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1,314,259,996,163 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
To adapt to the distributed generation and increasing penetration
of volatile renewable energies and to improve the overall efficiency
of the power industry, the power systems have undergone a substantial
change from centrally controlled, vertically integrated organizations
to decentrally ... |
1,314,259,996,164 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The Asymptotic Giant Branch (AGB) is formed by stars with initial masses in the
range between 0.8 and 8 M$_{\odot}$ in a late stage of their evolution. During
most of the time H burning is the main source of energy for the AGB star but,
occasionally, the inner He shell ignites in a ``thermal puls... |
1,314,259,996,165 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In quantum mechanics the time-dependent Schr\"{o}dinger equation is a second order linear partial differential equation
\begin{eqnarray}
i\hbar \frac{\partial}{\partial t}\Psi(x,t) = -\frac{\hbar^2}{2M}\nabla^2 \Psi(x,t) + U(x)\Psi(x,t), \label{SchrodingerEq}
\end{eqnarray}
\noindent where the si... |
1,314,259,996,166 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Mali has a literacy rate of 35\%, fifth-to-last in the world, which coincidentally is also its human development index ranking \citep{con2019hdr}. A survey by \cite{bleck2015education} revealed a strong correlation between use of French and the knowledge needed for informed citizenship and pol... |
1,314,259,996,167 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Within the post-Moore era ahead, several design factors and fabrication constraints increasingly emphasize the requirements for in-circuit adaptation to as-built variations. These include device scaling trends towards further reductions in feature sizes~\cite{Nikonov2015}, the narrow operational... |
1,314,259,996,168 | arxiv | \section{Summary}
Seismic inversion helps geophysicists build accurate reservoir models for exploration and production purposes. Deep learning-based seismic inversion works by training a neural network to learn a mapping from seismic data to rock properties using well log data as the labels. However, well logs are ofte... |
1,314,259,996,169 | arxiv | \cleardoublepage\oldsection{\cleardoublepage\oldsection}
\title[Equivalence of Collet--Eckmann conditions]{Equivalence of Collet--Eckmann conditions for slowly recurrent rational maps}
\author{Mats Bylund}
\address{Centre for Mathematical Sciences, Lund University, Box 118, 221 00 Lund, Sweden}
\email{mats.bylund@mat... |
1,314,259,996,170 | arxiv | \section*{Acknowledgements}
The authors acknowledge the financial support of this work by the Department of Science and Technology of the Government of India under the Project Code SR/S2/CMP-71/2012. We also would like to thank Paul-Drude-Institute, Berlin, Germany for the samples and Prof. S. Ghosh of TIFR, Mumbai fo... |
1,314,259,996,171 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In the context of extensions to General Relativity, Horndeski's theories~\cite{1974IJTP...10..363H} stand
out since they constitute the most general four-dimensional, diffeomorphism
covariant theories leading to second order equations of motion~\cite{1974IJTP...10..363H,Woodard:2006nt,Deffayet:20... |
1,314,259,996,172 | arxiv |
\section{Conclusion}
\label{sec:conclusion}
Motivated by the development of communicative DSRs, we developed a method for generating natural fetching instructions. The proposed method (Multi-ABN) is a multimodal attention branch network that generates natural sentences including referring expressions. We summarize th... |
1,314,259,996,173 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Evanescent light offers a very effective means of atom manipulation because
of the
strong induced dipole interaction between atoms and evanescent field when
the field is far from resonance.
Blue-detuned evanescent light, that is light tuned above the atomic
resonance, can be used to guide atoms ... |
1,314,259,996,174 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sect:intro}
Let $Z$ be a variety over a finite field. The triangulated category of
$\ell$-adic sheaves on $X$ has a full subcategory $\dbmc Z$ of ``mixed
sheaves,'' defined in terms of eigenvalues of the Frobenius morphism. The
existence and good formal properties of this category are a... |
1,314,259,996,175 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Magneto-inertial fusion (MIF) is one of the main approaches in inertial-confinement fusion (ICF). Traditional ICF approaches based on laser-driven implosions require high implosion velocities to achieve plasma conditions at stagnation that can produce significant fusion yields in the laborator... |
1,314,259,996,176 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Clustering algorithms are a popular choice when tackling problems requiring exploratory data analysis. In this scenario, analysts can draw conclusions about data at hand without having information regarding the class membership of the given entities. Clustering algorithms aim at partitioning a gi... |
1,314,259,996,177 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In a series of papers \cite{vitt56, vitt57, vitt62, vitt65} William Leavitt studied algebras that are now denoted by $L_K(n,n+k)$ and have been coined Leavitt algebras. Let $X=(x_{ij})$ and $Y=(y_{ji})$ be $(n+k)\times n$ and $n\times (n+k)$ matrices consisting of symbols $x_{ij}$ and $y_{ji}$, r... |
1,314,259,996,178 | arxiv | \section*{I. Introduction}
\hspace{5mm}It is well known that the individual lepton numbers
$L_{e}, L_{\mu}$, and $L_{\tau}$ are automatically conserved and the
tree level lepton flavor violating $(LFV)$ processes are absent in
the standard model $(SM)$. However, the neutrino oscillation
experiments have made one belie... |
1,314,259,996,179 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{section1}
\IEEEPARstart{M}{otion} planning refers to the problem of finding a collision-free and dynamically-feasible path between the pre-specified starting configuration and the goal configuration in obstacle-cluttered environments \cite{ref1}, \cite{ref2}. Since it is often hard to achi... |
1,314,259,996,180 | arxiv | \section{Introduction} \label{sec-intro}
As we all know, in sentiment analysis (SA) task~\cite{chen2019transfer,johnson2015effective,zhang2018deep}, its overall sentiment always depends to a large extent on a few key elements of the inputs.
For example. Given a short movie review ``\textit{deflated ending aside, there'... |
1,314,259,996,181 | arxiv | \section*{ 1.\ Introduction}
In the present paper, we consider the large time behavior of the
Cauchy problem for a model system of radiating gas, taking the form
of
$$
\left\{\begin{array}{l} u_{t}+\sum\limits_{j=1}^nf_j(u)_{x_j}+{\rm div}q=0,\ \ \ \ x\in \mathbb{R}^n,\ t>0,\\[3mm]
-\nabla{\rm div}q+q+\nabla ... |
1,314,259,996,182 | arxiv | \section{INTRODUCTION}\label{sec:intro}
Pulsars in binary systems with neutron star companions provide the
best available laboratories for testing theories of gravity. To date,
two such systems have been used for such tests: PSR~B1913+16
\citep{tw82, tw89}, and PSR~B1534+12 \citep{sac+98, sttw02}. Both are
consisten... |
1,314,259,996,183 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Network-based technologies have permeated every aspect of our daily lives. However, the great benefits of network-based technologies come at a cost of increased vulnerability to malicious attacks. The consequences of a malicious attack on a network have become as devastating as ever. A well exec... |
1,314,259,996,184 | arxiv | \section{\textbf{Introduction}}
The aim of this paper is to give a comprehensive description,
from both measure-theoretic and topological viewpoints, of the dynamics of skew product systems
that have either monotone interval maps.
A skew product system is a dynamical system $(\Theta \times \mathbb{X} , F )$ of the form... |
1,314,259,996,185 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Mathematical billiards serve as relevant models of various phenomena in mechanics, geometric optics and acoustics, statistical physics, and quantum physics. Such billiards also constitute one of the most popular and arguably the most visual class of dynamical systems in the mathematical studies. ... |
1,314,259,996,186 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
There is currently a great interest on new measures of quantum correlations for
mixed states, different from the entanglement measures \cite{BDSW.96}. Quantum
entanglement is essential for quantum teleportation \cite{Be.93,NC.00} and also
for pure state quantum computation, where its increas... |
1,314,259,996,187 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Solar flares are the result of sudden energy release, often exceeding $10^{32}$ ergs, from magnetic reconnection \citep{Hudson2011}. The main manifestation of flares is extensive emission over much of the electromagnetic spectrum. Intriguingly, under some special circumstances, negative flare co... |
1,314,259,996,188 | arxiv | \section{I Introduction}
The World Wide Web (WWW) continues its striking
expansion going beyond $10^{11}$ web pages. Information retrieval
from such an enormous database becomes the main challenge
for WWW users. An efficient solution, known as the PageRank Algorithm (PRA)
proposed by Brin and Page in 1998 \cite{brin... |
1,314,259,996,189 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{S:introduction}
A \emph{heap} (or \emph{priority queue}) is a data structure containing a set of items, each with an associated key selected from a totally ordered key space. Heaps support the following operations:
\begin{itemize}
\item[] $\mbox{\it make-heap}()$: Create and return a ne... |
1,314,259,996,190 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In the standard model, the number of fermion generations appears
as an arbitrary parameter, meaning that a mathematically consistent
theory can be built up using any number of fermion generations. The
same is true for many extensions of the standard model, including
grand unification models base... |
1,314,259,996,191 | arxiv | \section{INTRODUCTION}
\label{sec:intro}
User authentication utilizing Electroencephalography (EEG) modality is feasible provided it possesses the following biometric characteristics, namely, universality, uniqueness, permanence, and collectibility~\cite{Nakamura2017_ear}.
In contrast to other established physiologi... |
1,314,259,996,192 | arxiv | \section{The Context}
ESA's Herschel \emph{Space Laboratory} \citep{2010A&A...518L...1P} has given
us an unprecedented view of the far-infrared sky. To take most advantage of
its data, one must nevertheless beat the confusion due to the large beam size
of it instruments, as illustrated in figure~\ref{fig:P8-21... |
1,314,259,996,193 | arxiv | \section{Omitted proofs from \secref{worsthit}}
To prove the results in \secref{worsthit} we will need the following technical lemma:
\begin{lemma}
\label{lem:ballsize}
Let $G$ be a graph with $n$ vertices and minimum degree $\delta$. Then for any integer $1 \le x \le n$, the number of vertices reachable in $x$ hops fr... |
1,314,259,996,194 | arxiv | \section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro}
Protoplanetary disks surrounding young stars are the birthplace of planets.
Forming planets are thought to interact with the parent protoplanetary disk and cause various substructures, such as an inner hole, gaps and rings, and large-scale asymmetries.
High-resolution observati... |
1,314,259,996,195 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Let $K$ be a number field such that $[K:\mathbb{Q}]=d$ and let $E/K$ be an elliptic curve. A celebrated theorem of Mordell and Weil shows that $E(K)$ is a finitely generated abelian group. Therefore this group can be decomposed as $E(K)=E(K)_{tors} \oplus \mathbb{Z}^{r}$, $r \ge 0$. It is known ... |
1,314,259,996,196 | arxiv | \section{\label{}}
\section{Introduction}
The study of flavor-changing neutral current (FCNC) decays has been a fruitful
avenue of research throughout the history of particle physics. Today
rare $B$-meson decays based on the process $b \to s \ell^+ \ell^-$ (where $\ell = e$ or $\mu$)
provide one of the most promi... |
1,314,259,996,197 | arxiv |
\section{Collisions and collapses}\label{s-collisions}
The aim of this section is to describe the drastic changes of behaviour appearing in the topological dynamics when a family $X_\mu$ crosses the boundary of the regions we described in Section~\ref{s.cartografia}.
\subsection{Collisions}\label{ss.colisao}
Let... |
1,314,259,996,198 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\subsection{Background}
Multiview learning has been an important in machine learning community \cite{Wu2012661,Sun20132031,Yu20142431,Lu2015,Zha2015,FakeriTabrizi2015117,Liu20151233,liu2015supervised,sindhwani2008rkhs,wang2015regularized}. In traditional machine learning problems, we usuall... |
1,314,259,996,199 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The determination and knowledge of basic physical parameters of stellar and sub-stellar sources provides the basis for astrophysics.
Observations allow us to determine distance \citep[using parallaxes;][]{dl12,fah12}, age \citep[through membership in clusters or moving groups;][]{per98},
mass \c... |
1,314,259,996,200 | arxiv | \section{Introduction\label{sec:Introduction}}
Si metal-oxide-semiconductor field effect transistors (Si MOSFETs)
support a highly conductive two dimensional electron gas (2DEG) system
where coupling to a metallic gate allows tuning of electron density
in the 2DEG over a wide range. Decreasing density can drive the 2D... |
1,314,259,996,201 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
This paper aims to address two principle questions in the degree diameter
problem (a survey of which can be found in \cite{degree-diameter-survey}). The
first question, posed in \cite{when-cayley}, concerns when the G\'omez graphs
are Cayley. To this question we provide a solution in the extrema... |
1,314,259,996,202 | arxiv |
\section{Other Metrics}
\label{app:other_metrics}
In this section we define other metrics of interest. In particular, we consider
an adversarial setting (e.g., in the case of bio-warfare) where if our observers are known, the adversary would select the worst location for the source.
First, we consider minimum success... |
1,314,259,996,203 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
\def\arabic{section}.\arabic{equation}{\arabic{section}.\arabic{equation}}
\setcounter{equation}{0}
During the last few years a series of theoretical works that combine the Chiral Perturbation Theory (CHPT)
expansion \cite{wein,gl} with unitarity in a consistent way \cite{npa,n... |
1,314,259,996,204 | arxiv |
\section{The ALICE Collaboration}
\begingroup
\small
\begin{flushleft}
J.~Adam\Irefn{org40}\And
D.~Adamov\'{a}\Irefn{org86}\And
M.M.~Aggarwal\Irefn{org90}\And
G.~Aglieri Rinella\Irefn{org36}\And
M.~Agnello\Irefn{org32}\textsuperscript{,}\Irefn{org112}\And
N.~Agrawal\Irefn{org49}\And
Z.~Ahammed\Irefn{org135}\And
S.~Ah... |
1,314,259,996,205 | arxiv |
\section{Motivation and relation to previous work}
The framework of \emph{Sesqui-Pushout (SqPO) rewriting} has been introduced relatively recently in~\cite{Corradini_2006} as a novel alternative to the pre-existing algebraic graph transformation frameworks known as \emph{Double-Pushout (DPO)}~\cite{Ehrig1973,Ehrig19... |
1,314,259,996,206 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sub:intro}
The recent advances in information and communication technology (ICT) have promoted the evolution of conventional computer-aided industry to \emph{smart industry} featured with data-driven decision making \cite{Lade:IEEEIS2018}. During this paradigm shift, Internet of Things (I... |
1,314,259,996,207 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The construction of confidence sets is one of the fundamental problems of statistical inference, along with parameter estimation and hypothesis testing. Consider a model $\{P_f: f\in\mathcal{F}\}$, indexed by a family of functions $\mathcal{F}$, and observe (some quantity $n$ of) data from the t... |
1,314,259,996,208 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sec:Intro}
Digital twins are a major trend in the field of digitalization \cite{grieves2017digital,tao2018digital,jones2020characterising,hartmann2021digital}. They extend Model-Based Systems Engineering (MBSE) concepts along the complete life cycle providing novel means for enhanced dec... |
1,314,259,996,209 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sec:1_intro}
\input{sections/FM_1_introduction}
\section{Heteroskedastic finite mixture panel normal regression model}\label{sec:2_model}
\input{sections/FM_2_finite_mixture}
\section{Likelihood ratio test for $H_0:M = 1$ against $H_A:M=2$}\label{sec:3_test_1}
\input{sections/F... |
1,314,259,996,210 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\begin{figure}
\centering
\includegraphics[width=\columnwidth]{fig1.eps}
\caption{BKT temperature computed for the square lattice (gray) and for the Lieb lattice with a
half-filled flat band (blue, green and yellow) with different values of the
hopping staggering (see Fig.~\ref{fi... |
1,314,259,996,211 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{introduction}
Single transverse-spin asymmetries (SSAs)
in both high energy lepton-hadron and
hadronic scattering processes have attracted considerable attention
from both experimental and theoretical communities
over the years \cite{D'Alesio:2007jt}. Generally, defined as
$A_N\equiv ... |
1,314,259,996,212 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{Introduction}
Weak lensing surveys are expected to make significant contribution in
constraining cosmology by studying the statistics of dark matter distribution
in the nearby universe in an unbiased way. For instance, Contaldi et al.(2003)
used the Red Cluster Sequence (RCS) to show ... |
1,314,259,996,213 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
Within the area of matching-based market design, the most prominent solution that uses cardinal utilities\footnote{For a brief comparison of cardinal and ordinal utilities for matching markets, see Section \ref{sec.related}.} is the Hylland-Zeckhauser (HZ) mechanism \cite{hyll... |
1,314,259,996,214 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}
Dependency measures $\mathcal{D}(X,Y)$ are employed in data mining to assess the strength of the dependency between two continuous or categorical variables $X$ and $Y$. If the variables are continuous, we can use Pearson's correlation to detect linear dependencies, or use more sophisticated mea... |
1,314,259,996,215 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{intro}
For a set of integers $A$ we denote by $A-A$ the set of all differences $a-a'$ with $a$ and $a'$ in $A$,
and if $A$ is a finite set we denote its cardinality by $|A|$.
S\'{a}rk\"{o}zy \cite{Sarkozy1} proved, by the Hardy-Littlewood method,
that if $A$ is a subset of $\{1, \ldots, ... |
1,314,259,996,216 | arxiv | \section{$\bm{P(s)}$ distribution\label{A5}}
A valuable clue as to the role of the `hard' scale $s \sim T^2$, appearing in
Eq.~\eq{m1}, is provided by the thermal weight $P[\chi]$, emerging from \eq{baym},
whose properties we now explore.
Firstly, the condition for normalisation, i.\,e.\ $\int d s P(s) = 2b$,
is con... |
1,314,259,996,217 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Technicolor \cite{Weinberg:1979bn,Susskind:1978ms} remains as one of the compelling alternatives to electroweak symmetry breaking extending the simple Higgs sector of the Standard Model (SM). Earliest models based on scaled up QCD run into trouble with precision data \cite{Peskin:1990zt}. Recent... |
1,314,259,996,218 | arxiv | \section{\label{}}
\section{INTRODUCTION}
Many precise results from several years of successful $B$--factories' running disfavor significant ($\gessim 10\%$) contributions from ``New Physics'' (NP) in tree-dominated \bgmeson\ decays. Agreement with the Standard Model (SM) is also found in higher-order processes such ... |
1,314,259,996,219 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Solutions of {\it certain} linear elliptic boundary value problems
can be expanded in complete sets of eigenfunctions. Unfortunately,
the actual form of these eigenfunctions is known for only simple
geometries. In fact, only geometries that allow separation of
variables yield well known expressi... |
1,314,259,996,220 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The 5th generation of wireless communication standards demand more stringent deadlines with higher throughput demands compared to their 4th generation counterparts. Extensive work in the literature has emerged to satisfy these requirements. Offloading the data from the base station (BS) to cellul... |
1,314,259,996,221 | arxiv |
\section*{Declarations}
\label{sec:dec}
\noindent \textbf{Conflict of Interest}\\
The authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose in relation to this article.\\
\noindent \textbf{Funding/Support Statement}\\
Funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) – Project Number 327... |
1,314,259,996,222 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The convolution operators with non-singular kernels have drawn, in recent
years, a wide interest, from both the theoretical and the applied points of
view: see, for example, \cite{LOS}, \cite{ATAN}, \cite{YAN}, \cite{ZHE},
\cite{ARS} and the references therein.
Let $f:\mathbb{R}^{+}\righ... |
1,314,259,996,223 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}\label{sec:intro}
\IEEEPARstart{W}{e} consider a network of \( N \) agents. Each agent \( k \) is equipped with a local, stochastic cost of the form \( J_k(w) = \E_x Q_k(w; \x_k) \), where \( w \in \mathds{R}^M \) denotes a parameter vector and \( \x_k \) denotes random data. In Part I~\cite{Vla... |
1,314,259,996,224 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
The discovery of neutrino mass is one of the first clear cases of
physics beyond the Standard Model. Neutrino oscillation is now firmly
established as the leading mechanism for flavor changes in
neutrinos~\cite{solar,kl,atm,chooz,k2k,minos,limits}. This has
triggered substantial... |
1,314,259,996,225 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Question Answering (QA) is an important task to evaluate the reading comprehension capacity of an intelligent system and can be directly applied to real applications such as search engines~\citep{kwiatkowski-etal-2019-natural} and dialogue systems~\citep{reddy-etal-2019-coqa,choi-etal-2018-quac}... |
1,314,259,996,226 | arxiv | \section{}
\section{Introduction}
{The analysis of the phases of strong interactions presents
many fascinating aspects --
mechanisms of confinement,
different realisations of the chiral symmetry,
the nature of the symmetric phase,
the emergence of conformality, and many others.
All these topics are under... |
1,314,259,996,227 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In the general framework of machine learning, the learning procedure can be viewed as a system (referred to as \emph{agent} in this paper) that runs an algorithm on a given dataset in order to return a hypothesis for predicting the unseen data. Typically, these algorithms require a large amount o... |
1,314,259,996,228 | arxiv |
\section{}
\section{Introduction}\label{sec:Intro}
Since the early work of Sandstr{\"o}m \cite{Sandstrom08} on marine glacial discharges in Norwegian Fjords and his pioneering work on ocean circulation through fresh/cold and salty/warm water differential inputs, attempts to lin... |
1,314,259,996,229 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
While the basis sets describing atoms and molecules have been
extensively studied and optimized~\cite{Jensen,Szabo}, significant
opportunities exist for the improvement of molecule-optimized basis
sets and Hamiltonians for the acceleration of electronic structure
computations, especially i... |
1,314,259,996,230 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}
Lagrangian particle methods approximate the solution of flow equations using a cloud of
points which move with the flow. Examples are vortex methods \cite{seibold::Chorin1973},
smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) \cite{seibold::Lucy1977,seibold::GingoldMonaghan1977},
or generalized SPH methods... |
1,314,259,996,231 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has witnessed multi-fold increase in face mask use for protection against viral infection, with many countries now mandating face masks in public areas \cite{CDCFMask}. This sudden demand surge has created a scarcity of face masks, necessitating homemade cloth mask f... |
1,314,259,996,232 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
With the sheer volume of online information, much attention has been given to data-driven recommender systems. Those systems automatically guide users to discover products or services respecting their personal interests from a large pool of possible options.
Numerous recommendation techniques h... |
1,314,259,996,233 | arxiv | \section{Rasbha Spin-Orbit Interaction}
The Rashba spin-orbit interaction has been shown \cite{Schapers1998,Lange.1996} to consist of two parts: an electric field contribution and a valence band offset contribution. The electric field component can be understood as an average of the electric field by the effective mas... |
1,314,259,996,234 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Event correlation reasoning is critical for AI systems since it benefits many downstream tasks. Figure~\ref{fig:intro_case} lists several examples of event-related reasoning tasks. Figure~\ref{fig:intro_case}(left) is an example of abductive reasoning, which aims to infer the most plausible expla... |
1,314,259,996,235 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The chiral quark model (CQM) \cite{1,2,Polosa:2000ym}
gives a good phenomenogical description of chiral symmetry breaking
and reasonable values for the Gasser Leutwyler cofficients, but does
not describe meson states with masses $\sim 1 $ GeV
and does not provide a model for chiral symmetry ... |
1,314,259,996,236 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}
\input{introduction}
\subsection{Model and Definitions}
\label{sec:definition}
\input{definitions}
\subsection{Our Results}
\input{results}
\subsection{Related Work}
\label{sec:related}
\input{related_work}
\section{A Robust Algorithm for Online Packing LPs}
\label{sec:algo}
\input{lp_... |
1,314,259,996,237 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Image states, arising from the polarization-induced interaction between an electron and a surface, offer the possibility
for electron trapping at a surface. Since their original prediction\cite{CC69} for the surface of liquid and solid He,
they have been extensively studied for metallic surfac... |
1,314,259,996,238 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Clustering techniques are common in multivariate data analysis, data mining, machine learning, and so on.
The goal of the clustering or partitioning problem is to find groups such that entities within the same group are similar and different groups are dissimilar.
In the graph-partitioning proble... |
1,314,259,996,239 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Steering the collective behaviour of a network of dynamical agents towards a desired common target state is a fundamental problem in network control \cite{CHEN2013,Cornelius2013,LiuS2011}. A paradigmatic example is the problem of achieving consensus, where the goal is for all agent states in the... |
1,314,259,996,240 | arxiv |
\subsection{Algorithm to Generate Noise with Staircase Distribution}
\begin{algorithm}
\caption{Generation of Random Variable with Staircase Distribution}
\label{algo:staircase_mech}
\begin{algorithmic}
\State \textbf{Input: } $\e$, $\D$, and $\gamma \in [0,1]$.
\State \textbf{Output: } $\noise$, a random varia... |
1,314,259,996,241 | arxiv | \section*{Introduction.}
Mirror symmetry got its start in 1989 with work of Greene and Plesser
\cite{GrPl} and Candelas, Lynker and Schimmrigk \cite{CLS}. These
two works first observed the existence of pairs of Calabi-Yau
manifolds exhibiting an exchange of Hodge numbers. Recall that by Yau's
proof of the Calabi conj... |
1,314,259,996,242 | arxiv | \section{introduction}
One of the key features of relativistic (massless) free
particle states is that they evolve, at least in effectively one-dimensional
situations, in time without spreading.
This in turn relies on the linear nature of the relativistic dispersion
relation which for photons reads $\omega(k)=ck... |
1,314,259,996,243 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
This paper is concerned with the combinatorial structure of the polytopes of probability models which are widely studied in quantum information and foundations.
Much current study focusses on the \emph{no-signalling polytope} \cite{popescu2014nonlocality,pironio2011extremal}, comprising those pr... |
1,314,259,996,244 | arxiv | \section{Transformations and dynamics}
One of the biggest and most fundamental questions in relativity
theory is what does it mean that something is ``relativistic". Newton assumed the absolute reference frame and defined relative motion
as the difference of two absolute motion vectors to be observed from the outside
o... |
1,314,259,996,245 | arxiv | \section{\label{sec:level1}First-level heading}
In recent times the study of the quantum systems that are interacting with their surroundings has acquired a lot of attention in different fields ranging from condensed matter \cite{weiss,Hu,Rammer,Kamenev}, quantum information \cite{Banerjee:2019b}, subatomic physics \... |
1,314,259,996,246 | arxiv | \section{Introduction and Motivations}
Due to their many desirable properties such as sparse multiscale representations and fast transforms, orthogonal wavelets have been employed in many applications such as signal/image processing and numerical algorithms (\cite{daubook}). As a generalization of an orthogonal wavele... |
1,314,259,996,247 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
We consider in this paper numerical approximation of the following magneto-hydrodynamic (MHD) equations \cite{sermange1983some}:
\begin{subequations}\label{e_MHD_model}
\begin{align}
\frac{\partial \textbf{u} }{\partial t} + ( \textbf{u} \cdot \nabla ) \textbf{u}
- \nu \Delta \... |
1,314,259,996,248 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In this letter we report the results of some Molecular Dynamics
simulations of a one component model of plasma. In particular we
estimate the diffusion coefficient $D_{\perp}$ transverse to the
magnetic field, in the case of a weakly coupled plasma, for different
values of temperature $T$ and o... |
1,314,259,996,249 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\indent\indent In this paper, we are concerned with isentropic compressible Euler equations with a nonlinear term:
\begin{equation}\label{a1}
\left\{\begin{aligned}
&\partial_{t}\rho+\partial_{x}(\rho u)=0,\\
&\partial_{t}(\rho u)+\partial_{x}(\rho u^{2}+p)=\beta\rho|u|^{\alpha}u,
\end{aligned}\... |
1,314,259,996,250 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Throughout the paper, we focus only on commutative rings with a nonzero
identity. Let $R$ will always denote such a ring. We will denote the set of
all ideals of $R$ by $\mathcal{I}(R)$. A proper ideal $I$ of $R$ is an element
$I\in\mathcal{I}(R)$ with $I\neq R$. For many years, numerous types o... |
1,314,259,996,251 | arxiv | \section{\label{sec:Intro} Introduction}
Many well motivated extensions to the standard model predict the existence of a new family of particles, the so called Weakly Interacting Sub-eV Particles (WISPs). As the name suggests, they all share a very low rest mass below 1~eV and very feeble interactions with the standard... |
1,314,259,996,252 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sec:intro}
We consider two-player zero-sum {\em graph games}; a fundamental model with applications, e.g., in multi-agent systems \cite{AHK02}.
A graph game is played on a finite directed graph as follows. A token is placed on a vertex and the players move it throughout the graph to produce... |
1,314,259,996,253 | arxiv | \section{Section 1. Proof of Theorem 1}
\label{TheoremProof}
We present a proof for Theorem 1. Any $n+1$ partite qubit state $\ket{\psi} \in \mathcal{H}_2^{\otimes (n+1)}$ might be written as
\begin{equation}
\label{Peq111}
\ket{\psi}=\ket{0} \ket{\psi_0} + \ket{1}\ket{\psi_1}.
\end{equation}
Such a form provides the ... |
1,314,259,996,254 | arxiv | \section{Scattering states}
We linearize the problem and consider $+/-$ (where $+/-$ corresponds to the vicinity of $\pm k_F$, i.e. right- and left-movers) and use the ansatz
\begin{equation}
\psi_{1,2} = \begin{pmatrix}
a^+_e e^{i k_F x} e^{i(k+q)x + i \varphi_{1,2}/2}\\
a^+_h e^{i k_F x} e^{i(k-q)x - i \varphi_{1,... |
1,314,259,996,255 | arxiv | \section*{Abstract}
We use Latent-Dynamic Conditional Random Fields to perform skeleton-based pointing gesture classification at each time instance of a video sequence, where we achieve a frame-wise pointing accuracy of roughly $83\%$.
Subsequently, we determine continuous time sequences of arbitrary length that form i... |
1,314,259,996,256 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:Intro}
Given a group~$G$ with finite generating set~$S$ the
cogrowth problem considers elements in the free monoid, $S^*$, on $S$ whose images in $G$ are
equal to the identity; this is a sublanguage of $S^*$. We denote the
set of these elements by
$\mathcal{L}(G;S)$, or simply $\math... |
1,314,259,996,257 | arxiv | \section{\label{introduction}
Introduction}
The bright Saturn Nebula NGC\,7009 is known for its rich and prominent optical
recombination lines (ORLs) of heavy element ions, especially those of O~{\sc
ii}, ever since the spectrophotographic observations of Wyse \cite{wyse1942},
who published and analyzed deep spectra o... |
1,314,259,996,258 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{intro}
The problem of finding a path in road networks has been of great importance. Given the significance of the problem area, several researchers (e.g., \cite{tdrive, jing1998hierarchical,Demiryurek2011,Gunturi2015,byang18,Delling2008hb}) have explored it from different aspects. Among th... |
1,314,259,996,259 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
One of the least well understood features of hadronic physics is the
$\Delta I=1/2$ rule in non-leptonic kaon decays.
Decays in which isospin changes by $\Delta I=1/2$ are greatly enhanced over
those with $\Delta I=3/2$.
The particular example we focus on here is the ratio of
amplitudes for $K\t... |
1,314,259,996,260 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Over the recent years, neural networks (NNs) have become state of the art in
processing various kinds of data types, such as, e.\,g., high-dimensional
numerical
data \cite{}, images \cite{}, time series \cite{}, or language data
\cite{jones1995,collobert2011,martinez2013,cambria2012,lawrence... |
1,314,259,996,261 | arxiv | \section{Notation and terminology}\label{sec1}
We consider a complex $m$-convex Fr\'echet algebra, that is an algebra $X$ over the complex numbers that at the same time is a (locally convex) Fr\'echet space whose topology is induced by an increasing sequence $(\|\cdot\|_q)_{q\geq 1}$ of seminorms
that are submultipli... |
1,314,259,996,262 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In order to develop a practical natural language processing (NLP)
system, it is essential to deal with ill-formed sentences that cannot be
parsed correctly according to the grammar rules in the system.
In this paper, an ``ill-formed sentence'' means one that cannot be
parsed as a unified structu... |
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