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3,212,635,538,606
arxiv
\section{Introduction} One of the fundamental goals of the modern Cosmology is to measure the distance of the emitting systems, a key parameter linked to the size, energy and mass of them. In particular, extragalactic distance measurements are fundamental in the learning of the size, age, composition and evolution...
3,212,635,538,607
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \noindent A fundamental challenge for string theory is to explain the cosmology of our Universe. How can the theory describe, or even better predict, basic features of our Universe? Despite considerable effort over the last few years (see \cite{ABS} -- \cite{Maldacena:2000mw} for a partial list...
3,212,635,538,608
arxiv
\section{Introduction} In recent years, there has been much effort in the calculation and understanding of the power spectrum, bispectrum \cite{Maldacena0210603,Acquaviva0209156,Seery0503692,Chen0605045} and trispectrum \cite{Huang0610235,Arroja08021167,Seery0610210,Arroja09053641,Chen09053494} of primordial curvature ...
3,212,635,538,609
arxiv
\section{Introduction} While climate change has become one of the greatest threats to our world, renewable energy such as solar power is critical to fight climate change\cite{chu2012opportunities,agnew2015effect}. China, as the world's leading installer of solar photovoltaics (PV), is the world's largest producer of so...
3,212,635,538,610
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro} Grover's algorithm, introduced in Ref.~\cite{10.1145/237814.237866}, is a quantum search algorithm for finding the unique input $x_\mathrm{good}$ that satisfies \begin{equation} f_\mathrm{bool}(x_\mathrm{good}) = 1\,, \label{eq:winner} \end{equation} for a given boolean funct...
3,212,635,538,611
arxiv
\section{Introduction and main results} \subsection{Overview} \label{sscOverview} Toric varieties provide an important testing ground in algebraic and symplectic geometry, carrying enough structure to render many computations tractable but still being general enough to include plenty of non-trivial examples. Th...
3,212,635,538,612
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro} We now know that the in-spiral and merger of two neutron stars is a central engine of short gamma ray bursts \cite{GW170817GRB,EichlerBNSGRB,NarayanGRB} and a site of r-process nucleosynthesis \cite{GW1708MultiMessanger}, where the heaviest elements in our universe are forme...
3,212,635,538,613
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Low-density parity-check~(LDPC) codes, discovered by Gallager in 1962~\cite{Gallager1962}, are shown in practice to achieve near-capacity performance. As a result, LDPC codes have been widely adopted in modern communication systems, such as the satellite transmission~\cite{DVBS2}, Wi-Fi~\cite{I...
3,212,635,538,614
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Is vacuum dispersive? In other terms, does the speed of light {\it{in vacuo}} depend on its frequency? The answer is obviously NO if one considers a classical (= non quantum, namely with many photons in the same state) electromagnetic wave (EM wave later - this "EM" will be attached either to th...
3,212,635,538,615
arxiv
\section{Introduction} In this paper, we address the following question: given a classical algorithm performing a task, along with a description of the algorithm, when can one turn it into a quantum algorithm and obtain a speed-up in the process? Of specific interest to us in this paper is the case when the classical...
3,212,635,538,616
arxiv
\section{INTRODUCTION} Direct imaging of stellar environments is a powerful technique to discover new objects like circumstellar disks or for long-orbit exoplanets detection and characterization. However, the proximity between those objects and their stars added to the difference of luminosity require specific solution...
3,212,635,538,617
arxiv
\section{Acknowledgements} \label{sec:ack} We thank Nirbhay Modhe and Viraj Prabhu for the PyTorch implementation~\cite{modhe_github18} of~\citet{visdial_rl} that we built on, and Jiasen Lu for helpful discussions. The Georgia Tech effort is supported in part by NSF, AFRL, DARPA, ONR YIPs, ARO PECASE. AD is supported...
3,212,635,538,618
arxiv
\section{Introduction} To describe high-energy nuclear physics, the knowledge of the in-medium behavior of quasiparticles such as quarks, gluons, mesons and baryons including their antiparticles is crucial. The quantum chromodynamics (QCD) seems to be the best tool to proceed to this study. Nevertheless, it is wel...
3,212,635,538,619
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The square-shoulder potential is one of the simplest purely repulsive potentials with a hard core. It can be expressed as: \begin{equation} \label{eqSqSh} U(r)=\left\{\begin{split} & +\infty \ , \\ & U_0 \ , \\ & 0 \ , \end{split}\right. \!\!\!\!\!\!\!\!\!\!\!\!\!\!\!\...
3,212,635,538,620
arxiv
\section{Introduction} In this paper we prove the following result. \medskip \noindent {\bf Main Theorem} \\ {\em Let $\mathbb{K}$ be an arbitrary field, let $\sigma$ be an automorphism of $\mathbb{K}$ of order one or two and let $V$ be an $(n+1)$-dimensional vector space over $\mathbb{K}$ endowed with a non-degen...
3,212,635,538,621
arxiv
\section{INTRODUCTION} Mathematical models used in physics and mechanics do not always possess a canonical Hamiltonian structure. Typically, the dynamics is governed by partial differential equations expressed in terms of physically-based variables, which are not usually canonical. A transformation to new variables is...
3,212,635,538,622
arxiv
\section*{Abstract} For many years, a combination of principal component analysis (PCA) and independent component analysis (ICA) has been used for blind source separation (BSS). However, it remains unclear why these linear methods work well with real-world data that involve nonlinear source mixtures. This work theoreti...
3,212,635,538,623
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Interpolation of potential energy surfaces (PESs) is one of the most common applications of supervised machine learning (ML) methods. Commonly, this is done with deep neural networks (DNNs) \cite{GP_vs_NN,NN_Tucker,NN_small_molecules,NN_highdim,many-body_NN,NN_environment-dependent_atom,NN_ANI-1,...
3,212,635,538,624
arxiv
\section{INTRODUCTION} \label{section:introduction} Type Ia Supernovae (SNeIa) can be used as well-calibrated standard candles with relatively little dispersion in their intrinsic luminosities \citep[e.g.,][]{phillips93,hamuy_etal95,riess_etal96,prieto_etal06,guy_etal07,jha_etal07}. This has allowed for recent...
3,212,635,538,625
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Matrices generated by trigonometric functions enjoy a wide-range of appealing analytic and numerical properties, whereby they are important across a wide variety of problems. The present paper is motivated by the very recent article (in this journal) of~\citet{zhLiLi12}, who studied certain trigo...
3,212,635,538,626
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Evidences of possible nonclassical or missing rotational inertia in solid helium were first reported by Kim and Chan in their torsional oscillator (TO) experiments in \,2004.\cite{NatureKC,ScienceKC} When the torsion cell filled with solid helium was cooled below \,200 mK, a drop in the resonant...
3,212,635,538,627
arxiv
\section{$GL_q(N), SL_q(N)$ and $SU_q(N)$} The calculus for the quantum plane covariant under $GL_q(N)$ is well known\cite{WZ}. The coordinates $x_i$ in the plane satisfy the commutation relations \begin{equation} \label{xx} x_1 x_2 =q^{-1} x_1 x_2 \hat{R}_{12} \end{equation} and the derivatives $\partial^i$ satisfy \b...
3,212,635,538,628
arxiv
\section{Robust Training for GNNs} With the aid of first-order attack generation methods, we now introduce our adversarial training for GNNs via robust optimization. Similar formulation is also used in \cite{madry2017towards}. In adversarial training, we solve a min-max problem for robust optimization: {\small \begin{...
3,212,635,538,629
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Recent years have seen a flurry of research papers on distributed Nash equilibrium seeking, due to the increase of distributed systems. There are a broad range of networked scenarios that involve strategic interacting agents, where centralized approaches are not suitable. Some examples are dema...
3,212,635,538,630
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Black hole has attract people's attention since a long time ago. The pioneering work of Bekenstein\cite{bk1}, Hawking\cite{hawk1} and others \cite{bch1}during the seventies of last century have suggested that black hole have temperature and entropy. The entropy is given by the famous Bekenstein-...
3,212,635,538,631
arxiv
\subsection{Local cohomology} This subsection is inspired by a result from \cite[Éxposé 2]{SGA2}, giving a formula for local cohomology -- see \autoref{formula-coholoc}. We will first develop two duality results we will need afterwards, and then prove the formula. Let $A \in \cdgaunbounded^{\leq 0}_k$ be a cdga over...
3,212,635,538,632
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \setcounter{footnote}{0} \setcounter{equation}{0} In recent years, enormous progress has been made in understanding the non-perturbative dynamics of supersymmetric gauge theories \cite{IS}. Many theories have been solved ``exactly", setting the stage for applications of strong supersymmetric gau...
3,212,635,538,633
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Radio galaxies are excellent laboratories to disentangle the role of central active nuclei in host galaxies evolution and the relation of intergalactic environment and the central activity. The complex structure of radio galaxies put severe troubles to carry out specific optical studies in this ...
3,212,635,538,634
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The study of estimates for complex analytic functions and their derivatives is rich from a purely mathematical point of view and provides an indispensable and powerful tool for solving a wide range of problems arising in applications. The estimates in matter, known as "real part theorems", attra...
3,212,635,538,635
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro} \myparagraph{Motivation and problem} Let $M$ be an $n\times n$ matrix with entries in the polynomial ring \(\ring = \pring\) where $\field$ is a field. For $r < n$, we let $\detideal$ be the determinantal ideal generated by the sequence $\detsystem$ of all minors of \(M\) of si...
3,212,635,538,636
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \citet[][B72 hereafter]{1972Bardeen} show that one need an extra $v\sim 0.5c$ relative velocity boost after the plunge in order for the inbound debris to reach the ergosphere negative-energy orbits, to ultimately extract energy from the negative-energy orbits to be carried away by the outbound...
3,212,635,538,637
arxiv
\section{Introduction} In this article, we will provide a brief overview of how models for the interiors of giant planets are put together. While much of this discussion applies to all giant planets, this article will be focused on Jupiter in particular. We will review results from space missions that visited the plan...
3,212,635,538,638
arxiv
\section{Introduction} SU(2) Einstein-Yang-Mills (EYM) and Einstein-Yang-Mills-dilaton (EYMD) theory possess a rich variety of solutions. Recently, we have constructed static axially symmetric regular and black hole solutions in these theories \cite{kk2,kk3}. These solutions represent generalizations of the spherical...
3,212,635,538,639
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The theory of quasiregular mappings, initiated by the works of M.A.Lavrentiev and later by Reshetnyak and Martio, Rickman and V\"{a}is\"{a}l\"{a}, shows that they form (from the geometric function theoretic point of view) the correct generalization of the class of analytic functions to higher dim...
3,212,635,538,640
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{s:i} \hspace{\parindent} The known fundamental interactions of nature are all governed by gauge theories. The presence of a gauge symmetry indicates that a theory is formulated in a redundant way, in which certain local degrees of freedom do not enter the dynamics. Conversely, when there ...
3,212,635,538,641
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The theoretical description of the Kondo lattice remains an outstanding problem of solid state physics. This model, or variations of it, may be viewed as the appropriate one for understanding such intensively investigated classes of materials as the heavy electron metals\cite{Stewart,Fulde,Bic...
3,212,635,538,642
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Fifty years ago, the second author was admitted to the prestigious Dept of Applied Math. \& Theoretical Physics at Cambridge, UK, headed then by Sir James Lighthill. Two \texttt{ibm} card punchers connected to the computing center -- also one of the best in the world in those days-- had been rel...
3,212,635,538,643
arxiv
\section{INTRODUCTION} Superconducting coplanar-waveguide (SCPW) resonators are used for photon detection and quantum information processing. Recently, there has been a growing interest in titanium nitride (TiN) thin films due to their widely tunable critical temperature $T_{\text{c}}$, large surface inductance, and a...
3,212,635,538,644
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The optics of surfaces plays an important role in the calculation of the Lifshitz-Casimir formula \cite{lifshitz}. Indeed the Lifshitz formula can be obtained from the sum of surface-polariton modes between two metallic slabs \cite{sernelius, roman1,roman2,intravaia,lambrecht}. In metallic and...
3,212,635,538,645
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The lessons we will draw from this work are as follows. \begin{itemize} \item Very high dimensional spaces are of very simple structure. \item It becomes easier to find clusters in high dimensions. \item The simple high dimensional structure is hierarchical. \item Ease of handling high dimensi...
3,212,635,538,646
arxiv
\section{Introduction, Summary, and Outlook} \label{intro} Many-body systems in thermal equilibrium are governed by universal laws, the laws of thermodynamics. Many-body systems perturbed out of thermal equilibrium are also governed by universal laws, the laws of hydrodynamics (for sufficiently small perturbations ...
3,212,635,538,647
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{intro} Decays of pseudoscalar mesons to light leptons ($P^\pm\to\ell^\pm\nu$, denoted $P_{\ell 2}$ in the following) are suppressed in the Standard Model (SM) by helicity considerations. Specific ratios of leptonic decay rates can be computed very precisely: in particular, the SM p...
3,212,635,538,648
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The strong coupling $\alpha_s$ is a fundamental parameter of QCD and therefore of the Standard Model (SM) of Particle Physics.% \footnote{As is custom in phenomenology, when we generically refer to the strong coupling $\alpha_s$ we actually refer to its value in the $\overline{\rm MS}...
3,212,635,538,649
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Following the first paper of this series \cite{PaperI}, we address discrete systems and differential-difference equations, which have become topics of increasing physical and mathematical importance. The variety of physical applications where such models are relevant, and their significant diffe...
3,212,635,538,650
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Knowledge-based systems are used in AI to model relations among the variables of interest for a particular task, and provide automatic decision support by inference algorithms. This can be achieved by joint probability mass functions. When a subset of variables is observed, \emph{belief updating}...
3,212,635,538,651
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Filtering is now well-established and has proved effective in discrete topology and shape optimization. For a given filter length scale, it should regularize the optimization problem independent of the discretization of the underlying geometry. Together with adjoint-based sensitivity analysis to ...
3,212,635,538,652
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Unification based formalisms show a clear inability to deal in a natural way with phenomena such as the semantics of coordination, quantification scoping ambiguity or bound anaphora. As a matter of fact, although unification can be used to implement a weak form of $\beta$-reduction, it seems tha...
3,212,635,538,653
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The alkali halides are the most simple ionic solids and the study of their elastic properties has revealed useful information about interatomic potentials and forces. Their description in terms of the well known Born model is satisfactory. To the contrary, the silver halides exhibit unusual prop...
3,212,635,538,654
arxiv
\section{Introduction} A common feature of the algebraic constructions which originated from the quantum inverse scattering method is the systematic use of matrices $T$ with noncommutative entries, obeying a relation of the form $$ R\,T_1\,T_2 = T_2\,T_1\,R $$ where the $R$-matrix is a solution of the Yang-Baxter equa...
3,212,635,538,655
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Magnetic fields permeate our universe on various spatial scales \cite{KF}. Spiral galaxies similar to Milky Way host regular magnetic fields of the order of $\mu$G, while distant galaxies exhibit fields of the order of $100~\mu$G \cite{Bernet:2008qp, Wolfe:2008nk}. On cosmological spatial scal...
3,212,635,538,656
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \par Enviromental and economic reasons together with recent technological advances are the primary drivers for high penetration of renewable energy resources (RERs) in power systems \cite{Baros_NG_reliability}, \cite{Baros_NG_conf}, \cite{Baros_DRMM}, \cite{Baros_emerging_control}. Today, renew...
3,212,635,538,657
arxiv
\section{Introduction}\label{sect-intro} In the past three decades, huge progress has been made on our understanding of the early universe, both theoretically and observationally. This is implemented by the inflation theory \cite{Guth:1980zm,Linde:1981mu,Albrecht:1982wi} merging the general relativity and quantum field...
3,212,635,538,658
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Two-dimensional topological insulators (2DTI) have attracted broad interest for novel applications due to their characteristic dissipationless transport properties \cite{RMPSinova2015, JPCLKou2017}. While graphene was the first predicted 2DTI, its topological gap is too small to be observed expe...
3,212,635,538,659
arxiv
\section{References}\therefs} \newcount\nfi \global\nfig = 1 \def{} \def\figcap#1{\eject\centerline{\bf Figure Captions} #1} \def{} \def\fg#1\efig{\vskip .5in\noindent Fig.\ \number\nfig:\ #1% \global\advance\nfig by 1} \newcount\cfla \newcount\nequatio \global\nequation = \def\eqlabel{(1) \def\nexteqno{\ifnum\...
3,212,635,538,660
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro} \IEEEPARstart{S}{teganalysis} aims to reveal covert communication established via steganography. For steganalytic frameworks ``into the wild'', low memory/computational cost, as well as lightweight model size are just as important as high detection performance. For ste...
3,212,635,538,661
arxiv
\section*{Introduction} After its discovery, the redshift of light from far away galaxies was first explained in the context of special relativity and attributed to a Doppler shift caused by an outward flight of the galaxies in a preexisting invariable space. It was first observed by V.~M.~Slipher in the years since 1...
3,212,635,538,662
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The concept of Semantic Web is fast becoming a key instrument in diverse fields since its inception in 2001 through the seminal paper by \citet{Berners-lee2001}. Semantic Web extends the current web infrastructure by transforming the document web to a data web (Web of Data) which is machine read...
3,212,635,538,663
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro} Human pose estimation is a basic problem in computer vision which aims to extract the posture of a person via localizing joints from images. A lot of practical problems, such as smart environments, human-computer interaction \cite{ye2013survey}, augmented reality \cite{marchand...
3,212,635,538,664
arxiv
\section{Introduction} We consider the list decoding of one-point algebraic geometry (AG) codes. \citet{guruswami99} proposed the well-known list decoding algorithm for one-point AG codes, which consists of the interpolation step and the factorization step. The interpolation step has large computational complexity and ...
3,212,635,538,665
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The test ideal of a noetherian local ring is an invariant that helps us determine how singular the ring is. It was originally defined in terms of tight closure for rings of characteristic $p>0$\ \cite{tightclosure,HH94,testidealssurvey}. Later it was proved that the test ideal agrees with a char...
3,212,635,538,666
arxiv
\section{INTRODUCTION} The epoch of cosmic reionization marks one of the major phase transitions of the Universe, during which the neutral intergalactic medium (IGM) was ionized by the first astrophysical objects. Measurements of CMB polarization have shown that reionization began earlier than $z\simeq10.6$ \citep{k...
3,212,635,538,667
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Consider the optimization problem where we seek to minimize the objective function \begin{eqnarray} J(\theta) = \frac{1}{2} \sum_{\ell=1}^L \bigg{(} \left \langle u, m_{\ell} \right\rangle - \left \langle h, m_{\ell} \right\rangle \bigg{)}^2, \label{ObjectivePDEIntro} \end{eqnarray} where $h$ ...
3,212,635,538,668
arxiv
\section{Introduction\label{intro}} Let $(\Lambda; dx)$ be a complete $\sigma $-finite measure space with non-zero measure $dx$, and let $d^{k}x$ be the completion of the product measure $dx^{\otimes k}$ on $\Lambda^{k}$ for $k\in\Bbb{N}$. If $1\leq m\leq N$ are integers, and $u:\Lambda^{m}\rightarrow \Bbb{R}$ ...
3,212,635,538,669
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The groundbreaking successes of deep learning~\citep{krizhevsky2012,sutskever2014sequence,silver2017mastering} have led to ongoing efforts to study the capabilities of neural networks across all scientific disciplines. In the area of physical simulation, neural networks have been used in various...
3,212,635,538,670
arxiv
\section{Parallel collision handling} \label{sec:parallel-contact} We prevent collisions of \abbrev{RBC}s\xspace with other \abbrev{RBC}s\xspace and with the vessel surface $\Gamma$ by solving the \abbrev{NCP}\xspace given in \cref{eq:ncp1,eq:ncp2}. This is a nonsmooth and non-local problem, whose assembly and efficie...
3,212,635,538,671
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro} The compressed sensing theory~\cite{candes2006robust, donoho2006compressed} shows that if a signal is sparse in a certain domain $\Psi$, it can be accurately recovered from a small number of random linear measurements less than that of Nyquist sampling theorem. Mathematically, ...
3,212,635,538,672
arxiv
\section{Introduction} In 1970 Lee and Wick (LW) proposed a finite theory of QED \cite{negmetric,finiteqed}. Just over a year ago, Grinstein, O'Connell and Wise (GOW) \cite{GOW} extended those ideas to non-Abelian gauge theories and chiral fermions and constructed a Lee-Wick Standard Model (LWSM). The essence of the ...
3,212,635,538,673
arxiv
\section{Introduction}\label{Introduction} This paper is centered around three classes of sequences (or subsets) of $\ensuremath{\mathbb Z}$, the additive group of the integers. These are rigidity sequences, Kazhdan sequences (or sets) and nullpotent sequences, \mbox{\it i.e.} sequences which converge to zero with res...
3,212,635,538,674
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:introduction} Recently Haagerup and Larsen \cite{HaagerupLarsen:1999:BrownMeasure} have computed the spectrum and the Brown measure of $R$-diagonal elements in a finite von Neumann algebra, in terms of the distribution of its radial part. The purpose of this paper is to apply free ...
3,212,635,538,675
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Largely triggered by recent experiments on cold atoms \cite{Weiss,Hofferberth,Weiler,Greiner,Sadler}, there has been in the past few years intense theoretical activity aimed at understanding the non-equilibrium dynamics in closed interacting quantum systems following a change in one of the syst...
3,212,635,538,676
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{intro} Recent alternative gravitacional theories involve the idea that the 3-spatial dimensions in which we live could be a 3-spatial-dimensional 'membrane' embedded in a much larger extra dimensional space, and that the hierarchy of interactions is generated by the geometry of the additio...
3,212,635,538,677
arxiv
\subsection*{Acknowledgements}\end{center} Two of us (U.S. and A.A.) wish to thank the Department of Physics at the University of California, Riverside for their hospitality. A.A. also wishes to thank the Australian Department of Immigration for making possible the trip to UCR. This work was supported in part by Depart...
3,212,635,538,678
arxiv
\section{Introduction}\label{intro} There exists persuasive observational evidence for large scale magnetic fields with typical strength of $\mu$Gauss in various cosmic structures from stars to galaxies and galaxy clusters~\cite{Kronberg:1993vk, Pentericci:2000mp, Battaglia:2008ex}. Recently, using Fermi and HESS data...
3,212,635,538,679
arxiv
\section{Introduction} In order to interpret dust continuum emission, for example in ALMA observations showing gaps and rings \citep{ALMAPartnership2015ApJ...808L...3A, Andrews2016ApJ...820L..40A}, we must model planet-disc interactions including multiple species. At any continuum wavelength grains of multiple sizes c...
3,212,635,538,680
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{intro} Inpainting-based compression of images refers to the idea to identify prominent data in an image and to only store this data. All other data is disregarded and, when needed, reconstructed by inpainting. In particular, we will consider edge-based compressed images, where the edg...
3,212,635,538,681
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Among the most precisely measured electroweak observables the electromagnetic coupling constant, $\alpha$, the muon decay constant, $G_\mu$, the anomalous magnetic moment $g-2$, and the ratio of charged to neutral current cross-sections in semi-leptonic neutrino scattering, feature prominently. ...
3,212,635,538,682
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The recent detection of ultrahigh energy cosmic rays (UHE CRs) with energies above $100\,$EeV (Bird et al. 1993, 1994, 1995a; Hayashida et al. 1994; Yoshida et al. 1995) has triggered considerable discussion in the literature on the nature and origin of these particles (Sigl, Schramm, \& Bhattach...
3,212,635,538,683
arxiv
\section{Introduction}\label{sec:intro} \begin{table*} \centering \begin{minipage}{175mm} \caption{Properties of the GTC/CanariCam sample.}\label{table:sample} \begin{tabular}{lcccccccccc} \hline Galaxy & Optical &$b/a$ & z & $D_{\rm L}$ & Scale & IRAS $f_{12\mu{\rm m}}$ & $\log L_{\rm IR}...
3,212,635,538,684
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The chiral quark-soliton model ($\chi$QSM) was developed as a pion mean-field approach to describe the structures of the nucleon~\cite{Diakonov:1987ty,Diakonov:1997sj}. The model was extended to describe also hyperons~\cite{Blotz:1992pw,Praszalowicz:1998jm,Christov:1995vm}. Recently, the model w...
3,212,635,538,685
arxiv
\section*{Introduction} \parindent=0pt We shall be concerned with diverse ways of measuring and bounding the distance between probability measures, and the links between them. We will focus on three main inequalities that we now describe. \begin{itemize} \item A probability measure $\mu$ on $\dR^n$ satisfies a loga...
3,212,635,538,686
arxiv
\section{Introduction} In the classical theory of black-hole there appears a thermodynamical relation among the parameters describing black-holes. We call it black-hole thermodynamics~\cite{Bekenstein}. For example, for a one-parameter family of Schwarzschild black-holes parameterized by their mass $M$, the same r...
3,212,635,538,687
arxiv
\section*{Introduction} \label{sec:intro} \begin{figure*} \centering \includegraphics[width=\textwidth]{Slider.pdf} \caption{\textit{Reynolds' slider. Despite the time-reversal symmetry of the steady Stokes equations, the fore-aft asymmetry of a tilted immersed slider that moves tangentially to a neighbouring ...
3,212,635,538,688
arxiv
\section{Introduction and Setting} We will use the Kunz-Souillard approach to localization for random Schr\"odinger operators to prove that any Jacobi operator can be approximated by some {\it random} Jacobi operator, in operator norm, with purely pure point spectrum, and to also provide examples of Jacobi operators w...
3,212,635,538,689
arxiv
\section{\bf Introduction} \label{s:intro} The inelastic reaction $e^{+} p \rightarrow e^{+} \mbox{J}/\psi X$ in the photoproduction regime ($Q^2 \approx 0$ GeV$^2$, where $Q^2$ is the photon virtuality) is thought to proceed via direct photon-gluon fusion, diffractive proton dissociation or resolved photon processe...
3,212,635,538,690
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Applications in several fields, such as ecology \citep{saito2015should}, biology \citep{rohlf1990extensions}, analytical chemometrics \citep{andrade2004procrustes}, psychometrics \citep{green1952orthogonal,mccrae1996evaluating}, and neuroscience \citep{Haxby} need to compare information described...
3,212,635,538,691
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Backward Stochastic Differential Equations (BSDEs) have been introduced by Pardoux and Peng \cite{parpen90} and share a strong connection with stochastic control problems. Solving a BSDE typically consists in the obtention of an adapted couple process $(Y,Z)$ with the following dynamics: \begin...
3,212,635,538,692
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Data security ensures Confidentiality, Authenticity, and integrity for the documents sent across the network which further arises the availability and classification issues for the documents which compromise the security to a further extent \cite{Saxena,Arora}. This can further lead to trade secr...
3,212,635,538,693
arxiv
\section*{\large Supplemental materials} \label{supp_mat} \renewcommand{\Cornerfignum}{\ref{fig:corner_GW200129}\xspace} \input{supplement_content} \end{document} \section{High spin NR injections} \begin{figure*}[thb] \includegraphics[width=0.49\textwidth]{figs/phi_corner_sxs_0178.pdf} \includegraphics[width=0.4...
3,212,635,538,694
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \indent It is well known that every continuous $p$-adic function on $\Zp$ is uniquely expanded as an interpolation series in terms of the coefficients of Mahler and van der Put. A major task is to characterize $p$-adic functions that have analytic or dynamical features from the perspective o...
3,212,635,538,695
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{S:INTRO} Hawking's celebrated ``singularity'' theorem (see, for example, \cite{rW1984}*{Theorem~9.5.1}) shows that an interestingly large set of initial data for the Einstein-vacuum\footnote{Hawking's theorem also applies to any Einstein-matter system whose energy-momentum tensor v...
3,212,635,538,696
arxiv
\section{Introduction and motivation} \label{Introduction} In day-ahead electricity spot price forecasting there exists a vast range of differently structured models. A recent overview with a classification is given in \cite{weron2014electricity}. Most of the day-ahead electricity spot prices are traded on an hourly ...
3,212,635,538,697
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Factorized cross sections in perturbative QCD separate universal parton densities from process-specific factors that describe the perturbative hard scattering of the partons \cite{CSSrv}. These factors, or hard-scattering functions, may include singular distributions, defined by their integra...
3,212,635,538,698
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The conditions in the inner 3\,pc of the Galaxy are set in large part by the complex interaction of over a dozen strong Wolf-Rayet star winds and the enveloping $50$~km~s$^{-1}$ giant molecular cloud (M-0.02-0.07), combined with the strong gravitational pull of the central supermassive black hol...
3,212,635,538,699
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The many body problem still being to a great deal an unsolved problem, new vistas are welcome. We here present an extension of Self-Consistent RPA \cite{art1} which is based on a fermionic many body wave function being the vacuum to an extended RPA destruction operator. Let us expose the main ...
3,212,635,538,700
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Though the Standard Model (SM) has obtained great success in explaining the phenomena of particle physics, the mass spectra of quarks and leptons still remains a profound mystery. The existence of massive neutrinos is a challenge to SM. To understand the mass spectra and mixing of quarks and lep...
3,212,635,538,701
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro} A magnetic field is visible in many different types of stars. As the most evident example, the Sun shows magnetic activity such as spots, prominences, flares, and mass ejections \citep[e.g.,][]{Solanki06}. The Sun is considered to be prototypical of FGK type main-sequence stars...
3,212,635,538,702
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec_introduction} \noindent By a theorem of Remmert-Narasimhan-Bishop \cite{Bishop:1961,Narasimhan:1960,Remmert:1956}, every Stein manifold of dimension $n$ may be properly holomorphically embedded into ${\mathbb C}^{2n+1}$. (Throughout this paper, all embeddings will be both proper and ho...
3,212,635,538,703
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \setcounter{equation}{0} One of the most intriguing issues of high energy physics is the understanding of the mechanism which provides the masses for the gauge vector bosons. As it is well known the Higgs mechanism, although consistent with the renormalizability and the unitarity constraints ...
3,212,635,538,704
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The concept of phase-space distributions borrowed from Classical Mechanics has been transposed to Quantum Mechanics~\cite{Wigner:1932eb}, where it finds numerous applications~\cite{Balazs:1983hk,Hillery:1983ms, Lee:1995}. Phase-space distributions have also been defined in the context of Relativ...
3,212,635,538,705
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Quantum coherence is of key importance in studying microscopic and mesoscopic quantum systems and in developing quantum devices, including quantum registers in quantum computing~\cite{Nielsen00, Ladd10, Stolze08, Schleich08, Buluta11} and spintronic devices~\cite{Zutic04}. Many methods have be...