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Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 32-year-old female with Crohn's disease diagnosed in her early 20s comes to your office for a follow-up appointment. She is complaining of headaches and fatigue. Which of the following arterial blood findings might you expect?? {'A': 'Normal Pa02, normal 02 saturation (Sa02), normal 02 content (Ca02)', 'B': 'Low Pa... | D: Normal Pa02, normal 02 saturation (Sa02), low 02 content (Ca02) |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:Four days into hospitalization for severe pneumonia, a 76-year-old woman suddenly becomes unresponsive. She has no history of heart disease. She is on clarithromycin and ceftriaxone. Her carotid pulse is not detected. A single-lead ECG strip is shown. Previous ECG shows QT prolongation. Laboratory studies show: Serum... | D: Clarithromycin |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 42-year-old woman comes to the physician for a routine health maintenance examination. She is doing well. She is 168 cm (5 ft 6 in) tall and weighs 75 kg (165 lb); BMI is 27 kg/m2. Her BMI had previously been stable at 24 kg/m2. The patient states that she has had decreased appetite over the past month. The patient... | B: Decreased hypothalamic neuropeptide Y |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 35-year-old man is brought to the emergency department after experiencing a seizure. According to his girlfriend, he has had fatigue for the last 3 days and became confused this morning, after which he started having uncontrollable convulsions throughout his entire body. He was unconscious throughout the episode, w... | A: Pyrimethamine, sulfadiazine, and leucovorin |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 55-year-old woman presents with fatigue and flu-like symptoms. She says her symptoms started 5 days ago with a low-grade fever and myalgia, which have not improved. For the past 4 days, she has also had chills, sore throat, and rhinorrhea. She works as a kindergarten teacher and says several children in her class h... | A: Reticulocyte count |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:An investigator is studying collagen synthesis in human fibroblast cells. Using a fluorescent tag, α-collagen chains are identified and then monitored as they travel through the rough endoplasmic reticulum, the Golgi apparatus, and eventually into the extracellular space. Which of the following steps in collagen synt... | C: Cleavage of procollagen C- and N-terminals |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:An 8-year-old boy is brought in by his mother due to complaints of a headache with diminished vision of his temporal field. It has been previously recorded that the patient has poor growth velocity. On imaging, a cystic calcified mass is noted above the sella turcica. From which of the following is this mass most lik... | A: Oral ectoderm |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 65-year-old man comes to the physician because of a 10-month history of crampy left lower extremity pain that is exacerbated by walking and relieved by rest. The pain is especially severe when he walks on an incline. He has a 20-year history of type 2 diabetes mellitus, for which he takes metformin. He has smoked 1... | C: Intimal plaque in the posterior tibial artery |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 65-year-old African-American man comes to the physician for a follow-up examination after presenting with elevated blood pressure readings during his last visit. He has no history of major medical illness and takes no medications. He is 180 cm (5 ft 9 in) tall and weighs 68 kg (150 lb); BMI is 22 kg/m2. His pulse i... | C: Chlorthalidone |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 7-month-old boy is brought in to his pediatrician’s office due to concern for recurrent infections. The parents state that over the last 3-4 months, the boy has had multiple viral respiratory infections, along with a fungal pneumonia requiring hospitalization. Currently he is without complaints; however, the parent... | A: Accumulation of deoxyadenosine |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 51-year-old woman with a history of palpitations is being evaluated by a surgeon for epigastric pain. It is discovered that she has an epigastric hernia that needs repair. During her preoperative evaluation, she is ordered to receive lab testing, an electrocardiogram (ECG), and a chest X-ray. These screening studie... | E: Try to obtain previous chest radiographs for comparison |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:You are currently employed as a clinical researcher working on clinical trials of a new drug to be used for the treatment of Parkinson's disease. Currently, you have already determined the safe clinical dose of the drug in a healthy patient. You are in the phase of drug development where the drug is studied in patien... | B: Phase 2 |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 37-year-old man is presented to the emergency department by paramedics after being involved in a serious 3-car collision on an interstate highway while he was driving his motorcycle. On physical examination, he is responsive only to painful stimuli and his pupils are not reactive to light. His upper extremities are... | E: CT scan |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 45-year-old male presents to his primary care provider with an abnormal gait. He was hospitalized one week prior for acute cholecystitis and underwent a laparoscopic cholecystectomy. He received post-operative antibiotics via intramuscular injection. He recovered well and he was discharged on post-operative day #3.... | B: Superomedial quadrant of the buttock |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 22-year-old woman in the intensive care unit has had persistent oozing from the margins of wounds for 2 hours that is not controlled by pressure bandages. She was admitted to the hospital 13 hours ago following a high-speed motor vehicle collision. Initial focused assessment with sonography for trauma was negative.... | A: Transfuse packed RBC, fresh frozen plasma, and platelet concentrate in a 1:1:1 ratio |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 13-month-old boy with sickle cell anemia is brought to the emergency department because of continuous crying and severe left-hand swelling. His condition started 2 hours earlier without any preceding trauma. The child was given diclofenac syrup at home with no relief. The temperature is 37°C (98.6°F), blood pressur... | A: Intravenous morphine |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 31-year-old male comedian presents to your mental health clinic for a psychotherapy appointment. He is undergoing psychodynamic psychotherapy for depressive symptoms. During the therapy session, you discuss his job as a successful comedian and identify ways that he channels his emotions about his abusive childhood ... | D: Splitting |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:An investigator is studying the physiological response during congestive heart failure exacerbations in patients with systolic heart failure. A hormone released by ventricular cardiomyocytes in response to increased wall stress is isolated from a patient's blood sample. The intracellular mechanism by which this hormo... | A: Nitric oxide |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:An asymptomatic 15-year-old high school wrestler with no family history of renal disease is completing his preseason physical exam. He submits a urine sample for a dipstick examination, which tests positive for protein. What is the next appropriate step in management?? {'A': 'Repeat dipstick on a separate occasion', ... | A: Repeat dipstick on a separate occasion |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 44-year-old man is brought to the emergency department by his daughter for a 1-week history of right leg weakness, unsteady gait, and multiple falls. During the past 6 months, he has become more forgetful and has sometimes lost his way along familiar routes. He has been having difficulties operating simple kitchen ... | C: Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 70 year-old man comes to the emergency department for sudden loss of vision in the right eye over the last 24 hours. He has noticed progressive bilateral loss of central vision over the last year. He has had difficulty reading his newspaper and watching his television. He has smoked 1 pack daily for 50 years. Ophth... | C: Ranibizumab |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 67-year-old man presents to the emergency department with confusion. The patient is generally healthy, but his wife noticed him becoming progressively more confused as the day went on. The patient is not currently taking any medications and has no recent falls or trauma. His temperature is 102°F (38.9°C), blood pre... | A: Acyclovir |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 70-year-old man presents to his primary care physician for ear pain. The patient states he has had ear pain for the past several days that seems to be worsening. The patient lives in a retirement home and previously worked as a banker. The patient currently is active, swims every day, and drinks 3 to 4 glasses of w... | D: Ciprofloxacin |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 53-year-old woman with endometriosis comes to the physician because of bilateral flank pain and decreased urine output for 1-week. She has not had any fevers, chills, or dysuria. Physical examination shows several surgical scars on her abdomen. Laboratory studies show a serum creatinine concentration of 3.5 mg/dL. ... | A: Hydrostatic pressure in the tubules |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 43-year-old male visits the emergency room around 4 weeks after getting bitten by a bat during a cave diving trip. After cleansing the wound with water, the patient reports that he felt well enough not to seek medical attention immediately following his trip. He does endorse feeling feverish in the past week but a ... | D: Negri bodies |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 65-year-old woman is brought to the emergency department by her husband who found her lying unconscious at home. He says that the patient has been complaining of progressively worsening weakness and confusion for the past week. Her past medical history is significant for hypertension, systemic lupus erythematosus, ... | A: Fluid restriction |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 22-year-old primigravid woman at 12 weeks' gestation comes to the physician because of several hours of abdominal cramping and passing of large vaginal blood clots. Her temperature is 36.8°C (98.3°F), pulse is 75/min, and blood pressure is 110/65 mmHg. The uterus is consistent in size with a 12-week gestation. Spec... | B: Expectant management |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A surgeon is interested in studying how different surgical techniques impact the healing of tendon injuries. In particular, he will compare 3 different types of suture repairs biomechanically in order to determine the maximum load before failure of the tendon 2 weeks after repair. He collects data on maximum load for... | A: ANOVA |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 67-year-old man comes to the physician because of a 2-month history of generalized fatigue. On examination, he appears pale. He also has multiple pinpoint, red, nonblanching spots on his extremities. His spleen is significantly enlarged. Laboratory studies show a hemoglobin concentration of 8.3 g/dL, a leukocyte co... | C: Acute myelogenous leukemia |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:An investigator is studying the effect that mutations in different parts of the respiratory tract have on susceptibility to infection. A mutation in the gene encoding for the CD21 protein is induced in a sample of cells obtained from the nasopharyngeal epithelium. This mutation is most likely to prevent infection wit... | B: Epstein-Barr virus |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 33-year-old woman presents to her primary care physician for gradually worsening pain in both wrists that began several months ago. The pain originally did not bother her, but it has recently begun to affect her daily functioning. She states that the early morning stiffness in her hands is severe and has made it di... | E: Anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 22-year-old man comes to the physician for a follow-up evaluation for chronic lower back pain. He has back stiffness that lasts all morning and slowly improves throughout the day. He has tried multiple over-the-counter medications, including ibuprofen, without any improvement in his symptoms. Physical examination s... | B: TNF-α |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 26-year-old man is brought to the emergency department by his wife because of bizarre and agitated behavior for the last 6 weeks. He thinks that the NSA is spying on him and controlling his mind. His wife reports that the patient has become withdrawn and at times depressed for the past 3 months. He lost his job bec... | B: Schizophreniform disorder |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 28-year-old man presents to his primary care provider because of shortness of breath, cough, and wheezing. He reports that in high school, he occasionally had shortness of breath and would wheeze after running. His symptoms have progressively worsened over the past 6 months and are now occurring daily. He also find... | C: A low-dose inhaled corticosteroid and a long-acting beta-agonist |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 35-year-old woman comes to the physician because of a dry cough and worsening shortness of breath with exertion for the past 6 months. She used to go running three times each week but had to stop because of decreased exercise tolerance and pain in the bilateral ankles. Two months ago, she was in Nigeria for several... | B: Granulomatous inflammation |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 78-year-old male presents to the emergency department after passing out. His wife reports that she and the patient were walking their dog when he suddenly lost consciousness. On physical exam, he has a loud crescendo-decrescendo systolic murmur and is subsequently diagnosed with severe aortic stenosis. The patient ... | E: Intravenous antibiotics and debridement of surgical wound |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 66-year-old G3P3 presents with an 8-year-history of back pain, perineal discomfort, difficulty urinating, recurrent malaise, and low-grade fevers. These symptoms have recurred regularly for the past 5–6 years. She also says that there are times when she experiences a feeling of having a foreign body in her vagina. ... | B: Hydronephrosis |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 9-year-old boy is brought to the emergency department for the evaluation of diarrhea and vomiting for the last 2 days. During this period, he has had about 12 watery, non-bloody bowel movements and has vomited three times. He came back from a trip to India 3 days ago, where he and his family were visiting relatives... | A: Decreased renal perfusion |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A previously healthy 25-year-old man comes to the physician because of a 4-day history of fever, joint and body pain, diffuse headache, and pain behind the eyes. This morning he noticed that his gums bled when he brushed his teeth. He returned from a backpacking trip to the Philippines 4 days ago. His temperature is ... | E: Dengue virus |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:You are reviewing the protocol for a retrospective case-control study investigating risk factors for mesothelioma among retired factory workers. 100 cases of mesothelioma and 100 age and sex matched controls are to be recruited and interviewed about their exposure to industrial grade fiberglass by blinded interviewer... | B: Recall bias |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 40-year-old man presents to his primary care provider complaining of abdominal pain. The patient reports a dull pain that has been present for 4 weeks now. The patient states that the pain is located to his right upper quadrant and does not change with eating. The patient denies any alcohol or illicit substance use... | E: Sheets of normal hepatocytes without portal tracts or central veins |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 48-year-old man comes to the physician because of a 3-month history of worsening shortness of breath and cough productive of frothy, whitish sputum. One year ago, he had a similar episode lasting 6 months. He has smoked a pack of cigarettes daily for 25 years. Physical examination shows bluish discoloration of the ... | D: Increased serum hematocrit |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 24-year-old woman presents to the emergency department after she was found agitated and screaming for help in the middle of the street. She says she also has dizziness and tingling in the lips and hands. Her past medical history is relevant for general anxiety disorder, managed medically with paroxetine. At admissi... | A: pH: increased, HCO3- : decreased, Pco2: decreased |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 42-year-old woman presents to a medical office with complaints of fatigue, weight loss, and low-grade fever for 1 week. She noticed bleeding spots on her feet this morning. The past medical history is significant for a recent dental appointment. She is a non-smoker and does not drink alcohol. She does not currently... | C: Streptococcus viridans |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 38-year-old G2P2 presents to her gynecologist to discuss the results of her diagnostic tests. She has no current complaints or concurrent diseases. She underwent a tubal ligation after her last pregnancy. Her last Pap smear showed a high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion and a reflex HPV test was positive. Colp... | B: Loop electrosurgical excision procedure |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 62-year-old man comes to the physician for a follow-up examination after having been diagnosed with stage II adenocarcinoma of the left lower lung lobe without evidence of distant metastases 1 week ago following an evaluation for a chronic cough. He has hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus. He has smoked one p... | A: Schedule lobectomy |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:An otherwise healthy 23-year-old man comes to the physician because of a 3-day history of mild persistent bleeding from the site of a tooth extraction. He has no prior history of medical procedures or surgeries and no history of easy bruising. He appears well. Vital signs are within normal limits. Laboratory studies ... | A: Factor VII |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 64-year-old man presents to his primary care clinic for a regular checkup. He reports feeling depressed since his wife left him 6 months prior and is unable to recall why she left him. He denies any sleep disturbance, change in his eating habits, guilt, or suicidal ideation. His past medical history is notable for ... | A: Anterior pillars of the fornix |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 21-year-old man comes to the physician's office due to a 3-week history of fatigue and a rash, along with the recent development of joint pain that has moved from his knee to his elbows. The patient reports going camping last month but denies having been bitten by a tick. His past medical history is significant for... | A: Cranial nerve palsy |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 58-year-old man presents to the emergency department with severe chest pain and uneasiness. He says that symptoms onset acutely half an hour ago while he was watching television. He describes the pain as being 8/10 in intensity, sharp in character, localized to the center of the chest and retrosternal, and radiatin... | A: Aortic dissection |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A study on cholesterol levels is performed. There are 1000 participants. It is determined that in this population, the mean LDL is 200 mg/dL with a standard deviation of 50 mg/dL. If the population has a normal distribution, how many people have a cholesterol less than 300 mg/dL?? {'A': '680', 'B': '840', 'C': '950',... | D: 975 |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 2-year-old boy is brought to the physician by his mother for evaluation of recurrent infections and easy bruising. He has been hospitalized 3 times for severe skin and respiratory infections, which responded to treatment with antibiotics. Examination shows sparse silvery hair. The skin is hypopigmented and there ar... | E: Defective lysosomal trafficking regulator gene |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:To protect against a potentially deadly infection, a 19-year-old female receives a vaccine containing capsular polysaccharide. This vaccine will stimulate her immune system to produce antibodies against which organism?? {'A': 'Measles', 'B': 'Smallpox', 'C': 'Neisseria meningitidis', 'D': 'Corynebacterium diphtheriae... | C: Neisseria meningitidis |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 6-year-old African American boy presents with fever, jaundice, normochromic normocytic anemia and generalized bone pain. He has a history of similar recurrent bone pain in the past which was partially relieved by analgesics. His vital signs include: blood pressure 120/70 mm Hg, pulse 105/min, respiratory rate 40/mi... | B: Sickle cell disease |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 69-year-old woman is admitted to the hospital with substernal, crushing chest pain. She is emergently moved to the cardiac catheterization lab where she undergoes cardiac angiography. Angiography reveals that the diameter of her left anterior descending artery (LAD) is 50% of normal. If her blood pressure, LAD leng... | C: Decreased by 93.75% |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 63-year-old man comes to the physician because of generalized fatigue and malaise for 2 months. He has been unable to engage in his daily activities. Three months ago, he was treated for a urinary tract infection with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. He has hypertension, asthma, and chronic lower back pain. Current m... | A: Inhibition of prostacyclin production |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 60-year-old woman presents to the clinic with a 3-month history of shortness of breath that worsens on exertion. She also complains of chronic cough that has lasted for 10 years. Her symptoms are worsened even with light activities like climbing up a flight of stairs. She denies any weight loss, lightheadedness, or... | B: Decreased FEV1: FVC and increased total lung capacity |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 54-year-old male presents to clinic complaining that he is not sleeping well because he has to get up from bed to urinate multiple times throughout the night. He says that he strains to void, has terminal dribbling, and has urinary urgency. Past medical history is significant for orthostatic hypotension. On digital... | D: 5-alpha reductase inhibition |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 75-year-old man presents to the emergency department after an episode of syncope while walking outside with his wife. His wife states that he suddenly appeared pale and collapsed to the ground. She says he remained unconscious for 1 minute. He says noticed a fluttering in his chest and excessive sweating before the... | C: Continuous loop recorder |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:Two days after undergoing emergency cardiac catherization for myocardial infarction, a 68-year-old woman has pain in her toes. During the intervention, she was found to have an occluded left anterior descending artery and 3 stents were placed. She has hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, and coronary artery disease. P... | A: Acute kidney injury |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A novel PET radiotracer is being evaluated for its ability to aid in the diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The study decides to use a sample size of 1,000 patients, and half of the patients enrolled have AD. In the group of patients with AD, 400 are found positive on the novel type of PET imaging examination. In... | C: 400 / (400+50) |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 17-year-old girl is brought in by her mother due to rapid weight loss over the past month. The patient says she has been having episodes of diarrhea, which she attributes to laxatives she takes regularly to keep her weight down. She also says she has not had her period yet. The patient’s mother adds that the patien... | D: Synthesis requires vitamin B2 and B6 |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 57-year-old man is admitted to the burn unit after he was brought to the emergency room following an accidental fire in his house. His past medical history is unknown due to his current clinical condition. Currently, his blood pressure is 75/40 mmHg, pulse rate is 140/min, and respiratory rate is 17/min. The patien... | C: Cardiac output: ↓, systemic vascular resistance: ↑, pulmonary artery wedge pressure: ↓ |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 35-year-old woman volunteers for a study on respiratory physiology. Pressure probes A and B are placed as follows: Probe A: between the parietal and visceral pleura Probe B: within the cavity of an alveoli The probes provide a pressure reading relative to atmospheric pressure. To obtain a baseline reading, she is a... | D: Probe A: -6 mm Hg; Probe B: 0 mm Hg |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 16-year-old man presents to the emergency department with a 2-hour history of sudden-onset abdominal pain. He was playing football when his symptoms started. The patient’s past medical history is notable only for asthma. Social history is notable for unprotected sex with 4 women in the past month. His temperature i... | D: Testicular torsion |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:Please refer to the summary above to answer this question Which of the following is the most appropriate next step in management?" "Patient Information Age: 23 years Gender: F, self-identified Ethnicity: unspecified Site of Care: office History Reason for Visit/Chief Concern: “I can't run anymore because my knee hurt... | A: Pain control and rest |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 12-month-old boy is brought to the physician by his parents for a 4-week history of fever, malaise, cough, and difficulty breathing. He has had recurrent episodes of gastroenteritis since birth. Cardiopulmonary examination shows subcostal retractions and crackles bilaterally. There is enlargement of the cervical, a... | E: NADPH oxidase complex |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 4-year-old boy is brought to the pediatrician by his mother who is concerned about progressive leg weakness. His mother reports that the patient used to play outside with their neighbors for hours, but for the past few months she has seen him sitting on the sidewalk after 15 minutes because he’s too tired. The pati... | C: Genetic testing |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 22-year-old female is brought to the emergency department by her friends. She was supposed to attend her first job interview in a few hours when she started having palpitations. Her past medical history is insignificant, and she currently takes no medications. Her vitals show the following: pulse rate is 90/min, re... | A: 18 mm Hg |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 68-year-old man with hypertension comes to the physician because of fatigue and difficulty initiating urination. He wakes up several times a night to urinate. He does not take any medications. His blood pressure is 166/82 mm Hg. Digital rectal examination shows a firm, non-tender, and uniformly enlarged prostate. W... | D: Terazosin |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 51-year-old woman comes to the physician because of numbness of her legs and toes for 3 months. She has also had fatigue and occasional shortness of breath for the past 5 months. She is a painter. Examination shows pale conjunctivae. Sensation to vibration and position is absent over the lower extremities. She has ... | E: Elevated methylmalonic acid levels " |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 38-year-old woman makes an appointment with her family physician for a routine check-up after being away due to travel for 1 year. She recently had a screening Pap smear, which was negative for malignancy. Her past medical history is significant for a Pap smear 2 years ago that reported a low-grade squamous intraep... | B: HPV 6 |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 19-year-old collegiate football player sustains an injury to his left knee during a game. He was running with the ball when he dodged a defensive player and fell, twisting his left knee. He felt a “pop” as he fell. When he attempts to bear weight on his left knee, it feels unstable, and "gives way." He needs assist... | D: Posteromedial aspect of the lateral femoral condyle |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 65-year-old woman is brought to the emergency department by her husband due to difficulty speaking and confusion for 1 hour. She was gardening when she suddenly developed these symptoms. She is not able to respond to the questions despite multiple repetitions. She also appears unsteady with her gait and is able to ... | C: CT scan of the head |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 45-year-old man presents to the physician with a complaint of recurrent chest pain for the last 2 weeks. He mentions that the pain is not present at rest, but when he walks for some distance, he feels pain like a pressure over the retrosternal region. The pain disappears within a few minutes of stopping the physica... | A: Chlamydophila pneumoniae |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:An investigator is studying cellular repair mechanisms in various tissues. One of the samples being reviewed is from the anterior horn of the spinal cord of a patient who was involved in a snowboard accident. Pathologic examination of the biopsy specimen shows dispersion of the Nissl bodies, swelling of the neuronal ... | C: Central chromatolysis |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:Fertilization begins when sperm binds to the corona radiata of the egg. Once the sperm enters the cytoplasm, a cortical reaction occurs which prevents other sperm from entering the oocyte. The oocyte then undergoes an important reaction. What is the next reaction that is necessary for fertilization to continue?? {'A'... | D: The second meiotic division |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 67-year-old man presents to his primary care provider with bloody urine. He first noticed the blood 1 week ago. He otherwise feels healthy. His past medical history is significant for type 2 diabetes mellitus for 18 years, for which he takes insulin injections. He has smoked 30–40 cigarettes per day for the past 29... | B: Contrast-enhanced CT |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A previously healthy 19-year-old woman comes to the physician because of vaginal discharge for 3 days. She describes the discharge as yellow and mucopurulent with a foul odor. She has also noticed vaginal bleeding after sexual activity. She has not had any itching or irritation. Her last menstrual period was 2 weeks ... | E: Nucleic acid amplification test " |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 35-year-old man with no past medical history presents to his primary care physician with complaints of fatigue. He states that his life has been hectic lately and that everything seems to be falling apart. He is scared that he will lose his job, that his wife will leave him, and that his children will not be able t... | A: Escitalopram |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 34-year-old man comes to the physician because of blurry vision and fatigue for 2 months. During this period, he has also had occasional bleeding from his gums after brushing his teeth. One month ago, he was diagnosed with deep vein thrombosis after returning from an overseas business meeting. His pulse is 118/min,... | D: Nonreceptor tyrosine kinase |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 23-year-old woman is brought to the emergency department by emergency medical services. She was found trying to hang herself in her kitchen. The patient has a past medical history of drug abuse, alcoholism, anxiety, mania, irritable bowel syndrome, and hypertension. Her current medications include naltrexone, sodiu... | B: Lamotrigine |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 6-year-old girl is brought to the physician because of a 4-day history of irritation and redness in both eyes. Her symptoms initially started in the left eye and progressed to involve both eyes within 24 hours. She presents with profuse tearing and reports that her eyes are sticky and difficult to open in the morni... | A: Supportive therapy |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 55-year-old woman comes to the physician because of a 4-month history of a painless lump on her neck. Examination shows a hard nodule on the left side of her neck. A fine-needle aspiration biopsy shows well-differentiated cuboidal cells arranged spherically around colloid. She undergoes thyroidectomy. Histopatholog... | E: PAX8-PPAR gamma gene rearrangement |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 61-year-old man sustains an intracranial injury to a nerve that also passes through the parotid gland. Which of the following is a possible consequence of this injury?? {'A': 'Loss of taste from posterior 1/3 of tongue', 'B': 'Loss of general sensation in anterior 2/3 of tongue', 'C': 'Paralysis of lateral rectus m... | D: Changes in hearing |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 10-month-old boy is admitted to the pediatric intensive care ward because of progressive dyspnea and fever. For the past 2 weeks, he was unsuccessfully treated for an upper respiratory tract infection with ampicillin. He has a history of neonatal sepsis, frequent respiratory tract infections since the age of 3 mont... | D: Bone marrow transplantation |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 50-year-old man arrives to the clinic complaining of progressive weakness. He explains that for 3 months he has had difficulty climbing the stairs, which has now progressed to difficulty getting out of a chair. He denies diplopia, dysphagia, dyspnea, muscle aches, or joint pains. He denies weight loss, weight gain,... | D: Muscle biopsy |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 40-year-old man presents with an episode of rectal bleeding. He is concerned because his mother died of colorectal cancer at 50 years of age. He has no further information about his family history. Physical examination and digital rectal examination are normal. He undergoes a colonoscopy and is found to have innume... | C: Mutations of the APC gene |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 28-year-old man presents to his physician with a history of excessive thirst and excessive urination over the last 3 weeks. He mentions that he has to wake up multiple times at night to urinate. A detailed history reveals that he has a known case of bipolar mood disorder and has been taking lithium carbonate for 5 ... | B: Image 2 |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:An 8-year-old African American girl is brought to the clinic by her mother for her regular blood exchange. They come in every 2–3 months for the procedure. The child is in good health with no symptoms. Her last trip to the emergency department was 6 months ago due to bone pain. She was treated with morphine and oxyge... | B: Amino acid substitution |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 75-year-old woman presents to the emergency department because of a brief loss of consciousness, slurred speech, and facial numbness. Family members report that she complained about feeling chest pain and shortness of breath while on her morning walk. Medical history is noncontributory. Physical examination shows d... | D: Mitral valve obstruction |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 40-year-old man presents to the office with complaints of fatigue and difficulty breathing for the past few weeks. He also complains of early morning stiffness of his metatarsophalangeal and metacarpophalangeal joints on both sides that lasts for 2 hours. He feels better only after a warm water tub bath every day i... | A: Anti-CCP |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 29-year-old man presents to clinic with a complaint of fatigue that has developed over the past 6 months. Upon questioning, he endorses abdominal pain, non-bloody diarrhea, and decreased appetite over the past year. He denies recent travel outside of the country or eating uncooked meats. On exam, his temperature is... | D: Kidney stones |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 37-year-old male presents to your clinic with shortness of breath and lower extremity edema. He was born in Southeast Asia and emigrated to America ten years prior. Examination demonstrates 2+ pitting edema to the level of his knees, ascites, and bibasilar crackles, as well as an opening snap followed by a mid-to-l... | D: Normal or decreased left ventricular end diastolic pressure (LVEDP) |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 67-year-old man comes to the physician for a follow-up examination after he was diagnosed with mantle cell lymphoma. The physician recommends a chemotherapeutic regimen containing bortezomib. Which of the following best describes the effect of this drug?? {'A': 'Stabilization of tubulin polymers', 'B': 'Accumulatio... | B: Accumulation of ubiquitinated proteins |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 57-year-old man presents for his yearly wellness visit. He says he has been feeling well and has no complaints. No significant past medical history or current medications. The patient reports a 35-pack-year smoking history but says he quit 5 years ago. His family history is significant for lung cancer in his father... | D: Low-dose CT scan (LDCT) of the chest |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 49-year-old woman presents to her physician with a fever accompanied by chills and burning micturition since the past 5 days. She is an otherwise healthy woman with no significant past medical history and has an active sexual life. On physical examination, her temperature is 39.4°C (103.0°F), pulse rate is 90/min, ... | E: Proteus mirabilis |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 72-year-old man presents to his primary care physician with progressively worsening hearing loss. He states that his trouble with hearing began approximately 7-8 years ago. He is able to hear when someone is speaking to him; however, he has difficulty with understanding what is being said, especially when there is ... | D: Cochlear hair cell degeneration |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:An investigator is studying the molecular structure of various proteinogenic L-amino acids. The structure of one of the amino acids being studied is shown. The derivative of this amino acid is most likely to cause which of the following effects in the human body?? {'A': 'Ketotic acidosis', 'B': 'Skin pigmentation', '... | D: Peripheral vasodilation |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 68-year-old man presents to his primary care physician with a 4-week history of back pain. He says that the pain does not appear to be associated with activity and is somewhat relieved by taking an NSAID. Furthermore, he says that he has had increasing difficulty trying to urinate. His past medical history is signi... | A: Continuous leuprolide |
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