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Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 71-year-old man comes to the physician for a health maintenance examination. Aside from occasional lower back pain in the last couple of years, he feels well. He had a right-sided myocardial infarction 4 years ago. Currently, he has no shortness of breath and has no anginal symptoms. He has a 30 pack-year history o... | D: Whole-body CT scan |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 75-year-old man presents to his primary care provider with malaise and low-grade fever after he underwent a cystoscopy for recurrent cystitis and pyelonephritis two weeks ago. His past medical history is significant for coronary artery disease and asthma. His current medications include aspirin, metoprolol, atorvas... | D: Enterococcus |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 15-month-old girl is brought to her primary care physician for a follow-up visit to receive the 4th dose of her DTaP vaccine. She is up-to-date on her vaccinations. She received her 1st dose of MMR, 1st dose of varicella, 3rd dose of HiB, 4th dose of PCV13, and 3rd dose of polio vaccine 3 months ago. Thirteen days ... | C: Administration of the DTaP vaccine as scheduled |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 46-year-old man comes to the physician for a follow-up examination. He has type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypertension. Current medications include metformin and lisinopril. He reports that he has adhered to his diet and medication regimen. His hemoglobin A1c is 8.6%. Insulin glargine is added to his medication regim... | B: ↑ ↑ ↓ ↓ |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 39-year-old woman with multiple sclerosis comes to the physician for a follow-up examination. Over the past 3 years, she has been hospitalized 7 times for acute exacerbations of her illness. She has not responded to therapy with several disease-modifying agents and has required at least two pulse corticosteroid the... | C: """I'm very sorry to hear that you feel this way about your situation. With all that you've been through, I can see why you would be so frustrated.""" |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 60-year-old man comes to the emergency room for a persistent painful erection for the last 5 hours. He has a history of sickle cell trait, osteoarthritis, insomnia, social anxiety disorder, gout, type 2 diabetes mellitus, major depressive disorder, and hypertension. He drinks 1 can of beer daily, and smokes marijua... | A: Trazodone |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 60-year-old man presents with severe chronic neck pain. 6 months ago, the patient was in a motor vehicle accident where he sustained a severe whiplash injury. Initial radiographs were negative for fractures, and he was treated with cyclobenzaprine and tramadol and discharged with outpatient follow-up. He says that ... | A: Admission into the hospital |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 7-year-old boy is brought to the emergency department because of photophobia and pruritus on the periocular area of the right eye for the last 2 days. He also had crusts over the eyelashes of the right eye that morning. The boy has a history of asthma and atopic dermatitis. His medications include inhaled steroids ... | E: Herpes simplex virus |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 70-year-old man presents for a routine checkup. He says that he recently completely lost hearing in both ears and has been having occasional flare-ups of osteoarthritis in his hands and hips. Past medical history is significant for hypertension diagnosed 25 years ago that is well controlled. Family history is signi... | E: Osteosarcoma |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A six year-old female presents for evaluation of dry skin, fatigue, sensitivity to cold and constipation. The patient’s mother recalls that the patient had surgery to remove a “benign mass” at the base of her tongue 3 months ago because of trouble swallowing. What was the likely cause of the surgically removed mass??... | D: Failed caudal migration of the thyroid gland |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:During normal respiration in the lungs, oxygen is absorbed into the bloodstream and carbon dioxide is released. The oxygen is used in cells as the final electron acceptor during oxidative phosphorylation, and carbon dioxide is generated during each turn of the tricarboxylic citric acid cycle (TCA). Which of the follo... | B: Isocitrate to alpha ketoglutarate |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 46-year-old man presents to the emergency room after an industrial accident at a plastic manufacturer with altered consciousness, headache, shortness of breath, and abdominal pain. The vital signs include: blood pressure 145/80 mm Hg, heart rate 111/min, respiratory rate 27/min, and temperature 37.0℃ (98.6℉). The b... | A: Cytochrome C oxidase |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 57-year-old woman comes to the physician for a routine health maintenance examination. She has well-controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus, for which she takes metformin. She is 163 cm (5 ft 4 in) tall and weighs 84 kg (185 lb); BMI is 31.6 kg/m2. Her blood pressure is 140/92 mm Hg. Physical examination shows central ... | C: Liver cirrhosis |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 38-year-old woman presented to a clinic because of dementia, hemiparesis, ataxia, aphasia, and dysarthria that developed over the last 5 days. She had a 15-year history of intravenous drug abuse and was treated for fever, cough, and shortness of breath before the onset of neurological symptoms. Her MRI shows multip... | A: A double-stranded circular DNA virus |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 55-year-old man presents to the emergency department with shortness of breath and fatigue. His symptoms began insidiously and progressively worsened over the course of a month. He becomes short of breath when climbing the stairs or performing low-intensity exercises. He also needs to rest on multiple pillows in ord... | D: Enterovirus |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 71-year-old man with hypertension is taken to the emergency department after the sudden onset of stabbing abdominal pain that radiates to the back. He has smoked 1 pack of cigarettes daily for 20 years. His pulse is 120/min and thready, respirations are 18/min, and blood pressure is 82/54 mm Hg. Physical examinatio... | A: Aortic wall stress |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 75-year-old man comes to the physician because of a 3-month history of upper abdominal pain, nausea, and sensation of early satiety. He has also had a 9.4-kg (20.7-lb) weight loss over the past 4 months. He has osteoarthritis. He drinks two beers every night with dinner. His only medication is ibuprofen. Esophagoga... | D: Dietary nitrates |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 48-year-old male presents to his primary physician with the chief complaints of fever, abdominal pain, weight loss, muscle weakness, and numbness in his lower extremities. UA is normal. A biopsy of the sural nerve reveals transmural inflammation and fibrinoid necrosis of small and medium arteries. Chart review reve... | A: Polyarteritis nodosa |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 3-day-old girl is brought to the general pediatrics clinic by her mother. She was the product of an uncomplicated, full-term, standard vaginal delivery after an uncomplicated pregnancy in which the mother received regular prenatal care. This morning, after changing the child's diaper, the mother noticed that the ne... | E: No tests are needed |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A pilot study is conducted to determine the therapeutic response of a new antidepressant drug in patients with persistent depressive disorder. Twelve participants are randomized into a control and a treatment group (n=6 patients in each). They are asked to subjectively rate the severity of their depression from 1 (lo... | B: 0.5 |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 6-year-old boy with a history of multiple fractures is brought to his pediatrician by his mother, because she is concerned her child cannot hear her. On physical exam, kyphoscoliosis, poor dentition, bowing of long bones, and conductive hearing loss is noted. On genetic analysis, the patient has a COL1A1 gene mutat... | E: Sclera |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 43-year-old man presents with the complaint of pain in the small joints of his left hand. The pain is intermittent and cramping in nature in his 2nd and 3rd metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joints. It has progressively worsened over the past few weeks. He also reports that he has felt thirsty more often and has urinated m... | C: Hepcidin |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 26-year-old man is brought to the hospital by his wife who complains that her husband has been behaving oddly for the past few hours. The patient’s wife says that she has known him for only 4 months. The wife is unable to give any past medical history. The patient’s speech is difficult to follow, and he seems very ... | A: Dopamine receptor blocking |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 64-year-old man who has not seen a physician in over 20 years presents to your office complaining of recently worsening fatigue and weakness, a decreased appetite, distended abdomen, and easy bruising. His family history is notable for a mother with Hashimoto's thyroiditis, a sister with lupus and a brother with ty... | E: Decreased liver synthetic function |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 45-year-old woman, suspected of having colon cancer, is advised to undergo a contrast-CT scan of the abdomen. She has no comorbidities and no significant past medical history. There is also no history of drug allergy. However, she reports that she is allergic to certain kinds of seafood. After tests confirm normal ... | E: Inject epinephrine 1:1000, followed by steroids and antihistamines |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 41-year-old man presents to the emergency department because of brownish discoloration of his urine for the last several days. The review of symptoms includes complaints of increasing abdominal girth, early satiety, and difficulty breathing on exertion. The past medical history includes essential hypertension for 1... | E: Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 10-year-old boy presents to the emergency department with a swollen and painful elbow after accidentally bumping his arm into the kitchen table. His mom notes that he seems to bruise and bleed easily, but this is the first time he has had a swollen joint. She also remembers that her uncle had a bleeding disorder, b... | A: Factor VIII replacement |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 35-year-old woman is involved in a car accident and presents with an open fracture of the left femur and severe bleeding from the left femoral artery. No past medical history or current medications. Her blood pressure is 90/60 mm Hg, pulse is 110/min, and respirations are 21/min. On physical examination, the patien... | E: This patient’s laboratory findings will likely demonstrate a normocytic anemia |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 72-year-old man is brought to the emergency department after an episode of hemoptysis. He has a chronic cough that is productive of copious sputum. Six years ago, he had a stroke that left him with difficulty swallowing. He smoked one pack of cigarettes daily for 40 years, but quit 2 years ago. His respirations are... | E: Bronchiectasis |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 14-year-old boy has undergone kidney transplantation due to stage V chronic kidney disease. A pre-transplantation serologic assessment showed that he is negative for past or present HIV infection, viral hepatitis, EBV, and CMV infection. He has a known allergy for macrolides. The patient has no complaints 1 day aft... | B: Basiliximab |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 2-year-old boy presents with multiple skin abscesses caused by Staphylococcus aureus. Past medical history is significant for recurrent infections by the same organism. The nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) test demonstrates an inability to kill microbes. Which of the following defect is most likely responsible for the f... | C: Inability to generate the microbicidal respiratory burst |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:An 8-year-old boy presents to the physician with complaints that he is persistently experiencing sickness and clumsiness with multiple episodes of pneumonia and diarrhea. He also says that he has trouble seeing things well in the dark. Other symptoms include white patches (keratinized epithelium) on the sclerotic coa... | D: Deficiency of vitamin A |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A previously healthy 4-year-old boy is brought to the emergency department because of a 1-day history of pain and swelling of his left knee joint. He has not had any trauma to the knee. His family history is unremarkable except for a bleeding disorder in his maternal uncle. His temperature is 36.9°C (98.4°F). The lef... | D: Prolonged partial thromboplastin time |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 30-year-old male visits you in the clinic complaining of chronic abdominal pain and diarrhea following milk intake. Gastrointestinal histology of this patient's condition is most similar to which of the following?? {'A': 'Celiac disease', 'B': 'Crohns disease', 'C': 'Tropical sprue', 'D': 'No GI disease', 'E': 'Ulc... | D: No GI disease |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 28-year-old man presents to the Emergency Department after a window he was installing fell on him. The patient complains of left ocular pain, blurred vision, and obscured lower portion of the left visual field. The patient’s vital signs are as follows: blood pressure 140/80 mm Hg, heart rate 88/min, respiratory rat... | E: Systemic administration of vancomycin and levofloxacin |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:While attending a holiday party, a 35-year-old widow noticed a male who physically resembled her deceased husband. She introduced herself and began a conversation with the male while making sure not to make mention of the resemblance. After the conversation, she felt feelings of affection and warmth to the male simil... | A: Transference |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 54-year-old man presents to the office complaining of recent shortness of breath and fever. He has a history of a chronic cough which is progressively getting worse. His medical history is significant for hypertension and diabetes mellitus, both controlled with medication. He has been working in a sandblasting fact... | E: Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 24-year-old woman presents to the ED with symptoms of pelvic inflammatory disease despite being previously treated with azithromycin for chlamydial infection. Based on your clinical understanding about the epidemiology of PID, you decide to obtain a gram stain which shows a gram-negative diplococci. What is the nex... | B: Culture in Thayer-Martin media |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 29-year-old mother brings in her 2-week-old baby boy to a pediatrician because he has been having difficulty feeding. The mother reveals that she had no prenatal care during her pregnancy and gave birth at home without complications. She says that her son seems to be having difficulty sucking, and she occasionally ... | D: Palatine shelves with nasal septum |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 60-year-old woman presents to the dermatologist with a lesion on her lower eyelid. She noticed it a month ago and looked like a pimple. She says that it has been bleeding lately with minimal trauma which alarmed her. She says the lesion has not grown in size and is not associated with pain or pruritus. No significa... | D: Local invasion via collagenase |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 65-year-old man comes to the physician for the evaluation of a 2-month history of worsening fatigue and shortness of breath on exertion. While he used to be able to walk 4–5 blocks at a time, he now has to pause every 2 blocks. He also reports waking up from having to urinate at least once every night for the past ... | A: Increased tone of efferent renal arterioles |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 17-year-old girl presents to her primary care physician for a wellness checkup. The patient is currently doing well in school and plays soccer. She has a past medical history of childhood obesity that was treated with diet and exercise. The patient states that her menses have not changed, and they occur every 1 to ... | C: Deficiency of 21-hydroxylase |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A medical technician is trying to isolate a pathogen from the sputum sample of a patient. The sample is heat fixed to a slide then covered with carbol fuchsin stain and heated again. After washing off the stain with clean water, the slide is covered with sulfuric acid. The sample is rinsed again and stained with meth... | C: Nocardia asteroides |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 24-year-old woman with 45,X syndrome comes to the physician because of diarrhea for 4 months. She also reports bloating, nausea, and abdominal discomfort that persists after defecation. For the past 6 months, she has felt tired and has been unable to do her normal chores. She went on a backpacking trip across South... | D: Gluten-free diet |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 55-year-old man presents with severe fatigue and fever. His past medical history is significant for a recent history of mononucleosis from which he fully recovered 8 weeks ago. On physical examination, the patient seems pale. A chest radiograph shows multiple enlarged mediastinal lymph nodes. A biopsy of one of the... | A: Lymphocyte-depleted lymphoma |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 36-year-old woman presents to the emergency department with chest discomfort and fatigue. She reports that her symptoms began approximately 1 week ago and are associated with shortness of breath, swelling of her legs, and worsening weakness. She’s been having transitory fevers for about 1 month and denies having si... | B: Jugular venous distension |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 28-year-old woman is brought to the physician because of progressive difficulty walking, slowed speech, and a tremor for the past 5 months. Her grandfather died of bleeding esophageal varices at the age of 42 years. She does not drink alcohol. She is alert and oriented but has a flat affect. Her speech is slurred a... | D: Low serum ceruloplasmin concentration |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 65-year-old man presents to his primary care provider with excessive fatigue, weight loss, and multiple small bruises on his arms and abdomen. These symptoms started several months ago. He reports worsening fatigue and a 20-pound (9 kg) weight loss in the past month. Past medical history is significant for an asymp... | C: Positive direct Coombs tests |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 42-year-old homeless man is brought to the emergency room after he was found unconscious in a park. He has alcohol on his breath and is known to have a history of chronic alcoholism. A noncontrast CT scan of the head is normal. The patient is treated for acute alcohol intoxication and admitted to the hospital. The ... | B: It increases the frequency of GABA-gated chloride channel opening. |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 3-year-old boy was brought in by his parents for undescended testes. The physical examination showed an absence of the left testis in the scrotum. Inguinal swelling was noted on the left side and was surgically corrected. Which of the following conditions will most likely occur in the later stages of his life?? {'A... | E: Testicular cancer |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 70-year-old woman is brought to the emergency department 1 hour after being found unconscious in her apartment by her neighbor. No medical history is currently available. Her temperature is 37.2°C (99.0°F), pulse is 120/min, respirations are 18/min, and blood pressure is 70/50 mm Hg. Laboratory studies show a glome... | C: Profuse diarrhea |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 21-year-old woman presents to the clinic complaining of fatigue for the past 2 weeks. She reports that it is difficult for her to do strenuous tasks such as lifting heavy boxes at the bar she works at. She denies any precipitating factors, weight changes, nail changes, dry skin, chest pain, abdominal pain, or urina... | A: Duodenum |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 42-year-old woman comes to the emergency department because of worsening severe pain, swelling, and stiffness in her right knee for the past 2 days. She recently started running 2 miles, 3 times a week in an attempt to lose weight. She has type 2 diabetes mellitus and osteoporosis. Her mother has rheumatoid arthrit... | D: Hematogenous spread of infection |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A four-week-old female is evaluated in the neonatal intensive care unit for feeding intolerance with gastric retention of formula. She was born at 25 weeks gestation to a 32-year-old gravida 1 due to preterm premature rupture of membranes at 24 weeks gestation. The patient’s birth weight was 750 g (1 lb 10 oz). She r... | D: D |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 48-year-old Caucasian woman presents to her primary care provider complaining about difficulties while swallowing with fatigability and occasional palpitations for the past few weeks. Her personal history is relevant for bariatric surgery a year ago and a long list of allergies which includes peanuts, penicillin, a... | C: Luminal eccentric membranes |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 72-year-old man is admitted to the hospital because of a 2-day history of right-sided weakness and dysphagia. He is diagnosed with a thrombotic stroke and treatment with aspirin is initiated. A videofluoroscopic swallowing study is performed to determine his ability to swallow safely; he is found to be at increased... | C: Checklist |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 20-year-old woman presents with shortness of breath and chest pain for 1 week. She says the chest pain is severe, sharp in character, and aggravated upon deep breathing. She says she becomes short of breath while walking upstairs in her home or with any type of exertion. She says she frequently feels feverish and f... | E: Downregulation of neutrophil adhesion molecules |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 44-year-old woman presents to her primary care physician because she has been experiencing shortness of breath and fatigue over the past week. In addition, she has noticed that her eyelids appear puffy and her lower extremities have become swollen. Laboratory tests reveal protein and fatty casts in her urine. Based... | C: Phospholipase A2 receptor antibodies |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 42-year-old man presents to his primary care physician complaining of subjective fever, cough, and night sweats. He states that over the past 2 months he has “not felt like myself.” He has lost 12 lbs over this time period. Two weeks ago, he started experiencing night sweats and cough. This morning he decided to ta... | E: Prussian blue staining |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:The prison doctor sees a 25-year-old man for some minor injuries sustained during a recent lunchroom brawl. The patient has a long history of getting into trouble. During his interview, he seems very charming and carefully deflects all responsibility to others and gets irritable and hostile once probed on the issues.... | A: Childhood history |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 52-year-old man presents to his physician with a chief concern of not feeling well. The patient states that since yesterday he has experienced nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, general muscle cramps, a runny nose, and aches and pains in his muscles and joints. The patient has a past medical history of obesity, chronic pu... | B: Methadone |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 60-year-old woman presents to the physician with a 2-day history of fever and painful swelling of the left knee. She was diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis about 15 years ago and has a 7-year history of diabetes mellitus. Over the past year, she has been admitted to the hospital twice for acute, painful swelling o... | D: Intravenous vancomycin |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 26-year-old woman at 30 weeks 2 days of gestational age is brought into the emergency room following a seizure episode. Her medical records demonstrate poorly controlled gestational hypertension. Following administration of magnesium, she is taken to the operating room for emergency cesarean section. Her newborn da... | D: Gas within the walls of the small or large intestine on radiograph |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 12-year-old boy presents with progressive clumsiness and difficulty walking. He walks like a 'drunken-man' and has experienced frequent falls. He was born at term and has gone through normal developmental milestones. His vaccination profile is up to date. He denies fever, chills, nausea, vomiting, chest pain, and s... | D: Friedreich’s ataxia |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 55-year-old man presents to the emergency department because of an excruciating headache that started suddenly after he got home from work. He also reports having double vision. Specifically, in the last week he almost got into two car accidents with vehicles that "came out of nowhere" while he was trying to merge ... | D: Increased hat size |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 49-year-old man is brought to the emergency department by his wife because he is vomiting blood. His wife reports that he has been nauseous for the past day and that he has had 2 episodes of vomiting bright red blood over the past 2 hours. He has never experienced this before. He has not had any bloody stool, melen... | B: Perform endotracheal intubation |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 30-year-old woman is undergoing work up for progressive weakness. She reports that at the end of the work day, her "eyelids droop" and her "eyes cross," but in the morning she feels "ok." She reports that her legs feel heavy when she climbs the stairs of her house to go to sleep at night. As part of her work up, th... | D: Edrophonium |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A drug that inhibits mRNA synthesis has the well-documented side effect of red-orange body fluids. For which of the following is this drug used as monotherapy?? {'A': 'Mycobacterium avium intracellulare infection', 'B': 'Methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus infection', 'C': 'Neisseria meningitidis prophylaxis'... | C: Neisseria meningitidis prophylaxis |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 50-year-old man is brought to the emergency department due to chest pain and shortness of breath for the last 2 hours. He describes the chest pain as squeezing in nature and radiating towards his left arm. It is associated with nausea and sweating. He has a similar history in the past, which is mostly aggravated wi... | C: Troponin I |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 10-year-old boy is brought by his mother to his pediatrician for “skin growths.” His mother reports that she started noticing small lumps arising from the patient’s lips and eyelids several months ago. She also notes that he seems to suffer from frequent constipation and appears “weaker” than many of his peers. The... | E: RET |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 50-year-old man presents with a 3-day history of painful peeling of his skin. He says he initially noted small erythematous spots on areas of his neck, but this quickly spread to his torso, face, and buttocks to form flaccid blisters and areas of epidermal detachment involving > 40% of his total body surface area. ... | D: Skin biopsy and histopathologic analysis |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 25-year-old woman comes to the physician for a pre-employment examination. Her current medications include an oral contraceptive and a daily multivitamin. Physical examination is unremarkable. Serum studies show calcium of 11.8 mg/dL, phosphorus of 2.3 mg/dL, and parathyroid hormone level of 615 pg/mL. A 24-hour ur... | C: Defect in calcium-sensing receptors |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 5-year-old boy presents to his pediatrician with weakness. His father observed that his son seemed less energetic at daycare and kindergarten classes. He was becoming easily fatigued from mild play. His temperature is 98°F (37°C), blood pressure is 90/60 mmHg, pulse is 100/min, and respirations are 20/min. Physical... | A: Bone marrow biopsy with > 25% lymphoblasts |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 57-year-old woman with a history of diabetes and hypertension accidentally overdoses on antiarrhythmic medication. Upon arrival in the ER, she is administered a drug to counteract the effects of the overdose. Which of the following matches an antiarrhythmic with its correct treatment in overdose?? {'A': 'Quinidine ... | D: Esmolol and glucagon |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:You are seeing a patient in clinic who presents with complaints of weakness. Her physical exam is notable for right sided hyperreflexia, as well as the finding in video V. Where is the most likely location of this patient's lesion?? {'A': 'Subthalamic nucleus', 'B': 'Lateral geniculate nucleus', 'C': 'Postcentral gyr... | E: Internal capsule |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:An 8-year-old female presents to her pediatrician with nasal congestion. Her mother reports that the patient has had nasal congestion and nighttime cough for almost two weeks. The patient’s 3-year-old brother had similar symptoms that began around the same time and have since resolved. The patient initially seemed to... | B: Moraxella catarrhalis |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 25-year-old female comes to the physician because of fever and worsening cough for the past 4-days. She has had several episodes of otitis media, sinusitis, and an intermittent cough productive of green sputum for the past 2-years. She has also noticed some streaks of blood in the sputum lately. Her temperature is ... | A: Delayed tubal ovum transit |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 6-day-old boy is brought to the emergency room with a fever. He was born to a G1P1 mother at 39 weeks gestation via vaginal delivery. The mother underwent all appropriate prenatal care and was discharged from the hospital 1 day after birth. The boy has notable skin erythema around the anus with some serosanguinous ... | C: LFA-1 integrin |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:The boy is admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit for closer monitoring. Peripheral venous access is established. He is treated with IV isotonic saline and started on an insulin infusion. This patient is at the highest risk for which of the following conditions in the next 24 hours?? {'A': 'Cerebral edema', 'B... | A: Cerebral edema |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 70-year-old man presents to the physician with a 1-month history of severe fatigue. During this time, he has unintentionally lost 2 kg (4.4 lb). Currently, he takes no medications other than aspirin for occasional knee pain. He does not smoke or drink alcohol. His vital signs are within the normal range. On physica... | E: Translocation t(15;17) |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:An 11-month-old boy presents to his pediatrician with severe wheezing, cough, and fever of 38.0°C (101.0°F). Past medical history is notable for chronic diarrhea since birth, as well as multiple pyogenic infections. The mother received prenatal care, and delivery was uneventful. Both parents, as well as the child, ar... | A: Increased IgM and decreased IgA, IgG, and IgE |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 76-year-old man presents after an acute onset seizure. He lives in a retirement home and denies any previous history of seizures. Past medical history is significant for a hemorrhagic stroke 4 years ago, and type 2 diabetes, managed with metformin. His vital signs include: blood pressure 80/50 mm Hg, pulse 80/min, ... | A: Reduced fluid intake |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 64-year-old woman comes to the physician because of a 7.2-kg (16-lb) weight loss over the past 6 months. For the last 4 weeks, she has also had intermittent constipation and bloating. Four months ago, she spent 2 weeks in Mexico with her daughter. She has never smoked. She drinks one glass of wine daily. She appear... | D: Metastatic colorectal cancer |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 52-year-old African American man presents to his primary care physician with a chief complaint of leg swelling. He says that the swelling began about 2 weeks ago and he cannot recall anything that may have provoked the episode. Otherwise he has had joint pain, headaches, frothy urine, and some tingling in his finge... | E: Elevated levels of IL-6 |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 10-month-old girl is brought to the clinic by her mother with skin lesions on her chest. The mother says that she noticed the lesions 24 hours ago and that they have not improved. The patient has no significant past medical history. She was born at term by spontaneous transvaginal delivery with no complications, is... | D: Cryotherapy or podophyllotoxin (0.15% topically) |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 67-year-old female patient is brought to the emergency department after her daughter noticed she has been having meaningless speech. When assessing the patient, she calls the chair a table, and at times would make up new words. She does not appear to be aware of her deficit, and is carrying on an empty conversation... | C: Superior temporal gyrus |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A researcher has identified a chemical compound that she expects may contribute to the development of colorectal cancer. She designs an experiment where she exposes 70 mice to a diet containing this compound with another 50 mice in a control group that was fed a regular diet. After 9 months, the mice were evaluated f... | C: 18.0% |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 65-year-old man presents to his primary care physician for a rash. He states that for the past several days he has felt burning and itching around his eye. Yesterday, he noticed that a rash had formed. Review of systems is notable for mild diarrhea for the past week. The patient has a past medical history of diabet... | A: Acyclovir |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 66-year-old woman presents to the emergency department after a fall 4 hours ago. She was on her way to the bathroom when she fell to the ground and lost consciousness. Although she regained consciousness within one minute, she experienced lightheadedness for almost half an hour. She has experienced on-and-off dizzi... | D: Stop antihypertensive medicines |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A group of researchers wish to develop a clinical trial assessing the efficacy of a specific medication on the urinary excretion of amphetamines in intoxicated patients. They recruit 50 patients for the treatment arm and 50 patients for the control arm of the study. Demographics are fairly balanced between the two gr... | B: Ascorbic acid |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 32-year-old G6P1 woman presents to the obstetrician for a prenatal visit. She is 8 weeks pregnant. She has had 4 spontaneous abortions in the past, all during the first trimester. She tells you she is worried about having another miscarriage. She has been keeping to a strictly organic diet and takes a daily prenata... | B: Low molecular weight heparin |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 28-year-old man presents to the clinic complaining of chronic joint pain and fatigue for the past 2 months. The patient states that he usually has pain in one of his joints that resolve but then seems to move to another joint. The patient notes no history of trauma but states that he has experienced some subjective... | B: A spirochete |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 34-year-old man presents to an outpatient clinic with chronic fatigue and bumps on his neck, right axilla, and groin. Upon questioning, he reveals he frequently visits Japan on business and is rather promiscuous on his business trips. He denies use of barrier protection. On examination, there is generalized lymphad... | E: Human T-lymphotropic virus 1 |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 22-year-old primigravida is admitted to the obstetrics ward with leg swelling at 35 weeks gestation. She denies any other symptoms. Her pregnancy has been uneventful and she was compliant with the recommended prenatal care. Her vital signs were as follows: blood pressure, 168/95 mm Hg; heart rate, 86/min; respirato... | B: Blood pressure of 165/90 mm Hg reassessed 4 hours later |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 4-year-old girl is brought to the physician because of progressive intermittent pain and swelling in both knees and right ankle and wrist for 3 months. She has been taking acetaminophen and using ice packs, both of which relieved her symptoms. The affected joints feel ""stuck” and difficult to move when she wakes u... | E: Oligoarticular juvenile idiopathic arthritis |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 65-year-old male presents to your office complaining of worsening shortness of breath. He has experienced shortness of breath on and off for several years, but is noticing that it is increasingly more difficult. Upon examination, you note wheezing and cyanosis. You conduct pulmonary function tests, and find that th... | B: Increased erythropoietin |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 52-year-old man presents to the emergency department with nausea, palpitations, and lightheadedness after consuming a drink prepared from the leaves of yellow oleander (Thevetia peruviana). He had read somewhere that such a drink is healthy. As he liked the taste, he consumed 3 glasses of the drink before the sympt... | B: Digoxin immune Fab |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 1-year-old boy presents to pediatrics clinic for a well-child visit. He has no complaints. He has a cleft palate and an abnormal facial appearance. He has been riddled with recurrent infections and is followed by cardiology for a ventricular septal defect (VSD). Vital signs are stable, and the patient's physical ex... | C: A positive Chvostek's sign |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 46-year-old woman presents to the emergency department complaining of bloody diarrhea, fatigue, and confusion. A few days earlier she went to a fast-food restaurant for a college reunion party. Her friends are experiencing similar symptoms. Laboratory tests show anemia, thrombocytopenia, and uremia. Lactate dehydro... | B: E. coli |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A couple brings their 1-year-old child to a medical office for a follow-up evaluation of his small, empty scrotum. The scrotum has been empty since birth and the physician asked them to follow up with a pediatrician. There are no other complaints. The immunization history is up to date and his growth and development ... | C: Inhibin |
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