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Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 70-year-old man comes to the physician for a follow-up examination of diffuse exertional chest pain which he has successfully been treating with sublingual nitroglycerin for the past year. The patient has been taking lisinopril daily for essential hypertension. His pulse is 75/min and regular, and blood pressure is... | E: End-diastolic pressure |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 78-year-old woman living in New Jersey is brought to the emergency department in July with a fever for 5 days. Lethargy is present. She has had bloody urine over the last 48 hours but denies any nausea, vomiting, or abdominal pain. She has no history of serious illness and takes no medications. She has not traveled... | A: Babesiosis |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 26-year-old woman is referred to a reproduction specialist because of an inability to conceive. She comes with her husband, who was previously examined for causes of male infertility, but was shown to be healthy. The patient has a history of 2 pregnancies at the age of 15 and 17, which were both terminated in the f... | A: The patient can make the decision about the treatment herself because she does not show signs of decision-making incapability. |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 28-year-old man is referred to the dermatologist for 2 months of increasing appearance of multiple smooth, circular patches of complete hair loss on his scalp. He says that the patches have associated pruritus and a burning sensation, and are not improving with the over-the-counter products recommended by his hair ... | E: Alopecia areata |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 71-year-old woman presents to her hematologist-oncologist for follow up after having begun doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide in addition to radiation therapy for the treatment of her stage 3 breast cancer. Her past medical history is significant for preeclampsia, hypertension, polycystic ovarian syndrome, and hyperc... | C: Doxorubicin has a maximum lifetime dose, due to the risk of cardiac toxicity |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 34-year-old man comes to the physician because of a 3-week history of left testicular swelling. He has no pain. He underwent a left inguinal hernia repair as a child. He takes no medications. He appears healthy. His vital signs are within normal limits. Examination shows an enlarged, nontender left testicle. When t... | E: Seminoma |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 33-year-old woman presents to the emergency department with pain in her right wrist. She says she was walking on the sidewalk a few hours ago when she suddenly slipped and landed forcefully on her outstretched right hand with her palm facing down. The patient is afebrile, and vital signs are within normal limits. P... | D: Bone labeled 'D' |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 24-year-old primigravida presents to her physician for regular prenatal care at 31 weeks gestation . She has no complaints and the antepartum course has been uncomplicated. Her pre-gestational history is significant for obesity (BMI = 30.5 kg/m2). She has gained a total of 10 kg (22.4 lb) during pregnancy,; and 2 k... | C: Observation in the outpatient settings |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 17-year-old boy is brought to the physician by his father because of fever, congestion, and malaise for the past 2 days. He reports a sensation of pressure over his nose and cheeks. Over the past year, he has had an intermittent cough productive of green sputum and lately has noticed some streaks of blood in the sp... | E: Immotile sperm |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 26-year-old woman presents with episodes of intermittent fever, arthralgias, constant fatigue, weight loss, and plaque-like rash on sun-exposed areas, which have been gradually increasing over the last 6 months. On presentation, her vital signs include: blood pressure is 110/80 mm Hg, heart rate is 87/min, respirat... | E: Ineffective clearance of cellular debris |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A medical student is reviewing dose-response curves of various experimental drugs. She is specifically interested in the different factors that cause the curve to shift in different directions. From her study, she plots the following graph (see image). She marks the blue curve for drug A, which acts optimally on a re... | A: Lower potency |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 40-year-old woman comes to the physician because of a 3-month history of a lump on her neck. The lump is mildly painful. She appears healthy. Examination shows a swelling on the left side of her neck that moves on swallowing. Cardiopulmonary examination shows no abnormalities. Her TSH is 3.6 μU/mL. Ultrasound shows... | B: Thyroid lobectomy |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 46-year-old woman presents to her primary care provider for itching. She reports that she has always had dry skin but that the itching has gotten significantly worse over the last few years. The patient also endorses fatigue and dull abdominal pain. Her past medical history includes Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, mitral ... | A: Hyperlipidemia |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 67-year-old man with type 2 diabetes mellitus and benign prostatic hyperplasia comes to the physician because of a 2-day history of sneezing and clear nasal discharge. He has had similar symptoms occasionally in the past. His current medications include metformin and tamsulosin. Examination of the nasal cavity show... | A: Desloratadine |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 24-year-old man presents with recurrent abdominal pain, diarrhea with fatty porridge-like stools and occasional blood up to 8 times per day, joint pain, and weight loss. Ileocolonoscopy shows regions of erythema, swelling, and cobblestone-like appearance of the ascending colon and terminal ileum. Targeted biopsies ... | B: Cryptitis |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 56-year-old man comes to the emergency department because of progressively worsening shortness of breath and fever for 2 days. He also has a nonproductive cough. He does not have chest pain or headache. He has chronic myeloid leukemia and had a bone marrow transplant 3 months ago. His current medications include bu... | D: Ganciclovir |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 20-year-old student is referred to his college's student health department because his roommates are concerned about his recent behavior. He rarely leaves his room, has not showered in several days, appears to be praying constantly even though he is not religious, and has not been studying despite previously being ... | B: Associated with development of retinal deposits |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A researcher is investigating the risk of symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage associated with tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) treatment in severe ischemic stroke. The outcomes of a large randomized controlled trial of ischemic stroke patients, some of whom were randomized to tPA, is shown: Symptomatic intracerebr... | E: 100 |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:An 31-year-old Israeli male with a history of heavy smoking presents to your office with painful ulcerations on his hands and feet. Upon examination, he is found to have hypersensitivity to intradermally injected tobacco extract. Which of the following processes is most likely responsible for his condition?? {'A': 'I... | C: Segmental vasculitis of small and medium-sized arteries |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 14-year-old boy is brought to the physician because of increasing swelling of his legs and generalized fatigue for 1 month. During this period he has also had a productive cough and shortness of breath. He has been unable to carry out his daily activities. He has a history of recurrent respiratory tract infections ... | E: Cystic fibrosis |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 49-year-old female with a long history of poorly controlled diabetes mellitus visits her primary care physician with 2+ non-pitting edema in her legs. The patient has a serum creatinine of 2.9 mg/dL and a blood urea nitrogen of 61 mg/dL. A 24-hour urine collection reveals 8.5 grams of protein. A renal biopsy is obt... | B: Nodular thickening of the glomerular basement membrane |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 72-year-old man with longstanding history of diabetes mellitus and hypertension presents to the emergency department with sudden-onset numbness. On your neurological exam, you note that he has loss of sensation on the left side of his face, arm, and leg. His motor strength exam is normal, as are his cranial nerves.... | D: Thalamic stroke |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 24-year-old graduate student is brought to the emergency department by her boyfriend because of chest pain that started 90 minutes ago. Her boyfriend says she has been taking medication to help her study for an important exam and has not slept in several days. On examination, she is diaphoretic, agitated, and attem... | D: Lorazepam |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 19-year-old man comes to the emergency department because of abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting for 4 hours. Initially, the pain was dull and located diffusely around his umbilicus, but it has now become sharper and moved towards his lower right side. He has no history of serious illness and takes no medications.... | E: Perform laparoscopic appendectomy |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 57-year-old man is brought to the emergency department 2 hours after the onset of severe nausea and vomiting. He also has cramping abdominal pain and feels fatigued. Two months ago, he injured his lumbar spine in a car accident and lost complete motor and sensory function below the level of injury. He has been bedr... | D: Bisphosphonates |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 49-year-old homeless man comes to the emergency department because of fatigue, cough, and worsening shortness of breath for 2 weeks. He was diagnosed with HIV-infection 25 years ago but has never had any symptoms. He has always refused to take antiretroviral medication. Pulmonary examination shows diffuse crackles ... | B: CCR5 |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 30-year-old man presents to the emergency department with complaints of red, pinkish urine in the morning. He adds that he has been feeling some abdominal pain. The patient is not taking any medication, and his laboratory test results are as follows: Hb 11.0 g/dL RBC 3.7 x 1012/L WBC 4,000/mm3 PLT 100,000/mm3 Retic... | A: Eculizumab can be used to treat this condition |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 15-year-old man presents with his father to the urgent care with 5 days of frequent diarrhea, occasionally with streaks of blood mixed in. Stool cultures are pending, but preliminary stool samples demonstrate fecal leukocytes and erythrocytes. His vital signs are as follows: blood pressure is 126/83 mm Hg, heart ra... | E: Oral TMP-SMX |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:During subject selection for an infant neurological development study, a child is examined by the primary investigator. She is at the 80th percentile for length and weight. She has started crawling. She looks for dropped objects. She says mama and dada non-specifically. She can perform the pincer grasp. Which of the ... | B: Pulls up to stand |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 52-year-old man comes to the emergency department because of a 3-week history of abdominal distention, yellow coloring of the skin, and dark urine. He also reports malaise and progressive shortness of breath, associated with slight exertion, for several weeks. The patient is a chronic drinker, and he was diagnosed ... | D: Hepatorenal syndrome |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 73-year-old man is brought to the emergency department because of fever and a productive cough for 2 days. He has had increasing fatigue and dyspnea for the past 2 weeks. During this time he has lost 3 kg (6.6 lb). He received chemotherapy for myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) 1 year ago. He is currently on supportive... | A: Acute myeloid leukemia |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 1-year-old girl is brought to the physician for a well-child examination. She has no history of serious illness. She receives a vaccine in which a polysaccharide is conjugated to a carrier protein. Which of the following pathogens is the most likely target of this vaccine?? {'A': 'Clostridium tetani', 'B': 'Hepatit... | D: Streptococcus pneumoniae |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 27-year-old G1P1001 is recovering in the postpartum unit three days after a Caesarean section. Her surgery was indicated for breech presentation of the infant. She was at 40 weeks and 2 days gestation at the time of delivery. The patient is now complaining of purulent discharge and continued heavy bleeding. She als... | D: Clindamycin and gentamicin |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:One week after admission to the hospital for an extensive left middle cerebral artery stroke, a 91-year-old woman is unable to communicate, walk, or safely swallow food. She has been without nutrition for the duration of her hospitalization. The patient's sister requests placement of a percutaneous endoscopic gastros... | D: Encourage a family meeting |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 59-year-old man presents to the emergency department because of severe flank pain. He says that the pain came on suddenly while he was at home and is located on his right side. He also says that he has had fever and chills for the last 2 days, but he did not seek medical attention because he assumed that it was jus... | C: Pain medicine |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 13-year-old boy is brought to the emergency department by his parents for severe right hip pain that suddenly started about 2 hours ago. The parents are extremely anxious and feel overwhelmed because the boy has been hospitalized several times in the past for similar episodes of pain. The boy was born at 39 weeks o... | C: Legg-Calve-Perthes disease |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 21-year-old woman is diagnosed with a rare subtype of anti-NMDA encephalitis. During the diagnostic workup, she was found to have an ovarian teratoma. Her physician is curious about the association between anti-NMDA encephalitis and ovarian teratomas. A causal relationship between this subtype of anti-NMDA encephal... | C: Case-control study |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 29-year-old man comes to the physician for a routine health maintenance examination. He feels well. He works as a nurse at a local hospital in the city. Three days ago, he had a needlestick injury from a patient whose serology is positive for hepatitis B. He completed the 3-dose regimen of the hepatitis B vaccine 2... | E: Administer hepatitis B immunoglobulin and 3-dose regimen of hepatitis B vaccine |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A previously healthy 33-year-old woman comes to the emergency department 1 hour after falling from a ladder. She is conscious. She does not smoke, drink alcohol, or use illicit drugs. There is no family history of serious illness. Her pulse is 72/min, respirations are 17/min, and blood pressure is 110/72 mm Hg. Physi... | A: Reassurance |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 36-year-old woman comes to the physician because of multiple episodes of headache over the past 3 months. The headaches last the entire day and are unilateral and throbbing. During the headaches, she has severe nausea and is unable to work and perform her daily activities. She has noticed that she becomes unusually... | C: Propranolol |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 24-year-old man presents with a painless genital ulcer for the past 2 weeks. He reports that he recently has been having unprotected sex with multiple partners. Past medical history is unremarkable. On physical examination, a single ulcer is present on the dorsal shaft of the penis which is circumscribed, indurated... | C: Fluorescent treponemal antibody absorption (FTA-ABS) test |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:Background: Aldosterone blockade reduces mortality and morbidity among patients with severe heart failure. Researchers conducted a double-blind, placebo-controlled study evaluating the effect of eplerenone, a selective aldosterone blocker, on morbidity and mortality among patients with acute myocardial infarction com... | D: 1/(0.167 - 0.144) |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 54-year-old woman presents to the emergency ward with a chief complaint of chest pain. The pain is sharp and present in the anterior part of the chest. There is no radiation of the pain; however, the intensity is decreased while sitting and leaning forward. There is no associated shortness of breath. Vital signs ar... | A: Constrictive pericarditis |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 54-year-old man with lymphoma presents to his oncologist with severe abdominal pain and flank pain. He says that the pain started 2 days ago and has gotten worse over time. He has also not been able to urinate over the same time period. On presentation, his temperature is 99°F (37.2°C), blood pressure is 110/72 mmH... | C: Bilateral stenting of the ureters |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 47-year-old man presents with recurrent epigastric pain and diarrhea. He has had these symptoms for the last year or so and has been to the clinic several times with similar complaints. His current dosage of omeprazole has been steadily increasing to combat his symptoms. The pain seems to be related to food intake.... | B: Fasting serum gastrin levels |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A mother brings her 7-year-old son to the pediatrician because she is worried about his sleep. She reports that the child has repeatedly woken up in the middle of the night screaming and thrashing. Although she tries to reassure the child, he does not respond to her or acknowledge her presence. Soon after she arrives... | D: Delta waves |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 27-year-old man presents to a physician for evaluation of 3 months of increased vertigo. He says that occasionally he will experience several seconds of intense vertigo that makes him lose his balance. He came in for evaluation because this symptom is affecting his ability to drive to work. He has also been occasio... | D: Internal auditory meatus |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 55-year-old woman comes to the clinic complaining of joint pain and stiffness for the past year. The pain is mainly concentrated in her hands and is usually worse towards the late afternoon. It is described with a burning quality that surrounds the joint with some numbness and tingling. The stiffness is especially ... | A: Acetaminophen |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 2-day-old male newborn is brought to the physician because he became somnolent and felt cold after breastfeeding. Pregnancy and delivery were uncomplicated. He was born at 40 weeks' gestation and weighed 3538 g (7 lb 13 oz); he currently weighs 3311 g (7 lb 5 oz). Examination shows generalized hypotonia. Serum stud... | E: Decreased γ-aminobutyric acid concentration |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 31-year-old man comes to the physician because of several months of recurrent abdominal pain and diarrhea. Six months ago, he traveled to Lake Superior for a fishing trip with his friends, during which they often ate their day's catch for dinner. Physical examination shows pallor. Laboratory studies show macrocytic... | B: Increased calcium influx into the sarcoplasm |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 25-year-old male is brought to the emergency department by his friends after a camping trip. He and his friends were in the woods camping when the patient started experiencing severe right upper quadrant abdominal pain after foraging and ingesting some wild mushrooms about 3 hours earlier. The patient is lethargic ... | B: RNA polymerase II |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:An otherwise healthy 39-year-old woman presents to her primary care provider because of right-leg swelling, which started 4 months ago following travel to Kenya. The swelling has been slowly progressive and interferes with daily tasks. She denies smoking or alcohol use. Family history is irrelevant. Vital signs inclu... | C: Obstruction of lymphatic channels |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 13-day-old male is brought in by his mother for eye redness and ocular discharge. Additionally, the mother reports that the patient has developed a cough and nasal discharge. Pregnancy and delivery were uncomplicated, but during the third trimester, the mother had limited prenatal care. Immediately after delivery, ... | D: Oral erythromycin |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 12-year-old girl presents to her primary care physician with left knee pain for the past 6 weeks. She recently joined the field hockey team at her school. The pain is the most severe when she is running up and down the stairs at the school stadium. The pain decreases when she goes home and rests after practice. She... | A: Osgood-Schlatter disease |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:An 80-year-old woman died due to the respiratory complications of lung cancer. She had been a heavy smoker, and battled COPD and adenocarcinoma of the lungs for the last 20 years. The autopsy also revealed a pathological finding in the mitral valve. Which of the following was most likely seen?? {'A': 'Destructive veg... | B: Non-destructive vegetations |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 34-year-old gravida 2 para 1 woman at 16 weeks gestation presents for prenatal care. Her prenatal course has been uncomplicated. She takes no medications besides her prenatal vitamin which she takes every day, and she has been compliant with routine prenatal care. She has a 7-year-old daughter who is healthy. The r... | A: Amniocentesis |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 26-year-old primigravida woman comes for her primary care physician for the second prenatal visit. She is 10 weeks pregnant. She has no current complaint except for occasional nausea. She does not have any chronic health problems. She denies smoking or alcohol intake. Her family history is positive for paternal col... | D: Colonoscopy for colorectal cancer at the age of 40 |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 20-year-old college student presents to her college's mental health services department because her dean has been concerned about her academic performance. She was previously a straight A student; however, she has been barely passing her exams since the death of her younger brother in an accident 5 months ago. She ... | A: Delusions about her brother |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 65-year-old gentleman presents to his primary care physician for difficulties with his gait and recent fatigue. The patient works in a health food store, follows a strict vegan diet, and takes an array of supplements. He noticed that his symptoms have progressed over the past year and decided to see a physician whe... | D: Vitamin E |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 62-year-old man comes to the physician because of fatigue and decreased urine output for 2 weeks. He has not been to the physician for many years and takes no medications. Serum studies show a urea nitrogen concentration of 42 mg/dL and a creatinine concentration of 2.3 mg/dL. Urinalysis shows heavy proteinuria. A ... | A: Diabetes mellitus |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 31-year-old male comes to the physician because of a 2-day history of blisters and brownish discoloration of urine. His symptoms appeared after he returned from a 4-day trip with his friends in Florida. He has had similar episodes of blistering twice in the past three years. Each episode resolved spontaneously afte... | D: Uroporphyrinogen III decarboxylase |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 21-year-old man presents with eye redness, itching, and watering; nasal congestion, and rhinorrhea. He reports that these symptoms have been occurring every year in the late spring since he was 18 years old. The patient’s medical history is significant for endoscopic resection of a right maxillary sinus polyp at th... | C: Excessive release of histamine by the mast cells |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A medicine resident on her nephrology rotation notices that she has received more alerts of high serum potassium levels on her patients through the hospital electronic medical record despite her census not having changed. On inspection of the laboratory result reports, critical alert markers are seen for potassium va... | C: Sensitivity increased and specificity decreased |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 53-year-old woman comes to the emergency department because of blurry vision, headache, and multiple episodes of nosebleeds over the last few weeks. During this time, she has also been itching a lot, especially after getting ready for work in the mornings. She has had an 8-kg (17.6-lb) weight loss and increasing fa... | B: Mutated JAK2 gene |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 32-year-old woman comes to the physician because of a 2-month history of fatigue, muscle weakness, paresthesias, headache, and palpitations. Her pulse is 75/min and blood pressure is 152/94 mm Hg. Physical examination shows no abnormalities. Serum studies show: Sodium 144 mEq/L Potassium 2.9 mEq/L Bicarbonate 31 mE... | C: Aldosteronoma |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 42-year-old man presents to the emergency department with a 3-day history of fever and severe back pain. The fever is high-grade, continuous, without chills and rigors. The back pain is severe, localized to the thoracic region, and aggravated by deep breathing. The patient tried taking ibuprofen with little improve... | D: Intravenous drug use |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 33-year-old man presents to his primary care physician for left-sided knee pain. The patient has a history of osteoarthritis but states that he has been unable to control his pain with escalating doses of ibuprofen and naproxen. His past medical history includes diabetes mellitus and hypertension. His temperature i... | B: Arthrocentesis |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 57-year-old man presents with fever and yellow discoloration of the skin for the past 4 days. He denies any recent weight loss or changes in urine or stool color. His past medical history is unremarkable. He admits to drinking about 130 g/day of alcohol and says he has been doing so for the past 25 years. His wife ... | D: Mallory-Denk bodies |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:Six days after undergoing a thoracic endovascular aortic repair following a high-speed motorcycle accident, a 29-year-old woman develops a fever, cough, and shortness of breath. Serum studies show a sodium concentration of 129 mEq/L. An x-ray of the chest shows a left-sided pleural effusion. Thoracentesis is performe... | A: High triglycerides |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 12-year-old boy presents to the emergency department with a swollen and painful knee. He says that he was exploring with his friends when he tripped and hit his knee against the ground. He didn't feel like he hit it very hard but it started swelling and becoming very painful. His mom reports that he has always been... | C: Hemophilia A |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A previously healthy 21-year-old man is brought to the emergency department 4 hours after the sudden onset of shortness of breath and pleuritic chest pain. He has smoked 1 pack of cigarettes daily for the past 3 years. He is 188 cm (6.2 ft) tall and weighs 70 kg (154 lb); BMI is 19.8 kg/m2. Physical examination shows... | B: Rupture of a subpleural bleb |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 5-year-old girl brought to the emergency department by her mother with seizures. The blood glucose is 94 mg/dl and the serum calcium is 5.3 mg/dl; however, the PTH levels are low. The medical history includes a delay in achieving developmental milestones. Her mother also says she needs frequent hospital visits due ... | D: Deletion of the chromosome 22q11 |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 67-year-old woman comes to the physician because of a 9-month history of progressive fatigue. Examination shows pallor. Her hemoglobin concentration is 8.9 g/dL, mean corpuscular volume is 75 μm3, and serum ferritin is 9 ng/mL. Test of the stool for occult blood is positive. Colonoscopy shows an irregular, bleeding... | C: Villous adenomatous polyp |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 21-year-old woman comes to the physician for the evaluation of dry cough and some chest tightness for the past several weeks. The cough is worse at night and while playing volleyball. She frequently has a runny nose and nasal congestion. Her mother has systemic lupus erythematosus. The patient has smoked one pack o... | A: Spirometry |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:An 8-year-old male presents to his pediatrician with dry, cracking skin on his hands. His mother states that this problem has been getting progressively worse over the past couple of months. During this time period, she has noticed that he also has become increasingly concerned with dirtiness. He tearfully admits to ... | A: Tourette's syndrome |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 68-year-old man of Mediterranean descent comes to the clinic with complaints of fatigue for the past month. He reports that it is increasingly difficult for him to complete his after-dinner walks as he would get breathless and tired around 10 minutes. He endorses dizziness and an upper respiratory infection last we... | A: A |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 50-year-old man with a remote history of intravenous drug use and a past medical history of AIDS presents to his primary care provider with several weeks of productive cough and a mild fever. He was in his normal state of health and slowly started to develop these symptoms. He is hoping to be prescribed an antibiot... | B: Community-acquired pneumonia |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A two-year-old female presents to the pediatrician with her mother for a routine well-child visit. Her mother is concerned that the patient is a picky eater and refuses to eat vegetables. She drinks milk with meals and has juice sparingly. She goes to sleep easily at night and usually sleeps for 11-12 hours. The pati... | C: Expressive language skills |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 32-year-old woman presents to the office with complaints of frothy urine and swelling in her body that started 6 days ago. She says that she first noticed the swelling in her face that gradually involved other parts of her body. On further questioning, she gives a history of rheumatoid arthritis for 2 years. She is... | C: Membranous nephropathy |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 32-year-old man with a history of alcohol binge drinking and polysubstance use is found down in his hotel room with bottles of alcohol, oxycodone, alprazolam, amphetamine-dextroamphetamine, and tadalafil. When EMS arrives, he appears comatose with pinpoint pupils and oxygen saturation of 80% on room air. He is intu... | B: Opioids |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:An investigator is studying metabolic processes in cells from a mouse model. She identifies certain cells that are unable to generate enough reducing factor for respiratory burst. Increased production of which of the following substances is most likely to be present in these cells?? {'A': 'Ribulose-5-phosphate from g... | D: Ribose-5-phosphate from fructose-6-phosphate |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 24-year-old woman comes to the clinic because her period is 4 weeks late, and she is experiencing fatigue and morning nausea. She had her last period almost 8 weeks ago. She is gravida 0 para 0 with previously regular menses and an unremarkable medical history. She had her menarche at the age of 13 years. She has a... | E: As the patient’s condition progresses, her estriol levels may rise up to 1000-fold |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 60-year-old gentleman passes away after a car accident. On routine autopsy it is incidentally noted that he has both a ventral and dorsal pancreatic duct. This incidental finding observed by the pathologist is generated due to failure of which of the following embryological processes?? {'A': 'Notochord signaling', ... | C: Fusion |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 35-year-old man comes to the physician because of a 6-month history of fatigue and increased sweating at night. He says that he feels “constantly tired” and needs more rest than usual although he sleeps well. In the morning, his sheets are often wet and his skin is clammy. He has not had any sore throat, runny nose... | E: Urolithiasis " |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 57-year-old man comes to the physician with a 3-month history of right flank pain. Urinalysis shows 60 RBC/hpf. Renal ultrasound shows a 3 cm, well-defined mass in the upper pole of the right kidney. A photomicrograph of a section of the resected mass is shown. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?? ... | B: Oncocytoma |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 40-year-old man comes to the physician because of a 6-week history of increasing shortness of breath, fatigue, and fever. He has had a cough productive of foul-smelling sputum for 4 weeks. He was hospitalized for alcohol intoxication twice over the past 6 months. He has hypertension and depression. He has smoked on... | E: Clindamycin therapy |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 16-year-old girl presents to the emergency department complaining of acute bilateral lower quadrant abdominal pain. She states she is nauseous and reports a 24-hour history of multiple episodes of vomiting. She admits to having unprotected sex with multiple partners. Her temperature is 102.0°F (38.9°C). Physical ex... | A: Cefoxitin and doxycycline |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 45-year-old man is brought to the emergency department by ambulance after vomiting blood. The patient reports that he only ate a small snack the morning before and had not eaten anything for over 24 hours. At the hospital, the patient is stabilized. He is admitted to a surgical floor and placed on NPO with a nasoga... | D: Fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 41-year-old man is admitted to the emergency room after being struck in the abdomen by a large cement plate while transporting it. On initial assessment by paramedics at the scene, his blood pressure was 110/80 mm Hg, heart rate 85/min, with no signs of respiratory distress. On admission, the patient is alert but i... | D: Emergency laparotomy |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:The incidence of a relatively benign autosomal recessive disease, X, is 1 in 25 in the population. Assuming that the conditions for Hardy Weinberg Equilibrium are met, what is the probability that a male and female, who are carriers, will have a child expressing the disease?? {'A': '1/4', 'B': '1/5', 'C': '4/5', 'D':... | A: 1/4 |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 67-year-old male presents to his primary care physician complaining of left hip pain for the past six months. He denies any trauma or recent falls. He is accompanied by his wife who reports that he has experienced progressive hearing loss over the same time period. The patient has also noticed that he is no longer ... | D: Elevated serum alkaline phosphatase |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 19-year-old male is brought to the emergency department by his roommate for 'strange' behavior over the last 48 hours. The patient states that he is hearing voices speak to him, giving him secret messages and instructions to carry out. He believes that the FBI is following him and spying on his conversations. The p... | B: Risperidone |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 68-year-old man presents to the emergency department with left lower quadrant abdominal pain and fever for 1 day. He states during this time frame he has had weight loss and a decreased appetite. The patient had surgery for a ruptured Achilles tendon 1 month ago and is still recovering but is otherwise generally he... | D: CT abdomen |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:Six days after falling in the shower, a 75-year-old man with COPD is brought to the emergency department because of progressively worsening left-sided chest pain and shortness of breath. He has smoked one pack of cigarettes daily for 50 years. His temperature is 36.5°C (97.7°F), pulse is 110/min, respirations are 30/... | E: Blood in the pleural space |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 12-month-old boy is brought to the emergency department by his mother for several hours of crying and severe abdominal pain, followed by dark and bloody stools in the last hour. The mother reports that she did not note any vomiting or fevers leading up to this incident. She does report that the boy and his 7-year-o... | C: Hyperplasia of Peyer patches |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 24-year-old man comes to the physician because of severe lower back pain for the past 2 days. The pain is constant and non-radiating, and he describes it as 7 out of 10 in intensity. The pain began after he helped a friend move into a new apartment. Three weeks ago, he was diagnosed with urethritis and was treated ... | A: Analgesia and regular activity |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 55-year-old man with known coronary artery disease presents to the ED with epigastric pain, worsening fatigue, and melena. He takes aspirin and rosuvastatin, but took ibuprofen over the past two weeks for lower back pain. He denies nausea, vomiting, hematemesis, chest pain, fever, and weight loss. Sitting blood pre... | A: threshold does not matter |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 61-year-old farmer comes to the physician because of a 3-month history of progressively worsening cough and shortness of breath. He has had a 7.5-kg (16.5-lb) weight loss during this period. He smokes occasionally and does not drink alcohol. Physical examination shows clubbing of the fingers. End-inspiratory crackl... | C: IgG-mediated immune complex deposition |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 57-year-old man comes to the emergency department because he has been having problems seeing over the last week. He says that he has been seeing specks in his vision and his vision also becomes blurry when he tries to focus on objects. He says that he cannot recall anything that may have precipitated this; however,... | B: Cidofovir |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:One day after a 4700-g (10-lb 6-oz) male newborn is delivered to a 28-year-old primigravid woman, the newborn has bluish discoloration of the lips and fingernails. His temperature is 37.3°C (99.1°F), pulse is 166/min, respirations are 63/min, and blood pressure is 68/44 mm Hg. Pulse oximetry on room air shows an oxyg... | E: Elevated hemoglobin A1c |
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