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Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 29-year-old woman presents with skin lesions on her elbows and forearms. She notes that they first started appearing 2 months ago and have not improved. She describes the lesions as painless and rarely itchy. She denies any similar symptoms in the past, and has no other significant past medical history. Review of s... | D: Basal cell hyperplasia, proliferation of subepidermal vasculature, and keratinization |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:Two days after delivery, a newborn develops a red, irritated eye with yellow discharge. She was born at 39 weeks' gestation to a 28-year-old woman, gravida 1, para 1. Pregnancy and delivery were uncomplicated. The mother had not seen her gynecologist since her first prenatal visit. The newborn's temperature is 37.2°C... | C: Topical erythromycin administered to the infant |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 16-year-old boy is brought to the emergency department after losing consciousness. He had no preceding chest pain or palpitations. His father has cataracts and had frontal balding in his twenties but has no history of cardiac disease. His paternal grandfather also had early-onset balding. His pulse is 43/min. Physi... | E: Anticipation |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 32-year-old primigravida at 35 weeks gestation seeks evaluation at the emergency department for swelling and redness of the left calf, which started 2 hours ago. She reports that the pain has worsened since the onset. The patient denies a history of insect bites or trauma. She has never experienced something like t... | A: Estriol |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 26-year-old nurse at 8 weeks of gestation presents to the physician with low-grade fever and body ache for the past 2 days. She also complains of a fine pink and itchy rash that appeared 2 nights ago. The rash 1st appeared on her face and spread to her neck. Past medical history is noncontributory. She takes prenat... | D: Test for rubella antibodies in her blood |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 55-year-old man with a history of fatigue and exertional dyspnea presents to the urgent care clinic following an acute upper respiratory illness. On physical examination, his pulses are bounding, his complexion is very pale, and scleral icterus is apparent. The spleen is moderately enlarged. Oxygen saturation is 79... | B: Type II–cytotoxic hypersensitivity reaction |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 57-year-old HIV-positive male with a history of intravenous drug abuse presents to the emergency room complaining of arm swelling. He reports that he developed progressively worsening swelling and tenderness over the right antecubital fossa three days prior. He recently returned from a trip to Nicaragua. His past m... | E: Gram-positive bacillus |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 69-year-old male presents to the emergency department for slurred speech and an inability to use his right arm which occurred while he was eating dinner. The patient arrived at the emergency department within one hour. A CT scan was performed of the head and did not reveal any signs of hemorrhage. The patient is gi... | A: Fluid restriction |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 70-year-old man with a 2 year history of Alzheimer disease presents is brought in from his nursing facility with altered mental status and recurrent falls during the past few days. Current medications include donepezil and galantamine. His vital signs are as follows: temperature 36.0°C (96.8°F), blood pressure 90/6... | C: Cryoprecipitate, FFP and low dose SC heparin |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 59-year-old woman is brought to the emergency department for the confusion. She was in her usual state of health until about 2 hours ago when she was found trying to cook a frozen pizza in her medicine cabinet. She also complained to her husband that she had a terrible headache. Her past medical history is notable ... | B: IV nicardipine |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 22-year-old man is brought to the emergency department by his father because he is having bizarre thoughts. The patient says that he is being haunted by aliens from outer space. The father is worried as his son has had these symptoms for the past 7 months and lately, it seems to be getting worse. He has become more... | B: He has a fixed false belief. |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A family doctor in a rural area is treating a patient for dyspepsia. The patient had chronic heartburn and abdominal pain for the last 2 months and peptic ulcer disease due to a suspected H. pylori infection. For reasons relating to affordability and accessibility, the doctor decides to perform a diagnostic test in t... | E: Serology (ELISA testing) |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 32-year-old man comes to the physician with difficulty swallowing for several weeks. Examination of the oropharynx shows lesions on palate and tongue that can be easily scraped off. An image of the lesions is shown. Which of the following is a risk factor for this patient's findings?? {'A': 'Decline in CD4+ T-cells... | A: Decline in CD4+ T-cells |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 7-year-old boy presents with difficult left eye-opening in the morning, eye discharge, and irritation. These symptoms developed gradually over the past week. He attends a primary school where recently an outbreak of tonsillitis took place. He had otitis media 2 weeks ago treated with ampicillin. At the presentation... | B: No investigations are required in this case |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 32 year-old African American man with a past medical history of sickle cell anemia presents to his primary care physician for a routine check-up. He has no complaints. His physician notes that he likely has an increased susceptibility to infections with certain organisms. Which of the following patient groups has a... | C: C3 complement deficiency |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 3175-g (7-lb) male newborn is delivered at 39 weeks' gestation to a 29-year-old primigravid woman following a spontaneous vaginal delivery. Apgar scores are 8 and 9 at 1 and 5 minutes, respectively. Cardiac examination in the delivery room shows a continuous machine-like murmur. An echocardiogram shows a structure ... | C: 6th aortic arch |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 27-year-old man with a past medical history of type I diabetes mellitus presents to the emergency department with altered mental status. The patient was noted as becoming more lethargic and confused over the past day, prompting his roommates to bring him in. His temperature is 99.0°F (37.2°C), blood pressure is 107... | B: Normal anion gap |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:The drug cilostazol is known for its ability to relax vascular smooth muscle and therefore cause vasodilation through its inhibition of phosphodiesterase 3. Given this mechanism of action, what other effect would be expected?? {'A': 'Increased left ventricular end-diastolic volume', 'B': 'Positive inotropy', 'C': 'Ne... | B: Positive inotropy |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 43-year-old woman presents to her primary care provider with shortness of breath. She reports a 4-month history of progressively worsening difficulty breathing with associated occasional chest pain. She is a long-distance runner but has had trouble running recently due to her breathing difficulties. Her past medica... | E: Right ventricular hypertrophy with a dilated pulmonary artery |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 23-year-old man presents to the physician with nausea, vomiting, constipation, and abdominal pain for the past 24 hours. He has also developed difficulty in swallowing and blurring of vision. He also complains of significant dryness of his mouth and throat. When asked about his diet, he reports that he has been sav... | B: Blockade of release of acetylcholine at neuromuscular junctions |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 55-year-old woman comes to the physician because of involuntary rhythmic shaking of both hands for several months. More recently, she also noticed involuntary head nodding movements. The shaking seems to improve after having one or two glasses of wine. Her father had similar symptoms starting at the age of 60. Neur... | D: Hyperthyroidism |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 72-year-old woman is brought to the emergency department 4 hours after the sudden onset of shortness of breath and dizziness. Her blood pressure is 88/56 mm Hg. Examination shows crackles at both lung bases and an S3 gallop. The extremities are cold to the touch. Serum studies show a urea nitrogen concentration of ... | E: Accumulation of NADH |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A previously healthy 24-year-old woman comes to the physician because of fever, headache, myalgia, photophobia, and a nonproductive cough for 2 days. Three weeks ago, she received a parrot as a birthday present. Her temperature is 38.5°C (101.3°F). Pulmonary examination shows crackles at both lung bases. Her leukocyt... | A: Chlamydophila psittaci |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 71-year-old woman presents to the emergency department with a headache for the past 30 minutes. She says that this is the worst headache of her life and that it came on suddenly after she hit her head. She says that she has also been experiencing visual problems with double vision when she looks to the left or the ... | B: Central herniation |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 58-year-old man comes to the physician because of intermittent throbbing headaches over the past year. The headaches are worse when he wakes up and are not accompanied by other symptoms. The patient also reports trouble concentrating on daily tasks at work. His wife has been complaining lately about his snoring dur... | B: Nocturnal upper airway obstruction |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 75-year-old man presents to the emergency department for abdominal pain. The patient states the pain started this morning and has been worsening steadily. He decided to come to the emergency department when he began vomiting. The patient has a past medical history of obesity, diabetes, alcohol abuse, and hypertensi... | D: CT scan |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 24-year-old man is brought to the emergency department by his brother because of a 3-hour history of lethargy and confusion. The brother says that 2 days ago, the patient ate several large-capped mushrooms he had foraged in the woods. After eating the mushrooms, he developed severe, bloody diarrhea that has since r... | A: Messenger RNA synthesis |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 76-year-old man is brought to the hospital after having a stroke. Head CT is done in the emergency department and shows intracranial hemorrhage. Upon arrival to the ED he is verbally non-responsive and withdraws only to pain. He does not open his eyes. He is transferred to the medical ICU for further management and... | A: Listen to the patient’s wife’s wishes and withdraw care |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 43-year-old woman walks into the clinic for an annual check-up appointment with her family physician. When asked about any changes in her life, she states that she lost her job about 6 months ago. Since then, she has lived with her boyfriend who is also unemployed. She frequently uses laxatives and takes some over ... | C: Codeine |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 42-year-old woman comes to the clinic with a complaint of a severely itchy and painful rash on her hands and legs for a day. On further questioning, she revealed that she loves nature and goes on trekking to the woods frequently. She just returned from a similar trip, 2 days ago. On physical examination, a prominen... | A: Type IV hypersensitivity reaction |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 6-year-old boy presents to his primary care physician with hip pain that started this morning. The patient claims the pain is severe and is stopping him from skateboarding. The patient recently recovered from a upper respiratory infection that he caught from his siblings but has otherwise been healthy. The patient ... | E: Ibuprofen and rest |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:An investigator is studying the incidence of sickle cell trait in African American infants. To identify the trait, polymerase chain reaction testing is performed on venous blood samples obtained from the infants. Which of the following is required for this laboratory technique?? {'A': 'RNA-dependent DNA polymerase', ... | C: Initial sequence of the 3' end of a DNA strand |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A previously healthy 20-year-old woman comes to the physician because of recurrent abdominal cramps, bloating, and diarrhea for 4 months. She describes her stools as greasy, foul-smelling, and difficult to flush. During this time she has had a 6-kg (13.2-lb) weight loss. She has no personal or family history of serio... | E: Hypersensitivity to gliadin " |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 27-year-old man presents to the emergency room complaining of shortness of breath and productive cough for a few days. He says that his sputum is mostly yellow with tiny red specks. He denies fever, chills, recent weight loss, or joint pain. He has no history of recent travel or sick contacts. His medical history i... | D: Basement membrane antibodies |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:An investigator is studying the clearance of respiratory particles in healthy non-smokers. An aerosol containing radio-labeled particles that are small enough to reach the alveoli is administered to the subjects via a non-rebreather mask. A gamma scanner is then used to evaluate the rate of particle clearance from th... | D: Macrophages |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 35-year-old woman, gravida 4, para 3, at 34 weeks' gestation comes to the physician for a prenatal visit. She feels well. She does not note any contractions or fluid from her vagina. Her third child was delivered spontaneously at 35 weeks' gestation; pregnancy and delivery of her other two children were uncomplicat... | D: Observation |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 25-year-old woman gives birth to a male child at 30 weeks of gestation. Pregnancy was complicated by polyhydramnios diagnosed on ultrasonography at 26 weeks of gestation. The baby is born vaginally weighing 1.2 kg (2.64 lb). Because he does not cry immediately after birth, endotracheal intubation is attempted to se... | D: Fourth and sixth branchial arches |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:An 19-year-old woman presents to her primary care physician because she has been feeling increasingly lethargic over the last 6 months. Specifically, she says that she feels tired easily and has been cold even though she is wearing lots of layers. Her medical history is significant for seasonal allergies but is other... | B: Follicles with colloid |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 72-year-old man arrives at the emergency department 30 minutes after developing rapid onset right-sided weakness and decreased sensation on the right side of his body. The patient’s wife also reports that he has had difficulty forming sentences. His wife adds that these symptoms were at their maximum within a few m... | D: It will be 16 times greater |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 39-year-old African American woman is admitted to the hospital following a seizure with a severe post-ictal headache. She was diagnosed with breast cancer 1 year ago when she presented with a hard, rock-like, immobile mass with irregular borders accompanied by changes in the breast skin, including erythema and dimp... | B: ER, PR, HER2 negative |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 13-year-old boy is brought to the physician because of a 1-month history of progressive difficulty breathing through his nose and a 2-week history of recurrent severe nosebleeds. When he holds the right nostril shut, he is unable to breathe nasally and his sense of smell is reduced. He has a 6-year history of asthm... | E: CT scan of head with contrast |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 20-year-old man comes to the emergency room because of palpitations and mild dyspnea for the last 2 hours. He has had similar episodes in the past that resolved within 20 minutes, but they have been worsening since he started training for his first marathon 1 month ago. Ten years ago, he was treated for streptococc... | D: Bicuspid aortic valve |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 71-year-old man comes to the physician for a routine health maintenance examination. He feels well. He goes for a 30-minute walk three times a week and does not experience any shortness of breath or chest or leg pain on exertion. He has not had any weakness, numbness, or vision disturbance. He has diabetes that is ... | B: Left carotid endarterectomy |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 28-year-old woman is brought to the emergency department after being resuscitated in the field. Her husband is with her and recalls seeing pills beside her when he was in the bathroom. He reveals she has a past medical history of depression and was recently given a prescription for smoking cessation. On physical ex... | A: The patient’s husband may be appointed as her health care surrogate and may make end-of-life decisions on her behalf. |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:An 8-year-old girl is brought to the emergency department because of a 2-day history of low-grade fever, itchy rash, and generalized joint pain. The rash initially started in the antecubital and popliteal fossae and then spread to her trunk and distal extremities. One week ago, she was diagnosed with acute sinusitis ... | A: Serum sickness-like reaction |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 7-year-old boy presents to the clinic with his mother, who notes that the way in which he plays has changed and that he has been limping, favoring his left leg. When asked, the patient states that his left knee hurts. He is afebrile and vital signs are stable. The patient is well nourished and meeting all developme... | C: Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease (LCPD) |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 57-year-old man presents to the clinic for a chronic cough over the past 4 months. The patient reports a productive yellow/green cough that is worse at night. He denies any significant precipitating event prior to his symptoms. He denies fever, chest pain, palpitations, weight changes, or abdominal pain, but endors... | C: 3200 mL |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 17-year-old man presents to his primary care physician concerned about excessive sleepiness that has persisted his entire life. He notes that he has been having difficulty with his job as a waiter because he often falls asleep suddenly during the day. He also experiences a sensation of dreaming as he goes to sleep ... | B: Begin inhibitor of dopamine reuptake |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 38-year-old woman presents to her primary care physician for a new patient appointment. She states that she feels well and has no current complaints. The patient recently started seeing a specialist for treatment for another medical condition but otherwise has had no medical problems. The patient lives alone and dr... | C: Medication |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 67-year-old woman is brought to the emergency department by her husband because of a 1-hour history of severe groin pain, nausea, and vomiting. She has had a groin swelling that worsens with standing, coughing, and straining for the past 3 months. Her pulse is 120/min. Examination shows pallor; there is swelling, e... | E: Lacunar ligament and femoral vein |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 35-year-old woman presents to her dermatologist with complaints of discoloration of the skin on her hands and wrists. She says her symptoms started about 6-months ago. Around this time, she recalls moving into her new house with her husband and children. She had to quit her job to relocate and says she is having di... | A: Symptoms are ego-dystonic |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 2800-g (6-lb 3-oz) male newborn is born at 39 weeks’ gestation to a 22-year-old woman, gravida 2, para 2, after an uncomplicated labor and delivery. The mother did not receive prenatal care. She traveled to Brazil to visit relatives during the first trimester of her pregnancy. She has bipolar disorder treated with ... | B: Use of mosquito repellant |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:An otherwise healthy 47-year-old woman comes to the physician for the evaluation of a 4-month history of worsening fatigue and constipation. She has also noticed that her cheeks appear fuller and her voice has become hoarse. Her temperature is 36.3°C (97.3°F) and pulse is 59/min. Examination of the neck shows a painl... | E: Lymphocytic infiltration, Hürthle cells, and germinal centers |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 62-year-old woman presents with abdominal pain and blood in her urine. Since the acute onset of symptoms 3 days ago, there has been no improvement. She describes the pain as moderate, sharp and burning in character, non-radiating, and localized to the suprapubic region. She also has noted some mild urinary frequenc... | C: A thiol given concurrently with an antineoplastic agent to help reduce inflammation of the transitional epithelium of the bladder |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 5-year-old boy is brought to the physician by his parents because of a 6-week history of increased tiredness, irritability, and worsening leg pain. His parents report that he has been reluctant to walk recently because of the pain in his legs. Examination shows conjunctival pallor and diffuse petechiae. There are p... | A: t(12;21) |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 37-year-old man comes to the physician because of fever, night sweats, malaise, dyspnea, and a productive cough with bloody sputum for 4 days. He was diagnosed with HIV infection 15 years ago and has not been compliant with his medication regimen. Physical examination shows diminished breath sounds over the left lu... | E: Cryptococcus neoformans |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 47-year-old man presents with a history of a frequent unpleasant crawling sensation in both of his legs accompanied by an urge to move his legs for the last 6 months. He continuously moves his legs to provide him with partial relief from the unpleasant feelings in his legs. The symptoms are especially severe during... | A: Iron deficiency anemia |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 4-year-old girl is brought to the physician because of worsening jaundice that started 8 days ago. She has had similar episodes in the past. Her father underwent a splenectomy during adolescence. Physical examination shows mild splenomegaly. Laboratory studies show: Hemoglobin 10.1 g/dL WBC count 7200/mm3 Mean corp... | C: Eosin-5-maleimide binding test |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 72-year-old obese man presents as a new patient to his primary care physician because he has been feeling tired and short of breath after recently moving to Denver. He is a former 50 pack-year smoker and has previously had deep venous thrombosis. Furthermore, he previously had a lobe of the lung removed due to lung... | A: High altitude |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 27-year old gentleman presents to the primary care physician with the chief complaint of "feeling down" for the last 6 weeks. He describes trouble falling asleep at night, decreased appetite, and recent feelings of intense guilt regarding the state of his personal relationships. He says that everything "feels slowe... | D: Electroconvulsive therapy |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 27-year-old man presents to the emergency department after being hit by a car while riding his bike. The patient was brought in with his airway intact, vitals stable, and with a C-collar on. Physical exam is notable for bruising over the patient’s head and a confused man with a Glasgow coma scale of 11. It is notic... | C: Head elevation, sedation, mannitol, hyperventilation |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 27-year-old G0P0 female presents to her OB/GYN for a preconception visit to seek advice before becoming pregnant. A detailed history reveals no prior medical or surgical history, and she appears to be in good health currently. Her vaccination history is up-to-date. She denies tobacco or recreational drug use and ad... | D: Administer measles, mumps, rubella (MMR) vaccination |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 22-year-old female college student presents to the emergency department due to severe pain in her stomach after an evening of heavy drinking with her friends. The pain is located in the upper half of the abdomen, is severe in intensity, and has an acute onset. She claims to have consumed a dozen alcoholic drinks. H... | B: Anxiety induced hyperventilation |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 16-year-old boy presents with shortness of breath after prolonged exposure to cold air during a recent hike with his friends. Past medical history is significant for asthma, untreated because he doesn't like using medications. The patient says he is a non-smoker and occasionally drinks alcohol. On physical examinat... | D: Phosphoinositol system |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A multicentric, ambidirectional cohort study (i.e. a study that combines elements of both prospective and retrospective cohort studies) was designed in order to evaluate the relationship between nasal colonization with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and exposure to patients in intensive-care units... | D: 2.33 |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 45-year-old man presents to the emergency department with abdominal distension. The patient states he has had gradually worsening abdominal distension with undulating pain, nausea, and vomiting for the past several months. The patient does not see a physician typically and has no known past medical history. He work... | A: Echinococcus granulosus |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 49-year-old man presents to his physician complaining of weakness and fatigue. On exam, you note significant peripheral edema. Transthoracic echocardiogram is performed and reveals a preserved ejection fraction with impaired diastolic relaxation. A representative still image is shown in Image A. Which of the follow... | B: Hemochromatosis |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 65-year-old male prisoner goes on a hunger strike to protest the conditions of his detainment. After 5 days without food, he suffers a seizure for which he is taken into a medical facility. On physical examination, he looks pale and diaphoretic. His blood glucose level is 50 mg/dL. In order to keep a constant suppl... | A: ß-hydroxybutyric acid |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 67-year-old patient comes to the physician because of a 4-month history of weight loss, chest pain, dry cough, and shortness of breath on exertion. He worked as a shipbuilder for 45 years and is now retired. Since the death of his wife 2 years ago, he has lived with his daughter. He has never smoked. His temperatur... | E: His life expectancy " |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:An 8-month-old boy is brought to his pediatrician by his parents with a 12-hour history of fever and coughing. He has also been experiencing intermittent diarrhea and skin abscesses since birth. Otherwise, he has been meeting developmental milestones as expected. Analysis of this patient's sputum reveals acute angle ... | D: Transforming oxygen into superoxide radicals |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 25-year-old man with a genetic disorder presents for genetic counseling because he is concerned about the risk that any children he has will have the same disease as himself. Specifically, since childhood he has had difficulty breathing requiring bronchodilators, inhaled corticosteroids, and chest physiotherapy. He... | C: 1% |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A medical research study is evaluating an investigational novel drug (medication 1) as compared with standard therapy (medication 2) in patients presenting to the emergency department with myocardial infarction (MI). The study enrolled a total of 3,000 subjects, 1,500 in each study arm. Follow-up was conducted at 45 ... | D: 64% |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 36-year-old male with fluctuating levels of consciousness is brought to the emergency department by ambulance due to a fire in his home. He currently opens his eyes to voice, localizes painful stimuli, responds when asked questions, but is disoriented and cannot obey commands. The patient’s temperature is 99°F (37.... | E: 100% oxygen, hydroxycobalamin, and sodium thiosulfate |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 75-year-old man presents to the emergency department because of pain in his left thigh and left calf for the past 3 months. The pain occurs at rest, increases with walking, and is mildly improved by hanging the foot off the bed. He has had hypertension for 25 years and type 2 diabetes mellitus for 30 years. He has ... | C: Urgent assessment for revascularization |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 72-year-old man presents to the emergency department because of difficulty breathing and sharp chest pain. The chest pain increases in intensity with lying down, and it radiates to the scapular ridge. Approximately 3 weeks ago, he had an anterior ST-elevation myocardial infarction, which was treated with intravenou... | E: Dressler’s syndrome |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 2-year-old girl is brought to the emergency department after swallowing a button battery that was lying on the table 1 hour ago. She has no shortness of breath or chest discomfort. Her pulse is 112/min and respirations are 30/min. Pulse oximetry on room air shows an oxygen saturation of 98%. Physical examination sh... | E: Endoscopic removal of the battery |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 4-week-old male presents with his parents to the pediatrician for a well-child visit. The patient’s mother reports that the patient was eating well until about one week ago, when he began vomiting after breastfeeding. His mother has tried increasing the frequency of feeds and decreasing the amount of each feed, but... | A: Abdominal ultrasound |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 72-year-old man being treated for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is admitted to the emergency department for 1 week of dysuria, nocturia, urge incontinence, and difficulty initiating micturition. His medical history is relevant for hypertension, active tobacco use, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and BPH... | A: Metabolic acidosis complicated by respiratory acidosis |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 22-year-old male varsity athlete visits the on-campus health services for shortness of breath, fatigue, and lower limb edema with onset 1 week after mild upper respiratory tract infection. Upon physical examination, his blood pressure is 100/68 mm Hg, heart rate is 120/min, respiratory rate is 23/min, and temperatu... | A: Infiltration with lymphocytes |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 72-year-old man presents to the outpatient clinic today. He has New York Heart Association class III heart failure. His current medications include captopril 20 mg, furosemide 40 mg, potassium chloride 10 mg twice daily, rosuvastatin 20 mg, and aspirin 81 mg. He reports that he generally feels well and has not had ... | C: Metoprolol succinate |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 40-year-old, gravida 2, nulliparous woman, at 14 weeks' gestation comes to the physician because of a 6-hour history of light vaginal bleeding and lower abdominal discomfort. Eight months ago she had a spontaneous abortion at 10 weeks' gestation. Her pulse is 92/min, respirations are 18/min, and blood pressure is 1... | A: Transvaginal ultrasound |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 34-year-old business executive presents to her primary care provider because of difficulty falling asleep on her trips. She makes 4–5 business trips from California to China every month. Her typical direct Los Angeles to Hong Kong flight leaves Los Angeles at 12:30 a.m. and reaches Hong Kong at 7:00 p.m. (local tim... | E: Melatonin |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 5-week-old infant boy presents to the pediatrician with intermittent vomiting for the last 2 weeks. The mother reports that the vomiting is non-bilious and immediately follows feeding. After vomiting, the baby is hungry and wants to feed again. The frequency of vomiting has been increasing progressively over 2 week... | B: Pyloromyotomy |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 32-year-old woman with bipolar disorder visits her gynecologist because she believes she is pregnant. A urine pregnancy test is performed which confirms she is pregnant. She has mild bipolar disorder for which she takes lithium and admits that she has been taking it ‘on and off’ for 2 years now but has never had an... | E: Taper lithium and provide a prescription for clonazepam as needed |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 4-year-old male is brought by his mother to the emergency room with dyspnea and fever. His mother reports a two-day history of progressive shortness of breath, malaise, and a fever with a maximum temperature of 101.6°F (38.7°C). The child has visited the emergency room three times over the past two years for pneumo... | B: Pre-B-cell |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 4-month-old boy is brought to the physician for a well-child examination. He was born at 36 weeks' gestation. The mother has had no prenatal care. His 6-year-old sister has a history of osteosarcoma. He is exclusively breast fed. He is at the 60th percentile for height and weight. Vital signs are within normal limi... | D: Fundus examination |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 38-year-old woman with a history of Crohn’s disease presents with a 3-week history of weight gain. The patient also presents with a 1-month history of abdominal pain, cramping, and bloody diarrhea consistent with worsening of her inflammatory bowel disease. Past medical history is significant for Crohn’s disease di... | E: Hypokalemia |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 22-year-old man comes to the physician because of a 2-week history of cough and decreased urination. The cough was initially nonproductive, but in the last few days he has coughed up small amounts of blood-tinged sputum with clots. He has not had any fevers, chills, or weight loss. He has smoked one pack of cigaret... | D: Fibrin crescents in Bowman space |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 27-year-old man is brought to the emergency department after a motorcycle accident 30 minutes ago. He was found at the scene of the accident with a major injury to the anterior chest by a metallic object that was not removed during transport to the hospital. The medical history could not be obtained. His blood pres... | A: Right marginal artery |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 32-year-old man comes to the physician because of a 2 month history of difficulty sleeping and worsening fatigue. During this time, he has also had difficulty concentrating and remembering tasks at work as well as diminished interest in his hobbies. He has no suicidal or homicidal ideation. He does not have auditor... | E: Continue sertraline for 3 more weeks " |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 50-year-old man presents with severe chest pain for a week. His pain increases with breathing and is localized to the right. He has tried over-the-counter medications at home, but they did not help. The patient has a 20-pack-year smoking history and currently smokes 2 pack of cigarettes daily, and he drinks 3 to 4 ... | D: Above the superior border of the 8th rib in the midaxillary line |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A previously healthy 13-year-old girl is brought to the physician by her mother because of a change in behavior. The mother reports that over the past 6 months, her daughter has had frequent mood swings. Sometimes, she is irritable for several days and loses her temper easily. In between these episodes, she behaves “... | B: Normal behavior |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 44-year-old woman with recurrent urinary tract infections is brought to the emergency department by ambulance after sudden onset of severe headache 30 minutes ago. She has a history of occasional, mild headaches in the morning. There is no other history of serious illness. Both her father and her paternal grandmoth... | E: Saccular aneurysm " |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 56-year-old man presents to the family medicine office since he has been having difficulty keeping his blood pressure under control for the past month. He has a significant medical history of hypertension, coronary artery disease, and diabetes mellitus. He has a prescription for losartan, atenolol, and metformin. T... | C: “What is causing your blood pressure to be elevated?” |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:Twenty minutes after delivery by lower segment cesarean section at 38 weeks' gestation, a 4630-g (10-lb 3-oz) male newborn has respiratory distress. Apgar scores were 7 and 8 at 1 and 5 minutes, respectively. Pregnancy was complicated by gestational diabetes mellitus. His temperature is 36.9°C (98.4°F), pulse is 155/... | A: Supportive care |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 27-year-old gravida 2, para 1 presents to her physician at 21 weeks gestation with decreased sensitivity, tingling, and pain in her right hand that is worse at night and is partially relieved by shaking her hand. She developed these symptoms gradually over the past month. She does not report any trauma to her extre... | E: Immobilization (for example, splinting) should improve the reported outcome in this patient. |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 15-year-old female is brought to the emergency room with high fever and confusion. She complains of chills and myalgias, and physical examination reveals a petechial rash. Petechial biopsy reveals a Gram-negative diplococcus. The patient is at greatest risk for which of the following?? {'A': 'Bilateral adrenal dest... | A: Bilateral adrenal destruction |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 65-year-old man with a history of diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and obesity is transferred from the cardiac catheterization lab to the cardiac critical care unit after sustaining a massive myocardial infarction. He received a bare metal stent and has now stabilized. However, shortly after being transferre... | B: Lidocaine |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 13-year-old girl is brought to the physician by her father because of a worsening pruritic rash for 2 days. Five weeks ago, she was diagnosed with juvenile myoclonic epilepsy and treatment with lamotrigine was begun. Her immunizations are up-to-date. Her temperature is 38.8°C (101.8°F). Physical examination shows f... | B: Increased absolute eosinophil count |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 9-year-old boy is brought to his physician for behavioral problems in school. The patient’s parents have noted that he often will “shake his hands” abnormally at times and does so on his own without provocation. This has persisted for the past year. Additionally, the child has made loud grunting sounds in school th... | C: Excessive hand washing |
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