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Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 15-year-old girl comes to the physician because of a sore throat and subjective fevers for the past 2 weeks. She has been feeling lethargic and is unable to attend school. She has a history of multiple episodes of streptococcal pharyngitis treated with amoxicillin. She immigrated with her family to the United State... | C: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 49 year-old-male presents with a primary complaint of several recent episodes of severe headache, sudden anxiety, and a "racing heart". The patient originally attributed these symptoms to stress at work; however, these episodes are becoming more frequent and severe. Laboratory evaluation during such an episode reve... | B: Episodic hypertension |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 34-year-old woman is brought to the emergency department following a motor vehicle accident. She was walking on the sidewalk when a car traveling at high speed knocked her off her feet. She did not sustain any obvious injury but has painful breathing. An X-ray of the chest is taken to exclude a rib fracture and con... | E: Repeat chest CT scan in 6 months |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 32-year-old man with a past medical history significant for HIV and a social history of multiple sexual partners presents with new skin findings. His past surgical and family histories are noncontributory. The patient's blood pressure is 129/75 mm Hg, the pulse is 66/min, the respiratory rate is 16/min, and the tem... | B: HPV (types 6 & 11) |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 37-year-old female presents to her primary care physician with constipation and abdominal pain. She notes that the pain has been present for several days and is not related to food. She also reports increased urinary frequency without incontinence, as well as increased thirst. She takes no medications, but notes ta... | B: Vitamin overdose |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A previously healthy 39-year-old woman comes to the physician because of a slowly enlarging, painless neck mass that she first noticed 3 months ago. During this period, she has also experienced intermittent palpitations, hair loss, and a weight loss of 4.5 kg (10 lb). There is no personal or family history of serious... | B: Gain-of-function mutations of the TSH receptor |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 57-year-old woman presents to the emergency room with complaints of severe headache, vomiting, neck stiffness, and chest pain that have developed over the last several hours. Her past medical history is notable for diabetes, hypertension, and dyslipidemia. Her temperature is 99.0°F (37.2°C), blood pressure is 197/1... | A: Esmolol |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A research team develops a new monoclonal antibody checkpoint inhibitor for advanced melanoma that has shown promise in animal studies as well as high efficacy and low toxicity in early phase human clinical trials. The research team would now like to compare this drug to existing standard of care immunotherapy for ad... | B: Level 2 |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 23-year-old male with a homozygous CCR5 mutation is found to be immune to HIV infection. The patient’s CCR5 mutation interferes with the function of which viral protein?? {'A': 'Reverse transcriptase', 'B': 'gp120', 'C': 'gp41', 'D': 'p24', 'E': 'pp17'}, | B: gp120 |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A cross-sectional study is investigating the association between smoking and the presence of Raynaud phenomenon in adults presenting to a primary care clinic in a major city. A standardized 3-question survey that assesses symptoms of Raynaud phenomenon was used to clinically diagnosis patients if they answered positi... | D: Dose-response |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 10-year-old boy is brought to a family physician by his mother with a history of recurrent headaches. The headaches are moderate-to-severe in intensity, unilateral, mostly affecting the left side, and pulsatile in nature. Past medical history is significant for mild intellectual disability and complex partial seizu... | D: Glaucoma |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 58-year-old man comes to the physician for a 2-month history of increased urinary frequency. Urodynamic testing shows a urinary flow rate of 11 mL/s (N>15) and a postvoid residual volume of 65 mL (N<50). Prostate-specific antigen level is 3.2 ng/mL (N<4). Treatment with a drug that also increases scalp hair regrowt... | A: Decreased conversion of testosterone to dihydrotestosterone |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 35-year-old man who suffered a motor vehicle accident 3 months ago presents to the office for a neurological evaluation. He has no significant past medical history and takes no current medications. He has a family history of coronary artery disease in his father and Alzheimer’s disease in his mother. On physical ex... | B: Preserved pressure sensation |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 23-year-old male presents with complaints of polydipsia and frequent, large-volume urination. Laboratory testing does not demonstrate any evidence of diabetes; however, a reduced urine osmolality of 120 mOsm/L is measured. Which of the following findings on a desmopressin test would be most consistent with a diagno... | D: Increase in urine osmolality to 400 mOsm/L following vasopressin administration |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 35-year-old woman comes into the primary care office as a new patient with gradually worsening arthritis and reduced grip strength, primarily involving the base of her fingers, wrists, and ankles. She reports feeling slow after getting out of bed in the morning. After further questioning, she notes fatigue, low-gra... | C: Type III–immune complex-mediated hypersensitivity reaction |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 32-year-old G1P0 woman undergoes her 2nd-trimester ultrasound in a community hospital. During her prenatal care, she was found to have mild anemia, low levels of folate, and serum alpha-fetoprotein levels greater than 2 multiples of the median (MoM) on 2 separate occasions. Her 1st-trimester ultrasound was signific... | D: Failure of the caudal neuropore to close |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 72-year-old male visits his gastroenterologist for a check-up one year following resection of a 2-cm malignant lesion in his sigmoid colon. Serum levels of which of the following can be used in this patient to test for cancer recurrence?? {'A': 'Alpha-fetoprotein', 'B': 'Carcinoembryonic antigen', 'C': 'Cancer anti... | B: Carcinoembryonic antigen |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 19-year-old man is seen by his primary care physician. The patient has a history of excessive daytime sleepiness going back several years. He has begun experiencing episodes in which his knees become weak and he drops to the floor when he laughs. He has a history of marijuana use. His family history is notable for ... | E: Modafinil |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 58-year-old woman presents to her physician complaining of a headache in the occipital region for 1 week. Past medical history is significant for essential hypertension, managed with lifestyle modifications and 2 antihypertensives for the previous 6 months. Her blood pressure is 150/90 mm Hg. Neurological examinati... | D: Decreased peripheral sympathetic outflow |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 23-year-old woman comes to the emergency department for the evaluation of mild retrosternal pain for the last 7 hours after several episodes of self-induced vomiting. The patient was diagnosed with bulimia nervosa 9 months ago. Her only medication is citalopram. She is 170 cm (5 ft 7 in) tall and weighs 62 kg (136.... | D: Intravenous ampicillin and sulbactam therapy |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 25-year-old woman with an extensive psychiatric history is suspected of having metabolic acidosis after ingesting a large amount of aspirin in a suicide attempt. Labs are drawn and the values from the ABG are found to be: PCO2: 25, and HCO3: 15, but the pH value is smeared on the print-out and illegible. The medica... | A: 6.1 + log[15/(0.03*25)] |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 41-year-old woman presents to the emergency room with a fever. She has had intermittent fevers accompanied by malaise, weakness, and mild shortness of breath for the past 2 weeks. Her past medical history is notable for recurrent bloody diarrhea for over 3 years. She underwent a flexible sigmoidosopy several months... | D: Streptococcus gallolyticus |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 42-year-old man presents to his family physician for evaluation of oral pain. He states that he has increasing pain in a molar on the top left of his mouth. The pain started 1 week ago and has been progressively worsening since then. His medical history is significant for hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus, ... | A: Minimal Sedation |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 3-month-old infant is brought to her pediatrician for a well-child visit. The infant was born to a 22-year-old mother via a spontaneous vaginal delivery at 38 weeks of gestation in her home. She moved to the United States approximately 3 weeks ago from a small village. She reports that her infant had 2 episodes of ... | D: Dietary restriction |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 33-year-old woman is brought to the physician by her husband because of persistent sadness for the past 2 months. During this period, she also has had difficulty sleeping and an increased appetite. She had similar episodes that occurred 2 years ago and 9 months ago that each lasted for 4 months. Between these episo... | C: Cyclothymic disorder |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A child presents to his pediatrician’s clinic for a routine well visit. He can bend down and stand back up without assistance and walk backward but is not able to run or walk upstairs. He can stack 2 blocks and put the blocks in a cup. He can bring over a book when asked, and he will say “mama” and “dada” to call for... | C: 15 months |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 4-year-old girl is brought to the physician by her parents because she is severely underweight. She is easily fatigued and has difficulty keeping up with other children at her daycare. She has a good appetite and eats 3 full meals a day. She has 4 to 5 bowel movements daily with bulky, foul-smelling stools that flo... | A: Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 72-year-old woman with a history of atrial fibrillation on warfarin, diabetes, seizure disorder and recent MRSA infection is admitted to the hospital. She subsequently begins therapy with another drug and is found to have a supratherapeutic International Normalized Ratio (INR). Which of the following drugs is likel... | E: Valproic acid |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 16-year-old boy presents to the emergency department with abdominal pain and tenderness. The pain began approximately 2 days ago in the area just above his umbilicus and was crampy in nature. Earlier this morning, the pain moved laterally to his right lower abdomen. At that time, the pain in the right lower quadran... | A: His pain is mainly transmitted by the right splanchnic nerve. |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 57-year-old man presents to the emergency department after an episode of syncope. He states that he was at home when he suddenly felt weak and experienced back pain that has been persistent. He states that he vomited forcefully several times after the episode. The patient has a past medical history of diabetes, hyp... | A: Abdominal aortic aneurysm |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:An 84-year-old woman is brought by her caretaker to the physician because of a 2-day history of fever, severe headache, neck pain, and aversion to bright light. She appears uncomfortable. Her temperature is 38.5°C (101.3°F), pulse is 110/min, and blood pressure is 145/75 mm Hg. Physical examination shows involuntary ... | E: Ceftriaxone, vancomycin, and ampicillin |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 72-year-old woman with type 2 diabetes mellitus comes to the physician because she is concerned about the appearance of her toenails. Examination shows yellowish discoloration of all toenails on both feet. The edges of the toenails are lifted, and there is subungual debris. Potassium hydroxide preparation of scrapi... | D: Inhibition of squalene epoxidase |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 31-year-old G3P2 woman presents to labor and delivery triage because she has had bleeding over the last day. She is currently 5 months into her pregnancy and has had no concerns prior to this visit. She previously had a delivery through cesarean section and has otherwise had uncomplicated pregnancies. She denies fe... | B: Multiparity |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 32-year-old man visits his family physician for 10 months of persistent left flank pain, weight loss, and fatigue. Also, he has had hematuria a couple of times in the last month. His mother was diagnosed and treated for a pheochromocytoma when she was 36 years old, and his father died at 45 years due to myocardial ... | C: Clear-cell carcinoma |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 55-year-old man comes to the physician because of a 4-month history of fatigue, increased sweating, and a 5.4-kg (12-lb) weight loss. Over the past 3 weeks, he has had gingival bleeding when brushing his teeth. Twenty years ago, he was diagnosed with a testicular tumor and treated with radiation therapy. His temper... | E: Imatinib therapy |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 15-year-old boy presents with shortness of breath on exertion for the past 2 weeks. Although he does not have any other complaints, he is concerned about not gaining much weight despite a good appetite. His height is 188 cm (6 ft 2 in) and weight is 58 kg (124 lb). His blood pressure is 134/56 mm Hg and his pulse r... | A: Fibrillin |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:Three days after admission to the intensive care unit for septic shock and bacteremia from a urinary tract infection, a 34-year-old woman has persistent hypotension. Her blood cultures were positive for Escherichia coli, for which she has been receiving appropriate antibiotics since admission. She has no history of s... | B: Sick euthyroid syndrome |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 68-year-old woman presents to her primary care physician with a complaint of fatigue, difficulty breathing upon exertion, and crampy lower abdominal pain. She also noticed that her stools are dark. She has had essential hypertension for 20 years, for which she takes bisoprolol. Her family history is positive for ty... | D: Colonoscopy |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 25-year-old woman presents to the emergency department with intermittent uterine contractions. She is 39 weeks pregnant and experienced a deluge of fluid between her legs while she was grocery shopping. She now complains of painful contractions. She is transferred to the labor and delivery floor and a healthy male ... | C: Maternal hyperglycemia during the pregnancy |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 46-year-old obese man comes to the emergency room because of paresthesias in his feet and a hypopigmented skin lesion on his knee that he first noticed 6 weeks ago. He has also had fever, fatigue, and malaise for the last week. He has a history of chronic autoimmune thyroiditis for which he takes levothyroxine. He ... | E: Oral rifampicin and dapsone |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 21-year-old woman comes to the physician because of hair loss on her frontal scalp over the past year. Menses have occurred at irregular 40- to 60-day intervals since menarche at the age of 17 years. She has no history of serious illness and takes no medications. She is 162 cm (5 ft 3 in) tall and weighs 73 kg (158... | C: Theca interna cells |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 5-year-old boy is brought to his physician by his mother for the evaluation of increased bruising for 3 weeks. The mother reports that the patient has also had two episodes of nose bleeding in the last week that subsided spontaneously within a few minutes. The boy was born at term and has been healthy except for an... | D: Observation |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 23-year-old woman comes to the emergency department complaining of abdominal pain and bloody vaginal discharge with clots. Her last menstrual period was 7 weeks ago. She does not smoke cigarettes or drink alcohol. She was admitted to the hospital for a deep vein thrombosis about 1 year ago and was treated with hepa... | A: Antiphospholipid antibody syndrome |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:An 8-year-old boy is referred to your office by his school for kyphoscoliosis. His mother recently noticed a change in the way he walks but thought it was a normal part of his growth. She notes that he has always been clumsy and has frequent falls. He has a history of type 1 diabetes mellitus for which he receives in... | A: Frataxin |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 27-year-old man presents to the emergency department with painless yellowing of his skin. The patient states he is generally healthy and has no past medical history. He smokes 2 packs of cigarettes per day and was recently treated for a urinary tract infection with a single dose of ceftriaxone followed by a 7 day c... | D: Gilbert syndrome |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 15-year-old boy is undergoing the bodily changes associated with puberty. He is concerned that he easily develops a foul skin odor, even with mild exercise. Which of the following glandular structures is the causative agent for this foul skin odor?? {'A': 'Eccrine gland', 'B': 'Mucous gland', 'C': 'Apocrine gland',... | C: Apocrine gland |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 50-year-old man presents to the office with the complaint of pain in his left great toe. The pain started 2 days ago and has been progressively getting worse to the point that it is difficult to walk even a few steps. He adds that his left big toe is swollen and hot to the touch. He has never had similar symptoms i... | B: Inhibits xanthine oxidase |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 25-year-old woman presented to an urgent care center with a complaint of a cough for more than 3 weeks that was accompanied by night sweats, weight loss, and malaise. On physical examination, the patient had slightly pale palpebral conjunctivae bilateral posterior cervical lymphadenopathy, but with no adventitious ... | B: Pyrazinamide |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 9-year-old boy is referred to an orthopedic surgeon after his primary care physician noticed that he was developing scoliosis. He has been otherwise healthy. His family history includes blindness and a cancer causing extremely high blood pressure. On physical exam there are scattered nodules in his skin as well as ... | A: Autosomal dominant |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 67-year-old man presents to his primary care physician complaining of frequent urination overnight. He states that for several years he has had trouble maintaining his urine stream along with the need for frequent urination, but the nighttime urination has only recently started. The patient also states that he has ... | C: Increased serum creatinine |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 71-year-old man comes to the emergency department because of pain and swelling in his left leg that started after he cut his foot while swimming in the ocean. He has a history of alcoholic cirrhosis. His temperature is 38.3°C (101.0°F). Examination of the left foot shows a small, purulent wound with surrounding swe... | E: Vibrio vulnificus |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 3-year-old boy is brought to a respiratory specialist. The family physician referred the child because of recurrent respiratory infections over the past 2 years. Chest X-rays showed a lesion of < 2 cm that includes glands and cysts in the upper lobe of the right lung. Diseases affecting the immune system were inves... | D: Lobectomy |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 22-year-old man is brought to the emergency department by his friends 30 minutes after falling down a flight of stairs. His friends report that they were at a college party, where he drank large amounts of alcohol. He is aggressive and restless. Examination shows tenderness to palpation and swelling of his right lo... | D: """I understand that you want to go home, but I'll have to keep you here as long as you are intoxicated.""" |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 25-year-old man comes to the physician because of a 2-week history of numbness in his left lower extremity. One month ago, he sustained a fracture of the neck of the left fibula during soccer practice that was treated with immobilization in a plaster cast. Physical examination of the left lower extremity is most li... | A: Impaired dorsiflexion of the foot |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 72-year-old man presents to his primary care physician due to worsening headache and double vision. His headache began several months ago, and he describes them as sharp and localized to the left side of the head. His double vision began one week prior to presentation. Medical history is significant for hypertensio... | C: Abducens |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 56-year-old woman undergoes open reduction and internal fixation of the distal tibia 1 day after a fall. She has had rheumatoid arthritis for 12 years and diabetes mellitus for 2 years. Her medications over the past year have included metformin, prednisone, calcium supplements, and methotrexate. Prior to surgery, i... | C: Vitamin A |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 32-year-old woman makes an appointment with her family physician for a new-employment physical examination. She has no complaints and the physical examination is unremarkable. The family history is negative for malignancies and inherited disorders. During the visit, she provides the results of a Pap smear taken las... | C: 3 years |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 35-year-old woman gravida 2, para 1, comes to the physician for her first prenatal visit. Pregnancy and delivery of her first child were uncomplicated. She is not sure about the date of her last menstrual period. Pelvic examination shows a uterus consistent in size with a 10-week gestation. An ultrasound examinatio... | D: Cell-free fetal DNA testing |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 72-year-old African American man presents with progressive fatigue, difficulty breathing on exertion, and lower extremity swelling for 3 months. The patient was seen at the emergency department 2 times before. The first time was because of back pain, and the second was because of fever and cough. He took medication... | B: Deposition of an extracellular fibrillar protein that stains positive for Congo red in the myocardium |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 73-year-old woman is brought in by her daughter stating that her mom has become increasingly forgetful and has trouble remembering recent events. Her memory for remote events is remarkably intact. The patient is no longer able to cook for herself as she frequently leaves the stove on unattended. She has recently be... | B: Nucleus basalis |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 27-year-old female in her 20th week of pregnancy presents for a routine fetal ultrasound screening. An abnormality of the right fetal kidney is detected. It is determined that the right ureteropelvic junction has failed to recanalize. Which of the following findings is most likely to be seen on fetal ultrasound:? {... | B: Unilateral hydronephrosis |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 16-year-old boy is brought to the pediatrician by his mother because she is concerned about the “spots” on his abdomen and back. The patient’s mother reports that there are several “light spots” on the patient’s trunk that have been slowly increasing in number. The lesions are not painful nor pruritic. The patient’... | A: Bilateral vestibular schwannomas |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 4-year-old girl is brought to the pediatrician's office by her parents with a complaint of foul-smelling discharge from one side of her nose for the past 2 weeks. There is no history of trauma to the nose and she was completely fine during her well-child visit last month. She was born at 39 weeks gestation via spon... | A: Nasal foreign body |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 27-year-old male presents to clinic complaining of coughing up small amounts of blood daily for the past week. He denies smoking, sick contacts, or recent travel. Chest radiographs demonstrates interstitial pneumonia with patchy alveolar infiltrates suggestive of multiple bleeding sites. Urinalysis is positive for ... | E: Goodpasture disease |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 66-year-old man presents with severe respiratory distress. He was diagnosed with pulmonary hypertension secondary to occupational pneumoconiosis. Biopsy findings of the lung showed ferruginous bodies. What is the most likely etiology?? {'A': 'Coal', 'B': 'Iron', 'C': 'Asbestos', 'D': 'Beryllium', 'E': 'Silica'}, | C: Asbestos |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 25-year-old G1P1 with a history of diabetes and epilepsy gives birth to a female infant at 32 weeks gestation. The mother had no prenatal care and took no prenatal vitamins. The child’s temperature is 98.6°F (37°C), blood pressure is 100/70 mmHg, pulse is 130/min, and respirations are 25/min. On physical examinatio... | E: Valproic acid |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:Following a motor vehicle accident, a 63-year-old man is scheduled for surgery. The emergency physician notes a posture abnormality in the distal left lower limb and a fracture-dislocation of the right hip and acetabulum based on the radiology report. The senior orthopedic resident mistakenly notes a fraction disloca... | D: Swiss-cheese model |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 53-year-old woman with hypertension is brought to the emergency department 30 minutes after having a generalized, tonic-clonic seizure. She has had recurrent headaches and dizziness in the last 3 months. One year ago, she had diarrhea after a trip to Ecuador that resolved without treatment. She has not received any... | A: Avoidance of contaminated food |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 6-year-old boy is brought to the physician because of increasing swelling around his eyes for the past 3 days. During this period, he has had frothy light yellow urine. He had a sore throat 12 days ago. He appears tired. His temperature is 37°C (98.6°F), pulse is 90/min, and blood pressure is 105/65 mm Hg. Examinat... | D: Fatty casts |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 55-year-old female presents to the emergency room complaining of severe abdominal pain. She reports a six-month history of worsening dull mid-epigastric pain that she had attributed to stress at work. She has lost fifteen pounds over that time. She also reports that her stools have become bulky, foul-smelling, and ... | E: Ampulla of Vater |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 67-year-old woman comes to the physician because of intermittent chest pain and dizziness on exertion for 6 months. Her pulse is 76/min and blood pressure is 125/82 mm Hg. Cardiac examination shows a grade 3/6, late-peaking, crescendo-decrescendo murmur heard best at the right upper sternal border. An echocardiogra... | C: Decreased left ventricular preload |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 45-year-old woman presents with fever, pain, and swelling of the right leg. She says that her right leg swelling has gradually worsened over the last 2 weeks. She has also noted worsening fatigue and anorexia. Two days ago, she developed a low-grade fever. Her past medical history is significant for type 2 diabetes... | B: Catalase-negative cocci in chain |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 7-year-old boy is brought to a pediatric clinic by his mother because he had difficulty swallowing for 4 days. He was diagnosed with asthma 3 months ago and has been using an inhaler as directed by the pediatrician. The child does not have a fever or a cough and is not short of breath. He denies pain during swallow... | D: Oral thrush |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 13-year-old boy is brought to the emergency room by his mother for a generalized tonic-clonic seizure that occurred while attending a laser light show. His mother says that he has been otherwise healthy but “he often daydreams”. Over the past several months, he has reported recurrent episodes of jerky movements of ... | C: Valproate |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 4-day-old male newborn is brought to the physician because of increasing yellowish discoloration of his skin for 2 days. He was born at 38 weeks' gestation and weighed 2466 g (5 lb 7 oz); he currently weighs 2198 g (4 lb 14 oz). Pregnancy was complicated by pregnancy-induced hypertension. The mother says he breastf... | C: Inadequate breastfeeding |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 19-year-old man and recent immigrant from Brazil present to the clinic. He has no known past medical, past surgical, or family history. The patient admits to having several regular sexual partners. Today, he complains of a skin rash on his back. He is unclear when it started but became aware when one of his partner... | A: Tinea versicolor |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 56-year-old woman visits her family physician accompanied by her son. She has recently immigrated to Canada and does not speak English. Her son tells the physician that he is worried that his mother gets a lot of sugar in her diet and does not often monitor her glucose levels. Her previous lab work shows a HbA1c va... | D: Skeletal muscle |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 33-year-old woman comes to the emergency department because of severe right flank pain for 2 hours. The pain is colicky in nature and she describes it as 9 out of 10 in intensity. She has had 2 episodes of vomiting. She has no history of similar episodes in the past. She is 160 cm (5 ft 3 in) tall and weighs 104 kg... | A: Ureterorenoscopy |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 55-year-old man presents to the emergency department with shortness of breath and weakness. Past medical history includes coronary artery disease, arterial hypertension, and chronic heart failure. He reports that the symptoms started around 2 weeks ago and have been gradually worsening. His temperature is 36.5°C (9... | C: Restricted aldosterone release |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:An 11-month-old boy presents with a scaly erythematous rash on his back for the past 2 days. No significant past medical history. Family history is significant for the fact that the patient’s parents are first-degree cousins. In addition, his older sibling had similar symptoms and was diagnosed with a rare unknown sk... | B: CD1a |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 22-year-old man is brought to the emergency department 10 minutes after falling down a flight of stairs. An x-ray of the right wrist shows a distal radius fracture. A rapidly acting intravenous anesthetic agent is administered, and closed reduction of the fracture is performed. Following the procedure, the patient ... | A: Glutamate |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:An otherwise healthy 45-year-old woman comes to the physician because of a 2-week history of an itchy rash on her left nipple. The rash began as small vesicles on the nipple and spread to the areola. It has become a painful ulcer with yellow, watery discharge that is occasionally blood-tinged. She has asthma treated ... | E: Paget disease of the breast " |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 40-year-old woman in her 18th week of pregnancy based on the last menstrual period (LMP) presents to her obstetrician for an antenatal check-up. The antenatal testing is normal, except the quadruple screen results which are given below: Maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein (MS-AFP) low Unconjugated estriol low Human ch... | A: Trisomy 21 |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 46-year-old man presents with increasing fatigue and weakness for the past 3 months. He works as a lawyer and is handling a complicated criminal case which is very stressful, and he attributes his fatigue to his work. He lost 2.3 kg (5.0 lb) during this time despite no change in diet or activity level. His past his... | D: A genetic test followed by colonoscopy for the son should be ordered. |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:Background: Beta-blockers reduce mortality in patients who have heart failure reduced ejection fraction and are on background treatment with diuretics and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors. We aimed to compare the effects of carvedilol and metoprolol on clinical outcome. Methods: In a multicenter, double-blind... | E: A 68-year-old male with NYHA class II systolic heart failure and EF 30% |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 48-year-old female comes into the ER with chest pain. An electrocardiogram (EKG) shows a heart beat of this individual in Image A. The QR segment best correlates with what part of the action potential of the ventricular myocyte shown in Image B?? {'A': 'Phase 0, which is primarily characterized by sodium influx', '... | A: Phase 0, which is primarily characterized by sodium influx |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:Ten days after being discharged from the hospital, a 42-year-old man comes to the emergency department because of reduced urine output for 3 days. Physical examination is normal. Serum creatinine concentration is 2.9 mg/dL. Urinalysis shows brownish granular casts and 2+ proteinuria. Renal biopsy shows patchy necrosi... | E: Gentamicin |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 3-year-old boy is brought to the physician because of a 4-week history of generalized fatigue and malaise. He was born at term and has been healthy since. His mother has a history of recurrent anemia. He appears pale. His temperature is 37°C (98.6°F) and pulse is 97/min. Examination shows pale conjunctivae and jaun... | C: Eosin-5-maleimide binding test |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 71-year-old woman presents with high-grade fever and chills, difficulty breathing, and a productive cough with rust-colored sputum. She complains of a sharp left-sided chest pain. Physical examination reveals increased fremitus, dullness to percussion, and bronchial breath sounds on the lower left side. A chest X-r... | C: Gram-positive diplococci |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:You are conducting a lab experiment on skeletal muscle tissue to examine force in different settings. The skeletal muscle tissue is hanging down from a hook. The experiment has 3 different phases. In the first phase, you compress the muscle tissue upwards, making it shorter. In the second phase, you attach a weight o... | C: Lengthening of the muscle in phase 2 increases passive tension. |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 20-year-old woman reports to student health complaining of 5 days of viral symptoms including sneezing and a runny nose. She started coughing 2 days ago and is seeking cough medication. She additionally mentions that she developed a fever 2 days ago, but this has resolved. On exam, her temperature is 99.0°F (37.2°C... | A: Anterior hypothalamus |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 28-year-old woman is brought to a counselor by her father after he found out that she is being physically abused by her husband. The father reports that she refuses to end the relationship with her husband despite the physical abuse. She says that she feels uneasy when her husband is not around. She adds, “I'm worr... | C: Dependent personality disorder |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 23-year-old patient presents to the emergency department after a motor vehicle accident. The patient was an unrestrained driver involved in a head-on collision. The patient is heavily intoxicated on what he claims is only alcohol. An initial trauma assessment is performed, and is notable for significant bruising of... | D: Fasciotomy |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 57-year-old man presents with 2 days of severe, generalized, abdominal pain that is worse after meals. He is also nauseated and reports occasional diarrhea mixed with blood. Apart from essential hypertension, his medical history is unremarkable. His vital signs include a temperature of 36.9°C (98.4°F), blood pressu... | C: Acute mesenteric ischemia |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 66-year-old farmer is being evaluated for abnormal lung findings on a low dose chest CT scan obtained as part of his lung cancer screening. He has a 50-pack-year smoking history and has been hesitant to quit. He has a non-productive cough but brushes it away saying he is not bothered by it. He denies ever coughing ... | D: Dendritic cells |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 51-year-old man seeks evaluation from his family physician with a complaint of heartburn, which has been gradually increasing over the last 10 years. The heartburn gets worse after eating spicy foods and improves with antacids. The past medical history is benign. He is a security guard and works long hours at night... | C: Urease |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A previously healthy 32-year-old woman comes to the physician because of a 1-week history of progressively worsening cough with blood-tinged sputum, shortness of breath at rest, and intermittent left-sided chest pain. She has some mild vaginal bleeding since she had a cesarean delivery 6 weeks ago due to premature ru... | B: Increased serum β-HCG levels |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 32-year-old woman presents to her physician concerned about wet spots on the inside part of her dress shirts, which she thinks it may be coming from one of her breasts. She states that it is painless and that the discharge is usually blood-tinged. She denies any history of malignancy in her family and states that s... | E: Intraductal papilloma |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 54-year-old African American male presents to the emergency department with 1 day history of severe headaches. He has a history of poorly controlled hypertension and notes he hasn't been taking his antihypertensive medications. His temperature is 100.1 deg F (37.8 deg C), blood pressure is 190/90 mmHg, pulse is 60/... | B: Sodium nitrite |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 33-year-old man is brought to the emergency department because of trauma from a motor vehicle accident. His pulse is 122/min and rapid and thready, the blood pressure is 78/37 mm Hg, the respirations are 26/min, and the oxygen saturation is 90% on room air. On physical examination, the patient is drowsy, with cold ... | B: Take the patient to the OR for an exploratory laparotomy |
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