"... | 2018 | The Pathway Coexpression Network: Revealing pathway relationships |
Viruses are obligatory parasites that depend on host cellular factors for their replication as well as for their local and systemic movement to establish infection . Although myosin motors are thought to contribute to plant virus infection , their exact roles in the specific infection steps have not been addressed . He... | Viruses are parasites that require the host cell machinery for their propagation within and between cells . Myosins are molecular motors involved in the trafficking of cargos along actin filaments . Plant viruses have evolved to borrow this transport mechanism to aid their infection and spread within the plant . Howeve... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"plant",
"science",
"plant",
"viral",
"pathogens",
"cell",
"biology",
"plant",
"pathogens",
"plant",
"cell",
"biology",
"plant",
"pathology",
"biology",
"and",
"life",
"sciences"
] | 2014 | Myosins VIII and XI Play Distinct Roles in Reproduction and Transport of Tobacco Mosaic Virus |
Endogenous 24 nt short interfering RNAs ( siRNAs ) , derived mostly from intergenic and repetitive genomic regions , constitute a major class of endogenous small RNAs in flowering plants . Accumulation of Arabidopsis thaliana 24 nt siRNAs requires the Dicer family member DCL3 , and clear homologs of DCL3 exist in both ... | Very small RNAs ( between ∼21 and ∼30 single-stranded bases ) are a ubiquitous component of gene regulation in nearly all eukaryotic organisms . The small RNA repertoire of angiosperms ( the flowering plants ) is exceptionally diverse and includes conspicuous populations of 21 nt microRNAs , as well a diverse set of 24... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"plant",
"biology/plant",
"genomes",
"and",
"evolution",
"plant",
"biology",
"genetics",
"and",
"genomics/plant",
"genomes",
"and",
"evolution",
"genetics",
"and",
"genomics/epigenetics",
"plant",
"biology/plant",
"genetics",
"and",
"gene",
"expression",
"genetics",
"an... | 2008 | Physcomitrella patens DCL3 Is Required for 22–24 nt siRNA Accumulation, Suppression of Retrotransposon-Derived Transcripts, and Normal Development |
Preventive chemotherapy against schistosomiasis has been implemented since 2005 in Mali , targeting school-age children and adults at high risk . A cross-sectional survey was conducted in 2010 to evaluate the impact of repeated treatment among school-age children in the highly-endemic region of Segou . The survey was c... | Schistosomiasis or bilharzia is caused by infection with the trematode Schistosoma spp . It is widely prevalent in Mali , causing a major public health problem . One of the major control measures is mass treatment of population at risk , particularly school-age children , using the drug praziquantel . Mali started such... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"medicine",
"infectious",
"diseases",
"schistosomiasis",
"public",
"health",
"and",
"epidemiology",
"epidemiology",
"infectious",
"disease",
"epidemiology",
"neglected",
"tropical",
"diseases",
"infectious",
"disease",
"control",
"parasitic",
"diseases"
] | 2012 | Significantly Reduced Intensity of Infection but Persistent Prevalence of Schistosomiasis in a Highly Endemic Region in Mali after Repeated Treatment |
Several Zika virus ( ZIKV ) vaccines designed to elicit protective antibody ( Ab ) responses are currently under rapid development , but the underlying mechanisms that control the magnitude and quality of the Ab response remain unclear . Here , we investigated the CD4+ T cell response to primary intravenous and intrava... | Several vaccine candidates are currently under development for Zika virus ( ZIKV ) infection , which causes life-threatening neurologic diseases , including congenital Zika syndrome in neonates and Guillain-Barré syndrome in adults . However , the mechanisms by which the adaptive immune system contributes to protection... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Methods"
] | [
"blood",
"cells",
"flow",
"cytometry",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"immune",
"cells",
"pathology",
"and",
"laboratory",
"medicine",
"pathogens",
"animal",
"models",
"of",
"disease",
"immunology",
"microbiology",
"cloning",
"animal",
"models",
"viruses",
... | 2019 | CD4+ T cells promote humoral immunity and viral control during Zika virus infection |
Scorpionism is a public health problem in Brazil , and Tityus serrulatus ( Ts ) is primarily responsible for severe accidents . The main toxic components of Ts venom are low-molecular-weight neurotoxins; however , the venom also contains poorly characterized high-molecular-weight enzymes . Hyaluronidase is one such enz... | In Brazil , accidents with scorpion stings have been a serious public health problem , and Tityus serrulatus ( Ts ) is primarily responsible for severe accidents . Therefore , efforts have been made to understand the characteristics of the molecules present in scorpion venoms . These venoms are complex mixtures , in wh... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"biochemistry",
"proteins",
"enzymes",
"genetics",
"molecular",
"genetics",
"immunology",
"biology",
"toxicology"
] | 2014 | Molecular, Immunological, and Biological Characterization of Tityus serrulatus Venom Hyaluronidase: New Insights into Its Role in Envenomation |
Mammalian thalamocortical relay ( TCR ) neurons switch their firing activity between a tonic spiking and a bursting regime . In a combined experimental and computational study , we investigated the features in the input signal that single spikes and bursts in the output spike train represent and how this code is influe... | Neurons in the brain respond to ( sensory ) stimuli by generating electrical pulses called ‘spikes’ or ‘action potentials’ . Spikes are organized in different temporal patterns , such as ‘bursts’ in which they occur at a high frequency followed by a period of silence . Bursts are ubiquitous in the nervous system: they ... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"action",
"potentials",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"nervous",
"system",
"depolarization",
"membrane",
"potential",
"random",
"variables",
"electrophysiology",
"neuroscience",
"covariance",
"mathematics",
"tcr",
"signaling",
"cascade",
"neuronal",
"dendrites",
... | 2018 | Spike and burst coding in thalamocortical relay cells |
It is generally believed that susceptibility to both organ-specific and systemic autoimmune diseases is under polygenic control . Although multiple genes have been implicated in each type of autoimmune disease , few are known to have a significant impact on both . Here , we investigated the significance of polymorphism... | When an individual's immune system attacks self tissues or organs , he/she develops autoimmune diseases . Although it is well established that multiple genes control susceptibility to autoimmune diseases , most of the genes remain unidentified . In addition , although different autoimmune diseases have a common immunol... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods",
"Supporting",
"Information"
] | [
"genetics",
"and",
"genomics",
"rheumatology",
"neurological",
"disorders",
"vertebrates"
] | 2007 | A Dinucleotide Deletion in CD24 Confers Protection against Autoimmune Diseases |
Ants , termites and humans often form well-organized and highly efficient trails between different locations . Yet the microscopic traffic rules responsible for this organization and efficiency are not fully understood . In previous experimental studies with leaf-cutting ants ( Atta colombica ) , a set of local priorit... | Ants often form trails to transport food and supplies they find back to their nest . These trails have a function similar to the roads that connect people’s homes with the local mall , but while the traffic rules that cars on our roads are supposed to follow are well known the traffic rules ants use on their trails are... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Models",
"and",
"methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"invertebrates",
"plant",
"anatomy",
"engineering",
"and",
"technology",
"transportation",
"social",
"sciences",
"animals",
"habits",
"transportation",
"infrastructure",
"roads",
"simulation",
"and",
"modeling",
"plant",
"science",
"animal",
"behavior",
"zoology",
"animal... | 2018 | Self-organized traffic via priority rules in leaf-cutting ants |
Retinoic acid inducible gene-I ( RIG-I ) is an innate RNA sensor that recognizes the influenza A virus ( IAV ) RNA genome and activates antiviral host responses . Here , we demonstrate that RIG-I signaling plays a crucial role in restricting IAV tropism and regulating host immune responses . Mice deficient in the RIG-I... | Retinoic acid inducible gene-I ( RIG-I ) is a cytosolic RNA sensor that detects influenza virus infection and has been previously shown to be critical for controlling influenza virus replication in cell culture systems . Here , we performed studies in mice with defects in the RIG-I pathway to understand its role in ini... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"blood",
"cells",
"flow",
"cytometry",
"innate",
"immune",
"system",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"antigen",
"presentation",
"immune",
"cells",
"pathology",
"and",
"laboratory",
"medicine",
"respiratory",
"infections",
"pathogens",
"immunology",
"microbiolog... | 2016 | RIG-I Signaling Is Critical for Efficient Polyfunctional T Cell Responses during Influenza Virus Infection |
The rapidly expanding body of available genomic and protein structural data provides a rich resource for understanding protein dynamics with biomolecular simulation . While computational infrastructure has grown rapidly , simulations on an omics scale are not yet widespread , primarily because software infrastructure t... | Proteins are the workhorses of the human body , and are involved in essentially every biological process . Many diseases are caused by proteins malfunctioning . To understand how a protein functions , it is necessary to know its physical properties . The field of structural biology provides many techniques for determin... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Design",
"and",
"Implementation",
"Results",
"Availability",
"and",
"Future",
"Directions"
] | [
"sequencing",
"techniques",
"crystal",
"structure",
"enzymes",
"split-decomposition",
"method",
"condensed",
"matter",
"physics",
"enzymology",
"simulation",
"and",
"modeling",
"multiple",
"alignment",
"calculation",
"protein",
"structure",
"molecular",
"biology",
"techniqu... | 2016 | Ensembler: Enabling High-Throughput Molecular Simulations at the Superfamily Scale |
Innate immunity recognizes bacterial molecules bearing pathogen-associated molecular patterns to launch inflammatory responses leading to the activation of adaptive immunity . However , the lipopolysaccharide ( LPS ) of the gram-negative bacterium Brucella lacks a marked pathogen-associated molecular pattern , and it h... | Brucellosis is one of the most extended bacterial zoonosis in the world and an important cause of economic losses and human suffering . The causative agents belong to the genus Brucella , a group of highly infectious gram-negative bacteria characterized by their ability to escape early detection by innate immunity . Th... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"biology"
] | 2012 | The Lipopolysaccharide Core of Brucella abortus Acts as a Shield Against Innate Immunity Recognition |
Formation of the dorsal-ventral axis of the sea urchin embryo relies on cell interactions initiated by the TGFβ Nodal . Intriguingly , although nodal expression is restricted to the ventral side of the embryo , Nodal function is required for specification of both the ventral and the dorsal territories and is able to re... | During early development of many organisms , patterning along the dorsal-ventral axis is regulated by the activities of two signaling centers located on the ventral and dorsal sides of the embryo . One of these centers produces growth factors of the BMP family that act as morphogens , whereas the other center secretes ... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"developmental",
"biology/pattern",
"formation",
"developmental",
"biology/developmental",
"evolution",
"developmental",
"biology/developmental",
"molecular",
"mechanisms",
"developmental",
"biology/morphogenesis",
"and",
"cell",
"biology"
] | 2009 | Patterning of the Dorsal-Ventral Axis in Echinoderms: Insights into the Evolution of the BMP-Chordin Signaling Network |
Inferring the ancestral dynamics of effective population size is a long-standing question in population genetics , which can now be tackled much more accurately thanks to the massive genomic data available in many species . Several promising methods that take advantage of whole-genome sequences have been recently devel... | Molecular data sampled from extant individuals contains considerable information about their demographic history . In particular , one classical question in population genetics is to reconstruct past population size changes from such data . Relating these changes to various climatic , geological or anthropogenic events... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Methods"
] | [
"livestock",
"ruminants",
"neural",
"networks",
"demography",
"population",
"genetics",
"computational",
"biology",
"vertebrates",
"neuroscience",
"animals",
"mammals",
"effective",
"population",
"size",
"population",
"biology",
"computer",
"and",
"information",
"sciences",... | 2016 | Inferring Population Size History from Large Samples of Genome-Wide Molecular Data - An Approximate Bayesian Computation Approach |
Developing control policies for zoonotic diseases is challenging , both because of the complex spread dynamics exhibited by these diseases , and because of the need for implementing complex multi-species surveillance and control efforts using limited resources . Mathematical models , and in particular network models , ... | Zoonotic diseases ( ones that infect both animals and humans ) exact a significant economic and human cost , especially in developing economies . Developing effective policies for mitigating zoonotic infections is often challenging , both because of the complexity of their spread and because very limited resources must... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"medicine",
"control",
"engineering",
"computer",
"science",
"veterinary",
"diseases",
"public",
"health",
"and",
"epidemiology",
"computer",
"modeling",
"veterinary",
"epidemiology",
"epidemiology",
"animal",
"management",
"veterinary",
"science",
"agriculture"
] | 2011 | A Network Control Theory Approach to Modeling and Optimal Control of Zoonoses: Case Study of Brucellosis Transmission in Sub-Saharan Africa |
Scrub typhus , caused by a Gram-negative obligately intracellular coccobacillus , Orientia tsutsugamushi , is a long neglected but important tropical disease . Orientia tsutsugamushi causes illness in one million people each year , and 1 billion people are at risk . Without appropriate diagnosis and treatment , the dis... | Scrub typhus is a febrile illness that can be life-threatening without appropriate treatment . It is caused by a gram-negative , obligately intracellular bacterium , Orientia tsutsugamushi . Approximately one million people annually are infected globally , mainly in the Asia-Pacific area . Unfortunately , no vaccine ha... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Materials",
"and",
"methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"blood",
"cells",
"cell",
"death",
"typhus",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"immune",
"cells",
"pathology",
"and",
"laboratory",
"medicine",
"pathogens",
"immunology",
"cell",
"processes",
"microbiology",
"animal",
"models",
"bacterial",
"diseases",
"clinica... | 2017 | CD8+ T cells provide immune protection against murine disseminated endotheliotropic Orientia tsutsugamushi infection |
Slipped-strand DNAs , formed by out-of-register mispairing of repeat units on complementary strands , were proposed over 55 years ago as transient intermediates in repeat length mutations , hypothesized to cause at least 40 neurodegenerative diseases . While slipped-DNAs have been characterized in vitro , evidence of s... | Over 30 diseases are caused by the expansion of a trinucleotide repeat ( TNR ) in a specific gene , including the most common adult-onset form of muscular dystrophy , myotonic dystrophy ( DM1 ) . The mechanistic contributors to this unstable ( TNR ) expansion are not fully known , although since the discovery of these ... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [] | 2013 | Detection of Slipped-DNAs at the Trinucleotide Repeats of the Myotonic Dystrophy Type I Disease Locus in Patient Tissues |
Due to its vital importance in the supply of cellular pathways with energy and precursors , glycolysis has been studied for several decades regarding its capacity and regulation . For a systems-level understanding of the Madin-Darby canine kidney ( MDCK ) cell metabolism , we couple a segregated cell growth model publi... | Glycolysis generates biomass precursors and energy from sugars and is therefore a key element in the metabolism of mammalian cells . Changes in its activity greatly affect cellular function which is often recognized as metabolic disease but also as opportunity for the design of efficient bioprocesses . Metabolic resear... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"biotechnology",
"bioengineering",
"systems",
"biology",
"biological",
"systems",
"engineering",
"computer",
"and",
"information",
"sciences",
"network",
"analysis",
"biology",
"and",
"life",
"sciences",
"metabolic",
"networks",
"computational",
"biology"
] | 2014 | Glycolysis Is Governed by Growth Regime and Simple Enzyme Regulation in Adherent MDCK Cells |
The WHO ‘Global Strategy for Dengue Prevention and Control , 2012–2020’ addresses the growing need for the treatment of dengue , and targets a 25% reduction in morbidity and 50% in mortality ( using 2010 estimates as baseline ) . Achieving these goals requires future dengue prevention strategies that will employ both p... | Dengue is the fastest spreading mosquito-borne viral infection . Infections cause mild to severe diseases , including dengue hemorrhagic fever ( DHF ) , a severe form that may kill infants and young children . Dengue virus antibody transfer from mother to fetus in pregnancy confers protection at birth , thereafter subs... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [] | 2015 | Neutralizing Dengue Antibody in Pregnant Thai Women and Cord Blood |
Recessive osteogenesis imperfecta ( OI ) is caused by defects in proteins involved in post-translational interactions with type I collagen . Recently , a novel form of moderately severe OI caused by null mutations in TMEM38B was identified . TMEM38B encodes the ER membrane monovalent cation channel , TRIC-B , proposed ... | Osteogenesis imperfecta ( OI ) is a heritable disorder of connective tissues characterized by fracture susceptibility and growth deficiency . Most OI cases are caused by autosomal dominant mutations in the genes encoding type I collagen , COL1A1 and COL1A2 . Delineation of novel gene defects causing dominant and recess... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"rheumatology",
"deletion",
"mutation",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"collagen",
"diseases",
"fibroblasts",
"collagens",
"physiological",
"processes",
"mutation",
"osteoblasts",
"connective",
"tissue",
"cells",
"nonsense",
"mutation",
"cellular",
"structures",
... | 2016 | Absence of the ER Cation Channel TMEM38B/TRIC-B Disrupts Intracellular Calcium Homeostasis and Dysregulates Collagen Synthesis in Recessive Osteogenesis Imperfecta |
Ribosome biogenesis underpins cell growth and division . Disruptions in ribosome biogenesis and translation initiation are deleterious to development and underlie a spectrum of diseases known collectively as ribosomopathies . Here , we describe a novel zebrafish mutant , titania ( ttis450 ) , which harbours a recessive... | Autophagy is an act of self-preservation whereby a cell responds to stressful conditions such as nutrient depletion and intense muscular activity by digesting its own cytoplasmic organelles and proteins to fuel its longer-term survival . An understanding of the wide spectrum of physiological stimuli that can trigger th... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"cell",
"death",
"cellular",
"stress",
"responses",
"cancer",
"genetics",
"genetic",
"mutation",
"gene",
"regulation",
"anatomy",
"and",
"physiology",
"epithelial",
"cells",
"gene",
"function",
"animal",
"models",
"developmental",
"biology",
"protein",
"synthesis",
"m... | 2013 | Autophagy Induction Is a Tor- and Tp53-Independent Cell Survival Response in a Zebrafish Model of Disrupted Ribosome Biogenesis |
Canine vaccination has been successful in controlling rabies in diverse settings worldwide . However , concerns remain that coverage levels which have previously been sufficient might be insufficient in systems where transmission occurs both between and within populations of domestic dogs and other carnivores . To eval... | The vaccination of dogs against rabies is an effective method for the control of the disease and its transmission to humans in many locations , including in North America and Europe . However , vaccination coverage for only dogs might be insufficient in countries such as Tanzania , where wildlife has been shown to also... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"medicine",
"public",
"health",
"and",
"epidemiology",
"infectious",
"disease",
"epidemiology",
"applied",
"mathematics",
"rabies",
"mathematics",
"global",
"health",
"neglected",
"tropical",
"diseases",
"population",
"biology",
"infectious",
"disease",
"control",
"epidem... | 2012 | Potential for Rabies Control through Dog Vaccination in Wildlife-Abundant Communities of Tanzania |
The target of rapamycin ( TOR ) kinase coordinately regulates fundamental metabolic and cellular processes to support growth , proliferation , survival , and differentiation , and consequently it has been proposed as a therapeutic target for the treatment of cancer , metabolic disease , and aging . The TOR kinase is fo... | The target of rapamycin ( TOR ) kinase acts as a conserved sensor of energy status and governs diverse functions such as metabolism , growth , and cell size via two separate multiprotein complexes . TOR complex 1 ( TORC1 ) , which is sensitive to the immunosuppressant drug rapamycin , is well understood but the physiol... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"cell",
"biology",
"physiology",
"genetics",
"and",
"genomics"
] | 2009 | Rictor/TORC2 Regulates Caenorhabditis elegans Fat Storage, Body Size, and Development through sgk-1 |
Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 ( HTLV-1 ) is the causal agent of a neoplastic disease of CD4+ T cells , adult T-cell leukemia ( ATL ) , and inflammatory diseases including HTLV-1 associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis , dermatitis , and inflammatory lung diseases . ATL cells , which constitutively expre... | Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 ( HTLV-1 ) is the first retrovirus that is associated with human diseases including an aggressive leukemia derived from CD4+ T cells , adult T-cell leukemia ( ATL ) , and chronic inflammatory diseases of the central nervous system , lung , or skin . However , it remains to be elucidat... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"virology/animal",
"models",
"of",
"infection",
"virology/viruses",
"and",
"cancer",
"virology/immune",
"evasion",
"virology/effects",
"of",
"virus",
"infection",
"on",
"host",
"gene",
"expression"
] | 2011 | HTLV-1 bZIP Factor Induces T-Cell Lymphoma and Systemic Inflammation In Vivo |
The Notch signaling pathway controls numerous cell fate decisions during development and adulthood through diverse mechanisms . Thus , whereas it functions as an oscillator during somitogenesis , it can mediate an all-or-none cell fate switch to influence pattern formation in various tissues during development . Furthe... | The Notch signaling pathway is an evolutionarily conserved signaling system that is involved in various cell fate decisions , both during development of an organism and during adulthood . While the same core circuit functions in various different cellular contexts , it has experimentally been shown to elicit varied beh... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"cell",
"biology/cell",
"signaling",
"developmental",
"biology/cell",
"differentiation",
"computational",
"biology/signaling",
"networks"
] | 2009 | Computational Models of the Notch Network Elucidate Mechanisms of
Context-dependent Signaling |
Drug resistant pathogens are one of the key public health challenges of the 21st century . There is a widespread belief that resistance is best managed by using drugs to rapidly eliminate target pathogens from patients so as to minimize the probability that pathogens acquire resistance de novo . Yet strong drug pressur... | Drug-resistance is a major public health problem . Conventional wisdom on resistance management is to use aggressive chemotherapy to kill pathogens as rapidly as possible so as to prevent them from acquiring resistance . This is the reason why physicians frequently exhort patients to finish drug courses even after they... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"medicine",
"evolutionary",
"ecology",
"non-clinical",
"medicine",
"ecology",
"microbial",
"evolution",
"parasite",
"evolution",
"evolutionary",
"selection",
"biology",
"microbiology",
"evolutionary",
"biology",
"evidence-based",
"medicine",
"public",
"health",
"evolutionary"... | 2013 | Aggressive Chemotherapy and the Selection of Drug Resistant Pathogens |
Mycobacterium bovis ( M . bovis ) is the main causative agent of bovine zoonotic tuberculosis . The aim of this systematic review is to highlight the occupational exposure to bovine tuberculosis due to M . bovis . A computer based literature search was carried out to identify papers published between January 2006 and M... | Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex causes tuberculosis , a widespread burden for humans , and other mammals . It includes Mycobacterium bovis which is responsible for zoonotic tuberculosis . Bovine tuberculosis infection in human historically occurs following consumption of unpasteurised dairy products . However , tran... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"livestock",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"bovine",
"tuberculosis",
"respiratory",
"infections",
"tropical",
"diseases",
"pulmonology",
"bacterial",
"diseases",
"bacteria",
"veterinary",
"science",
"veterinary",
"medicine",
"infectious",
"diseases",
"veterinary"... | 2018 | Occupational exposure to human Mycobacterium bovis infection: A systematic review |
Toxoplasma gondii contains an expanded number of calmodulin ( CaM ) -like proteins whose functions are poorly understood . Using a combination of CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene editing and a plant-like auxin-induced degron ( AID ) system , we examined the roles of three apically localized CaMs . CaM1 and CaM2 were individua... | One of the most common motifs that binds calcium to transduce intracellular signals is called an EF hand- named after the globular domain structure first characterized in ovalbumin . A conserved cluster of four EF hands , each of which that binds one calcium atom , is a conserved feature of calmodulin , centrins , and ... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Materials",
"and",
"methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"chemical",
"compounds",
"toxoplasma",
"gondii",
"cloning",
"parasitic",
"protozoans",
"organic",
"compounds",
"plasmid",
"construction",
"hormones",
"membrane",
"proteins",
"plant",
"science",
"molecular",
"motors",
"protozoans",
"actin",
"motors",
"toxoplasma",
"plant",... | 2017 | Calmodulin-like proteins localized to the conoid regulate motility and cell invasion by Toxoplasma gondii |
Expression of all Yersinia pathogenicity factors encoded on the virulence plasmid , including the yop effector and the ysc type III secretion genes , is controlled by the transcriptional activator LcrF in response to temperature . Here , we show that a protein- and RNA-dependent hierarchy of thermosensors induce LcrF s... | Many important virulence genes remain silent at moderate temperatures in external environments and are rapidly and strongly induced by a sudden temperature upshift sensed upon host entry . Thermal activation of virulence gene transcription is frequently described , but post-transcriptional control mechanisms implicated... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Material",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"biology",
"microbiology",
"bacterial",
"pathogens"
] | 2012 | Concerted Actions of a Thermo-labile Regulator and a Unique Intergenic RNA Thermosensor Control Yersinia Virulence |
The most important way of conveying new findings in biomedical research is scientific publication . Extraction of protein–protein interactions ( PPIs ) reported in scientific publications is one of the core topics of text mining in the life sciences . Recently , a new class of such methods has been proposed - convoluti... | The most important way of conveying new findings in biomedical research is scientific publication . In turn , the most recent and most important findings can only be found by carefully reading the scientific literature , which becomes more and more of a problem because of the enormous number of published articles . Thi... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"computational",
"biology/literature",
"analysis"
] | 2010 | A Comprehensive Benchmark of Kernel Methods to Extract Protein–Protein Interactions from Literature |
De novo computational design of synthetic gene circuits that achieve well-defined target functions is a hard task . Existing , brute-force approaches run optimization algorithms on the structure and on the kinetic parameter values of the network . However , more direct rational methods for automatic circuit design are ... | Synthetic Biology is a novel discipline that aims at the construction of new biological systems able to perform specific tasks . Following the example of electrical engineering , most of the synthetic systems so far realized look like circuits where smaller DNA-encoded components are interconnected by the exchange of d... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"computational",
"biology/synthetic",
"biology"
] | 2011 | Automatic Design of Digital Synthetic Gene Circuits |
To assess the impact of intensive antifolate treatment , followed by secondary antifolate prophylaxis ( A-SP ) on the recurrence rate of toxoplasmic retinochoroiditis ( TRC ) . To investigate whether there are any other factors potentially predisposing for recurrence . A total of 637 medical records of TRC patients , w... | Ocular toxoplasmosis is the most common infectious disease of the posterior segment of the eye that could result in the loss of vision . Although modern knowledge of the mechanisms and interrelations which occur in the disease has recently significantly increased , there is the deficiency of randomized studies on large... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Material",
"and",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"inflammatory",
"diseases",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"pathology",
"and",
"laboratory",
"medicine",
"immunology",
"parasitic",
"diseases",
"preventive",
"medicine",
"signs",
"and",
"symptoms",
"eye",
"diseases",
"pharmacology",
"eyes",
"vaccination",
"and... | 2016 | The Impact of Short-Term, Intensive Antifolate Treatment (with Pyrimethamine and Sulfadoxine) and Antibiotics Followed by Long-Term, Secondary Antifolate Prophylaxis on the Rate of Toxoplasmic Retinochoroiditis Recurrence |
DNA methylation plays an important role in biological processes in human health and disease . Recent technological advances allow unbiased whole-genome DNA methylation ( methylome ) analysis to be carried out on human cells . Using whole-genome bisulfite sequencing at 24 . 7-fold coverage ( 12 . 3-fold per strand ) , w... | Epigenetic modifications such as addition of methyl groups to cytosine in DNA play a role in regulating gene expression . To better understand these processes , knowledge of the methylation status of all cytosine bases in the genome ( the methylome ) is required . DNA methylation can differ between the two gene copies ... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"biotechnology",
"genetics",
"and",
"genomics/epigenetics",
"genetics",
"and",
"genomics/genomics",
"genetics",
"and",
"genomics/gene",
"expression"
] | 2010 | The DNA Methylome of Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells |
During human and murine cytomegalovirus ( MCMV ) infection an exceptionally large virus-specific CD8 T cell pool is maintained in the periphery lifelong . This anomalous response is only seen for specific subsets of MCMV-specific CD8 T cells which are referred to as 'inflationary T cells' . How memory CD8 T cell inflat... | Cytomegaloviruses ( CMVs ) infect the majority of the human population and persist lifelong via latency . CMV latency is thought to be a dynamic state , characterized by stochastic viral reactivation events coupled to CMV-derived antigen presentation . In support of this hypothesis is the exceptionally large CMV-specif... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"medicine",
"infectious",
"diseases",
"immune",
"cells",
"immunity",
"t",
"cells",
"immunity",
"to",
"infections",
"immunology",
"biology",
"viral",
"diseases",
"cytomegalovirus",
"infection",
"immune",
"response"
] | 2011 | Non-Hematopoietic Cells in Lymph Nodes Drive Memory CD8 T Cell Inflation during Murine Cytomegalovirus Infection |
Diversity of T . cruzi strains is a central problem in Chagas disease research because of its correlation with the wide range of clinical manifestations and the biogeographical parasite distribution . The role played by parasite microdiversity in Chagas disease epidemiology is still debatable . Also awaits clarificatio... | Globalization of Chagas disease , from Latin America toward non endemic countries , has become a world health problem . In endemic countries , acute cases of Chagas disease transmitted by oral Trypanosoma cruzi infection , have been frequently reported in recent years . The diverse clinical manifestations of the diseas... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"chagas",
"disease",
"medicine",
"infectious",
"diseases",
"parasitic",
"diseases"
] | 2012 | Differential Infectivity by the Oral Route of Trypanosoma cruzi Lineages Derived from Y Strain |
Cellular responses to changing environments frequently involve rapid reprogramming of the transcriptome . Regulated changes in mRNA degradation rates can accelerate reprogramming by clearing or stabilizing extant transcripts . Here , we measured mRNA stability using 4-thiouracil labeling in the budding yeast Saccharomy... | Budding yeast rapidly increase their rate of growth upon re-feeding of glutamine to a nitrogen-limited culture . Within the first several minutes , the transcriptome begins to reprogram . We investigated changes in mRNA stability using a 4-thiouracil label-chase experiment to track the extant transcriptome during the n... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"methods"
] | [
"chemical",
"compounds",
"messenger",
"rna",
"organic",
"compounds",
"fungi",
"model",
"organisms",
"untranslated",
"regions",
"genome",
"analysis",
"experimental",
"organism",
"systems",
"acidic",
"amino",
"acids",
"amino",
"acids",
"sequence",
"motif",
"analysis",
"... | 2018 | Systematic identification of factors mediating accelerated mRNA degradation in response to changes in environmental nitrogen |
Visceral leishmaniasis ( VL ) is an emerging condition affecting HIV-infected patients living in Latin America , particularly in Brazil . Leishmania-HIV coinfection represents a challenging diagnosis because the clinical picture of VL is similar to that of other disseminated opportunistic diseases . Additionally , coin... | Visceral leishmaniasis ( VL ) is of a higher clinical importance as an opportunistic infection in individuals infected with HIV ( human immunodeficiency virus type-1 ) in areas where both infections are endemic . Co-infected patients classically present a chronic clinical course , with high rates of treatment failure a... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"infectious",
"diseases",
"veterinary",
"diseases",
"zoonoses",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"sexually",
"transmitted",
"diseases",
"aids",
"leishmaniasis",
"neglected",
"tropical",
"diseases",
"biology",
"and",
"life",
"sciences",
"tropical",
"diseases",
"v... | 2014 | Leishmania-HIV Co-infection: Clinical Presentation and Outcomes in an Urban Area in Brazil |
Proteins are active , flexible machines that perform a range of different functions . Innovative experimental approaches may now provide limited partial information about conformational changes along motion pathways of proteins . There is therefore a need for computational approaches that can efficiently incorporate pr... | Incorporating external knowledge into computational frameworks is a challenge of prime importance in many fields of biological research . In this study , we show how computational power can be harnessed to make use of limited external information and to more effectively simulate the molecular motion of proteins . While... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"computational",
"biology/macromolecular",
"structure",
"analysis",
"computer",
"science/applications",
"computational",
"biology/protein",
"structure",
"prediction"
] | 2009 | Rapid Sampling of Molecular Motions with Prior Information
Constraints |
Cataracts are a significant public health problem with no proven methods for prevention . Discovery of novel disease mechanisms to delineate new therapeutic targets is of importance in cataract prevention and therapy . Herein , we report that mutations in the RagA GTPase ( RRAGA ) , a key regulator of the mechanistic r... | A group of guanine nucleotide-binding molecules called Rag GTPases are known to play a crucial role in regulation of mTORC1 signaling cascade . In the current study , whole exome sequencing has led to the identification of the RagA GTPase ( RRAGA ) gene for cataracts and we proceeded to study properties of the RRAGA pr... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"cell",
"death",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"autophagic",
"cell",
"death",
"genetic",
"dominance",
"lysosomes",
"dominant",
"traits",
"lens",
"disorders",
"ocular",
"anatomy",
"cell",
"processes",
"surgical",
"and",
"invasive",
"medical",
"procedures",
... | 2016 | Mutations of RagA GTPase in mTORC1 Pathway Are Associated with Autosomal Dominant Cataracts |
Dehalococcoides strains respire a wide variety of chloro-organic compounds and are important for the bioremediation of toxic , persistent , carcinogenic , and ubiquitous ground water pollutants . In order to better understand metabolism and optimize their application , we have developed a pan-genome-scale metabolic net... | Dehalococcoides are strictly anaerobic bacteria capable of detoxifying widespread and harmful ground water pollutants — chlorinated ethenes , chlorinated benzenes , polychlorinated biphenyls and dioxins — largely originated from industry and agriculture sectors . However , how this unique niche has been acquired by the... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results/Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"computational",
"biology/metabolic",
"networks"
] | 2010 | Characterizing the Metabolism of Dehalococcoides with a Constraint-Based Model |
Standard Gibbs energies of reactions are increasingly being used in metabolic modeling for applying thermodynamic constraints on reaction rates , metabolite concentrations and kinetic parameters . The increasing scope and diversity of metabolic models has led scientists to look for genome-scale solutions that can estim... | The metabolism of living organisms is a complex system with a large number of parameters and interactions . Nevertheless , it is governed by a strict set of rules that make it somewhat predictable and amenable to modeling . The laws of thermodynamics play a pivotal role by determining reaction feasibility and by govern... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Methods"
] | [
"biochemistry",
"thermodynamics",
"chemistry",
"biology",
"metabolism",
"physical",
"chemistry"
] | 2013 | Consistent Estimation of Gibbs Energy Using Component Contributions |
Invasion of host cells by the malaria parasite involves recognition and interaction with cell-surface receptors . A wide variety of parasite surface proteins participate in this process , most of which are specific to the parasite's particular invasive form . Upon entry , the parasite has to dissociate itself from the ... | Malaria is one of the major infectious diseases and is responsible for the death of more than a million people , mostly children under the age of five . Plasmodium , the causative agent of malaria , is transmitted by female Anopheles mosquitoes . Successful development of the parasite requires efficient recognition , a... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"cell",
"biology/microbial",
"growth",
"and",
"development",
"microbiology/parasitology",
"infectious",
"diseases/protozoal",
"infections"
] | 2009 | Distinct Roles of Plasmodium Rhomboid 1 in Parasite Development and Malaria Pathogenesis |
While the incidence of Human African Trypanosomiasis ( HAT ) is decreasing , the control approach is shifting from active population screening by mobile teams to passive case detection in primary care centers . We conducted a systematic review of the literature between 1970 and 2011 to assess which diagnostic tools are... | We conducted a systematic review of the English and French language literature indexed in PubMed between January 1970 and December 2011 . Our objective was to identify which diagnostic tests are most suitable for diagnosis of Human African Trypanosomiasis ( HAT ) in first line health services in endemic countries . Tes... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Conclusion"
] | [
"medicine",
"infectious",
"diseases",
"african",
"trypanosomiasis",
"neglected",
"tropical",
"diseases"
] | 2012 | Human African Trypanosomiasis Diagnosis in First-Line Health Services of Endemic Countries, a Systematic Review |
Evolution of pest resistance reduces the efficacy of insecticidal proteins from the gram-positive bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis ( Bt ) used widely in sprays and transgenic crops . Recent efforts to delay pest adaptation to Bt crops focus primarily on combinations of two or more Bt toxins that kill the same pest , bu... | The soil bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis ( Bt ) produces proteins that kill insect pests but do not harm most other organisms including people . Extensive use of Bt proteins in sprays and genetically engineered crops selects for rapid evolution of resistance in pests , reducing economic and environmental advantages of... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"invertebrates",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"toxins",
"rna",
"interference",
"pathology",
"and",
"laboratory",
"medicine",
"moths",
"and",
"butterflies",
"diet",
"animals",
"toxic",
"agents",
"toxicology",
"insect",
"pests",
"developmental",
"biology",
"... | 2016 | Resistance to Bacillus thuringiensis Mediated by an ABC Transporter Mutation Increases Susceptibility to Toxins from Other Bacteria in an Invasive Insect |
Vaccinia virus ( VACV ) protein N1 is an intracellular virulence factor and belongs to a family of VACV B-cell lymphoma ( Bcl ) -2-like proteins whose members inhibit apoptosis or activation of pro-inflammatory transcription factors , such as interferon ( IFN ) regulatory factor-3 ( IRF-3 ) and nuclear factor-κB ( NF-κ... | Viruses have multiple strategies to escape the host immune system . These include proteins to inhibit cellular signalling pathways promoting an inflammatory response , and others that prevent programmed cell death ( apoptosis ) , allowing completion of the virus replication cycle . This paper concerns the vaccinia viru... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Material",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"viral",
"immune",
"evasion",
"immunity",
"virology",
"innate",
"immunity",
"immunology",
"biology",
"microbiology",
"host-pathogen",
"interaction"
] | 2011 | Inhibition of Apoptosis and NF-κB Activation by Vaccinia Protein N1 Occur via Distinct Binding Surfaces and Make Different Contributions to Virulence |
In schistosomiasis patients , parasite eggs trapped in hepatic sinusoids become foci for CD4+ T cell-orchestrated granulomatous cellular infiltrates . Since the immune response is unable to clear the infection , the liver is subjected to ongoing cycles of focal inflammation and healing that lead to vascular obstruction... | Schistosomiasis is a chronic disease that affects approximately 200 million people . Immune modulation is a hallmark of chronic disease and serves to protect the host from severe pathology . A significant percentage of people infected with schistosomiasis fail to undergo this protective modulation and can develop porta... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results/Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"immunity",
"biology",
"microbiology"
] | 2012 | IL-10R Blockade during Chronic Schistosomiasis Mansoni Results in the Loss of B Cells from the Liver and the Development of Severe Pulmonary Disease |
Leprosy is a human infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae . A strong host genetic contribution to leprosy susceptibility is well established . However , the modulation of the transcriptional response to infection and the mechanism ( s ) of disease control are poorly understood . To address this gap in knowle... | Each year , 200 , 000 new leprosy cases are reported worldwide . While there is unambiguous evidence for a role of host genetics in leprosy pathogenesis , the mechanisms by which the human host fights the infection are poorly understood . Here , we highlight the search for naturally occurring genetic variations that mo... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"methods"
] | [
"genome-wide",
"association",
"studies",
"mycobacterium",
"leprae",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"immunology",
"tropical",
"diseases",
"bacterial",
"diseases",
"genome",
"analysis",
"neglected",
"tropical",
"diseases",
"bacteria",
"infectious",
"diseases",
"ge... | 2017 | Deciphering the genetic control of gene expression following Mycobacterium leprae antigen stimulation |
To resist to β-lactam antibiotics Eubacteria either constitutively synthesize a β-lactamase or a low affinity penicillin-binding protein target , or induce its synthesis in response to the presence of antibiotic outside the cell . In Bacillus licheniformis and Staphylococcus aureus , a membrane-bound penicillin recepto... | Beta-lactamases are enzymes produced by some bacteria and are responsible for their resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics like penicillin . Among these bacteria some of them possess a beta-lactamase that is only produced at a high level when a beta-lactam antibiotic is present outside the cell . This mechanism of regul... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"bacteriology",
"biology",
"microbiology",
"bacterial",
"pathogens"
] | 2012 | A Peptidoglycan Fragment Triggers β-lactam Resistance in Bacillus licheniformis |
Most motile organisms use sensory cues when searching for resources , mates , or prey . The searcher measures sensory data and adjusts its search behavior based on those data . Yet , classical models of species encounter rates assume that searchers move independently of their targets . This assumption leads to the fami... | Encounters between individual organisms are an essential part of biology; in many sexually reproducing species , males and females must encounter one another in order to mate , pollinators must find flowers , and predators must locate prey before capturing and consuming them . Many species accomplish these tasks by act... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"systems",
"biology",
"mathematics",
"theoretical",
"biology",
"ecology",
"applied",
"mathematics",
"population",
"biology",
"biology",
"computational",
"biology",
"biophysics"
] | 2013 | Sensory Information and Encounter Rates of Interacting Species |
The enveloped alphaviruses include important and emerging human pathogens such as Chikungunya virus and Eastern equine encephalitis virus . Alphaviruses enter cells by clathrin-mediated endocytosis , and exit by budding from the plasma membrane . While there has been considerable progress in defining the structure and ... | Alphaviruses are a group of small enveloped viruses that include important human pathogens for which there are no antiviral therapies or vaccines . Alphaviruses enter host cells by receptor-mediated endocytosis and low pH-triggered membrane fusion , and exit by budding from the host cell plasma membrane . The roles of ... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [] | 2013 | Genome-Wide RNAi Screen Identifies Novel Host Proteins Required for Alphavirus Entry |
Transcriptional regulatory networks ( TRNs ) program cells to dynamically alter their gene expression in response to changing internal or environmental conditions . In this study , we develop a novel workflow for generating large-scale TRN models that integrates comparative genomics data , global gene expression analys... | The ever growing amount of genomic data enables the assembly of large-scale network models that can provide important new insights into living systems . However , assembly and validation of such large-scale models can be challenging , since we often lack sufficient information to make accurate predictions . This work d... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"and",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [] | 2015 | An Integrated Approach to Reconstructing Genome-Scale Transcriptional Regulatory Networks |
Nocardia sp . causes a variety of clinical presentations . The incidence of nocardiosis varies geographically according to several factors , such as the prevalence of HIV infections , transplants , neoplastic and rheumatic diseases , as well as climate , socio-economic conditions and laboratory procedures for Nocardia ... | Nocardiosis is an in common and potentially life-threatening infection . Most cases occur in immunocompromised patients , and a delay in establishing the diagnosis is due to the difficulties in clinical diagnosis and in cultivating and detecting Nocardia . Growth of Nocardia species in culture media is slow and incubat... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [] | 2013 | Molecular Identification of Nocardia Isolates from Clinical Samples and an Overview of Human Nocardiosis in Brazil |
Although deep learning approaches have had tremendous success in image , video and audio processing , computer vision , and speech recognition , their applications to three-dimensional ( 3D ) biomolecular structural data sets have been hindered by the geometric and biological complexity . To address this problem we int... | The predictions of biomolecular functions and properties from biomolecular structures are of fundamental importance in computational biophysics . The structural and biological complexities of biomolecules and their interactions hinder successful predictions . Machine learning has become an important tool for such predi... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Methods"
] | [
"machine",
"learning",
"algorithms",
"neural",
"networks",
"applied",
"mathematics",
"globular",
"proteins",
"neuroscience",
"simulation",
"and",
"modeling",
"membrane",
"proteins",
"algorithms",
"mathematics",
"protein",
"structure",
"prediction",
"algebra",
"artificial",
... | 2017 | TopologyNet: Topology based deep convolutional and multi-task neural networks for biomolecular property predictions |
Two core microRNA ( miRNA ) pathway proteins , Dicer and Argonaute , are found in Giardia lamblia , a deeply branching parasitic protozoan . There are , however , no apparent homologues of Drosha or Exportin5 in the genome . Here , we report a 26 nucleotide ( nt ) RNA derived from a 106 nt Box C/D snoRNA , GlsR2 . This... | Giardia lambia is a deeply branched parasitic protozoan and the pathogen causing the diarrhetic disorder , giardiasis . The mechanism of gene regulation in this organism is largely unknown . Here , we identified a 26 nucleotide ( nt ) small RNA from the 3′-end of a 106 nt small nucleolar RNA ( GlsR2 ) in Giardia . GlsR... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"medicine",
"giardiasis",
"microbiology",
"rna",
"stability",
"parastic",
"protozoans",
"neglected",
"tropical",
"diseases",
"giardia",
"lamblia",
"infectious",
"diseases",
"gene",
"expression",
"biology",
"biochemistry",
"rna",
"rna",
"processing",
"nucleic",
"acids",
... | 2011 | Gene Regulation in Giardia lambia Involves a Putative MicroRNA Derived from a Small Nucleolar RNA |
Structural and biochemical studies have revealed the importance of a conserved , mobile domain of RNA Polymerase II ( Pol II ) , the Trigger Loop ( TL ) , in substrate selection and catalysis . The relative contributions of different residues within the TL to Pol II function and how Pol II activity defects correlate wi... | Transcription by multisubunit RNA polymerases ( msRNAPs ) is essential for all kingdoms of life . A conserved region within msRNAPs called the trigger loop ( TL ) is critical for selection of nucleotide substrates and activity . We present analysis of the RNA Polymerase II ( Pol II ) TL from the model eukaryote Sacchar... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"biochemistry",
"model",
"organisms",
"molecular",
"cell",
"biology",
"nucleic",
"acids",
"enzymes",
"genetics",
"gene",
"expression",
"molecular",
"genetics",
"biology",
"yeast",
"and",
"fungal",
"models",
"microbiology",
"molecular",
"biology",
"genetics",
"and",
"g... | 2012 | Dissection of Pol II Trigger Loop Function and Pol II Activity–Dependent Control of Start Site Selection In Vivo |
For efficient replication , viruses have developed mechanisms to evade innate immune responses , including the antiviral type-I interferon ( IFN-I ) system . Nipah virus ( NiV ) , a highly pathogenic member of the Paramyxoviridae family ( genus Henipavirus ) , is known to encode for four P gene-derived viral proteins (... | Nipah virus ( NiV ) is a zoonotic paramyxovirus causing severe respiratory and encephalitic illness with case fatality rates of 40 to 90% . The host type-I interferon ( IFN-I ) system protects against viral infections; however , to establish productive infection NiV has developed mechanisms to evade these host antivira... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"luciferase",
"pathology",
"and",
"laboratory",
"medicine",
"enzymes",
"henipavirus",
"pathogens",
"microbiology",
"enzymology",
"vertebrates",
"animals",
"mammals",
"viruses",
"rna",
"viruses",
"amniotes",
"ligases",
"research",
... | 2016 | The Matrix Protein of Nipah Virus Targets the E3-Ubiquitin Ligase TRIM6 to Inhibit the IKKε Kinase-Mediated Type-I IFN Antiviral Response |
Trypanothione reductase ( TR ) is considered to be one of the best targets to find new drugs against Leishmaniasis . This enzyme is fundamental for parasite survival in the host since it reduces trypanothione , a molecule used by the tryparedoxin/tryparedoxin peroxidase system of Leishmania to neutralize hydrogen perox... | Human leishmaniasis is one of the most diffused neglected vector-borne diseases and causes 60 , 000 deaths annually , a rate surpassed only by malaria among parasitic diseases . Anti-Leishmania treatments are unsatisfactory in terms of their safety and efficacy and there is an urgent need to find treatments . Compounds... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"crystal",
"structure",
"condensed",
"matter",
"physics",
"tropical",
"diseases",
"microbiology",
"parasitic",
"diseases",
"parasitic",
"protozoans",
"protozoan",
"life",
"cycles",
"developmental",
"biology",
"protozoans",
"leishma... | 2018 | Identification and binding mode of a novel Leishmania Trypanothione reductase inhibitor from high throughput screening |
To explore pathogenesis in a young Gerstmann-Sträussler-Scheinker Disease ( GSS ) patient , the corresponding mutation , an eight-residue duplication in the hydrophobic region ( HR ) , was inserted into the wild type mouse PrP gene . Transgenic ( Tg ) mouse lines expressing this mutation ( Tg . HRdup ) developed sponta... | Prion diseases can be sporadic , infectious or genetic . The central event of all prion diseases is the structural conversion of the cellular prion protein ( PrPC ) to its disease associated conformer , PrPSc . Gerstmann-Sträussler-Scheinker Disease ( GSS ) is a genetic prion disease presenting as a multi-systemic neur... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"methods"
] | [
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"urea",
"chemical",
"compounds",
"prions",
"enzymes",
"brain",
"enzymology",
"organic",
"compounds",
"animal",
"models",
"model",
"organisms",
"experimental",
"organism",
"systems",
"cerebellum",
"gerstmann-straussler-scheinker",
"... | 2018 | A novel Gerstmann-Sträussler-Scheinker disease mutation defines a precursor for amyloidogenic 8 kDa PrP fragments and reveals N-terminal structural changes shared by other GSS alleles |
Asymmetrical segregation of differentiated sister chromatids is thought to be important for cellular differentiation in higher eukaryotes . Similarly , in fission yeast , cellular differentiation involves the asymmetrical segregation of a chromosomal imprint . This imprint has been shown to consist of two ribonucleotid... | Differentiated sister chromatids , coupled with non-random segregation , have been proposed to control cell fate during differentiation in multicellular organisms as well as fission yeast . However , while nothing is known about how the differentiated sister chromatids are established in higher eukaryotes , the nature ... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"developmental",
"biology/cell",
"differentiation",
"molecular",
"biology/dna",
"replication",
"molecular",
"biology/chromosome",
"structure"
] | 2011 | Identification of a Novel Type of Spacer Element Required for Imprinting in Fission Yeast |
In vitro studies have shown that dengue virus ( DENV ) can thwart the actions of interferon ( IFN ) -α/β and prevent the development of an antiviral state in infected cells . Clinical studies looking at gene expression in patients with severe dengue show a reduced expression of interferon stimulated genes compared to p... | Dengue is a viral illness acquired through the bite of an infected mosquito . This flu-like illness , which in rare instances can be fatal , threatens more than half of the world’s population . Both in vitro and clinical studies looking at how the virus operates have consistently found that the interferon response is m... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [] | 2015 | Differences in Type I Interferon Signaling Antagonism by Dengue Viruses in Human and Non-Human Primate Cell Lines |
Leishmaniasis is a parasitic disease associated with extensive mortality and morbidity . The treatment for leishmaniasis is currently based on pentavalent antimonials and amphotericin B; however , these drugs result in numerous adverse side effects . Natural compounds have been used as novel treatments for parasitic di... | Leishmaniasis is a parasitic disease that is endemic in 88 countries , primarily located in tropical and subtropical regions , that affects more than 12 million people worldwide . Leishmaniasis treatments are currently based on pentavalent antimonials and amphotericin B; however , these drugs result in numerous adverse... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"infectious",
"diseases",
"veterinary",
"science",
"veterinary",
"diseases",
"zoonoses",
"protozoans",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"leishmania",
"medicinal",
"chemistry",
"leishmaniasis",
"neglected",
"tropical",
"diseases",
"biology",
"and",
"life",
"science... | 2014 | The Effect of (-)-Epigallocatechin 3-O - Gallate In Vitro and In Vivo in Leishmania braziliensis: Involvement of Reactive Oxygen Species as a Mechanism of Action |
The disease burden of Wuchereria bancrofti and Plasmodium falciparum malaria is high , particularly in Africa , and co-infection is common . However , the effects of filarial infection on the risk of severe malaria are unknown . We used the remaining serum samples from a large cohort study in Muheza , Tanzania to descr... | In this paper , we used a multiplexed , serologic assessment to identify children with previous or current exposure to or infection with filarial parasites or S . stercoralis ( a soil transmitted helminth ) , enhancing our understanding of co-infections in early childhood . We identified an increasing prevalence of fil... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Materials",
"and",
"methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"invertebrates",
"children",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"pathology",
"and",
"laboratory",
"medicine",
"tropical",
"diseases",
"parasitic",
"diseases",
"parasitic",
"protozoans",
"animals",
"age",
"groups",
"protozoans",
"infants",
"families",
"strongyloides"... | 2018 | Seroepidemiology of helminths and the association with severe malaria among infants and young children in Tanzania |
Type 2 Diabetes ( T2D ) constitutes a global health burden . Efforts to uncover predisposing genetic variation have been considerable , yet detailed knowledge of the underlying pathogenesis remains poor . Here , we constructed a T2D phenotypic-linkage network ( T2D-PLN ) , by integrating diverse gene functional informa... | Type 2 Diabetes ( T2D ) has been the subject of a large number of genetic studies that have identified multiple and heterogeneous risk variants . However , our knowledge of the underlying perturbed molecular pathways influenced by these variants remains poor . Exploiting our prior knowledge of T2D-relevant mammalian ph... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Material",
"and",
"methods"
] | [
"genome-wide",
"association",
"studies",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"genetic",
"networks",
"diabetes",
"mellitus",
"animal",
"models",
"endocrine",
"disorders",
"model",
"organisms",
"network",
"analysis",
"genome",
"analysis",
"experimental",
"organism",
... | 2017 | Diverse type 2 diabetes genetic risk factors functionally converge in a phenotype-focused gene network |
The recent spread of mosquito-transmitted viruses and associated disease to the Americas motivates a new , data-driven evaluation of risk in temperate population centers . Temperate regions are generally expected to pose low risk for significant mosquito-borne disease; however , the spread of the Asian tiger mosquito (... | Zika and chikungunya viruses are transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes , including Ae . albopictus , which is abundant in many temperate cities . While disease risk is lower in temperate regions where viral amplification cannot build across years , there is significant potential for localized disease outbreaks in urban popul... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Methods"
] | [
"united",
"states",
"invertebrates",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"pathology",
"and",
"laboratory",
"medicine",
"togaviruses",
"chikungunya",
"infection",
"infectious",
"disease",
"epidemiology",
"pathogens",
"tropical",
"diseases",
"microbiology",
"geographical... | 2017 | Defining the Risk of Zika and Chikungunya Virus Transmission in Human Population Centers of the Eastern United States |
Combination antiretroviral therapy ( cART ) dramatically improves survival of HIV-infected patients , but lifelong treatment can ultimately result in cumulative toxicities and drug resistance , thus necessitating the development of new drugs with significantly improved pharmaceutical profiles . We recently found that t... | T-20 is the only clinically approved viral fusion inhibitor , which is used in combination therapy for HIV-1 infection; however , it exhibits relatively low antiviral activity and easily induces drug resistance . Here we report a lipopeptide fusion inhibitor termed LP-80 , which exhibits the most potent activity in inh... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"methods"
] | [
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"pathology",
"and",
"laboratory",
"medicine",
"pathogens",
"microbiology",
"vertebrates",
"animals",
"mammals",
"retroviruses",
"primates",
"immunodeficiency",
"viruses",
"viruses",
"animal",
"models",
"rna",
"viruses",
"experiment... | 2019 | Monotherapy with a low-dose lipopeptide HIV fusion inhibitor maintains long-term viral suppression in rhesus macaques |
The Type VI Secretion System ( T6SS ) functions in bacteria as a contractile nanomachine that punctures and delivers lethal effectors to a target cell . Virtually nothing is known about the lifestyle or physiology that dictates when bacteria normally produce their T6SS , which prevents a clear understanding of how bact... | Bacterial Type VI Secretion Systems ( T6SS ) function as contractile nanomachines to puncture target cells and deliver lethal effectors . Little is known about the lifestyle or physiology dictating when bacteria normally express their T6SS . Proteus mirabilis undergoes a characteristic developmental process to coordina... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"gram",
"negative",
"microbial",
"pathogens",
"biology",
"microbiology",
"bacterial",
"pathogens"
] | 2013 | Multicellular Bacteria Deploy the Type VI Secretion System to Preemptively Strike Neighboring Cells |
Sparganosis is a parasitic infection caused by the plerocercoid larvae of Spirometra mansoni in East and Southeast Asia . The plerocercoid larvae sometimes invade the encephalon , resulting in severe cerebral sparganosis . Surgical removal of the larvae is considered a standard therapy for cerebral sparganosis . In con... | Sparganosis is most prevalent in developing countries in East and Southeast Asia , probably because public health strategies have not prioritized its prevention . The plerocercoid larvae of Spirometra mansoni sometimes invade the brain parenchyma , resulting in cerebral sparganosis . In general , surgical removal of th... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Materials",
"and",
"methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"blood",
"cells",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"immune",
"cells",
"diagnostic",
"radiology",
"pathology",
"and",
"laboratory",
"medicine",
"spirometry",
"immunology",
"surgical",
"and",
"invasive",
"medical",
"procedures",
"magnetic",
"resonance",
"imaging",... | 2018 | Efficacy comparison between long-term high-dose praziquantel and surgical therapy for cerebral sparganosis: A multicenter retrospective cohort study |
Since the concentration of free iron in the human host is low , efficient iron-acquisition mechanisms constitute important virulence factors for pathogenic bacteria . In Gram-negative bacteria , TonB-dependent outer membrane receptors are implicated in iron acquisition . It is far less clear how other metals that are a... | The outer membrane protects Gram-negative bacteria against harmful compounds from the environment . Nutrients usually pass this barrier by passive diffusion via pore-forming proteins . However , nutrients that are scarce in the environment are taken up via an active , receptor-mediated process . The vast majority of Gr... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"genetics",
"and",
"genomics/gene",
"discovery",
"microbiology/immunity",
"to",
"infections",
"microbiology/microbial",
"evolution",
"and",
"genomics",
"immunology/immune",
"response",
"genetics",
"and",
"genomics/gene",
"function",
"biochemistry/biomacromolecule-ligand",
"intera... | 2010 | An Outer Membrane Receptor of Neisseria meningitidis Involved in Zinc Acquisition with Vaccine Potential |
H3K9 methylation ( H3K9me ) is a conserved marker of heterochromatin , a transcriptionally silent chromatin structure . Knowledge of the mechanisms for regulating heterochromatin distribution is limited . The fission yeast JmjC domain-containing protein Epe1 localizes to heterochromatin mainly through its interaction w... | Suppression of unscheduled epigenetic alterations is important for maintenance of homogeneity among clones , while emergence of epigenetic differences is also important for adaptation or differentiation . The mechanisms that balance both processes warrant further investigation . Epe1 , a fission yeast JmjC domain-conta... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"methods"
] | [
"geomorphology",
"landforms",
"topography",
"dna-binding",
"proteins",
"cloning",
"plasmid",
"construction",
"dna",
"transcription",
"fungi",
"model",
"organisms",
"experimental",
"organism",
"systems",
"dna",
"construction",
"epigenetics",
"molecular",
"biology",
"techniqu... | 2019 | Regulation of ectopic heterochromatin-mediated epigenetic diversification by the JmjC family protein Epe1 |
Wolbachia’s ability to restrict arbovirus transmission makes it a promising tool to combat mosquito-transmitted diseases . Wolbachia-infected Aedes aegypti are currently being released in locations such as Brazil , which regularly experience concurrent outbreaks of different arboviruses . A . aegypti can become co-infe... | Wolbachia is an endosymbiotic bacterium that infects insects . It has been artificially transferred into Aedes aegypti , a mosquito species that can transmit medically important viruses including dengue , chikungunya , and Zika . Wolbachia in A . aegypti limits infection with these viruses , making the mosquitoes much ... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Conclusions"
] | [
"invertebrates",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"body",
"fluids",
"pathology",
"and",
"laboratory",
"medicine",
"viral",
"transmission",
"and",
"infection",
"pathogens",
"microbiology",
"saliva",
"animals",
"wolbachia",
"viruses",
"insect",
"vectors",
"bacteri... | 2019 | Pathogen blocking in Wolbachia-infected Aedes aegypti is not affected by Zika and dengue virus co-infection |
Chikungunya virus ( CHIKV ) is a re-emerging Alphavirus causing fever , joint pain , skin rash , arthralgia , and occasionally death . Antiviral therapies and/or effective vaccines are urgently required . CHIKV biology is poorly understood , in particular the functions of the non-structural protein 3 ( nsP3 ) . Here we... | Chikungunya virus ( CHIKV ) is an emerging threat to world health . It is transmitted by Aedes species mosquitos , and has caused massive epidemics across the globe . The virus causes fever , rash , arthritis and can sometimes be fatal . The biology of CHIKV is poorly understood , to address this deficiency we aimed to... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"methods"
] | [
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"nucleic",
"acid",
"synthesis",
"pathology",
"and",
"laboratory",
"medicine",
"togaviruses",
"chikungunya",
"infection",
"pathogens",
"rna",
"extraction",
"microbiology",
"tropical",
"diseases",
"alphaviruses",
"viruses",
"chikungu... | 2019 | Multiple roles of the non-structural protein 3 (nsP3) alphavirus unique domain (AUD) during Chikungunya virus genome replication and transcription |
The immune system should constitute a strong selective pressure promoting viral genetic diversity and evolution . However , HIV shows lower sequence variability at T-cell epitopes than elsewhere in the genome , in contrast with other human RNA viruses . Here , we propose that epitope conservation is a consequence of th... | A key component of the immune response against viruses and other pathogens is the recognition of short foreign protein sequences called epitopes . However , viruses can escape the immune system by mutating , so epitopes should accumulate high levels of genetic variability . This has been documented in several human vir... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Methods"
] | [
"immunodeficiency",
"viruses",
"viral",
"immune",
"evasion",
"virology",
"immunology",
"biology",
"microbiology",
"evolutionary",
"biology",
"viral",
"evolution"
] | 2013 | Immune Activation Promotes Evolutionary Conservation of T-Cell Epitopes in HIV-1 |
The std locus of Salmonella enterica , an operon acquired by horizontal transfer , encodes fimbriae that permit adhesion to epithelial cells in the large intestine . Expression of the std operon is bistable , yielding a major subpopulation of StdOFF cells ( 99 . 7% ) and a minor subpopulation of StdON cells ( 0 . 3% ) ... | We show that the std fimbrial operon of Salmonella enterica undergoes bistable expression , a trait far from exceptional among loci that encode components of the bacterial envelope . However , an unsuspected trait of the std operon is the presence of two genes that encode pleiotropic regulators of gene expression . Ind... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Methods"
] | [
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"pathology",
"and",
"laboratory",
"medicine",
"gene",
"regulation",
"pathogens",
"microbiology",
"operons",
"pili",
"and",
"fimbriae",
"bacterial",
"diseases",
"enterobacteriaceae",
"genome",
"analysis",
"dna",
"cellular",
"struc... | 2018 | Formation of phenotypic lineages in Salmonella enterica by a pleiotropic fimbrial switch |
Meiotic recombination is initiated by the formation of numerous DNA double-strand breaks ( DSBs ) catalysed by the widely conserved Spo11 protein . In Saccharomyces cerevisiae , Spo11 requires nine other proteins for meiotic DSB formation; however , unlike Spo11 , few of these are conserved across kingdoms . In order t... | During fertilisation , paternal and maternal gametes meet to form the next generation zygote . The zygotic cells therefore contain two sets of chromosomes , paternal and maternal , called homologues . Gamete production depends on the completion of meiosis , during which the chromosome number is divided by two . For thi... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"cell",
"biology/plant",
"cell",
"biology",
"genetics",
"and",
"genomics/plant",
"genetics",
"and",
"gene",
"expression",
"genetics",
"and",
"genomics/chromosome",
"biology"
] | 2009 | A High Throughput Genetic Screen Identifies New Early Meiotic Recombination Functions in Arabidopsis thaliana |
Lymphatic filariasis ( LF ) is a neglected tropical disease transmitted by mosquitoes . Nepal has implemented a national effort to eliminate LF by 2020 through mass drug administration ( MDA ) using diethylcarbamazine ( DEC ) and albendazole ( ALB ) . We assessed the impact of MDAs on LF in selected districts of Nepal ... | Lymphatic filariasis ( LF ) is a deforming and disabling infectious disease manifested in the form of elephantiasis and hydroceles . Based on mapping data , 61 out of 75 districts of Nepal were found to be endemic for LF and mass drug administration ( MDA ) of diethylcarbamazine and albendazole has been already started... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Methodology",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"and",
"conclusion"
] | [
"invertebrates",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"body",
"fluids",
"education",
"sociology",
"geographical",
"locations",
"tropical",
"diseases",
"social",
"sciences",
"parasitic",
"diseases",
"animals",
"filariasis",
"pharmaceutics",
"drug",
"administration",
"n... | 2017 | Impact of mass drug administration for elimination of lymphatic filariasis in Nepal |
Chemotherapy of schistosomiasis relies on a single drug , Praziquantel ( PZQ ) and mass-use of this compound has led to emergence of resistant strains of Schistosoma mansoni , therefore pointing out the necessity to find alternative drugs . Through their essential functions in development and metabolism , receptor tyro... | Schistosomiasis is a chronic , debilitating disease that affects over 200 million people in the world . The pathology of schistosomiasis is caused mainly by host immune responses to parasite eggs and due to the formation of granulomas in liver and other tissues . There is no vaccine for schistosomiasis and treatment re... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"medicine",
"infectious",
"diseases",
"drugs",
"and",
"devices",
"biology",
"microbiology",
"zoology",
"parasitology",
"helminthology"
] | 2013 | Dual Targeting of Insulin and Venus Kinase Receptors of Schistosoma mansoni for Novel Anti-schistosome Therapy |
We report on the integration of pharmacological data and homology information for a large scale analysis of small molecule binding to related targets . Differences in small molecule binding have been assessed for curated pairs of human to rat orthologs and also for recently diverged human paralogs . Our analysis shows ... | Many drugs are small molecules that specifically bind to proteins involved in disease related processes . In this way , drugs modulate the function of a targeted protein and ultimately the process causing the disease . The development of drugs crucially relies on assays that measure the potency of the effect a small mo... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Methods"
] | [
"biotechnology",
"biomacromolecule-ligand",
"interactions",
"biochemistry",
"small",
"molecules",
"biology",
"pharmacogenomics",
"drug",
"discovery"
] | 2012 | Global Analysis of Small Molecule Binding to Related Protein Targets |
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