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Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 65-year-old woman presents to her physician with a persistent and debilitating cough which began 3 weeks ago, and chest pain accompanied by shortness of breath for the past week. Past medical history is significant for breast carcinoma 10 years ago treated with mastectomy, chemotherapy and radiation, a hospitalizat... | D: Squamous cell carcinoma lung |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:An investigator is developing a drug for muscle spasms. The drug inactivates muscular contraction by blocking the site where calcium ions bind to the myocyte actin filament. Which of the following is the most likely site of action of this drug?? {'A': 'Myosin-binding site', 'B': 'Myosin head', 'C': 'Ryanodine recepto... | E: Troponin C |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 72-year-old woman is brought to the emergency department by ambulance after an unexpected fall at home 1 hour ago. She was resuscitated at the scene by paramedics before being transferred to the hospital. She has a history of ischemic heart disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus. She has not taken any sedative medica... | A: “Based on her wishes, mechanical ventilation must be discontinued.” |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 54-year-old male carpenter accidentally amputated his right thumb while working in his workshop 30 minutes ago. He reports that he was cutting a piece of wood, and his hand became caught up in the machinery. He is calling the emergency physician for advice on how to transport his thumb and if it is necessary. Which... | D: Wrap thumb in saline-moistened, sterile gauze and place in sterile bag |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 45-year-old diabetic man presents to your office for routine follow-up. One year ago, the patient’s hemoglobin A1C was 7.2% and the patient was encouraged to modify his diet and increase exercise. Six months ago, the patient’s HA1C was 7.3%, and you initiated metformin. Today, the patient has no complaints. For whi... | B: Mild chronic obstructive pulmonary disease |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 4-year-old boy is brought to the emergency department with difficulty breathing. His mother reports that he developed a fever last night and began to have trouble breathing this morning. The boy was born at 39 weeks gestation via spontaneous vaginal delivery. He is unvaccinated (conscientious objection by the famil... | B: At 2-months-old |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 57-year-old man comes to the physician two weeks after a blood pressure of 160/92 mm Hg was measured at a routine health maintenance examination. Subsequent home blood pressure measurements since the last visit have been: 159/98 mm Hg, 161/102 mm Hg, and 152/95 mm Hg. Over the past 3 years, the patient has had a 10... | C: Resistance to insulin |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 67-year-old man is brought to the emergency department because of increasing shortness of breath that began while playing outdoors with his grandson. He has a history of asthma but does not take any medications for it. On arrival, he is alert and oriented. He is out of breath and unable to finish his sentences. His... | A: Endotracheal intubation |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 52-year-old male with ischemic cardiomyopathy presents to his cardiologist for worsening shortness of breath on exertion. He denies any recent episodes of chest pain and has been compliant with his medications, which include metoprolol, lisinopril, spironolactone, and furosemide. The patient’s vitals signs are as f... | D: Decreases the volume and work placed on the left ventricle |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 16-year-old girl comes to the physician with her mother because of intermittent abdominal cramps, fatigue, and increased urination over the past 3 months. She has no history of serious illness. She reports that she has not yet had her first menstrual period. Her mother states that she receives mostly A and B grades... | D: Serum β-hCG |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 30-year-old woman presents to the clinic because of fever, joint pain, and a rash on her lower extremities. She admits to intravenous drug use. Physical examination reveals palpable petechiae and purpura on her lower extremities. Laboratory results reveal a negative antinuclear antibody, positive rheumatoid factor,... | C: Hepatitis C infection |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 30-year-old woman with a 1-year history of medically-managed Graves disease visits her endocrinologist to discuss her desire to become pregnant and whether pregnancy is safe with her medications. Her temperature is 98.4°F (36.9°C), blood pressure is 110/66 mmHg, pulse is 78/min, respirations are 12/min. The endocri... | C: Fulminant hepatic necrosis |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 58-year-old man comes to the physician because of a 5-day history of progressively worsening shortness of breath and fatigue. He has smoked 1 pack of cigarettes daily for 30 years. His pulse is 96/min, respirations are 26/min, and blood pressure is 100/60 mm Hg. An x-ray of the chest is shown. Which of the followin... | A: Left ventricular failure |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 33-year-old woman comes to the physician because of left leg pain and swelling for 1 day. She has had two miscarriages but otherwise has no history of serious illness. Physical examination shows stiff, swollen finger joints. The left calf circumference is larger than the right and there is a palpable cord in the le... | D: Anti-β2 glycoprotein antibodies |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 50-year-old male presents to the emergency with abdominal pain. He reports he has had abdominal pain associated with meals for several months and has been taking over the counter antacids as needed, but experienced significant worsening pain one hour ago in the epigastric region. The patient reports the pain radiat... | B: Chest radiograph |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 31-year-old woman presents to your office with one week of recurrent fevers. The highest temperature she recorded was 101°F (38.3°C). She recently returned from a trip to Nigeria to visit family and recalls a painful bite on her right forearm at that time. Her medical history is significant for two malarial infecti... | D: Suramin and melarsoprol |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 36-year-old man presents with soreness and dryness of the oral mucosa for the past 3 weeks. No significant past medical history. The patient reports that he has had multiple bisexual partners over the last year and only occasionally uses condoms. He denies any alcohol use or history of smoking. The patient is afebr... | A: Change the patient’s toothbrush and improve oral hygiene |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 32-year-old woman presents to her primary care physician for an annual checkup. She reports that she has been feeling well and has no medical concerns. Her past medical history is significant for childhood asthma but she has not experienced any symptoms since she was a teenager. Physical exam reveals a 1-centimeter... | E: Sclerosing adenosis |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 3-year-old boy is brought to his pediatrician’s office because of prolonged ear pulling and discomfort. The condition started a week ago and his parents are concerned that he has developed another ear infection. He has had multiple minor respiratory tract infections with productive cough and ear infections over the... | E: Kartagener syndrome |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 30-year-old woman, gravida 2, para 1, at 12 weeks' gestation comes to the physician for a prenatal visit. She feels well. Pregnancy and vaginal delivery of her first child were uncomplicated. Five years ago, she was diagnosed with hypertension but reports that she has been noncompliant with her hypertension regimen... | D: Abruptio placentae |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 42-year-old woman, gravida 1, para 0, at 10 weeks' gestation comes to the physician for a prenatal examination. She has no history of significant medical illness. Physical examination shows a uterus consistent with a 10-week gestation. Cell-free fetal DNA testing shows a karyotype of 47,XXY. If the fetus's conditio... | A: ↑ ↑ ↓ ↑ |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 44-year-old man is brought to the emergency department 45 minutes after being involved in a high-speed motor vehicle collision in which he was the restrained driver. On arrival, he has left hip and left leg pain. His pulse is 135/min, respirations are 28/min, and blood pressure is 90/40 mm Hg. Examination shows an ... | E: Physiologic ADH (vasopressin) secretion |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 67-year old woman is brought to the emergency department after she lost consciousness while at home. Her daughter was with her at the time and recalls that her mother was complaining of a diffuse headache and nausea about 2 hours before the incident. The daughter says that her mother has not had any recent falls an... | B: Ruptured saccular aneurysm |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 58-year-old man with liver cirrhosis presents to his primary care physician complaining of increased abdominal girth and early satiety. He drinks 2–4 glasses of wine with dinner and recalls having had abnormal liver enzymes in the past. Vital signs include a temperature of 37.1°C (98.7°F), blood pressure of 110/70 ... | D: High sinusoidal pressure |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 48-year-old man is brought to the emergency department with a stab wound to his chest. The wound is treated in the emergency room. Three months later he develops a firm 4 x 3 cm nodular mass with intact epithelium over the site of the chest wound. On local examination, the scar is firm, non-tender, and there is no ... | C: Keloid scar formation |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 55-year-old man presents to the emergency department for chest pain. He states that the pain started last night and has persisted until this morning. He describes the pain as in his chest and radiating into his back between his scapulae. The patient has a past medical history of alcohol abuse and cocaine abuse. He ... | A: Asymmetric blood pressures in the upper extremities |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 45-year-old woman comes to the physician because of right foot pain for 3 months. She has a burning sensation in the plantar area between the third and fourth metatarsals that radiates to the third and fourth digits. She had a right distal radius fracture that was treated with a splint and physical therapy three mo... | C: Intermetatarsal neuroma |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 2-year-old boy is brought to the emergency department because of fever, cough, and ear pain over the past 2 days. He has had recurrent respiratory tract infections and several episodes of giardiasis and viral gastroenteritis since he was 6 months of age. Examination shows decreased breath sounds over both lung fiel... | B: Mutation in tyrosine kinase gene |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 30-year-old woman, gravida 2, para 1, abortus 1, comes to the physician because of failure to conceive for 12 months. She is sexually active with her husband 2–3 times per week. Her first child was born at term after vaginal delivery 2 years ago. At that time, the postpartum course was complicated by hemorrhage fro... | D: Hysteroscopy with potential adhesiolysis |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 50-year-old man presents with a complaint of pain and swelling of his right leg for the past 2 days. He remembers hitting his leg against a table 3 days earlier. Since then, the pain and swelling of the leg have gradually increased. His past medical history is significant for atopy and pulmonary tuberculosis. The p... | D: Ultrasound of the right leg |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 35-year-old Caucasian female presents with anemia, malaise, bloating, and diarrhea. Past genetic testing revealed that this patient carries the HLA-DQ2 allele. The physician suspects that the patient's presentation is dietary in cause. Which of the following findings would definitively confirm this diagnosis?? {'A'... | B: Biopsy of the duodenum showing atrophy and blunting of villi |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 20-year-old woman presents to the emergency department with painful abdominal cramping. She states she has missed her menstrual period for 5 months, which her primary care physician attributes to her obesity. She has a history of a seizure disorder treated with valproic acid; however, she has not had a seizure in o... | B: Magnesium |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 65-year-old woman presents with severe abdominal pain and bloody diarrhea. Past medical history is significant for a myocardial infarction 6 months ago. The patient reports a 25-pack-year smoking history and consumes 80 ounces of alcohol per week. Physical examination shows a diffusely tender abdomen with the absen... | B: Small bowel ischemia |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 43-year-old man comes to the physician because of left flank pain and nausea for 2 hours. The pain comes in waves and radiates to his groin. Over the past year, he has had intermittent pain in the bilateral flanks and recurrent joint pain in the toes, ankles, and fingers. He has not seen a physician in over 10 year... | C: Monosodium urate |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 63-year-old female enrolls in a research study evaluating the use of iron studies to screen for disease in a population of post-menopausal women. Per study protocol, past medical history and other identifying information is unknown. The patient's iron studies return as follows: Serum iron: 200 µg/dL (normal 50–170 ... | B: Excess iron absorption |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 36-year-old woman with HIV comes to the physician because of a 3-day history of pain and watery discharge in her left eye. She also has blurry vision and noticed that she is more sensitive to light. Her right eye is asymptomatic. She had an episode of shingles 7 years ago. She was diagnosed with HIV 5 years ago. Sh... | E: Herpes simplex keratitis |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:While testing various strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae, a researcher discovers that a certain strain of this bacteria is unable to cause disease in mice when deposited in their lungs. What physiological test would most likely deviate from normal in this strain of bacteria as opposed to a typical strain?? {'A': 'Bi... | C: Quellung reaction |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 38-year-old man comes to the physician because of progressive pain and swelling of his left knee for the past 2 days. He has been taking ibuprofen for the past 2 days without improvement. Four days ago, he scraped his left knee while playing baseball. He has a 2-month history of progressive pain and stiffness in hi... | D: Arthrocentesis of the left knee |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 62-year-old man with a past medical history notable for α-thalassemia now presents for urgent care with complaints of increased thirst and urinary frequency. Physical examination is grossly unremarkable, although there is a bronze discoloration of his skin. His vital signs include: temperature 36.7°C (98.0°F), bloo... | D: Recurrent phlebotomy |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 47-year-old woman complains of weight gain and irregular menses for the past 2 years. She has gained 13 kg (28,6 lb) and feels that most of the weight gain is in her abdomen and face. She has type 2 diabetes and hypertension for 1 year, and they are difficult to control with medications. Vital signs include a tempe... | E: Transsphenoidal pituitary adenoidectomy |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 14-year-old boy is brought to the emergency department by his mom after she found him complaining of headaches, nausea, lightheadedness, and muscle pain. He has had type I diabetes for 3 years with very well managed blood sugars, and he is otherwise healthy. He recently returned from a boy scout skiing trip where h... | A: Interstitial fibrosis |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A patient suffering from Graves' disease is given thiocyanate by his physician. Thiocyanate helps in the treatment of Graves' disease by:? {'A': 'Inhibiting thyroid peroxidase', 'B': "Inhibiting 5'-deiodinase", 'C': 'Inhibiting thyroid deiodinase', 'D': 'Inhibiting beta-adrenergic receptors', 'E': 'Inhibiting iodide ... | E: Inhibiting iodide follicular uptake |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 16-month-old male patient, with no significant past medical history, is brought into the emergency department for the second time in 5 days with tachypnea, expiratory wheezes and hypoxia. The patient presented to the emergency department initially due to rhinorrhea, fever and cough. He was treated with nasal suctio... | E: Nasal suctioning, oxygen therapy and IV fluids |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 67-year-old man with type 2 diabetes mellitus comes to the emergency department because of lightheadedness over the past 2 hours. He reports that he has had similar episodes of lightheadedness and palpitations over the past 3 days. His only medication is metformin. His pulse is 110/min and irregularly irregular. An... | C: Aneurysm of the descending aorta |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 21-year-old female presents to her psychiatrist for ongoing management of major depressive disorder. She has previously tried cognitive behavioral therapy as well as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, but neither treatment has been very effective. She also states that she has been smoking two packs per day fo... | C: Patient is bulimic |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 10-month-old boy is being treated for a rare kind of anemia and is currently being evaluated for a bone marrow transplant. The patient’s mother presents to an appointment with their pediatrician after having done some online research. She has learned that the majority of patients inherit this condition as an autoso... | C: Fetal hemoglobin level is elevated |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 44-year-old woman comes to the physician for the evaluation of a 1-month history of fatigue and difficulty swallowing. During this period, she has also had dry skin, thinning hair, and rounding of her face. She has type 1 diabetes mellitus and rheumatoid arthritis. Her father had a thyroidectomy for papillary thyro... | E: Positive thyroid peroxidase antibodies and thyroglobulin antibodies in serum |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 64-year-old man presents to his primary care provider after noticing the development of a blistering rash. The patient states that his symptoms began 1 week ago after he noticed a blister develop on the inside of his mouth that eventually ruptured. Over the past several days, he has noticed several more blisters on... | D: IgG against transmembrane proteins between cells |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:An investigator is attempting to develop a blood test to diagnose sporadic Creutzfeld-Jacob disease (CJD). She has collected several tissue samples from adults who were diagnosed with CJD. After performing a comprehensive tissue analysis, she has identified two amino acid sequences on the affected proteins that are h... | B: Western blot |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 52-year-old woman presents to her primary care physician for her annual checkup. She lost her job 6 months ago and since then she has been feeling worthless because nobody wants to hire her. She also says that she is finding it difficult to concentrate, which is exacerbated by the fact that she has lost interest in... | C: Decreased serotonin and norepinephrine |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 46-year-old woman presents to a psychiatrist for evaluation. Three months prior, the patient moved to a new apartment building, and since then, she has become increasingly convinced that her doorman has been stealing her packages and going into her apartment while she is not home. She states that objects do not sta... | B: Delusional disorder |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 71-year-old man with colorectal cancer comes to the physician for follow-up examination after undergoing a sigmoid colectomy. The physician recommends adjuvant chemotherapy with an agent that results in single-stranded DNA breaks. This chemotherapeutic agent most likely has an effect on which of the following enzym... | E: Topoisomerase I |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A previously healthy 10-year-old boy is brought to the emergency department 15 minutes after he had a seizure. His mother reports that he complained of sudden nausea and seeing “shiny lights,” after which the corner of his mouth and then his face began twitching. Next, he let out a loud scream, dropped to the floor u... | A: Focal to bilateral tonic-clonic seizure |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 45-year-old woman is in a high-speed motor vehicle accident and suffers multiple injuries to her extremities and abdomen. In the field, she was bleeding profusely bleeding and, upon arrival to the emergency department, she is lethargic and unable to speak. Her blood pressure on presentation is 70/40 mmHg. The traum... | A: Provide transfusions as needed |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 14-year-old boy is brought to the office by his mother with the complaint of increasing bilateral nasal obstruction for the past 5 months. He also complains of continuous bilateral nasal discharge. He adds that he no longer has any sense of smell of foods. Past medical history is significant for growth retardation ... | B: Nasal polyposis |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 46-year-old man presents to a clinic with a complaint of intermittent flank pain bilaterally for 5 days. The pain is colicky in nature and radiates to the groin. The patient took an old prescription (hyoscyamine) and got some relief. He has nausea, but had not vomited until now. Although he has a history of renal s... | C: Developmental anomaly characterized by cystic dilatation of the collecting tubules in the renal pyramids |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 44-year-old man comes to the physician because of fatigue and increased straining during defecation for 3 months. During this time, he has lost 5 kg (12 lb) despite no change in appetite. He has a family history of colon cancer in his maternal uncle and maternal grandfather. His mother died of ovarian cancer at the... | E: Lynch syndrome |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 45-year-old woman presents to the emergency department with a headache, fevers with chills, rigors, and generalized joint pain for the past week. She also complains of a progressive rash on her left arm. She says that a few days ago she noticed a small, slightly raised lesion resembling an insect bite mark, which h... | B: Babesia microti |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 30-year-old man comes to the physician because of recurrent episodes of right-sided jaw pain over the past 3 months. The patient describes the pain as dull. He says it worsens throughout the day and with chewing, and that it can also be felt in his right ear. He also reports hearing a cracking sound while eating. O... | D: Dysfunction of the temporomandibular joint |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 55-year-old male is hospitalized for acute heart failure. The patient has a 20-year history of alcoholism and was diagnosed with diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2) 5 years ago. Physical examination reveals ascites and engorged paraumbilical veins as well as 3+ pitting edema around both ankles. Liver function tests show... | D: Pioglitazone |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 67-year-old man with hypertension comes to the physician because of a 5-month history of a facial rash. He occasionally feels burning or stinging over the affected area. His only medication is lisinopril. Physical examination shows the findings in the photograph. Which of the following is the strongest predisposing... | C: Alcohol consumption |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 65-year-old woman comes to the physician for the evaluation of sharp, stabbing pain in the lower back for 3 weeks. The pain radiates to the back of her right leg and is worse at night. She reports decreased sensation around her buttocks and inner thighs. During the last several days, she has had trouble urinating. ... | B: Cauda equina syndrome |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 9-year-old boy presents to the emergency department with a 12 hour history of severe vomiting and increased sleepiness. He experienced high fever and muscle pain about 5 days prior to presentation, and his parents gave him an over the counter medication to control the fever at that time. On presentation, he is foun... | B: Cerebral edema |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 15-year-old boy presents to the emergency room with severe lower abdominal pain that awoke him from sleep about 3 hours ago. The pain is sharp and radiates to his left thigh. While in the emergency room, the patient experiences one episode of vomiting. His temperature is 99.3°F (37.4°C), blood pressure is 126/81 mm... | D: Surgical exploration |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 62-year-old man comes to the physician because of increasing pain in his right leg for 2 months. The pain persists throughout the day and is not relieved by rest. He tried taking acetaminophen, but it provided no relief from his symptoms. There is no family history of serious illness. He does not smoke. He occasion... | D: Impaired hearing |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 37-year-old woman presents to her primary care physician for bilateral nipple discharge. The patient states that she has observed a milky discharge coming from her nipples for the past month. On review of systems, the patient states that she has felt fatigued lately and has experienced decreased libido. She also en... | C: Protein-secreting CNS mass |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 29-year-old woman presents to a medical office complaining of fatigue, nausea, and vomiting for 1 week. Recently, the smell of certain foods makes her nauseous. Her symptoms are more pronounced in the mornings. The emesis is clear-to-yellow without blood. She has had no recent travel out of the country. The medical... | B: Beta-HCG levels and a transvaginal ultrasound |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 57-year-old immigrant from Nigeria presents to the emergency department for sudden, severe pain and swelling in her lower extremity. She was at a rehabilitation hospital when her symptoms became apparent. The patient has a past medical history of obesity, diabetes, bipolar disorder, and tonic-clonic seizures. Her c... | E: Nephrotic syndrome |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 41-year-old woman presents to the emergency room with chest pain. She has had progressive substernal chest pain accompanied by weakness and mild shortness of breath for the past 2 hours. Her past medical history is notable for poorly controlled systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), Sjogren syndrome, and interstitial ... | E: QRS complex height variation |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 14-year-old girl is brought to the emergency department because of a 3-day history of worsening confusion, high-grade fever, and a productive cough. She has had recurrent respiratory infections and bulky, foul-smelling, oily stools since infancy. She is at the 14th percentile for height and 8th percentile for weigh... | A: Deletion of phenylalanine codon on chromosome 7 |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 25-year-old woman presents to a physician for a new patient physical exam. Aside from occasional shin splints, she has a relatively unremarkable medical history. She takes oral contraceptive pills as scheduled and a multivitamin daily. She reports no known drug allergies. All of her age appropriate immunizations ar... | A: Colonoscopy in 5 years |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 35-year-old computer programmer presents to the psychiatrist at the request of his mother for his oddities. He explains that he wears an aluminum foil cap while he works because he does not want extraterrestial life to steal his thoughts. He spends his free time building a radio transmitter to contact distant plane... | B: Schizotypal |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 45-year-old homeless man is brought to the emergency department after he was found unconscious at the park. The patient's past medical history is unknown; however, he was admitted to the emergency department 2 times over the past year for severe pain treated with hydromorphone and IV fluids. His temperature is 100°... | D: Parvovirus B19 infection |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 48-year-old patient with congestive heart failure is brought into the emergency room after an attempted suicide. He was found by his daughter whom he lives with while trying to suffocate himself. He had recently moved in with his daughter after his house went into foreclosure. The daughter lives in a small two-bedr... | A: Having a support system |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 52-year-old woman complains of severe vomiting for the past 2 hours. She recently had a chemotherapy session for breast cancer. She denies a history of any relevant gastrointestinal diseases, including GERD. The physical exam does not demonstrate any epigastric or abdominal tenderness. The last bowel movement was y... | E: 5-HT3 blocker |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 25-year-old male visits his primary care physician with complaints of hemoptysis and dysuria. Serum blood urea nitrogen and creatinine are elevated, blood pressure is 160/100 mm Hg, and urinalysis shows hematuria and RBC casts. A 24-hour urine excretion yields 1 gm/day protein. A kidney biopsy is obtained, and immu... | D: Anti-glomerular basement membrane antibody (Anti-GBM) |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 31-year-old woman with multiple sclerosis comes to the physician because of a 4-day history of cramps in her left leg. Physical examination shows flexion of the left hip and increased tone in the thigh muscles. A local anesthetic block of which of the following nerves would most likely improve this patient's condit... | D: Femoral nerve |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 64-year-old male with a history of coronary artery disease, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and type II diabetes presents to his primary care physician with increasing shortness of breath and ankle swelling over the past month. Which of the following findings is more likely to be seen in left-sided heart failure and ... | B: Basilar crackles on pulmonary auscultation |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 27-year-old woman, gravida 1, para 1, presents to the obstetrics and gynecology clinic because of galactorrhea, fatigue, cold intolerance, hair loss, and unintentional weight gain for the past year. She had placenta accreta during her first pregnancy with an estimated blood loss of 2,000 mL. Her past medical histor... | E: Sheehan’s syndrome |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 54-year-old man is referred to a tertiary care hospital with a history of 5 months of progressive difficulty in walking and left leg numbness. He first noticed mild gait unsteadiness and later developed gradual right leg weakness. His left leg developed progressive numbness and tingling. His blood pressure is 138/8... | D: Right hemi-spinal cord |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:An 18-year-old woman presents to the emergency department with severe right lower quadrant discomfort and stomach pain for the past day. She has no significant past medical history. She states that she is sexually active and uses oral contraceptive pills for birth control. Her vital signs include: blood pressure 127/... | C: Ultrasound of the appendix |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A group of neurologists develop a new blood test for Alzheimer's. They are optimistic about the test, as they have found that for any given patient, the test repeatedly produces very similar results. However, they find that the new test results are not necessarily consistent with the gold standard of diagnosis. How w... | B: Reliable |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 6-year-old boy presents with fever, sore throat, hoarseness, and neck enlargement. The symptoms started 3 days ago and progressed gradually with an elevated temperature and swollen lymph nodes. His family immigrated recently from Honduras. He was born via spontaneous vaginal delivery at 39 weeks after an uneventful... | C: Eukaryotic elongation factor-2 (eEF-2) |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 45-year-old unconscious man is brought to the emergency department by a friend who witnessed him collapse. They were working in a greenhouse spraying the vegetables when the man started to complain of blurred vision and nausea. On the way to the hospital, the man lost consciousness and lost bladder continence. The ... | A: Activation of M2-cholinergic receptors |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 10-year-old boy is brought to the physician by his mother because of a 2-day history of fever and productive cough. He has had similar episodes sporadically in the past with frequent episodes of thick, discolored nasal discharge. Physical examination shows diffuse crackles and rhonchi. An x-ray of the chest is show... | B: Ciliated columnar cells |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A study is conducted in a hospital to estimate the prevalence of handwashing among healthcare workers. All of the hospital staff members are informed that the study is being conducted for 1 month, and the study method will be a passive observation of their daily routine at the hospital. A total of 89 medical staff me... | E: Hawthorne effect |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 59-year-old man with angina pectoris comes to the physician because of a 6-month history of shortness of breath on exertion that improves with rest. He has hypertension and hyperlipidemia. Current medications include aspirin, metoprolol, and nitroglycerine. Echocardiography shows left ventricular septal and apical ... | C: Hibernating myocardium |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 25-year-old woman is brought to the emergency department 12 hours after ingesting 30 tablets of an unknown drug in a suicide attempt. The tablets belonged to her father, who has a chronic heart condition. She has had nausea and vomiting. She also reports blurring and yellowing of her vision. Her temperature is 36.7... | E: Increased serum K+ |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 78-year-old man presents with fatigue and exertional dyspnea. The patient says that symptoms onset gradually 4 weeks ago and have not improved. He denies any history of anemia or nutritional deficiency. Past medical history is significant for ST-elevation myocardial infarction 6 months ago, status post coronary art... | C: Anemia of chronic disease |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 72-year-old man presents to the emergency department after a fall. The patient was found lying down on the floor in his room in his retirement community. The patient has a past medical history of Alzheimer dementia and a prosthetic valve. His current medications include donepezil and warfarin. His temperature is 97... | A: CT scan |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 46-year-old woman presents to her primary care physician for her annual examination. At her prior exam one year earlier, she had a Pap smear which was within normal limits. Which of the following health screenings is recommended for this patient?? {'A': 'Blood glucose and/or HbA1c screening', 'B': 'Yearly Pap smear... | A: Blood glucose and/or HbA1c screening |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 75-year-old woman comes to the physician because of a 3-month history of involuntary weight loss and a painless lump on her neck. Physical examination shows a firm, irregular swelling on the right side of the neck. Ultrasonography of the thyroid gland shows a 2-cm nodule with irregular margins and microcalcificatio... | A: Negative staining of tumor cells for thyroglobulin |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 13-year-old boy with a history of asthma and seasonal allergies is currently using albuterol to manage his asthma symptoms. Recently, his use of albuterol increased from 1–2 days/week to 4 times/week over the past several weeks, though he does not experience his symptoms daily. The vital signs include: temperature ... | C: Add fluticasone daily |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 32-year-old woman comes to her physician because of increasing back pain for the past 10 months. The pain is worse in the morning when she wakes up and improves with activity. She used to practice yoga, but stopped 5 months ago as bending forward became increasingly difficult. She has also had bilateral hip pain fo... | B: HLA-B27 positive genotype |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 65-year-old G2P2 presents to her physician for a routine gynecologic check-up. She has been menopausal since 54 years of age, but has not been on hormone replacement therapy. Both pregnancies and deliveries were uneventful. Her husband has been her only sexual partner for the past 30 years. At 45 years of age she u... | C: Discontinuing screening in this patient should be considered |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 38-year-old woman undergoes a diagnostic hysteroscopy for a 6-month history of small volume intermenstrual bleeding with no other complaints. There is no history of pelvic pain, painful intercourse, or vaginal discharge other than blood. During the procedure, a red beefy pedunculated mass is seen arising from the e... | A: Endometrial polyp |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 63-year-old man with a history of hypertension and atrial fibrillation is brought into the emergency room and found to have a ventricular tachyarrhythmia. Ibutilide is discontinued and the patient is switched to another drug that also prolongs the QT interval but is associated with a decreased risk of torsades de p... | D: Amiodarone |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 45-year-old-man presents to the physician with complaints of intermittent episodes of severe headaches and palpitations. During these episodes, he notices that he sweats profusely and becomes pale in complexion. He describes the episodes as coming and going within the past 2 months. His temperature is 99.3°F (37.4°... | A: Phenoxybenzamine |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 57-year-old woman presents to her physician’s office because she is coughing up blood. She says that she first observed a somewhat reddish sputum a few months ago. However, over the past couple of weeks, the amount of blood she coughs has significantly increased. She has been smoking for the past 30 years. She says... | B: Chest radiograph |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 72-year-old man presents to a physician with multiple skin lesions on his trunk, face, neck, and extremities. The lesions are painless, but they itch mildly. He mentions that 3 weeks ago, his skin was completely normal. The lesions developed all over his body just over the past few days. Although he says that he ha... | E: Adenocarcinoma of stomach |
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