Split (1)

train · 1.04k rows

text stringlengths 37 1.44k
<s>[INST] <word> fine-lined geometric bronze mirror [/INST] 다뉴세문경 </s>
<s>[INST] <word> duck-shaped pottery [/INST] 압형토기 </s>
<s>[INST] <word> outer rampart [/INST] 외성 </s>
<s>[INST] <word> table type dolmen [/INST] 탁자식고인돌 </s>
<s>[INST] <sentence> The second hypothesis assumes the exploitation of a large number of procurement locations. [/INST] 두번째 가설은 매우 많은 수의 식료획득장소를 이용하였다는 것이다. </s>
<s>[INST] <sentence> It is clear that these vessels were used as ritual paraphernalia during religious activities. Pedestal vessels became more widespread in some of the Bronze Age societies in northeast China. [/INST] 이러한 두형토기는 음식의 봉헌, 진설 등 종교 및 매장 의례 활동과 밀접한 관련을 가진 것으로 생각되며 청동기시대가 되면 중국 동북지방의 주요 지역에서 대부분 제작 사용된다. </s>
<s>[INST] <sentence> 1) The northeastern suburb group includes Godeokdong of Seoul, Minrakdong of Uijeongbu, Deokso, Hopyeongdong, and Jisaewul of Namyangju. [/INST] 1) 서울 동북 외곽 지역은 서울 시내의 고덕동, 의정부 민락동, 남양주 덕소, 호평동, 지새울 유적이 해당한다. </s>
<s>[INST] <word> flat iron axe [/INST] 판상철부 </s>
<s>[INST] <sentence> Additionally, an increase in tomb construction could be observed in the lower reaches of the Haan River region and in the Asan Bay region, areas where tomb construction was hardly seen during Establishment Period Phase 1. This is thought to be the result of the Yeoksam-dong culture’s acceptance of the mounded tomb tradition from the West Sea coastal region. [/INST] 또한 성립 1기에 분구묘 전통이 거의 보이지 않던 한강 하류권과 아산만권 일대에 분구묘가 활발하게 축조되는데, 이는 역삼동문화 집단이 서해안 일대의 분구묘 전통을 수용한 결과로 추정된다. </s>
<s>[INST] <word> seasonal settlement [/INST] 계절성주거 </s>
<s>[INST] <word> glass bead [/INST] 유리옥 </s>
<s>[INST] <sentence> BSR has been often conjoined with theoretical frameworks such as diet-breath model based on optimal foraging theory and environmental niche construction to explain prehistoric subsistence pattern. [/INST] 이는 선사시대의 수렵채집민들이 이전에는 자원으로 활용하지 않았던 소형의 동물이나 어류, 가금류, 식물들을 그들의 식재료에 추가하여 식단의 스펙트럼이 넓어지는 현상을 가리킨다. </s>
<s>[INST] <word> bronze axe [/INST] 동부 </s>
<s>[INST] <word> seriation [/INST] 순서배열법 </s>
<s>[INST] <word> dragon kiln [/INST] 등요 </s>
<s>[INST] <word> blade spine [/INST] 등날 </s>
<s>[INST] <word> pouch-shaped jar [/INST] 주머니호 </s>
<s>[INST] <word> stone chamber tomb with corridor [/INST] 횡혈식석실묘 </s>
<s>[INST] <word> embedded pillar [/INST] 굴립주 </s>
<s>[INST] <word> flint stone [/INST] 발화석 </s>
<s>[INST] <sentence> However, it should be realized that inappropriate observations and analyses in establishing the relationship between storage and surplus and crude theoretical consideration found in most studies are likely to interrupt proper understanding. [/INST] 그러나 저장과 잉여의 관계를 설정하는 과정 곳곳에 매우 부적절한 관찰과 분석, 미숙한 이론적 전제가 자리하고 있어 온전한 이해를 도모하기에는 부족하다. </s>
<s>[INST] <word> iron spearhead [/INST] 철모 </s>
<s>[INST] <sentence> This is expected when the distribution of critical resources is spatially homogeneous. [/INST] 이러한 생계경제방식은 주요한 식료자원이 공간상에 균질적으로 분포할 때 채택될 것으로 예상된다. </s>
<s>[INST] <sentence> This paper critically reviews the Incipient Mumun Hypothesis and associated chronology of the Early Mumun Period, reconsidering archaeological aspects of the periods. [/INST] 본고에서는 조기설정론과 이에 기반한 전기 무문토기시대 편년안의 형성과정과 고고학적 양상에 대해 비판적으로 재검토한다. </s>
<s>[INST] <word> bronze chisel [/INST] 동착 </s>
<s>[INST] <word> earring [/INST] 이식 </s>
<s>[INST] <sentence> The agency-based individual task management is well-demonstrated by the knapping experiment of a handaxe and is meaningfully projected onto the final lithic form. [/INST] 그리고 통제된 실험을 통해 주먹도끼를 모의 제작함으로써 제작자 개인의 작업 관리 역량의 역할이 최종 형태의 변이에 어떤 방식으로 작용하는지 관찰하였다. </s>
<s>[INST] <sentence> It has been fruitful to incorporate osteological, pathological and biomolecular analyses into reconstructing patterns of diet and disease of Korean prehistory. [/INST] 한국 선사시대 식이와 질환의 복원작업에도 유해에 대한 뼈대학, 병리학, 분자생물학 등의 분석 결과가 유입되면서 나름의 성과를 내고 있다. </s>
<s>[INST] <word> house-shaped pottery [/INST] 가형토기 </s>
<s>[INST] <word> necklace [/INST] 경식 </s>
<s>[INST] <word> tumulus [/INST] 고총 </s>
<s>[INST] <sentence> Since the aim of this analysis is to propose equations which can easily be applied in practice, we adopt an inclusive classificatory scheme that is currently and broadly in use, rather than devising a new and complicated scheme. [/INST] 본고의 목적이 실전에서 간단하게 활용할 수식을 제공하는 것인 만큼, 기종의 분류는 복잡한 것을 새로이 제시하기보다는 현행의 안 중 포괄적인 것을 수용한다. </s>
<s>[INST] <word> tang point [/INST] 슴베찌르개 </s>
<s>[INST] <sentence> Continuous variables of vessels were measured and quantitatively analyzed in order to detect attributes that could maximize contemporaneity among vessels found in a burial, and these attributes were used to monitor temporal sequence of burials in each area. [/INST] 본고에서는 토기에서 추출된 연속형 변수를 통계적으로 처리하여, 동일 구역 또는 분묘 내에서 최대한 시간적 동질성을 확보할 수 있는 변수를 추출하고, 이를 통해 단위유적 내 토기형태의 시간적 변화상을 추적하였다. </s>
<s>[INST] <sentence> Thus, in order to relevantly understand the political development during this period, it would be necessary to deem that the end of the Songgukri culture was later than current chronology determines. [/INST] 따라서, 송국 리유형의 하한을 끌어내리는 것이 이 시기의 정치적 발전과정을 이해하는 데에 필요하다. </s>
<s>[INST] <sentence> However, from the latter part of Phase II, Type Ia Bungumyo gradually transitioned to Type Ib. In Phase III, Types IIa and IIb Bungumyo became widely adopted, and Geupsukbungumyo, associated with multiple burials, also emerged. [/INST] 그러나 II단계 후반부터 Ia형의 분구묘는 Ib형으로 변화하고, III단계 이후로는 IIa형과 IIb형의 분구묘가 본격적으로 유행하기 시작한다. 다장 전통의 즙석분구묘 또한 III단계부터 출현한다. </s>
<s>[INST] <sentence> It has been considered as not only the basis for understanding overall household patterns but also challengeable theme, itself. [/INST] 그 규모의 추산은 가구양상 전반을 이해하는 초석이다. </s>
<s>[INST] <sentence> It focuses on, among numerous issues relevant to megalithic monuments, several ones, such as the control of social energy consumed for constructing megalithic monuments, socioeconomic roles of megalithic monuments, construction of megalithic monuments in relation to past understanding, symbolizing, transforming and appropriating landscapes, and the relationship between social actors participating in constructing megalithic monuments. [/INST] 사회적 역량투여의 통제, (사회)경제적 역할, 경관고고학적 이해, 축조에 관련된 사회적 주체에 대한 이해 등의 측면에서, 거석기념물로서 지석묘가 가지는 사회ㆍ정치ㆍ경제적 함의를 되짚어보는 작업은 그러한 시도의 중요한 부분을 이룬다. </s>
<s>[INST] <word> cutting on rotating wheel [/INST] 회전깎기 </s>
<s>[INST] <word> mural painting tomb [/INST] 벽화고분 </s>
<s>[INST] <sentence> The pig bones from several sites dated to the Early Iron and Proto Three Kingdoms periods, such as Nuk-do, Nakmin-dong, Heohyun-ri, Gochon-ri, Cheonjeon-ri·Yulmun-ri,Songjeong-dong, and Gangmun-dong, are identified as domesticated ones, based on the multidimensional approach using biometry, kill-off pattern, dental pathology, stable isotopic data and genetic markers. [/INST] 그 결과, 사천 늑도(泗川勒島), 동래 낙민동(東萊樂民洞), 김해 회현동(金海會峴洞), 부산 고촌리(釜山古村里) 유적 등 영남지역 초기철기~원삼국시대 유적에 사육종 돼지가 존재할 가능성이 있음을 밝혔으며, </s>
<s>[INST] <word> mounded tomb [/INST] 분구묘 </s>
<s>[INST] <sentence> The differences seem to have been partly attributed to given natural environment where the chiefly societies settled. [/INST] 이러한 차이는 상당 부분 각각이 처한 자연환경적 변이에 기인하고 있음을 부정할 수는 없다. </s>
<s>[INST] <word> stone arrowhead [/INST] 석촉 </s>
<s>[INST] <word> lacqureware [/INST] 칠기 </s>
<s>[INST] <sentence> In addition, the degree to which elite individuals would have been able to wield power in past societies is questioned, as is the simplistic correlation between the scale of that power and the quantity and quality of burial goods placed with the deceased. [/INST] 또한 기존 연구가 전제하고 있는 두 가지 가설, 즉 상위의 계층에 속한 개인이 해당 사회에서 권력을 소유하고 있을 것이라는 점과 그 권력의 소유 여부는 위세품의 부장 여부에 따라 확인할 수 있다는 점 또한 다시 한번 논의될 필요가 있다. </s>
<s>[INST] <sentence> This paper aims to assess the establishment of the iron production culture of Europe during the Iron Age from a comparative perspective. [/INST] 본고는 유럽 철 생산체제의 성립과정의 지역적 다양성을 살펴보고자 하는 취지로 작성되었다. </s>
<s>[INST] <word> buddhist dortour [/INST] 승방 </s>
<s>[INST] <sentence> the development of a new surplus appropriation system coincided at an archaeological time scale with the appearance of Songgukri style houses and the occupation of the Songgukri settlement. [/INST] 지역에 따른 이러한 차이에도 불구하고, 적어도 호서와 호남에 있어서의 새로운 잉여전용체계의 수립은 송국리식 원형주거지의 발생 및 송국리유적의 점유와 시간적으로 깊은 관계가 있다. </s>
<s>[INST] <word> jar with with mouth [/INST] 광구호 </s>
<s>[INST] <sentence> Among these topics, the most significant discussion concerns their origin and establishment. [/INST] 이 중에서 가장 핵심적인 논쟁은 분구묘의 기원과 성립시점이라 할 수 있다. </s>
<s>[INST] <word> underwater archaeology [/INST] 수중고고학 </s>
<s>[INST] <word> iron pick [/INST] 철사 </s>
<s>[INST] <word> bracket system [/INST] 공포 </s>
<s>[INST] <word> dolmen [/INST] 지석묘 </s>
<s>[INST] <sentence> The excavation of the first Paleolithic site at Seokjang-ri in South Korea provided archaeologists tangible material evidence for the first time. [/INST] 석장리 유적 발굴은 구석기고고학의 성장을 압축해서 보여주면서도 오늘날 연구자에게 많은 과제를 던져주기도 한다. </s>
<s>[INST] <sentence> I suggest bottom-up approach to these changes, emphasizing the necessity of micro-perspective for more thorough understanding on process and mechanism of the changes. [/INST] 본고는 그러한 변화를 보다 심층적이고 역동적으로 이해하기 위해서는 미시적인 관점의 보완이 필요함을 역설하면서, 家口의 관점에서 이 문제에 접근해 보고자한다. </s>
<s>[INST] <sentence> For the purpose of overcoming the logical and positive limitations shown in current explanation, this paper suggests an alternative model relating its own analytical results and critical reviews of advanced theoretical approaches to the relationship between changes in storage patterns and surplus’s roles in sociopolitical development. [/INST] 본고는 가내저장양상에 대한 분석결과를 선진학계의 이론적 성취에 대한 비판적 이해와 연결하면서 그러한 논리·실증적 한계를 극복하고 청동기시대 전?중전이기의 역동성을 담보하는 대안적 설명을 시도한다. </s>
<s>[INST] <sentence> It is almost impossible to differentiate between C3 crop species using only isotopic values. [/INST] 그 결과, 몇몇 주요 작물을 종별로 분간할 수 없는 방법론상의 한계와, 현재까지 축적된 분석례가 시대적, 지역적으로 편중된 문제에도 불구하고, 다음과 같은 의미 있는 결과를 도출할 수 있었다. </s>
<s>[INST] <word> Wiman Joseon [/INST] 위만조선 </s>
<s>[INST] <word> crossbeam [/INST] 도리 </s>
<s>[INST] <sentence> This article intends to establish a more refined Korean lithic typological scheme by addressing the conceptual issues and nature of archaeological types; and defines its role as a medium of communication among researchers. [/INST] 본고는 보다 개선된 형식분류안을 마련하고자 하는 의도로, 형식의 개념과 본질에 대한 입장을 정리하고 연구자 간 의사소통을 위한 도구로서의 형식 개념을 제시하였다. </s>
<s>[INST] <sentence> The Clark-Kleindienst scheme, widely accepted for the description of lithic assemblages from the Imjin-Hantan River area of Korea, is scrutinized and its major problems are articulated as: [/INST] 기존에 임진-한탄강 유역 구석기의 형식분류안으로 널리 채택되던 클라크-클라인디엔스트안의 개념적 한계 및 그 적용 과정에서의 문제점들을 지적하고, </s>
<s>[INST] <sentence> The archaeological explanatory model tried here includes understanding on the Early Bronze Age dwelling patternsespecially, of Yeoksamdong-and Heunamri-types- in relation to the concept of household developmental cycle. [/INST] 여기서 고고학적 설명모형은 청동기시대 전기, 특히 驛三洞및 欣岩里類型취락의 주거양상을 가족구성 및 가구발달주기와 관련지어 이해하는 작업을 위해 도입된 것이다. </s>
<s>[INST] <sentence> For the leaders, constructing dolmens, as traditional means of ideological manipulation to gain arable lands, could have been viewed as an important path to succeed in the competition. The construction of dolmens rapidly spread into the area rarely occupied in precedent period. [/INST] 농경지 확보를 전제한 이념조작의 전통적 기제로서 지석묘는 이를 전후한 시기에 집중적으로 축조되며, 공간적으로도 급속하게 확산된다. </s>
<s>[INST] <sentence> In order to overcome current limitation and enhance applicability in actual use, we attempt at experiments of several kinds to estimate number of residents according to the dwelling area. [/INST] 그러한 점을 염두에 두면서, 본고는 주거지의 평면 형태와 면적에기초하여 거주자의 수를 추정하는 작업의 실전효용성을 높이기 위해몇 가지 실험적 시도를 수행한다. </s>
<s>[INST] <word> dolmen with burial precinct [/INST] 묘역식지석묘 </s>
<s>[INST] <word> cast iron axe [/INST] 주조철부 </s>
<s>[INST] <sentence> Hominids in the mHRA might have undergone techno-cultural adaptation under stressful environmental conditions approaching MIS 2. [/INST] 한강 유역에 거주하던 고인류는 환경적인 스트레스가 증가하는 MIS 2기에 접어들면서 자체적인 기술적, 문화적 적응 과정을 거치게 된다. </s>
<s>[INST] <word> buckle [/INST] 교구 </s>
<s>[INST] <sentence> It summarizes the discovery, looting, and excavation of the site and reviews the subsequent researches on its archaeological data and the discussion of the ethnic identity of those buried in the cemetery. [/INST] 2022년 정식 보고서가 출간되면서 그 구체적 양상을 파악할 수 있게 되었는데, 이를 계기로 이 글에서는 시차거우 묘지의 발견과 조사 및 연구 현황을 먼저 살펴보았다. </s>
<s>[INST] <word> horn-shaped handle [/INST] 우각형파수 </s>
<s>[INST] <word> fan-shaped bronze axe [/INST] 선형동부 </s>
<s>[INST] <word> brazier-shaped pottery [/INST] 노형토기 </s>
<s>[INST] <word> black glaze jar with chicken head decoration [/INST] 흑유계수호 </s>
<s>[INST] <sentence> Vertical cleavage from the division by gender and production resources, however, is rather dynamic compared to horizontal cleavage. [/INST] 다만 성별 간, 생산자원의 성격에 따른 분화, 즉 종적 분절의 양상은 상대적으로 더 역동적이기도 하다. </s>
<s>[INST] <sentence> Finally, based on the results of analysis and archaeological context, the study deduced gender and social organizational changes in Sangun-ri society, based at Wanju County, South Korea, which boasts high burial tomb density and completeness, and explored its characteristics and meanings. [/INST] 마지막으로 이러한 분석결과와 고고학적 맥락을 토대로 분구묘의 밀집도와 완성도가 높은 완주 상운리사회의 성과 사회조직의 변화를 추론하고, 그 특징과 의미를 제시하고자 하였다. </s>
<s>[INST] <word> site [/INST] 유적 </s>
<s>[INST] <sentence> Adopting the climatological reconstruction, I explore how influential climatic factors were on shifts in subsistence strategy. [/INST] 본고는 그러한 (古)기후궤적 복원결과를 적극적으로 수용하여 선사시대 편년체계와 비교하면서 한반도 선사시대 생계전략 변화와 기후변동 간 관계의 일면을 탐색해본다. </s>
<s>[INST] <sentence> Therefore, the origin and formation of the early and ancient state ought to be approached by contextual and thoughtful interpretations of inner and outer factors with a full consideration of the potentials of archaeological data, rather than teleological research perspectives or methodologies influenced by non-academic demand. [/INST] 이를 통해 우리의 물질자료를 어떻게 이용할 수 있는지에 대한 좀 더 심화된 이해를 가질 수 있을 것으로 생각한다. </s>
<s>[INST] <word> fire cloud [/INST] 흑반 </s>
<s>[INST] <word> plate armour [/INST] 판갑 </s>
<s>[INST] <sentence> However, contrary to the hypothesis mentioned above, the analysis of distributional patterns of wet-rice soils and flood plains, and the development of small streams suitable for wet-rice cultivation during the Bronze Age, reveal that the hierarchical pattern of Songgukri-type settlements at the regional-level is not compatible with intercommunity variability of wet-rice production. [/INST] 그러나 수도작에 적합한 ‘논토양’의 분포와 법람원하천망의 발달양상을 분석한 결과, 지역적 차원에서 송국리형 취락체계의 위계성이 일목요연하게 높은 수도 생산성 지향하여 형성되었다거나 당시의 수도작이 협업적 노동조직을 절실히 필요했을 가능성은 낮은 것으로 판단된다. </s>
<s>[INST] <sentence> This method provides information about whether individuals derived the protein in their diet from plant or animal sources. [/INST] 유적에서 출토된 인골자료는 적어도 10-15년의 장기간의 식생활을 기록하고 있기 때문에 다른 어떤 자료보다도 신석기 시대 생업 활동의 좋은 지표이며 동시에 신석기 사람들이 살았던 당시의 식량 조달하는 전략을 파악하는데 매우 유익한 자료이다. </s>
<s>[INST] <sentence> Considering this development of the attached-rim pottery culture, the establishment of the historical entity that is ‘Han’(韓) or Mahan can be attributed to Stage II; the center of Stage II society was presumably Hwangbangsan, which was advantageously located in terms of both water transportation and mixed economy. [/INST] 점토대토기문화의 이러한 전개양상으로 볼 때, 역사상의 ‘韓’ 또는 마한의 성립은 II기 사회로 볼 수 있으며, 그 중심은 수운교통과 혼합경제의 이점을 지닌 황방산 일대였을 것으로 추정된다. </s>
<s>[INST] <sentence> This attempt includes determining chronological affiliation and coordinates of individual burials and generating occupational surfaces of the entire cemetery. [/INST] 이런 시도에는 개별 분묘에 대한 단계 비정 및 좌표 설정, 고분군 전체에 대한 점유표면분석 등의 작업이 포함된다. </s>
<s>[INST] <sentence> Various conditions bring about the variability of lithic artifacts. [/INST] 구석기 고고학에서 유물군의 형태적 변이를 가져오는 요인은 다양하다. </s>
<s>[INST] <word> bronze halberd [/INST] 동과 </s>
<s>[INST] <sentence> This general overview of late Pleistocene chronostratigraphy provides a basis on which we can examine the cultural change during the late Paleolithic. [/INST] 이로써 최근 증가하고 있는 20,000-25,000년 전 사이의 방사성탄소연대값 등 관련 자료들을 더 적극적으로 해석할 수 있게 된다. </s>
<s>[INST] <sentence> Conversely, various authors have studied the validity of morpho-typological similarities, with those from the west of ML. [/INST] 최근 수치적, 통계적 유사함이 논의되어 오고 있고 최소한 부분적인 유사성을 부정할 수는 없다. </s>
<s>[INST] <word> disk-shaped bronze implement [/INST] 원개형동기 </s>
<s>[INST] <word> blacksmith [/INST] 단야구 </s>
<s>[INST] <word> awl [/INST] 뚜르개 </s>
<s>[INST] <sentence> Nevertheless, accumulating research experience and using written records, the archaeologists have explained the formation of prehistoric and ancient Korean states with their own logic. [/INST] 구미 이론의 적극적인 수용이 없었음에도 불구하고, 축적된 연구경험과 문헌사학의 성과를 바탕으로 한국고고학은 나름의 논리로 초기ㆍ고대국가의 형성과정을 설명해왔다. </s>
<s>[INST] <word> shooting tower [/INST] 노대 </s>
<s>[INST] <word> forged iron axe [/INST] 단조철부 </s>
<s>[INST] <sentence> With this expectation, this paper attempts at detecting clusters of burials representing the social segments at the site. [/INST] 이런 기대 속에 본고는 당시 사회적 분절을 반영했을 고분군 내 군집을 파악하고자 한다. </s>
<s>[INST] <word> bronze tool [/INST] 청동기 </s>
<s>[INST] <word> three-age system [/INST] 삼시대법 </s>
<s>[INST] <word> Banliang Chinese coin [/INST] 반량전 </s>

Subsets and Splits

No community queries yet

The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.