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1,314,259,995,963 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Quantum effective actions provide a framework within which to study the quantum dynamics of field-theoretic systems, both perturbatively and non-perturbatively, and, for instance, out of thermodynamic equilibrium. Moreover, by introducing a function that controls which quantum fluctuations are ... |
1,314,259,995,964 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:Intro}
The physics of black holes is a crucial part of the current frontier of theoretical physics. Beside their importance for theoretical (and observational) astrophysics \cite{Bambi:2016lkv, Rezzolla:2016jxw}, they offer a precious laboratory for testing the foundations of our theor... |
1,314,259,995,965 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Estimating treatment effects from observational data is difficult because ``treated" and ``control" samples typically differ on many characteristics besides treatment status. For example, consumers of nutritional supplements may be wealthier or more health-conscious than those not taking supple... |
1,314,259,995,966 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) has been recognized as a promising technology to enhance the capacity and the spectral efficiency of fifth-generation (5G) wireless networks~\cite{MIMO}. However, deploying and configuring a large number of antennas can lead to severe hardware impairment, hea... |
1,314,259,995,967 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{intro_sec}
Recently Antal \emph{et al.} \cite{antal} proposed a triad dynamics to
model the approach of social balance. An essential ingredient in
the algorithm is the reduction of frustration in the following
sense. To an edge (or link) in the all-to-all topology is assigned a
value of $+... |
1,314,259,995,968 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The prototype of residue theorems in geometry is the classical theorem of Hopf's [H] which relates the zeroes of a vector field on a compact manifold to its Euler characteristic. In general, residue theorems associate topological invariants to the singularities of geometric objects. The aim of ... |
1,314,259,995,969 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
This paper but section 6 is essentially my lecture at The Eighth Congress of Romanian Mathematicians,
2015, Iasi, Romania.
Classical Morse theory and Morse--Novikov theory consider a Riemannian manifold $(M,g)$ and a Morse real valued or a Morse angle valued map, $f:M\to \mathbb R$ or $f:... |
1,314,259,995,970 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Given polynomials with integer coefficients, famous results and long-standing questions concern the {\it divisibility properties} of their values at integers, in particular their {\it primality}. The polynomial $x^2+x+41$ which assumes prime values at $0,1,\ldots,39$ is a striking example, ... |
1,314,259,995,971 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In recent years, interest to high-energy collisions of particles in strong
gravitational field increased significantly after observation made by Ba\~{n
ados, Silk and West (hereafter, BSW). They noticed that if two particles
collide in the vicinity of the Kerr black hole, the energy in the c... |
1,314,259,995,972 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Real-life networks are of finite size, loopy and display heavy correlations.
This complexity represents a challenge from several points of view:
first it is computationally expensive when attempting to investigate
the network topology and to simulate dynamical systems upon it; moreover
it become... |
1,314,259,995,973 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Dispersive shock waves (DSWs) are observed in nonlinear optics in systems described by the nonlinear Sch\"{o}rdinger equation, when the so-called hydrodynamical reduction is valid \cite{gurevich,bronskibook,kamchatnov,conti09,whitman,Besse12}. The introduction of a small amount of disorder compe... |
1,314,259,995,974 | arxiv | \section*{Introduction}
\label{introduction}
In Riemann surface theory, Teichmueller theory, and the theory of moduli spaces,
on the one hand, we benefit a lot
from cross-pollination of techniques coming from sometimes disparate fields like
topology, complex analysis, algebraic geometry, and arithmetic
... |
1,314,259,995,975 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Since the pioneer work of Caves in 1981~\cite{Caves}, quantum metrology
has made a great progress as a successful application of quantum mechanics to enhance the measurement precision~\cite{intro0,intro00,intro1,intro10,intro11,intro2,
intro20,intro21,intro22,Lu,Lu1,intro3,intro31,intro32}.
Howe... |
1,314,259,995,976 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
It is hard to find specific content in massive resource library. Generally, these contents can be transformed into vectors of different lengths using proper embedding algorithms. The state-of-the-art examples include, for text data, word2vec \cite{mikolov2013distributed}, and for image data, conv... |
1,314,259,995,977 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\seclab{intro}
Inverse problems are ubiquitous in science and engineering. Perhaps
the most popular family of inverse problems is to determine a set of
parameters (or a function) given a set of indirect observations, which
are in turn provided by a parameter-to-observable map plus observation
unc... |
1,314,259,995,978 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In essence, conformal predictors output systems of p-values:
to each potential label of a test object a conformal predictor
assigns the corresponding p-value,
and a low p-value is interpreted as the label being unlikely.
It has been argued, especially by Bayesian statisticians,
that p-val... |
1,314,259,995,979 | arxiv | \part{Appendix}
\label{appendix}
\setcounter{section}{0}
\section{Appendix A : Proof of Theorem~\ref{thm Compactness}}
\label{appendix A}
Assumption~A controls the number of zero $u_k$-blocks, whereas Assumption~B is
used to control the geometry of the mesoscopic phase labels. The dependence of $k_0$ on
$\delta... |
1,314,259,995,980 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The OPERA experiment \cite{1}, located at the Gran Sasso laboratory (LNGS), aims at observing the $\nu_{\mu}\rightarrow\nu_{\tau}$ neutrino oscillation in the direct appearance mode in the CERN neutrino to Gran Sasso (CNGS) \cite{3a,3b} beam by detecting the decay of the $\tau$ produced in charge... |
1,314,259,995,981 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Efficient quantum algorithms for determining the ground and excited states of many-body systems are of fundamental interest to chemistry, condensed matter physics, and materials science \cite{Lloyd:1996ch, aspuru2005simulated, kandala2017hardware, kandala2019error}.
The ability of quantum devices... |
1,314,259,995,982 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Blind gain and phase calibration (BGPC), the joint recovery of the unknown gains and phases in the sensing system and the unknown signal, is a bilinear inverse problem that arises in many applications: the joint estimation of albedo and lighting conditions in inverse rendering \cite{Nguyen2013}; ... |
1,314,259,995,983 | arxiv |
\section{Algorithms}
\label{sec:appendixalgorithms}
\input{algorithms/fftbased}
\input{algorithms/fvcconstructshift.tex}
\section{Concluding Remarks}
In this paper, we proposed efficient algorithms for the FVC-matching and PVC-matching problems.
The FVC-matching problem has been discussed by du Mouza \textit{... |
1,314,259,995,984 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sec:intro}
Everyday and everywhere we are surrounded by objects.
Objects augment our environment and serve as entities in space which provide information about state.
They are essential to interpret the state of environment and situation by their presence, pose, composition, etc.
One may ... |
1,314,259,995,985 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sec intro}
This paper is devoted to the Hermite interpolation with the surfaces possessing Pythagorean normal vector fields (PN surfaces). These surfaces were introduced by \cite{Po95}. We can understand them as surface counterparts to the Pythagorean hodograph (PH) curves first studied by... |
1,314,259,995,986 | arxiv | \section{Preliminaries}
During the last decades it has become clear that heavy-tailed random variables are needed in realistic mathematical models. Consequently, heavy-tailed analysis has seen an explosive growth in the number of publications, making it an active research field of high current interest.
A cornerston... |
1,314,259,995,987 | arxiv | \section{Introduction} Topological properties of defects and textures of order parameters and gauge fields in real space are generally classified by homotopy groups~\cite{Thouless,Volovik,Shifman}. The homotopy analysis can also be applied for topological classification of quasi-particle band structures in reciprocal s... |
1,314,259,995,988 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In the last two decades, the importance of considering the chemistry occurring on grains or with grains
has become clear \citep{Vidali2013,Linnartz2015}, thanks to an ever increasing number of laboratory experiments required
to explain new observational data on ices coating dust grains \citep{Bo... |
1,314,259,995,989 | arxiv | \section{Introduction and Motivation}
The quantum harmonic oscillator with a time-dependent frequency has been widely studied in numerous contexts, because it rears its head in practically every situation involving the study of a quantum field in a non-trivial time dependent background (for a review, see for e.g.~\cit... |
1,314,259,995,990 | arxiv | \section{INTRODUCTION}
By $z$\s1, when the Universe was about half its current age, many of
the properties of the present-day galaxy population were already in
place. Although the rate of star formation in the Universe as a whole
was an order of magnitude higher at $z$$\sim$1 than it is today (Lilly
et al.\ 1996), th... |
1,314,259,995,991 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Ultracold atomic gases provide an ideal platform for the study of quantum many-body physics \cite{cold_atom_rev}. Ever since the realization of Bose–Einstein condensates of weakly interacting gases \cite{BEC_1,BEC_2}, milestone achievements have been reported in cold-atom experiments. Prominent ... |
1,314,259,995,992 | arxiv | \section*{Abstract}
{\bf
We demonstrate the emergence of classical features in electronic quantum transport for the scanning gate microscopy response in a cavity defined by a quantum point contact and a micron-sized circular reflector. The branches in electronic flow characteristic of a quantum point contact opening on... |
1,314,259,995,993 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The direct numerical simulation (DNS) of turbulence is impractical for most applications due to its multiscale nature. Engineering decisions requiring a short turnover duration continue to rely on the Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) equations for steady-state analysis of turbulent flows. ... |
1,314,259,995,994 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\vspace{.4cm}
String Theory \cite{acv}, certain other approaches to Quantum Gravity, as well as
Black Hole Physics \cite{maggiore} suggest a modification of the
Heisenberg's Uncertainty Principle near the Planck scale to a so-called Generalized Uncertainty
Principle (GUP) of the form
\begin{equ... |
1,314,259,995,995 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Determining thermodynamic properties of strongly interacting matter is a crucial goal of high energy nuclear physics, and strong efforts are currently in place from both theory and experiment to expand the knowledge of the different phases of QCD matter. The reach of such knowledge would range fr... |
1,314,259,995,996 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sec:Intro}
Predictive modeling is at the core of many scientific disciplines, including business, engineering, finance, and public health. A natural way to gauge the predictive capability of a statistical model is to estimate its predictive risk. The systematic study of the risk of a statis... |
1,314,259,995,997 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
This paper is concerned with the fundamental question of how well one
can estimate a sparse vector from noisy linear measurements in the
general situation where one has the flexibility to design those
measurements at will (in the language of statistics, one would say that
there... |
1,314,259,995,998 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
\gls{slam} is a popular field in robotics, and after roughly three
decades of research, effective solutions are available. As many sectors rely on SLAM, such as autonomous driving, augmented reality and space exploration, it still receives much attention in academia and industry... |
1,314,259,995,999 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Frustrated magnetism continues to be of considerable current interest due to the rich possibility of new states and properties of matter.\cite{lacroix_2011} While Kagome and triangular lattices have been widely studied, frustration in the face-centred-cubic (fcc) lattice has received much less... |
1,314,259,996,000 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
{\em Bayesian networks\/} are basic graphical models, used widely both in statistics \cite{bib:Lau96} and artificial intelligence \cite{bib:Pea88}. These statistical models of conditional independence structure are described by acyclic directed graphs whose nodes correspond to (random) varia... |
1,314,259,996,001 | arxiv |
\subsection{Photometry}
\subsubsection{TESS photometry}
\label{TESSphotom}
The TOI-431 system (TIC\,31374837, HIP\,26013) was observed in {\it TESS}\ Sectors 5 (Nov 15 to Dec 11 2018) and 6 (Dec 15 2018 to Jan 6 2019) on Camera 2 in the 2-minute cadence mode ($t_{\rm exp} = 2$\,min).
TOI-431.01 (now TOI-431\,d) was ... |
1,314,259,996,002 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Classical cellular automata (CA) after S. Ulam and J. von Neumann \cite{Ulam-Neumann, Wolf} are defined on regular grids which are actually finite direct products of finite or infinite cyclic groups.
If to say about finite products of finite cyclic groups (tori ) then it appears that many differ... |
1,314,259,996,003 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
It is by now more than fifteen years ago that a surprising suppression of the Kondo effect in
thin films and wires of dilute magnetic alloys has been observed.\cite{exp1,exp2,exp3,exp4}
A few years after the first experiments, \'Ujs\'aghy {\em et al.} proposed that
the most likely explanation o... |
1,314,259,996,004 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\subsection{Planar Circular Flow Conjecture}
For integers $a\ge 2b>0$, a \Emph{circular
$a/b$-flow}\footnote{Jaeger~\cite{Jaeger1988} showed that if $p,q,r,s\in \Z^+$
and $p/q=r/s$, then each graph $G$ has a circular $p/q$-flow if and only if it
has a circular $r/s$-flow. (See~\cite{Goddyn1998} ... |
1,314,259,996,005 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:Introduction}
Given a time series of graphs $\mathcal{G}^{(t)} = (\mathcal{V},\mathcal{E}^{(t)}), t=1,2,\dots$ where the vertex set $\mathcal{V}=[n]=\{1, \dots, n\}$ is fixed and the edge sets $\mathcal{E}^{(t)}$ depend on time $t$, we consider two natural anomaly detection problems. T... |
1,314,259,996,006 | arxiv | \section{INTRODUCTION}
Since its explosion, SN~1987A has evolved from a supernova (SN) dominated by the emission from the radioactive decay of
$^{56}$Co, $^{57}$Co and $^{44}$Ti in the ejecta to a supernova remnant whose emission is dominated by the interaction of the supernova blast wave with its surrounding medium.... |
1,314,259,996,007 | arxiv | \section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro}
One of the main, unresolved questions in planet formation is how the material in the disk grows from (sub-$\mu$m) Interstellar Medium dust to planetesimals. In the past years, there has been a lot of attention on pressure bumps at the edges of cavities, because they can efficien... |
1,314,259,996,008 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
A recurring theme in analytic number theory is the study of central value of a family of $L$-functions. In this paper, we prove asymptotic formulae for the twisted first and second moments of central $L$-values for the family of Hecke--Maass cusp forms over the classical modular group ${\math... |
1,314,259,996,009 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The phase diagram of QCD has been investigated in the finite chemical potential $(\mu)$ and finite temperature $(T)$ region.
Recently, the existence of the inhomogeneous chiral phase has been newly suggested
and the property of this phase has been actively discussed by the analysis of the chiral ... |
1,314,259,996,010 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Vehicle-sharing is an emerging smart mobility service leveraging connectivity and modern technology to enable users to share their vehicles with others. Users can book in advance and access a vehicle, where the traditional key distribution is naturally replaced. With the use of in-vehicle telemat... |
1,314,259,996,011 | arxiv | \section*{Acknowledgements}
We gratefully acknowledge financial support of the DFG via the SFB 631, the German Excellence Initiative via NIM, the EU-FP7 via SOLID, and the BMBF via QuaHLRep project 01BQ1036. AL acknowledges support of the TUM-GS, and SF of the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation.
\section*{References}
|
1,314,259,996,012 | arxiv | \section{Triviality and the Standard Model\,\protect{\cite{rscintro}}}
In the standard Higgs model, one introduces
a fundamental scalar doublet:
\begin{displaymath}
\phi=\left(\matrix{\phi^+ \cr \phi^0 \cr}\right)
{}~,
\end{displaymath}
with potential:
\begin{displaymath}
V(\phi)=\lambda \left(\phi^{\dagger}\phi - {v^... |
1,314,259,996,013 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Hom-Lie algebras and related hom-algebra structures have recently become a subject of growing interest and extensive investigations, in part due to the prospect of providing a general framework in which one can produce many types of natural deformations of (Lie) algebras, in particular $q$-deform... |
1,314,259,996,014 | arxiv | \section{The Theory}
\subsection{Introduction}
General relativity is a quintessential example of a successful physical theory. At the same time as its conceptional simplicity is striking, it has to this day not failed a single experimental test.
However, one theoretical prediction of GR that contradicts physical intuit... |
1,314,259,996,015 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Discussions on the Maxwell's demon have provided a better understanding of the relation between information entropy and entropy production~\cite{Szilard,demon,Maruyama}. As a generalization of the relation between information entropy and entropy production, the second
law of thermodynamics is ... |
1,314,259,996,016 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sintro}
Let $\{X_n\}_{n\in\mathbb{Z}}$ and $\{U_n\}_{n\in\mathbb{Z}}$ be stationary sequences of real random variables on the probability space $(\Omega, {\cal{A}}, P)$ and $P(U_n\in\{0,1\})=1$. We define, for $n\geq 1$,
\begin{eqnarray}\label{Yn}
Y_n=\left\{
\begin{array}{ll}
X_n & ,\... |
1,314,259,996,017 | arxiv | \section*{\centering References}
\list
{[\arabic{enumi}]}{\settowidth\labelwidth{[#1]}\leftmargin\labelwidth
\setlength{\itemsep}{.1em}
\advance\leftmargin\labelsep
\usecounter{enumi}}
\def\hskip .11em plus .33em minus -.07em{\hskip .11em plus .33em minus -.07em}
\sloppy
\sfcode`\.=1000\relax}
\let\endthebiblio... |
1,314,259,996,018 | arxiv | \section{\label{sec:intro}Introduction}
In magnetic systems where the antisymmetric Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (DMI) is present~\cite{Dzyal58,moriya1960new}, topological and chiral features emerge. The DMI interaction is the responsible of the stabilization of localized magnetic textures with chiral character, ... |
1,314,259,996,019 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Recent years \textsl{Neural Architecture Search}~\cite{zoph2016neural, baker2016designing, zoph2018learning, zhong2018practical, zhong2018blockqnn, liu2018progressive, real2019regularized, tan2019mnasnet, chen2019detnas}~(NAS) has received much attention in the community as its superior performa... |
1,314,259,996,020 | arxiv | \section{Electronic Submission}
\label{submission}
Submission to ICML 2015 will be entirely electronic, via a web site
(not email). Information about the submission process and \LaTeX\ templates
are available on the conference web site at:
\begin{center}
\textbf{\texttt{http://icml.cc/2015/}}
\end{center}
Send questi... |
1,314,259,996,021 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Inflationary cosmology stands today as an elegant and compelling explanation why our observable universe is so large, flat and homogeneous on large scales \cite{Starobinsky:1980te,Guth:1980zm,Linde:1981mu}. Quantum fluctuations during inflation provide the seeds for
structure formation, whereas ... |
1,314,259,996,022 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
With the rapid development of deep learning, semantic segmentation, one of the most fundamental tasks in computer vision, has achieved significantly better performance than before~\cite{chen2017rethinking,chen2018encoder}. However, the fully supervised methods are largely limited by their depende... |
1,314,259,996,023 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The standard model (SM), which provides an articulate description of the nature around TeV energy scale, was completed by the discovery of the Higgs boson \cite{:2012gk,:2012gu}. {However,} the SM still contains several mysteries and problems, which cannot be solved {within the context of the SM}... |
1,314,259,996,024 | arxiv | \section{INTRODUCTION}
Graphene, the pioneer of the world of two-dimensional (2D) materials, has been a big subject undergoing intense investigations since its discovery almost 20 years ago \cite{novoselov2004,berger2004,novoselov2005,geim2007,novoselov2012}. During the last decade, the graphitization of SiC surfaces i... |
1,314,259,996,025 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}
\label{sec:introduction}
Temporal data is found in many financial, business, and scientific
applications running on top of database management systems (DBMSs), i.e.,
supporting these applications through efficient temporal operator
implementations is crucial. For example, Kaufmann states tha... |
1,314,259,996,026 | arxiv | \section{Introduction and Main Result}
\bigskip
Let $G$ be an additive finite abelian group. For a (multiplicatively
written) sequence $S = g_1 \cdot \ldots \cdot g_l$ over $G$, $|S| =
l$ is called the length of $S$, and $S$ is said to be zero-sum free
if $\sum_{i \in I}g_i \ne 0$ for every nonempty subset $I \subset
... |
1,314,259,996,027 | arxiv | \section*{Introduction}\label{sec:introduction}
A fundamental open question in the classification of Riemann surfaces, known as the \textit{type problem} is:
{\centerline{whether a Riemann surface S supports a Green's function?}}
\noindent Behind this question is the classical problem of uniformization (see \emph{e... |
1,314,259,996,028 | arxiv | \section{EM algorithm}
\section{Initialization choices}
The EM algorithm requires an initialization of the parameters $\theta_{old}$. Since the likelihood function we are considering is non-convex the parameters initialization is crucial to find the optimal solution. In particular,given the cluster number $K$ ... |
1,314,259,996,029 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{Sone}
The aim of the Thomas-Fermi (\lq\lq TF") statistical multi-quark model, introduced in Ref.\cite{wilcox}, is to explore many-quark baryon states including strange matter\cite{witten,farhi}. It is a useful new tool for the quark physicist to quickly assess the possibility of bound and ... |
1,314,259,996,030 | arxiv | \section{Monitoring the position}
Time-continuous position measurement can be understood as an idealization
of a sequence of discrete unsharp position measurements carried out
consecutively on a single copy of a quantum particle \cite{Dio88}.
The notion of unsharp measurement is instrumental here.
Such an unsharp mea... |
1,314,259,996,031 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:introduction}
Consider the following process on a rooted tree with $n$~vertices.
Pick an edge uniformly at random and ``cut'' it, separating the tree
into a pair of rooted trees; the tree containing the root of the
original tree retains its root while the tree not containing the root
... |
1,314,259,996,032 | arxiv | \section{Conclusion}
In this paper, we present an updated discussion of commonly used data compression schemes in memory column databases. This study contributes the following messages to our community:
\begin{itemize}
\item It is still beneficial to apply data compression for in-memory databases. A clear benefit is ... |
1,314,259,996,033 | arxiv | \section{References}\vspace{-.1\baselineskip}}
\newcommand{\spara}[1]{\smallskip\noindent\textbf{#1}}
\newcommand{\mpara}[1]{\medskip\noindent\textbf{#1}}
\newcommand{\para}[1]{\noindent\textbf{#1}}
\newcommand{\ensuremath{\mathbf{NP}}}{\ensuremath{\mathbf{NP}}}
\newcommand{{{\np}-hard}\xspace}{{{\ensuremath{\mathbf{... |
1,314,259,996,034 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
This paper is mainly concerned with the following system of reaction-diffusion equations
\begin{equation}\label{eqA}\begin{array}{l}
\partial_t a_i-\nabla\cdot(D_i\nabla a_i)=Q_i(a),\qquad i\in\{1,2,3,4\},\ t\geq 0,\ x\in\mathbb R^N,
\\[.3cm]
Q_i(a)=(-1)^{i+1}(a_2a_4-a_1a_3),
\end{array}\end{equ... |
1,314,259,996,035 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}
\input{Introduction.tex}
\section{Definitions and Background}
\input{Definitions.tex}
\section{Finiteness of Once-Unclean Arcs}
\input{Finiteness.tex}
\section{Monodromies with Clean or Once-Unclean Arcs}
\input{Monodromies.tex}
\section{Crossing Changes}
\input{CrossingChanges.tex}
\... |
1,314,259,996,036 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The Polyakov model, Yang-Mills theory with an adjoint Higgs scalar on ${\mathbb R}^3$,
is one of the cornerstones in the study of confinement in gauge theories \cite{Polyakov:1976fu}.
Abelian duality is used to show the emergence of a mass gap, and to exhibit linear confinement via the pr... |
1,314,259,996,037 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec: intro}
Nuclear matter, an ideal infinite system made of strongly-interacting nucleons, is currently subject to intense study from multiple perspectives, due to its connections to the nuclear physics of finite nuclei \cite{rocamaza2018,Piekarewicz2019NeutronSkin,Burgio2020},
the astro... |
1,314,259,996,038 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Relativistic magnetohydrodynamics is the important part of the modern cosmic plasma physics and fluid dynamics in the context of applications to
the theory of matter accretion to the rotating neutron stars and black holes, to the theory of structure of magnetospheres of pulsars and Sun (see, e.... |
1,314,259,996,039 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Recently, we have used the technique of quantum thermal geodesics
confined behind horizons of black hole \cite{K1,K2,K3} in order to
derive a quasi-classical spectrum of masses for rotating Kerr and
BTZ black holes \cite{K2', K-BTZ}.
For the Kerr black hole, we have found the following relation... |
1,314,259,996,040 | arxiv | \section{Correlated formation of Black Hole and Bulges in CDM and MOND}
While appearing in wide range of shapes, sizes and luminosities, galaxies have very regular properties. E.g., the terminal rotation speed $V_{cir}$ of a spiral galaxy is tightly correlated with its total baryonic mass $M$, following a simple TFM... |
1,314,259,996,041 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
It is well established that galaxies contain massive black holes
(MBHs) in their nuclei \citep[e.g.,][]{kr95, richstoneetal98}.
Observations of the host elliptical galaxy or spiral bulge show a
relation between the mass of the MBHs and the galactic spheroid
luminosity and the stellar velocity dis... |
1,314,259,996,042 | arxiv | \section{Introduction} \label{s1}
The main idea of this paper is to present an elementary practical
classification of electromagnetic fields (see also
\cite{Mitsk06a}) equally applicable in both relativities and
having deep physical roots. In fact, there already exist
classifications of stress-energy tensors (essentia... |
1,314,259,996,043 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\IEEEPARstart{T}{he} real world is dynamic – all objects move, and environments change. On a daily life scale, the world is deterministic and predictable by the laws of physics. Solving governing equations is a firm and definite approach to study a physical system. However, the complexity of the ... |
1,314,259,996,044 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The properties
of gauge invariance and gauge-parameter independence, which
are inherent in all kinds of gauge theories, have recently gained
renewed interest.
The question of gauge dependence arises automatically
whenever physical observables, i.e.\ S-matrix elements, are not strictly
calculated ... |
1,314,259,996,045 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\indent
In two decade, transport property of the
unconventional superconducting junctions
is studied both theoretically and experimentally.
In these junctions, zero-energy resonance state (ZES)
plays an important role.
\cite{ZES2,ZES3}
It is well known that in the tunneling spectroscopy
of... |
1,314,259,996,046 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sec:Intro}
The Eisenbud-Green-Harris (EGH) conjecture is a famous open problem in commutative algebra and algebraic geometry. If true, it would imply the generalized Cayley-Bacharach conjecture~\cite{EisenbudGreenHarris1993:EGHConjecture}, generalize the classic Clements-Lindstr\"{o}m theor... |
1,314,259,996,047 | arxiv | \chapter{\clearpage\thispagestyle{plain}\global\@topnum\z@
\@afterindenttrue \secdef\@chapter\@schapter}
\makeatother
\newtheorem{thm} {Theorem} [section]
\newtheorem{prop}{Proposition} [section]
\newtheorem{lem} {Lemma} [section]
\newtheorem{cor} {Corollary}[section]
\newtheorem{Def} {Definition... |
1,314,259,996,048 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
Strongly correlated quantum systems remain a great challenge in condensed matter theory.
In many cases, we have to rely on numerical tools to make predictions from a microscopic model that can be compared to experiment.
Unfortunately the exponential growth of the Hilbert space ... |
1,314,259,996,049 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
One of the highest mortality rates in developed countries is due to cancer. For this reason, it is one of the most studied diseases, and however, it is still far from being well understood. Aside from the intensive medical and biological research, an increasing number of theoretical models is be... |
1,314,259,996,050 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Weak-scale supersymmetry(SUSY) \cite{prnilles} has been a promising candidate for physics beyond the Standard
Model due to the natural solution to the hierarchy problem and the gauge coupling
unification and etc.
It is well known that
supergravity mediation of SUSY breaking at the hidden se... |
1,314,259,996,051 | arxiv | \section*{References}}}{
\usepackage{amsthm}
\newtheorem{theorem}{Theorem}[section]
\newtheorem{lemma}[theorem]{Lemma}
\newtheorem{proposition}[theorem]{Proposition}
\newtheorem*{corollary}{Corollary}
\renewcommand{\thetheorem}{\arabic{theorem}}
\theoremstyle{remark}
\newtheorem*{remark}{Remark}
}
\makeatother
\Decla... |
1,314,259,996,052 | arxiv | \section{Proof of the First Zonklar Equation}
\section*{Acknowledgments}
This research was supported by Hong Kong RGC GRF
grant HKBU 12200418. We thank the anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments and suggestions. We would also like to thank NVIDIA AI Technology Centre (NVAITC) for providing the GPU cluster... |
1,314,259,996,053 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{Sec_Int}
Studies of hard exclusive reactions rely on the factorization properties of the leading twist amplitudes \cite{fact}.
The leading twist
distribution amplitude (DA) of a transversally polarized vector meson is
chiral-odd, and hence decouples from hard amplitudes even when another
... |
1,314,259,996,054 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{intr}
One of the outstanding issues in neutrino physics today is to
clarify the Dirac or Majorana character of neutrino masses.
If neutrinos are Dirac particles, they must have right-handed
electroweak singlet components in addition to the known left-handed
modes; in such case lepton num... |
1,314,259,996,055 | arxiv | \subsection{Overview of Approach}
\label{sec:intro:approach}
Here we provide an overview of our approach for solving linear systems in directed Laplacians. We split it into three parts. In the first part, Section~\ref{sec:approach_reductions}, we describe how to reduce the problem to the special case of solving Eule... |
1,314,259,996,056 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Although it is well known that many of the most spectacular examples of
starburst galaxies are members of interacting systems, relatively
little quantitative information is available on the overall effects of
interactions on the star formation properties of galaxies.
The degree of enhancement i... |
1,314,259,996,057 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
For decades, face recognition (FR) from color images has achieved substantial progress and forms part of an ever-growing number of real world applications, such as video surveillance, people tagging and virtual/augmented reality systems \cite{zhao2003face, tan2006face, azeem2014... |
1,314,259,996,058 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\noindent \textit{Motivation.} The \emph{model checking problem},
to decide whether a given logical sentence is true in a given structure,
is a fundamental computational problem which appears in a variety of areas in
computer science, including database theory, artificial intelligence, constr... |
1,314,259,996,059 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
In the $\Lambda$CDM model, structure builds up hierarchically, with
smaller objects merging to build larger ones. One consequence of this
is stellar streams in the Galactic halo, produced as accreted objects
are tidally disrupted (see e.g. \citealt{Lynden-Bell1995} and
refere... |
1,314,259,996,060 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Blockchains rely on transaction messages being broadcast (to what is called a `mempool') where agents (`validators' or `miners') assemble them into a block that is appended to a public ledger. Those agents confirm that messages are valid (e.g., tokens transferred from a wallet actually are owned... |
1,314,259,996,061 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In the context of the $AdS_5/CFT_4$ correspondence a very interesting development was the understanding of the existence of an
integrable structure at the both sides of the correspondence \cite{Minahan:2002ve,Bena:2003wd}. In the $\mathcal{N}=4$ $SU(N)$ field theory the one loop dilatation opera... |
1,314,259,996,062 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Following \cite{ig} and \cite{dixon}, we say that a subset $\left\{g_{1},g_{2},\hdots,g_{d}\right\}$ of a group $G$ \emph{invariably generates} $G$ if $\left\{g_{1}^{x_{1}},g_{2}^{x_{2}},\hdots,g_{d}^{x_{d}}\right\}$ generates $G$ for every $d$-tuple $(x_{1},x_{2}\hdots,x_{d})\in G^{d}$. The Che... |
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