CodCodingCode/medcialQA-reasoning-V2.1 · Datasets at Hugging Face

instruction stringclasses 8 values	input stringlengths 6 2.69k	output stringlengths 1 34.2k	source stringclasses 3 values
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> An otherwise healthy 57-year-old man presents to the emergency department because of progressive shortness of breath and exercise intolerance for the past 5 days. He denies recent travel or illicit habits. His temperature is 36.7°C (98.1°F), the blood pressure is 88/57 mm Hg, and the pulse is 102/min. The radial pulse becomes so weak with inspiration. Physical examination reveals bilateral 1+ pedal edema. There is jugular venous distention at 13 cm and muffled heart sounds. Transthoracic echocardiogram shows reciprocal respiratory ventricular inflow and ventricular diastolic collapse. Which of the following is the best next step in the management of this patient condition? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Cardiac catheterization B) Pericardiectomy C) Pericardial drainage D) Cardiac MRI ---- <<Answer:>>	C	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Sholy after the administration of an inhalational anesthetic and succinylcholine for intubation prior to an elective inguinal hernia repair in a 10-year-old boy, he becomes markedly febrile, displays a tachycardia of 160, and his urine changes color to a dark red. Which of the following is the most appropriate treatment at this time? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Complete the procedure but pretreat with dantrolene prior to future elective surgery. B) Administer inhalational anesthetic agents. C) Administer succinylcholine D) Hyperventilate with 100% O2 . ---- <<Answer:>>	D	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	The transition between the stomach and duodenum is marked by A) Vein of Mayo B) Hepatoduodenal ligament C) Gastroduodenal aery D) Incisura	A) Vein of Mayo	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Schaumann bodies are seen in - ---- <<Choices:>> A) Sarcoidosis B) Chronic bronchitis C) Asthma D) Syphilis ---- <<Answer:>>	A	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Which of the following drugs is useful in anaphylactic shock: ---- <<Choices:>> A) Isoprenaline B) Adrenaline C) Non–adrenaline D) Terbutaline ---- <<Answer:>>	B	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> What is the depth of the anterior chamber? ---- <<Choices:>> A) 2.5 to 3.5mm B) 3.5mmto4.5mm C) 4.5mm to 5.5mm D) 5.5 mm to 6.5mm ---- <<Answer:>>	A	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Nephrotoxic anaesthetic agent is : A) Halothane B) Isoflurane C) Methoxyflurane D) Nitrous Oxide	C) Methoxyflurane	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Myocardial oxygen demand depends upona) Preloadb) Afterloadc) Intramyocardial tensiond) Blood Hb concentration ---- <<Choices:>> A) ab B) bc C) abc D) bcd ---- <<Answer:>>	C	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	All of the following factor stimulate angiogenesis in a fetus Except: A) Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) B) Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor (bFGF) C) Interleukin - 8 (IL8) D) Interferon Alpha (INFa)	D) Interferon Alpha (INFa)	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Which of the following statements is true for Nigro's regimen: ---- <<Choices:>> A) It is a regimen for anal canal neoplasm B) It incorporates chemotherapy with radiation as an alternative to surgery C) Has the advantage of preserving continence D) All of the above ---- <<Answer:>>	D	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Not true about synovial chondromatosis A) Snow storm appearance of joint B) Most common cause of loose bodies in joint C) Most common in knee joint D) Trauma can lead to synovial chondromatosis	B) Most common cause of loose bodies in joint	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> The ketolide which retain activity against streptococcus pneumoniae that are resistant to macrolide is: ---- <<Choices:>> A) Telithromycin B) Quinupristin C) Lincomycin D) Dalfopristin ---- <<Answer:>>	A	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Boundaries of anatomical snuff box are all except ---- <<Choices:>> A) APL B) EPL C) EPB D) ECU ---- <<Answer:>>	D	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> True about dentition – ---- <<Choices:>> A) Hypothyroidism causes delayed dentition B) Premolar is not seen in primary dentition C) 3rd molar is the last to appear in secondary dentition D) All of these ---- <<Answer:>>	D	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	The capacity of a bullet to cause maximum destruction lies in its: AIIMS 10 A) Size B) Shape C) Weight D) Velocity	D) Velocity	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> The immediate precursor in the formation of acetoacetate from acetyl CoA in the liver is ---- <<Choices:>> A) Mevalonate B) HMG CoA C) Acetoacetyl CoA D) 3-Hydroxybutyryl ---- <<Answer:>>	B	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Growth phase of hair is- A) Anagen B) Metagen C) Telogen D) None	A) Anagen	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Pupillary reflex is controled by which nucleus- ---- <<Choices:>> A) Edinger westphal nucleus B) Nucleus tractus solitarus C) Nucleus ambiguus D) Dorsal vagus nucleus ---- <<Answer:>>	A	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	A patient has an increased antibody titer to delta agent. You would most likely suspect A) Fifth disease B) Susceptibility to chickenpox C) Possible subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) D) Possible hepatitis B infection	D) Possible hepatitis B infection	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> In which of the following malignancies histological grade is a good prognostic indicator? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Melanoma B) Soft tissue sarcoma C) Renal cell carcinoma D) Lung cancer ---- <<Answer:>>	B	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> In cases of Streptococcal pharyngitis, how early should the treatment be initiated to effectively prevent Rheumatic fever? ---- <<Choices:>> A) 7 days B) 8 days C) 9 days D) 10 days ---- <<Answer:>>	C	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	All of the following are the mode of transmission of leprosy except - A) Breast milk B) Blood transfusion C) Transplacental spread D) Droplet infection	B) Blood transfusion	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Which of the following statements is not true for contact ulcer ? ---- <<Choices:>> A) The commonest site is the junction of anterior l/3rd and middle l/3rd of vocal cord and gastroesophageal reflux is the causative factor. B) Can be caused by intubation injury. C) The vocal process is the site and is caused/aggravated by acid reflux. D) Can be caused by adductor dysphonia. ---- <<Answer:>>	A	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Commonest site involved in lleocaecal T.B. A) Intestinal wall B) Lymph node C) Mesentery D) Intestinal mucosa	D) Intestinal mucosa	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Electrons in electron transpo chain travel from: ---- <<Choices:>> A) One way irrespective of the potential B) Low to high potential C) Two way D) High to low potential ---- <<Answer:>>	B	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Terrible triad of O'Douoghue include: ---- <<Choices:>> A) ACL + LCL + PLC B) ACL + PLC + PCL C) ACL + MCL + PLC D) ACL + MCL + medial meniscus tear ---- <<Answer:>>	D	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Most abundant aminoacid in collagen is A) Proline B) Lysine C) Threonine D) Glycine	D) Glycine	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> In which disease a generalized papular rash, fever, conjunctivitis & lesion on buccal mucosa shown below are seen? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Mumps B) Measles C) Chickenpox D) Rubella ---- <<Answer:>>	B	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	In the management of diabetes mellitus, lactic acidosis is caused by which of the following? A) Tolbutamide B) Glipizide C) Pioglitazone D) Metformin	D) Metformin	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Type 1 hypersensitivity reaction differs from type 2 hypersensitivity reaction being? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Type 1 reaction is Ig E mediated B) Type 1 reaction is compliment mediated C) Type 1 reaction is involves opsonization D) All of the above ---- <<Answer:>>	A	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Which of the following is not true about tabes Dorsalis ---- <<Choices:>> A) Seen in Neurosyphillis B) Deep tendon reflexes are brisk C) Loss of vibration sense D) Acute abdominal pain and visceral symptoms ---- <<Answer:>>	B	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> The universal blood recipient group is: ---- <<Choices:>> A) O -Ve B) O +Ve C) AB -Ve D) AB +Ve ---- <<Answer:>>	D	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	A cook is habitual of nose picking while cooking. His clients are at risk for food poisoning with: A) Clostridia difficle B) Staph aureus C) Vibrio cholerae D) Bacillus cereus	B) Staph aureus	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Congenital Rubella syndrome may have the following clinical features, except A) Intrauterine growth retardation B) Neonatal hepatitis C) Congenital cataract D) Hydrocephalus	D) Hydrocephalus	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Most common cause of stridor in infant and young children - ---- <<Choices:>> A) Abductor palsy B) Croup C) Laryngomalacia D) Epiglottitis ---- <<Answer:>>	C	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Biological False l'ositive/ BFP serological test for syphilis may be encountered in: September 2004 A) Viral hepatitis B) SLE C) Leprosy D) All of the above	D) All of the above	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> A teenager has a long history of "daydreaming" in school. EEG reveals evidence of a generalized seizure disorder, but there has never been a history of convulsive muscular activity.For the above patient with clinical symptoms and signs, select the most likely seizure type. ---- <<Choices:>> A) simple partial seizure B) complex partial seizures C) tonic-clonic (grand mal) seizures D) absence (petit mal) seizures ---- <<Answer:>>	D	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Edgeoscopy refers to ---- <<Choices:>> A) Evaluation of fingerprint ridges B) Evaluation of edges of lip print C) Evaluation of edges of foot print D) Evaluation of palatal rugae ---- <<Answer:>>	A	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	True about gap junctions are all, except ? A) Transmit electric signals B) Allow ions to pass C) Intercellular space 1000 nm D) Seen in cardiac muscle	C) Intercellular space 1000 nm	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Medium for growth of anaerobic bacteria ? A) SN medium B) LJ medium C) Blood agar D) All	A) SN medium	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	A sub-center caters to the needs of--population - A) 30000 B) 15000 C) 5000 D) 10000	C) 5000	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Spermin in semen is detected by ? A) Barberio test B) Florence C) ELISA D) Agglutination inhibition	A) Barberio test	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Which is the investigation of choice for a sports injury of the knee - A) Ultrasonography B) Plain radiography C) Arthrography D) Arthroscopy	D) Arthroscopy	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Latest drug used for treatment of MDR TB patients is ? A) Bedaquiline B) Amithiozone C) Capreomycin D) Linezolid	A) Bedaquiline	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> The endotoxin of the following gram negative bacteria does not play any pa in the pathogenesis of the natural disease - ---- <<Choices:>> A) Escherichia coli B) Klebseilla spp. C) Vibrio cholerae D) Pseudomonas aeruginosa ---- <<Answer:>>	C	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Genital ulcer is seen in A/E – A) Granuloma inguinale B) Syphillis C) LGV D) Donovanosis	C) LGV	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Raju, a 30–year–old male presents to the OPD with sudden onset pain, swelling and redness of the left first metatarsophalangeal joint. A needle aspirate of the joint shows needle-shaped, negatively birefringent crystals. The physician prescribed a drug for the patient, but he came back next day with nausea, vomiting and diarrhea after taking the medication. Which of the following is the most likely drug that was prescribed to this patient ? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Allopurinol B) Colchicine C) Steroids D) Indomethacin ---- <<Answer:>>	B	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> A 28-year-old male complains of glare in both eyes. The cornea shows whorl-like opacities of the epithelium. He also gave a history of long-term treatment with amiodarone. The most likely diagnosis is – ---- <<Choices:>> A) Terrain's marginal degeneration B) Cornea verticillata C) Band shaped keratophathy D) Arcus juvenalis ---- <<Answer:>>	B	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Deformity with decreased carrying angle is - ---- <<Choices:>> A) Cubitus varus B) Mannus varus C) Cubitus valgus D) Mannus valgus ---- <<Answer:>>	A	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Regarding Anopheles mosquito true is all EXCEPT: A) Eggs are laid singly on water B) Larva don't have siphon C) Wings are spotted D) Pupa don't have siphon	D) Pupa don't have siphon	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Pulsatile otorrhoea is seen in: ---- <<Choices:>> A) Glomus tumour B) CSF otorrhea C) ASOM D) Fistula ---- <<Answer:>>	C	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Influenzae virus belongs to which family? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Paramyxovirus B) Orthomyxovirus C) Bunyaviridae D) Togaviridae ---- <<Answer:>>	B	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> A person who has drunk the anti-freeze of his car is likely to have - ---- <<Choices:>> A) Metabolic alkalosis with normal anion gap B) Metabolic acidosis with increased anion gap C) Metabolic alkalosis D) Respiratory alkalosis ---- <<Answer:>>	B	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> A 27-year-old man presents to the emergency room with persistent fever, nausea, and vomiting for the past 3 days. While waiting to be seen, he quickly becomes disoriented and agitated. Upon examination, he has visible signs of difficulty breathing with copious oral secretions and generalized muscle twitching. The patient’s temperature is 104°F (40°C), blood pressure is 90/64 mmHg, pulse is 88/min, and respirations are 18/min with an oxygen saturation of 90% on room air. When the nurse tries to place a nasal cannula, the patient becomes fearful and combative. The patient is sedated and placed on mechanical ventilation. Which of the following is a risk factor for the patient’s most likely diagnosis? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Contaminated beef B) Epiglottic cyst C) Mosquito bite D) Spelunking ---- <<Answer:>>	D	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Saddle nose is ? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Depressed nose B) Crooked nose C) Deted nose D) C-shaped ---- <<Answer:>>	A	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Extension of enamel cord to meet the outer enamel epithelium is known as: A) Enamel knot. B) Enamel cord. C) Enamel septum. D) Enamel navel.	C) Enamel septum.	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Lead aprons of ___ mm will reduce the intensity of scattered X -rays over ____ per cent and should be worn by all workers regularly associated with X-ray procedures. ---- <<Choices:>> A) 0.2 and 60 B) 0.3 and 70 C) 0.4 and 80 D) 0.5 and 90 ---- <<Answer:>>	D	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Golgi tendon organ helps in detection A) Muscle length B) Reflex muscle tension C) Nutrional status D) Excretory function	B) Reflex muscle tension	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Dopamine acts on D2 receptors that have an inhibitory effect on prolactin secretion. Now if D2 receptors are blocked, which of the following effects will not be seen: A) Visual disturbance B) Gonadal dysfunction C) Headache D) Excessive lactation	A) Visual disturbance	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Which of the following is not an indication of secondary nerve repair: A) Syndrome of irritation B) Division of nerve by sharp object C) Delayed presentation of nerve injury D) Syndrome of incomplete interruption	B) Division of nerve by sharp object	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Lung volume reduction surgery is used in the management of A) Bronchial asthma B) Interstitial lung disease C) Chronic bronchitis D) Emphysema	D) Emphysema	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> A 48-yrs-old male alcoholic with bilateral gynecomastia. Which physical findings has cirrhosis has the same pathogenesis as gynecomastia? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Caput medusa B) Asterixis C) Ascites D) Spider angioma ---- <<Answer:>>	D	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Lewis triple response is caused due to ---- <<Choices:>> A) Histamine B) Axon reflex C) Injury to endothelium D) Increased permeability ---- <<Answer:>>	A	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Deep Brain Stimulation of which part of brain has been shown to reduce frequency of symptoms in Parkinsonism- ---- <<Choices:>> A) Striatus B) Globus Pallidus Externus C) Subthalamic nucleus D) Putamen ---- <<Answer:>>	C	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> High stepping gait is due to- ---- <<Choices:>> A) Quadriceps paralysis B) Foot drop C) Gluteus maximum paralysis D) CDH ---- <<Answer:>>	B	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	True about diveiculitis A) Occur at any age B) Often incidental finding at operation C) Young patient has more aggressive disease D) Left sided colon involvement is more common	D) Left sided colon involvement is more common	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Which enzyme is irreversibly inhibited by aspirin? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Lipooxygenase B) Cyclooxygenase C) Thromboxane synthase D) Phospholipase ---- <<Answer:>>	B	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Infants of diabetic mother manifests all except ---- <<Choices:>> A) Hyperglycemia B) Hypoglycemia C) Hypocalcemia D) Increased fetal defect ---- <<Answer:>>	A	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options:	Q:A 25-year-old male patient presents to your clinic in significant distress. He states he has excruciating, stabbing pain around the left side of his head, and his left eye will not stop tearing. These types of headaches have been occurring for the past week every morning when he awakens and last around 60 minutes. He denies any aura, nausea, or vomiting. He denies any other past medical history. What is this patient's diagnosis?? {'A': 'Migraine headache', 'B': 'Cluster headache', 'C': 'Chronic paroxysmal hemicrania (CPH)', 'D': 'Short-lasting unilateral neuralgiform headaches with conjunctival injection and tearing (SUNCT) syndrome', 'E': 'Trigeminal neuralgia'},	B: Cluster headache	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Antimalarial month is- ---- <<Choices:>> A) April B) May C) September D) June ---- <<Answer:>>	D	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	An otherwise healthy patient who has just received a prosthetic aoic valve develops postoperative fever. Blood cultures are done and she is placed on broad-spectrum antibiotics. Two days later she is still febrile and clinically deteriorating. Which of the following organisms is the most probable etiologic agent? A) Actinomyces israelii B) Candida albicans C) Histoplasma capsulatum D) Nocardia asteroides	B) Candida albicans	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Which of the following is true about Wernicke's encephalopathy A) Extrapyramidal symptoms B) Auditory hallucinations C) Vagus nerve palsy D) Presence of horizontal nystagmus	D) Presence of horizontal nystagmus	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Laminar flow is dependent ona) Critical velocityb) Viscosityc) Constant velocityd) Critical closing pressure ---- <<Choices:>> A) ab B) a C) ad D) bc ---- <<Answer:>>	A	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Hyperplastic aeriolitis with nerotizing aeriolitis is seen in - ---- <<Choices:>> A) B uerger 's disease B) Benign hypeension C) Malignant hypeension D) Diabetes ---- <<Answer:>>	C	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Which of the following can cause acute diarrhea through inflammatory changes in intestine induced by cytokine release? ---- <<Choices:>> A) V. cholerae B) EHEC C) Staphylococcus aureus D) All of the above ---- <<Answer:>>	B	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Accurate and rapid identification of individuals with tuberculosis (TB) is crucial to accomplishing the goal of the World Health Organization (WHO) to eliminate this disease. One of the key strategies for the detection of TB is the use of tuberculin skin testing as a globally pertinent screening method, due to its low cost and technical simplicity. A study from Brazil demonstrated 76.7% accuracy, 67.9% sensitivity, 84.4% specificity, 79.1% positive predictive value, and 75% negative predictive value when using 5-mm skin elevation as a threshold, or cut-off, point for the screening test (following intradermal injection). Lowering the cut-off point to 4 mm would also result in an increase in which test property? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Convergent validity B) Discriminant validity C) Negative predictive value D) Test specificity ---- <<Answer:>>	C	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> A 38-year-old man presents to the clinic for complaints of abdominal pain and diarrhea. He reports a long-standing history of the symptoms except for the time when he attempted a carbohydrate-free diet 5 years ago. The pain is described as stabbing, diffuse, 8/10, and is especially worse following food intake. Recently, he noticed some numbness and tingling of his feet but denies any bloody stool, nausea, vomiting, fevers, weight loss, or focal neurological deficits. What histopathological findings would you expect to find in this patient? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Blunting of the intestinal villi at the ileum B) Crypt abscesses at the descending colon C) Noncaseating granulomas at the ileum D) Normal gastric mucosa at the jejunum ---- <<Answer:>>	A	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Pagets disease of breast is associated with which of the following? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Ductal carcinoma in situ B) Lobular carcinoma in situ C) Phyllodes tumor D) Mondors disease ---- <<Answer:>>	A	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> A medical student, whose baseline alveolar PCO2 level was 40 mm Hg, begins to voluntarily hyperventilate for an experiment during his respiratory physiology laboratory. If his alveolar ventilation quadruples and his CO2 production remains constant, approximately what will be his alveolar PCO2? ---- <<Choices:>> A) 4 mm Hg B) 10 mm Hg C) 20 mm Hg D) 80 mm Hg ---- <<Answer:>>	B	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	CSF rhinorrhea is seen in -a) Lefort's # type Ib) Nasal #c) Nasoethmoid #d) Frontozygomatic # A) abc B) bcd C) ac D) bd	B) bcd	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	The following conditions are indicative of surgery in acute pancreatitis -a) Acute fluid collectionb) Persistent pseudocyst pancreasc) Pancreatic abscessd) Infective pancreatic necrosis A) c B) d C) ab D) bd	D) bd	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Kuppuswami's classification of socio economic status is based on all of the following indices, EXCEPT: ---- <<Choices:>> A) Income B) Occupation C) Education D) House type ---- <<Answer:>>	D	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Stool examination is required for diagnosis of infection with ---- <<Choices:>> A) Staphylococcus aureus B) Clostridia C) Shigella D) Campylobacter ---- <<Answer:>>	A	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> The diagnosis of a patient presenting with familial Polyostosis, Precocious pubey and Pigmentation is: ---- <<Choices:>> A) Tuberous sclerosis B) McCune Albright syndrome C) Klinefelter syndrome D) SLE ---- <<Answer:>>	B	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Anita 15-year-old, complains of heavy periods since 2 months. O/E: wt 40 kg and BP 120/80 mmHg. All of the following investigations are indicated, except: ---- <<Choices:>> A) STSH B) Platelet count C) Bleeding and clotting time D) Estradiol levels ---- <<Answer:>>	D	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> A village has population of 150000 on 1st July. Total TB cases on January 1st was 200. There were 50 new cases of TB during that years. Total 25 patients of TB was cured during that period. What is the Incidence of TB- ---- <<Choices:>> A) 25 per lac B) 50 per lac C) 16.5 per lac D) 33 per lac ---- <<Answer:>>	D	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Which organ is the primary site of hematopoiesis in the fetus before midpregnancy ---- <<Choices:>> A) Bone B) Liver C) Spleen D) Lung ---- <<Answer:>>	B	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Rett's syndrome is characterized by all except: A) Regression of acquired sills B) Breath holding spells C) Autistic behavior D) Macrocephaly	D) Macrocephaly	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Burst abdomen usually occurs on which post operative day A) 3-Jan B) 8-Jun C) 12-Oct D) 15- 18	B) 8-Jun	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Serum alkaline phosphatase level is normal in: A) Multiple myeloma. B) Paget's disease. C) Fibrous dysplasia. D) All of the above.	A) Multiple myeloma.	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Which of the following statements about terbinafine is false ---- <<Choices:>> A) Its activity is restricted to dermatophytes B) It is effective in onchomyosis C) It inhibits squalene epoxidase D) It is used topically only ---- <<Answer:>>	D	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> A 67-year-old man presents with pain in both legs. He says the pain is intermittent in nature and has been present for approx. 6 months. The pain increases with walking, especially downhill, and prolonged standing. It is relieved by lying down and leaning forward. Past medical history is significant for type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypercholesterolemia, and osteoarthritis. The patient reports a 56-pack-year history but denies any alcohol or recreational drug use. His vital signs include: blood pressure 142/88 mm Hg, pulse 88/min, respiratory rate 14/min, temperature 37°C (98.6°F). On physical examination, the patient is alert and oriented. Muscle strength is 5/5 in his upper and lower extremities bilaterally. Babinski and Romberg tests are negative. Pulses measure 2+ in upper and lower extremities bilaterally. Which of the following is the next best step in the management of this patient? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Ankle-brachial index B) Cilostazol C) CT angiography of the lower extremities D) MRI of the spine ---- <<Answer:>>	D	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Integrated Management of Neonatal and Childhood Illness (IMNCI) includes all except - A) Malaria B) Respiratory infections C) Diarrhoea D) Tuberculosis	D) Tuberculosis	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Treatment of choice for simple cyst of liver: A) Percutaneous drainage B) Cysto-enterostomy C) Deroofing D) Aspiration	C) Deroofing	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	Best radiographic view for fracture of C1, C2 veebrae is - A) AP view B) Odontoid view C) Lateral view D) Oblique view	B) Odontoid view	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Erenumab was approved by FDA in 2018 for ---- <<Choices:>> A) Phenylketonuria B) Migraine C) Hypeension D) Glycogen storage disorders ---- <<Answer:>>	B	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> A 62-year-old female presents to her primary care physician complaining of bloody stool. She reports several episodes of bloody stools over the past two months as well as a feeling of a mass near her anus. She has one to two non-painful bowel movements per day. She has a history of alcohol abuse and hypertension. Anoscopy reveals engorged vessels. Which of the following vessels most likely drains blood from the affected region? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Superior rectal vein B) Inferior rectal vein C) Middle rectal vein D) Left colic vein ---- <<Answer:>>	A	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	A pregnant women presents for prenatal care. Her past medical history is significant for a severe illness 3 years ago characterized by fatigue, nausea, anorexia, vomiting, jaundice, joint pains, and generalized skin lesions that slowly disappeareD. She has felt well recently. Which lab test should be ordered to investigate the patient's past illness? A) Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) B) IgG cytomegalovirus (CMV) antibody levels C) IgM antibody to HBsAg D) IgM antibody to hepatitis B core antigen	A) Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct option:	True about Lesch Nyhan Syndrome: A) Patient have normal intellectual capacity B) Pyrimidine overproduction is the cause C) Uric acid stones are frequently formed D) X- Linked dominant	C) Uric acid stones are frequently formed	medical-qa-combined-split2
Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:	<<Question:>> Treatment of choice for congenital cataract is – ---- <<Choices:>> A) Pharmacotherapy B) Combined cataract surgery and Goniotomy C) Cataract surgery with IOL implant and primary posterior capsulotomy D) Pars plana lensectomy with no IOL implant ---- <<Answer:>>	C	medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> An otherwise healthy 57-year-old man presents to the emergency department because of progressive shortness of breath and exercise intolerance for the past 5 days. He denies recent travel or illicit habits. His temperature is 36.7°C (98.1°F), the blood pressure is 88/57 mm Hg, and the pulse is 102/min. The radial pulse becomes so weak with inspiration. Physical examination reveals bilateral 1+ pedal edema. There is jugular venous distention at 13 cm and muffled heart sounds. Transthoracic echocardiogram shows reciprocal respiratory ventricular inflow and ventricular diastolic collapse. Which of the following is the best next step in the management of this patient condition? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Cardiac catheterization B) Pericardiectomy C) Pericardial drainage D) Cardiac MRI ---- <<Answer:>>

C

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Sholy after the administration of an inhalational anesthetic and succinylcholine for intubation prior to an elective inguinal hernia repair in a 10-year-old boy, he becomes markedly febrile, displays a tachycardia of 160, and his urine changes color to a dark red. Which of the following is the most appropriate treatment at this time? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Complete the procedure but pretreat with dantrolene prior to future elective surgery. B) Administer inhalational anesthetic agents. C) Administer succinylcholine D) Hyperventilate with 100% O2 . ---- <<Answer:>>

D

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

The transition between the stomach and duodenum is marked by A) Vein of Mayo B) Hepatoduodenal ligament C) Gastroduodenal aery D) Incisura

A) Vein of Mayo

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Schaumann bodies are seen in - ---- <<Choices:>> A) Sarcoidosis B) Chronic bronchitis C) Asthma D) Syphilis ---- <<Answer:>>

A

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Which of the following drugs is useful in anaphylactic shock: ---- <<Choices:>> A) Isoprenaline B) Adrenaline C) Non–adrenaline D) Terbutaline ---- <<Answer:>>

B

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> What is the depth of the anterior chamber? ---- <<Choices:>> A) 2.5 to 3.5mm B) 3.5mmto4.5mm C) 4.5mm to 5.5mm D) 5.5 mm to 6.5mm ---- <<Answer:>>

A

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

Nephrotoxic anaesthetic agent is : A) Halothane B) Isoflurane C) Methoxyflurane D) Nitrous Oxide

C) Methoxyflurane

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Myocardial oxygen demand depends upona) Preloadb) Afterloadc) Intramyocardial tensiond) Blood Hb concentration ---- <<Choices:>> A) ab B) bc C) abc D) bcd ---- <<Answer:>>

C

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

All of the following factor stimulate angiogenesis in a fetus Except: A) Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) B) Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor (bFGF) C) Interleukin - 8 (IL8) D) Interferon Alpha (INFa)

D) Interferon Alpha (INFa)

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Which of the following statements is true for Nigro's regimen: ---- <<Choices:>> A) It is a regimen for anal canal neoplasm B) It incorporates chemotherapy with radiation as an alternative to surgery C) Has the advantage of preserving continence D) All of the above ---- <<Answer:>>

D

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

Not true about synovial chondromatosis A) Snow storm appearance of joint B) Most common cause of loose bodies in joint C) Most common in knee joint D) Trauma can lead to synovial chondromatosis

B) Most common cause of loose bodies in joint

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> The ketolide which retain activity against streptococcus pneumoniae that are resistant to macrolide is: ---- <<Choices:>> A) Telithromycin B) Quinupristin C) Lincomycin D) Dalfopristin ---- <<Answer:>>

A

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Boundaries of anatomical snuff box are all except ---- <<Choices:>> A) APL B) EPL C) EPB D) ECU ---- <<Answer:>>

D

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> True about dentition – ---- <<Choices:>> A) Hypothyroidism causes delayed dentition B) Premolar is not seen in primary dentition C) 3rd molar is the last to appear in secondary dentition D) All of these ---- <<Answer:>>

D

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

The capacity of a bullet to cause maximum destruction lies in its: AIIMS 10 A) Size B) Shape C) Weight D) Velocity

D) Velocity

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> The immediate precursor in the formation of acetoacetate from acetyl CoA in the liver is ---- <<Choices:>> A) Mevalonate B) HMG CoA C) Acetoacetyl CoA D) 3-Hydroxybutyryl ---- <<Answer:>>

B

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

Growth phase of hair is- A) Anagen B) Metagen C) Telogen D) None

A) Anagen

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Pupillary reflex is controled by which nucleus- ---- <<Choices:>> A) Edinger westphal nucleus B) Nucleus tractus solitarus C) Nucleus ambiguus D) Dorsal vagus nucleus ---- <<Answer:>>

A

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

A patient has an increased antibody titer to delta agent. You would most likely suspect A) Fifth disease B) Susceptibility to chickenpox C) Possible subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) D) Possible hepatitis B infection

D) Possible hepatitis B infection

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> In which of the following malignancies histological grade is a good prognostic indicator? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Melanoma B) Soft tissue sarcoma C) Renal cell carcinoma D) Lung cancer ---- <<Answer:>>

B

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> In cases of Streptococcal pharyngitis, how early should the treatment be initiated to effectively prevent Rheumatic fever? ---- <<Choices:>> A) 7 days B) 8 days C) 9 days D) 10 days ---- <<Answer:>>

C

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

All of the following are the mode of transmission of leprosy except - A) Breast milk B) Blood transfusion C) Transplacental spread D) Droplet infection

B) Blood transfusion

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Which of the following statements is not true for contact ulcer ? ---- <<Choices:>> A) The commonest site is the junction of anterior l/3rd and middle l/3rd of vocal cord and gastroesophageal reflux is the causative factor. B) Can be caused by intubation injury. C) The vocal process is the site and is caused/aggravated by acid reflux. D) Can be caused by adductor dysphonia. ---- <<Answer:>>

A

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

Commonest site involved in lleocaecal T.B. A) Intestinal wall B) Lymph node C) Mesentery D) Intestinal mucosa

D) Intestinal mucosa

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Electrons in electron transpo chain travel from: ---- <<Choices:>> A) One way irrespective of the potential B) Low to high potential C) Two way D) High to low potential ---- <<Answer:>>

B

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Terrible triad of O'Douoghue include: ---- <<Choices:>> A) ACL + LCL + PLC B) ACL + PLC + PCL C) ACL + MCL + PLC D) ACL + MCL + medial meniscus tear ---- <<Answer:>>

D

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

Most abundant aminoacid in collagen is A) Proline B) Lysine C) Threonine D) Glycine

D) Glycine

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> In which disease a generalized papular rash, fever, conjunctivitis & lesion on buccal mucosa shown below are seen? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Mumps B) Measles C) Chickenpox D) Rubella ---- <<Answer:>>

B

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

In the management of diabetes mellitus, lactic acidosis is caused by which of the following? A) Tolbutamide B) Glipizide C) Pioglitazone D) Metformin

D) Metformin

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Type 1 hypersensitivity reaction differs from type 2 hypersensitivity reaction being? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Type 1 reaction is Ig E mediated B) Type 1 reaction is compliment mediated C) Type 1 reaction is involves opsonization D) All of the above ---- <<Answer:>>

A

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Which of the following is not true about tabes Dorsalis ---- <<Choices:>> A) Seen in Neurosyphillis B) Deep tendon reflexes are brisk C) Loss of vibration sense D) Acute abdominal pain and visceral symptoms ---- <<Answer:>>

B

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> The universal blood recipient group is: ---- <<Choices:>> A) O -Ve B) O +Ve C) AB -Ve D) AB +Ve ---- <<Answer:>>

D

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

A cook is habitual of nose picking while cooking. His clients are at risk for food poisoning with: A) Clostridia difficle B) Staph aureus C) Vibrio cholerae D) Bacillus cereus

B) Staph aureus

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

Congenital Rubella syndrome may have the following clinical features, except A) Intrauterine growth retardation B) Neonatal hepatitis C) Congenital cataract D) Hydrocephalus

D) Hydrocephalus

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Most common cause of stridor in infant and young children - ---- <<Choices:>> A) Abductor palsy B) Croup C) Laryngomalacia D) Epiglottitis ---- <<Answer:>>

C

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

Biological False l'ositive/ BFP serological test for syphilis may be encountered in: September 2004 A) Viral hepatitis B) SLE C) Leprosy D) All of the above

D) All of the above

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> A teenager has a long history of "daydreaming" in school. EEG reveals evidence of a generalized seizure disorder, but there has never been a history of convulsive muscular activity.For the above patient with clinical symptoms and signs, select the most likely seizure type. ---- <<Choices:>> A) simple partial seizure B) complex partial seizures C) tonic-clonic (grand mal) seizures D) absence (petit mal) seizures ---- <<Answer:>>

D

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Edgeoscopy refers to ---- <<Choices:>> A) Evaluation of fingerprint ridges B) Evaluation of edges of lip print C) Evaluation of edges of foot print D) Evaluation of palatal rugae ---- <<Answer:>>

A

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

True about gap junctions are all, except ? A) Transmit electric signals B) Allow ions to pass C) Intercellular space 1000 nm D) Seen in cardiac muscle

C) Intercellular space 1000 nm

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

Medium for growth of anaerobic bacteria ? A) SN medium B) LJ medium C) Blood agar D) All

A) SN medium

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

A sub-center caters to the needs of--population - A) 30000 B) 15000 C) 5000 D) 10000

C) 5000

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

Spermin in semen is detected by ? A) Barberio test B) Florence C) ELISA D) Agglutination inhibition

A) Barberio test

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

Which is the investigation of choice for a sports injury of the knee - A) Ultrasonography B) Plain radiography C) Arthrography D) Arthroscopy

D) Arthroscopy

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

Latest drug used for treatment of MDR TB patients is ? A) Bedaquiline B) Amithiozone C) Capreomycin D) Linezolid

A) Bedaquiline

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> The endotoxin of the following gram negative bacteria does not play any pa in the pathogenesis of the natural disease - ---- <<Choices:>> A) Escherichia coli B) Klebseilla spp. C) Vibrio cholerae D) Pseudomonas aeruginosa ---- <<Answer:>>

C

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

Genital ulcer is seen in A/E – A) Granuloma inguinale B) Syphillis C) LGV D) Donovanosis

C) LGV

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Raju, a 30–year–old male presents to the OPD with sudden onset pain, swelling and redness of the left first metatarsophalangeal joint. A needle aspirate of the joint shows needle-shaped, negatively birefringent crystals. The physician prescribed a drug for the patient, but he came back next day with nausea, vomiting and diarrhea after taking the medication. Which of the following is the most likely drug that was prescribed to this patient ? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Allopurinol B) Colchicine C) Steroids D) Indomethacin ---- <<Answer:>>

B

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> A 28-year-old male complains of glare in both eyes. The cornea shows whorl-like opacities of the epithelium. He also gave a history of long-term treatment with amiodarone. The most likely diagnosis is – ---- <<Choices:>> A) Terrain's marginal degeneration B) Cornea verticillata C) Band shaped keratophathy D) Arcus juvenalis ---- <<Answer:>>

B

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Deformity with decreased carrying angle is - ---- <<Choices:>> A) Cubitus varus B) Mannus varus C) Cubitus valgus D) Mannus valgus ---- <<Answer:>>

A

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

Regarding Anopheles mosquito true is all EXCEPT: A) Eggs are laid singly on water B) Larva don't have siphon C) Wings are spotted D) Pupa don't have siphon

D) Pupa don't have siphon

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Pulsatile otorrhoea is seen in: ---- <<Choices:>> A) Glomus tumour B) CSF otorrhea C) ASOM D) Fistula ---- <<Answer:>>

C

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Influenzae virus belongs to which family? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Paramyxovirus B) Orthomyxovirus C) Bunyaviridae D) Togaviridae ---- <<Answer:>>

B

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> A person who has drunk the anti-freeze of his car is likely to have - ---- <<Choices:>> A) Metabolic alkalosis with normal anion gap B) Metabolic acidosis with increased anion gap C) Metabolic alkalosis D) Respiratory alkalosis ---- <<Answer:>>

B

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> A 27-year-old man presents to the emergency room with persistent fever, nausea, and vomiting for the past 3 days. While waiting to be seen, he quickly becomes disoriented and agitated. Upon examination, he has visible signs of difficulty breathing with copious oral secretions and generalized muscle twitching. The patient’s temperature is 104°F (40°C), blood pressure is 90/64 mmHg, pulse is 88/min, and respirations are 18/min with an oxygen saturation of 90% on room air. When the nurse tries to place a nasal cannula, the patient becomes fearful and combative. The patient is sedated and placed on mechanical ventilation. Which of the following is a risk factor for the patient’s most likely diagnosis? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Contaminated beef B) Epiglottic cyst C) Mosquito bite D) Spelunking ---- <<Answer:>>

D

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Saddle nose is ? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Depressed nose B) Crooked nose C) Deted nose D) C-shaped ---- <<Answer:>>

A

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

Extension of enamel cord to meet the outer enamel epithelium is known as: A) Enamel knot. B) Enamel cord. C) Enamel septum. D) Enamel navel.

C) Enamel septum.

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Lead aprons of ___ mm will reduce the intensity of scattered X -rays over ____ per cent and should be worn by all workers regularly associated with X-ray procedures. ---- <<Choices:>> A) 0.2 and 60 B) 0.3 and 70 C) 0.4 and 80 D) 0.5 and 90 ---- <<Answer:>>

D

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

Golgi tendon organ helps in detection A) Muscle length B) Reflex muscle tension C) Nutrional status D) Excretory function

B) Reflex muscle tension

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

Dopamine acts on D2 receptors that have an inhibitory effect on prolactin secretion. Now if D2 receptors are blocked, which of the following effects will not be seen: A) Visual disturbance B) Gonadal dysfunction C) Headache D) Excessive lactation

A) Visual disturbance

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

Which of the following is not an indication of secondary nerve repair: A) Syndrome of irritation B) Division of nerve by sharp object C) Delayed presentation of nerve injury D) Syndrome of incomplete interruption

B) Division of nerve by sharp object

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

Lung volume reduction surgery is used in the management of A) Bronchial asthma B) Interstitial lung disease C) Chronic bronchitis D) Emphysema

D) Emphysema

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> A 48-yrs-old male alcoholic with bilateral gynecomastia. Which physical findings has cirrhosis has the same pathogenesis as gynecomastia? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Caput medusa B) Asterixis C) Ascites D) Spider angioma ---- <<Answer:>>

D

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Lewis triple response is caused due to ---- <<Choices:>> A) Histamine B) Axon reflex C) Injury to endothelium D) Increased permeability ---- <<Answer:>>

A

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Deep Brain Stimulation of which part of brain has been shown to reduce frequency of symptoms in Parkinsonism- ---- <<Choices:>> A) Striatus B) Globus Pallidus Externus C) Subthalamic nucleus D) Putamen ---- <<Answer:>>

C

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> High stepping gait is due to- ---- <<Choices:>> A) Quadriceps paralysis B) Foot drop C) Gluteus maximum paralysis D) CDH ---- <<Answer:>>

B

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

True about diveiculitis A) Occur at any age B) Often incidental finding at operation C) Young patient has more aggressive disease D) Left sided colon involvement is more common

D) Left sided colon involvement is more common

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Which enzyme is irreversibly inhibited by aspirin? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Lipooxygenase B) Cyclooxygenase C) Thromboxane synthase D) Phospholipase ---- <<Answer:>>

B

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Infants of diabetic mother manifests all except ---- <<Choices:>> A) Hyperglycemia B) Hypoglycemia C) Hypocalcemia D) Increased fetal defect ---- <<Answer:>>

A

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options:

Q:A 25-year-old male patient presents to your clinic in significant distress. He states he has excruciating, stabbing pain around the left side of his head, and his left eye will not stop tearing. These types of headaches have been occurring for the past week every morning when he awakens and last around 60 minutes. He denies any aura, nausea, or vomiting. He denies any other past medical history. What is this patient's diagnosis?? {'A': 'Migraine headache', 'B': 'Cluster headache', 'C': 'Chronic paroxysmal hemicrania (CPH)', 'D': 'Short-lasting unilateral neuralgiform headaches with conjunctival injection and tearing (SUNCT) syndrome', 'E': 'Trigeminal neuralgia'},

B: Cluster headache

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Antimalarial month is- ---- <<Choices:>> A) April B) May C) September D) June ---- <<Answer:>>

D

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

An otherwise healthy patient who has just received a prosthetic aoic valve develops postoperative fever. Blood cultures are done and she is placed on broad-spectrum antibiotics. Two days later she is still febrile and clinically deteriorating. Which of the following organisms is the most probable etiologic agent? A) Actinomyces israelii B) Candida albicans C) Histoplasma capsulatum D) Nocardia asteroides

B) Candida albicans

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

Which of the following is true about Wernicke's encephalopathy A) Extrapyramidal symptoms B) Auditory hallucinations C) Vagus nerve palsy D) Presence of horizontal nystagmus

D) Presence of horizontal nystagmus

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Laminar flow is dependent ona) Critical velocityb) Viscosityc) Constant velocityd) Critical closing pressure ---- <<Choices:>> A) ab B) a C) ad D) bc ---- <<Answer:>>

A

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Hyperplastic aeriolitis with nerotizing aeriolitis is seen in - ---- <<Choices:>> A) B uerger 's disease B) Benign hypeension C) Malignant hypeension D) Diabetes ---- <<Answer:>>

C

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Which of the following can cause acute diarrhea through inflammatory changes in intestine induced by cytokine release? ---- <<Choices:>> A) V. cholerae B) EHEC C) Staphylococcus aureus D) All of the above ---- <<Answer:>>

B

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Accurate and rapid identification of individuals with tuberculosis (TB) is crucial to accomplishing the goal of the World Health Organization (WHO) to eliminate this disease. One of the key strategies for the detection of TB is the use of tuberculin skin testing as a globally pertinent screening method, due to its low cost and technical simplicity. A study from Brazil demonstrated 76.7% accuracy, 67.9% sensitivity, 84.4% specificity, 79.1% positive predictive value, and 75% negative predictive value when using 5-mm skin elevation as a threshold, or cut-off, point for the screening test (following intradermal injection). Lowering the cut-off point to 4 mm would also result in an increase in which test property? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Convergent validity B) Discriminant validity C) Negative predictive value D) Test specificity ---- <<Answer:>>

C

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> A 38-year-old man presents to the clinic for complaints of abdominal pain and diarrhea. He reports a long-standing history of the symptoms except for the time when he attempted a carbohydrate-free diet 5 years ago. The pain is described as stabbing, diffuse, 8/10, and is especially worse following food intake. Recently, he noticed some numbness and tingling of his feet but denies any bloody stool, nausea, vomiting, fevers, weight loss, or focal neurological deficits. What histopathological findings would you expect to find in this patient? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Blunting of the intestinal villi at the ileum B) Crypt abscesses at the descending colon C) Noncaseating granulomas at the ileum D) Normal gastric mucosa at the jejunum ---- <<Answer:>>

A

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Pagets disease of breast is associated with which of the following? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Ductal carcinoma in situ B) Lobular carcinoma in situ C) Phyllodes tumor D) Mondors disease ---- <<Answer:>>

A

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> A medical student, whose baseline alveolar PCO2 level was 40 mm Hg, begins to voluntarily hyperventilate for an experiment during his respiratory physiology laboratory. If his alveolar ventilation quadruples and his CO2 production remains constant, approximately what will be his alveolar PCO2? ---- <<Choices:>> A) 4 mm Hg B) 10 mm Hg C) 20 mm Hg D) 80 mm Hg ---- <<Answer:>>

B

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

CSF rhinorrhea is seen in -a) Lefort's # type Ib) Nasal #c) Nasoethmoid #d) Frontozygomatic # A) abc B) bcd C) ac D) bd

B) bcd

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

The following conditions are indicative of surgery in acute pancreatitis -a) Acute fluid collectionb) Persistent pseudocyst pancreasc) Pancreatic abscessd) Infective pancreatic necrosis A) c B) d C) ab D) bd

D) bd

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Kuppuswami's classification of socio economic status is based on all of the following indices, EXCEPT: ---- <<Choices:>> A) Income B) Occupation C) Education D) House type ---- <<Answer:>>

D

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Stool examination is required for diagnosis of infection with ---- <<Choices:>> A) Staphylococcus aureus B) Clostridia C) Shigella D) Campylobacter ---- <<Answer:>>

A

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> The diagnosis of a patient presenting with familial Polyostosis, Precocious pubey and Pigmentation is: ---- <<Choices:>> A) Tuberous sclerosis B) McCune Albright syndrome C) Klinefelter syndrome D) SLE ---- <<Answer:>>

B

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Anita 15-year-old, complains of heavy periods since 2 months. O/E: wt 40 kg and BP 120/80 mmHg. All of the following investigations are indicated, except: ---- <<Choices:>> A) STSH B) Platelet count C) Bleeding and clotting time D) Estradiol levels ---- <<Answer:>>

D

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> A village has population of 150000 on 1st July. Total TB cases on January 1st was 200. There were 50 new cases of TB during that years. Total 25 patients of TB was cured during that period. What is the Incidence of TB- ---- <<Choices:>> A) 25 per lac B) 50 per lac C) 16.5 per lac D) 33 per lac ---- <<Answer:>>

D

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Which organ is the primary site of hematopoiesis in the fetus before midpregnancy ---- <<Choices:>> A) Bone B) Liver C) Spleen D) Lung ---- <<Answer:>>

B

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

Rett's syndrome is characterized by all except: A) Regression of acquired sills B) Breath holding spells C) Autistic behavior D) Macrocephaly

D) Macrocephaly

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

Burst abdomen usually occurs on which post operative day A) 3-Jan B) 8-Jun C) 12-Oct D) 15- 18

B) 8-Jun

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

Serum alkaline phosphatase level is normal in: A) Multiple myeloma. B) Paget's disease. C) Fibrous dysplasia. D) All of the above.

A) Multiple myeloma.

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Which of the following statements about terbinafine is false ---- <<Choices:>> A) Its activity is restricted to dermatophytes B) It is effective in onchomyosis C) It inhibits squalene epoxidase D) It is used topically only ---- <<Answer:>>

D

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> A 67-year-old man presents with pain in both legs. He says the pain is intermittent in nature and has been present for approx. 6 months. The pain increases with walking, especially downhill, and prolonged standing. It is relieved by lying down and leaning forward. Past medical history is significant for type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypercholesterolemia, and osteoarthritis. The patient reports a 56-pack-year history but denies any alcohol or recreational drug use. His vital signs include: blood pressure 142/88 mm Hg, pulse 88/min, respiratory rate 14/min, temperature 37°C (98.6°F). On physical examination, the patient is alert and oriented. Muscle strength is 5/5 in his upper and lower extremities bilaterally. Babinski and Romberg tests are negative. Pulses measure 2+ in upper and lower extremities bilaterally. Which of the following is the next best step in the management of this patient? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Ankle-brachial index B) Cilostazol C) CT angiography of the lower extremities D) MRI of the spine ---- <<Answer:>>

D

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

Integrated Management of Neonatal and Childhood Illness (IMNCI) includes all except - A) Malaria B) Respiratory infections C) Diarrhoea D) Tuberculosis

D) Tuberculosis

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

Treatment of choice for simple cyst of liver: A) Percutaneous drainage B) Cysto-enterostomy C) Deroofing D) Aspiration

C) Deroofing

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

Best radiographic view for fracture of C1, C2 veebrae is - A) AP view B) Odontoid view C) Lateral view D) Oblique view

B) Odontoid view

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Erenumab was approved by FDA in 2018 for ---- <<Choices:>> A) Phenylketonuria B) Migraine C) Hypeension D) Glycogen storage disorders ---- <<Answer:>>

B

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> A 62-year-old female presents to her primary care physician complaining of bloody stool. She reports several episodes of bloody stools over the past two months as well as a feeling of a mass near her anus. She has one to two non-painful bowel movements per day. She has a history of alcohol abuse and hypertension. Anoscopy reveals engorged vessels. Which of the following vessels most likely drains blood from the affected region? ---- <<Choices:>> A) Superior rectal vein B) Inferior rectal vein C) Middle rectal vein D) Left colic vein ---- <<Answer:>>

A

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

A pregnant women presents for prenatal care. Her past medical history is significant for a severe illness 3 years ago characterized by fatigue, nausea, anorexia, vomiting, jaundice, joint pains, and generalized skin lesions that slowly disappeareD. She has felt well recently. Which lab test should be ordered to investigate the patient's past illness? A) Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) B) IgG cytomegalovirus (CMV) antibody levels C) IgM antibody to HBsAg D) IgM antibody to hepatitis B core antigen

A) Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct option:

True about Lesch Nyhan Syndrome: A) Patient have normal intellectual capacity B) Pyrimidine overproduction is the cause C) Uric acid stones are frequently formed D) X- Linked dominant

C) Uric acid stones are frequently formed

medical-qa-combined-split2

Answer the following medical question with the correct letter choice:

<<Question:>> Treatment of choice for congenital cataract is – ---- <<Choices:>> A) Pharmacotherapy B) Combined cataract surgery and Goniotomy C) Cataract surgery with IOL implant and primary posterior capsulotomy D) Pars plana lensectomy with no IOL implant ---- <<Answer:>>

C

medical-qa-combined-split2