instruction stringclasses 5
values | input stringlengths 10 4.2k | output stringlengths 1 7.16k |
|---|---|---|
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 19-year-old Caucasian college student is home for the summer. Her parents note that she has lost quite a bit of weight. The daughter explains that the weight loss was unintentional. She also notes an increase in thirst, hunger, and urine output. Her parents decide to take her to their family physician, who suspects... | C: Elevated ketone levels |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:An 84-year-old woman with Alzheimer's disease is brought to the physician by her son for a follow-up examination. The patient lives with her son, who is her primary caregiver. He reports that it is becoming gradually more difficult to care for her. She occasionally has tantrums and there are times when she does not r... | C: Adhere to a regular sleep schedule |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 24-year-old man is hospitalized for an elective gastrointestinal surgery 24 hours before the scheduled day of surgery. The surgeon has ordered food and fluids to be withheld from the patient from 12 hours before the surgery and the administration of intravenous isotonic saline. Based on his body weight, his fluid r... | E: No change in ICF volume, no change in body osmolality |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 50-year-old man presents to the emergency department with a complaint of crushing chest pain. The pain started suddenly 30 minutes ago while he was walking his dog. The patient also complains of difficulty breathing and palpitations. The pain is described as starting behind the sternum and moving towards the left j... | C: Urgent percutaneous coronary intervention |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 25-year-old man is brought to the emergency department by his wife for evaluation of abnormal behavior that began 2 weeks ago. The patient has not slept in over a week and has been partying each night. He has never done this before. The patient has also been skipping work and purchased a car last week with money th... | B: Valproate |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 30-year-old caucasian female comes to the physician because of chronic diarrhea and abdominal bloating that started 6 months ago. She also reports increasing fatigue and intermittent tingling in her hands and feet. She lost 5 kg (11 lb) of weight over the past 6 months without changing her diet or trying to lose we... | C: IgG deamidated gliadin peptide test |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 7-year-old boy presents with difficulty swallowing, diarrhea, itching, and weakness. He also complains of episodes of headaches, sweating, and palpitations, which are accompanied by fear and tend to end with micturition. His mother is concerned about the strange nodules on his lips and eyelids. The boy's younger br... | E: Neural crest cells |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 42-year-old woman with well-controlled HIV on antiretroviral therapy comes to the physician because of a 2-week history of a painless lesion on her right calf. Many years ago, she had a maculopapular rash over her trunk, palms, and soles that resolved spontaneously. Physical examination shows a 4-cm firm, non-tende... | E: Coagulative necrosis surrounded by fibroblast and macrophage infiltrate |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 58-year-old man presents to his primary care physician with a 3-week history of increasing pain in his legs and feet. Specifically, he says that he has been getting electric shock sensations that started in his feet, but have progressed up his leg. In addition, the pain is accompanied by numbness and tingling in hi... | E: Serotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 22-year-old soldier sustains a stab wound to his chest during a military attack in Mali. He is brought to the combat medic by his unit for a primary survey. The soldier reports shortness of breath. He is alert and oriented to time, place, and person. His pulse is 99/min, respirations are 32/min, and blood pressure ... | A: Partially occlusive dressing |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 22-year-old G1P1 woman comes to the clinic asking about “the morning after pill.” She reports that she had sexual intercourse with her boyfriend last night and she thinks the condom broke. She is not using any other form of contraception. She reports her last menstrual period was 10 days ago, and they are normally ... | A: Copper intrauterine device |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 15-year-old adolescent boy presents to his pediatrician for his scheduled follow-up after he was prescribed low-dose methylphenidate for treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder 4 weeks ago. On follow-up, his mother reports mild improvement in his symptoms, but she also notes that his appetite has decr... | A: Atomoxetine |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:An investigator is studying the metabolism of an experimental drug that is known to have first order kinetics. Immediately after administering an intravenous dose of the drug to a patient, the serum concentration is 60 U/L. 3 hours later, the serum concentration of the drug is 30 U/L. 9 hours after administration, th... | C: 7.5 U/L |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 26-year-old gravida-1-para-0 (G-1-P-0) presents for a routine prenatal check-up at 16 weeks gestation. The patient has no concerns but is excited to learn the gender of the baby. Genetic testing was performed that showed an XY genotype; however, an ultrasound does not reveal the development of external male genital... | D: SRY gene product |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:An 82-year-old woman presents to the emergency department after a fall. Imaging reveals diffuse trauma to the left humerus from the midshaft to the olecranon process with shearing of the periosteum. The orthopedic surgeon suggests a follow-up in 2 weeks. In that time, the patient develops worsening pain. At follow-up... | C: Volkmann’s canal |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 7-year-old boy with a sore throat, fever, and generalized malaise is admitted to the pediatric floor. On physical examination, he has diffuse white exudate on both tonsils, and also a palpable spleen with mild hepatomegaly. His blood smear shows large and abundant lymphocytes with blue-gray cytoplasm, irregular nuc... | A: Infectious mononucleosis |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 71-year-old man is brought to the emergency department because of severe, progressive left leg pain and tingling for 8 hours. The symptoms began while he was watching television. For several months, the patient has noticed calf cramping when going for long walks, as well as occasional foot tingling and numbness, bu... | B: Digital subtraction angiography |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 28-year-old gravida 2 para 1 is receiving care from her obstetrician at 28 weeks. She states that she has been having suprapubic pain and urinary frequency for the past week. Her past medical history is significant for dermatomyositis for which she takes prednisone every day. She does not smoke cigarettes or drinks... | B: Nitrofurantoin |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 43-year-old woman visits her primary care physician complaining of abdominal pain for the past 6 months. She reports that the pain is localized to her lower abdomen and often resolves with bowel movements. She states that some days she has diarrhea while other times she will go 4-5 days without having a bowel movem... | B: Colonoscopy |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 26-year-old woman comes to the physician because of severe pain in her right wrist one day after falling onto her hands and knees while rollerskating. Physical examination shows abrasions over the knees and bruising over the volar aspect of the right wrist. There is swelling and tenderness on palpation of the volar... | A: Paresthesia over the volar aspect of the first 3 fingers on wrist flexion |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 56-year-old man with hypertension comes to the physician for a follow-up examination. His blood pressure is 165/92 mm Hg on the left arm and 162/90 mm Hg on the right arm. He reports that he is compliant with his medication and exercise regimen. The physician adds a drug to his antihypertensive medication regimen. ... | A: Candesartan |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 65-year-old man comes to the physician because of a 6-month history of muscle weakness. During this period, the patient has had low energy, intermittent nosebleeds, and a 5-kg (11-lb) weight loss. He also reports progressive hearing and vision problems. He has a history of pins-and-needles sensation, numbness, and ... | C: Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A previously healthy 6-week-old infant is brought to the emergency department because of fever, fatigue, and dry cough for one day. She has been feeding poorly and had difficulty latching on to breastfeed since yesterday. She has had nasal congestion. The mother reports that her daughter has not been going through as... | B: Respiratory syncytial virus |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 38-year-old woman presents to the physician’s clinic with a 6-month history of generalized weakness that usually worsens as the day progresses. She also complains of the drooping of her eyelids and double vision that is worse in the evening. Physical examination reveals bilateral ptosis after a sustained upward gaz... | D: High ATPase activity |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 24-year-old professional wrestler recently participated in a charitable tournament event in Bora Bora, a tropical island that is part of the French Polynesia Leeward Islands. During his stay, he wore tight-fitting clothes and tight bathing trunks for extended periods. After 6 days, he observed symmetric, erythemato... | C: Terbinafine |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 59-year-old woman comes to the clinic complaining of an intermittent, gnawing epigastric pain for the past 2 months. The pain is exacerbated with food and has been getting progressively worse. The patient denies any weight changes, nausea, vomiting, cough, or dyspepsia. Medical history is significant for chronic ba... | A: Acetaminophen |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 57-year-old woman presents to the emergency department for laboratory abnormalities detected by her primary care physician. The patient went to her appointment complaining of difficulty using her hands and swelling of her arms and lower extremities. The patient has notably smooth skin that seems to have not aged co... | E: Start valproic acid and discontinue lithium |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 7-year-old patient is brought in by his mother for a routine check-up for school. The child is cooperative throughout the visit and excitedly talks about school. The mother congratulates her son on his behavior, and mentions that when he was being treated for leukemia three years ago, he would start crying in the p... | C: Extinction |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A previously healthy 3-week-old infant is brought to the emergency department 6 hours after the onset of fever and persistent irritability. He had been well until 2 days ago, when he started feeding poorly and sleeping more than usual. He appears lethargic and irritable when roused for examination. His temperature is... | C: Ampicillin, gentamicin, and cefotaxime |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 27-year-old primigravida presents at 16 weeks gestation for a check-up. She has no co-existing diseases. Currently, she has no subjective complaints, but she worries about the results of her triple screen. She takes 400 mg of folic acid and 30 mg of iron daily. The results of the triple screen are shown below. Meas... | C: Perform ultrasound examination |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 71-year-old woman comes to the physician because of a 4-month history of worsening cough and a 4.5-kg (10-lb) weight loss. She has smoked one pack of cigarettes daily for 35 years. Physical examination shows wheezing over the right lung fields. Laboratory studies show a serum calcium concentration of 12.5 mg/dL. X-... | E: Squamous cell lung carcinoma |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 12-year-old boy presents with recurrent joint pain that migrates from joint to joint and intermittent fever for the last several weeks. He also says that he has no appetite and has been losing weight. The patient is afebrile, and vital signs are within normal limits. On physical examination, he is pale with diffuse... | A: Acute leukemia |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 56 year old female comes to the ED complaining of moderate right eye pain, headache, and acute onset of blurry vision, which she describes as colored halos around lights. She was watching a movie at home with her husband about an hour ago when the pain began. On physical exam of her right eye, her pupil is mid-dila... | A: Timolol ophthalmic solution |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 6-year-old boy is brought to the emergency department because of worsening confusion for the last hour. He has had high-grade fever, productive cough, fatigue, and malaise for the past 2 days. He has not seen a physician in several years. His temperature is 38.9°C (102°F), pulse is 133/min, respirations are 33/min,... | B: Streptococcus pneumoniae |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 2-year-old female with abdominal pain undergoes laparoscopic surgery. An outpouching of tissue is excised from the ileum and sent to the laboratory for evaluation. The pathologist notes inflammation and the presence of mucosa, submucosa, and muscle in the walls of the specimen. Which of the following is the most li... | C: Meckel's diverticulum |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 33-year-old woman schedules an appointment at an outpatient clinic for the first time after moving to the US from Peru a few months ago. She complains of easy fatigability and shortness of breath with minimal exertion for the past 6 months. She further adds that her breathlessness is worse when she goes to bed at n... | A: Decrease total peripheral resistance |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 56-year-old man with chronic kidney failure is brought to to the emergency department by ambulance after he passed out during dinner. On presentation, he is alert and complains of shortness of breath as well as chest palpitations. An EKG is obtained demonstrating an irregular rhythm consisting of QT amplitudes that... | A: Bradycardia |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 55-year-old man with recurrent pneumonia comes to the physician for a follow-up examination one week after hospitalization for pneumonia. He feels well but still has a productive cough. He has smoked 1 pack of cigarettes daily for 5 years. His temperature is 36.9°C (98.4°F) and respirations are 20/min. Cardiopulmon... | A: Lecithin production |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A pediatrician is called to examine a recently born dysmorphic boy. The birth weight was 1.6 kg (3.5 lb). On physical examination of the face and skull, the head was shown to be microcephalic with a prominent occiput and a narrow bifrontal diameter. The jaw was comparatively small with short palpebral fissures. The n... | B: 95% of these patients die in the 1st year of life. |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 60-year-old man comes to the emergency department because of nausea, headache, and generalized fatigue for 2 days. He has not vomited. He was diagnosed with small cell lung cancer and liver metastases around 3 months ago and is currently receiving chemotherapy with cisplatin and etoposide. His last chemotherapy cyc... | B: (B) |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 45-year-old woman repetitively visits the general surgery clinic worried that her inguinal hernia is incarcerated. 2 months ago, she was seen in the emergency department where she presented with a left lower abdominal swelling. The mass was easily reduced and the patient was referred to the general surgery clinic f... | E: Somatic symptom disorder |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 3-year-old boy is brought to the physician by his parents for a well-child examination. The boy was born at term via vaginal delivery and has been healthy except for impaired vision due to severe short-sightedness. He is at the 97th percentile for height and 25th percentile for weight. Oral examination shows a high... | A: Mutation in fibrillin-1 gene |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A patient presents to the emergency department with abdominal pain. While having dinner, the patient experienced pain that prompted the patient to come to the emergency department. The patient states that the pain is episodic and radiates to the shoulder. The patient's temperature is 98°F (36.7°C), blood pressure is ... | B: A middle-aged overweight mother |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 62-year-old man comes to the physician for evaluation of multiple red spots on his trunk. He first noticed these several months ago, and some appear to have increased in size. One day ago, he scratched one of these spots, and it bled for several minutes. Physical examination shows the findings in the photograph. Wh... | A: Cherry angioma |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 25-year-old man is brought by his wife to the emergency department due to sudden onset confusion that started 40 minutes ago. The patient’s wife says that he came home from work complaining of pain in his arms and legs. While resting on the couch, he mentioned feeling nauseous and then became quite confused. He has... | B: Diving instructor |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 3-year-old boy goes camping with his parents in the Appalachian mountains of Western North Carolina. While on the hiking trip, he is exposed to an antigen. After the exposure, this antigen is phagocytosed by a CD4+ T helper cell and is presented on an MHC class II molecule. This CD4+ T helper cell encounters a B ce... | C: 3 |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 73-year-old woman is brought to the physician by her son because of increasing forgetfulness over the past 2 years. Initially, she used to misplace keys and forget her dog's name or her phone number. Now, she often forgets about what she has seen on television or read about the day before. She used to go for a walk... | E: Alzheimer disease |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 32-year-old woman is brought to the emergency department by her husband because of an episode of hematemesis 2 hours ago. She has had dyspepsia for 2 years. Her medications include occasional ibuprofen for headaches. After initial stabilization, the risks and benefits of upper endoscopy and alternative treatments, ... | A: Documentation of her decision prior to treatment is required |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 25-year-old man is admitted to the hospital after a severe motor vehicle accident as an unrestrained front-seat passenger. Appropriate life-saving measures are given, and the patient is now hemodynamically stable. Physical examination shows a complete loss of consciousness. There are no motor or ocular movements wi... | C: Warm water causing ipsilateral saccadic movement. |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 68-year-old man presents to the emergency department with palpitations. He also feels that his exercise tolerance has reduced over the previous week. His past history is positive for ischemic heart disease and he has been on multiple medications for a long time. On physical examination, his temperature is 36.9°C (9... | C: Atrioventricular block |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 55-year-old man presents to the physician with a cough which he has had for the last 5 years. He also mentions that he has been feeling breathless when playing any active sport for the last 1 year. He is a manager in a corporate company and has been a regular smoker for 10 years. He has visited multiple physicians ... | E: Decreased diffusion capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide (DLCO) |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 24-year-old male is rushed to the emergency department after sustaining several gunshot wounds to the chest. He was found nonresponsive in the field and was intubated en route to the hospital. His vital signs are as follows: temperature is 98.8 deg F (37.1 deg C), blood pressure is 87/52 mmHg, pulse is 120/min, and... | D: Open thoracotomy |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 5-year-old is brought into your office by his mother. His mother states that he is having 10-20 episodes per day where he stops responding to his mother and is found staring out of the window. During these periods, he blinks more frequently than normal, but returns to his normal self afterwards. These episodes last... | D: Absence seizure |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 19-year-old woman presents to the ED after multiple episodes of vomiting in the last 6 hours. The vomitus is non-bloody and non-bilious. The vomiting started shortly after she began having a throbbing, unilateral headache and associated photophobia. She has had several similar headaches in the past. Her vital signs... | D: Chlorpromazine |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 22-year-old woman is brought to the emergency department by her roommate for unusual behavior. They were at a party where alcohol and recreational drugs were consumed, but her roommate is unsure of what she may have taken or had to drink. She is otherwise healthy and does not take any medications. The patient appea... | E: Impaired reaction time |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 62-year-old woman presents to her primary care physician for her annual check-up. She has no current complaints and says that she has been healthy over the last year. Her past medical history is significant for obesity and diabetes that is well controlled on metformin. She does not smoke and drinks socially. Select... | C: Hepatotoxicity |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 67-year-old man presents to his primary care physician for fatigue. This has persisted for the past several months and has been steadily worsening. The patient has a past medical history of hypertension and diabetes; however, he is not currently taking any medications and does not frequently visit his physician. Th... | D: Malignancy |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 19-year-old male soccer player undergoes an exercise tolerance test to measure his maximal oxygen uptake during exercise. Which of the following changes are most likely to occur during exercise?? {'A': 'Increased pulmonary vascular resistance', 'B': 'Decreased physiologic dead space', 'C': 'Decreased alveolar-arter... | B: Decreased physiologic dead space |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 15-year-old Caucasian female presents with Parkinson-like symptoms. Serum analysis shows increased levels of free copper and elevated liver enzymes. What test would prove most helpful in diagnosing the patient's underlying disease?? {'A': 'Serum detection of anti-myelin antibodies', 'B': 'Slit lamp examination', 'C... | B: Slit lamp examination |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 60-year-old male comes to the emergency department because of a 3-day history of intermittent shortness of breath and palpitations. The episodes are unprovoked and occur randomly. The day before, he felt lightheaded while walking and had to sit down abruptly to keep from passing out. He has hypertension and coronar... | C: Degeneration of sinoatrial node automaticity |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 32-year-old woman presents to her primary care doctor complaining of increased fatigue and cold intolerance after her recent delivery. The patient delivered a healthy 39-week-old boy 3 weeks ago via spontaneous vaginal delivery. Delivery was complicated by postpartum hemorrhage requiring admission to the intensive ... | A: Decreased prolactin |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 24-year-old woman comes to the physician because of progressively worsening joint pain. She has had diffuse, aching pain in her knees, shoulders, and hands bilaterally for the past few months, but the pain has become much more severe in the past few weeks. She also reports night sweats and generalized malaise. On p... | E: Takayasu arteritis |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 19-year-old college student is brought to the emergency department with persistent vomiting overnight. He spent all day drinking beer yesterday at a college party according to his friends. He appears to be in shock and when asked about vomiting, he says that he vomited up blood about an hour ago. At the hospital, h... | B: Mallory-Weiss tear |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 40-year-old woman presents to her primary care physician with a 2-month history of joint pain and morning stiffness that improves through the course of the day. Her left knee also sometimes bothers her. She has taken ibuprofen and tylenol without relief, and the pain is starting to upset her daily routine. On physi... | D: Methotrexate |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 6-year-old boy is brought to the pediatrician by his foster father because he is concerned about the boy's health. He states that at seemingly random times he will have episodes of severe difficulty breathing and wheezing. Upon questioning, the pediatrician learns that these episodes do not appear to be associated ... | B: Major basic protein |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 55-year-old man presents with fever, chills, fatigue, cough, sore throat, and breathlessness for the past 7 days. He describes the cough as productive and says he is fatigued all the time. He says he is a farmer with daily contact with rabbits, horses, sheep, pigeons, and chickens and reports cleaning the barn 3 da... | A: Francisella tularensis |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:Two days after undergoing an uncomplicated total thyroidectomy, a 63-year-old woman has acute, progressive chest pain. The pain is sharp and burning. She feels nauseated and short of breath. The patient has a history of hypertension, type 1 diabetes mellitus, medullary thyroid cancer, multiple endocrine neoplasia typ... | A: Obtain an ECG and troponin T levels |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A young researcher is studying the structure of class I and class II major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules. He understands that these molecules are proteins, but the structures of class I MHC molecules are different from those of class II. Although all these molecules consist of α and β chains, some of the... | E: α3 domain in class I molecules and β2 domain in class II molecules |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 17-year-old boy is brought to the physician by his mother because of increasingly withdrawn behavior for the last two years. His mother reports that in the last 2–3 years of high school, her son has spent most of his time in his room playing video games. He does not have any friends and has never had a girlfriend. ... | B: Schizoid personality disorder |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 42-year-old man presents with an oral cavity lesion, toothache, and weight loss. He is known to have been HIV-positive for 6 years, but he does not follow a prescribed antiretroviral regimen because of personal beliefs. The vital signs are as follows: blood pressure 110/80 mm Hg, heart rate 89/min, respiratory rate... | B: EBV |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 58-year old man comes to his physician because of a 1-month history of increased thirst and nocturia. He is drinking a lot of water to compensate for any dehydration. His brother has type 2 diabetes mellitus. Physical examination shows dry mucous membranes. Laboratory studies show a serum sodium of 151 mEq/L and gl... | B: Partial central diabetes inspidus |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A previously healthy 13-year-old girl is brought to the physician by her parents because of a 2-day history of low-grade fever, headache, nausea, and a sore throat. Examination of the oral cavity shows enlarged, erythematous tonsils with exudates and palatal petechiae. There is cervical lymphadenopathy. Her parents a... | E: M Protein |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 40-year-old man comes to the physician for the evaluation of episodic headaches for 5 months. The headaches involve both temples and are 4/10 in intensity. The patient has been taking acetaminophen, but the headaches did not subside. He has also had visual disturbances, including double vision. He has no nausea, te... | D: Erectile dysfunction |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 4-year-old boy is brought to the physician because of frequent falls, worsening muscle pain, and poor vision in low light conditions. His mother reports that he has been on a low-fat diet since infancy because of persistent diarrhea. He is at the 5th percentile for height and weight. Physical examination shows bila... | B: Post-prandial lipid-laden enterocytes |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 52-year-old man presents to his primary care physician complaining of a blistering rash in his inguinal region. Upon further questioning, he also endorses an unintended weight loss, diarrhea, polydipsia, and polyuria. A fingerstick glucose test shows elevated glucose even though this patient has no previous history... | D: Increased lipolysis |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 38-year-old woman is brought to the emergency department because of 3 1-hour episodes of severe, sharp, penetrating abdominal pain in the right upper quadrant. During these episodes, she had nausea and vomiting. She has no diarrhea, dysuria, or hematuria and is asymptomatic between episodes. She has hypertension an... | D: Choledocholithiasis |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:In a recently conducted case-control study that aimed to elucidate the causes of myelomeningocele (a neural tube defect in which there is an incomplete formation of the spinal bones), 200 mothers of infants born with the disease and 200 mothers of infants born without the disease were included in the study. Among the... | C: Recall bias |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 66-year-old woman presents to the primary care physician with complaints of involuntary loss of urine. This has been occurring over the past month for no apparent reason while suddenly feeling the need to urinate. History reveals triggers that stimulate the desire to pass urine, such as running water, handwashing, ... | B: Bladder training |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 40-year-old woman with a recent history of carcinoma of the breast status post mastectomy and adjuvant chemotherapy one week ago presents for follow-up. She reports adequate pain control managed with the analgesic drug she was prescribed. Past medical history is significant for hepatitis C and major depressive diso... | A: Mixed agonist-antagonist at opioid receptors |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 68-year-old man is brought to the emergency department by ambulance from a homeless shelter. The report from the shelter describes the man as a loner expressing symptoms of depression. He has been living at the shelter for approximately 10 months and has no family or friends and few visitors. He spends most of his ... | A: Males are more likely to die from suicide than females. |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 65-year-old man with a history of hypertension visits your office. His blood pressure on physical examination is found to be 150/90. You prescribe him metoprolol. Which of the following do you expect to occur as a result of the drug?? {'A': 'Decreased PR interval on EKG', 'B': 'Decreased serum renin levels as conse... | D: Decreased serum renin levels as a consequence of ß1 receptor antagonism |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 5-year-old boy is brought to the physician because of a nonpruritic rash on his face that began 5 days ago. It started as a bug bite on his chin that then developed into small pustules with surrounding redness. He has not yet received any routine childhood vaccinations. Physical examination shows small, clustered l... | C: Glomerulonephritis |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 29-year-old G2P1 woman presents at 24 weeks gestation with complaints of blurred vision and headaches. Her symptoms have increased in frequency over the past several weeks. Her medical history is significant only for occasional tension headaches. She takes no medications besides an oral folic acid supplement. The v... | D: 24-hour urine collection |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 45-year-old male presents to the emergency room for toe pain. He reports that his right great toe became acutely painful, red, and swollen approximately five hours prior. He has had one similar prior episode six months ago that resolved with indomethacin. His medical history is notable for obesity, hypertension, an... | A: Inhibits microtubule polymerization |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 24-year-old man is referred to an endocrinologist for paroxysms of headaches associated with elevated blood pressure and palpitations. He is otherwise healthy, although he notes a family history of thyroid cancer. His physical examination is significant for the findings shown in Figures A, B, and C. His thyroid is ... | A: Autosomal dominant |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A previously healthy 29-year-old man comes to the emergency department because of a 4-day history of abdominal pain and confusion. Prior to the onset of the abdominal pain, he visited a festival where he consumed large amounts of alcohol. Examination shows a distended abdomen, decreased bowel sounds, and diffuse tend... | B: Hemin |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 4-year-old Caucasian male patient presents with recurrent infections. During examination of his CD4 T-cells, it is noticed that his T-cells lack CD40 ligand. Which type of immunoglobulin is likely to be present in excess?? {'A': 'IgA', 'B': 'IgE', 'C': 'IgG', 'D': 'IgM', 'E': 'IgD'}, | D: IgM |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 22-year-old woman is in her last few months at community college. She has a very important essay due in 2 weeks that will play a big part in determining her final grades. She decides to focus on writing this essay instead and not to worry about her grades until her essay is completed. Which of the following defense... | B: Suppression |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 93-year-old woman is brought to the physician because of a purple area on her right arm that has been growing for one month. She has not had any pain or itching of the area. She has hyperlipidemia, a history of basal cell carcinoma treated with Mohs surgery 2 years ago, and a history of invasive ductal carcinoma of... | A: Lymphangiosarcoma |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A boy born vaginally in the 36th week of gestation to a 19-year-old woman (gravida 3, para 1) is assessed on his 2nd day of life. His vitals include: blood pressure is 85/40 mm Hg, pulse is 161/min, axillary temperature is 36.6°C (98.0°F), and respiratory rate is 44/min. He appears to be lethargic; his skin is jaundi... | B: Patent ductus arteriosus |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 23-year-old woman presents to the emergency department with severe abdominal pain. She states that the pain has been dull and progressive, but became suddenly worse while she was exercising. The patient's past medical history is notable for depression, anxiety, and gonococcal urethritis that was appropriately treat... | C: Vascular ectasia within the liver |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 22-year-old immigrant presents to his primary care physician for a general checkup. This is his first time visiting a physician, and he has no known past medical history. The patient’s caretaker states that the patient has experienced episodes of syncope and what seems to be seizures before but has not received tre... | D: Prolonged QT interval |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 29-year-old nulliparous woman is found upon transthoracic echocardiography to have a dilated aorta and mitral valve prolapse. The patient has a history of joint pain, and physical examination reveals pectus excavatum and stretch marks on the skin. She does not take any medications and has no history of past drug us... | E: Marfan syndrome |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 34-year-old woman comes to the physician with fever and malaise. For the past 2 days, she has felt fatigued and weak and has had chills. Last night, she had a temperature of 40.8°C (104.2°F). She has also had difficulty swallowing since this morning. The patient was recently diagnosed with Graves disease and starte... | B: Discontinue methimazole |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 6-year-old refugee with delayed growth and weakness is brought to the physician. Her family has been displaced several times over the last few years, and nutrition and housing were frequently inadequate. Examination of the lower limbs shows bowing of the legs with reduced proximal muscle strength. The abdomen is pr... | E: Vitamin D deficiency |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 16-year-old boy presents with a long-standing history of anemia. Past medical history is significant for prolonged neonatal jaundice and multiple episodes of jaundice without fever. On physical examination, the patient shows generalized pallor, scleral icterus, and splenomegaly. His hemoglobin is 10 g/dL, and exami... | D: Pyrimidine 5’-nucleotidase deficiency |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 19-year-old woman with a history of poorly controlled asthma presents to her pulmonologist for a follow-up visit. She was recently hospitalized for an asthma exacerbation. It is her third hospitalization in the past five years. She currently takes inhaled salmeterol and medium-dose inhaled budesonide. Her past medi... | A: Decreased production of leukotrienes |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 6-year-old boy is brought to the emergency department with acute intermittent umbilical abdominal pain that began that morning. The pain radiates to his right lower abdomen and occurs every 15–30 minutes. During these episodes of pain, the boy draws up his knees to the chest. The patient has had several episodes of... | B: Meckel diverticulum |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A lung mass of a 50 pack-year smoker is biopsied. If ADH levels were grossly increased, what would most likely be the histologic appearance of this mass?? {'A': 'Tall columnar cells bordering the alveolar septum', 'B': 'Sheets of small round cells with hyperchromatic nuclei', 'C': 'Layered squamous cells with keratin... | B: Sheets of small round cells with hyperchromatic nuclei |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 26-year-old man presents to his primary care physician for a routine physical exam. He is concerned about a burning sensation that he feels in his throat whenever he eats large meals and is concerned he may have esophageal cancer like his uncle. The patient has a past medical history of irritable bowel syndrome and... | C: Generalized anxiety disorder |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.