CodCodingCode/medcialQA-reasoning-V2.1 · Datasets at Hugging Face

instruction stringclasses 8 values	input stringlengths 6 2.69k	output stringlengths 1 34.2k	source stringclasses 3 values
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Power driven instrument is ---- <<Choices:>> A) Gates glidden drill B) Reamers C) Giromatic D) Racer-Engine ---- <<Answer:>>	A	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Final saliva is: ---- <<Choices:>> A) Isotonic B) Hypotonic C) Hypertonic D) Depends upon every individual ---- <<Answer:>>	B	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Which of the following is not true regarding Ataxia telangiectasia? A) Mutations in 11q gene is implicated B) Follows autosomal dominant mode of inheritance C) Humoral and cellular immunodeficiency D) Linked to adenocarcinomas	B) Follows autosomal dominant mode of inheritance	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Spread by mosquitoes: ---- <<Choices:>> A) Dengue B) Kala azar C) Trypanomiasis D) Listeriosis ---- <<Answer:>>	A	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Calabar swelling is due to - ---- <<Choices:>> A) Hypersensitivity to adult worm of Loa-Loa B) Hypersensitivity to larva of Loa-Loa C) Hypersensitivity to adult worm of oncocerca D) Hypersensitivity to larva of oncerca ---- <<Answer:>>	A	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Neck of fibula fracture leads to which nerve injury? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Common peroneal nerve B) Obturator nerve C) Genitofemoral nerve D) Posterior tibial nerve ---- <<Answer:>>	A	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medication-related question:	how does sutent affect creatine	Among patients receiving sunitinib, the incidence of all grade increased creatinine levels is 12.4% to 65.6%	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Post-dural puncture headache is typically ? ---- <<Choices:>> A) A result of leakage of blood into the epidural space B) Worse when lying down than in sitting position C) Bifrontal or occipital D) Seen within 4 hours of dural puncture ---- <<Answer:>>	C	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Not true about right bronchus when compared to left bronchus A) Shoer B) Wider C) More horizontal D) In the line of trachea	C) More horizontal	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> A female presented with erythematous lesions on face with intolerance to spicy food is. Most likely diagnosis is? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Acne rosacea B) SLE C) Chloasma D) LPP ---- <<Answer:>>	A	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Which one of the following insecticides is not used as a larvicide? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Abate B) Paris green C) Fenthion D) Dichloros ---- <<Answer:>>	D	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> The national health policy is based on – ---- <<Choices:>> A) Comprehensive health care B) Subsidized health care C) Socialized medicine D) Equitable distribution of health resources ---- <<Answer:>>	A	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> High Oxygen tension in alveoli is due to: ---- <<Choices:>> A) Right to left shunt B) Right to left shunt C) Bronchial Asthma D) Inappropriate gas exchange ---- <<Answer:>>	B	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Which of the following drugs inhibits de novo synthesis of purines? A) Cyclosporine B) Tacrolimus C) Mycophenolate D) Infliximab	C) Mycophenolate	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Number of pericytes in diabetic retinopathy A) Increases B) Decreases C) No change D) Decreases followed by increases	B) Decreases	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> A 34 year old rickshaw puller has been using heroin for the past ten years. One evening his family members found him unconscious. He was brought to the casualty. On examination he had bradycardia, shallow breathing, constricted pupils. His blood pressure was 100/70 mm of Hg. He had brisk bilateral deep tendon reflexes. The plantar reflexes were flexor on both sides. Which of the following is the best treatment for him ? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Buprenorphine B) Flumazenil C) Methadone D) Naloxone ---- <<Answer:>>	D	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	A 2 year old child presents with scattered lesions in the skull. Biopsy revealed Langerhans giant cells. The most commonly associated is marker with this condition will be A) CD 1a B) CD 57 C) CD 3 D) CD 68	A) CD 1a	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Bacterial drug resistance genome occur due to ---- <<Choices:>> A) After experimental of drug B) Genetic mechanism C) Man made D) Environmental factor ---- <<Answer:>>	B	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> All of the following statements regarding Diabetes Mellitus are true, Except - ---- <<Choices:>> A) Insulin is not used in Type II Diabetes mellitus B) Insulin levels may be increased in patients with Type II Diabetes mellitus C) Insulin is essential to reverse Diabetic Ketoacidosis D) Intravenous Insulin is administered as a sliding scale in the hospital setting ---- <<Answer:>>	A	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Middle radio-ulnar joint is a type of A) Pivot Joint B) Saddle Joint C) Syndesmosis D) Gomphosis	C) Syndesmosis	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Factors which contribute to the risk of developing periodontal disease in individual teeth include A) Occlusion B) Excessive occlusal stress C) Pulpal infections D) All of the above	D) All of the above	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Inappropriate ADH secretion is characterised by the following except: ---- <<Choices:>> A) Hypo-osmolar urine B) Water intoxication C) Expanded fluid volume D) Hypomagnesemia ---- <<Answer:>>	A	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	A 44-year-old man with a prior renal transplant presents to the clinic for evaluation of symptoms consisting of a cough and shortness of breath on exertion. There is no sputum production and he has no prior respiratory or cardiac illnesses. On physical examination, he appears dyspneic, respirations 24/min, pulse 110/min, and oxygen saturation 88%. His lungs are clear on auscultation and heart sounds are normal. CXR shows bilateral diffuse perihilar infiltrates. Bronchoscopy and bronchial brushings show clusters of cysts that stain with methenamine silver. Which of the following is the most appropriate next step in management? A) amphotericin B B) cephalosporins C) trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole D) aminoglycosides	C) trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Not seen in constrictive pericarditis is - A) Acute pulmonary edema B) Ascites C) Tapping apex D) Pericardial knock	A) Acute pulmonary edema	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> True about case control study - ---- <<Choices:>> A) Less expensive B) Those with disease and not diseased compared C) Attributable risk is estimated D) None of these ---- <<Answer:>>	A	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Organism associated with fish consuption and also causes carcinoma gallbladder ---- <<Choices:>> A) Gnathostoma B) Anglostrongyloidosis cantonensis C) Clonorchis sinensis D) H. dimunata ---- <<Answer:>>	C	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Haemaochromatosis is defined as: March 2013 A) Syndrome caused by deficient iron absorption B) Syndrome caused by increased iron excretion C) Syndrome caused by iron deficiency in diet D) Syndrome caused by systemic iron overload	D) Syndrome caused by systemic iron overload	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	True about Cryptosporidium are all EXCEPT: A) Spores chlorine resistant B) Add fast spores C) Spores > 100 micro meters D) Enzyme immune assay done	C) Spores > 100 micro meters	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> All are obstructive lung disease except - ---- <<Choices:>> A) Emphysema B) Interstitial fibrosis C) Asthma D) Bronchitis ---- <<Answer:>>	B	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	All of the following drugs are documented to be porphyrinogenic EXCEPT: A) Estrogen therapy B) Carbamezapine C) Phenytoin D) Aspirin	D) Aspirin	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Deep caries (<2 mm of dentine remaining) management with resin composite restoration would include: ---- <<Choices:>> A) Calcium hydroxide B) Glass ionomer cement C) Dentin bonding agent D) All of the above ---- <<Answer:>>	D	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	The principle that states 'when any two objects come into contact, there is always a transfer of material from each object on the other' is called? A) Locard's principle B) Quetelet's rule C) McNauton's principle D) Gettler's principle	A) Locard's principle	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	A patient in the post opreative ICU with intravenous catheter developed spikes of fever.The causativeorvanism is - A) E. Coli B) Coagulase negative staphylococci C) Pseudomonas D) Streptococcus agalactiae	B) Coagulase negative staphylococci	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> True about cleft palate are all except ---- <<Choices:>> A) Surgery should be done at 1 year B) 50% recover speech after operation C) A/w hearing loss D) A/w cleft lip in 45% ---- <<Answer:>>	B	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Which of the following is not associated with food poisoning? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Onset with vomiting B) Tenesmus C) Leukocytosis D) High skin subrface temperature ---- <<Answer:>>	C	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Looser's zones are seen in which of the following ? A) Osteomalacia B) Paget's disease C) Renal osteodystrophy D) All of the above	D) All of the above	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	a child of age 10 yrs fell from wall with outstrecthed hand (right) , later e compalined of pain and restricted movement, the x ray shown below ,what is the management ? A) Open reduction and fixation B) Plaster cast with forearm in pronation C) Closed reduction with below - elbow cast D) Above - elbow cast with forearm in supination	D) Above - elbow cast with forearm in supination	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> In the base of the skull, which of the following foramen is most anteriorly placed? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Stylomastoid foramen B) Foramen spinosum C) Foramen ovale D) Juglar foramen ---- <<Answer:>>	C	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Hardness of drinking w ater should be? A) >3 B) l C) 3-Jan D) >6	C) 3-Jan	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Which of the following cardiac lesions is associated with least maternal moality? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Previous myocardial infarction B) Aoic stenosis C) Pulmonary hypeension D) Patent ductus aeriosus ---- <<Answer:>>	D	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Damage to nervous tissue is repaired by ---- <<Choices:>> A) Neuroglia B) Fibroblasts C) Axons D) Microglia ---- <<Answer:>>	A	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Which of the following graft is commonly used to replace defective mandibular condyles in children: ---- <<Choices:>> A) Costochondral graft. B) Sternoclavicular graft. C) Calvarial graft. D) Metatarsal graft. ---- <<Answer:>>	A	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> True about composition of low osmolar ORS is ---- <<Choices:>> A) Sodium 65mmol/L, Glucose 75mmol/L B) Sodium 75mmol/L, Potassium 20mmol/L C) Chloride 65 mmol/L, Potassium 10mmol/L D) Sodium 65 mmol/L, Citrate 20mmol/L ---- <<Answer:>>	B	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Cardiac chambers are opened in autopsy in which order?i) Left atriumii) Left ventricleiii) Right atriumiv)Right ventricle ---- <<Choices:>> A) i - ii - iii - iv B) iii - iv - i - ii C) i - iii - ii - iv D) ii - iv - iii - i ---- <<Answer:>>	B	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	A risk score for predicting postoperative nauseas and Vomitings after inhalational agent comprises all except- A) Female gender B) Prior history of motion sickness C) Non smoking D) Obesity	D) Obesity	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> The only condition associated with X-linked recessive inheritance is: ---- <<Choices:>> A) Phenylketonuria B) Mucopolysaccharidosis C) Achondroplasia D) Marfan's syndrome ---- <<Answer:>>	B	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	A middle aged man presents with parasthesia of hands and feet. Examination reveals presence of 'Mees' lines in the nails and rain drop pigmentation in the hands. The most likely causative toxin for the above mentioned symptoms is - A) Lead B) Arsenic C) Thallium D) Mercury	B) Arsenic	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options:	Q:A 27-year-old woman, gravida 2, para 1, at 36 weeks' gestation comes to the physician for a prenatal visit. She feels well. Fetal movements are adequate. This is her 7th prenatal visit. She had an ultrasound scan performed 1 month ago that showed a live intrauterine pregnancy consistent with a 32-week gestation with no anomalies. She had a Pap smear performed 1 year ago, which was normal. Vital signs are within normal limits. Pelvic examination shows a uterus consistent in size with a 36-week gestation. Her blood group and type is A negative. Which of the following is the most appropriate next step in management?? {'A': 'Complete blood count', 'B': 'Transabdominal doppler ultrasonography', 'C': 'Serum PAPP-A and HCG levels', 'D': 'Swab for GBS culture', 'E': 'Rh antibody testing\n"'},	D: Swab for GBS culture	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	The most rapidly acting nondepolarizing neuromuscular blocking agent which can be used as an alternative to succinylcholine for tracheal intubation is: A) Rocuronium B) Pancuronium C) Doxacurium D) Pipecuronium	A) Rocuronium	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> A 5-year-old boy is brought to the physician because of intermittent abdominal cramps and recurrent episodes of foul-smelling greasy diarrhea for 3 months. He has a history of recurrent upper respiratory infection. The abdomen is diffusely tender to palpation and resonant to percussion. A photomicrograph of a stool sample is shown. This patient is at increased risk for which of the following? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Hypersensitivity reaction to transfusion B) Gastric adenocarcinoma C) Progressive peripheral neuropathy D) Disseminated tuberculosis ---- <<Answer:>>	A	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Functional unit for implementation of National Mental Health Programme is at which level? ---- <<Choices:>> A) District B) Subcentre C) PHC D) State ---- <<Answer:>>	A	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Schwangershaft protein is the other name of: ---- <<Choices:>> A) hCG B) Papp-1 C) Pregnancy specific beta1 glycoprotein D) Activin ---- <<Answer:>>	C	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Trusell and Johnson's medium is used for the cultivation of ---- <<Choices:>> A) Giardia B) Leishmania C) Trichomonas D) Chilomastix ---- <<Answer:>>	C	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options:	Q:A 35-year-old man, with a history of neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2) diagnosed 2 years ago, presents with hearing loss in the right ear and tinnitus. Patient says that symptoms have been gradually progressive. He has difficulty hearing speech as well as loud sounds. He also gives a history of occasional headaches and vertigo on and off for 1 month, which is unresponsive to paracetamol. His vitals include: blood pressure 110/78 mm Hg, temperature 36.5°C (97.8°F), pulse 78/min and respiratory rate 11/min. Tuning fork tests reveal the following: Left Right Rinne’s test Air conduction > bone conduction Air conduction > bone conduction Weber test Lateralized to left ear Other physical examination findings are within normal limits. An MRI of the head is ordered which is as shown in image 1. A biopsy is done which shows cells staining positive for S100 but negative for glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP). The histopathological slide is shown in image 2. What is the most likely diagnosis?? {'A': 'Glioblastoma multiforme', 'B': 'Hemangioblastoma', 'C': 'Schwannoma', 'D': 'Meningioma', 'E': 'Craniopharyngioma'},	C: Schwannoma	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> The following structures may be injured during surgery to repair an inguinal hernia: ---- <<Choices:>> A) The ilioinguinal, genitofemoral, Iliohypogastric, and lateral femoral cutaneous nerves B) The femoral nerve C) The popliteal nerve D) The nerve to the psoas major muscle ---- <<Answer:>>	A	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	A 25-year-old Lady goes to her physician because she is concerned that she may have systemic lupus erythematosus after hearing a public health announcement on TV while working at grocery store. She has no significant past medical history, and her only medication is occasional ibuprofen. She repos that she has had intermittent oral ulcers and right knee pain. Physical examination shows no evidence of alopecia, skin rash, or joint swellimg. Her blood repos shows that she has a positive ANA at a titer of 1:40, but no other abnormalities. Which of the following statements is true? A) Four diagnostic criteria are required to be diagnosed with systemic lupus erythematosus; this patient has three B) Four diagnostic criteria are required to be diagnosed with systemic lupus erythematosus; this patient has two C) If a urinalysis shows proteinuria, she will meet criteria for systemic lupus erythematosus D) The demonstration of a positive ANA alone is adequate to diagnose systemic lupus erythematosus	B) Four diagnostic criteria are required to be diagnosed with systemic lupus erythematosus; this patient has two	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Syndrome which is characterized by 2X chromosomes and 1Y chromosome is: A) Kleinfelter syndrome B) Down syndrome C) Turner syndrome D) Marfan syndrome	A) Kleinfelter syndrome	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	"Row of tombstones" appearance is seen in: A) Irritant dermatitis B) Pemphigus C) Pemphigoid D) Herpes zoster	B) Pemphigus	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Neuro lathyrism results due to ---- <<Choices:>> A) Aflatoxin B) Pyruvic acid C) BOAA D) Sanguinarine ---- <<Answer:>>	C	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options:	Q:A 42-year-old man presents for evaluation of vitamin D deficiency with possible osteomalacia. The patient had a pathologic fracture 3 weeks ago and was found to have dangerously low levels of vitamin D with normal serum calcium levels. Bone density has been drastically affected, leading to the fracture this patient experienced. The lack of what compound is most responsible for the formation of this disease?? {'A': 'Calcifediol', 'B': 'Calcitriol', 'C': 'Vitamin D binding protein', 'D': 'PTH', 'E': '25-hydroxycholecalciferol'},	B: Calcitriol	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	All are true about anterior cruciate ligament except? A) Commonly occurs as a result of twisting force B) May be associated with Segond fracture C) Rarely associated with meniscal injury D) Lachman test is highly sensitive test for tear	C) Rarely associated with meniscal injury	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options:	Q:A 21-year-old woman presents to her primary care doctor for an initial visit. She is a Syrian refugee and arrived in the United States 2 weeks ago. She has been living in refugee camps throughout Jordan and Turkey for the past 2 years. She has a 3-year-old son and reports that she has limited her food intake in order to ensure that her son has adequate nutrition. She reports decreased vision most noticeable over the past 6 months that is worse in low-light settings. She also reports severe dry eyes that have not improved with eye drops. She has no known past medical history and takes no medications. Her body mass index is 18.1 kg/m^2. On exam, she appears lethargic but is able to respond to questions appropriately. She has dry mucous membranes and decreased skin turgor. Her conjunctiva appears dry, thickened, and wrinkled. There is a small corneal ulcer on the lateral aspect of the left eye. This patient's symptoms are most consistent with a deficiency in a vitamin that contributes to which of the following processes?? {'A': 'Collagen synthesis', 'B': 'T-cell differentiation', 'C': 'Clotting factor synthesis', 'D': 'Cystathionine synthesis', 'E': 'Methylation reactions'},	B: T-cell differentiation	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> A researcher is studying the effects of hormones on different cells within the ovarian follicle. She adds follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) to a culture of ovarian follicle cells. She then measures the activity levels of different enzymes within the cells. Which enzyme and ovarian cell type would be expected to be stimulated by the addition of FSH? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Desmolase; theca interna cell B) Aromatase; theca externa cell C) Aromatase; granulosa cell D) Aromatase; theca interna cell ---- <<Answer:>>	C	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	A 10-year-old child presents with diarrhea and abdominal pain since 4 days. Stool microscopy was done and is shown below. Which of the following can be used for the treatment? A) Mebendazole B) Ivermectin C) Diethylcarbamazine D) Praziquantel	D) Praziquantel	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	HSV-2 (Herpes simplex) causes - A) Oral ulcers B) Genital ulcers C) U.T.I. D) Pharyngitis	B) Genital ulcers	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Hyperacute rejection occurs within:- ---- <<Choices:>> A) 12 hours B) 2 weeks C) 1 month D) 3 month ---- <<Answer:>>	A	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Most Probable cause of food poisoning in a child who has eaten Ice Cream 16-18 hrs earlier is ? A) Staph aureus B) Clostridium perfringens C) Clostridium botulinum D) Salmonella typhimurium	D) Salmonella typhimurium	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> The earliest response of pulpitis is: ---- <<Choices:>> A) Cyst formation B) Calcification C) Hyalinization D) Formation of dental granuloma ---- <<Answer:>>	C	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Which one of the following is a connective tissue tumour: A) Lipoma B) Melanoma C) Carcinoma D) Papilloma	A) Lipoma	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> All the following branches of the Vth nerve supply the dura mater except - ---- <<Choices:>> A) Anterior ethmoidal B) Posterior ethmoidal C) Auriculotemporal D) Mandibular ---- <<Answer:>>	C	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	A 19 years old patient came to the out patient department with complaints of primary amenorrhea. She had well- developed breast and pubic hair. However there was absence of vagina and uterus but normal ovaries. Likely diagnosis is: A) XYY B) Mullerian agenesis C) Gonadal dysgenesis D) Klinefelter's syndrome	B) Mullerian agenesis	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Guarneri bodies are found in: A) Vaccina B) Rubella C) Measles D) Measles	A) Vaccina	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Mallampati classification is done for ---- <<Choices:>> A) Mobility of the neck B) Size of the airway C) Oral cavity of patient for intubation D) Size of endotracheal tube. ---- <<Answer:>>	C	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	In anesthesia, fitting of wrong gas cylinder to the anesthesia machine can he prevented by: A) Pin index system B) Yolk assembly C) Bodock seal D) Gas analyser	A) Pin index system	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	After removal of granulation tissue from periodontal pocket the hard structure seen is A) Periosteum B) Transseptal fibres C) Sharpey's fibres D) Organized granulation tissue	B) Transseptal fibres	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Most common cause of CTEV - A) Arthrogryposis multiplex congenita B) Spina bifida C) Idiopathic D) Neural tube defect	C) Idiopathic	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Cubitus valgus deformity is complication of ---- <<Choices:>> A) Supracondylar humerus fracture B) Lateral condyle humerus fracture C) Elbow dislocation D) Medial condyle humerus fracture ---- <<Answer:>>	B	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Most commonly associated mutation in prostratic carcinoma is? A) p16\/INK4a B) PTEN C) GPST 1 D) APC	C) GPST 1	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> A 11-year-old boy presents in the outpatient department with complaints of not developing secondary sexual characteristics. On examination, child is found to have tall stature, no secondary sexual characteristics. Testes are found to be small and firm and gynecomastia is noted. What is the most probable clinical diagnosis? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Klinefelter's syndrome B) Edwards syndrome C) Patau syndrome D) Turner syndrome ---- <<Answer:>>	A	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Fordyce&;s spots in oral cavity arise from A) Mucous glands B) Sebaceous glands C) Taste buds D) Minor salivary glands	B) Sebaceous glands	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Which of the following nerve serve as an afferent nerve while eliciting cremasteric reflex? A) Genitofemoral nerve B) Ilioinguinal nerve C) Pudendal nerve D) Tibial nerve	B) Ilioinguinal nerve	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> A 22-year-old college student comes to the physician because of depressed mood and fatigue for the past 5 weeks. He has been feeling sad and unmotivated to attend his college classes. He finds it particularly difficult to get out of bed in the morning. He has difficulty concentrating during lectures and often feels that he is less intelligent compared to his classmates. In elementary school, he was diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and treated with methylphenidate; he stopped taking this medication 4 years ago because his symptoms had improved during high school. He has smoked two packs of cigarettes daily for 8 years; he feels guilty that he has been unable to quit despite numerous attempts. During his last attempt 3 weeks ago, he experienced increased appetite and subsequently gained 3 kg (6 lb 10 oz) in a week. Mental status examination shows psychomotor retardation and restricted affect. There is no evidence of suicidal ideation. Which of the following is the most appropriate pharmacotherapy? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Amitriptyline B) Bupropion C) Fluoxetine D) Valproic acid ---- <<Answer:>>	B	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> A researcher is studying the brains of patients who recently died from stroke-related causes. One specimen has a large thrombus in an area of the brain that is important in relaying many modalities of sensory information from the periphery to the sensory cortex. Which of the following embryologic structures gave rise to the part of the brain in question? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Telencephalon B) Diencephalon C) Metencephalon D) Mylencephalon ---- <<Answer:>>	B	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Which is the most common site for chronic gastric ulcer? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Lesser curvature at incisura B) High on lesser curvature C) Greater curvature D) Pre-pyloric ---- <<Answer:>>	A	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Which of the following is not a method of transmission of infection through direct contact? A) Syringe and needle B) Kissing C) Sexual Intercourse D) Transplacental	D) Transplacental	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Which brainstem-derived descending tract produces action similar to the lateral coicospinal tract? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Vestibulospinal B) Reticulospinal C) Spinocerebellar D) Rubrospinal ---- <<Answer:>>	D	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	A 65-year-old man has anemia, splenomegaly, and extramedullary hematopoiesis. He has experienced easy fatigability, weightloss, and weakness. Bone marrow biopsy reveals marked proliferation of fibrous tissue (myelofibrosis) Which of the following is a characteristic finding in this disorder? A) Depletion of bone marrow megakaryocytes B) Teardrop-shaped erythrocytes C) Autosplenectomy D) Neoplastic plasma cells in the bone marrow	B) Teardrop-shaped erythrocytes	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> DNA synthesis occurs in phase- ---- <<Choices:>> A) G1 B) G2 C) S D) M ---- <<Answer:>>	C	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Reverse Transcriptase is - A) DNA polymerase B) DNA dependant RNA polymerase C) RNA dependant DNA polymerase D) None	C) RNA dependant DNA polymerase	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	All of the following are true for sarcoidosis except:September 2008 A) Kveim test is the most specific test for sarcoidosis B) Caseating epithelioid granulomas C) Most commonly involves lungs D) Unknown etiology	B) Caseating epithelioid granulomas	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	A pregnant woman at 34 weeks pregnancy, comes with bleeding PN, B. P. 80 : A) Examination in OT and termination of pregnancy B) Blood transfusion C) Observation D) LSCS	B) Blood transfusion	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Amount of ORS given in a 4 kg child with diarrhea with some dehydration: A) 200 mL B) 300 mL C) 400 mL D) 800 mL	B) 300 mL	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Cherry Red spot is found in all of the following except: ---- <<Choices:>> A) Nimen Picks disease B) GM1 gangliosidosis C) Krabbe's disease D) Multiple sulfatase deficiency ---- <<Answer:>>	C	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> HPV causes ? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Condylomalata B) Condyloma acuminata C) Bubo D) Chancre ---- <<Answer:>>	B	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> An immigrant from the Far East develops malaise, fever, and rigors, followed by upper right quadrant abdominal pain, vomiting, jaundice, and itching. His urine is dark and his feces are pale. Infestation with which of the following parasites is most strongly suggested by this patient's presentation? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Clonorchis sinensis B) Enterobius vermicularis C) Plasmodium ovale D) Taenia solium ---- <<Answer:>>	A	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Garre's osteomyelitis is A) Chronic B) Usually seen in mandible C) Sclerosis of diaphysis of long bones D) All of the above	D) All of the above	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> A 24 year old underweight woman presents to you with progressive abdominal discomfo, dyspnoea, nausea and vomiting. Abdominal examination revealed cystic enlargement of ovaries. Relevant investigations results are as follows: Hematocrit - 57% Total count - 25000 /mm3 RFT -Impaired LFT - Mildly impaired USG - Massive ascites Serum peak oestradiol- 9000 pg/ ml X ray chest - shows pulmonary oedema History revealed that she had polycystic ovarian disease (PCOD) and was on treatment for infeility. She had received an injection last week from her infeility specialist. What is your diagnosis? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Budd Chiari syndrome B) Meigs syndrome C) Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome D) Pseudomyxoma peritonei ---- <<Answer:>>	C	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Active from of vitamin D is: ---- <<Choices:>> A) Cholecalciferol B) 24, 25 (OH) 2 Vit-D C) 1, 25 (OH) 2 Vit-D D) 25-OH Vit-D ---- <<Answer:>>	C	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> What is the actual intention of doing sentinel surveillance? ---- <<Choices:>> A) To know the total number of cases B) For health planning C) To know the natural history of the disease D) To prevent the disease ---- <<Answer:>>	A	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options:	Q:A 21-year-old female is brought to the emergency department by her roommate. Her roommate says that the patient has been acting “strangely” for the past 10 days. She has noticed that the patient has been moving and talking on the phone at all hours of the night. She doesn’t think that the patient sleeps more than one to two hours a night. She also spends hours pacing up and down the apartment, talking about “trying to save the world.” She also notices that the patient has been speaking very fast. When asking the patient if anything seems different, the patient denies anything wrong, only adding that, “she’s made great progress on her plans." The patient said she has felt like this on one occasion 2 years ago, and she recalled being hospitalized for about 2 weeks. She denies any history of depression, although she said about a year ago she had no energy and had a hard time motivating herself to go to class and see her friends for months. She denies hearing any voices or any visual hallucinations. What is the most likely diagnosis in this patient?? {'A': 'Schizoaffective disorder', 'B': 'Major depressive disorder', 'C': 'Bipolar I disorder', 'D': 'Bipolar II disorder', 'E': 'Dysthymic disorder'},	C: Bipolar I disorder	medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Power driven instrument is ---- <<Choices:>> A) Gates glidden drill B) Reamers C) Giromatic D) Racer-Engine ---- <<Answer:>>

A

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Final saliva is: ---- <<Choices:>> A) Isotonic B) Hypotonic C) Hypertonic D) Depends upon every individual ---- <<Answer:>>

B

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

Which of the following is not true regarding Ataxia telangiectasia? A) Mutations in 11q gene is implicated B) Follows autosomal dominant mode of inheritance C) Humoral and cellular immunodeficiency D) Linked to adenocarcinomas

B) Follows autosomal dominant mode of inheritance

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Spread by mosquitoes: ---- <<Choices:>> A) Dengue B) Kala azar C) Trypanomiasis D) Listeriosis ---- <<Answer:>>

A

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Calabar swelling is due to - ---- <<Choices:>> A) Hypersensitivity to adult worm of Loa-Loa B) Hypersensitivity to larva of Loa-Loa C) Hypersensitivity to adult worm of oncocerca D) Hypersensitivity to larva of oncerca ---- <<Answer:>>

A

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Neck of fibula fracture leads to which nerve injury? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Common peroneal nerve B) Obturator nerve C) Genitofemoral nerve D) Posterior tibial nerve ---- <<Answer:>>

A

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medication-related question:

how does sutent affect creatine

Among patients receiving sunitinib, the incidence of all grade increased creatinine levels is 12.4% to 65.6%

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Post-dural puncture headache is typically ? ---- <<Choices:>> A) A result of leakage of blood into the epidural space B) Worse when lying down than in sitting position C) Bifrontal or occipital D) Seen within 4 hours of dural puncture ---- <<Answer:>>

C

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

Not true about right bronchus when compared to left bronchus A) Shoer B) Wider C) More horizontal D) In the line of trachea

C) More horizontal

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> A female presented with erythematous lesions on face with intolerance to spicy food is. Most likely diagnosis is? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Acne rosacea B) SLE C) Chloasma D) LPP ---- <<Answer:>>

A

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Which one of the following insecticides is not used as a larvicide? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Abate B) Paris green C) Fenthion D) Dichloros ---- <<Answer:>>

D

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> The national health policy is based on – ---- <<Choices:>> A) Comprehensive health care B) Subsidized health care C) Socialized medicine D) Equitable distribution of health resources ---- <<Answer:>>

A

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> High Oxygen tension in alveoli is due to: ---- <<Choices:>> A) Right to left shunt B) Right to left shunt C) Bronchial Asthma D) Inappropriate gas exchange ---- <<Answer:>>

B

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

Which of the following drugs inhibits de novo synthesis of purines? A) Cyclosporine B) Tacrolimus C) Mycophenolate D) Infliximab

C) Mycophenolate

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

Number of pericytes in diabetic retinopathy A) Increases B) Decreases C) No change D) Decreases followed by increases

B) Decreases

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> A 34 year old rickshaw puller has been using heroin for the past ten years. One evening his family members found him unconscious. He was brought to the casualty. On examination he had bradycardia, shallow breathing, constricted pupils. His blood pressure was 100/70 mm of Hg. He had brisk bilateral deep tendon reflexes. The plantar reflexes were flexor on both sides. Which of the following is the best treatment for him ? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Buprenorphine B) Flumazenil C) Methadone D) Naloxone ---- <<Answer:>>

D

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

A 2 year old child presents with scattered lesions in the skull. Biopsy revealed Langerhans giant cells. The most commonly associated is marker with this condition will be A) CD 1a B) CD 57 C) CD 3 D) CD 68

A) CD 1a

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Bacterial drug resistance genome occur due to ---- <<Choices:>> A) After experimental of drug B) Genetic mechanism C) Man made D) Environmental factor ---- <<Answer:>>

B

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> All of the following statements regarding Diabetes Mellitus are true, Except - ---- <<Choices:>> A) Insulin is not used in Type II Diabetes mellitus B) Insulin levels may be increased in patients with Type II Diabetes mellitus C) Insulin is essential to reverse Diabetic Ketoacidosis D) Intravenous Insulin is administered as a sliding scale in the hospital setting ---- <<Answer:>>

A

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

Middle radio-ulnar joint is a type of A) Pivot Joint B) Saddle Joint C) Syndesmosis D) Gomphosis

C) Syndesmosis

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

Factors which contribute to the risk of developing periodontal disease in individual teeth include A) Occlusion B) Excessive occlusal stress C) Pulpal infections D) All of the above

D) All of the above

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Inappropriate ADH secretion is characterised by the following except: ---- <<Choices:>> A) Hypo-osmolar urine B) Water intoxication C) Expanded fluid volume D) Hypomagnesemia ---- <<Answer:>>

A

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

A 44-year-old man with a prior renal transplant presents to the clinic for evaluation of symptoms consisting of a cough and shortness of breath on exertion. There is no sputum production and he has no prior respiratory or cardiac illnesses. On physical examination, he appears dyspneic, respirations 24/min, pulse 110/min, and oxygen saturation 88%. His lungs are clear on auscultation and heart sounds are normal. CXR shows bilateral diffuse perihilar infiltrates. Bronchoscopy and bronchial brushings show clusters of cysts that stain with methenamine silver. Which of the following is the most appropriate next step in management? A) amphotericin B B) cephalosporins C) trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole D) aminoglycosides

C) trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

Not seen in constrictive pericarditis is - A) Acute pulmonary edema B) Ascites C) Tapping apex D) Pericardial knock

A) Acute pulmonary edema

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> True about case control study - ---- <<Choices:>> A) Less expensive B) Those with disease and not diseased compared C) Attributable risk is estimated D) None of these ---- <<Answer:>>

A

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Organism associated with fish consuption and also causes carcinoma gallbladder ---- <<Choices:>> A) Gnathostoma B) Anglostrongyloidosis cantonensis C) Clonorchis sinensis D) H. dimunata ---- <<Answer:>>

C

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

Haemaochromatosis is defined as: March 2013 A) Syndrome caused by deficient iron absorption B) Syndrome caused by increased iron excretion C) Syndrome caused by iron deficiency in diet D) Syndrome caused by systemic iron overload

D) Syndrome caused by systemic iron overload

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

True about Cryptosporidium are all EXCEPT: A) Spores chlorine resistant B) Add fast spores C) Spores > 100 micro meters D) Enzyme immune assay done

C) Spores > 100 micro meters

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> All are obstructive lung disease except - ---- <<Choices:>> A) Emphysema B) Interstitial fibrosis C) Asthma D) Bronchitis ---- <<Answer:>>

B

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

All of the following drugs are documented to be porphyrinogenic EXCEPT: A) Estrogen therapy B) Carbamezapine C) Phenytoin D) Aspirin

D) Aspirin

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Deep caries (<2 mm of dentine remaining) management with resin composite restoration would include: ---- <<Choices:>> A) Calcium hydroxide B) Glass ionomer cement C) Dentin bonding agent D) All of the above ---- <<Answer:>>

D

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

The principle that states 'when any two objects come into contact, there is always a transfer of material from each object on the other' is called? A) Locard's principle B) Quetelet's rule C) McNauton's principle D) Gettler's principle

A) Locard's principle

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

A patient in the post opreative ICU with intravenous catheter developed spikes of fever.The causativeorvanism is - A) E. Coli B) Coagulase negative staphylococci C) Pseudomonas D) Streptococcus agalactiae

B) Coagulase negative staphylococci

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> True about cleft palate are all except ---- <<Choices:>> A) Surgery should be done at 1 year B) 50% recover speech after operation C) A/w hearing loss D) A/w cleft lip in 45% ---- <<Answer:>>

B

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Which of the following is not associated with food poisoning? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Onset with vomiting B) Tenesmus C) Leukocytosis D) High skin subrface temperature ---- <<Answer:>>

C

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

Looser's zones are seen in which of the following ? A) Osteomalacia B) Paget's disease C) Renal osteodystrophy D) All of the above

D) All of the above

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

a child of age 10 yrs fell from wall with outstrecthed hand (right) , later e compalined of pain and restricted movement, the x ray shown below ,what is the management ? A) Open reduction and fixation B) Plaster cast with forearm in pronation C) Closed reduction with below - elbow cast D) Above - elbow cast with forearm in supination

D) Above - elbow cast with forearm in supination

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> In the base of the skull, which of the following foramen is most anteriorly placed? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Stylomastoid foramen B) Foramen spinosum C) Foramen ovale D) Juglar foramen ---- <<Answer:>>

C

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

Hardness of drinking w ater should be? A) >3 B) l C) 3-Jan D) >6

C) 3-Jan

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Which of the following cardiac lesions is associated with least maternal moality? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Previous myocardial infarction B) Aoic stenosis C) Pulmonary hypeension D) Patent ductus aeriosus ---- <<Answer:>>

D

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Damage to nervous tissue is repaired by ---- <<Choices:>> A) Neuroglia B) Fibroblasts C) Axons D) Microglia ---- <<Answer:>>

A

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Which of the following graft is commonly used to replace defective mandibular condyles in children: ---- <<Choices:>> A) Costochondral graft. B) Sternoclavicular graft. C) Calvarial graft. D) Metatarsal graft. ---- <<Answer:>>

A

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> True about composition of low osmolar ORS is ---- <<Choices:>> A) Sodium 65mmol/L, Glucose 75mmol/L B) Sodium 75mmol/L, Potassium 20mmol/L C) Chloride 65 mmol/L, Potassium 10mmol/L D) Sodium 65 mmol/L, Citrate 20mmol/L ---- <<Answer:>>

B

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Cardiac chambers are opened in autopsy in which order?i) Left atriumii) Left ventricleiii) Right atriumiv)Right ventricle ---- <<Choices:>> A) i - ii - iii - iv B) iii - iv - i - ii C) i - iii - ii - iv D) ii - iv - iii - i ---- <<Answer:>>

B

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

A risk score for predicting postoperative nauseas and Vomitings after inhalational agent comprises all except- A) Female gender B) Prior history of motion sickness C) Non smoking D) Obesity

D) Obesity

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> The only condition associated with X-linked recessive inheritance is: ---- <<Choices:>> A) Phenylketonuria B) Mucopolysaccharidosis C) Achondroplasia D) Marfan's syndrome ---- <<Answer:>>

B

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

A middle aged man presents with parasthesia of hands and feet. Examination reveals presence of 'Mees' lines in the nails and rain drop pigmentation in the hands. The most likely causative toxin for the above mentioned symptoms is - A) Lead B) Arsenic C) Thallium D) Mercury

B) Arsenic

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options:

Q:A 27-year-old woman, gravida 2, para 1, at 36 weeks' gestation comes to the physician for a prenatal visit. She feels well. Fetal movements are adequate. This is her 7th prenatal visit. She had an ultrasound scan performed 1 month ago that showed a live intrauterine pregnancy consistent with a 32-week gestation with no anomalies. She had a Pap smear performed 1 year ago, which was normal. Vital signs are within normal limits. Pelvic examination shows a uterus consistent in size with a 36-week gestation. Her blood group and type is A negative. Which of the following is the most appropriate next step in management?? {'A': 'Complete blood count', 'B': 'Transabdominal doppler ultrasonography', 'C': 'Serum PAPP-A and HCG levels', 'D': 'Swab for GBS culture', 'E': 'Rh antibody testing\n"'},

D: Swab for GBS culture

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

The most rapidly acting nondepolarizing neuromuscular blocking agent which can be used as an alternative to succinylcholine for tracheal intubation is: A) Rocuronium B) Pancuronium C) Doxacurium D) Pipecuronium

A) Rocuronium

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> A 5-year-old boy is brought to the physician because of intermittent abdominal cramps and recurrent episodes of foul-smelling greasy diarrhea for 3 months. He has a history of recurrent upper respiratory infection. The abdomen is diffusely tender to palpation and resonant to percussion. A photomicrograph of a stool sample is shown. This patient is at increased risk for which of the following? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Hypersensitivity reaction to transfusion B) Gastric adenocarcinoma C) Progressive peripheral neuropathy D) Disseminated tuberculosis ---- <<Answer:>>

A

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Functional unit for implementation of National Mental Health Programme is at which level? ---- <<Choices:>> A) District B) Subcentre C) PHC D) State ---- <<Answer:>>

A

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Schwangershaft protein is the other name of: ---- <<Choices:>> A) hCG B) Papp-1 C) Pregnancy specific beta1 glycoprotein D) Activin ---- <<Answer:>>

C

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Trusell and Johnson's medium is used for the cultivation of ---- <<Choices:>> A) Giardia B) Leishmania C) Trichomonas D) Chilomastix ---- <<Answer:>>

C

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options:

Q:A 35-year-old man, with a history of neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2) diagnosed 2 years ago, presents with hearing loss in the right ear and tinnitus. Patient says that symptoms have been gradually progressive. He has difficulty hearing speech as well as loud sounds. He also gives a history of occasional headaches and vertigo on and off for 1 month, which is unresponsive to paracetamol. His vitals include: blood pressure 110/78 mm Hg, temperature 36.5°C (97.8°F), pulse 78/min and respiratory rate 11/min. Tuning fork tests reveal the following: Left Right Rinne’s test Air conduction > bone conduction Air conduction > bone conduction Weber test Lateralized to left ear Other physical examination findings are within normal limits. An MRI of the head is ordered which is as shown in image 1. A biopsy is done which shows cells staining positive for S100 but negative for glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP). The histopathological slide is shown in image 2. What is the most likely diagnosis?? {'A': 'Glioblastoma multiforme', 'B': 'Hemangioblastoma', 'C': 'Schwannoma', 'D': 'Meningioma', 'E': 'Craniopharyngioma'},

C: Schwannoma

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> The following structures may be injured during surgery to repair an inguinal hernia: ---- <<Choices:>> A) The ilioinguinal, genitofemoral, Iliohypogastric, and lateral femoral cutaneous nerves B) The femoral nerve C) The popliteal nerve D) The nerve to the psoas major muscle ---- <<Answer:>>

A

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

A 25-year-old Lady goes to her physician because she is concerned that she may have systemic lupus erythematosus after hearing a public health announcement on TV while working at grocery store. She has no significant past medical history, and her only medication is occasional ibuprofen. She repos that she has had intermittent oral ulcers and right knee pain. Physical examination shows no evidence of alopecia, skin rash, or joint swellimg. Her blood repos shows that she has a positive ANA at a titer of 1:40, but no other abnormalities. Which of the following statements is true? A) Four diagnostic criteria are required to be diagnosed with systemic lupus erythematosus; this patient has three B) Four diagnostic criteria are required to be diagnosed with systemic lupus erythematosus; this patient has two C) If a urinalysis shows proteinuria, she will meet criteria for systemic lupus erythematosus D) The demonstration of a positive ANA alone is adequate to diagnose systemic lupus erythematosus

B) Four diagnostic criteria are required to be diagnosed with systemic lupus erythematosus; this patient has two

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

Syndrome which is characterized by 2X chromosomes and 1Y chromosome is: A) Kleinfelter syndrome B) Down syndrome C) Turner syndrome D) Marfan syndrome

A) Kleinfelter syndrome

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

"Row of tombstones" appearance is seen in: A) Irritant dermatitis B) Pemphigus C) Pemphigoid D) Herpes zoster

B) Pemphigus

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Neuro lathyrism results due to ---- <<Choices:>> A) Aflatoxin B) Pyruvic acid C) BOAA D) Sanguinarine ---- <<Answer:>>

C

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options:

Q:A 42-year-old man presents for evaluation of vitamin D deficiency with possible osteomalacia. The patient had a pathologic fracture 3 weeks ago and was found to have dangerously low levels of vitamin D with normal serum calcium levels. Bone density has been drastically affected, leading to the fracture this patient experienced. The lack of what compound is most responsible for the formation of this disease?? {'A': 'Calcifediol', 'B': 'Calcitriol', 'C': 'Vitamin D binding protein', 'D': 'PTH', 'E': '25-hydroxycholecalciferol'},

B: Calcitriol

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

All are true about anterior cruciate ligament except? A) Commonly occurs as a result of twisting force B) May be associated with Segond fracture C) Rarely associated with meniscal injury D) Lachman test is highly sensitive test for tear

C) Rarely associated with meniscal injury

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options:

Q:A 21-year-old woman presents to her primary care doctor for an initial visit. She is a Syrian refugee and arrived in the United States 2 weeks ago. She has been living in refugee camps throughout Jordan and Turkey for the past 2 years. She has a 3-year-old son and reports that she has limited her food intake in order to ensure that her son has adequate nutrition. She reports decreased vision most noticeable over the past 6 months that is worse in low-light settings. She also reports severe dry eyes that have not improved with eye drops. She has no known past medical history and takes no medications. Her body mass index is 18.1 kg/m^2. On exam, she appears lethargic but is able to respond to questions appropriately. She has dry mucous membranes and decreased skin turgor. Her conjunctiva appears dry, thickened, and wrinkled. There is a small corneal ulcer on the lateral aspect of the left eye. This patient's symptoms are most consistent with a deficiency in a vitamin that contributes to which of the following processes?? {'A': 'Collagen synthesis', 'B': 'T-cell differentiation', 'C': 'Clotting factor synthesis', 'D': 'Cystathionine synthesis', 'E': 'Methylation reactions'},

B: T-cell differentiation

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> A researcher is studying the effects of hormones on different cells within the ovarian follicle. She adds follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) to a culture of ovarian follicle cells. She then measures the activity levels of different enzymes within the cells. Which enzyme and ovarian cell type would be expected to be stimulated by the addition of FSH? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Desmolase; theca interna cell B) Aromatase; theca externa cell C) Aromatase; granulosa cell D) Aromatase; theca interna cell ---- <<Answer:>>

C

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

A 10-year-old child presents with diarrhea and abdominal pain since 4 days. Stool microscopy was done and is shown below. Which of the following can be used for the treatment? A) Mebendazole B) Ivermectin C) Diethylcarbamazine D) Praziquantel

D) Praziquantel

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

HSV-2 (Herpes simplex) causes - A) Oral ulcers B) Genital ulcers C) U.T.I. D) Pharyngitis

B) Genital ulcers

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Hyperacute rejection occurs within:- ---- <<Choices:>> A) 12 hours B) 2 weeks C) 1 month D) 3 month ---- <<Answer:>>

A

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

Most Probable cause of food poisoning in a child who has eaten Ice Cream 16-18 hrs earlier is ? A) Staph aureus B) Clostridium perfringens C) Clostridium botulinum D) Salmonella typhimurium

D) Salmonella typhimurium

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> The earliest response of pulpitis is: ---- <<Choices:>> A) Cyst formation B) Calcification C) Hyalinization D) Formation of dental granuloma ---- <<Answer:>>

C

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

Which one of the following is a connective tissue tumour: A) Lipoma B) Melanoma C) Carcinoma D) Papilloma

A) Lipoma

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> All the following branches of the Vth nerve supply the dura mater except - ---- <<Choices:>> A) Anterior ethmoidal B) Posterior ethmoidal C) Auriculotemporal D) Mandibular ---- <<Answer:>>

C

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

A 19 years old patient came to the out patient department with complaints of primary amenorrhea. She had well- developed breast and pubic hair. However there was absence of vagina and uterus but normal ovaries. Likely diagnosis is: A) XYY B) Mullerian agenesis C) Gonadal dysgenesis D) Klinefelter's syndrome

B) Mullerian agenesis

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

Guarneri bodies are found in: A) Vaccina B) Rubella C) Measles D) Measles

A) Vaccina

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Mallampati classification is done for ---- <<Choices:>> A) Mobility of the neck B) Size of the airway C) Oral cavity of patient for intubation D) Size of endotracheal tube. ---- <<Answer:>>

C

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

In anesthesia, fitting of wrong gas cylinder to the anesthesia machine can he prevented by: A) Pin index system B) Yolk assembly C) Bodock seal D) Gas analyser

A) Pin index system

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

After removal of granulation tissue from periodontal pocket the hard structure seen is A) Periosteum B) Transseptal fibres C) Sharpey's fibres D) Organized granulation tissue

B) Transseptal fibres

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

Most common cause of CTEV - A) Arthrogryposis multiplex congenita B) Spina bifida C) Idiopathic D) Neural tube defect

C) Idiopathic

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Cubitus valgus deformity is complication of ---- <<Choices:>> A) Supracondylar humerus fracture B) Lateral condyle humerus fracture C) Elbow dislocation D) Medial condyle humerus fracture ---- <<Answer:>>

B

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

Most commonly associated mutation in prostratic carcinoma is? A) p16\/INK4a B) PTEN C) GPST 1 D) APC

C) GPST 1

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> A 11-year-old boy presents in the outpatient department with complaints of not developing secondary sexual characteristics. On examination, child is found to have tall stature, no secondary sexual characteristics. Testes are found to be small and firm and gynecomastia is noted. What is the most probable clinical diagnosis? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Klinefelter's syndrome B) Edwards syndrome C) Patau syndrome D) Turner syndrome ---- <<Answer:>>

A

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

Fordyce&;s spots in oral cavity arise from A) Mucous glands B) Sebaceous glands C) Taste buds D) Minor salivary glands

B) Sebaceous glands

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

Which of the following nerve serve as an afferent nerve while eliciting cremasteric reflex? A) Genitofemoral nerve B) Ilioinguinal nerve C) Pudendal nerve D) Tibial nerve

B) Ilioinguinal nerve

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> A 22-year-old college student comes to the physician because of depressed mood and fatigue for the past 5 weeks. He has been feeling sad and unmotivated to attend his college classes. He finds it particularly difficult to get out of bed in the morning. He has difficulty concentrating during lectures and often feels that he is less intelligent compared to his classmates. In elementary school, he was diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and treated with methylphenidate; he stopped taking this medication 4 years ago because his symptoms had improved during high school. He has smoked two packs of cigarettes daily for 8 years; he feels guilty that he has been unable to quit despite numerous attempts. During his last attempt 3 weeks ago, he experienced increased appetite and subsequently gained 3 kg (6 lb 10 oz) in a week. Mental status examination shows psychomotor retardation and restricted affect. There is no evidence of suicidal ideation. Which of the following is the most appropriate pharmacotherapy? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Amitriptyline B) Bupropion C) Fluoxetine D) Valproic acid ---- <<Answer:>>

B

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> A researcher is studying the brains of patients who recently died from stroke-related causes. One specimen has a large thrombus in an area of the brain that is important in relaying many modalities of sensory information from the periphery to the sensory cortex. Which of the following embryologic structures gave rise to the part of the brain in question? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Telencephalon B) Diencephalon C) Metencephalon D) Mylencephalon ---- <<Answer:>>

B

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Which is the most common site for chronic gastric ulcer? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Lesser curvature at incisura B) High on lesser curvature C) Greater curvature D) Pre-pyloric ---- <<Answer:>>

A

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

Which of the following is not a method of transmission of infection through direct contact? A) Syringe and needle B) Kissing C) Sexual Intercourse D) Transplacental

D) Transplacental

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Which brainstem-derived descending tract produces action similar to the lateral coicospinal tract? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Vestibulospinal B) Reticulospinal C) Spinocerebellar D) Rubrospinal ---- <<Answer:>>

D

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

A 65-year-old man has anemia, splenomegaly, and extramedullary hematopoiesis. He has experienced easy fatigability, weightloss, and weakness. Bone marrow biopsy reveals marked proliferation of fibrous tissue (myelofibrosis) Which of the following is a characteristic finding in this disorder? A) Depletion of bone marrow megakaryocytes B) Teardrop-shaped erythrocytes C) Autosplenectomy D) Neoplastic plasma cells in the bone marrow

B) Teardrop-shaped erythrocytes

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> DNA synthesis occurs in phase- ---- <<Choices:>> A) G1 B) G2 C) S D) M ---- <<Answer:>>

C

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

Reverse Transcriptase is - A) DNA polymerase B) DNA dependant RNA polymerase C) RNA dependant DNA polymerase D) None

C) RNA dependant DNA polymerase

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

All of the following are true for sarcoidosis except:September 2008 A) Kveim test is the most specific test for sarcoidosis B) Caseating epithelioid granulomas C) Most commonly involves lungs D) Unknown etiology

B) Caseating epithelioid granulomas

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

A pregnant woman at 34 weeks pregnancy, comes with bleeding PN, B. P. 80 : A) Examination in OT and termination of pregnancy B) Blood transfusion C) Observation D) LSCS

B) Blood transfusion

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

Amount of ORS given in a 4 kg child with diarrhea with some dehydration: A) 200 mL B) 300 mL C) 400 mL D) 800 mL

B) 300 mL

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Cherry Red spot is found in all of the following except: ---- <<Choices:>> A) Nimen Picks disease B) GM1 gangliosidosis C) Krabbe's disease D) Multiple sulfatase deficiency ---- <<Answer:>>

C

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> HPV causes ? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Condylomalata B) Condyloma acuminata C) Bubo D) Chancre ---- <<Answer:>>

B

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> An immigrant from the Far East develops malaise, fever, and rigors, followed by upper right quadrant abdominal pain, vomiting, jaundice, and itching. His urine is dark and his feces are pale. Infestation with which of the following parasites is most strongly suggested by this patient's presentation? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Clonorchis sinensis B) Enterobius vermicularis C) Plasmodium ovale D) Taenia solium ---- <<Answer:>>

A

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

Garre's osteomyelitis is A) Chronic B) Usually seen in mandible C) Sclerosis of diaphysis of long bones D) All of the above

D) All of the above

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> A 24 year old underweight woman presents to you with progressive abdominal discomfo, dyspnoea, nausea and vomiting. Abdominal examination revealed cystic enlargement of ovaries. Relevant investigations results are as follows: Hematocrit - 57% Total count - 25000 /mm3 RFT -Impaired LFT - Mildly impaired USG - Massive ascites Serum peak oestradiol- 9000 pg/ ml X ray chest - shows pulmonary oedema History revealed that she had polycystic ovarian disease (PCOD) and was on treatment for infeility. She had received an injection last week from her infeility specialist. What is your diagnosis? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Budd Chiari syndrome B) Meigs syndrome C) Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome D) Pseudomyxoma peritonei ---- <<Answer:>>

C

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Active from of vitamin D is: ---- <<Choices:>> A) Cholecalciferol B) 24, 25 (OH) 2 Vit-D C) 1, 25 (OH) 2 Vit-D D) 25-OH Vit-D ---- <<Answer:>>

C

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> What is the actual intention of doing sentinel surveillance? ---- <<Choices:>> A) To know the total number of cases B) For health planning C) To know the natural history of the disease D) To prevent the disease ---- <<Answer:>>

A

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options:

Q:A 21-year-old female is brought to the emergency department by her roommate. Her roommate says that the patient has been acting “strangely” for the past 10 days. She has noticed that the patient has been moving and talking on the phone at all hours of the night. She doesn’t think that the patient sleeps more than one to two hours a night. She also spends hours pacing up and down the apartment, talking about “trying to save the world.” She also notices that the patient has been speaking very fast. When asking the patient if anything seems different, the patient denies anything wrong, only adding that, “she’s made great progress on her plans." The patient said she has felt like this on one occasion 2 years ago, and she recalled being hospitalized for about 2 weeks. She denies any history of depression, although she said about a year ago she had no energy and had a hard time motivating herself to go to class and see her friends for months. She denies hearing any voices or any visual hallucinations. What is the most likely diagnosis in this patient?? {'A': 'Schizoaffective disorder', 'B': 'Major depressive disorder', 'C': 'Bipolar I disorder', 'D': 'Bipolar II disorder', 'E': 'Dysthymic disorder'},

C: Bipolar I disorder

medical-qa-combined-split2