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Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 21-year-old G3P2 woman presents to her obstetrician at 6 weeks gestation for routine prenatal care. Her past medical history includes obesity and gestational diabetes. She has had two spontaneous vaginal deliveries at term. One infant was macrosomic with hypoglycemia, but otherwise, she has had no complications. He... | D: Ectoderm |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 49-year-old man presents to the clinic with skin lesions and chronic diarrhea. His wife also reports that he has become more irritable and forgetful in the past year. His medical history is significant for a gastroenterostomy performed 4 years ago due to gastric outlet obstruction caused by hyperplastic polyposis, ... | E: NAD+ |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:Cardiac surgery is consulted on a newborn with a large ventricular septal defect. The child has poor weight gain and feeding difficulties. He requires furosemide and captopril to avoid dyspnea. On physical examination his temperature is 36.9°C (98.4°F), pulse rate is 158/min, respiratory rate is 30/min, and blood pre... | C: Surgical closure of the defect |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 15-year-old boy is brought to the physician with excessive daytime sleepiness over the past year. His parents are concerned with his below-average school performance over the last 3 months. He goes to bed around midnight and wakes up at 7 am on school days, but sleeps in late on weekends. He exercises regularly aft... | C: Increase nighttime sleep hours |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 38-year-old man presents with sudden onset abdominal pain and undergoes an emergent laparoscopic appendectomy. The procedure is performed quickly, without any complications, and the patient is transferred to the post-operative care unit. A little while later, the patient complains of seeing people in his room and h... | B: N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonism |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 15-year-old girl comes to the physician with her father for evaluation of her tall stature. She is concerned because she is taller than all of her friends. Her birth weight and height were within normal limits. Her father is 174 cm (5 ft 7 in) tall; her mother is 162 cm (5 ft 3 in) tall. She is at the 98th percenti... | A: Transsphenoidal adenomectomy |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 38-year-old woman comes to the physician because of a 3-week history of involuntary movements of her extremities. One year ago, she was fired from her position as an elementary school teacher because she had stopped preparing lessons and was frequently absent without notice. She now lives with her mother. She appea... | D: Dopamine |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 52-year-old man arrives to the clinic for arthritis and leg swelling. The patient reports that the joint pains began 8 months ago. He has tried acetaminophen and ibuprofen without significant improvement. He reports the leg swelling began within the past 2 months and has gotten progressively worse. The patient’s me... | A: Alpha fetoprotein |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 20-year-old woman presents for a follow-up visit with her physician. She has a history of cystic fibrosis and is currently under treatment. She has recently been struggling with recurrent bouts of cough and foul-smelling, mucopurulent sputum over the past year. Each episode lasts for about a week or so and then sub... | D: Pseudomonas |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 24-year-old woman presents to the clinic with chronic abdominal discomfort and cramping. She seeks medical attention now as she is concerned about the diarrhea that she has developed that is occasionally mixed with tiny streaks of blood. Her medical history is significant for lactose intolerance and asthma. She has... | D: Crohn’s disease |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:An 8-year-old boy presents with a skin lesion on his back as shown in the picture. On physical examination, there are synchronous spasmodic movements of the neck, trunk, and extremities. The physician explains that this is likely due to a genetic condition, and further testing would be necessary to confirm the diagno... | A: TSC1 |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 42-year-old man with a history of tuberculosis presents to your office complaining of fatigue for two months. Serum laboratory studies reveal the following: WBC 7,000 cells/mm^3, Hb 9.0 g/dL, Hct 25%, MCV 88 fL, Platelet 450,000 cells/mm^3, Vitamin B12 500 pg/mL (200-800), and Folic acid 17 ng/mL (2.5-20). Which of... | A: Iron studies |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 37-year-old man comes to the physician because of a 6-month history of progressive breast enlargement. Two years ago, he was diagnosed with HIV infection and started treatment with antiretroviral medications. Examination shows a soft, non-tender, ill-defined swelling at the nape of the neck. The cheeks appear hollo... | C: Indinavir |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 21-year-old woman, gravida 1, para 0, at 39 weeks' gestation comes to the physician for a prenatal visit. She has some mild edema and tiredness but generally feels well. She recently had a nephew visiting for 1 week who became ill and was diagnosed with the chickenpox. She has no history of chickenpox and is not va... | E: Varicella zoster immune globulin |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 4-year-old boy is brought to the emergency department by his parents after 10 days of fever, varying from 38.0–40.0°C (100.4–104.0°F). On physical examination, the child is ill-looking with an extensive rash over his trunk with patchy desquamation. His hands are swollen, and he also shows signs of a bilateral conju... | C: High-dose aspirin |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 45-year-old man comes to the physician for a routine health maintenance examination. He feels well. He has type 2 diabetes mellitus. There is no family history of serious illness. He works as an engineer at a local company. He does not smoke. He drinks one glass of red wine every other day. He does not use illicit ... | D: Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 49-year-old woman is admitted to the hospital for the evaluation of postprandial colicky pain in the right upper quadrant of the abdomen. Abdominal ultrasound shows multiple round, hyperechoic structures within the gallbladder lumen. She undergoes a cholecystectomy. A photograph of the content of her gallbladder is... | C: Chronic hemolytic anemia |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 42-year-old woman comes to the physician for a follow-up appointment. Two months ago, she was diagnosed with asthma after a 1-year history of a chronic cough and dyspnea with exertion. Her symptoms have improved since starting inhaled albuterol and beclomethasone, but she still coughs most nights when she is lying ... | D: Add a proton pump inhibitor |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 72-year-old man presents to his primary care physician for his annual exam. He has a very stoic personality and says that he is generally very healthy and has "the normal aches and pains of old age." On further probing, you learn that he does have pretty significant back and hip pain that worsens throughout the day... | D: Osteoarthritis |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 13-month-old girl is brought to the physician for a well-child examination. She was born at 38 weeks' gestation. There is no family history of any serious illnesses. She cannot pull herself to stand from a sitting position. She can pick an object between her thumb and index finger but cannot drink from a cup or fee... | E: Fine motor: normal | Gross motor: delayed | Language: delayed | Social skills: normal |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 38-year-old man comes to the physician because of an 8-month history of upper abdominal pain. During this period, he has also had nausea, heartburn, and multiple episodes of diarrhea with no blood or mucus. He has smoked one pack of cigarettes daily for the past 18 years. He does not use alcohol or illicit drugs. C... | B: Fasting serum gastrin level |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 23-year-old woman is brought to the emergency department by her friends because she thinks that she is having an allergic reaction. The patient is visibly distressed and insists on immediate attention as she feels like she is going to die. Her friends say they were discussing future plans while dining at a new seaf... | A: Decreased alveolar pCO2 and increased alveolar pO2 |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 2-year-old girl is brought to the emergency department by her mother because the girl has had a cough and shortness of breath for the past 2 hours. Her symptoms began shortly after she was left unattended while eating watermelon. She appears anxious and mildly distressed. Examination shows intercostal retractions a... | D: Right intermediate bronchus |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 77-year-old man with a history of hypertension and a 46 pack-year smoking history presents to the emergency department from an extended care facility with acute onset of headache, nausea, vomiting, and neck pain which started 6 hours ago and has persisted since. He is alert, but his baseline level of consciousness ... | C: Lumbar puncture |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 65-year-old man comes to the clinic complaining of abdominal pain for the past 2 months. He describes the pain as a dull, aching, 6/10 pain that is diffuse but worse in the right upper quadrant (RUQ). His past medical history is significant for diabetes controlled with metformin and a cholecystectomy 10 years ago. ... | E: Prior occupation in a chemical plastics manufacturing facility |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 61-year-old man comes to the physician because of fatigue and a 5-kg (11-lb) weight loss over the past 6 months. He experimented with intravenous drugs during his 20s and has hepatitis C. His father died of colon cancer. He has smoked one pack of cigarettes daily for 35 years. Physical examination shows scleral ict... | C: Elevated α-fetoprotein |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 70-year-old female with a history of congestive heart failure presents to the emergency room with dyspnea. She reports progressive difficulty breathing which began when she ran out of her furosemide and lisinopril prescriptions 1-2 weeks ago. She states the dyspnea is worse at night and when lying down. She denies ... | A: Basic metabolic panel |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 26-year-old woman thinks poorly of herself and is extremely sensitive to criticism. She is socially inhibited and has never had a romantic relationship, although she desires one. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?? {'A': 'Paranoid personality disorder', 'B': 'Avoidant personality disorder', 'C': '... | B: Avoidant personality disorder |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 19-year-old woman is brought to the emergency room by her mother. She found her daughter pale, cold to the touch, and collapsed next to her bed earlier this morning. The patient has no previous medical or psychiatric history, but the mother does report that her daughter has not had her periods for the last 3 months... | A: Bupropion |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 75-year-old woman presents with a sudden onset of weakness and difficulty walking. She also complains of nausea and palpitations. She was working in her garden about an hour ago when her problems started. The patient says she is feeling warm even though the emergency room is air-conditioned. Past medical history is... | D: Missed dose of venlafaxine |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 80-year-old woman is brought to the emergency department from a senior living home with a chief complaint of acute onset and severe abdominal pain with 5 episodes of bloody diarrhea. She has a history of having chronic constipation, and postprandial abdominal pain which subsides after taking nitroglycerin. The abdo... | A: Transmural infarction |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 27-year-old woman comes to the physician because of a 1-month history of progressive shortness of breath. She can no longer walk one block without stopping to catch her breath. Her last menstrual period was 3 months ago. Menarche occurred at the age of 12 years, and menses had occurred at regular 28-day intervals. ... | D: Increased intravascular volume |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 52-year-old obese man is brought to the emergency department 30 minutes after he was involved in a high-speed motor vehicle collision. He was the unrestrained driver. On arrival, he is lethargic. His pulse is 112/min, respirations are 10/min and irregular, and blood pressure is 94/60 mm Hg. Pulse oximetry on room a... | E: Cricothyrotomy " |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 21-year-old man presents to the emergency room requesting surgery to remove "microchips," which he believes were implanted in his brain by "Russian spies" 6 months ago to control his thoughts. He also reports hearing the "spies" talk to each other through embedded "microspeakers." You notice that his hair appears u... | C: Asociality, flat affect, and alogia |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 41-year-old woman is brought to the emergency department by ambulance because of a sudden onset severe headache. On presentation, the patient also says that she is not able to see well. Physical examination shows ptosis of the right eye with a dilated pupil that is deviated inferiorly and laterally. Based on the cl... | B: Corticosteroids |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 77-year-old woman, gravida 2, para 2, is brought to the physician by staff of the nursing home where she resides because of involuntary loss of urine and increased frequency of urination over the past 2 weeks. She reports that she has very little time to get to the bathroom after feeling the urge to urinate. “Accid... | C: Urinalysis and culture |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 64-year-old woman with a history of rheumatic fever presents to her primary care clinician complaining of excessive fatigue with walking and difficulty lying flat. She had no prior physical limitations, but recently has been unable to walk more than 3 blocks without needing to stop and rest. Her cardiac exam is not... | C: MItral Stenosis |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 62-year-old man comes to the physician because of progressive fatigue and dyspnea on exertion for 3 months. During this time, he has also had increased straining during defecation and a 10-kg (22-lb) weight loss. He has no personal or family history of serious medical illness. Physical examination shows conjunctiva... | E: KRAS |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 67-year-old man presents to the emergency department for a headache. The patient states his symptoms started thirty minutes ago. He states he experienced a sudden and severe headache while painting his house, causing him to fall of the ladder and hit his head. He has also experienced two episodes of vomiting and di... | A: Cerebellar hemorrhage |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 28-year-old G2P1 female is concerned that she may give birth to another child with Down syndrome. She states that she may not be able to take care of another child with this disorder. Which of the following tests can confirm the diagnosis of Down syndrome in utero?? {'A': 'Triple marker test', 'B': 'Quadruple marke... | E: Amniocentesis |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 9-year-old boy is brought to the physician by his mother to establish care after moving to a new city. He lives at home with his mother and older brother. He was having trouble in school until he was started on ethosuximide by a previous physician; he is now performing well in school. This patient is undergoing tre... | D: Frequent episodes of blank staring and eye fluttering |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 33-year-old man is brought to a psychiatric emergency room in St. Louis by policemen who report that they found him loitering at the main bus station. The patient is unable to recall why he was at the bus station, but he does have a bus ticket in his pocket from Chicago to St. Louis. When asked what his name is, he... | C: Dissociative fugue disorder |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 62-year-old female is brought to the hospital by her daughter. Six hours ago, she was at a wedding giving a speech when she suddenly experienced difficulty finding words and a right facial droop. She denies any extremity weakness, paresthesias, or sensory deficits. She has a history of hypertension and type 2 diabe... | B: Decreased serum uric acid |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 15-year-old boy is brought to the Emergency department by ambulance from school. He started the day with some body aches and joint pain but then had several episodes of vomiting and started complaining of a terrible headache. The school nurse called for emergency services. The boy was born at 39 weeks gestation via... | D: Oxidase-positive and ferments glucose and maltose |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A medical student is reading about a specific type of T cells that plays an important role in immunologic tolerance. Most of these cells develop in the thymus, but some of them also develop in peripheral lymphoid organs. Usually, they are CD4+ cells and also express CD25 molecules. The functions of these cells are de... | C: Interleukin-10 |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 3-year-old boy is brought to the emergency department with a history of unintentional ingestion of seawater while swimming in the sea. The amount of seawater ingested is not known. There is no history of vomiting. On physical examination, the boy appears confused and is asking for more water to drink. His serum sod... | E: Increased ECF volume, decreased ICF volume, increased body osmolality |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:An 87-year-old male presents to his neurologist for a follow-up visit. He is being followed for an inoperable tumor near his skull. He reports that he recently noticed that food has started to lose its taste. He also notes increasing difficulty with swallowing. He has a history of myocardial infarction, diabetes mell... | A: Parasympathetic innervation to the parotid gland |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 49-year-old woman with a history of intravenous drug use comes to the physician because of a 6-month history of fatigue, joint pain, and episodic, painful discoloration in her fingers when exposed to cold weather. She takes no medications. She has smoked one pack of cigarettes daily for the past 22 years. She appea... | A: Immune complex formation |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 38-year-old man presents to his physician for difficulty swallowing for 2 months. He describes food getting stuck down his windpipe and has been feeling very anxious around meal time because he is thinking that he may have esophageal cancer. He has had an influenza-like infection that lasted about 6 weeks in the pa... | D: Subacute granulomatous thyroiditis |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 28-year-old man comes to the emergency department for an injury sustained while doing construction. Physical examination shows a long, deep, irregular laceration on the lateral aspect of the left forearm with exposed fascia. Prior to surgical repair of the injury, a brachial plexus block is performed using a local ... | B: Inactivation of sodium channels |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 67-year-old woman comes to the emergency department because of a 4-month history of fatigue, shortness of breath with exertion, and dizziness. She has a history of atrial fibrillation and had a single-chamber pacemaker placed five years ago after an episode of syncope. Her pulse is 66/min and blood pressure is 98/6... | C: Right ventricle |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 21-year-old college student is admitted to the emergency department with complaints of pharyngitis, headache, and a persistent, non-productive, dry, hacking cough. The patient complains of feeling tired and fatigued and denies fever/chills. On physical examination, her mucosa is pale. A complete blood count is rema... | D: Red blood cells bind to IgM in cold temperatures < 37°C (98.6°F) |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A previously healthy 29-year-old Taiwanese woman comes to the emergency department with vaginal bleeding and pelvic pressure for several hours. Over the past 2 weeks, she had intermittent nausea and vomiting. A home urine pregnancy test was positive 10 weeks ago. She has had no prenatal care. Her pulse is 80/min and ... | D: Suction curettage |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 10-year-old boy from Sri Lanka suffers from an autosomal dominant condition, the hallmark of which is hyperimmunoglobulinemia E and eosinophilia. He suffers from recurrent infections and takes antibiotic chemoprophylaxis. A STAT3 mutation analysis has been performed to confirm the diagnosis of Job syndrome. Eosinop... | B: I, II, V |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 5-day-old male presents to the pediatrician for a well visit. The patient has been exclusively breastfed since birth. His mother reports that he feeds for 30 minutes every two hours. She also reports that she often feels that her breasts are not completely empty after each feeding, and she has started using a breas... | A: Continue current breastfeeding regimen |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 56-year-old woman visits her primary care provider complaining of fatigue, weight gain, increased thirst, hair loss, and headaches. She has been perimenopausal for 3 years. She was diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis 4 years ago and prescribed oral prednisolone. Currently, she takes prednisolone and omeprazole dail... | C: Upon activation of intracellular corticosteroid receptors in hepatocytes, its DNA-binding domain binds to glucocorticoid response elements and triggers transcription of gluconeogenic enzymes. |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 6-day-old newborn girl is brought into the hospital by her mother because of excessive vomiting and poor feeding. The mother did not have antenatal care. Her temperature is 36.8°C (98.2°F), blood pressure is 50/30 mm Hg, and pulse is 150/min. On examination, the infant is dehydrated and demonstrates signs of shock.... | A: Deficiency of 21-hydroxylase |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 29-year-old G1P0 female at 32 weeks gestation presents to the emergency department with vaginal bleeding. She has had minimal prenatal care to-date with only an initial visit with an obstetrician after a positive home pregnancy test. She describes minimal spotting that she noticed earlier today that has progressed ... | A: If mother is Rh-negative and father is Rh-positive then administer RhoGAM |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 29-year-old G2P1 in her 22nd week of pregnancy presents with a primary complaint of peripheral edema. Her first pregnancy was without any major complications. Evaluation reveals a blood pressure of 160/90 and urinalysis demonstrates elevated levels of protein; both of these values were within normal limits at the p... | B: Seizures |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 12-year-old boy is brought to the physician for a well-child examination. He feels well. He has no history of serious illness. He has received all age-appropriate screenings and immunizations. His 7-year-old brother was treated for nephrotic syndrome 1 year ago. He is at 50th percentile for height and 60th percenti... | A: Repeat urine dipstick in 1 year |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 6-year-old child presents for evaluation of a medical condition associated with recurrent infections. After reviewing all of the medical history, gene therapy is offered to treat a deficiency in adenosine deaminase (ADA). ADA deficiency is the most common autosomal recessive mutation in which of the following disea... | B: Severe Combined Immunodeficiency |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 44-year-old man seeks evaluation at a clinic because he is experiencing a problem with his sexual health for the past month. He says he does not get erections like he used to, despite feeling the urge. In addition to heart failure, he has angina and hypertension. His regular oral medications include amlodipine, ato... | D: Spironolactone |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A previously healthy 2-year-old girl is brought to the physician because of a 1-week history of yellow discoloration of her skin, loss of appetite, and 3 episodes of vomiting. Her parents also report darkening of her urine and light stools. During the last 2 days, the girl has been scratching her abdomen and arms and... | A: Biliary cyst |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A previously healthy 26-year-old woman comes to the physician because of a 2-day history of pain with urination. She has been sexually active with two partners over the past year. She uses condoms for contraception. Vital signs are within normal limits. Physical examination shows suprapubic tenderness. Urinalysis sho... | B: Fimbriae |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 50-year-old man presents to the urgent care clinic for 3 hours of worsening cough, shortness of breath, and dyspnea. He works as a long-haul truck driver, and he informs you that he recently returned to the west coast from a trip to Arkansas. His medical history is significant for gout, hypertension, hypercholester... | D: Chest radiographs |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 54-year-old man comes to the physician for the evaluation of difficulty swallowing of both solids and liquids for 1 month. During the past 5 months, he has also had increased weakness of his hands and legs. He sails regularly and is unable to hold the ropes as tightly as before. Ten years ago, he was involved in a ... | B: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A study is performed to determine whether cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) increases compliance to dietary regimens. In order to test this hypothesis, a random group of volunteers who want to lose weight are selected from the community and subsequently randomized to no intervention and CBT groups. They are asked to... | B: Hawthorne effect |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 22-year-old woman presents to the emergency department because of agitation and sweating. History shows she is currently being treated for depression with citalopram. She also takes tramadol for back pain. Her temperature is 38.6°C (97.9°F), the pulse is 108/min, the respirations are 18/min, and the blood pressure ... | D: Discontinue tramadol and citalopram |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 54-year-old female presents to her primary care physician with complaints of fatigue, constipation, and what the patient describes as "aching in her bones." Her medical history is significant for hypertension, well-controlled on lisinopril, and two prior kidney stones that both passed spontaneously without need for... | C: Subperiosteal cortical thinning |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 55-year-old woman presents with acute onset abdominal pain radiating to her back, nausea, and vomiting. CT scan suggests a diagnosis of acute pancreatitis. The pathogenesis of acute pancreatitis relates to inappropriate activation of trypsinogen to trypsin. Which of the following activates trypsin in normal digesti... | D: Enterokinase |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A mutant stem cell was created by using an inducible RNAi system, such that when doxycycline is added, the siRNA targeting DNA helicase is expressed, effectively knocking down the gene for DNA helicase. Which of the following will occur during DNA replication?? {'A': 'DNA is not unwound', 'B': 'DNA supercoiling is no... | A: DNA is not unwound |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 52-year-old man is on a week-long cruise vacation with his family to celebrate his mother's 80th birthday. He has a very important presentation at work to give in one month, which will in part determine whether he receives a promotion. He decides to focus on enjoying the vacation and not to worry about the presenta... | E: Suppression " |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 16-year-old boy comes to the physician because of painless enlargement of his left testis for the past 2 weeks. The patient reports that the enlargement is worse in the evenings, especially after playing soccer. He has not had any trauma to the testes. There is no personal or family history of serious illness. Vita... | D: Infertility |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:Two months after giving birth to a boy, a 27-year-old woman comes to the physician with her infant for a well-child examination. She was not seen by a physician during her pregnancy. Physical examination of the mother and the boy shows no abnormalities. Laboratory studies show elevated titers of hepatitis B surface a... | E: Significant elevation of transaminases is not expected |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:An experiment to determine the effects of gravity on blood pressure is conducted on 3 individuals of equal height and blood pressure oriented in different positions in space. Participant A is strapped in a supine position on a bed turned upside down in a vertical orientation with his head towards the floor and his fe... | D: Participant A: at the level of the feet |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A new study is investigating the effects of an experimental drug, Exerzisin, on the duration and intensity of exercise. In the treatment group participants are given daily Exerzisin at the main treatment facility and instructed to exercise as much as they would like on the facility's exercise equipment. Due to an ins... | B: Hawthorne effect |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 13-year-old Hispanic boy is brought to the physician by his mother because of left groin pain for 1 month. The pain radiates to his left knee and is aggravated on walking. He fell during soccer practice 5 weeks ago but did not see a doctor about it and does not recall any immediate and persistent pain after the eve... | B: Slipped capital femoral epiphysis |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 38-year-old woman presents with generalized weakness and dizziness for the past 3 weeks. Past medical history is significant for systemic lupus erythematosus diagnosed 15 years ago, for which she takes hydroxychloroquine and methotrexate. No significant family history. Her vital signs include: temperature 37.1°C (9... | C: IgG-mediated hemolysis |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 46-year-old man presents after he accidentally got splashed with a liquid insecticide that was stored in a bucket in the storeroom one hour ago. He says that he can’t stop coughing and is having problems breathing. He also says he has a pain in his thighs which is unbearable, and his vision is blurry. His temperatu... | A: Bronchospasm |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A female infant is born with a mutation in PKD1 on chromosome 16. An abdominal ultrasound performed shortly after birth would most likely reveal which of the following?? {'A': 'Bilateral kidney enlargement', 'B': 'Microscopic cysts', 'C': 'Horseshoe kidney', 'D': 'Adrenal atrophy', 'E': 'Normal kidneys'}, | E: Normal kidneys |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 28-year-old man is admitted to the hospital for the evaluation of symmetric, ascending weakness that started in his feet and has become progressively worse over the past 5 days. A lumbar puncture is performed to confirm the diagnosis. As the needle is advanced during the procedure, there is resistance just before e... | A: Ligamentum flavum |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 32-year-old woman comes to the emergency department because of a 5-day history of anxiety, irritability, insomnia, and abdominal pain that began after a weekend of partying. She also reports “bloody” urine as well as a tingling sensation in her hands and feet. She has never experienced similar symptoms. She does no... | E: Porphobilinogen deaminase |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 26-year-old immigrant from Mexico presents to your clinic for a physical. He tells you that several weeks ago, he noticed a lesion on his penis which went away after several weeks. It was nontender and did not bother him. He currently does not have any complaints. His temperature is 97.9°F (36.6°C), blood pressure ... | E: Penicillin |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 10-year-old male presents with his mother with multiple complaints. A few weeks ago, he had a sore throat for several days that improved without specific therapy. Additionally, over the past several days he has experienced pain in his ankles and wrists and, more recently, his left knee. His mother also noted severa... | D: Interstitial myocardial granulomas containing plump macrophages with nuclei incorporating central wavy ribbons of chromatin |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 75-year-old man is brought to the emergency department by his son. He is suffering from left-sided weakness. The symptoms started 2 hours ago with sudden left-sided weakness. The patient is a known hypertensive, who is inconsistently compliant with his 2 antihypertensive medications and a heavy smoker, with a 40 pa... | E: Positive Babinski sign |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 32-year-old woman, gravida 2, para 2, comes to the physician for the evaluation of a palpable mass in her right breast that she first noticed 1 week ago. She has no associated pain. She has never had a mammogram previously. She has type II diabetes mellitus treated with metformin. She has no family history of breas... | B: Mammography |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 70-year-old female presents to you for an office visit with complaints of forgetfulness. The patient states that over the last several years, the patient has stopped cooking for herself even though she lives alone. Recently, she also forgot how to drive back home from the grocery store and has difficulty paying her... | D: Rivastigmine |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 62-year-old man presents to the emergency department with hematuria and hemoptysis that started in the morning. He notes that he has had frequent lung infections throughout his adult life, the most recent being 2 weeks ago. He also mentions that he has had hematuria twice before but never as severe as he is having ... | E: Granulomatosis with polyangiitis |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 57-year-old man presents to the ED complaining of back and left leg pain. He was lifting heavy furniture while helping his daughter move into college when all of sudden he felt a sharp pain at his back. The pain is described as severe, worse with movement, and shoots down his lateral thigh. The patient denies any b... | A: Disc herniation at the L3/L4 vertebra |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 20-year-old man presents to his primary care provider with a history of recurrent cough, wheezing, and breathlessness since early childhood. He previously diagnosed with allergic rhinitis and bronchial asthma. For his allergic rhinitis, he uses intranasal fluticasone. For his asthma, he uses an albuterol inhaler as... | E: Mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase phosphatase-1 expression is upregulated by inhaled corticosteroids. |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 24-year-old woman comes to the physician for a routine pelvic examination. She feels well. Menses occur at 30-day intervals and last 7 days. Her last menstrual period was 6 days ago. She has no history of abnormal Pap smears; her last Pap smear was 13 months ago. She is sexually active with three male partners and ... | A: HPV vaccination |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:Two weeks after being hospitalized for acute pancreatitis, a 36-year-old man comes to the physician for a follow-up examination. Multiple family members have coronary artery disease. Physical examination shows multiple, yellow papular lesions on both upper eyelids. Fasting serum lipid studies show: Total cholesterol ... | D: Upregulation of lipoprotein lipase |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 57-year-old man with type 2 diabetes mellitus comes to the physician for a follow-up evaluation. He was recently diagnosed with hyperlipidemia, for which he takes several medications. His serum total cholesterol concentration is 295 mg/dL and serum high-density lipoprotein concentration is 19 mg/dL (N: > 40 mg/dL).... | A: Take aspirin shortly before taking the new drug to reduce pruritus |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 69-year-old smoker presents to physician after noticing that his face seems to be more swollen than usual. Upon further questioning, he reports increasing shortness of breath and cough over the past 6 months. On exam, his physician notices venous distention in his neck and distended veins in the upper chest and arm... | E: Cardinal veins |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 57-year-old man comes to the emergency department for the evaluation of worsening fatigue, urinary frequency, and constipation over the past 5 days. He was recently diagnosed with metastatic bladder cancer and is currently awaiting treatment. He has smoked 1 pack of cigarettes daily for 35 years. Physical examinati... | E: ↑ ↓ ↓ ↓ |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 2-year-old boy had increased bleeding during a circumcision. His birth and delivery were uncomplicated, and his mother had no issues with prolonged bleeding during labor. Of note, his maternal grandfather has a history of bleeding complications. The boy's vital signs are stable and physical examination is notable f... | D: Hemophilia A |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 52-year-old woman is brought to the emergency department for a severe, sudden-onset headache, light-sensitivity, and neck stiffness that began 30 minutes ago. A CT scan of the head shows hyperdensity between the arachnoid mater and the pia mater. The patient undergoes an endovascular procedure. One week later, she ... | B: Nimodipine |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:An experimental compound added to a protein disrupts both alpha helices as well as beta-pleated sheets. Which of the following has the experimental compound affected?? {'A': 'The primary structure of the protein', 'B': 'Hydrogen bonds between amino acids', 'C': 'Covalent peptide bonds between amino acids', 'D': 'Ioni... | B: Hydrogen bonds between amino acids |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 28-year-old woman and her husband are admitted to the office due to difficulties conceiving a child for the past year. Her menarche was at the age of 15 years, and her periods have been regular since then. Her medical history is positive for an abortion with curettage 5 years ago. A spermogram on the partner is per... | A: Type 1 collagen |
Answer the following medical question with one of the provided options: | Q:A 36-year-old woman is brought to the emergency room by her husband for “weird behavior" for the past several weeks. He reports that her right arm has been moving uncontrollably in a writhing movement and that she has been especially irritable. She has a history of depression, which was diagnosed 4 years ago and is c... | A: CAG triplet expansion on chromosome 4 |
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