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Computer_Science_easy_495 | Computer_Science | 1 | Furthermore, in addition to load bearing and crash resilience, the compliant origami also stored elastic energy that can be leveraged for self-deployment of the drone from a folded configuration. | Moreover, beyond load bearing and crash resilience, the compliant origami also held elastic energy that can be utilized for the drone’s self-deployment from a folded state. | Moreover, beyond load bearing and crash resilience, the compliant origami also held elastic energy that can be utilized for the drone’s self-deployment from a folded state. | Gemini-3.1 | 206 |
Medicine_553 | Medicine | 1 | There were few significant differences between the two control groups, suggesting that the gains associated with adaptive training are unlikely to be due to expectancy effects. | Finding: 'There were few significant differences between the two control groups, which indicates that the gains associated with adaptive training are probably not due to expectancy effects.' | 'There were few significant differences between the two control groups, which indicates that the gains associated with adaptive training are probably not due to expectancy effects.' | Gemini-3.1 | 207 |
Computer_Science_391 | Computer_Science | 1 | We also identify the differential impact of baggage fees on 'low-cost' versus 'legacy' carriers: the departure performance of the low-cost airlines became worse while it improved for the legacy carriers when charging for one checked bag. | We also determine the differential impact of baggage fees on 'low-cost' versus 'legacy' carriers: the departure performance of the low-cost airlines worsened, whereas it improved for the legacy carriers upon charging for one checked bag. | We also determine the differential impact of baggage fees on 'low-cost' versus 'legacy' carriers: the departure performance of the low-cost airlines worsened, whereas it improved for the legacy carriers upon charging for one checked bag. | Gemini-3.1 | 208 |
Psychology_easy_540 | Psychology | 1 | Nevertheless, we did observe a significant negative trend. | However, we did note a significant negative trend. | However, we did note a significant negative trend. | Gemini-3.1 | 209 |
Psychology_easy_236 | Psychology | 1 | We offer empirical evidence that demonstrates that scientists who have less positive attitudes toward the social sciences are more likely to adhere to the knowledge deficit model of science communication. | We provide empirical evidence demonstrating that scientists with less favorable attitudes toward the social sciences possess a higher propensity to adhere to the knowledge deficit model of science communication. | We provide empirical evidence demonstrating that scientists with less favorable attitudes toward the social sciences possess a higher propensity to adhere to the knowledge deficit model of science communication. | Gemini-3.1 | 210 |
Biology_298 | Biology | 1 | Colony sizes among seasons broadly overlapped despite directionally opposite patterns of infection prevalence, suggesting that larger winter colony sizes are not the primary driver of differences in transmission among seasons. | Finding: 'Colony sizes among seasons broadly overlapped despite directionally opposite patterns of infection prevalence, which implies that larger winter colony sizes are not the primary driver of differences in transmission among seasons.' | 'Colony sizes among seasons broadly overlapped despite directionally opposite patterns of infection prevalence, which implies that larger winter colony sizes are not the primary driver of differences in transmission among seasons.' | Gemini-3.1 | 211 |
Computer_Science_easy_319 | Computer_Science | 1 | In general, we find that more work can be extracted in a cyclic process, and in Section F 5 of the Supplementary Information, we derive the optimal amount of extractable work in such a case, providing an operational interpretation for the difference of Rényi entropies, and an interpretation for when this quantity is ne... | Broadly, we observe that additional work is extractable within a cyclic process, and in Section F 5 of the Supplementary Information, we calculate the optimal amount of extractable work for such scenarios, offering an operational interpretation for the difference of Rényi entropies, as well as an interpretation for ins... | Broadly, we observe that additional work is extractable within a cyclic process, and in Section F 5 of the Supplementary Information, we calculate the optimal amount of extractable work for such scenarios, offering an operational interpretation for the difference of Rényi entropies, as well as an interpretation for ins... | Gemini-3.1 | 212 |
Computer_Science_easy_261 | Computer_Science | 1 | then for all N sufficiently large there exists a catalysts with spectrum r = r N of dimension N such that | Finding: 'then for all sufficiently large N there exists a catalyst with spectrum r = r N of dimension N such that' | 'then for all sufficiently large N there exists a catalyst with spectrum r = r N of dimension N such that' | Gemini-3.1 | 213 |
Computer_Science_easy_383 | Computer_Science | 1 | However in other cases, we find that one can distill more work than would be obtainable without considering an ancillary system which is used as a catalyst. | However, in other instances, we observe that it is possible to extract a greater amount of work than could be obtained if one did not utilize an ancillary system as a catalyst. | However, in other instances, we observe that it is possible to extract a greater amount of work than could be obtained if one did not utilize an ancillary system as a catalyst. | Gemini-3.1 | 214 |
Psychology_easy_535 | Psychology | 1 | This sample consisted of 62 men and 38 women with a mean age of 21.4 years (SD = 2.28, range = 17-26 years) and a median DUP of 4 weeks (SD = 44.4, range = 1-266 weeks). | The study population comprised 62 men and 38 women, with an average age of 21.4 years (SD = 2.28, range = 17-26 years) and a median DUP of 4 weeks (SD = 44.4, range = 1-266 weeks). | The study population comprised 62 men and 38 women, with an average age of 21.4 years (SD = 2.28, range = 17-26 years) and a median DUP of 4 weeks (SD = 44.4, range = 1-266 weeks). | Gemini-3.1 | 215 |
Psychology_485 | Psychology | 1 | This study demonstrates that vacationers are happier, compared to non-vacationers, but a holiday trip does not add much to their happiness. | This study shows that vacationers are happier than non-vacationers, though a holiday trip provides little additional happiness. | This study shows that vacationers are happier than non-vacationers, though a holiday trip provides little additional happiness. | Gemini-3.1 | 216 |
Medicine_easy_498 | Medicine | 1 | Analysis of the number of neuronal progenitor cells gives an indirect indication of the possible extent of neurogenesis. | Evaluating the quantity of neuronal progenitor cells provides an indirect sign of the potential scope of neurogenesis. | Evaluating the quantity of neuronal progenitor cells provides an indirect sign of the potential scope of neurogenesis. | Gemini-3.1 | 217 |
Biology_96 | Biology | 1 | For example, central glycemia may serve as a reference for integrative elements of the brain against which peripheral glycemic input is measured to establish appropriate CRRs. | For instance, central glycemia could function as a reference for integrative elements of the brain against which peripheral glycemic input is measured to establish appropriate CRRs. | For instance, central glycemia could function as a reference for integrative elements of the brain against which peripheral glycemic input is measured to establish appropriate CRRs. | Gemini-3.1 | 218 |
Psychology_easy_258 | Psychology | 1 | Longitudinal results, however, supported the study's central hypothesis: Early adolescent pseudomature behavior predicted long-term difficulties in close relationships, as well as significant problems with alcohol and substance use, and elevated levels of criminal behavior. | However, longitudinal results corroborated the study's primary hypothesis: early adolescent pseudomature behavior forecasted long-term difficulties in close relationships, in addition to significant issues with alcohol and substance use, and increased levels of criminal behavior. | However, longitudinal results corroborated the study's primary hypothesis: early adolescent pseudomature behavior forecasted long-term difficulties in close relationships, in addition to significant issues with alcohol and substance use, and increased levels of criminal behavior. | Gemini-3.1 | 219 |
Computer_Science_easy_328 | Computer_Science | 1 | HGWs consistently provided improvements when compared to HGSs, but the use of a phonemic LM and Viterbi decoding typically provided improvements only for the PER and confusion accuracy metrics and not for the posteriogram accuracy metric. | HGWs uniformly yielded improvements over HGSs; however, employing a phonemic LM and Viterbi decoding generally resulted in gains solely for the PER and confusion accuracy metrics, rather than the posteriogram accuracy metric. | HGWs uniformly yielded improvements over HGSs; however, employing a phonemic LM and Viterbi decoding generally resulted in gains solely for the PER and confusion accuracy metrics, rather than the posteriogram accuracy metric. | Gemini-3.1 | 220 |
Biology_377 | Biology | 1 | These human studies confirmed animal data suggesting that alterations in gut microbial composition are associated with obesity. | These human studies confirmed animal data indicating that changes in gut microbial composition are linked to obesity. | These human studies confirmed animal data indicating that changes in gut microbial composition are linked to obesity. | Gemini-3.1 | 221 |
Computer_Science_easy_218 | Computer_Science | 1 | In general, stakeholders indicated that privacy considerations did not present significant barriers to the proposed decision aid framework, partly due to an understood distinction between tumor genomics versus an individual patient's germline genetic information. | In general, stakeholders reported that privacy concerns did not constitute major obstacles to the proposed decision aid framework, in part because they recognized the distinction between tumor genomics and an individual patient's germline genetic information. | In general, stakeholders reported that privacy concerns did not constitute major obstacles to the proposed decision aid framework, in part because they recognized the distinction between tumor genomics and an individual patient's germline genetic information. | Gemini-3.1 | 222 |
Medicine_easy_531 | Medicine | 1 | the period(s) of hypothalamic neurocircuit development most strongly perturbed by maternal HFD feeding to impair energy and glucose homeostasis in the offspring. | The timeframe(s) of hypothalamic neurocircuit formation most significantly disrupted by maternal HFD consumption, resulting in impaired energy and glucose homeostasis in the offspring. | The timeframe(s) of hypothalamic neurocircuit formation most significantly disrupted by maternal HFD consumption, resulting in impaired energy and glucose homeostasis in the offspring. | Gemini-3.1 | 223 |
Biology_tweet_132 | Biology | 1 | These Ago2-mediated molecular events may solve the paradox of protein biosynthesis in the obese liver, demonstrate a new mechanism in the regulation of basal metabolic activity, and provide a novel therapeutic target for metabolic diseases. | These Ago2-mediated molecular events could resolve the paradox of protein biosynthesis in the obese liver, demonstrate a new mechanism in the regulation of basal metabolic activity, and provide a novel therapeutic target for metabolic diseases. | These Ago2-mediated molecular events could resolve the paradox of protein biosynthesis in the obese liver, demonstrate a new mechanism in the regulation of basal metabolic activity, and provide a novel therapeutic target for metabolic diseases. | Gemini-3.1 | 224 |
Biology_easy_335 | Biology | 1 | In addition to the singleton outlier RTKs ( Figure S6C ), we found two cases of BRAF fusions (KIAA1549-BRAF and HIPK2-BRAF) generated as a result of a CDK12-FTD ( Figures S6D and S6E ). | Beyond the singleton outlier RTKs (Figure S6C), we identified two instances of BRAF fusions (KIAA1549-BRAF and HIPK2-BRAF) created by a CDK12-FTD (Figures S6D and S6E). | Beyond the singleton outlier RTKs (Figure S6C), we identified two instances of BRAF fusions (KIAA1549-BRAF and HIPK2-BRAF) created by a CDK12-FTD (Figures S6D and S6E). | Gemini-3.1 | 225 |
Medicine_310 | Medicine | 1 | Significantly, the clock genes Per1 and Per2 also contain conserved CREs, which mediate their light induction . | Notably, the clock genes Per1 and Per2 also possess conserved CREs, which facilitate their light induction. | Notably, the clock genes Per1 and Per2 also possess conserved CREs, which facilitate their light induction. | Gemini-3.1 | 226 |
Medicine_easy_163 | Medicine | 1 | The weak-coupling region of the spectra reveals at least one more 1 H coupling from the aromatic side chain; however, we could not confidently determine its hyperfine constant, owing to interference from weakly coupled, nonexchangeable 1 H atoms of the protein matrix. | The weak-coupling region of the spectra shows at least one additional 1 H coupling from the aromatic side chain; nevertheless, we were unable to definitively determine its hyperfine constant, due to interference from weakly coupled, nonexchangeable 1 H atoms of the protein matrix. | The weak-coupling region of the spectra shows at least one additional 1 H coupling from the aromatic side chain; nevertheless, we were unable to definitively determine its hyperfine constant, due to interference from weakly coupled, nonexchangeable 1 H atoms of the protein matrix. | Gemini-3.1 | 227 |
Biology_easy_297 | Biology | 1 | A transcriptomics study of valvular cells experiencing variable stiffness also identified similar results where some ECM proteins, including fibrillin 1, are upregulated and some are downregulated with VIC activation. | A transcriptomics study of valvular cells subjected to varying stiffness also revealed comparable findings, in which certain ECM proteins, such as fibrillin 1, are upregulated while others are downregulated alongside VIC activation. | A transcriptomics study of valvular cells subjected to varying stiffness also revealed comparable findings, in which certain ECM proteins, such as fibrillin 1, are upregulated while others are downregulated alongside VIC activation. | Gemini-3.1 | 228 |
Medicine_easy_298 | Medicine | 1 | An additional 13 trials were identified, with data received for a total of 20,827 patients from 39 trials. | Thirteen further trials were located, with data provided for 20,827 patients across 39 trials. | Thirteen further trials were located, with data provided for 20,827 patients across 39 trials. | Gemini-3.1 | 229 |
Medicine_tweet_205 | Medicine | 1 | This review does not address potential health effects of differences in contaminant content (such as herbicide, pesticide, and fungicide residues) of organically and conventionally produced foodstuffs or of potential wider environmental or occupational health effects of different agricultural practices. | This review fails to address the possible health consequences of variations in contaminant levels (including herbicide, pesticide, and fungicide residues) between organically and conventionally grown foods, or the prospective broader environmental or occupational health impacts of differing agricultural methods. | This review fails to address the possible health consequences of variations in contaminant levels (including herbicide, pesticide, and fungicide residues) between organically and conventionally grown foods, or the prospective broader environmental or occupational health impacts of differing agricultural methods. | Gemini-3.1 | 230 |
Medicine_easy_105 | Medicine | 1 | In principle, analysis of ctDNA has the advantage of identifying alterations that are specific to the tumor. | Theoretically, analyzing ctDNA offers the benefit of detecting tumor-specific alterations. | Theoretically, analyzing ctDNA offers the benefit of detecting tumor-specific alterations. | Gemini-3.1 | 231 |
Biology_271 | Biology | 1 | Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) across the MSigDB revealed significantly perturbed curated gene sets ( Figure S4H ). | Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) of the MSigDB identified significantly perturbed curated gene sets (Figure S4H). | Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) of the MSigDB identified significantly perturbed curated gene sets (Figure S4H). | Gemini-3.1 | 232 |
Medicine_easy_188 | Medicine | 1 | 16 Once complications occur and urgent hospitalization and/or cholecystectomy is necessary, the morbidity and mortality are significantly increased. | Once complications arise and emergency hospitalization and/or cholecystectomy become necessary, morbidity and mortality rates increase significantly. | Once complications arise and emergency hospitalization and/or cholecystectomy become necessary, morbidity and mortality rates increase significantly. | Gemini-3.1 | 233 |
Biology_easy_588 | Biology | 1 | ) both identified a significant association to the same region on CFA12. | Both identified a notable association with the same region on CFA12. | Both identified a notable association with the same region on CFA12. | Gemini-3.1 | 234 |
Psychology_32 | Psychology | 1 | However, JROTC training likely leads to a separate set of benefits outside the auditory domain. | However, JROTC training probably results in a distinct set of benefits outside the auditory domain. | However, JROTC training probably results in a distinct set of benefits outside the auditory domain. | Gemini-3.1 | 235 |
Biology_easy_250 | Biology | 1 | We confirmed increased protein in DM BMEC-CM by Western blot (Fig. | We verified an elevation of protein in DM BMEC-CM via Western blot (Fig. | We verified an elevation of protein in DM BMEC-CM via Western blot (Fig. | Gemini-3.1 | 236 |
Computer_Science_easy_65 | Computer_Science | 1 | Fitts' Law predicts that movement speed depends on movement amplitude and target size 39 , and these were always the same in our experiments. | Fitts' Law posits that movement speed is a function of movement amplitude and target size 39, and these remained constant throughout our experiments. | Fitts' Law posits that movement speed is a function of movement amplitude and target size 39, and these remained constant throughout our experiments. | Gemini-3.1 | 237 |
Psychology_easy_116 | Psychology | 1 | This would appear to indicate a lower limit of 1 Hz below which entrainment is not likely without training. | This seems to point to a 1 Hz lower threshold, beneath which entrainment is improbable absent training. | This seems to point to a 1 Hz lower threshold, beneath which entrainment is improbable absent training. | Gemini-3.1 | 238 |
Medicine_easy_87 | Medicine | 1 | This condition provided no feedback about the movement of Barbie's body. | This condition offered zero feedback regarding the movement of Barbie's body. | This condition offered zero feedback regarding the movement of Barbie's body. | Gemini-3.1 | 239 |
Biology_526 | Biology | 1 | On 15 of these occasions this behavior occurred in the general latrine area and on six occasions in an identified latrine tree. | On 15 of these instances, this behavior took place in the general latrine area, and on six occasions, it happened in a specific latrine tree. | On 15 of these instances, this behavior took place in the general latrine area, and on six occasions, it happened in a specific latrine tree. | Gemini-3.1 | 240 |
Psychology_easy_106 | Psychology | 1 | The results of this second group of studies indicate that goals without KR are not sufficient to improve performance (2 = 4), but given goals, KR is sufficient to effect performance improvement (1 > 2). | The results of this second group of studies show that goals without KR are insufficient to improve performance (2 = 4), whereas with given goals, KR suffices to effect performance improvement (1 > 2). | The results of this second group of studies show that goals without KR are insufficient to improve performance (2 = 4), whereas with given goals, KR suffices to effect performance improvement (1 > 2). | Gemini-3.1 | 241 |
Computer_Science_148 | Computer_Science | 1 | When the other airlines began charging for the first two checked bags, however, Southwest's decision appears to be in line with their strategy. | However, when other airlines started charging for the first two checked bags, Southwest's decision seems consistent with their strategy. | However, when other airlines started charging for the first two checked bags, Southwest's decision seems consistent with their strategy. | Gemini-3.1 | 242 |
Medicine_tweet_84 | Medicine | 1 | Vascular risk maintained a strong association with cognitive decline beyond that of commonly used imaging biomarkers, including β-amyloid, hippocampal volume, fludeoxyglucose F18-labeled positron emission tomography, and white matter hyperintensities. | Vascular risk remained strongly associated with cognitive decline independently of commonly utilized imaging biomarkers, such as β-amyloid, hippocampal volume, fludeoxyglucose F18-labeled positron emission tomography, and white matter hyperintensities. | Vascular risk remained strongly associated with cognitive decline independently of commonly utilized imaging biomarkers, such as β-amyloid, hippocampal volume, fludeoxyglucose F18-labeled positron emission tomography, and white matter hyperintensities. | Gemini-3.1 | 243 |
Psychology_easy_121 | Psychology | 1 | Given that parents provide a salient model for how adolescents and young adults behave in intimate relationships, corporal punishment may set the groundwork that physical force is an acceptable means of resolving Highest parental education was created based on either one of participant parents' highest education. | Since parents serve as a prominent model for how adolescents and young adults conduct themselves in intimate relationships, corporal punishment could establish the foundation that physical force is an acceptable method of conflict resolution; the highest parental education was determined by the maximum level of educati... | Since parents serve as a prominent model for how adolescents and young adults conduct themselves in intimate relationships, corporal punishment could establish the foundation that physical force is an acceptable method of conflict resolution; the highest parental education was determined by the maximum level of educati... | Gemini-3.1 | 244 |
Biology_278 | Biology | 1 | A1431 had very extensive breadth and potency not only towards all historical strains available but also towards prospective GII.4 strains that appeared after the vaccine trial, including GII.4 2012 and 2015, neither of which had circulated in the general population at the time of sample collection ( Figure 2B ). | A1431 demonstrated very extensive breadth and potency not only towards all historical strains available but also towards prospective GII.4 strains that emerged after the vaccine trial, including GII.4 2012 and 2015, neither of which had circulated in the general population when the samples were collected ( Figure 2B ). | A1431 demonstrated very extensive breadth and potency not only towards all historical strains available but also towards prospective GII.4 strains that emerged after the vaccine trial, including GII.4 2012 and 2015, neither of which had circulated in the general population when the samples were collected ( Figure 2B ). | Gemini-3.1 | 245 |
Biology_easy_596 | Biology | 1 | The ultrahigh C/A of the Si/MXene electrodes can be attributed to the advanced electrode architecture; (1) the viscous nature of the MXene aqueous ink enables the formation of thick composite electrodes (thus high M Acitve /A) using a simple/scalable manufacturing process; (2) the high aspect ratio and metallic conduct... | The ultrahigh C/A of the Si/MXene electrodes is ascribable to the advanced electrode architecture: (1) the viscous nature of the MXene aqueous ink allows for the formation of thick composite electrodes (and thus high M Active /A) via a simple and scalable manufacturing process; (2) the high aspect ratio and metallic co... | The ultrahigh C/A of the Si/MXene electrodes is ascribable to the advanced electrode architecture: (1) the viscous nature of the MXene aqueous ink allows for the formation of thick composite electrodes (and thus high M Active /A) via a simple and scalable manufacturing process; (2) the high aspect ratio and metallic co... | Gemini-3.1 | 246 |
Computer_Science_easy_605 | Computer_Science | 1 | It can be observed that in fact PDF curves depart from what is expected but we can not claim that this is the explanation (or the only one) but may give a clue to understand from where this turbulent effect comes from. | It is noticeable that PDF curves actually deviate from expectations; while we cannot assert this is the explanation—or the sole one—it could provide a clue for understanding the origin of this turbulent effect. | It is noticeable that PDF curves actually deviate from expectations; while we cannot assert this is the explanation—or the sole one—it could provide a clue for understanding the origin of this turbulent effect. | Gemini-3.1 | 247 |
Medicine_281 | Medicine | 1 | Of these pathways, the 12 members that were under the strongest negative selection (d N /d S < 0.5) were specifically enriched in glucose transport and metabolism ("facilitative Na + -independent glucose transporters" and "glucose metabolism;" both Q < 0.05). | Among these pathways, the 12 members subject to the most intense negative selection (dN/dS < 0.5) showed specific enrichment in glucose transport and metabolism ("facilitative Na+-independent glucose transporters" and "glucose metabolism"; both Q < 0.05). | Among these pathways, the 12 members subject to the most intense negative selection (dN/dS < 0.5) showed specific enrichment in glucose transport and metabolism ("facilitative Na+-independent glucose transporters" and "glucose metabolism"; both Q < 0.05). | Gemini-3.1 | 248 |
Psychology_easy_587 | Psychology | 1 | Results from these simulations indicated that only activation clusters thresholded at α≤0.001 with a volume greater than 496 μl would have global significance at p≤0.05 for the cortical data smoothed with an 8 mm filter. | The simulation results showed that only activation clusters thresholded at α≤0.001 with a volume exceeding 496 μl would reach global significance at p≤0.05 for the cortical data smoothed with an 8 mm filter. | The simulation results showed that only activation clusters thresholded at α≤0.001 with a volume exceeding 496 μl would reach global significance at p≤0.05 for the cortical data smoothed with an 8 mm filter. | Gemini-3.1 | 249 |
Computer_Science_easy_595 | Computer_Science | 1 | When a set of curves are parameterized special cases of a more general function, the generic function can be identified and estimated by "rescaling" the individual curves so that they collapse onto each other . | When a set of curves are parameterized as special cases of a more general function, the generic function can be identified and estimated by "rescaling" the individual curves so that they collapse onto one another. | When a set of curves are parameterized as special cases of a more general function, the generic function can be identified and estimated by "rescaling" the individual curves so that they collapse onto one another. | Gemini-3.1 | 250 |
Medicine_60 | Medicine | 1 | By integrating multi-step genomics analyses with novel mouse models, we found that IMs are critical drivers of LUSC metastasis. | By combining multi-step genomics analyses with novel mouse models, we discovered that IMs are essential drivers of LUSC metastasis. | By combining multi-step genomics analyses with novel mouse models, we discovered that IMs are essential drivers of LUSC metastasis. | Gemini-3.1 | 251 |
Psychology_478 | Psychology | 1 | 8 Specifically, it suggests that from 1920 to the mid-1990s, there was little discussion of the notion of 'antisocial behaviour'. | Specifically, it indicates that between 1920 and the mid-1990s, the concept of 'antisocial behaviour' was rarely discussed. | Specifically, it indicates that between 1920 and the mid-1990s, the concept of 'antisocial behaviour' was rarely discussed. | Gemini-3.1 | 252 |
Psychology_519 | Psychology | 1 | Other limitations include the use of reliance of information obtained from maternal interview using the CAMEEI and the relatively high SES background of participants in this study that may contrast with the SES of participants in other studies who may have experienced more severe forms of abuse and adversity. | Additional limitations involve the reliance on information gathered through maternal interviews using the CAMEEI, as well as the relatively high SES background of participants, which could contrast with the SES of individuals in other studies who might have experienced more severe forms of abuse and adversity. | Additional limitations involve the reliance on information gathered through maternal interviews using the CAMEEI, as well as the relatively high SES background of participants, which could contrast with the SES of individuals in other studies who might have experienced more severe forms of abuse and adversity. | Gemini-3.1 | 253 |
Medicine_157 | Medicine | 1 | Thus, microbiota at the time of infection may influence subsequent rhinovirus viral load. | Consequently, the microbiota present at the time of infection could influence the subsequent rhinovirus viral load. | Consequently, the microbiota present at the time of infection could influence the subsequent rhinovirus viral load. | Gemini-3.1 | 254 |
Biology_easy_370 | Biology | 1 | Conversely, non-secretor milk had lower relative amounts of non-fucosylated neutral structures than secretor milk, with 21.3% ± 8.8% and 25.4% ± 7.3%, respectively (p = 0.023). | In contrast, non-secretor milk contained smaller relative proportions of non-fucosylated neutral structures compared to secretor milk, at 21.3% ± 8.8% and 25.4% ± 7.3%, respectively (p = 0.023). | In contrast, non-secretor milk contained smaller relative proportions of non-fucosylated neutral structures compared to secretor milk, at 21.3% ± 8.8% and 25.4% ± 7.3%, respectively (p = 0.023). | Gemini-3.1 | 255 |
Computer_Science_easy_154 | Computer_Science | 1 | Further, beta band phenomena are strongly affected by normal voluntary movement , which may complicate their use as signatures of motor impairment. | Additionally, beta band phenomena are heavily influenced by typical voluntary movement, which could complicate their utility as markers of motor impairment. | Additionally, beta band phenomena are heavily influenced by typical voluntary movement, which could complicate their utility as markers of motor impairment. | Gemini-3.1 | 256 |
Computer_Science_easy_587 | Computer_Science | 1 | In general, no particular technique can be regarded as a "bestin-class" solution, but it is useful to be aware of and consider all available options. | Broadly speaking, no specific technique is considered a "best-in-class" solution, though it is beneficial to recognize and evaluate all available options. | Broadly speaking, no specific technique is considered a "best-in-class" solution, though it is beneficial to recognize and evaluate all available options. | Gemini-3.1 | 257 |
Computer_Science_easy_134 | Computer_Science | 1 | We considered five alternative explanations for the difference in learnability. | We evaluated five different explanations for the variation in learnability. | We evaluated five different explanations for the variation in learnability. | Gemini-3.1 | 258 |
Psychology_easy_341 | Psychology | 1 | Our findings suggest that inappropriate compensatory behaviors occur at disconcertingly high levels among women and men. | Our results indicate that inappropriate compensatory behaviors occur at alarmingly high levels among women and men. | Our results indicate that inappropriate compensatory behaviors occur at alarmingly high levels among women and men. | Gemini-3.1 | 259 |
Psychology_291 | Psychology | 1 | The results, which are similar in Britain and Germany, suggest that having up to two children increases happiness, and mostly for those who have postponed childbearing. | The findings, which are comparable in Britain and Germany, indicate that having up to two children increases happiness, particularly for those who have delayed childbearing. | The findings, which are comparable in Britain and Germany, indicate that having up to two children increases happiness, particularly for those who have delayed childbearing. | Gemini-3.1 | 260 |
Biology_easy_520 | Biology | 1 | S5D , orange and blue curves); however, when the pushing speed was increased, the resistance could not recover its initial value because of the formation of residual deformation ( fig. | Finding: 'S5D, orange and blue curves); however, upon increasing the pushing speed, the resistance failed to return to its initial value due to the formation of residual deformation (fig.' | 'S5D, orange and blue curves); however, upon increasing the pushing speed, the resistance failed to return to its initial value due to the formation of residual deformation (fig.' | Gemini-3.1 | 261 |
Medicine_tweet_297 | Medicine | 1 | Demographic, clinical, socioeconomic, belief-related, and clinician differences contributed to observed differences and represent potential targets for intervention. | Variations in demographic, clinical, socioeconomic, belief-related, and clinician factors accounted for observed differences and constitute possible targets for intervention. | Variations in demographic, clinical, socioeconomic, belief-related, and clinician factors accounted for observed differences and constitute possible targets for intervention. | Gemini-3.1 | 262 |
Psychology_422 | Psychology | 1 | Third, our findings were correlational, so they do not provide evidence for the direction of effects among the constructs under investigation. | Third, because our findings were correlational, they fail to offer evidence regarding the direction of effects among the constructs under investigation. | Third, because our findings were correlational, they fail to offer evidence regarding the direction of effects among the constructs under investigation. | Gemini-3.1 | 263 |
Biology_215 | Biology | 1 | Indeed, statistical significance does not necessitate a subjective state that humans can distinguish on a personal level . | In fact, statistical significance does not require a subjective state distinguishable by humans on a personal level. | In fact, statistical significance does not require a subjective state distinguishable by humans on a personal level. | Gemini-3.1 | 264 |
Computer_Science_199 | Computer_Science | 1 | In Switzerland, for example, we find that the ability to speak French (i.e., among French-speaking African refugees) results in a larger payoff for refugees assigned to Frenchspeaking cantons than for those assigned to German-speaking cantons ( fig. | For instance, in Switzerland, we observe that French-speaking ability (among refugees from French-speaking Africa) yields greater returns for those placed in French-speaking cantons compared to those placed in German-speaking ones (fig. | For instance, in Switzerland, we observe that French-speaking ability (among refugees from French-speaking Africa) yields greater returns for those placed in French-speaking cantons compared to those placed in German-speaking ones (fig. | Gemini-3.1 | 265 |
Biology_tweet_275 | Biology | 1 | The other aperture (referred to as the decline-the-test response) led to the omission of the duration test. | The alternative aperture (termed the decline-the-test response) resulted in the omission of the duration test. | The alternative aperture (termed the decline-the-test response) resulted in the omission of the duration test. | Gemini-3.1 | 266 |
Computer_Science_355 | Computer_Science | 1 | This would allow the better investigation of genetic basis of WUE, which may be controlled by different genetic factors at different stages of plant development, and upscale WUE of individual plants in the greenhouse to plant communities in the field. | This would enable a superior investigation into the genetic basis of WUE, which could be controlled by distinct genetic factors at varying stages of plant development, and upscale WUE from individual greenhouse plants to field-grown communities. | This would enable a superior investigation into the genetic basis of WUE, which could be controlled by distinct genetic factors at varying stages of plant development, and upscale WUE from individual greenhouse plants to field-grown communities. | Gemini-3.1 | 267 |
Biology_210 | Biology | 1 | Although basal SMN levels are below normal, due to the mouse genotype, SMN is further reduced in a tissue-specific manner, by ASO treatment, which is distinct from the situation in SMA patients. | While basal SMN levels are subnormal owing to the mouse genotype, SMN undergoes further tissue-specific reduction via ASO treatment, a condition differing from that observed in SMA patients. | While basal SMN levels are subnormal owing to the mouse genotype, SMN undergoes further tissue-specific reduction via ASO treatment, a condition differing from that observed in SMA patients. | Gemini-3.1 | 268 |
Computer_Science_tweet_281 | Computer_Science | 1 | In the long run the system always reaches an equilibrium state where all spreaders have turned into stiflers, ∂ t i(t) = 0, and ∂ t r(t) = 0. | Ultimately, the system consistently arrives at an equilibrium state in which all spreaders have become stiflers, with ∂ t i(t) = 0 and ∂ t r(t) = 0. | Ultimately, the system consistently arrives at an equilibrium state in which all spreaders have become stiflers, with ∂ t i(t) = 0 and ∂ t r(t) = 0. | Gemini-3.1 | 269 |
Medicine_easy_257 | Medicine | 1 | The small number of participants meant that observed power was very low in many of the analyses. | The limited participant count resulted in very low observed power across numerous analyses. | The limited participant count resulted in very low observed power across numerous analyses. | Gemini-3.1 | 270 |
Psychology_easy_305 | Psychology | 1 | The extent to which these findings can be used on a translational platform to understand the pathophysiology of stress-related psychiatric conditions in humans has yet to be determined, but the convergence of the preclinical and clinical findings detailed here strongly suggests that this should be a field of focused re... | Whether these findings can be applied to a translational platform to understand the pathophysiology of stress-related psychiatric conditions in humans remains to be determined; however, the convergence of the preclinical and clinical data detailed here strongly indicates that this area warrants focused research in the ... | Whether these findings can be applied to a translational platform to understand the pathophysiology of stress-related psychiatric conditions in humans remains to be determined; however, the convergence of the preclinical and clinical data detailed here strongly indicates that this area warrants focused research in the ... | Gemini-3.1 | 271 |
Psychology_511 | Psychology | 1 | suggests that it is critically important that children learn to recite the list of number words in order before making the CP-transition. | The findings indicate that it is of critical importance for children to learn to recite the list of number words in sequence prior to making the CP-transition. | The findings indicate that it is of critical importance for children to learn to recite the list of number words in sequence prior to making the CP-transition. | Gemini-3.1 | 272 |
Computer_Science_402 | Computer_Science | 1 | Moreover, the bias blind spot does not appear to be a facet of general decision-making ability or an accurate perception of the extent to which one is biased. | Furthermore, the bias blind spot does not seem to be a component of general decision-making ability or an accurate perception of the degree to which one is biased. | Furthermore, the bias blind spot does not seem to be a component of general decision-making ability or an accurate perception of the degree to which one is biased. | Gemini-3.1 | 273 |
Computer_Science_tweet_207 | Computer_Science | 1 | Legumes cooked sous vide don't need to be pre-soaked, because they can absorb the same amount of water in 50 minutes at 90 | Legumes cooked sous vide require no pre-soaking, as they are capable of absorbing an equivalent amount of water in 50 minutes at 90°. | Legumes cooked sous vide require no pre-soaking, as they are capable of absorbing an equivalent amount of water in 50 minutes at 90°. | Gemini-3.1 | 274 |
Psychology_535 | Psychology | 1 | these results suggest that greater belonging and self-efficacy may serve as underlying psychological processes that explain why female peer mentors, who are slightly more advanced in college, would promote engineering career aspirations among women who are new to engineering. | These findings indicate that greater belonging and self-efficacy potentially function as underlying psychological processes explaining why female peer mentors, who are somewhat further along in college, foster engineering career aspirations among women new to the field. | These findings indicate that greater belonging and self-efficacy potentially function as underlying psychological processes explaining why female peer mentors, who are somewhat further along in college, foster engineering career aspirations among women new to the field. | Gemini-3.1 | 275 |
Biology_536 | Biology | 1 | Secondary replicons in DL31, H. lacusprofundi and DL1 had consistently lower codon adaptation (CAI) and codon bias (CBI) indexes than the primary replicons. | The codon adaptation (CAI) and codon bias (CBI) indexes of secondary replicons in DL31, H. lacusprofundi, and DL1 were consistently lower compared to the primary replicons. | The codon adaptation (CAI) and codon bias (CBI) indexes of secondary replicons in DL31, H. lacusprofundi, and DL1 were consistently lower compared to the primary replicons. | Gemini-3.1 | 276 |
Biology_280 | Biology | 1 | Cumulative distribution plots showed a significant right shift of X-linked gene expression (red) relative to autosomal profiles (black) in Smchd1 À/À cells ( Figure 1D ). | Cumulative distribution plots revealed a significant right shift of X-linked gene expression (red) compared to autosomal profiles (black) in Smchd1 À/À cells ( Figure 1D ). | Cumulative distribution plots revealed a significant right shift of X-linked gene expression (red) compared to autosomal profiles (black) in Smchd1 À/À cells ( Figure 1D ). | Gemini-3.1 | 277 |
Computer_Science_tweet_93 | Computer_Science | 1 | In the early stages of training (first 10000 transitions -green bars), the swimmer does not show a strong preference for maintaining any particular separation distance. | During the initial phases of training (the first 10,000 transitions—green bars), the swimmer exhibits no clear inclination toward keeping any specific separation distance. | During the initial phases of training (the first 10,000 transitions—green bars), the swimmer exhibits no clear inclination toward keeping any specific separation distance. | Gemini-3.1 | 278 |
Medicine_470 | Medicine | 1 | The experiments revealed two important findings. | The experiments uncovered two significant results. | The experiments uncovered two significant results. | Gemini-3.1 | 279 |
Computer_Science_458 | Computer_Science | 1 | Note that, although for large networks such high computational cost makes this solution often unfeasible, for criminal networks constituted (most often) by hundreds or at most thousands of nodes, this algorithm works well. | Observe that, while high computational costs frequently render this solution impractical for large networks, this algorithm performs effectively for criminal networks composed (usually) of hundreds or at most thousands of nodes. | Observe that, while high computational costs frequently render this solution impractical for large networks, this algorithm performs effectively for criminal networks composed (usually) of hundreds or at most thousands of nodes. | Gemini-3.1 | 280 |
Medicine_114 | Medicine | 1 | The majority of CDK12 mutations (83%) were truncating and resulted in the loss of the kinase domain. | Most CDK12 mutations (83%) were truncating, leading to the loss of the kinase domain. | Most CDK12 mutations (83%) were truncating, leading to the loss of the kinase domain. | Gemini-3.1 | 281 |
Biology_349 | Biology | 1 | The incidence of prostate intraepithelial neoplasia (HG-PIN) and adenocarcinoma markedly increased from 13% in oil-fed controls to 33-36% in grafts exposed in vivo to BPA (P<0.05). | The occurrence of prostate intraepithelial neoplasia (HG-PIN) and adenocarcinoma rose significantly from 13% in oil-fed controls to 33-36% in grafts exposed in vivo to BPA (P<0.05). | The occurrence of prostate intraepithelial neoplasia (HG-PIN) and adenocarcinoma rose significantly from 13% in oil-fed controls to 33-36% in grafts exposed in vivo to BPA (P<0.05). | Gemini-3.1 | 282 |
Psychology_easy_86 | Psychology | 1 | We thus have research-based and humanrights-based reasons for not spanking our children. | Therefore, there are research-supported and human rights-based grounds to avoid spanking our children. | Therefore, there are research-supported and human rights-based grounds to avoid spanking our children. | Gemini-3.1 | 283 |
Psychology_easy_219 | Psychology | 1 | Both types of preferences provide useful information for marketers , but revealed preferences are generally more reliable in predicting future behavior . | Both types of preferences offer valuable information for marketers, yet revealed preferences are typically more dependable for forecasting future behavior. | Both types of preferences offer valuable information for marketers, yet revealed preferences are typically more dependable for forecasting future behavior. | Gemini-3.1 | 284 |
Medicine_easy_586 | Medicine | 1 | The present study produced an alpha of .79. . | The current research yielded an alpha of .79. | The current research yielded an alpha of .79. | Gemini-3.1 | 285 |
Medicine_easy_218 | Medicine | 1 | When provided with a choice between a food or a token that could be exchanged for more preferred food, all four species inhibited their impulsive reactions and selected the token significantly more often than chance, thus maximising their payoff. | When given a choice between a food item or a token exchangeable for a more preferred food, all four species suppressed their impulsive reactions and chose the token significantly more often than chance, thereby maximizing their payoff. | When given a choice between a food item or a token exchangeable for a more preferred food, all four species suppressed their impulsive reactions and chose the token significantly more often than chance, thereby maximizing their payoff. | Gemini-3.1 | 286 |
Medicine_328 | Medicine | 1 | In the no aspirin group, the proportion of patients who started to take daily low-dose aspirin increased each year from 1.5% in year 1 to 9.8% in year 5. | Within the no aspirin group, the percentage of patients who began daily low-dose aspirin intake rose annually from 1.5% in year 1 to 9.8% in year 5. | Within the no aspirin group, the percentage of patients who began daily low-dose aspirin intake rose annually from 1.5% in year 1 to 9.8% in year 5. | Gemini-3.1 | 287 |
Psychology_easy_270 | Psychology | 1 | Friedman test revealed a significant difference between the edibility ratings (χ 2 [7, n = 43] = 168.80, P < 0.001). | The Friedman test indicated a significant difference among the edibility ratings (χ 2 [7, n = 43] = 168.80, P < 0.001). | The Friedman test indicated a significant difference among the edibility ratings (χ 2 [7, n = 43] = 168.80, P < 0.001). | Gemini-3.1 | 288 |
Biology_606 | Biology | 1 | If crows exhibit a danger response, we expect higher rates of alarm calling and recruitment coupled with lower rates of contact in contrast to heterospecifics. | Finding: 'Should crows display a danger response, we anticipate increased frequencies of alarm calling and recruitment alongside decreased rates of contact compared to heterospecifics.' | 'Should crows display a danger response, we anticipate increased frequencies of alarm calling and recruitment alongside decreased rates of contact compared to heterospecifics.' | Gemini-3.1 | 289 |
Biology_22 | Biology | 1 | In this study, our results showed that targeting of NaKtide specifically to adipocytes was still able to reverse WD-induced changes in metabolic profile, oxidative stress, and inflammation. | In this study, our findings demonstrated that the specific targeting of NaKtide to adipocytes remained capable of reversing WD-induced alterations in metabolic profile, oxidative stress, and inflammation. | In this study, our findings demonstrated that the specific targeting of NaKtide to adipocytes remained capable of reversing WD-induced alterations in metabolic profile, oxidative stress, and inflammation. | Gemini-3.1 | 290 |
Psychology_558 | Psychology | 1 | The connection between close friendship strength and relative increases in self-worth, in particular, extends to adolescence prior findings by , in which younger children undergoing negative events experienced less of a decrease in self-worth when their best friend was present. | The link between close friendship intensity and relative gains in self-worth specifically expands upon previous research on adolescents, which showed that younger children facing negative situations saw a smaller drop in self-worth when a best friend was nearby. | The link between close friendship intensity and relative gains in self-worth specifically expands upon previous research on adolescents, which showed that younger children facing negative situations saw a smaller drop in self-worth when a best friend was nearby. | Gemini-3.1 | 291 |
Computer_Science_easy_468 | Computer_Science | 1 | It remains to show that the right-hand side of (14) is at most , which would follow if for every (u, v) ∈ E 2 , | It remains to demonstrate that the right-hand side of (14) is at most , which is a consequence of the condition that for every (u, v) ∈ E 2 , | It remains to demonstrate that the right-hand side of (14) is at most , which is a consequence of the condition that for every (u, v) ∈ E 2 , | Gemini-3.1 | 292 |
Medicine_easy_121 | Medicine | 1 | These results confirmed the in vivo BLI signal data that the VDR KD tumors were substantially larger than control and VDR Rescue tumors. | These results corroborated the in vivo BLI signal data showing that VDR KD tumors were substantially larger than control and VDR Rescue tumors. | These results corroborated the in vivo BLI signal data showing that VDR KD tumors were substantially larger than control and VDR Rescue tumors. | Gemini-3.1 | 293 |
Biology_429 | Biology | 1 | Eight animals were injected with nonviable mycoplasma, and none developed lymphoma up to 28 wk of age (see also Materials and Methods). | Eight animals received injections of nonviable mycoplasma, and no cases of lymphoma developed by 28 weeks of age (see also Materials and Methods). | Eight animals received injections of nonviable mycoplasma, and no cases of lymphoma developed by 28 weeks of age (see also Materials and Methods). | Gemini-3.1 | 294 |
Biology_easy_108 | Biology | 1 | Next, by screening the networks encompassing the highest number of genes regulated in the dataset ( Supplementary Table IV ), we found that LEP is modulated together with other 18 genes in a network of 29 genes, whose function is associated with cell death/apoptosis and cell-to-cell signalling/interaction ( Supplementa... | Subsequently, by screening the networks containing the greatest number of genes regulated in the dataset (Supplementary Table IV), we discovered that LEP is modulated alongside 18 other genes within a 29-gene network, the function of which is linked to cell death/apoptosis and cell-to-cell signaling/interaction (Supple... | Subsequently, by screening the networks containing the greatest number of genes regulated in the dataset (Supplementary Table IV), we discovered that LEP is modulated alongside 18 other genes within a 29-gene network, the function of which is linked to cell death/apoptosis and cell-to-cell signaling/interaction (Supple... | Gemini-3.1 | 295 |
Medicine_easy_207 | Medicine | 1 | Signatures of mixed geogenic/microbial origin should therefore lie on an end member mixing trajectory as depicted in Fig. | Signatures of mixed geogenic/microbial origin ought, therefore, to fall along an end member mixing trajectory as shown in Fig. | Signatures of mixed geogenic/microbial origin ought, therefore, to fall along an end member mixing trajectory as shown in Fig. | Gemini-3.1 | 296 |
Computer_Science_26 | Computer_Science | 1 | This suggests that having a character in the game made it more engaging and memorable for children. | This indicates that the presence of a game character rendered it more engaging and memorable for children. | This indicates that the presence of a game character rendered it more engaging and memorable for children. | Gemini-3.1 | 297 |
Computer_Science_easy_514 | Computer_Science | 1 | The fact that s ≃ 1 for most f indicates that the network is deflated by nodes breaking off one by one, the increasing error level leading to the isolation of single nodes only, not clusters of nodes. | The fact that s ≃ 1 for most f points to the network being deflated by nodes breaking off individually, with the rising error level resulting in the isolation of single nodes rather than clusters. | The fact that s ≃ 1 for most f points to the network being deflated by nodes breaking off individually, with the rising error level resulting in the isolation of single nodes rather than clusters. | Gemini-3.1 | 298 |
Computer_Science_easy_34 | Computer_Science | 1 | Despite the likely establishment of new Polynesian languages from relatively small colonizing populations, we do not find that a founder model describes our data better than one of gradual loss of words. | Although new Polynesian languages were probably established by small colonizing groups, our data are not better explained by a founder model than by one of gradual word loss. | Although new Polynesian languages were probably established by small colonizing groups, our data are not better explained by a founder model than by one of gradual word loss. | Gemini-3.1 | 299 |
Medicine_easy_599 | Medicine | 1 | The genes predicted to encode structural proteins are located between genes g41 and g49. | The genes anticipated to encode structural proteins are positioned between genes g41 and g49. | The genes anticipated to encode structural proteins are positioned between genes g41 and g49. | Gemini-3.1 | 300 |
Medicine_182 | Medicine | 1 | Focusing on efforts to improve delivery systems for Latinos will likely reduce disparities in patients' experiences and the quality of primary care received. | Concentrating on initiatives to enhance delivery systems for Latinos is expected to reduce disparities in patients' experiences and the quality of primary care received. | Concentrating on initiatives to enhance delivery systems for Latinos is expected to reduce disparities in patients' experiences and the quality of primary care received. | Gemini-3.1 | 301 |
Medicine_305 | Medicine | 1 | In cilia, the activated SMO receptor induces the modification of GLI transcription factors into the active form, thereby inhibiting the processing of GLI transcription factors into a repressor form. | Within cilia, the activated SMO receptor triggers the conversion of GLI transcription factors into their active state, which prevents the processing of these factors into a repressor form. | Within cilia, the activated SMO receptor triggers the conversion of GLI transcription factors into their active state, which prevents the processing of these factors into a repressor form. | Gemini-3.1 | 302 |
Computer_Science_easy_91 | Computer_Science | 1 | A similar approach, formalized in the language of information theory , can make it possible to describe the topological structure of the agent's surface and certain properties of its interaction with the environment . | A comparable method, structured via information theory, allows for the description of the agent's surface topology and specific characteristics of its environmental interaction. | A comparable method, structured via information theory, allows for the description of the agent's surface topology and specific characteristics of its environmental interaction. | Gemini-3.1 | 303 |
Medicine_181 | Medicine | 1 | However, the stronger association between instant noodle consumption $2 times/wk and metabolic syndrome among women after excluding participants taking blood pressure-lowering and lipid-lowering medications or who had a history of diabetes mellitus might indicate the robustness of that association. | However, the stronger association between instant noodle consumption ≥2 times/wk and metabolic syndrome among women after excluding participants taking blood pressure-lowering and lipid-lowering medications or who had a history of diabetes mellitus could point to the robustness of that association. | However, the stronger association between instant noodle consumption ≥2 times/wk and metabolic syndrome among women after excluding participants taking blood pressure-lowering and lipid-lowering medications or who had a history of diabetes mellitus could point to the robustness of that association. | Gemini-3.1 | 304 |
Computer_Science_easy_54 | Computer_Science | 1 | Roughly 71% of the professionals said they would not make a call or take a call during a meeting. | Approximately 71% of professionals indicated they would refrain from making or answering calls throughout a meeting. | Approximately 71% of professionals indicated they would refrain from making or answering calls throughout a meeting. | Gemini-3.1 | 305 |
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