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Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 32-year-old African American man presents to the office for a routine examination. He has no complaints at this time. Records show that his systolic blood pressure was in the 130–138 range and diastolic blood pressure in the 88–95 range despite counseling on lifestyle modification. He admits that he was not complia... | C: Insulin receptor resistance |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 45-year-old man is brought by his wife with a complaint of an ongoing progressive history of memory problems for 6 months. He is an accountant by profession. He has difficulty remembering things and events, which has affected his job. He began using a diary to aid with remembering his agenda. His wife also says tha... | C: Normal-pressure hydrocephalus |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 69-year-old man presents with granulomatosis with polyangiitis diagnosed about 8 months ago. He was treated appropriately and states that his symptoms are well controlled. He is presenting today for a general follow up visit. His temperature is 99.0°F (37.2°C), blood pressure is 184/104 mmHg, pulse is 88/min, respi... | D: Hypokalemia and metabolic alkalosis |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 55-year-old man comes to the emergency department because of left-sided chest pain and difficulty breathing for the past 30 minutes. His pulse is 88/min. He is pale and anxious. Serum studies show increased cardiac enzymes. An ECG shows ST-elevations in leads I, aVL, and V5-V6. A percutaneous coronary intervention ... | A: Left coronary artery → left circumflex artery |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 28-year-old woman, gravida 1, para 0, at 20 weeks' gestation comes to the physician for genetic counseling. Her brother and maternal uncle both have anemia that worsens after taking certain medications. Based on the pedigree shown, what is the probability that her son will be affected by the disease?? {'A': '25%', ... | A: 25% |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 75-year-old woman with late-onset autoimmune diabetes mellitus, rheumatoid arthritis, coronary artery disease, and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis presents to the ship medic with altered mental status. While on her current cruise to the Caribbean islands, she experienced nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. She takes aspi... | C: Respiratory alkalosis and anion-gap metabolic acidosis |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 31-year-old man is referred to a neurologist due to his gradually increasing eccentric behavior and involuntary movements, especially the movements of his arms and hands. He also has difficulty with his short-term memory. Past medical history is otherwise noncontributory. His father had similar symptoms before he d... | A: Huntington's disease |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 55-year-old man comes to the physician for evaluation prior to parathyroidectomy. A Tc99m-sestamibi scan shows two spots of increased uptake in the superior mediastinum. These spots represent structures that are most likely derived from which of the following embryological precursors?? {'A': '4th branchial pouch', ... | B: 3rd branchial pouch |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 45-year-old obese man presents to his primary care provider for an annual physical. The patient states that he has noticed increased sleepiness during the day at work over the past 6 months in addition to difficulty concentrating and worsening memory. He denies recent weight loss, and is not sure if he snores becau... | E: Sleep apnea |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A new assay for Lyme disease has been developed. While the assay has been tested extensively in Maine, a group of inventors are planning to test it in Southern California. In comparison to the assay's performance in Maine, testing the assay in Southern California would affect the performance of the assay in which of ... | E: Greater likelihood that an individual with a negative test will truly not have Lyme disease " |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 68-year-old male is brought to the emergency department by his wife. An hour earlier, he dropped to the floor and began to violently shake his extremities. He urinated on the carpet and seemed confused for several minutes after. He is now feeling better. He has never experienced an episode like this before, nor doe... | D: Hypertonic saline |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:One day after undergoing an open colectomy, a 65-year-old man with colon cancer experiences shivers. The procedure was originally scheduled to be done laparoscopically, but it was converted because of persistent bleeding. Besides the conversion, the operation was uneventful. Five years ago, he underwent renal transpl... | C: Surgical debridement |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 2-year-old boy is brought to the physician by his mother because of fever and left ear pain for the past 3 days. He has also been frequently rubbing his left ear since he woke up in the morning. He has a history of atopic dermatitis, and his mother is concerned that his symptoms may be caused by him itching at nigh... | B: Oral azithromycin |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 75-year-old Caucasian man presents to the emergency department with abdominal pain. The patient states he was at home eating dinner when he began to experience severe abdominal pain. The patient has a past medical history of diabetes, hypertension, and atherosclerosis. He lives at home alone, smokes cigarettes, and... | C: Cigarette smoking |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 74-year-old gentleman presents to his family practitioner with the complaint of an inability to open his left eye since this morning. He also complains of intermittent pain and numbness in his left arm that has been present for the last few days. He denies ocular pain, difficulty swallowing, fatigability, or diplop... | C: Loss of hemifacial sweating |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 65-year-old female patient with a past medical history of diabetes mellitus and an allergy to penicillin develops an infected abscess positive for MRSA on the third day of her hospital stay. She is started on an IV infusion of vancomycin at a dose of 1000 mg every 12 hours. Vancomycin is eliminated by first-order k... | D: 24 hours |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 27-year-old man presents to his primary care physician with concerns about poor sleep quality. The patient states that he often has trouble falling asleep and that it is negatively affecting his studies. He is nervous that he is going to fail out of graduate school. He states that he recently performed poorly at a ... | B: Cognitive behavioral therapy |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 56-year-old woman presents to the emergency department with a 1-hour history of persistent nasal bleeding. The bleeding started spontaneously. The patient experienced a similar episode last year. Currently, she has hypertension and takes hydrochlorothiazide and losartan. She is anxious. Her blood pressure is 175/88... | C: Nasal oxymetazoline |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A professional musician visits his physician after a morning concert. He complains of painless swelling in his right cheek when he plays his tuba. Physical examination of the patient reveals slight facial asymmetry due to minor swelling on the right side of the face. The skin over the swelling is smooth without any s... | D: CN VII – Buccal branch |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 67-year-old man comes to the emergency department for evaluation of progressively worsening edema and decreased urine output over the past few days. He has a history of chronic sinus infections and was hospitalized last year for a suspected pneumonia with hemoptysis. Physical exam shows bilateral pitting edema of t... | E: No deposits |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 51-year-old man alcoholic presents to the emergency department with persistent vomiting. He was found vomiting forcefully next to an empty bottle of vodka. His medical history is significant for Lyme disease, currently being treated with doxycycline. After a prolonged episode of retching, the patient begins choking... | D: Boerhaave syndrome |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:An 85-year-old woman presents to her physician with complaints of significant weakness and weight loss. She recently has been diagnosed with stage IV breast cancer for which she currently is receiving treatment. She mentions that, despite taking a diet rich in protein and calories, she continues to lose weight. On ph... | D: Activation of NF-κB |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 74-year-old man is brought to the emergency department because of lower abdominal pain for 3 hours. The pain is sharp, constant, and does not radiate. He has not urinated for 24 hours and he has not passed stool for over 3 days. He was diagnosed with herpes zoster 3 weeks ago and has been taking amitriptyline for p... | C: Transurethral catheterization |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 57-year-old man presents with a large wound on his right lower leg that has been present for 6 months as shown in the picture. He has had chronically swollen legs for over 10 years. His mother and brother had similar problems with their legs. He had a documented deep vein thrombosis (DVT) in the affected leg 5 year... | C: Chronic venous insufficiency |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 15-year-old girl is brought into the clinic for a second opinion by her mother. She was recently diagnosed with alopecia areata after having presented to her family doctor with a 2-month history of noticeable bald patches. The mother was concerned because the treatment involved topical steroids. The patient is note... | A: Behavioral therapy |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:Seven hours after undergoing left hip arthroplasty for chronic hip pain, a 67-year-old woman reports a prickling sensation in her left anteromedial thigh and lower leg. Neurologic examination shows left leg strength 3/5 on hip flexion and 2/5 on knee extension. Patellar reflex is decreased on the left. Sensation to p... | B: Femoral nerve injury |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 61-year-old man comes to the physician because of a 3-month history of worsening exertional dyspnea and a persistent dry cough. For 37 years he has worked in a naval shipyard. He has smoked 1 pack of cigarettes daily for the past 40 years. Pulmonary examination shows fine bibasilar end-expiratory crackles. An x-ray... | A: Bronchogenic carcinoma |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A previously healthy 28-year-old woman comes to the physician because of lower abdominal pain and purulent vaginal discharge for the past 5 days. Menses occur at irregular 20 to 40-day intervals and last 4 to 8 days. She is sexually active with a new partner that she met 2 months ago and they use condoms inconsistent... | E: HIV test |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:Scientists are developing a new non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug for osteoarthritis. Their hope is that the new drug will have a higher potency but the same efficacy as ibuprofen in the hope of minimizing gastrointestinal side effects. If ibuprofen is curve C in the figure provided, which of the following would b... | A: Curve A |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 48-year-old man presents to the emergency department with shortness of breath. He reports that 6 months ago he was able to walk several miles without stopping. Yesterday, he became short of breath walking from his bed to the bathroom. He also endorses worsening abdominal distension and leg swelling, which he report... | A: Alcohol cessation |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 28-year-old patient comes to the physician’s office with complaints of headaches and difficulty seeing out of the corner of her eye. She gave birth to her son 1 year ago. Further visual testing reveals the patient has bitemporal hemianopsia. The patient undergoes brain MRI which shows an anterior pituitary mass, li... | E: Thyroid stimulating hormone |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:Several weeks following a kidney transplantation, a 50-year-old Caucasian female presents for evaluation of the transplanted organ. Biopsy shows inflammation involving the endothelial cells of the kidney vasculature and the presence of mononuclear cells in the interstitium. Which cells are most likely responsible for... | B: Recipient T-cells |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 64-year-old woman comes to the physician for her routine health maintenance examination. She feels well. She had cervical cancer and received radiotherapy 8 years ago. Her vital signs are within normal limits. On percussion, the spleen size is 15 cm. Otherwise, the physical examination shows no abnormalities. The l... | B: Dasatinib |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 17-year-old boy is brought to the emergency department after being stabbed with a knife during an altercation. Physical examination shows a 4-cm stab wound on the right lateral border of the T1 spinous process. An MRI of the spinal cord shows damage to the area of the right lateral corticospinal tract at the level ... | E: Absence of right-sided motor function below T1 |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 24-year-old man with type 1 diabetes mellitus is brought to the emergency department because of weakness, abdominal pain, nausea, and one episode of vomiting for 1 day. He has not taken his insulin for 3 days. His pulse is 125/min and respirations are 29/min. Examination shows dry mucous membranes. His breath has a... | A: ↓ ↓ ↑ ↑ |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A group of researchers is looking to study the effect of body weight on blood pressure in the elderly. Previous work measuring body weight and blood pressure at 2-time points in a large group of healthy individuals revealed that a 10% increase in body weight was accompanied by a 7 mm Hg increase in blood pressure. If... | C: Pearson’s correlation |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 80-year-old man is brought to the emergency department with complaints that he "can’t control his left leg”. His symptoms started a few hours ago. He was outside taking a walk with his wife when suddenly his leg shot out and kicked her. His past medical history is notable for diabetes, hypertension, and a myocardia... | D: Right subthalamic nucleus |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 23-year-old college student presents with his parents for a follow-up appointment. He was recently diagnosed with schizophrenia and was started on risperidone approx. 2 months ago. He reports a significant improvement since the start of treatment. His parents report that their son’s symptoms of delusions, hallucina... | B: Akathisia |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 53-year-old woman with type 2 diabetes mellitus is admitted for evaluation of recurrent episodes of nausea, tremors, and excessive sweating. She works as a nurse and reports self-measured blood glucose levels below 50 mg/dL on several occasions. Her family history is positive for borderline personality disorder. Th... | B: Ask the patient if she is taking any medications other than metformin |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 25-year old Caucasian female presents with symptoms of Graves' disease. Her doctor prescribes medications and sends the patient home. After two months of therapy, the patient returns upset that her exophthalmos has not gone away. Which of the following drugs should the physician have prescribed to treat the exophth... | D: Corticosteroids |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 42-year-old woman is brought to the emergency department because of intermittent sharp right upper quadrant abdominal pain and nausea for the past 10 hours. She vomited three times. There is no associated fever, chills, diarrhea, or urinary symptoms. She has two children who both attend high school. She appears unc... | B: Transabdominal ultrasonography |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 12-month-old girl is brought to her pediatrician for a checkup and vaccines. The patient’s mother wants to send her to daycare but is worried about exposure to unvaccinated children and other potential sources of infection. The toddler was born at 39 weeks gestation via spontaneous vaginal delivery. She is up to da... | B: MMR vaccine |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 72-year-old patient is referred to an ophthalmologist because he has noticed some mild discomfort in his eyes though his vision remains unchanged. He cannot recall when this feeling started. His past medical history is significant for diabetes mellitus and two myocardial infarctions that have led to significant car... | B: It decreases intracellular cyclic AMP levels |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A baby is born after the 32nd gestational week by cesarean delivery. The mother suffered from gestational diabetes; however, she had no other pregnancy-related diseases and was otherwise healthy. The baby has a blood pressure of 100/58 mm Hg, heart rate of 104/min, and oxygen saturation of 88%. The child has tachypne... | A: Neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (NRDS) |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:Eight days after sigmoid resection for acute diverticulitis, a 61-year-old man has left-sided flank pain. He has been on bowel rest since admission. Other than multiple admissions for alcohol withdrawal, he has no history of serious illness. Current medications include intravenous cefepime and morphine. His temperatu... | B: Impaired activation of factor VII |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:An otherwise healthy 14-year-old girl is brought to the emergency room by her father because of excessive thirst, excessive urination, and weight loss. Her symptoms started acutely 5 days ago. Vital signs reveal a temperature of 36.6°C (97.8°F), blood pressure of 100/65 mm Hg, and pulse of 105/min. Physical examinati... | D: Basal-bolus insulin |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:An 8-year old boy is brought to the emergency department because he has been lethargic and has had several episodes of nausea and vomiting for the past day. He has also had increased thirst over the past two months. He has lost 5.4 kg (11.9 lbs) during this time. He is otherwise healthy and has no history of serious ... | A: Intravenous hydration with 0.9% normal saline and insulin |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 27-year-old woman presents with a history of repeated episodes of discoloration of the fingers over the last 3 years. She mentions that the episodes are usually triggered by exposure to cold, which leads to a sequential white, blue, and red discoloration of her fingers, followed by resolution of the symptoms. Durin... | E: Bilateral symmetrical involvement of the extremities |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 4-month-old boy is brought to the physician by his parents for a well-child examination. He has cystic fibrosis diagnosed by newborn screening. His parents report frequent feedings and large-volume and greasy stools. His 4-year-old brother has autism. Current medications include bronchodilators, pancreatic enzyme s... | E: History of intussusception |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 50-year-old woman comes to the physician because of blisters on her forearm that appeared 3 days ago. She also reports pain in her left cheek when eating and pain during sexual intercourse for the past week. She has not been sick for the past 6 months. She has started hiking in the woods on the weekends with her so... | E: Pemphigus vulgaris |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 30-year-old man presents to his primary care physician for pain in his left ankle. The patient states that he was at karate practice when he suddenly felt severe pain in his ankle forcing him to stop. The patient has a past medical history notable for type I diabetes and is currently being treated for an episode of... | A: Change antibiotics and refrain from athletic activities |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:An investigator is studying the replication of a virus in denucleated embryonic fibroblasts. After the fibroblasts are infected with the virus, viral proteins are directly translated from the virion's genetic material using fibroblast ribosomes. The resultant large polypeptides are then cleaved into smaller peptides ... | E: Coxsackievirus |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 35-year-old man with a past medical history of HIV is hospitalized with a disseminated zoster infection and treated with IV acyclovir. His course of illness worsens on the 4th day after admission and his creatinine level increases to 4.2 mg/dL. Urinalysis shows birefringent needle-shaped crystals. What could have p... | D: Adequate initial hydration |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 81-year-old man presents to his primary care physician with a 4-month history of shortness of breath. He says that he has slowly lost the ability to do things due to fatigue and now gets winded after walking around the house. He also says that his cough has been getting worse and seems to be producing more sputum. ... | B: Cardiomegaly and increased bronchial markings |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 72-year-old man presents to his primary care physician because he feels like his vision has been changing over the last 6 months. In particular, he feels that he cannot see as well out of his right eye as previously. His past medical history is significant for myocardial infarction as well as Lyme disease. On prese... | D: Pancoast tumor |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 5-year-old boy is brought to the emergency department after he fell on the playground in kindergarten and was unable to get up. His right leg was found to be bent abnormally at the femur, and he was splinted on site by first responders. His past medical history is significant for multiple prior fractures in his lef... | C: Increased adenylyl cyclase activity |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 32-year-old woman is brought to the emergency department after she started convulsing in the office. She has no previous history of seizures and recovers by the time she arrives at the emergency department. She says that over the last 2 days she has also experienced insomnia, abdominal pain, and dark urine. Her pas... | D: Porphobilinogen deaminase |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 3-year-old is brought to the pediatrician by his mother because she is concerned about recent changes to his behavior. She states that he has seemed to regress in his motor development and has been having occasional brief episodes of uncontrollable shaking. During the subsequent work up, a muscle biopsy is obtained... | A: There is a 100% he will be affected, but the severity may be different |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A group of researchers studying the relationship between major depressive disorder and unprovoked seizures identified 36 patients via chart review who had been rehospitalized for unprovoked seizures following discharge from an inpatient psychiatric unit and 105 patients recently discharged from the same unit who did ... | D: 2.5 |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 56-year-old man of Nepalese origin presents to a clinic complaining of skin rashes that have been troubling him for years. On examination, there are numerous poorly demarcated skin lesions present on all parts of the body. There is also evidence of significant facial thickening, eyebrow loss, and symmetrical sensor... | A: Dapsone |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 16-year-old girl comes to the physician because of episodic lower abdominal pain for 5 months. The pain starts to occur a few hours before her menses and lasts for 2–3 days. Ibuprofen helped reduce the pain in the first months but has no effect now. She has missed a couple of days at school because of severe pain. ... | D: Oral contraceptive pill |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A medical examiner was called to investigate the death of a 75-year-old type 1 diabetic Caucasian male who was a retired physician. His caretaker discovered his body in the bedroom with an empty syringe and a small bottle of lispro lying on the nightstand. She explains that his wife of 50 years passed away six months... | C: Glucose: 25 mg/dL, high insulin and absent C-peptide levels |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 52-year-old woman makes a follow-up appointment with her primary care physician for evaluation of her diabetes medications. Specifically, she complains that she has been experiencing flushing, nausea, and palpitations after drinking a glass of wine with dinner after she started the latest regimen for her diabetes. ... | E: Weight gain |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 3-year-old girl is brought to the physician by her mother two days after the sudden onset of a rash. The mother says that the rash developed an hour after she bathed the child in lukewarm water. Two weeks ago, the patient was diagnosed with a skin infection and was treated with penicillin V. She has been otherwise ... | A: Multiple injuries in different stages of healing |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:An 2-year-old girl with a history of SS-hemoglobin is brought to her pediatrician by her mother, who noted an abdominal mass. On exam, the girl's spleen is palpably enlarged, and her palms and conjunctiva are noted to be extremely pale. Serum haptoglobin levels are normal. Which of the following is the most likely ca... | B: Extravascular hemolysis |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 19-year-old woman comes to the physician because of a delayed menstrual period. She has had regular menses since menarche at age 11. Her last menstrual period was 7 weeks ago. She is sexually active with two male partners. A urine pregnancy test is positive. An ultrasound of the pelvis shows a viable intrauterine p... | B: Blockage of progesterone receptor |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 97-year-old man visits the urology clinic 5 days after experiencing urinary retention at an emergency department visit. The patient has a history of hypertension, type II diabetes mellitus, stroke, dyslipidemia, a past myocardial infarction, and severe osteoarthritis in his right hip. He is not compliant with his m... | D: Reassurance |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 66-year-old woman presents to the emergency department with lower extremity pain. She reports that she has had worsening pain in her left calf over the past year while walking. The pain improves with rest, but the patient notes that she now has to stop walking more frequently than in the past to relieve the pain. T... | B: Aspirin and atorvastatin |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 50-year-old man comes to the emergency department for evaluation of right-sided facial weakness that he noticed after waking up. One month ago, he also experienced right-sided neck pain and headache that began after returning from a hunting trip to New Hampshire the week before. He took ibuprofen to relieve symptom... | D: Enzyme‑linked immunosorbent assay |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 5-year-old boy is brought to the physician because of a 10-day history of intermittent fevers and painful swelling of the right ankle. He has not had trauma to the ankle. He has a history of sickle cell disease and had an episode of dactylitis of his left index finger 3 years ago. Current medications include hydrox... | D: Salmonella enterica |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 34-year-old woman presents to the emergency department with moderate right wrist pain after falling on her outstretched hand. She has numbness in the 3 medial digits. The patient has no known previous medical conditions. Her family history is not pertinent, and she currently takes no medications. Physical examinati... | B: Lunate dislocation |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 28-year-old woman visits the clinic expressing a desire to become pregnant. She was seen for depressed mood and disinterest in her usual leisure activities a few months ago. She also had decreased sleep and appetite and was not able to concentrate at work. She was started on fluoxetine and has been compliant for th... | A: It can cause anorgasmia. |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 67-year-old man presents to his primary care provider because of fatigue and loss of appetite. He is also concerned that his legs are swollen below the knee. He has had type 2 diabetes for 35 years, for which he takes metformin and glyburide. Today his temperature is 36.5°C (97.7°F), the blood pressure is 165/82 mm... | C: Cellular casts in urinalysis |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 33-year-old woman presents to the clinic complaining of yellowish discoloration of her skin and eyes, mild fever, and body aches. She has had this problem for 6 months, but it has become worse over the past few weeks. She also complains of repeated bouts of bloody diarrhea and abdominal pain. The past medical histo... | C: Perinuclear anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (p-ANCA) |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:An 11-year-old male presents to the pediatrician with his mother for evaluation of difficulty walking. His mother reports that the patient was walking normally until about a year ago, when he started to complain of weakness in his legs. He seems to be less steady on his feet than before, and he has fallen twice at ho... | E: Trinucleotide (GAA) repeat expansion on chromosome 9 |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 4-month-old girl is brought to the physician by her mother because of a 4-day history of vomiting, poor feeding, and more frequent napping. She appears lethargic. Her vital signs are within normal limits. Physical examination shows a bulging, tense anterior fontanelle. Fundoscopic exam shows bilateral retinal hemor... | B: Shearing head injury |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 27-year-old G1P0 at 12 weeks estimated gestational age presents for prenatal care. The patient says she has occasional nausea and vomiting and a few episodes of palpitations and diarrhea this last week. Physical examination is unremarkable, except for a heart rate of 145/min. Basic thyroid function tests are shown ... | B: Free thyroxine (T4) levels |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 1-year-old girl is brought to the physician for follow-up examination 1 week after admission to the hospital for bacterial pneumonia. She has had multiple episodes of purulent otitis media and infectious diarrhea since the age of 6 months. She underwent treatment for oral thrush 1 month ago. There is no family hist... | C: Decreased circulating T cells |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 30-year-old man presents to his primary care doctor for a 2 month follow-up appointment. He had recently separated from his male partner of 10 years and has been struggling to maintain his weight and the rigors of work in a new start-up company. At his initial visit, he was prescribed escitalopram. 2 weeks later, t... | A: Continue escitalopram on day of surgery and continue afterwards for 4 more months |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 66-year-old man comes to the physician because of difficulty walking for the past year. He reports that his gait has become slower and that initiating steps has become more challenging. During the past 6 months, his family has noticed that he is starting to forget important family meetings and holidays. On a number... | C: Decreased cerebrospinal fluid absorption |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 67-year-old woman presents with right leg pain and swelling of 5 days’ duration. She has a history of hypertension for 15 years and had a recent hospitalization for pneumonia. She had been recuperating at home but on beginning to mobilize and walk, the right leg became painful and swollen. Her temperature is 37.1°C... | A: Wells’ clinical probability tool |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 71-year-old man with Hodgkin lymphoma is admitted to the hospital with lower back pain and no urine output over the last 12 hours. Physical examination shows inguinal lymphadenopathy. There is no suprapubic fullness or tenderness. Serum creatinine is elevated compared to 1 week prior. A contrast-enhanced CT scan of... | B: Perform ureteral stenting |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 30-year-old African-American woman comes to the physician for a routine checkup. She feels well. She has a history of type 2 diabetes mellitus that is well-controlled with metformin. Her mother died of a progressive lung disease at the age of 50 years. The patient is sexually active with her husband, and they use c... | D: Monitoring |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A research scientist attempts to understand the influence of carbon dioxide content in blood on its oxygen binding. The scientist adds carbon dioxide to dog blood and measures the uptake of oxygen in the blood versus oxygen pressure in the peripheral tissue. He notes in one dog that with the addition of carbon dioxid... | C: High partial pressure of CO2 in tissues facilitates O2 unloading in peripheral tissues |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A young man about to leave for his freshman year of college visits his physician in order to ensure that his immunizations are up-to-date. Because he is living in a college dormitory, his physician gives him a vaccine that prevents meningococcal disease. What type of vaccine did this patient likely receive?? {'A': 'L... | D: Conjugated polysaccharide |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 29-year-old woman comes to the military physician because of a 2-day history of fever, joint pain, dry cough, chest pain, and a painful red rash on her lower legs. Two weeks ago, she returned from military training in Southern California. She appears ill. Her temperature is 39°C (102.1°F). Physical examination show... | A: Spherules filled with endospores |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:a 34-year-old G2P2 woman presents to her obstetrician because of new onset discharge from her breast. She first noticed it in her bra a few days ago, but now she notes that at times she's soaking through to her blouse, which is mortifying. She was also concerned about being pregnant because she has not gotten her per... | D: Cabergoline |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 65-year-old woman returns to the outpatient oncology clinic to follow up on her recently diagnosed breast cancer. A few months ago, she noticed a lump during a breast self-exam that was shown to be breast cancer. A lumpectomy revealed invasive ductal carcinoma that was estrogen- and progesterone receptor-positive w... | D: Inhibit peripheral conversion of androgens to estrogen |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 17-year-old girl comes to the emergency department because of numbness around her mouth and uncontrolled twitching of the mouth for the past 30 minutes. Her symptoms began while she was at a concert. Her temperature is 37°C (98.6°F), pulse is 69/min, and respirations are 28/min. When the blood pressure cuff is infl... | A: Decreased cerebral blood flow |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 68-year-old woman is brought to the emergency department after being found unresponsive in her bedroom in a nursing home facility. Her past medical history is relevant for hypertension, diagnosed 5 years ago, for which she has been prescribed a calcium channel blocker and a thiazide diuretic. Upon admission, she is... | A: Charcot-Bouchard aneurysm rupture |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:An 11-year-old boy presents to his pediatrician with muscle cramps and fatigue that have progressively worsened over the past year. His mom says that he has always had occasional symptoms including abdominal pain, muscle weakness, and mild paresthesias; however, since starting middle school these symptoms have starte... | C: Hydrochlorothiazide |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 67-year-old man with a 55-pack-year smoking history, diabetes type II, and hyperlipidemia presents to his primary care clinic for an annual exam. He has no complaints. He reports that his blood glucose has been under tight control and that he has not smoked a cigarette for the past 5 months. His temperature is 97.5... | D: Renal ultrasound with Doppler |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 7-year-old girl presents to a new pediatrician with fever, shortness of breath, and productive cough. She had similar symptoms a few weeks ago. The girl was born at 39 weeks gestation via spontaneous vaginal delivery. She is up to date on all vaccines and is meeting all developmental milestones. A further review of... | D: Polymorphonuclear leukocytes containing giant inclusion bodies |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 16-year-old female presents to her pediatrician's office requesting to be started on an oral contraceptive pill. She has no significant past medical history and is not currently taking any medications. The physician is a devout member of the Roman Catholic church and is strongly opposed to the use of any type of ar... | D: Explain that he will refer the patient to one of his partners who can fulfill this request |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 14-year-old boy presents to the emergency department with an intractable nosebleed. Pinching of the nose has failed to stop the bleed. The patient is otherwise healthy and has no history of trauma or hereditary bleeding disorders. His temperature is 98.9°F (37.2°C), blood pressure is 120/64 mmHg, pulse is 85/min, r... | C: Kiesselbach plexus |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 27-year-old male arrives in the emergency department with a stab wound over the precordial chest wall. The patient is in distress and is cold, sweaty, and pale. Initial physical examination is significant for muffled heart sounds, distended neck veins, and a 3 cm stab wound near the left sternal border. Breath soun... | D: 15 mmHg decrease in systolic blood pressure with inspiration |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 51-year-old woman comes to the physician because of a 3-day history of worsening shortness of breath, nonproductive cough, and sharp substernal chest pain. The chest pain worsens on inspiration and on lying down. The patient was diagnosed with breast cancer 2 months ago and was treated with mastectomy followed by a... | C: Neutrophilic infiltration of the pericardium |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 45-year-old man is brought into the clinic by his wife. She reports that her husband has been feeling down since he lost a big project at work 2 months ago. The patient says he feels unmotivated to work or do things around the house. He also says he is not eating or sleeping as usual and spends most of his day paci... | A: Lightheadedness |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 35-year-old African-American female presents to the emergency room complaining of chest pain. She also complains of recent onset arthritis and increased photosensitivity. Physical examination reveals bilateral facial rash. Which of the following is most likely to be observed in this patient?? {'A': 'Pain improves w... | B: Pain relieved by sitting up and leaning forward |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 61-year-old woman presents to her primary care doctor with her son who reports that his mother is not acting like herself. She has gotten lost while driving several times in the past 2 months and appears to be talking to herself frequently. Of note, the patient’s husband died from a stroke 4 months ago. The patient... | D: Rivastigmine |
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