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A-RES-78-69-fr-parsed
176. Encourages further dialogue and cooperation among States and relevant regional and global organizations, through workshops and seminars on the protection, laying and maintenance of submarine cables and pipelines, with a view to ensuring the safety of such critical infrastructure;
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177. Calls upon States to adopt the laws and regulations necessary for the criminalization of the deliberate or negligent break-up or deterioration of an underwater cable or pipeline on the high seas, as well as any conduct likely to result in the disruption or deterioration of, or intentionally purporting to cause, su...
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179. Reaffirms that flag States, port States and coastal States are all responsible for the effective implementation and enforcement of international instruments guaranteeing maritime safety and security in accordance with international law, in particular the Convention, and that flag States have a primary responsibili...
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180. Urges flag States that do not have a functional maritime administration or an appropriate legal framework to create and, where appropriate, strengthen the technical, legislative and law enforcement capacity necessary for the effective implementation, implementation and enforcement of their obligations under intern...
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181. Notes the ongoing work of the International Maritime Organization on measures to prevent fraudulent ship registration and the establishment of fraudulent registry systems, including the encouragement of its member States and all parties concerned to promote actions to prevent and combat fraudulent ship registratio...
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182. Recognizes that the rules and standards on international maritime transport adopted by the International Maritime Organization in the field of maritime safety, efficiency of navigation and the prevention and control of marine pollution, together with the best practices of maritime carriers,
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183. Notes that, since January 2016, audits under the Audit Programme of the Member States of the International Maritime Organization have become binding under nine mandatory instruments of the International Maritime Organization, and that these audits are conducted in accordance with the framework document and procedu...
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184. Calls upon States and relevant international organizations and bodies to ensure the effective implementation of the provisions of the International Code of Rules for Ships Operating in Polar Waters ( Polar Navigation Code), adopted by the International Maritime Organization in accordance with the International Con...
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185. Takes note of the ongoing work of the International Maritime Organization in the area of passenger ship safety, and encourages States and relevant international organizations and bodies to continue to support activities, including technical cooperation, aimed at enhancing the safety of passenger ships;
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186. Also takes note of the ongoing work of the International Maritime Organization on autonomous surface vessels, including the development of a non-binding instrument with targets for autonomous surface vessels; 97
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187. Recognizes that maritime security can also be improved through effective port State control, strengthened regional mechanisms, enhanced coordination and cooperation among port States, increased transparency and increased exchange of information through the widespread use of information systems, such as the Integra...
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188. Invites flag States to take the necessary measures to obtain or maintain the approval of intergovernmental mechanisms responsible for monitoring their compliance with their obligations and to verify, as appropriate, that port State controls are carried out on a regular basis in order to improve the quality of mari...
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189. Notes with appreciation the important efforts of the International Maritime Signs and Signals Association to improve and harmonize maritime signs and signals with a view to reducing maritime accidents, improving the safety of life and property at sea and improving the protection of the marine environment, and reca...
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191. Calls upon States to implement the 2030 Agenda, including Goal 14, the conservation and sustainable use of oceans, seas and marine resources for sustainable development, and recalls that the goals and targets are integrated and interrelated;
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192. Notes the need for sustainable fisheries and aquaculture for adequate, healthy and nutritious food, recognizing the central role of healthy oceans in resilient food systems and the implementation of the 2030 Agenda;
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194. Recalls the commitment of States in the document "The future we want" to protect and regenerate the health, productivity and resilience of oceans and marine ecosystems, to maintain their biodiversity by ensuring their conservation and sustainable use for present and future generations, and to effectively apply an ...
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195. Reaffirms paragraph 119 of its resolution 61/222 of 20 December 2006 on ecosystem approaches and oceans, including the proposed elements of such an approach, ways and conditions for its implementation and, in this regard:
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(a) Notes that the continued deterioration of the environment in many parts of the world and the increasing number of competing demands call for urgent response and priority setting in management interventions aimed at preserving ecosystem integrity; (b) Also notes that ecosystem approaches to ocean management should f...
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196. Encourages relevant bodies and bodies that have not yet done so to adopt an ecosystem approach within their mandates, as appropriate, in order to address impacts on marine ecosystems;
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197. Notes that, in paragraph 6 of resolution 2/10 of 27 May 2016, adopted at its second session, the United Nations Environment Assembly requested the United Nations Environment Programme to intensify its work, inter alia, through its Regional Seas Programme, in order to assist countries and regions in implementing an...
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198. Encourages States that have not yet done so to become parties to the regional seas conventions and protocols governing the protection and preservation of the marine environment, while noting the role of the Regional Seas Programme of the United Nations Environment Programme;
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199. Encourages States to consider continuing, where appropriate, directly or through relevant international organizations and in accordance with international law, including the Convention, the development and implementation of environmental impact assessment processes for planned activities under their jurisdiction o...
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200. Notes with concern the impact of climate change on the ocean and the cryosphere, including extreme sea-level fluctuations and sea-level rise, to which low-lying islands, in particular small island developing States, coastlines and coastal populations are particularly exposed;
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201. Takes note with concern of the conclusions of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change in its successive reports, and recalls, in this regard, inter alia, its special report on oceans and the cryosphere in the context of climate change, the text of which was approved by the Panel at its fifty-first session, o...
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202. Recognizes the importance of a better understanding of the effects of climate change on the seas and oceans, and recalls that, in the document "The future we want", States noted that sea-level rise and coastal erosion pose significant threats to many coastal and island regions, including developing countries, and ...
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203. Takes note of the conclusions contained in the reports of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, including its special report on global warming of 1.5 degrees Celsius, that small islands, low-lying coastal areas and deltas will be more exposed to the risks associated with sea-level rise and extreme sea-lev...
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204. Takes note of the ongoing work of the Open-ended Study Group of the International Law Commission on the topic "Elevation of the sea level under international law" 103 , and encourages States to submit to the Commission their views on the various aspects of the topic;
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205. Recalls its resolution 77/276 of 29 March 2023, in which it decided to request the International Court of Justice to give an advisory opinion on the obligations of States with regard to climate change;
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206. Welcomes the adoption of the Paris Agreement 104 and its early entry into force on 4 November 2016, calls upon all Parties to the Agreement to implement it fully, urges Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change 105 that have not yet done so to file as soon as possible
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Notes in this regard that, at the twenty-seventh session of the Conference of the Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, it was decided that, starting in 2023, the ocean and climate change dialogues would be moderated by two co-facilitators selected by the Parties every two years, whose r...
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211. Recognizes the importance of a better understanding of the effects of acidification on the seas and oceans, and recalls that, in the document "The future we want", States recommended supporting initiatives to combat the phenomenon of ocean acidification and the impacts of climate change on marine and coastal resou...
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213. Takes note of the work of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, notes with concern its findings on ocean acidification, its major risks to marine ecosystems, including polar ecosystems, coral reefs, plankton and other organisms with limestone or shell exoskeletals, such as crustaceans, and the adverse imp...
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214. Encourages States, acting separately or in collaboration with relevant international organizations and bodies, to develop their scientific activities to better understand the effects of climate change on the marine environment and its biological diversity, to support continued efforts to coordinate scientific work...
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215. Recognizes that the blue carbon sinks of some coastal ecosystems, such as mangroves, coastal marshes and marine grasses, play a crucial role in adapting to and mitigating the effects of climate change through carbon sequestration, and are instrumental in enhancing the resilience of coastal ecosystems to ocean acid...
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216. Recalls that, in the document "The future we want", States noted with concern that the health of the oceans and marine biodiversity are being compromised by marine pollution, inter alia, due to the presence of mainly plastic wastes, persistent organic pollutants, heavy metals and nitrogen compounds released from v...
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218. Notes that the UNEP Frontiers 2016 report of the United Nations Environment Programme identifies microplastics as one of the six major emerging environmental issues, also notes that the Sixth Global Environment Outlook report highlights the urgent need to address pollution of the oceans by plastics and that the ad...
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Also welcomes the decision of the United Nations Environment Assembly, in paragraph 1 of its resolution 5/14, to convene an intergovernmental negotiating committee to elaborate an international legally binding instrument on plastic pollution, including in the marine environment, with a view to completing its work by th...
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222. Calls upon States to further develop their partnerships with indigenous peoples, local communities, including coastal communities, professional communities and civil society to enhance understanding of the extent of the impacts of marine litter on the biological diversity, health and productivity of the marine env...
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224. Notes the activities of organizations at the regional level to develop and implement regional action plans and other joint programmes for the prevention and recovery of marine litter, and in this regard also takes note of the revised Regional Action Plan on Marine Waste adopted in October 2021 at the Ministerial M...
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225. Also takes note of the work of the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation Association in sharing best practices, identifying innovative ways to finance waste management and promoting public-private partnerships to prevent and reduce pollution from marine litter, including the development in January 2023 of a marine deb...
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227. Welcomes the work of the members of the Group of 20 under the Osaka Blue Ocean Vision initiative to eliminate additional pollution of the seas by plastic waste by 2050, and urges other members of the international community to share this vision;
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228. Takes note of the publication by UNCTAD of the 2023 edition of the Trade and Environment Study entitled Building a Sustainable and Resilient Ocean Economy beyond 2030 116 and the 2022 edition of the Marine Transport Study entitled Navigating Stormy Water; 117
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229. Calls upon States that have not yet done so to accede to international agreements to preserve the marine environment and its biological resources and to protect them from the introduction of harmful aquatic organisms and pathogens, marine pollution from all sources, including the dumping of wastes and other materi...
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230. Recalls that, in the document "The future we want", States took note of the serious threat posed by invasive alien species to marine resources and ecosystems and committed themselves to putting in place measures to prevent their introduction and to manage their negative environmental consequences, including measur...
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231. Calls upon States that have not yet done so to consider ratifying the International Convention for the Control and Management of Ballast Water and Sediments of Ships of 2004 118, and also encourages them to consider implementing the Guidelines for the Control and Management of Biological Landfilling of Ships with ...
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232. Takes note of the activities carried out within the framework of the Mediterranean Action Plan of the United Nations Environment Programme, and in this regard also takes note of the Mediterranean Strategy for the Prevention, Preparedness and Control of Marine Pollution from Ships (2022-2031) and the Strategy for t...
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233. Also takes note of the efforts of the International Maritime Organization to prevent pollution from ships, including the designation of special zones under the 1973 International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships, as amended by the 1978 Protocol thereto, as amended from time to time 119, and th...
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235. Also notes that the global ceiling of 0.50 per cent for the sulphur content of fuel oil provided for in annex VI to the International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships entered into force on 1 January 2020, encourages States that have not yet done so to become parties to the 1997 Protocol (annex...
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237. Takes note of the ongoing work of the International Maritime Organization and the resolution on its policies and practices for reducing greenhouse gas emissions from ships, 122 and in this regard welcomes the adoption by the Organization of a revised strategy for reducing greenhouse gas emissions from ships (the I...
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238. Urges States to cooperate with a view to remedying the shortage of port facilities for receiving waste, in accordance with the plan of action developed for that purpose by the International Maritime Organization;
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239. Stresses the need for the safe and environmentally sound recycling of ships, notes that the 2009 Hong Kong International Convention for the Safe and Environmentally Sound Recycling of Ships 124 will enter into force on 26 June 2025, and encourages States that have not yet done so to consider ratifying or acceding ...
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240. Encourages the Parties to the Basel Convention on the Control of Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes and Their Disposal 125 and the International Maritime Organization to continue to cooperate with regard to rules for the prevention of pollution from ships;
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241. Notes that the Basel Convention contributes to the management of hazardous wastes and other types of wastes within its scope, including their transboundary movement and disposal, in the interests of the protection of the marine environment;
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242. Notes with concern the serious environmental consequences of oil spills or pollution events involving harmful and potentially dangerous substances, urges States to cooperate in accordance with international law, either directly or through relevant international institutions, and to share best practices in the prot...
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243. Encourages States to jointly develop and promote, at the bilateral or regional level and in accordance with international law, including the Convention and other relevant legislation, contingency plans to address pollution and other accidents that are likely to cause significant harm to the marine environment and ...
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244. Encourages States that have not yet done so to consider ratifying or acceding to the 1990 International Convention on Oil Pollution Preparedness, Control and Cooperation 126 and the 2000 Protocol on the Preparation, Response and Cooperation in Respect of Pollution Events by Harmful and Potentially Hazardous Substa...
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245. Encourages States to consider becoming parties to the 2010 Protocol to the 1996 International Convention on Liability and Compensation for Damage Associated with the Carriage by Sea of Harmful and Potentially Hazardous Substances 127;
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246. Recognizes that most of the pollution burden of the oceans originates from land-based activities and affects the most productive areas of the marine environment, and calls upon States to implement as a matter of priority the Global Programme of Action for the Protection of the Marine Environment from Land-based Ac...
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247. Welcomes the continued implementation by States, the United Nations Environment Programme and regional organizations of the Global Programme of Action for the Protection of the Marine Environment from Land-based Activities, and encourages them to place greater emphasis on the link between freshwater, coastal zone ...
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248. Expresses concern about the growth of dead (hypoxic) areas and the proliferation of toxin algae in the oceans due to eutrophication fuelled by runoff of fertilizers to rivers, sewage discharges and reactive nitrogen from burning of fossil fuels, which seriously affect the functioning of ecosystems, and calls upon ...
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249. Calls upon States that have not yet done so to take the necessary measures at the earliest possible date at the national level to fulfil the obligations under the Minamata Convention on Mercury upon ratification and thereafter to ratify, accept, approve or accede to the Minamata Convention; 128
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251. Recalls that, in the document "The future we want", States stressed their concern about the possible environmental consequences of ocean fertilization, and recalled the relevant decisions of relevant intergovernmental entities, and expressed their determination to continue to address this issue with utmost caution...
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252. Encourages States that have not yet done so to become parties to the 1996 Protocol to the 1972 Convention on the Prevention of Marine Pollution from Dumping of Wastes and Other Materials (the London Protocol);
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253. Recalls the resolution adopted by the thirtieth Consultative Meeting of the Contracting Parties to the 1972 Convention on the Prevention of Marine Pollution from Dumping of Wastes and Other Materials (the London Convention) and the Third Meeting of the Contracting Parties to the London Protocol, held from 27 to 31...
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254. Notes that the Contracting Parties to the London Convention and Protocol continue to work towards the establishment of a transparent and effective global mechanism for the control and control of ocean fertilization and other activities under the London Convention and Protocol, which may have adverse effects on the...
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255. Recalls decision IX/16 C adopted at the ninth meeting of the Conference of the Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity, held in Bonn, Germany, from 19 to 30 May 2008, 133, in which the Conference, taking into account the ongoing scientific and legal analysis under the Convention and the London Protocol, ...
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256. Takes note of resolution LP.6(17) adopted at the forty-fourth Consultative Meeting of the Contracting Parties to the London Convention and the seventeenth Meeting of the Contracting Parties to the London Protocol, which amends annexes 1 and 2 to the said Protocol, by which sewage sludge is removed from the list of...
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258. Stresses that the Intergovernmental Conference established pursuant to resolution 72/249 of 24 December 2017 concluded its work, which is reflected in resolution 77/321 on the Agreement relating to the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea on the Conservation and Sustainable Use of Marine Biological Dive...
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260. Also recognizes the importance of marine genetic resources research in enhancing scientific knowledge of marine ecosystems, in discovering potential uses and applications and in improving the management of marine ecosystems;
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262. Welcomes the fifteenth meeting of the Conference of the Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity and the results achieved, including the adoption of the KunmingMontréal Global Biodiversity Framework 138, whose objective is to halt and reverse ecosystem degradation by 2030 and the ambition is to achieve by...
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263. Takes note of the activities of the secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity to coordinate capacity-building efforts to assist developing States in meeting the goals and targets of the Kunming-Montréal Global Biodiversity Framework for marine and coastal areas;
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264. Reaffirms the urgent need for States, individually or through relevant international organizations, to consider, on the basis of the best available scientific data and the precautionary principle and in accordance with the Convention and related agreements and instruments, ways and means of integrating and improvi...
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265. Invites the Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity to implement the voluntary specific work plan on biodiversity in cold water areas within the scope of the Convention, adopted in 2016 at the thirteenth Conference of the Parties to that Convention 139;
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267. Calls upon States to strengthen, in accordance with international law and, in particular, the Convention, the conservation and management of biodiversity and marine ecosystems, as well as their national policies on area-based management tools, including marine protected areas;
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269. Reaffirms the need for States to continue and intensify their efforts, directly and through relevant international organizations, to develop and facilitate the use of all kinds of methods and tools for the conservation and management of vulnerable marine ecosystems, including consideration of the establishment of ...
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270. Takes note of the work done by States and relevant intergovernmental bodies and bodies, including the secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity, in assessing scientific data on marine areas that may require protection and listing the ecological criteria for the identification of such areas, taking into...
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271. Recalls that the Conference of the Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity, at its ninth meeting, adopted scientific criteria for the identification of ecologically or biologically significant marine areas to be protected and scientific guidance for the selection of such areas in order to establish a rep...
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272. Also recalls that, in the International Guidelines on the Management of Deep Sea Fisheries on the High Seas, the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations has provided guidance to identify vulnerable marine ecosystems and to prevent significant adverse effects on them, and notes that it continues to ...
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273. Takes note of the work of the International Maritime Organization in identifying and designating marine areas constituting particularly vulnerable maritime areas, recognizing their ecological, socio-economic or scientific importance and vulnerability to international maritime transport activities, 141 and welcomes...
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275. Also notes with appreciation the work undertaken by the regional seas conventions for the conservation and sustainable management of biodiversity and marine ecosystems, and further notes with appreciation the adoption of the Post-2020 Strategic Action Programme for the Conservation of Biodiversity and the Sustaina...
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276. Takes note of the Micronesia Challenge, the Caribbean Challenge and the Coral Triangle Initiative, which aim to establish and link national marine protected areas to facilitate the ecosystem approach, takes note of the multinational partnership in support of the Phoenix Islands Protected Area, and reaffirms the ne...
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277. Recalls that, in the document "The future we want", States, recognizing the important economic, social and environmental benefits of coral reefs, in particular for islands and coastal States, as well as the high vulnerability of coral reefs and mangroves to the consequences of climate change, ocean acidification, ...
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278. Stresses the need to include sustainable coral reef management and integrated watershed management in national development strategies, as well as in the activities of relevant United Nations agencies and programmes, international financial institutions and the donor community;
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279. Reaffirms its support for the International Coral Reef Initiative, notes that the thirty-seventh general meeting of the Initiative was held in Kailua-Kona, Hawaii, United States of America, from 20 to 23 September 2023, and supports the programme of work developed by the secretariat of the Convention on Biological...
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280. Encourages States and relevant international institutions to strengthen their efforts to combat coral bleaching, including by improving the previous day to predict and detect cases of bleaching, by supporting and strengthening responses to bleaching and by developing better strategies for the management of reefs i...
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281. Encourages States to cooperate, directly or through relevant international bodies, in the exchange of information in the event of accidents involving ships and coral reefs and in the development of techniques for quantifying the economic cost of the restoration and non-use of coral reef systems;
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282. Notes that ocean noise can have considerable adverse effects on marine living resources, affirms the importance of conducting rigorous scientific studies on this issue, encourages the continuation of marine activities, research, studies and work on the effects of ocean noise on marine life, takes note of the work ...
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283. Calls upon States to develop appropriate measures and methods to assess and address the possible socio-economic and environmental consequences of anthropogenic underwater noise, taking into account the precautionary principle and ecosystem approaches and based on the best available scientific information;
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285. Encourages States to continue their work within the framework of the International Maritime Organization with a view to gaining a better understanding of the extent to which improved navigation techniques, including the design of improved propellers, could reduce underwater noise in the oceans;
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286. Notes that the International Maritime Organization approved in July 2023 the revised text of the Guidelines for the Reduction of Undersea Noise Produced by Ships to Reduce their Adverse Impact on Marine Wildlife, adopted an updated work plan providing for a three-year trial phase on the revised Guidelines and is w...
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287. Encourages States, acting through the International Maritime Organization or individually, to participate in the development phase of the experience of the revised Guidelines and to share their knowledge and implement recommended solutions in order to remove obstacles that have prevented the adoption and implement...
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Calls upon States, individually or in collaboration with other States or relevant international organizations and bodies, to continue their efforts to raise awareness and understanding of the oceans and the deep seabed, in particular the extent and vulnerability of deep-sea biodiversity and ecosystems, by developing ma...
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290. Notes with concern that, taken in isolation or in combination, anthropogenic threats, such as the presence of waste at sea, collisions with ships, underwater noise, persistent pollutants, coastal development activities, oil spills and abandoned, lost or discarded fishing gear, may have significant adverse effects ...
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291. Invites all relevant organizations, funds, programmes and entities of the United Nations system, in consultation with interested States, to coordinate their activities with the regional and national marine scientific and technical research centres of small island developing States, as appropriate, in order to achi...
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292. Welcomes the adoption by the Assembly of the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission, at its twenty-eighth session, held in Paris from 18 to 25 June 2015, of the resolution on the Second International Indian Ocean Expedition, a project that plays an important catalytic role in linking the Indian Ocean processes...
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293. Notes with appreciation the work done by the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission, advised by the Consultative Body of Experts on the Law of the Sea, in developing procedures for the implementation of Parts XIII and XIV of the Convention;
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294. Takes note of decision A-32/4.4 of the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission, in which the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission stated that free and timely international exchange of oceanographic data was essential for the effective acquisition, integration and use of oceanographic observations collecte...
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295. Notes that the depth of much of the world's oceans, seas and watercourses remains to be measured directly, and that security, sustainability and sustainability of the world's oceans, seas and rivers remain to be measured directly.
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296. Welcomes the work carried out under the General Bathymetric Chart of the Oceans under the auspices of the International Hydrographic Organization and the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission and, in particular, the progress made, in collaboration with the Nippon Foundation, in the "Seabed 2030" project to ma...
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297. Encourages Member States to consider contributing to mechanisms that promote the widest possible availability of all bathymetric data in order to support sustainable development, management and governance of the marine environment;
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