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Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 24-year-old woman is brought to the physician for the evaluation of fatigue for the past 6 months. During this period, she has had recurrent episodes of constipation and diarrhea. She also reports frequent nausea and palpitations. She works as a nurse at a local hospital. She has tried cognitive behavioral therapy,... | A: Administration of fluoxetine |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 50-year-old woman comes to the physician because of intermittent pain and numbness in her right hand for 6 weeks. She has a pins-and-needles sensation that worsens at night and is relieved when she shakes her hand. She also has episodic left knee pain throughout the day. She has a history of hypertension controlled... | A: L-thyroxine |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 13-year-old female presents to the emergency room complaining of severe abdominal pain. She reports acute onset of diffuse abdominal pain twelve hours prior to presentation. She has vomited twice and has not had a bowel movement in that time. She is in the fetal position because it relieves the pain. Her past medic... | E: STK11 |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 34-year-old woman presents to her OB/GYN with complaints of missing her last 3 periods as well as intermittent spontaneous milky-white nipple discharge bilaterally for the past 3 months. Vital signs are stable and within normal limits. Neurologic examination is without abnormality, including normal visual fields. S... | D: Increased prolactin, decreased FSH, decreased LH |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 29-year-old primigravid woman at 24 weeks' gestation comes to the physician for a prenatal visit. She feels well. She has no personal history of serious illness. Medications include iron supplements and a multivitamin. Her temperature is 37.2°C (99°F) and blood pressure is 108/60 mm Hg. Pelvic examination shows a u... | A: Hypocalcemia |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 45-year-old man walks into an urgent care clinic complaining of a headache and dizziness. Earlier today he was in his normal state of health when symptoms started and lasted about 20 minutes. He did not lose consciousness or actually vomit. He also mentions that he was sweating a lot at that time. He has had simila... | C: Pale skin |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 68-year-old male with past history of hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and a 30 pack/year smoking history presents to his primary care physician for his annual physical. Because of his age and past smoking history, he is sent for screening abdominal ultrasound. He is found to have a 4 cm infrarenal abdominal aortic an... | A: Abdominal, back, or groin pain |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:Twelve hours after undergoing a femoral artery embolectomy, an 84-year-old man is found unconscious on the floor by his hospital bed. He had received a patient-controlled analgesia pump after surgery. He underwent 2 coronary bypass surgeries, 2 and 6 years ago. He has coronary artery disease, hypertension, hyperchole... | B: A new left bundle branch block on an ECG |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:An 8-year-old boy is brought to the physician because of a 2-month history of headaches. He is at the 25th percentile for weight and 80th percentile for height. His vital signs are within normal limits. Physical examination shows no abnormalities. CT scan of the head shows a small suprasellar cystic mass compressing ... | C: Prolactin |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 39-year-old woman comes to the physician because of recurrent episodes of severe pain over her neck, back, and shoulders for the past year. The pain worsens with exercise and lack of sleep. Use of over-the-counter analgesics have not resolved her symptoms. She also has stiffness of the shoulders and knees and tingl... | B: Fibromyalgia |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A cross-sectional study of 650 patients with confirmed bronchogenic carcinoma was conducted in patients of all age groups in order to establish a baseline picture for further mortality comparisons. All patients were investigated using thoracic ultrasound and computed tomography of the chest. Also, data about the size... | D: Uncover more indolent cases of the disease preferentially |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A randomized, controlled trial was undertaken by a team of clinical researchers to evaluate a new drug for the treatment of cluster headaches. This type of headache (that mostly affects men) is characterized by excruciating pain on 1 side of the head. After careful randomization and controlling for all of the known c... | B: Response bias |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A previously healthy 15-year-old girl is brought to the physician by her parents for lethargy, increased thirst, and urinary frequency for 10 days. She is 173 cm (5 ft 8 in) tall and weighs 54 kg (120 lb); BMI is 18 kg/m2. Physical examination shows no abnormalities. Her serum glucose concentration is 224 mg/dL. A ur... | D: T-cell infiltration of pancreatic islets |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:Last night you admitted a 72-year-old woman with severe COPD in respiratory distress. She is currently intubated and sedated and her family is at bedside. At the completion of morning rounds, the patient's adult son asks that you and the team take a minute to pray with him for his mother. What is the most appropriate... | B: "I understand what you are experiencing and am happy to take a minute." |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A previously healthy 32-year-old man comes to the physician because of a 2-month history of fatigue and daytime sleepiness. He works as an accountant and cannot concentrate at work anymore. He also has depressed mood and no longer takes pleasure in activities he used to enjoy, such as playing tennis with his friends.... | C: Decreased libido |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 20-year-old woman is brought to the emergency department with a puncture wound on the right side of her chest. She was walking to her apartment when she was assaulted. As she resisted to give up her purse, the assailant stabbed her in the chest with a knife and ran away. She is in severe respiratory distress. Her h... | C: Equal intrapleural and atmospheric pressures |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 54-year-old man electively underwent an open cholecystectomy for his cholelithiasis. The procedure was performed under general anesthesia with inhaled anesthetic agents after induction with an intravenous agent. The surgeon operated quickly, and the procedure was uncomplicated. As the surgery ended, the anesthesia ... | E: Diffusion hypoxia |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 37-year-old woman presents to clinic for routine checkup. She has no complaints with the exception of occasional "shortness of breath." Her physical examination is unremarkable with the exception of a "snap"-like sound after S2, followed by a rumbling murmur. You notice that this murmur is heard best at the cardiac... | D: Repeated episodes of streptococcal pharyngitis as a child |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 57-year-old man comes to the emergency department because of shortness of breath and palpitations for 3 hours. He has had similar episodes intermittently for 4 months. His pulse is 140/min and blood pressure is 90/60 mm Hg. An ECG shows irregular narrow-complex tachycardia with no discernable P waves. Emergent elec... | A: Decreased AV nodal conduction |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 53-year-old man presents to your Louisiana gulf coast community hospital with 48 hours of profuse watery diarrhea and 24 hours of vomiting and chills. The patient has a past medical history significant for hypertension and hypercholesterolemia. The patient denies sick contacts or any interaction with animals for th... | C: Vibrio vulnificus |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 59-year-old presents with right-sided hemiparesis, right-sided sensory loss, leftward eye deviation, and slurred speech. A head CT is performed which is significant for a hyperdense lesion affecting the putamen. The patient has a history of hypertension treated with hydrochlorothiazide, but is non-adherent. Which o... | B: Vessel lipohyalinosis and microaneurysm formation |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 58-year-old man is brought to the Emergency Department after 2 days of shortness breath, orthopnea, and lower limb edema. His past medical history is significant for hypertension and a myocardial infarction 3 years ago that required a coronary arterial bypass graft. He has not been able to take prescribed medicine ... | A: Diuretic therapy |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 28-year-old woman presents to discuss the results of her Pap smear. Her previous Pap smear 1 year ago showed atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance. This year the Pap smear was negative. She had a single pregnancy with a cesarean delivery. Currently, she and her partner do not use contraception becaus... | E: HPV vaccination is not recommended for women older than 26 years of age. |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 9-year-old girl is brought to the emergency room by her parents with severe shortness of breath, cough, and wheezing after playing with her friends in the garden. She has a history of bronchial asthma. Her vital signs are as follows: respiratory rate 39/min, pulse 121/min, blood pressure 129/67 mm Hg, and temperatu... | D: Inhaled albuterol |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 45-year-old woman presents to the emergency department due to new-onset symptoms of asthma. She reports that the asthmatic attacks started a week ago. The past medical history includes gastroesophageal reflux disease and hepatitis B. On physical examination, the patient has bilateral foot drop as well as numbness a... | B: p-ANCA |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 45-year-old man is brought to the physician for a follow-up examination. Three weeks ago, he was hospitalized and treated for spontaneous bacterial peritonitis. He has alcoholic liver cirrhosis and hypothyroidism. His current medications include spironolactone, lactulose, levothyroxine, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazol... | B: Recurrent variceal hemorrhage |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:Three days after delivery of a male newborn, a 36-year-old gravida 1, para 1 woman has fever and pain in her left leg. Pregnancy was complicated by premature rupture of membranes; the child was delivered at 35 weeks' gestation by lower segment transverse cesarean section because of a nonreassuring fetal heart rate. T... | A: Low molecular weight heparin |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:Three hours later, the patient is reassessed. Her right arm is put in an elevated position and physical examination of the extremity is performed. The examination reveals reduced capillary return and peripheral pallor. Pulse oximetry of her right index finger on room air shows an oxygen saturation of 84%. Which of th... | E: Perform escharotomy |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 65-year-old man comes to the emergency department because of sudden, worsening pain in his right calf and foot that started 30 minutes ago. He also has a tingling sensation and weakness in his right leg. He has had no similar episodes, recent trauma, or claudication. He has type 2 diabetes mellitus and was diagnose... | D: Arterial embolism |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 24-year-old woman comes to the physician because of a 3-day history of lower abdominal pain and dysuria. She has a history of recurring urinary tract infections that have resolved with antibiotic treatment. She is sexually active with one male partner and they do not use condoms. She had mild pain during her last s... | E: Intramuscular ceftriaxone and oral doxycycline |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 33-year-old woman presents to a walk-in clinic for evaluation of some bumps around her eyes. The bumps are not itchy or painful. They have been getting larger since appearing last year. She has no other complaints. She has not sought out medical attention for the last 20 years due to lack of insurance coverage. Her... | C: Fasting lipid profile alone |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 55-year-old man comes to the physician because of a 2-day history of severe perianal pain and bright red blood in his stool. Examination shows a bulging, red nodule at the rim of the anal opening. Which of the following arteries is the most likely source of blood to the mass found during examination?? {'A': 'Deep c... | B: Internal pudendal |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 35-year-old man attends an appointment with a fertility specialist together with his wife. The couple has been attempting to conceive for over 2 years but without success. She has recently undergone a comprehensive gynecological exam and all the results were normal. He states that he has no prior medical history to... | E: Presence of Barr body |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 62-year-old woman is hospitalized after a recent viral illness complicated by congestive heart failure. She has a past medical history of obesity and hypertension controlled on lisinopril but was otherwise healthy until she developed fatigue and edema after a recent viral illness. In the hospital, she is started on... | C: Leukocyte esterase positive |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 36-year-old right-handed man presents with complaints of difficulty writing for the past 6 months. He denies right-hand weakness, numbness, pain, and trauma. He can do most normal activities with his right hand, but whenever he holds a pen and starts to write, he experiences painful muscle spasms in his hand and ar... | A: Botulinum injection |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 37-year-old G1P0 at 15 weeks gestation presents for an amniocentesis after a routine triple screen demonstrated a mildly elevated serum AFP. A chromosomal analysis revealed the absence of a second sex chromosome. Which of the following features will the infant most likely have?? {'A': 'Mental retardation', 'B': 'Ma... | E: Streak ovaries |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 16-year-old boy is brought to his primary care physician for evaluation of visual loss and is found to have lens subluxation. In addition, he is found to have mild scoliosis that is currently being monitored. Physical exam reveals a tall and thin boy with long extremities. Notably, his fingers and toes are extended... | C: Locus heterogeneity |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 19-year-old woman comes to the physician because of increased sweating for the past 6 months. She experiences severe sweating that is triggered by stressful situations and speaking in public. She is failing one of her university classes because of her avoidance of public speaking. She has not had any fevers, chills... | E: Glycopyrrolate |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 73-year-old man is admitted to the hospital for jaundice and weight loss. He is an immigrant from the Dominican Republic and speaks little English. A CT scan is performed showing a large mass at the head of the pancreas. When you enter the room to discuss these results with the patient, his daughter and son ask to ... | A: Explore the reasoning behind the children's reluctance to have their father know his prognosis |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 55-year-old man is seen in the hospital for new onset shortness of breath. The patient was hospitalized 5 days ago after initially presenting with chest pain. He was found to have an ST-elevation myocardial infarction. He underwent percutaneous coronary intervention with stent placement with resolution of his chest... | D: Papillary muscle rupture |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A mother brings her 2-year-old son to your office after she noticed a “sore on the back of his throat.” She states that her son had a fever and was complaining of throat pain 2 days ago. The child has also been fussy and eating poorly. On examination, the child has met all appropriate developmental milestones and app... | C: Coxsackievirus A |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:You are called to the bedside of a 75-year-old woman, who is post-op day 4 from a right total hip replacement. The patient appears agitated; she is trying to pull out her IV, and for the past 4 hours she has been accusing the nursing staff of trying to poison her. Her family notes that this behavior is completely dif... | C: Amyloid accumulation |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 53-year-old man presents to the emergency department with a complaint of chest pain for 5 hours. The chest pain is continuous and squeezing in nature, not relieved by aspirin, and not related to the position of respiration. The blood pressure was 102/64 mm Hg, and the heart rate was 73/min. On physical examination,... | B: Coagulative necrosis |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 44-year-old man presents to the clinic with recurrent epigastric pain following meals for a month. He adds that the pain radiates up his neck and throat. Over the counter antacids have not helped. On further questioning, he endorses foul breath upon waking in the morning and worsening of pain when lying down. He de... | C: Lansoprazole |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 37-year-old woman, gravida 3, para 2, at 35 weeks' gestation is brought to the emergency department for the evaluation of lower abdominal and back pain and vaginal bleeding that started one hour ago. She has had no prenatal care. Her first two pregnancies were uncomplicated and her children were delivered vaginally... | B: Vaginal delivery |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 28-year-old woman presents with right lower quadrant abdominal pain, fatigue, and low-volume diarrhea of intermittent frequency for the past 4 months. She also reports weight loss and believes it to be due to a decreased appetite. She has noticed herself being more "forgetful" and she denies seeing any blood in her... | D: Ileum |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 43-year-old man with a history of untreated HIV presents with fever, shortness of breath, and a nonproductive cough for the past week. Past medical history is significant for HIV diagnosed 10 years ago and never treated. His most recent CD4+ T cell count was 105/µL. Physical examination reveals bilateral crepitus o... | B: Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 1-week-old male newborn is brought to the physician for a follow-up examination after the results of newborn screening showed an increased serum concentration of phenylalanine. Genetic analysis confirms a diagnosis of phenylketonuria. The physician counsels the patient's family on the recommended dietary restrictio... | B: Dipeptidase |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:An American doctor is on an outreach trip to visit local communities in Ethiopia. In one clinic, he found many cases of children ages 2–5 years who have significantly low weight and height for their age. These children also had pale sclerae, distended abdomens, dermatoses, and marked edema in the lower extremities. M... | E: Methionine |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:Under what physiologic state is the endogenous human analog of nesiritide produced?? {'A': 'Increased external stress', 'B': 'Increased ventricular stretch', 'C': 'Increased intracranial pressure', 'D': 'Increased circulatory volume presenting to the kidneys', 'E': 'Decreased circulatory volume presenting to the kidn... | B: Increased ventricular stretch |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 9-year-old boy is brought to the physician for a well-child examination. His mother says his teachers report him being easily distracted, lagging behind his classmates in most of the subjects, and frequently falling asleep during class. She says that her son has complained of leg pain on multiple occasions. He is a... | C: Myotonic dystrophy |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 56-year old man is brought in by ambulance to the emergency department and presents with altered consciousness, confabulation, and widespread rash. He is recognized as a homeless man that lives in the area with a past medical history is significant for traumatic brain injury 4 years ago and chronic gastritis. He al... | A: Hydroxylation of proline residues |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:An 8-year-old girl is brought to the emergency department by her parents because she complained of very fast heartbeats. The patient has previously been healthy without any childhood illnesses and has not needed to visit a physician in the past 2 years. On examination, the heart rate is 198/min. Further examination b... | C: Ebstein anomaly |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 78-year-old man with advanced lung cancer with metastases to the brain is brought to the physician by his daughter, with whom he lives. The daughter reports that her father's condition has been slowly deteriorating over the past 2 months. His seizures have been poorly controlled despite maximal medical therapy. He ... | D: """Your father is only eligible if his life expectancy is less than 6 months.""" |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 26-year-old G1P0 mother is in the delivery room in labor. Her unborn fetus is known to have a patent urachus. Which of the following abnormalities would you expect to observe in the infant?? {'A': 'Myelomeningocele', 'B': 'Gastroschisis', 'C': 'Omphalocele', 'D': 'Meconium discharge from umbilicus', 'E': 'Urine dis... | E: Urine discharge from umbilicus |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 44-year-old woman is being treated by her oncologist for metastatic breast cancer. The patient had noticed severe weight loss and a fixed breast mass over the past 8 months but refused to see a physician until her husband brought her in. Surgery is scheduled, and the patient is given an initial dose of radiation th... | C: Induction therapy |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 50-year-old man presents to the emergency department with chief complaints of abdominal pain, distension, and bloody diarrhea for a day. Abdominal pain was episodic in nature and limited to the left lower quadrant. It was also associated with nausea and vomiting. He also has a history of postprandial abdominal pain... | E: Atherosclerosis |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 46-year-old man comes to the physician for routine physical examination. His blood pressure is 158/96 mm Hg. Physical examination shows no abnormalities. Serum studies show a potassium concentration of 3.1 mEq/L. His plasma aldosterone concentration (PAC) to plasma renin activity (PRA) ratio is 47 (N < 10). A salin... | B: Eplerenone therapy |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:In a routine medical examination, an otherwise healthy 12-year-old by is noted to have tall stature with a wide arm span and slight scoliosis. Chest auscultation reveals a heart murmur. Transthoracic echocardiography shows an enlarged aortic root and aortic valve insufficiency. Mutations in mutations in fibrillin-1 g... | B: Aortic aneurysm |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 5-day-old boy is brought to the emergency department by his mother because of a 2-day history of difficulty feeding and multiple episodes of his lips turning blue. He was born at home via spontaneous vaginal delivery and Apgar scores were 7 and 8 at 1 and 5 minutes, respectively. Physical examination shows grunting... | A: Failure of neural crest cell migration |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 58-year-old woman presents to her primary care doctor with her husband. The patient's husband reports that his wife has been acting "funny" ever since she was in a motor vehicle accident 2 months ago. She's been very rude to him, their children, and her friends, often saying inappropriate things. She is not interes... | E: Frontal lobe |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 32-year-old woman presents to a psychiatrist to discuss a recent event in her life. At a social function 2 days back, she met a man who introduced himself as having worked with her at another private company 3 years ago. However, she did not recognize him. She also says that she does not remember working at any suc... | B: Dissociative amnesia |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 12-year-old boy is brought by his parents to the physician for a fever for the past 2 days. His temperature is 101.3°F (38.5°C). His medical history is significant for sickle cell disease and recurrent infections. A year ago, he underwent spleen scintigraphy with technetium-99m that revealed functional hyposplenism... | D: Howell-Jolly bodies |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 35-year-old woman presents to the emergency department multiple times over the past 3 months feeling like her chest is about to explode. She has been screened on several occasions for acute coronary syndrome, but each time, her cardiac enzymes have all been within normal limits. She comes into the emergency room di... | A: The patient must have symptoms of elevated autonomic activity. |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:An 18-month-old toddler is brought to a pediatric hematologist by his father. The boy was referred to this office for prolonged neutropenia. He has had several blood tests with an isolated low neutrophil count while hemoglobin, hematocrit, and platelet count is normal. The boy was born at 39 weeks gestation via spont... | A: Chronic benign neutropenia |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 4-year-old girl is brought to the physician for a routine checkup. She was recently adopted and has never seen a doctor before. The patient's parents state she was very emaciated when they adopted her and noticed she has trouble seeing in the evening. They also noted that she was experiencing profuse foul-smelling ... | E: Xerophthalmia |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 32-year-old man presents to the emergency department with vomiting, diarrhea, and abdominal pain 2 hours after eating seafood in a restaurant. He also mentions that immediately after ingestion of the food, he experienced tingling and numbness over the lips and face. On physical examination, his vital signs are stab... | E: Tetrodotoxin |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 24-year-old woman presents with a 3-month history of bloody diarrhea and intermittent abdominal pain. She says that after she has a bowel movement, she still feels as though she needs to go more. She also reports a 10-pound weight loss, significant fatigue, and frequent cravings to chew ice. Her past medical histor... | A: Colonoscopy by age 32 and repeated every 1–2 years thereafter |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 24-year-old woman presents to the emergency department with severe abdominal and lower back pain. She describes it as intense cramping and states that she experienced severe pain roughly 1 month ago that was similar. The patient's past medical history is non-contributory, and she states that her menses cause her to... | E: Primary dysmenorrhea |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:Which of the following factors gives the elastin molecule the ability to stretch and recoil?? {'A': 'Hydroxylation of proline and lysine rich regions', 'B': 'Cross-links between lysine residues', 'C': 'Elastase activity', 'D': 'Triple helix formation', 'E': 'Cleavage of disulfide rich terminal regions'}, | B: Cross-links between lysine residues |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 68-year-old woman, otherwise healthy, is admitted to the coronary care unit due to acute ischemic cardiomyopathy. No other significant past medical history. Her vital signs include: pulse 116/min, respiratory rate 21/min, temperature 37.4°C (99.3°F), and blood pressure 160/100 mm Hg. On physical examination, the pa... | B: Transfuse packed red blood cells |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A goalkeeper of a famous soccer team gives an interview with a health agency regarding his childhood. He describes how when he was a child, he would constantly clear his throat in class and the teachers would write a note to his mother with advice to go see an ENT doctor. He complained of being restless, fidgety, and... | D: Haloperidol |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 36-year-old healthy man presents to his physician to discuss his concerns about developing heart disease. His father, grandfather, and older brother had heart problems, and he has become increasingly worried he might be at risk. He takes no medications and his past medical history is only significant for an appende... | D: Vitamin E |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 22-year-old man comes to the emergency department for pain and swelling of his left knee one day after injuring it while playing soccer. While sprinting on the field, he slipped as he attempted to kick the ball and landed on the anterior aspect of his knee. He underwent an appendectomy at the age of 16 years. His v... | C: Posterior cruciate ligament injury |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 49-year-old woman comes to the physician with a 2-month history of mild abdominal pain, nausea, and several episodes of vomiting. She often feels full after eating only a small amount of food. Abdominal examination shows mild right upper quadrant tenderness and a liver span of 16 cm. Ultrasonography shows a 5 x 4 c... | C: Cavernous hemangioma |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A pharmaceutical company has created an experimental medication, Drug Z, for patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. Drug Z has been deemed to be safe in rats and is nearly ready for human trials. Before initiating a Phase I clinical trial, the company would like to study the medication’s pharmacokineti... | B: 53% |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 42-year-old homeless male presents with fever and cough. He was found unconscious on the side of the road and was brought to the emergency room. He is noticeably drunk and is unable to answer any questions. On physical exam his temperature is 103°F (40°C), blood pressure is 130/85 mmHg, pulse is 110/min, respiratio... | E: Gram-negative organism that produces mucoid colonies on MacConkey agar |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 45-year-old Caucasian male presents complaining of inability to open his mouth. Patient history reveals that he recently injured his foot from an exposed floor nail in his house. This patient's symptoms are likely the result of:? {'A': 'Impaired motor neuron release of ACh', 'B': 'Impaired motor neuron release of G... | B: Impaired motor neuron release of GABA |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:An 18-year-old college student presents to the ED straight from chemistry lab where he ingested an unknown compound. He complains of a headache, and is flushed, tachypneic and tachycardic. Suspecting cyanide poisoning, you administer amyl nitrite which causes which of the following?? {'A': 'Oxidation of ferrous iron ... | A: Oxidation of ferrous iron in hemoglobin to ferric iron |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 76-year-old man presents to his physician with his daughter for evaluation of memory loss and disorientation that has become progressively worse over the last few years. The patient’s daughter states that the memory loss started with her father forgetting things ''here and there'' and the memory loss has progressed... | B: Aβ amyloid neuritic plaques |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 19-year-old female student presents to her physician for overall fatigue. She is having a hard time concentrating while studying and feeling tired most of the time. She also has had constipation for more than 3 weeks and rectal bleeding on occasions. She notices she is getting colder and often needs to wear warmer ... | B: Thyroid ultrasound |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 43-year-old man is brought to the emergency department because of severe back pain for 2 hours. He describes it as a stabbing pain between his scapulae that is 9 out of 10 in intensity. He has vomited once during this period. He has hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus. He has not seen a physician in 18 months... | D: Transesophageal echocardiography |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 67-year-old man presents to his primary care provider for routine follow-up. He complains of mild fatigue and occasional tingling in both feet. He reports that this numbness and tingling has led to him having 3 falls over the last month. He has had type 2 diabetes mellitus for 23 years and hypertension for 15 years... | E: Methylmalonic acid level |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A previously healthy 31-year-old man comes to the emergency department because of acute onset of left flank pain radiating to his inner groin and scrotum for 3 hours. He also had nausea and one episode of hematuria. His only medication is a multivitamin. He appears uncomfortable. His temperature is 37°C (98.6°F), pul... | E: Calcium oxalate |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 50-year-old female teacher presents to the clinic with complaints of discoloration of the skin around the right ankle accompanied by itching. She began noticing it a month ago and the pruritus worsened over time. She also has some pain and swelling of the region every night, especially on days when she teaches late... | B: Stasis dermatitis |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 22-year-old man comes to the physician because of a 2-month history of episodes of shortness of breath, lightheadedness, and palpitations. During the examination, he reports the onset of one such episode. His pulse is 170/min and regular, respirations are 22/min, and blood pressure is 100/65 mm Hg. An ECG shows a r... | E: Glossopharyngeal |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 20-year-old man comes to the physician because he believes he has low testosterone. He states that he is embarrassed at his lack of musculature, despite lifting weights twice daily. Every day, he drinks a gallon of milk and several protein shakes in addition to 3 large meals. He is convinced that his female classma... | B: Body dysmorphic disorder |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:Clinical study looks at the effect of childhood exposure of 2nd-hand smoking on the incidence of bronchogenic adenocarcinoma (BA). Study of 100 subjects (50 exposed to childhood 2nd-hand smoking and 50 healthy controls with no childhood exposure) involves monitoring the lifetime incidence of BA data from the study ar... | D: The NNH is inversely correlated with the relative risk increase. |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:Two patients are vaccinated for poliomyelitis. Patient A receives the Sabin oral vaccine, and Patient B receives the Salk intramuscular vaccine. Six weeks after their initial vaccinations, which of the following would be the greatest difference regarding these two patients?? {'A': 'Patient A has a higher level of duo... | A: Patient A has a higher level of duodenal IgA antibodies |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 71-year-old woman comes to the physician because of dizziness and intermittent episodes of heart palpitations for 5 days. During this time, she has also had one episode of syncope. An ECG shows absence of P waves and irregular RR intervals. Treatment with an antiarrhythmic drug is initiated. The effect of the drug ... | C: Voltage-gated potassium channels |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 53-year-old woman presents to her primary care physician in order to discuss the results of a biopsy. Two weeks ago, her mammogram revealed the presence of suspicious calcifications in her right breast, and she subsequently underwent biopsy of these lesions. Histology of the lesions revealed poorly cohesive cells g... | C: High grade and low stage |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A graduate student is developing the research design for a current project on the detection of ovarian tumor markers in mice. The main method requires the use of chromogenic substrates, in which a reaction may be interpreted according to an enzyme-mediated color change. The detection of which of the substances below ... | C: P24 antigen |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 12-year-old boy is brought to the physician because of a 6-day history of gradually worsening left knee pain. The pain is exacerbated by movement and kneeling. There is no pain at rest and no history of trauma to the knee. He is concerned because his soccer tryouts are in a few days. Vital signs are within normal l... | D: Traction apophysitis of the tibial tubercle |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 17-year-old teenager presents to the clinic with her parents complaining of headaches and loss of vision which began insidiously 3 months ago. She describes her headaches as throbbing, mostly on her forehead, and severe enough to affect her daily activities. She has not experienced menarche. Past medical history is... | C: Gonadotropins |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A healthy 31-year-old woman comes to the physician because she is trying to conceive. She is currently timing the frequency of intercourse with at-home ovulation test kits. An increase in the levels of which of the following is the best indicator that ovulation has occurred?? {'A': 'Estrogen', 'B': 'Gonadotropin-rele... | D: Progesterone |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 32-year-old man presents with a 2-month history of increasing lethargy, frequent upper respiratory tract infections, and easy bruising. Past medical history is unremarkable. The patient reports a 14-pack-year smoking history and says he drinks alcohol socially. No significant family history. His vital signs include... | A: Aplastic anemia |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 2-year-old boy is brought to the physician for evaluation of delayed onset of speech. Over the past year, he has also had recurrent dizziness and three episodes of syncope. Examination of the ears shows clear auditory canals and intact tympanic membranes with normal light reflexes. Visual reinforcement audiometry s... | E: Prolongation of the QT interval |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 33-year-old man is brought to the emergency department 20 minutes after losing control over his bicycle and colliding with a parked car. The handlebar of the bicycle hit his lower abdomen. On arrival, he is alert and oriented. His pulse is 90/min, respirations are 17/min and blood pressure is 110/70 mm Hg. Pulse ox... | D: Observation and follow-up |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:Four days after admission to the hospital for acute pancreatitis, a 41-year-old man develops hypotension and fever. His temperature is 39.1°C (102.3°F), pulse is 115/min, and blood pressure is 80/60 mm Hg. Physical examination shows warm extremities, asymmetric calf size, and blood oozing around his IV sites. There a... | C: ↑ ↑ ↓ ↑ |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 38-year-old man with a history of hypertension presents to his primary care physician for a headache and abdominal pain. His symptoms began approximately 1 week ago and have progressively worsened. He describes his headache as pressure-like and is mildly responsive to ibuprofen. His abdominal pain is located in the... | D: Mitral valve prolapse |
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