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article stringlengths 4.36k 149k | summary stringlengths 32 3.35k | section_headings listlengths 1 91 | keywords listlengths 0 141 | year stringclasses 13
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During placenta development , a succession of complex molecular and cellular interactions between the maternal endometrium and the developing embryo ensures reproductive success . The precise mechanisms regulating this maternal-fetal crosstalk remain unknown . Our study revealed that the expression of Rac1 , a member o... | During early pregnancy , a succession of molecular interactions between the uterus and the developing embryo ensures reproductive success . Although it is conceivable that signaling cues originating in the uterus impact on the developing embryo at the time of placenta establishment , the precise mechanisms regulating t... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [] | 2015 | Rac1 Regulates Endometrial Secretory Function to Control Placental Development |
A significant portion of bone fractures fail to heal properly , increasing healthcare costs . Advances in fracture management have slowed because translation barriers have limited generation of mechanism-based explanations for the healing process . When uncertainties are numerous , analogical modeling can be an effecti... | Translation barriers have limited the generation of mechanism-based explanations of fracture healing processes . Those barriers help explain why , to date , biological therapeutics have had only a minor impact on fracture management . Alternative approaches are needed , and we present one that is intended to help devel... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"biotechnology",
"traumatic",
"injury",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"engineering",
"and",
"technology",
"biomimetics",
"simulation",
"and",
"modeling",
"physiological",
"processes",
"histology",
"mathematics",
"statistics",
"(mathematics)",
"cartilage",
"bone",... | 2018 | Simulation enabled search for explanatory mechanisms of the fracture healing process |
It has been hypothesized that schistosomiasis negatively influences immune reconstitution in people living with HIV starting antiretroviral therapy ( ART ) . In this study , we investigated the effect of schistosomiasis on the course of HIV infection in patients starting ART in a rural part of Tanzania . Retrospective ... | Infections with HIV and blood flukes ( Schistosoma ) both exert chronic modulatory effects on the host’s immune system . Coinfections , meaning the host is simultaneously infected with both pathogens , are common in sub-Saharan Africa . In this situation the induced immune modulation of one pathogen may affect the cour... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"schistosoma",
"invertebrates",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"body",
"fluids",
"pathology",
"and",
"laboratory",
"medicine",
"helminths",
"antiviral",
"therapy",
"pathogens",
"immunology",
"tropical",
"diseases",
"microbiology",
"parasitic",
"diseases",
"anima... | 2018 | Effect of schistosomiasis on the outcome of patients infected with HIV-1 starting antiretroviral therapy in rural Tanzania |
Fetal syncytiotrophoblasts form a unique fused multinuclear surface that is bathed in maternal blood , and constitutes the main interface between fetus and mother . Syncytiotrophoblasts are exposed to pathogens circulating in maternal blood , and appear to have unique resistance mechanisms against microbial invasion . ... | Infection of the placenta can lead to pregnancy complications as well as fetal and maternal disease and death . We developed a novel system to study placental infections using murine fetal placental progenitor cells and the bacterial pathogen Listeria monocytogenes . In the mature placenta fetal progenitor cells fuse t... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Methods"
] | [] | 2013 | Placental Syncytium Forms a Biophysical Barrier against Pathogen Invasion |
Rothmund-Thomson syndrome ( RTS ) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by skin rash ( poikiloderma ) , skeletal dysplasia , small stature , juvenile cataracts , sparse or absent hair , and predisposition to specific malignancies such as osteosarcoma and hematological neoplasms . RTS is caused by germ-li... | DNA helicases unwind double-stranded nucleic acids using energy from ATP to access genetic information during cell replication . In humans , several families of helicases have been described and one of particular importance is the RecQ family , where mutations in three of five members cause human disease . RECQL4 is a ... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"methods"
] | [
"blood",
"cells",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"immune",
"cells",
"enzymes",
"immunology",
"enzymology",
"dna-binding",
"proteins",
"dna",
"damage",
"mutation",
"dna",
"white",
"blood",
"cells",
"animal",
"cells",
"proteins",
"t",
"cells",
"biochemistry"... | 2019 | ATP-dependent helicase activity is dispensable for the physiological functions of Recql4 |
Kidney podocytes’ function depends on fingerlike projections ( foot processes ) that interdigitate with those from neighboring cells to form the glomerular filtration barrier . The integrity of the barrier depends on spatial control of dynamics of actin cytoskeleton in the foot processes . We determined how imbalances ... | Podocytes are specialized kidney cells with intricate geometries . Regulation of cell morphology and cell-cell interactions is crucial for podocyte function within the delicate glomerular filtration unit . While the cellular cytoskeleton is dynamic , it must be tightly regulated so that the cell shape and the glomerula... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"methods"
] | [
"cell",
"motility",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"actin",
"filaments",
"cell",
"processes",
"respiratory",
"system",
"kidneys",
"cellular",
"structures",
"and",
"organelles",
"cytoskeleton",
"dynamic",
"actin",
"filaments",
"contractile",
"proteins",
"polyme... | 2017 | Fragility of foot process morphology in kidney podocytes arises from chaotic spatial propagation of cytoskeletal instability |
The highly conserved , Nxf/Nxt ( TAP/p15 ) RNA nuclear export pathway is important for export of most mRNAs from the nucleus , by interacting with mRNAs and promoting their passage through nuclear pores . Nxt1 is essential for viability; using a partial loss of function allele , we reveal a role for this gene in tissue... | In multicellular organisms , differentiated cells have a cell-type specific profile of gene expression . Sperm production is particularly specialised , and as a result over 5% of all genes are expressed exclusively in the sperm precursor cells , termed primary spermatocytes . Expression of these genes depends on a part... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"developmental",
"biology",
"dna",
"transcription",
"rna",
"transport",
"rna",
"processing",
"gene",
"expression",
"genetics",
"gene",
"regulation",
"molecular",
"genetics",
"gene",
"splicing",
"biology",
"evolutionary",
"biology",
"cell",
"differentiation",
"evolutionary... | 2013 | The RNA Export Factor, Nxt1, Is Required for Tissue Specific Transcriptional Regulation |
Short-term presynaptic plasticity designates variations of the amplitude of synaptic information transfer whereby the amount of neurotransmitter released upon presynaptic stimulation changes over seconds as a function of the neuronal firing activity . While a consensus has emerged that the resulting decrease ( depressi... | Synaptic plasticity is the capacity of a preexisting connection between two neurons to change in strength as a function of neuronal activity . Because it admittedly underlies learning and memory , the elucidation of its constituting mechanisms is of crucial importance in many aspects of normal and pathological brain fu... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"circuit",
"models",
"neurophysiology",
"synapses",
"biophysic",
"al",
"simulations",
"computational",
"neuroscience",
"physiology",
"biology",
"anatomy",
"and",
"physiology",
"neurological",
"system",
"neuroscience",
"computational",
"biology"
] | 2011 | A Tale of Two Stories: Astrocyte Regulation of Synaptic Depression and Facilitation |
Recent genome wide association studies have identified a number of genes that contribute to the risk for coronary heart disease . One such gene , TCF21 , encodes a basic-helix-loop-helix transcription factor believed to serve a critical role in the development of epicardial progenitor cells that give rise to coronary a... | Coronary artery disease ( CAD ) is responsible for the majority of deaths in the Western world , and is due in part to environmental and metabolic factors . However , half of the risk for developing heart disease is genetically predetermined . Genome-wide association studies in human populations have identified over 10... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Methods"
] | [] | 2015 | Coronary Artery Disease Associated Transcription Factor TCF21 Regulates Smooth Muscle Precursor Cells That Contribute to the Fibrous Cap |
The unusual cell cycles of Apicomplexa parasites are remarkably flexible with the ability to complete cytokinesis and karyokinesis coordinately or postpone cytokinesis for several rounds of chromosome replication , and are well recognized . Despite this surprising biology , the molecular machinery required to achieve t... | Apicomplexan parasites are unicellular eukaryotes that replicate in unusual ways different from their multicellular hosts . From a single infection , different apicomplexans can produce as few as two or up to many hundreds of progeny . How these flexible division cycles are regulated is poorly understood . In the curre... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"methods"
] | [
"parasite",
"groups",
"centrosomes",
"parasitic",
"cell",
"cycles",
"toxoplasma",
"gondii",
"cell",
"cycle",
"and",
"cell",
"division",
"cell",
"processes",
"parasitic",
"protozoans",
"parasitology",
"mitosis",
"developmental",
"biology",
"apicomplexa",
"tachyzoites",
"... | 2017 | Checkpoints of apicomplexan cell division identified in Toxoplasma gondii |
Colicins are plasmid-encoded narrow spectrum antibiotics that are synthesized by strains of Escherichia coli and govern intraspecies competition . In a previous report , we demonstrated that the global transcriptional factor IscR , co dependently with the master regulator of the DNA damage response , LexA , delays indu... | Colicins are considered model proteins for studying bacterial toxins . These narrow spectrum antibiotics can kill by a variety of mechanisms , e . g . by forming pores in the membranes of susceptible cells or by degrading their nucleic acids . Colicin genes are plasmid-encoded and repressed by the master regulator of t... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"and",
"Discussion",
"Material",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [] | 2015 | Silencing of DNase Colicin E8 Gene Expression by a Complex Nucleoprotein Assembly Ensures Timely Colicin Induction |
Intestinal stem cell ( ISC ) self-renewal and proliferation are directed by Wnt/β-catenin signaling in mammals , whereas aberrant Wnt pathway activation in ISCs triggers the development of human colorectal carcinoma . Herein , we have utilized the Drosophila midgut , a powerful model for ISC regulation , to elucidate t... | The highly conserved Wingless/Wnt signal transduction pathway directs many cellular processes in metazoans and its deregulation underlies numerous human congenital diseases and cancers . Most notably , more than 80% of colon cancers arise from aberrant activation of the Wnt pathway . A better understanding of how Wnt s... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"cloning",
"physiological",
"processes",
"age",
"groups",
"adults",
"homeostasis",
"stem",
"cells",
"molecular",
"biology",
"techniques",
"cardia",
"digestive",
"system",
"research",
"and",
"analysis",
"methods",
"animal",
"cel... | 2016 | Regulation of Stem Cell Proliferation and Cell Fate Specification by Wingless/Wnt Signaling Gradients Enriched at Adult Intestinal Compartment Boundaries |
Mycoplasma pneumoniae , a human pathogenic bacterium , glides on host cell surfaces by a unique and unknown mechanism . It forms an attachment organelle at a cell pole as a membrane protrusion composed of surface and internal structures , with a highly organized architecture . In the present study , we succeeded in iso... | Human mycoplasma pneumonia , an epidemic of which occurred around the world a few years ago , is caused by a pathogenic bacterium , Mycoplasma pneumoniae . This tiny bacterium , about 2 μm long , infects humans by gliding on the surface of the trachea through binding to sialylated oligosaccharides , which are also the ... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [] | 2015 | Systematic Structural Analyses of Attachment Organelle in Mycoplasma pneumoniae |
Understanding how protein structures and functions have diversified is a central goal in molecular evolution . Surveys of very divergent proteins from model organisms , however , are often insufficient to determine the features of ancestral proteins and to reveal the evolutionary events that yielded extant diversity . ... | Many protein families are so diverse that it is hard to determine their ancestral functions and to understand how their derived functions evolved . The existence of so many different functions within protein families often creates the impression that complex , novel functions must have evolved repeatedly and independen... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results/Discussion",
"Methods"
] | [
"evolutionary",
"biology",
"biochemistry/molecular",
"evolution",
"diabetes",
"and",
"endocrinology/reproductive",
"endocrinology"
] | 2010 | Protein Evolution by Molecular Tinkering: Diversification of the Nuclear Receptor Superfamily from a Ligand-Dependent Ancestor |
Protein quality control is essential for clearing misfolded and aggregated proteins from the cell , and its failure is associated with many neurodegenerative disorders . Here , we identify two genes , ufd-2 and spr-5 , that when inactivated , synergistically and robustly suppress neurotoxicity associated with misfolded... | To function properly , proteins must assume their correct three-dimensional shapes . There are numerous mechanisms within the cell , collectively referred to as protein quality control ( PQC ) , that verify proper folding . If abnormal folding is detected , PQC can either help the protein to refold or target it for deg... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [] | 2015 | Regulation of Protein Quality Control by UBE4B and LSD1 through p53-Mediated Transcription |
Bacteria are able to sense and respond to a variety of external stimuli , with responses that vary from stimuli to stimuli and from species to species . The best-understood is chemotaxis in the model organism Escherichia coli , where the dynamics and the structure of the underlying pathway are well characterised . It i... | Here , we study how signalling networks mediating chemotaxis could have evolved . We simulated the evolution of virtual bacteria , which can explore their environment by alternating between swimming and tumbling . The tumbling frequency is dictated by the output of a signalling network that senses extracellular nutrien... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Methods"
] | [
"biochemistry/molecular",
"evolution",
"evolutionary",
"biology/microbial",
"evolution",
"and",
"genomics",
"microbiology/microbial",
"evolution",
"and",
"genomics",
"biochemistry/chemical",
"biology",
"of",
"the",
"cell",
"evolutionary",
"biology/animal",
"behavior",
"computat... | 2008 | Evolution of Taxis Responses in Virtual Bacteria: Non-Adaptive Dynamics |
Chronic chagasic cardiomyopathy ( CCC ) , the main clinical sign of Chagas disease , is associated with systemic CD8+ T-cell abnormalities and CD8-enriched myocarditis occurring in an inflammatory milieu . Pentoxifylline ( PTX ) , a phosphodiesterase inhibitor , has immunoregulatory and cardioprotective properties . He... | Chronic chagasic cardiomyopathy ( CCC ) is the main clinical manifestation of Chagas disease ( CD ) , a neglected illness caused by the protozoan parasite Trypanosoma cruzi . More than hundred years after its discovery , CD continues to be a public health problem and millions of chronically infected people wait for an ... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Material",
"and",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [] | 2015 | Pentoxifylline Reverses Chronic Experimental Chagasic Cardiomyopathy in Association with Repositioning of Abnormal CD8+ T-Cell Response |
The HMG-box factor Tcf1 is required during T-cell development in the thymus and mediates the nuclear response to Wnt signals . Tcf1−/− mice have previously been characterized and show developmental blocks at the CD4−CD8− double negative ( DN ) to CD4+CD8+ double positive transition . Due to the blocks in T-cell develop... | Cancers often develop as a consequence of deregulated expression of key factors that operate during normal development . T-cell factor 1 ( Tcf1 ) has an established role in the nuclear response to Wnt signaling during normal T-cell development in the thymus . Here we show in mice that the absence of Tcf1 can trigger tu... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"hematologic",
"cancers",
"and",
"related",
"disorders",
"medicine",
"leukemias",
"hematopoiesis",
"immune",
"cells",
"acute",
"lymphoblastic",
"leukemia",
"t",
"cells",
"immunology",
"biology",
"hematology"
] | 2012 | The Nuclear Effector of Wnt-Signaling, Tcf1, Functions as a T-Cell–Specific Tumor Suppressor for Development of Lymphomas |
Herpesviruses establish a lifelong latent infection posing the risk for virus reactivation and disease . In cytomegalovirus infection , expression of the major immediate early ( IE ) genes is a critical checkpoint , driving the lytic replication cycle upon primary infection or reactivation from latency . While it is kn... | Cytomegalovirus ( CMV ) is a widespread herpesvirus that establishes a détente with the host immune system . Therefore , the CMV reactivates from latency in immunocompromised hosts , resulting in life-threatening disease of the vulnerable patients . However , the exact mechanism by which the immune system keeps CMV at ... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"medicine",
"viral",
"latency",
"infectious",
"diseases",
"immunity",
"virology",
"innate",
"immunity",
"immunology",
"cytomegalovirus",
"infection",
"biology",
"microbiology",
"viral",
"diseases",
"viral",
"replication"
] | 2014 | Reversible Silencing of Cytomegalovirus Genomes by Type I Interferon Governs Virus Latency |
As the most widespread tick-borne arbovirus causing infections in numerous countries in Asia , Africa and Europe , Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Virus ( CCHFV , family Nairoviridae ) was included in the WHO priority list of emerging pathogens needing urgent Research & Development attention . To ensure preparedness fo... | Being endemic in several countries in Asia , Africa , the Middle East and Southeastern Europe , the Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Virus ( CCHFV ) is the geographically most widespread tick-borne arbovirus . As evidenced by the recent occurrence of an autochthonous CCHFV infection in Spain , it possesses also a signif... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Materials",
"and",
"methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"enzyme-linked",
"immunoassays",
"immune",
"physiology",
"crimean-congo",
"hemorrhagic",
"fever",
"purification",
"techniques",
"immunology",
"tropical",
"diseases",
"parasitic",
"diseases",
"health",
"care",
"nucleoproteins",
"negle... | 2018 | Sensitive and specific detection of Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Virus (CCHFV)—Specific IgM and IgG antibodies in human sera using recombinant CCHFV nucleoprotein as antigen in μ-capture and IgG immune complex (IC) ELISA tests |
The conserved NineTeen protein complex ( NTC ) is an integral subunit of the spliceosome and required for intron removal during pre-mRNA splicing . The complex associates with the spliceosome and participates in the regulation of conformational changes of core spliceosomal components , stabilizing RNA-RNA- as well as R... | In eukaryotic cells , nascent mRNA is processed by splicing to remove introns and to join the exon sequences . The processed mRNA is then transported out of the nucleus and employed by ribosomes to synthesize proteins . Splicing is achieved by the spliceosome and associated protein complexes , among them the so-called ... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [] | 2014 | The SPF27 Homologue Num1 Connects Splicing and Kinesin 1-Dependent Cytoplasmic Trafficking in Ustilago maydis |
Systemic acquired resistance , mediated by the Arabidopsis NPR1 gene and the rice NH1 gene , confers broad-spectrum immunity to diverse pathogens . NPR1 and NH1 interact with TGA transcription factors to activate downstream defense genes . Despite the importance of this defense response , the signaling components downs... | To survive , plants and animals must resist microbial infection . Plants employ an immune response called systemic acquired resistance that confers long-lasting resistance to a broad-spectrum of pathogens . Researchers have previously identified two key proteins ( NPR1/NH1 and TGA ) that control this immune response . ... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Methods"
] | [
"biotechnology",
"plant",
"anatomy",
"electrophoretic",
"mobility",
"shift",
"assay",
"gene",
"regulation",
"regulatory",
"proteins",
"rna",
"extraction",
"dna-binding",
"proteins",
"plant",
"physiology",
"cereal",
"crops",
"plant",
"science",
"rice",
"model",
"organism... | 2016 | A Genetic Screen Identifies a Requirement for Cysteine-Rich–Receptor-Like Kinases in Rice NH1 (OsNPR1)-Mediated Immunity |
Fibrillins are large extracellular macromolecules that polymerize to form the backbone structure of connective tissue microfibrils . Mutations in the gene for fibrillin-1 cause the Marfan syndrome , while mutations in the gene for fibrillin-2 cause Congenital Contractural Arachnodactyly . Both are autosomal dominant di... | New strategies for treating congenital muscular dystrophies are needed . Current treatments are limited and aim to prolong ambulation and survival . Since most of the genes responsible for congenital muscular dystrophies are still unknown , elucidation of these genes may provide new insights that can lead to novel trea... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [] | 2015 | Abnormal Activation of BMP Signaling Causes Myopathy in Fbn2 Null Mice |
Plants actively perceive and respond to perturbations in their cell walls which arise during growth , biotic and abiotic stresses . However , few components involved in plant cell wall integrity sensing have been described to date . Using a reverse-genetic approach , we identified the Arabidopsis thaliana leucine-rich ... | Plants are constantly exposed to external stresses of biotic and abiotic nature , as well as internal stresses , resulting from growth and mechanical tension . Feedback information about the integrity of the cell wall can enable the plant to perceive such stresses , and respond adequately . Plants are known to perceive... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"methods"
] | [
"cell",
"walls",
"chemical",
"compounds",
"cellulose",
"plant",
"growth",
"and",
"development",
"plant",
"cell",
"biology",
"brassica",
"marker",
"genes",
"organic",
"compounds",
"plant",
"cell",
"walls",
"developmental",
"biology",
"plant",
"science",
"model",
"org... | 2017 | The Arabidopsis leucine-rich repeat receptor kinase MIK2/LRR-KISS connects cell wall integrity sensing, root growth and response to abiotic and biotic stresses |
9 million people are infected with Trypanosoma cruzi in Latin America , plus more than 300 , 000 in the United States , Canada , Europe , Australia , and Japan . Approximately 30% of infected individuals develop circulatory or digestive pathology . While in underdeveloped countries transmission is mainly through hemato... | The Trypanosoma cruzi protozoan infects 9 million people in Latin America and increasing numbers in North America , Europe , Australia , and Japan . It is an important neglected parasitic disease in the Americas with no safe treatment available . One third of those infected develops incapacitating pathology . While in ... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"medicine",
"infectious",
"diseases",
"chagas",
"disease",
"neglected",
"tropical",
"diseases",
"immunology",
"biology",
"immunomodulation"
] | 2013 | The Interaction of Classical Complement Component C1 with Parasite and Host Calreticulin Mediates Trypanosoma cruzi Infection of Human Placenta |
Our current understanding of how the brain segregates auditory scenes into meaningful objects is in line with a Gestaltism framework . These Gestalt principles suggest a theory of how different attributes of the soundscape are extracted then bound together into separate groups that reflect different objects or streams ... | In every day life , our brain is able to effortlessly make sense of the cacophony of sounds that constantly enter our ears and organize them into meaningful sound objects . In this work , we use an architecture based on stochastic neural networks to ‘learn’ from natural sounds which cues are crucial to the process of a... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"methods"
] | [
"acoustics",
"linguistics",
"neural",
"networks",
"engineering",
"and",
"technology",
"signal",
"processing",
"social",
"sciences",
"neuroscience",
"neuronal",
"tuning",
"computer",
"and",
"information",
"sciences",
"animal",
"cells",
"speech",
"physics",
"cellular",
"n... | 2019 | A Gestalt inference model for auditory scene segregation |
In eukaryotic cells , ribosomal RNAs ( rRNAs ) are transcribed , processed , and assembled with ribosomal proteins in the nucleolus . Regulatory mechanisms of rRNA gene ( rDNA ) transcription and processing remain elusive in plants , especially their connection to nucleolar organization . We performed an in silico scre... | The rRNA regulatory network underlying the structure and function of the plant nucleolus is largely unknown . We identified a previously uncharacterized SAS10/C1D family protein THAL as a novel component important for both rRNA gene expression and processing , which further impacts nucleolar structure . thal-2 mutant h... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"plant",
"anatomy",
"plant",
"growth",
"and",
"development",
"plant",
"embryo",
"anatomy",
"brassica",
"developmental",
"biology",
"plant",
"science",
"model",
"organisms",
"seedlings",
"cell",
"nucleus",
"embryos",
"plants",
"cellular",
"structures",
"and",
"organell... | 2016 | Dual Role of a SAS10/C1D Family Protein in Ribosomal RNA Gene Expression and Processing Is Essential for Reproduction in Arabidopsis thaliana |
Vector control is still our primary intervention for both prevention and mitigation of epidemics of many vector-borne diseases . Efficiently targeting control measures is important since control can involve substantial economic costs . Targeting is not always straightforward , as transmission of vector-borne diseases i... | Control and prevention of Aedes-transmitted viruses , such as dengue , chikungunya , or Zika relies heavily on vector control approaches . Given the effort and cost involved in implementation of vector control , targeting of control measures is highly desirable . However , it is unclear to what extent the effectiveness... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"dengue",
"virus",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"pathology",
"and",
"laboratory",
"medicine",
"togaviruses",
"pathogens",
"neighborhoods",
"vector-borne",
"diseases",
"microbiology",
"social",
"sciences",
"human",
"mobility",
"alphaviruses",
"viruses",
"chikun... | 2019 | Contrasting the value of targeted versus area-wide mosquito control scenarios to limit arbovirus transmission with human mobility patterns based on different tropical urban population centers |
Gastrointestinal involvement affects 30–40% of the patients with chronic Chagas disease . Esophageal symptoms appear once the structural damage is established . Little is known about the usefulness of high resolution manometry to early identification of esophageal involvement . We performed a cross-sectional study at t... | Chagas disease is a parasitic disease mainly transmitted to humans by blood-sucking insects . The disease was endemic in Latin America , but it is now a global disease due to migratory movements . The disease can affect the heart and the digestive system ( mainly esophagus and colon ) . Classically , esophageal assessm... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"biotechnology",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"classical",
"mechanics",
"laryngology",
"catheters",
"tropical",
"diseases",
"tonicity",
"parasitic",
"diseases",
"parasitic",
"protozoans",
"osmotic",
"pressure",
"hypertonic",
"dysphagia",
"organisms",
"protozoans... | 2016 | High Resolution Esophageal Manometry in Patients with Chagas Disease: A Cross-Sectional Evaluation |
The ten-subunit transcription factor IIH ( TFIIH ) plays a crucial role in transcription and nucleotide excision repair ( NER ) . Inactivating mutations in the smallest 8-kDa TFB5/TTDA subunit cause the neurodevelopmental progeroid repair syndrome trichothiodystrophy A ( TTD-A ) . Previous studies have shown that TTDA ... | DNA is under constant attack of various environmental and cellular produced DNA damaging agents . DNA damage hampers normal cell function; however , different DNA repair mechanisms protect our genetic information . Nucleotide Excision Repair is one of the most versatile repair processes , as it removes a large variety ... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"animal",
"models",
"rna",
"model",
"organisms",
"nucleic",
"acids",
"mouse",
"genetics",
"molecular",
"genetics",
"dna",
"biology",
"dna",
"repair",
"molecular",
"cell",
"biology",
"rna",
"synthesis",
"genetics",
"of",
"disease",
"gene",
"function"
] | 2013 | Disruption of TTDA Results in Complete Nucleotide Excision Repair Deficiency and Embryonic Lethality |
We previously reported that the G allele of rs3853839 at 3′untranslated region ( UTR ) of Toll-like receptor 7 ( TLR7 ) was associated with elevated transcript expression and increased risk for systemic lupus erythematosus ( SLE ) in 9 , 274 Eastern Asians [P = 6 . 5×10−10 , odds ratio ( OR ) ( 95%CI ) = 1 . 27 ( 1 . 1... | Systemic lupus erythematosus ( SLE ) is a debilitating autoimmune disease contributed to by excessive innate immune activation involving toll-like receptors ( TLRs , particularly TLR7/8/9 ) and type I interferon ( IFN ) signaling pathways . TLR7 responds against RNA–containing nuclear antigens and activates IFN-α pathw... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"systemic",
"lupus",
"erythematosus",
"medicine",
"rheumatology",
"immunity",
"genetic",
"association",
"studies",
"innate",
"immunity",
"genetics",
"immunology",
"biology",
"human",
"genetics",
"genetics",
"of",
"disease",
"genetics",
"and",
"genomics"
] | 2013 | MicroRNA-3148 Modulates Allelic Expression of Toll-Like Receptor 7 Variant Associated with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus |
Spatial structure and local migration are predicted to promote the evolution of less aggressive host exploitation strategies in horizontally transmitted pathogens . Here we explore the effect of spatial structure on the evolution of pathogens that can use both horizontal and vertical routes of transmission . First , we... | Why do some viruses use latent infection strategies and in which environments can such prudent host exploitation strategies evolve ? Theory of mathematical epidemiology and social evolution predicts that prudent pathogens can evolve when they cluster in space and share the mutual benefits of prudent exploitation of the... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Methods"
] | [] | 2015 | Spatial Structure, Transmission Modes and the Evolution of Viral Exploitation Strategies |
Clonorchis sinensis causes chronic cumulative infections in the human hepatobiliary tract and is intimately associated with cholangiocarcinoma . Approximately 35 million people are infected and 600 million people are at risk of infections worldwide . C . sinensis excretory-secretory products ( ESP ) constitute the firs... | Clonorchis sinensis is a trematode parasite that infects the hepatobiliary ducts of the mammals including humans . Approximately 35 million people are infected and 600 million people are at risk of infections . Epidemiological studies have convincingly demonstrated relationships between clonorchiasis and cholangiocarci... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"medicine"
] | 2013 | Differential Activation of Diverse Glutathione Transferases of Clonorchis sinensis in Response to the Host Bile and Oxidative Stressors |
The methylfolate trap , a metabolic blockage associated with anemia , neural tube defects , Alzheimer’s dementia , cardiovascular diseases , and cancer , was discovered in the 1960s , linking the metabolism of folate , vitamin B12 , methionine and homocysteine . However , the existence or physiological significance of ... | Sulfonamides were the first agents to successfully treat bacterial infections , but their use later declined due to the emergence of resistant organisms . Restoration of these drugs may be achieved through inactivation of molecular mechanisms responsible for resistance . A chemo-genomic screen first identified 50 chrom... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"blood",
"cells",
"antimicrobials",
"cell",
"physiology",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"immune",
"cells",
"pathology",
"and",
"laboratory",
"medicine",
"chemical",
"compounds",
"pathogens",
"drugs",
"immunology",
"microbiology",
"cell",
"metabolism",
"organi... | 2016 | Methylfolate Trap Promotes Bacterial Thymineless Death by Sulfa Drugs |
DNA double-strand break ( DSB ) repair occurring in repeated DNA sequences often leads to the generation of chromosomal rearrangements . Homologous recombination normally ensures a faithful repair of DSBs through a mechanism that transfers the genetic information of an intact donor template to the broken molecule . Whe... | Genome rearrangements consisting of non-reciprocal translocations ( NRTs ) seem to play an important role in carcinogenesis in humans . They are likely caused by intracellular mechanisms that are normally committed to repair breaks occurring in the DNA molecule . Failure of faithful repair of DNA double-strand breaks (... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"genetics",
"biology",
"genomics",
"molecular",
"cell",
"biology",
"genetics",
"and",
"genomics"
] | 2012 | Complex Chromosomal Rearrangements Mediated by Break-Induced Replication Involve Structure-Selective Endonucleases |
Understanding of genotype-phenotype associations is important not only for furthering our knowledge on internal cellular processes , but also essential for providing the foundation necessary for genetic engineering of microorganisms for industrial use ( e . g . , production of bioenergy or biofuels ) . However , genoty... | Genetic engineers often seek to modify the physical traits of microorganisms used in industrial processes in order to improve the efficiency of the overall process . The genes targeted for modification in these cases are typically identified by searching for genes whose presence in an organism is correlated with the pr... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Methods"
] | [
"algorithms",
"systems",
"biology",
"computer",
"science",
"genomics",
"biology",
"computational",
"biology",
"comparative",
"genomics",
"metabolic",
"networks",
"genetics",
"and",
"genomics"
] | 2012 | NIBBS-Search for Fast and Accurate Prediction of Phenotype-Biased Metabolic Systems |
Whole-genome sequencing technologies are being increasingly applied to Plasmodium falciparum clinical isolates to identify genetic determinants of malaria pathogenesis . However , genome-wide discovery methods , such as haplotype scans for signatures of natural selection , are hindered by missing genotypes in sequence ... | Characterizing genetic diversity and function in Plasmodium falciparum , including identifying determinants of emerging drug resistance , is crucial to informing public health strategies to contain and eliminate this malaria parasite . The lack of a robust framework to handle missing P . falciparum genotypes arising fr... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [] | 2015 | Imputation-Based Population Genetics Analysis of Plasmodium falciparum Malaria Parasites |
Climate change disrupts ecological systems in many ways . Many documented responses depend on species' life histories , contributing to the view that climate change effects are important but difficult to characterize generally . However , systematic variation in metabolic effects of temperature across trophic levels su... | Humans rely on marine ecosystems for economic and nutritional sustenance—including about 16% of animal protein consumed by humans—making it especially important for natural scientists , economists , conservationists and long-term policy planners to understand how climate change is likely to affect oceanic food webs . Y... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Methods"
] | [
"ecology/global",
"change",
"ecology",
"ecology/community",
"ecology",
"and",
"biodiversity",
"ecology",
"ecology/marine",
"and",
"freshwater",
"ecology"
] | 2009 | Warming and Resource Availability Shift Food Web Structure and Metabolism |
Buruli ulcer ( BU ) , caused by Mycobacterium ulcerans is a chronic necrotizing skin disease . It usually starts with a subcutaneous nodule or plaque containing large clusters of extracellular acid-fast bacilli . Surrounding tissue is destroyed by the cytotoxic macrolide toxin mycolactone produced by microcolonies of M... | Buruli ulcer ( BU ) can lead to large ulcerative lesions due to extensive skin loss caused by the necrotizing effect of the main virulence factor mycolactone . For a long time the general perception was that BU lesions are not infected by other bacteria because of a postulated antimicrobial effect of the macrolide toxi... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"bacteriology",
"medicine",
"dermatology",
"infectious",
"diseases",
"buruli",
"ulcer",
"emerging",
"infectious",
"diseases",
"medical",
"microbiology",
"neglected",
"tropical",
"diseases",
"biology",
"microbiology"
] | 2013 | Secondary Bacterial Infections of Buruli Ulcer Lesions Before and After Chemotherapy with Streptomycin and Rifampicin |
Latent HIV infection of long-lived cells is a barrier to viral clearance . Hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells are a heterogeneous population of cells , some of which are long-lived . CXCR4-tropic HIVs infect a broad range of HSPC subtypes , including hematopoietic stem cells , which are multi-potent and long-lived... | People who are effectively treated with antiretroviral medication harbor persistent forms of HIV that are integrated into the cellular genome . While HIV is cytopathic to most cells , transcriptionally silent , latent forms do not express toxic HIV gene products and can survive in the host for years . When conditions c... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"methods"
] | [
"blood",
"cells",
"flow",
"cytometry",
"hiv",
"infections",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"immune",
"cells",
"pathology",
"and",
"laboratory",
"medicine",
"pathogens",
"immunology",
"microbiology",
"cell",
"differentiation",
"retroviruses",
"viruses",
"immuno... | 2017 | CD4 is expressed on a heterogeneous subset of hematopoietic progenitors, which persistently harbor CXCR4 and CCR5-tropic HIV proviral genomes in vivo |
The continued evolution of bacterial pathogens has major implications for both human and animal disease , but the exchange of genetic material between host-restricted pathogens is rarely considered . Streptococcus equi subspecies equi ( S . equi ) is a host-restricted pathogen of horses that has evolved from the zoonot... | Streptococci colonize a diverse range of animals and tissues , and this association is normally harmless . Occasionally some strains of streptococci have an increased ability to cause disease that is often associated with a reduction in the ability to colonize and the acquisition of new genes , which enable the strain ... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results/Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"genetics",
"and",
"genomics/microbial",
"evolution",
"and",
"genomics",
"evolutionary",
"biology/microbial",
"evolution",
"and",
"genomics",
"genetics",
"and",
"genomics/gene",
"discovery",
"microbiology/microbial",
"evolution",
"and",
"genomics",
"genetics",
"and",
"genom... | 2009 | Genomic Evidence for the Evolution of Streptococcus equi: Host Restriction, Increased Virulence, and Genetic Exchange with Human Pathogens |
ComK transcriptionally controls competence for the uptake of transforming DNA in Bacillus subtilis . Only 10%–20% of the cells in a clonal population are randomly selected for competence . Because ComK activates its own promoter , cells exceeding a threshold amount of ComK trigger a positive feedback loop , transitioni... | Populations of bacterial cells sometimes bifurcate into subpopulations with different patterns of gene expression . The soil bacterium B . subtilis becomes “competent” for the uptake of environmental DNA , thus acquiring new genetic information . About 15% of the cells are chosen for expression of the competence genes ... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"systems",
"biology",
"biochemistry",
"developmental",
"biology",
"model",
"organisms",
"genetics",
"biology",
"computational",
"biology",
"microbiology",
"biophysics",
"genetics",
"and",
"genomics"
] | 2012 | Spo0A∼P Imposes a Temporal Gate for the Bimodal Expression of Competence in Bacillus subtilis |
Aedes aegypti ( L . ) ( Diptera: Culicidae ) is a highly invasive mosquito whose global distribution has fluctuated dramatically over the last 100 years . In Australia the distribution of Ae . aegypti once spanned the eastern seaboard , for 3 , 000 km north to south . However , during the 1900s this distribution marked... | We examined the historical role that water storage practices and the enforcement of anti-mosquito regulations played in the elimination of Aedes aegypti from Brisbane , a major urban centre in Australia . We examined changes in regulations pertaining to mosquitoes , collected government records documenting surveillance... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"invertebrates",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"ecology",
"and",
"environmental",
"sciences",
"water",
"resources",
"geographical",
"locations",
"social",
"sciences",
"australia",
"animals",
"ddt",
"insect",
"vectors",
"zoology",
"law",
"and",
"legal",
"sci... | 2017 | The elimination of the dengue vector, Aedes aegypti, from Brisbane, Australia: The role of surveillance, larval habitat removal and policy |
Classification of plants according to their echoes is an elementary component of bat behavior that plays an important role in spatial orientation and food acquisition . Vegetation echoes are , however , highly complex stochastic signals: from an acoustical point of view , a plant can be thought of as a three-dimensiona... | Bats are able to classify plants using echolocation . They emit ultrasonic signals and can recognize the plant according to the echo returning from it . This ability assists them in many of their daily activities , like finding food sources associated with certain plants or using landmarks for navigation or homing . Th... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"neuroscience/behavioral",
"neuroscience",
"neuroscience/animal",
"cognition",
"neuroscience/sensory",
"systems"
] | 2008 | Plant Classification from Bat-Like Echolocation Signals |
Bacterial pathogens have evolved a specialized type III secretion system ( T3SS ) to translocate virulence effector proteins directly into eukaryotic target cells . Salmonellae deploy effectors that trigger localized actin reorganization to force their own entry into non-phagocytic host cells . Six effectors ( SipC , S... | Critical to the onset of Salmonella infection is the ability of bacteria to force their own entry ( ‘invade’ ) into intestinal cells of their mammalian host from where they replicate , spread and cause damage . To achieve this invasion , Salmonella deliver a cocktail of proteins directly into host target cells . These ... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"infectious",
"diseases/bacterial",
"infections",
"cell",
"biology/cytoskeleton",
"microbiology/cellular",
"microbiology",
"and",
"pathogenesis",
"cell",
"biology/cell",
"signaling"
] | 2008 | Deciphering Interplay between Salmonella Invasion Effectors |
The progressive loss of CD4+ T cell population is the hallmark of HIV-1 infection but the mechanism underlying the slow T cell decline remains unclear . Some recent studies suggested that pyroptosis , a form of programmed cell death triggered during abortive HIV infection , is associated with the release of inflammator... | The CD4+ T cell population within HIV-infected individuals declines slowly as disease progresses . When CD4+ cells drop to below 200 cells/ul , the infection is usually considered to enter the late stage , i . e . , acquired immune deficiency syndrome ( AIDS ) . CD4+ T cell depletion can take many years but the biologi... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [] | 2015 | Modeling the Slow CD4+ T Cell Decline in HIV-Infected Individuals |
The nuo-6 and isp-1 genes of C . elegans encode , respectively , subunits of complex I and III of the mitochondrial respiratory chain . Partial loss-of-function mutations in these genes decrease electron transport and greatly increase the longevity of C . elegans by a mechanism that is distinct from that induced by red... | An unequivocal demonstration that mitochondria are important for lifespan comes from studies with the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans . Mutations in mitochondrial proteins such as ISP-1 and NUO-6 , which function directly in mitochondrial electron transport , lead to a dramatic increase in the lifespan of this organism... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"developmental",
"biology/aging"
] | 2010 | A Mitochondrial Superoxide Signal Triggers Increased Longevity in Caenorhabditis elegans |
The Ras-GAP SH3 domain–binding proteins ( G3BP ) are essential regulators of the formation of stress granules ( SG ) , cytosolic aggregates of proteins and RNA that are induced upon cellular stress , such as virus infection . Many viruses , including Semliki Forest virus ( SFV ) , block SG induction by targeting G3BP .... | Stress granules ( SGs ) are dynamic aggregates of proteins and translationally silenced mRNA that are formed in cells upon various stress conditions , such as virus infection . SGs are thought to be antiviral , and many viruses have hence evolved countermeasures to prevent their formation , often targeting the essentia... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [] | 2015 | Viral and Cellular Proteins Containing FGDF Motifs Bind G3BP to Block Stress Granule Formation |
The sense of taste is fundamental to our ability to ingest nutritious substances and to detect and avoid potentially toxic ones . Sensory taste buds are housed in papillae that develop from epithelial placodes . Three distinct types of gustatory papillae reside on the rodent tongue: small fungiform papillae are found i... | The sense of taste is important for an animal's ability to survive and thrive , because it enables discrimination between nutritious substances and toxins . Taste buds are housed largely on the tongue in structures called papillae; of the three types of gustatory papillae , the circumvallate papilla ( CVP ) is the larg... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"developmental",
"biology",
"biology",
"evolutionary",
"biology"
] | 2011 | FGF Signaling Regulates the Number of Posterior Taste Papillae by Controlling Progenitor Field Size |
Ciliopathies are a group of genetic multi-systemic disorders related to dysfunction of the primary cilium , a sensory organelle present at the cell surface that regulates key signaling pathways during development and tissue homeostasis . In order to identify novel genes whose mutations would cause severe developmental ... | Genes mutated in ciliopathies encode proteins with various localizations and functions at the primary cilium . Here we report novel NEK8 mutations in patients with renal cystic hypodysplasia and associated ciliopathy defects . NEK8 belongs to a protein complex defining the Inversin compartment of the cilium . It is als... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"nuclear",
"staining",
"fibroblasts",
"mutation",
"developmental",
"biology",
"connective",
"tissue",
"cells",
"nonsense",
"mutation",
"embryos",
"kidneys",
"cellular",
"structures",
"and",
"organelles",
"research",
"and",
"analy... | 2016 | Novel NEK8 Mutations Cause Severe Syndromic Renal Cystic Dysplasia through YAP Dysregulation |
We sought to define protective mechanisms of immunity to Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans bloodstream infections in mice immunized with the recombinant N-terminus of Als3p ( rAls3p-N ) vaccine plus aluminum hydroxide ( Al ( OH3 ) adjuvant , or adjuvant controls . Deficiency of IFN-γ but not IL-17A enhanced su... | The bacterium Staphylococcus aureus and the fungus Candida are the second and third leading cause of bloodstream infections in hospitalized patients . A vaccine to prevent such infections would be of enormous public health benefit . The leading hypothesis to explain why vaccines have not been successfully developed aga... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Methods"
] | [
"infectious",
"diseases/bacterial",
"infections",
"infectious",
"diseases/fungal",
"infections",
"immunology/immunity",
"to",
"infections"
] | 2009 | Th1-Th17 Cells Mediate Protective Adaptive Immunity against Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans Infection in Mice |
Since its initiation in 1995 , the African Program for Onchocerciasis Control ( APOC ) has had a substantial impact on the prevalence and burden of onchocerciasis through annual ivermectin mass treatment . Ivermectin is a broad-spectrum anti-parasitic agent that also has an impact on other co-endemic parasitic infectio... | Onchocerciasis , or river blindness , is an infectious disease caused by the worm Onchocerca volvulus , which is transmitted between humans through the bites of blackflies and causes deforming skin disease , itch , and vision loss . The African Programme for Onchocerciasis Control ( APOC ) aims to control morbidity due... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [] | 2015 | African Program for Onchocerciasis Control 1995–2010: Impact of Annual Ivermectin Mass Treatment on Off-Target Infectious Diseases |
TcSMUG L products were recently identified as novel mucin-type glycoconjugates restricted to the surface of insect-dwelling epimastigote forms of Trypanosoma cruzi , the etiological agent of Chagas disease . The remarkable conservation of their predicted mature N-terminal region , which is exposed to the extracellular ... | Chagas disease , the major tropical human disease in much of Latin America , affects approximately 11 million people . There are 300 , 000 new cases of Chagas disease and approximately 21 , 000 deaths , annually . Triatomine vectors , including Rhodnius prolixus , are able to transmit the protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi , ... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [] | 2013 | Trypanosoma cruzi TcSMUG L-surface Mucins Promote Development and Infectivity in the Triatomine Vector Rhodnius prolixus |
The growing burden of dengue in many countries worldwide and the difficulty of preventing outbreaks have increased the urgency to identify alternative public health management strategies and effective approaches to control and prevent dengue outbreaks . The objectives of this study were to understand the impact of deng... | Since the beginning of the 21st century , dengue fever has been a significant vector-borne arboviral disease; actually more than 3 . 9 billion people are at risk of infection in 128 countries . Dengue has become an increasing public health concern in Latin America , especially in Brazil , which has the highest incidenc... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"physicians",
"medical",
"doctors",
"economic",
"analysis",
"municipal",
"government",
"tropical",
"diseases",
"geographical",
"locations",
"social",
"sciences",
"political",
"science",
"health",
"care",
"research",
"design",
"he... | 2017 | Societal impact of dengue outbreaks: Stakeholder perceptions and related implications. A qualitative study in Brazil, 2015 |
Treatment with broadly neutralizing antibodies ( bNAbs ) has proven effective against HIV-1 infections in humanized mice , non-human primates , and humans . Due to the high mutation rate of HIV-1 , resistance testing of the patient’s viral strains to the bNAbs is still inevitable . So far , bNAb resistance can only be ... | Several sequence-based approaches exist to predict the epitope of broadly neutralizing antibodies ( bNAbs ) against HIV based on the correlation between variation in the viral sequence and neutralization response to the antibody . Though the potential epitope sites can be used to predict the neutralization response , t... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"and",
"discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"methods"
] | [
"chemical",
"neutralization",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"immune",
"physiology",
"pathology",
"and",
"laboratory",
"medicine",
"pathogens",
"immunology",
"microbiology",
"retroviruses",
"viruses",
"immunodeficiency",
"viruses",
"mathematics",
"rna",
"viruses",... | 2017 | Prediction of HIV-1 sensitivity to broadly neutralizing antibodies shows a trend towards resistance over time |
Telomerase reverse transcriptase ( TERT ) and telomerase RNA ( TR ) represent the enzymatically active components of telomerase . In the complex , TR provides the template for the addition of telomeric repeats to telomeres , a protective structure at the end of linear chromosomes . Human TR with a mutation in the templ... | Telomerase facilitates telomere maintenance and consists of two major components: the catalytic subunit telomerase reverse transcriptase ( TERT ) and telomerase RNA ( TR ) that provides the template for the addition of telomeric repeats to telomere ends . Expression of TRs with a mutation in the template sequence can r... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"medicine",
"infectious",
"diseases"
] | 2011 | Herpesvirus Telomerase RNA (vTR) with a Mutated Template Sequence Abrogates Herpesvirus-Induced Lymphomagenesis |
Plasmodium vivax is the most widely distributed human malaria parasite with 2 . 9 billion people living in endemic areas . Despite intensive malaria control efforts , the proportion of cases attributed to P . vivax is increasing in many countries . Genetic analyses of the parasite population and its dynamics could prov... | Plasmodium vivax is responsible for most malaria cases outside Africa but remains poorly understood . Here we describe a high-throughput assay that enables genotyping more than 100 SNPs in 96 samples simultaneously . We applied this assay to characterize P . vivax genetic diversity in ~500 individual infections collect... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"parasite",
"groups",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"plasmodium",
"population",
"genetics",
"geographical",
"locations",
"tropical",
"diseases",
"cloning",
"parasitic",
"diseases",
"parasitology",
"apicomplexa",
"molecular",
"biology",
"techniques",
"population",... | 2016 | Complexity of Infection and Genetic Diversity in Cambodian Plasmodium vivax |
Ebola virus ( EBOV ) causes a severe hemorrhagic fever in humans and non-human primates . While no licensed therapeutics are available , recently there has been tremendous progress in developing antivirals . Targeting the ribonucleoprotein complex ( RNP ) proteins , which facilitate genome replication and transcription... | Ebola viruses cause severe hemorrhagic fevers , and were responsible for the devastating Ebola virus disease epidemic in West Africa from 2013 to 2016 . While a number of experimental therapeutics against these viruses target the viral polymerase , there are still significant gaps in our knowledge regarding this essent... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"luciferase",
"enzymes",
"dna-binding",
"proteins",
"microbiology",
"negative-sense",
"rna",
"viruses",
"enzymology",
"viruses",
"developmental",
"biology",
"polymerases",
"rna",
"viruses",
"sequence",
"motif",
"analysis",
"research",
"and",
"analysis",
"methods",
"sequen... | 2017 | Characterization of the catalytic center of the Ebola virus L polymerase |
Pluripotent embryonic stem cells ( ESCs ) have the unique ability to differentiate into cells from all germ lineages , making them a potentially robust cell source for regenerative medicine therapies , but difficulties in predicting and controlling ESC differentiation currently limit the development of therapies and ap... | Pluripotent embryonic stem cells can differentiate into all cell types making up the adult body; however , this process occurs in a complex three dimensional environment with many different parameters present that are capable of influencing cell fate decisions . A model that can accurately predict the strengths of fact... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"developmental",
"biology",
"computer",
"science",
"molecular",
"cell",
"biology",
"computer",
"modeling",
"stem",
"cells",
"cell",
"biology",
"embryonic",
"stem",
"cells",
"cellular",
"types",
"biology",
"computational",
"biology",
"stem",
"cell",
"lines",
"cell",
... | 2013 | Spatial Pattern Dynamics of 3D Stem Cell Loss of Pluripotency via Rules-Based Computational Modeling |
Identifying drug-drug interactions ( DDIs ) is a major challenge in drug development . Previous attempts have established formal approaches for pharmacokinetic ( PK ) DDIs , but there is not a feasible solution for pharmacodynamic ( PD ) DDIs because the endpoint is often a serious adverse event rather than a measurabl... | Drug-drug interaction ( DDI ) is an important problem in clinical practice . In this study , we developed a novel algorithm for systematically predicting pharmacodynamic ( PD ) DDIs through protein-protein-interaction ( PPI ) networks . We calculated a score to predict potential PD DDIs by integrating the information f... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"medicine",
"protein",
"interactions",
"drugs",
"and",
"devices",
"pharmacodynamics",
"genetics",
"and",
"genomics",
"pharmacology",
"biology",
"proteomics",
"drug",
"discovery",
"biochemistry",
"drug",
"research",
"and",
"development",
"genetics",
"genomics",
"drug",
"... | 2013 | Systematic Prediction of Pharmacodynamic Drug-Drug Interactions through Protein-Protein-Interaction Network |
Strongyloides stercoralis is a globally distributed nematode that causes diverse clinical symptoms in humans . Spain , once considered an endemic country , has experienced a recent increase in imported cases . The introduction of serology helps diagnosis and is currently replacing microbiological techniques in some set... | Strongyloides stercoralis is a globally distributed worm . It has a free living cycle in wet moist soils , and an autoinfecting cycle affecting humans in their lungs , bowels and skin . Strongyloidiasis is the name of the infection caused by S . stercoralis and it can vary from an indolent state , with no symptoms at a... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"hiv",
"infections",
"urinary",
"system",
"procedures",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"organ",
"transplantation",
"european",
"union",
"tropical",
"diseases",
"geographical",
"locations",
"parasitic",
"diseases",
"surgical",
"and",
"invasive",
"medical",
"pro... | 2018 | Management of severe strongyloidiasis attended at reference centers in Spain |
Understanding the principles governing axonal and dendritic branching is essential for unravelling the functionality of single neurons and the way in which they connect . Nevertheless , no formalism has yet been described which can capture the general features of neuronal branching . Here we propose such a formalism , ... | More than a century has passed since Ramón y Cajal presented a set of fundamental biological laws of neuronal branching . He described how the shape of the core elements of the neural circuitry – axons and dendrites – are constrained by physical parameters such as space , cytoplasmic volume , and conduction time . The ... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Methods"
] | [
"neuroscience/theoretical",
"neuroscience",
"biophysics/theory",
"and",
"simulation",
"developmental",
"biology/morphogenesis",
"and",
"cell",
"biology",
"computational",
"biology/computational",
"neuroscience"
] | 2010 | One Rule to Grow Them All: A General Theory of Neuronal Branching and Its Practical Application |
Differential co-expression network analyses have recently become an important step in the investigation of cellular differentiation and dysfunctional gene-regulation in cell and tissue disease-states . The resulting networks have been analyzed to identify and understand pathways associated with disorders , or to infer ... | With the ever increasing availability of large sets of gene expression data , much effort has been directed towards studying shared expression patterns between different genes . We have developed a general method for studying the variation of gene co-expression between two different conditions , which allows for a more... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Materials",
"and",
"methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"genetic",
"networks",
"neural",
"networks",
"gene",
"regulation",
"protein",
"interaction",
"networks",
"cancers",
"and",
"neoplasms",
"brain",
"neuroscience",
"oncology",
"neurological",
"tumors",
"network",
"analysis",
"comput... | 2017 | A composite network of conserved and tissue specific gene interactions reveals possible genetic interactions in glioma |
We investigated the growth properties and virulence in mice of three Zika virus ( ZIKV ) strains of Asian/American lineage , PRVABC59 , ZIKV/Hu/Chiba/S36/2016 ( ChibaS36 ) , and ZIKV/Hu/NIID123/2016 ( NIID123 ) , belonging to the three distinct subtypes of this lineage . The American-subtype strain , PRVABC59 , showed ... | Zika virus ( ZIKV ) is classified into two lineages , African and Asian/American . Phylogenetic analyses have revealed that Asian/American-lineage ZIKV strains can be divided into three distinct subtypes , the American , Pacific , and Southeast Asian subtypes , presenting several amino acid differences . In this study ... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"sequencing",
"techniques",
"taxonomy",
"vero",
"cells",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"reproductive",
"system",
"pathology",
"and",
"laboratory",
"medicine",
"pathogens",
"biological",
"cultures",
"microbiology",
"viruses",
"amino",
"acid",
"sequence",
"anal... | 2019 | Increased growth ability and pathogenicity of American- and Pacific-subtype Zika virus (ZIKV) strains compared with a Southeast Asian-subtype ZIKV strain |
To understand the process of innate immune fungal recognition , we developed computational tools for the rigorous quantification and comparison of receptor recruitment and distribution at cell-cell contact sites . We used these tools to quantify pattern recognition receptor spatiotemporal distributions in contacts betw... | Specialized cell-cell contacts are a common theme in cell biology . These structures increase sensitivity and specificity of cellular activation and information flow in contexts ranging from activation of immune responses to transmission of nerve action potentials . Candida species fungal pathogens are responsible for ... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"biomacromolecule-ligand",
"interactions",
"immunopathology",
"biochemistry",
"protein",
"chemistry",
"immune",
"cells",
"mathematics",
"cell",
"biology",
"animal",
"cells",
"clinical",
"immunology",
"antigen",
"processing",
"and",
"recognition",
"antigen-presenting",
"cells"... | 2014 | A New Tool to Quantify Receptor Recruitment to Cell Contact Sites during Host-Pathogen Interaction |
Quinolones are potent broad-spectrum bactericidal agents increasingly employed also in resource-limited countries . Resistance to quinolones is an increasing problem , known to be strongly associated with quinolone exposure . We report on the emergence of quinolone resistance in a very remote community in the Amazon fo... | Quinolones are broad-spectrum antibiotics which bind to type II topoisomerases ( DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV ) and inhibit DNA re-ligation after enzyme cut , exerting a rapid bactericidal activity . They are widely used for the treatment of several community- and hospital-acquired infections and have become increas... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"escherichia",
"coli",
"medicine",
"bacterial",
"diseases",
"infectious",
"diseases"
] | 2012 | Quinolone Resistance in Absence of Selective Pressure: The Experience of a Very Remote Community in the Amazon Forest |
The progressive failure of protein homeostasis is a hallmark of aging and a common feature in neurodegenerative disease . As the enzymes executing the final stages of autophagy , lysosomal proteases are key contributors to the maintenance of protein homeostasis with age . We previously reported that expression of granu... | Progressive decline in maintenance of protein homeostasis clearly contributes to the development of neurodegenerative disorders , yet the molecular basis of this decline is poorly understood . Here , we take advantage of molecular genetic techniques available in the model organism C . elegans to investigate the mechani... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"methods"
] | [
"invertebrates",
"lysosomes",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"caenorhabditis",
"enzymes",
"endoplasmic",
"reticulum",
"cell",
"processes",
"enzymology",
"cell",
"disruption",
"animals",
"animal",
"models",
"physiological",
"processes",
"caenorhabditis",
"elegans",... | 2019 | Age- and stress-associated C. elegans granulins impair lysosomal function and induce a compensatory HLH-30/TFEB transcriptional response |
Anisakiasis is an emerging public health problem , caused by Anisakis spp . nematode larvae . Anisakiasis presents as variable and unspecific gastrointestinal and/or allergic clinical symptoms , which accounts for the high rate of misdiagnosed cases . The aim of this study was to characterize the early cellular ( 6–72 ... | Anisakiasis is a zoonotic disease ( infection transmitted between animals and humans ) contracted by consumption of raw or undercooked seafood contaminated with Anisakis spp . nematode larvae . Anisakiasis usually presents with variable and unspecific gastrointestinal and/or allergic symptoms , which accounts for the h... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Materials",
"and",
"methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"blood",
"cells",
"invertebrates",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"immune",
"cells",
"pathology",
"and",
"laboratory",
"medicine",
"natural",
"antisense",
"transcripts",
"gene",
"regulation",
"immunology",
"animals",
"developmental",
"biology",
"micrornas",
"s... | 2019 | Interplay between proinflammatory cytokines, miRNA, and tissue lesions in Anisakis-infected Sprague-Dawley rats |
Understanding how dynamical responses of biological networks are constrained by underlying network topology is one of the fundamental goals of systems biology . Here we employ monotone systems theory to formulate a theorem stating necessary conditions for non-monotonic time-response of a biochemical network to a monoto... | Over the last several years mathematical modeling has become widely used to understand how biochemical systems respond to perturbations . In particular , dynamics of the response , i . e . the precise nature of how the responses changes with time , has become the focus of multiple studies . However , to this date only ... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Methods"
] | [
"genetic",
"networks",
"enzymes",
"gene",
"regulation",
"messenger",
"rna",
"enzymology",
"optimization",
"systems",
"science",
"mathematics",
"network",
"analysis",
"hypoxia",
"genome",
"analysis",
"bacteria",
"computer",
"and",
"information",
"sciences",
"genomics",
"... | 2016 | Non-monotonic Response to Monotonic Stimulus: Regulation of Glyoxylate Shunt Gene-Expression Dynamics in Mycobacterium tuberculosis |
We carried out whole genome resequencing of 127 chicken including red jungle fowl and multiple populations of commercial broilers and layers to perform a systematic screening of adaptive changes in modern chicken ( Gallus gallus domesticus ) . We uncovered >21 million high quality SNPs of which 34% are newly detected v... | Domestic chickens ( Gallus gallus domesticus ) provide a critical resource for animal proteins for human nutrition worldwide . Chickens were primarily domesticated from the red jungle fowl ( Gallus gallus gallus ) , a bird that still runs wild in most of Southeast Asia . Human driven selection during domestication and ... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"and",
"discussion",
"Methods"
] | [
"animal",
"types",
"ecology",
"and",
"environmental",
"sciences",
"animal",
"genetics",
"domestic",
"animals",
"chickens",
"vertebrates",
"social",
"sciences",
"animals",
"animal",
"behavior",
"deserts",
"bird",
"genetics",
"zoology",
"ecological",
"metrics",
"birds",
... | 2019 | Genetics of adaptation in modern chicken |
RNA interference ( RNAi ) represents the only method currently available for manipulating gene-specific expression in Schistosoma spp . , although application of this technology as a functional genomic profiling tool has yet to be explored . In the present study 32 genes , including antioxidants , transcription factors... | RNA interference ( RNAi ) represents the only method currently available for manipulating gene-specific expression in human blood flukes , Schistosoma spp . , although its application as a functional genomics tool in early intramolluscan larval stages has been limited to single gene analyses . Accelerating gene discove... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"molecular",
"biology",
"cell",
"biology/developmental",
"molecular",
"mechanisms",
"cell",
"biology/gene",
"expression",
"genetics",
"and",
"genomics/functional",
"genomics"
] | 2009 | Phenotypic Screen of Early-Developing Larvae of the Blood Fluke, Schistosoma mansoni, using RNA Interference |
Cancer development and progression result from somatic evolution by an accumulation of genomic alterations . The effects of those alterations on the fitness of somatic cells lead to evolutionary adaptations such as increased cell proliferation , angiogenesis , and altered anticancer drug responses . However , there are... | Cancer genome instabilities , such as chromosomal instability and microsatellite instability , have been recognized as a hallmark of cancer for several decades . However , distinguishing cancer functional somatic mutations from massive passenger mutations and non-genetic events is a major challenge in cancer research .... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [] | 2015 | A Gene Gravity Model for the Evolution of Cancer Genomes: A Study of 3,000 Cancer Genomes across 9 Cancer Types |
Osteoporosis is a complex disorder and commonly leads to fractures in elderly persons . Genome-wide association studies ( GWAS ) have become an unbiased approach to identify variations in the genome that potentially affect health . However , the genetic variants identified so far only explain a small proportion of the ... | BMD and hip geometry are two major predictors of osteoporotic fractures , the most severe consequence of osteoporosis in elderly persons . We performed sex-specific genome-wide association studies ( GWAS ) for BMD at the lumbar spine and femor neck skeletal sites as well as hip geometric indices ( NSA , NL , and NW ) i... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"genetics",
"and",
"genomics/gene",
"expression",
"genetics",
"and",
"genomics/complex",
"traits",
"genetics",
"and",
"genomics/genetics",
"of",
"disease",
"diabetes",
"and",
"endocrinology/bone",
"and",
"mineral",
"metabolism",
"genetics",
"and",
"genomics/bioinformatics"
... | 2010 | An Integration of Genome-Wide Association Study and Gene Expression Profiling to Prioritize the Discovery of Novel Susceptibility Loci for Osteoporosis-Related Traits |
The primary abnormality in Down syndrome ( DS ) , trisomy 21 , is well known; but how this chromosomal gain produces the complex DS phenotype , including immune system defects , is not well understood . We profiled DNA methylation in total peripheral blood leukocytes ( PBL ) and T-lymphocytes from adults with DS and no... | Down syndrome ( DS; trisomy 21 ) is caused by the gain of a single extra chromosome 21 . However , the mechanisms by which this extra chromosome produces the medical abnormalities seen in DS , including not only mental retardation but also susceptibility to autoimmune diseases and recurrent infections , are still not u... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"genetics",
"and",
"genomics/chromosome",
"biology",
"genetics",
"and",
"genomics/genetics",
"of",
"disease",
"genetics",
"and",
"genomics/epigenetics",
"genetics",
"and",
"genomics",
"genetics",
"and",
"genomics/medical",
"genetics"
] | 2010 | Altered DNA Methylation in Leukocytes with Trisomy 21 |
The HIV-1 gp120-gp41 complex , which mediates viral fusion and cellular entry , undergoes rapid evolution within its external glycan shield to enable escape from neutralizing antibody ( NAb ) . Understanding how conserved protein determinants retain functionality in the context of such evolution is important for their ... | The envelope glycoprotein gp120-gp41 complex of HIV-1 mediates receptor attachment and virus-cell membrane fusion , leading to cellular entry . A shield of asparagine-linked oligosaccharides occludes the gp120-gp41 protein surface and evolution of this glycan shield provides a means for evading circulating neutralizing... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"medicine",
"infectious",
"diseases",
"sexually",
"transmitted",
"diseases",
"medical",
"microbiology",
"virology",
"microbial",
"pathogens",
"hiv",
"retrovirology",
"and",
"hiv",
"immunopathogenesis",
"biology",
"microbiology",
"host-pathogen",
"interaction",
"viral",
"dis... | 2013 | Allosteric Modulation of the HIV-1 gp120-gp41 Association Site by Adjacent gp120 Variable Region 1 (V1) N-Glycans Linked to Neutralization Sensitivity |
Nephron progenitor number determines nephron endowment; a reduced nephron count is linked to the onset of kidney disease . Several transcriptional regulators including Six2 , Wt1 , Osr1 , Sall1 , Eya1 , Pax2 , and Hox11 paralogues are required for specification and/or maintenance of nephron progenitors . However , litt... | Nephrons , the filtering units of the kidney , derive from nephron progenitors . Deficiencies in nephron number increases the risk of kidney disease . An understanding of the regulatory programs governing progenitor actions has important translational potential . Several transcription factors regulate the nephron proge... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"methods"
] | [
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"gene",
"regulation",
"regulatory",
"proteins",
"dna-binding",
"proteins",
"nephrons",
"transcription",
"factors",
"sequence",
"motif",
"analysis",
"mammalian",
"genomics",
"kidneys",
"research",
"and",
"analysis",
"methods",
"se... | 2018 | Transcriptional regulatory control of mammalian nephron progenitors revealed by multi-factor cistromic analysis and genetic studies |
Although the pharmaceutical industry's “neglect” of neglected tropical diseases ( NTDs ) has been investigated , no study evaluating media coverage of NTDs has been published . Poor media coverage exacerbates the neglect . This study aimed to investigate , describe , and analyse international media coverage of “neglect... | In recent years , there has been a flurry of activity to reverse the neglect that has characterised NTDs , mostly focussed on drug development . The drug gap may be explained by market failure , yet other forces also conspire to cause the neglect of NTDs . One problem is the low visibility of these diseases . By compar... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"infectious",
"diseases/neglected",
"tropical",
"diseases",
"public",
"health",
"and",
"epidemiology"
] | 2008 | Neglected Diseases in the News: A Content Analysis of Recent International Media Coverage Focussing on Leishmaniasis and Trypanosomiasis |
Bats are newly identified reservoirs of hantaviruses ( HVs ) among which very divergent HVs have been discovered in recent years . However , their significance for public health remains unclear since their seroprevalence as well as antigenic relationship with human-infecting HVs have not been investigated . In the pres... | Some HVs are life-threatening pathogens predominantly carried and transmitted by rodents . In recent years bat-borne HVs have been identified in a broad range of bat species . To understand their significance to public health the present study conducted extensive investigations on genetic diversity , seroprevalence , d... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"methods"
] | [
"taxonomy",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"enzyme-linked",
"immunoassays",
"immune",
"physiology",
"pathology",
"and",
"laboratory",
"medicine",
"china",
"immunology",
"geographical",
"locations",
"vertebrates",
"animals",
"mammals",
"invertebrate",
"genomics",
... | 2019 | Seroprevalence, cross antigenicity and circulation sphere of bat-borne hantaviruses revealed by serological and antigenic analyses |
Dengue transmission by the mosquito vector , Aedes aegypti , occurs indoors and outdoors during the day . Personal protection of individuals , particularly when outside , is challenging . Here we assess the efficacy and durability of different types of insecticide-treated clothing on laboratory-reared Ae . aegypti . St... | Personal protection technologies could be a key tool in the fight against arthropod borne diseases . Insecticide treated clothing may have a significant effect on reducing mosquito borne disease by reducing biting rates and local vector populations . Currently there are four main treatment techniques; absorption , inco... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [] | 2015 | Permethrin-Treated Clothing as Protection against the Dengue Vector, Aedes aegypti: Extent and Duration of Protection |
Robustness , defined as tolerance to perturbations such as mutations and environmental fluctuations , is pervasive in biological systems . However , robustness often coexists with its counterpart , evolvability—the ability of perturbations to generate new phenotypes . Previous models of gene regulatory network evolutio... | Robustness , defined as tolerance to perturbations such as mutations and environmental fluctuations , is pervasive in biology . Previous models of gene regulatory networks have shown that robustness can evolve when the phenotype is under evolutionary pressure to remain constant ( stabilizing selection ) . But in more r... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Methods"
] | [] | 2015 | Antagonistic Coevolution Drives Whack-a-Mole Sensitivity in Gene Regulatory Networks |
Long intergenic non-coding RNAs ( lincRNAs ) are appearing as an important class of regulatory RNAs with a variety of biological functions . The aim of this study was to identify the lincRNA profile in the dengue vector Aedes aegypti and evaluate their potential role in host-pathogen interaction . The majority of previ... | Aedes aegypti is a major vector of several viruses such as dengue and Zika viruses . Understanding the intricate interaction of viruses with mosquito vectors and the factors involved in virus replication are essential for developing effective arbovirus control strategies . In this study , we report a comprehensive list... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Methods",
"Results",
"and",
"Discussion"
] | [
"invertebrates",
"dengue",
"virus",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"pathology",
"and",
"laboratory",
"medicine",
"gene",
"regulation",
"pathogens",
"microbiology",
"animals",
"long",
"non-coding",
"rnas",
"invertebrate",
"genomics",
"viruses",
"micrornas",
"rn... | 2016 | Identification of Aedes aegypti Long Intergenic Non-coding RNAs and Their Association with Wolbachia and Dengue Virus Infection |
Visceral leishmaniasis ( VL ) is a common complication in AIDS patients living in Leishmania-endemic areas . Although antiretroviral therapy has changed the clinical course of HIV infection and its associated illnesses , the prevention of VL relapses remains a challenge for the care of HIV and Leishmania co-infected pa... | Visceral leishmaniasis ( VL ) is the most serious form of an insect-transmitted parasitic disease prevalent in 70 countries . The disease is caused by species of the L . donovani complex found in different geographical regions . These parasites have substantially different clinical , drug susceptibility and epidemiolog... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"medicine",
"infectious",
"diseases",
"hiv",
"leishmaniasis",
"hiv",
"clinical",
"manifestations",
"neglected",
"tropical",
"diseases",
"viral",
"diseases",
"hiv",
"opportunistic",
"infections"
] | 2011 | Predictors of Visceral Leishmaniasis Relapse in HIV-Infected Patients: A Systematic Review |
Recent improvements in next-generation sequencing of tumor samples and the ability to identify somatic mutations at low allelic fractions have opened the way for new approaches to model the evolution of individual cancers . The power and utility of these models is increased when tumor samples from multiple sites are se... | Cancer is a genetic disease , driven by DNA mutations . Each tumor is composed of millions of cells with differing genetic profiles that compete with each other for resources in a process similar to Darwinian evolution . We describe a computational framework to model tumor evolution on the cellular level , using next-g... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Methods"
] | [] | 2015 | SubClonal Hierarchy Inference from Somatic Mutations: Automatic Reconstruction of Cancer Evolutionary Trees from Multi-region Next Generation Sequencing |
Mitochondrial dysfunction has been implicated in the pathogenesis of biliary atresia ( BA ) . This study aimed to determine whether a specific mitochondrial DNA haplogroup is implicated in the pathogenesis and prognosis of BA . We determined 40 mitochondrial single nucleotide polymorphisms in 15 major mitochondrial hap... | Mitochondrial dysfunction has been implicated in the pathogenesis of biliary atresia ( BA ) . We determined 40 mitochondrial single nucleotide polymorphisms in different mitochondrial haplogroups in BA patients and controls . The prevalence of haplogroup B4 and E was significantly lower and higher respectively , in the... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"haplotypes",
"genomics",
"genetic",
"polymorphism",
"genetic",
"association",
"studies",
"genetic",
"screens",
"genetics",
"population",
"genetics",
"genetic",
"toxicology",
"biology",
"human",
"genetics",
"genetic",
"testing",
"genomic",
"medicine",
"toxicology",
"mitoc... | 2013 | Associations of Mitochondrial Haplogroups B4 and E with Biliary Atresia and Differential Susceptibility to Hydrophobic Bile Acid |
Dyskeratosis Congenita ( DC ) is a heritable multi-system disorder caused by abnormally short telomeres . Clinically diagnosed by the mucocutaneous symptoms , DC patients are at high risk for bone marrow failure , pulmonary fibrosis , and multiple types of cancers . We have recapitulated the most common DC-causing muta... | The shelterin complex protects telomeres from being processed by the DNA damage repair machinery , and also regulates telomerase access and activity at telomeres . The only shelterin subunit known to promote telomerase function is TPP1 , which mediates telomerase recruitment to telomeres and stimulates telomerase proce... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [] | 2015 | The Shelterin TIN2 Subunit Mediates Recruitment of Telomerase to Telomeres |
Although the genotype-phenotype map plays a central role both in Quantitative and Evolutionary Genetics , the formalization of a completely general and satisfactory model of genetic effects , particularly accounting for epistasis , remains a theoretical challenge . Here , we use a two-locus genetic system in simulated ... | The rediscovery of Mendel's laws of inheritance of genetic factors gave rise to the research field of Genetics at the very beginning of the last century . The idea of traits being determined by the effects of inherited genes is thus the conceptual core of Genetics . After more than one century , however , we still lack... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Methods"
] | [
"genetics",
"and",
"genomics/complex",
"traits",
"evolutionary",
"biology/animal",
"genetics",
"genetics",
"and",
"genomics/gene",
"discovery",
"evolutionary",
"biology/bioinformatics"
] | 2008 | How To Perform Meaningful Estimates of Genetic Effects |
In the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans , different small RNA-dependent gene silencing mechanisms act in the germline to initiate transgenerational gene silencing . Piwi-interacting RNAs ( piRNAs ) can initiate transposon and gene silencing by acting upstream of endogenous short interfering RNAs ( siRNAs ) , which engag... | Transgenerational epigenetic gene silencing has been shown to be important for organisms to react directly to their environment without the need to acquire genetic mutations . The inheritance of acquired traits via the gametes can prove advantageous in fast reproducing organisms . In Caenorhabditis elegans , a free-liv... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [] | 2015 | Tertiary siRNAs Mediate Paramutation in C. elegans |
In this study the ‘Malaria Box’ chemical library comprising 400 compounds with antiplasmodial activity was screened for compounds that perturb the internal pH of the malaria parasite , Plasmodium falciparum . Fifteen compounds induced an acidification of the parasite cytosol . Two of these did so by inhibiting the para... | The emergence and spread of Plasmodium falciparum strains resistant to leading antimalarial drugs has intensified the need to discover and develop drugs that kill the parasite via new mechanisms . Here we screened compounds that are known to inhibit P . falciparum growth for their effects on the pH inside the parasite ... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"blood",
"cells",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"parasite",
"groups",
"plasmodium",
"tropical",
"diseases",
"vertebrates",
"parasitic",
"diseases",
"parasitic",
"protozoans",
"animals",
"parasitology",
"xenopus",
"animal",
"models",
"apicomplexa",
"model",
"o... | 2017 | The Malaria Parasite's Lactate Transporter PfFNT Is the Target of Antiplasmodial Compounds Identified in Whole Cell Phenotypic Screens |
Meiotic recombination is a fundamental cellular process , with important consequences for evolution and genome integrity . However , we know little about how recombination rates vary across the genomes of most species and the molecular and evolutionary determinants of this variation . The honeybee , Apis mellifera , ha... | Evolution results from changes in allele frequencies in populations . The main forces that cause such changes are natural selection and random genetic drift . However , an additional process , GC-biased gene conversion ( gBGC ) , associated with meiotic recombination , affects the probability that alleles are passed fr... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Methods"
] | [] | 2015 | Extreme Recombination Frequencies Shape Genome Variation and Evolution in the Honeybee, Apis mellifera |
Rates of hospital-acquired infections , such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus ( MRSA ) , are increasingly used as quality indicators for hospital hygiene . Alternatively , these rates may vary between hospitals , because hospitals differ in admission and referral of potentially colonized patients . We ass... | The prevalence of hospital acquired infections is widely believed to reflect the quality of health care in individual hospitals , and is therefore often used as a benchmark . Intuitively , the idea is that infections spread more easily in hospitals with a poor quality of health care . This assumes that the rate at whic... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"infectious",
"diseases/bacterial",
"infections",
"infectious",
"diseases/nosocomial",
"and",
"healthcare-associated",
"infections",
"infectious",
"diseases/antimicrobials",
"and",
"drug",
"resistance",
"infectious",
"diseases/epidemiology",
"and",
"control",
"of",
"infectious",
... | 2010 | Patient Referral Patterns and the Spread of Hospital-Acquired Infections through National Health Care Networks |
The peptidoglycan of Staphylococcus aureus is characterized by a high degree of crosslinking and almost completely lacks free carboxyl groups , due to amidation of the D-glutamic acid in the stem peptide . Amidation of peptidoglycan has been proposed to play a decisive role in polymerization of cell wall building block... | The bacterial peptidoglycan is a hetero-polymer , consisting of sugars and amino acids , that forms a stress-bearing sacculus around bacterial cells and provides cell shape . The cell envelope and its components represent a central interface for interactions with the environment and are therefore subject to species-spe... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"biotechnology",
"bacteriology",
"medicine",
"biochemistry",
"infectious",
"diseases",
"bacterial",
"diseases",
"biology",
"microbiology",
"bacterial",
"pathogens"
] | 2012 | Identification and in vitro Analysis of the GatD/MurT Enzyme-Complex Catalyzing Lipid II Amidation in Staphylococcus aureus |
Dengue is a growing global concern with 390 million people infected each year . Dengue virus ( DENV ) is transmitted by mosquitoes , thus host cells in the skin are the first point of contact with the virus . Human skin contains several populations of antigen-presenting cells which could drive the immune response to DE... | Dengue virus ( DENV ) is transmitted by mosquitoes with skin as point of entry for the virus . Here , we investigated DENV infection in primary human skin cells and their initial immune response . Using skin from normal human donors for infection with DENV in vitro we identified antigen-presenting cells ( APCs ) as mai... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"interdigitating",
"cells",
"classical",
"immunology",
"langerhans",
"cells",
"dermatology",
"dendritic",
"cells",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"skin",
"infections",
"immune",
"cells",
"lymphocyte",
"activation",
"cell",
"biology",
"animal",
"cells",
"antige... | 2014 | Selective Susceptibility of Human Skin Antigen Presenting Cells to Productive Dengue Virus Infection |
The processes regulating peripheral naive T-cell numbers and clonal diversity remain poorly understood . Conceptually , homeostatic mechanisms must fall into the broad categories of neutral ( simple random birth–death models ) , competition ( regulation of cell numbers through quorum-sensing , perhaps via limiting shar... | The body maintains large populations of naive T cells , a type of white blood cell that is able to respond specifically to pathogens . This arsenal is essential for our capacity to fight novel infections throughout our lifespan , and their numbers remain quite stable despite a gradual decline in the production of new n... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Materials",
"and",
"methods",
"Results",
"Discussion"
] | [
"blood",
"cells",
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"thymectomy",
"immune",
"cells",
"cell",
"cycle",
"and",
"cell",
"division",
"immunology",
"cell",
"processes",
"homeostatic",
"mechanisms",
"surgical",
"and",
"invasive",
"medical",
"procedures",
"physiologic... | 2018 | Age is not just a number: Naive T cells increase their ability to persist in the circulation over time |
During C . elegans development , microRNAs ( miRNAs ) function as molecular switches that define temporal gene expression and cell lineage patterns in a dosage-dependent manner . It is critical , therefore , that the expression of miRNAs be tightly regulated so that target mRNA expression is properly controlled . The m... | MicroRNAs play pervasive roles in controlling gene expression throughout animal development . Given that individual microRNAs are predicted to regulate hundreds of mRNAs and that most mRNA transcripts are microRNA targets , it is essential that the expression levels of microRNAs be tightly regulated . With the goal of ... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"developmental",
"biology",
"model",
"organisms",
"cell",
"biology",
"genetics",
"biology",
"and",
"life",
"sciences",
"molecular",
"cell",
"biology",
"research",
"and",
"analysis",
"methods"
] | 2014 | LIN-42, the Caenorhabditis elegans PERIOD homolog, Negatively Regulates MicroRNA Transcription |
A comprehensive understanding of the molecular machinery important for nociception is essential to improving the treatment of pain . Here , we show that the BMP signaling pathway regulates nociception downstream of the E3 ubiquitin ligase highwire ( hiw ) . hiw loss of function in nociceptors caused antagonistic and pl... | Although pain is a universally experienced sensation that has a significant impact on human lives and society , the molecular mechanisms of pain remain poorly understood . Elucidating these mechanisms is particularly important to gaining insight into the clinical development of currently incurable chronic pain diseases... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"methods"
] | [
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"optogenetics",
"nociception",
"immunology",
"social",
"sciences",
"neuroscience",
"motor",
"neurons",
"clinical",
"medicine",
"nociceptors",
"brain",
"mapping",
"nerve",
"fibers",
"bioassays",
"and",
"physiological",
"analysis",
... | 2018 | BMP signaling downstream of the Highwire E3 ligase sensitizes nociceptors |
Molecular signaling networks are ubiquitous across life and likely evolved to allow organisms to sense and respond to environmental change in dynamic environments . Few examples exist regarding the dispensability of signaling networks , and it remains unclear whether they are an essential feature of a highly adapted bi... | When a population of organisms is faced with a selective pressure , such as a limiting nutrient , mutations that arise randomly may confer a fitness benefit on the individual carrying that mutation . If that individual reproduces before it is lost from the population , the frequency of that mutation may increase . Over... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [] | 2013 | Whole Genome, Whole Population Sequencing Reveals That Loss of Signaling Networks Is the Major Adaptive Strategy in a Constant Environment |
The International HapMap project has made publicly available extensive genotypic data on a number of lymphoblastoid cell lines ( LCLs ) . Building on this resource , many research groups have generated a large amount of phenotypic data on these cell lines to facilitate genetic studies of disease risk or drug response .... | Cell-based models provide a convenient system to conduct studies that would be impossible to apply to human subjects , but the phenotypes measured on these models can be marred with biological noise . We propose a method ( MEM ) to address this issue by statistically combining data from various sources , and we apply i... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"genomics",
"genetics",
"biology",
"computational",
"biology",
"genetics",
"and",
"genomics"
] | 2012 | Mixed Effects Modeling of Proliferation Rates in Cell-Based Models: Consequence for Pharmacogenomics and Cancer |
The APOBEC3 deoxycytidine deaminase family functions as host restriction factors that can block replication of Vif ( virus infectivity factor ) deficient HIV-1 virions to differing degrees by deaminating cytosines to uracils in single-stranded ( − ) HIV-1 DNA . Upon replication of the ( − ) DNA to ( + ) DNA , the HIV-1... | Human cells possess a family of seven DNA-modification enzymes , termed APOBEC3 , that function as part of our innate immune system . The enzymes modify cytosine in DNA which induces mutations . There are particular enzymes , APOBEC3D , APOBEC3F , APOBEC3G and APOBEC3H , that appear to be most relevant to restricting H... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"immunodeficiency",
"viruses",
"biochemistry",
"dna",
"modification",
"nucleic",
"acids",
"virology",
"enzymes",
"dna",
"biology",
"enzyme",
"kinetics",
"microbiology",
"viral",
"replication",
"viral",
"nucleic",
"acid"
] | 2014 | Different Mutagenic Potential of HIV-1 Restriction Factors APOBEC3G and APOBEC3F Is Determined by Distinct Single-Stranded DNA Scanning Mechanisms |
Mounting evidence suggests the interaction between stress and genetics contribute to the development of depressive symptoms . Currently , the molecular mechanisms mediating this process are poorly understood , hindering the development of new clinical interventions . Here , we investigate the interaction between neurop... | Depression is a medical condition that results in significant morbidity , mortality and reduced quality of life . Understanding the molecular mechanism in which stress leads to depression is essential for the discovery of new clinical interventions . Currently , despite considerable research , the mechanisms underlying... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Materials",
"and",
"Methods"
] | [
"medicine",
"and",
"health",
"sciences",
"viral",
"transmission",
"and",
"infection",
"brain",
"social",
"sciences",
"vertebrates",
"mice",
"neuroscience",
"animals",
"mammals",
"learning",
"and",
"memory",
"microbiology",
"viral",
"vectors",
"animal",
"behavior",
"co... | 2016 | Neuropsin Inactivation Has Protective Effects against Depressive-Like Behaviours and Memory Impairment Induced by Chronic Stress |
Amino acid covariation , where the identities of amino acids at different sequence positions are correlated , is a hallmark of naturally occurring proteins . This covariation can arise from multiple factors , including selective pressures for maintaining protein structure , requirements imposed by a specific function ,... | Proteins generally fold into specific three-dimensional structures to perform their cellular functions , and the presence of misfolded proteins is often deleterious for cellular and organismal fitness . For these reasons , maintenance of protein structure is thought to be one of the major fitness pressures acting on pr... | [
"Abstract",
"Introduction",
"Results",
"Discussion",
"Methods"
] | [] | 2013 | Computational Protein Design Quantifies Structural Constraints on Amino Acid Covariation |
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