uuid
int64
541B
3,299B
dataset
stringclasses
1 value
text
stringlengths
1
4.29M
2,121,713,845,841
arxiv
\section{Introduction} As Bernstein emphasized \cite{Bernstein67}, a great mystery in infant motor development is to understand how they can learn motor skills efficiently given a a complex non-linear body with many degrees of freedoms. Robots face the same problems, and this issue has similarly been the object of man...
2,121,713,845,842
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:introduction} In this paper we first use wavelet analysis to provide a refined almost sure upper bound of fractional Brownian motion (fBm)'s increments, then apply it to study the asymptotic behavior of upper-tail probability for an fBm to first exit from a positive-valued one-sided b...
2,121,713,845,843
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The dynamics of open quantum systems coupled to non-Markovian reservoirs is at the forefront of current interest, as it is relevant to practical as well as to fundamental problems. In that endeavor, one dimensional many-body systems such as quantum spin chains arise in many contexts, as they off...
2,121,713,845,844
arxiv
\section{Introduction} A cosmological gravitational wave background is an important observational target for studying our universe \cite{Romano:2016dpx,Caprini:2018mtu}. It is expected to have a nearly isotropic intensity pattern. We can statistically amplify the background signal by correlating noise independent ...
2,121,713,845,845
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The Incremental Gaussian Mixture Network (IGMN) \cite{heinen2012using,heinen2011igmn} is a supervised algorithm which approximates the EM algorithm for Gaussian mixture models \cite{dempster1977maximum}, as shown in \cite{engel2011incremental}. It creates and continually adjusts a probabilistic ...
2,121,713,845,846
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Holography is a well-established powerful tool for detailed studies of conformal field theories. In general dimension $d$ the CFT is dual to a gravity theory in the $(d+1)$ dimensional bulk, possibly coupled to other bulk fields, whose boundary values are sources of certain operators in the ...
2,121,713,845,847
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{s:Introduction} To browse archived pages from a web archive such as the Internet Archive \cite{carpenter-ndiipp10}, the user begins with the selection of a URI followed by selection of a Memento-Datetime (the datetime the resource was archived). Following these selections, the user ...
2,121,713,845,848
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{introduction} Coordination of multiple robots is required whenever they share their workspace, so it is inevitable for most applications of mobile robotics. This becomes tremendously hard for robots with non-holonomic constraints, i.e. constraints that are not expressible as a function o...
2,121,713,845,849
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The practice of determining galaxy distances from the amplitude of their spatial fluctuations in surface brightness began with the work of Tonry \& Schneider (1988), who developed the method in detail and made its initial application to estimating elliptical galaxy distances. While several art...
2,121,713,845,850
arxiv
\subsection{Edge {Discriminating}} \label{subsec:discriminator} In order to distinguish the homophilic and heterophilic edges, we construct an edge discriminator that learns to estimate the homophily probability of each edge. {Given two adjacent nodes, their homophily probability is essentially related to two cri...
2,121,713,845,851
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{intro} The origin of the quark masses and their mixing angles is still one of the mysteries of the standard model (SM). The great hierarchy of scale between the SM Yukawa couplings should be justified in a fundamental theory. We usually thought about low-energy constants as resulting fro...
2,121,713,845,852
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:introduction} The stellar mass assembly history of a galaxy is one of the key parameters for understanding its formation and evolution processes. An important first step is to understand what the stellar mass of a galaxy is from the observations we take. At optical wavelengths, w...
2,121,713,845,853
arxiv
\section{Algorithm} \label{sec:alg} We now describe our new algorithm, \emph{ILASP2}, capable of computing inductive solutions of any $ILP_{LOAS}$ task, and present its soundness and completeness results with respect to the notion of Learning from Ordered Answer Sets task given in Definition~\ref{def:LOASTheory}. We...
2,121,713,845,854
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \IEEEPARstart{P}{edestrian} identification is becoming increasingly popular within automatic vehicles and the intelligent traffic system (ITS). Most pedestrian identification methods are primarily reliant on video systems \cite{8986832}, but traditional video systems will be severely hampered in...
2,121,713,845,855
arxiv
\section{Conclusion} In this paper, we study the potential use, and benefit, of employing curved spaces for the purpose of visual anomaly or OOD recognition tasks. Our idea is inspired by the observation that curved embedding spaces help better represent `unknown' data in low-shot problems. Our work proposes two novel ...
2,121,713,845,856
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Over the past decades, post-quantum cryptography (PQC) have been drawing more and more attention from the cryptographic community. The most important advantage of PQC is their potential resistance against attacks from quantum computers. In post-quantum cryptography, cryptosystems based on coding...
2,121,713,845,857
arxiv
\section{Introduction} X-rays have long been used as an advanced characterization tool of matter. They are typically used for diffraction, spectroscopy and imaging experiments with high spatial and energy resolutions. These properties have now been exploited for more than a century to achieve a deep understanding of mo...
2,121,713,845,858
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The classical matrix tree theorem, attributed to Kirchhoff \cite{Kirchhoff}, states that the number of spanning trees of an unoriented graph can be acquired directly by computing the cofactors of its Laplacian matrix. An elementary proof of the matrix tree theorem can be found in \cite{Cvetkovic...
2,121,713,845,859
arxiv
\section{INTRODUCTION} \label{sec:intro} In this paper we report on prototyping results for a hybrid full-frame and ``On-Detector Guide Window'' (ODGW) observing mode for Teledyne HAWAII-xRG infrared detectors using a new Generation 4 (Gen-4) controller from Astronomical Research Cameras (ARC)\footnote{http://www.astr...
2,121,713,845,860
arxiv
2,121,713,845,861
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Solving to optimality large size combinatorial optimization problems (COPs) \footnote{An optimization problem consists in minimizing or maximizing a cost function. Without loss of generality, in this paper the minimization case is considered.} using a Branch and Bound algorithm (B\&B) is CPU ti...
2,121,713,845,862
arxiv
\section{Introduction}\label{sec1} Massive multiple-input multiple-output (mMIMO) is a scalable multi-antenna signal transmission and reception technology due to the excess use of service antennas over user antennas. Assuming the mMIMO fading channel to be spatially wide-sense stationary uncorrelated scattering (WSSUS...
2,121,713,845,863
arxiv
\section{Introduction}\label{Intro} The \emph{phase retrieval} problem arises naturally in many applications within a variety of fields in science and engineering. Among these applications are optics \cite{Mill}, astronomical imaging \cite{Dain}, and microscopy \cite{Miao}.\par As an example, let us consider the diff...
2,121,713,845,864
arxiv
\section*{Introduction} \paragraph{Causal maps and random hyperbolic geometry.} \emph{Causal triangulations} were introduced by theoretical physicists Ambj\o rn and Loll \cite{AL98}, and have been the object of a lot of numerical investigations. However, their rigorous study is quite recent \cite{DJW10, CHN17}. They a...
2,121,713,845,865
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Luminous galaxies like the Milky Way can be formed from merging and accretion of numerous low-mass galactic building blocks like dwarf galaxies in hierarchical galaxy formation scenarios based on the cold dark matter cosmology (e.g., White \& Rees 1978). Physical properties of dwarf galaxie...
2,121,713,845,866
arxiv
\section*{Abstract} Determining the distribution of disease prevalence among heterogeneous populations at the national scale is fundamental for epidemiology and public health. Here, we use a combination of methods (spatial scan statistic, topological data analysis, epidemic profile) to study measurable differences in...
2,121,713,845,867
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Calculating the Hausdorff dimension of self-affine sets has been an active area of research since the work of Bedford and McMullen \cite{bed,M}. While a lot of progress has been made in this time there are still several unresolved questions. Papers on Hausdorff dimension of self-affine sets tend...
2,121,713,845,868
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Galactic winds emerging on large scales from galaxies seem to be a ubiquitous phenomenon in the Universe, as has been confirmed by numerous observations (for a recent review see \citet{ru:18}). For example, it has been argued that at redshifts $z \sim 6 - 8$ starburst-driven galactic winds can...
2,121,713,845,869
arxiv
\chapter{Introduction} In two recent papers \doubref\SWa\SWb, Seiberg and Witten have investigated \nex2 supersymmetric $SU(2)$ gauge theories and solved for their exact nonperturbative low energy effective action. Some of their considerations have recently been extended to $SU(n)$ in \doubref\KLTYa\AF. We like to rev...
2,121,713,845,870
arxiv
\section*{Acknowledgements} This research was partially funded by EU-BRA SecureCloud project (EC, MCTIC/RNP, and SERI, 3rd Coordinated Call, H2020-ICT-2015 Grant agreement no. 690111) and by CNPq, Brazil. \section{CONCLUSION} \label{sec:conclusion} Intel SGX has been considered to be one of the most promising TEE t...
2,121,713,845,871
arxiv
\section{Largest fixed point} Let $[n]=\{1,2,\dots,n\}$, and let $\S_n$ denote the set of permutations of $[n]$. Throughout the paper, we will represent permutations using cycle notation unless specifically stated otherwise. Recall that $i$ is a fixed point of $\pi\in\S_n$ if $\pi(i)=i$. Denote by $\D_n$ the set of de...
2,121,713,845,872
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Sustained interest in the development of thulium-doped fiber based technologies is motivated by the numerous applications that benefit from laser sources in the two micron spectral region.\cite{Geng-2014,Jackson-NP-2012} The strong absorption at $\sim$1.93 $\mu$m -- corresponding to the first ov...
2,121,713,845,873
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Throughout their lifetime, massive stars influence their environment by injecting energy and momentum into the surrounding interstellar medium (ISM) via a series of feedback mechanisms, e.g. protostellar outflows, stellar winds, ionising radiation, supernovae (see \citealt{krumholz14} for a revie...
2,121,713,845,874
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Stereo matching is one of the techniques for depth perception of a scene, which is established based on the displacement of the matching points in a binocular camera setup. Given a pair of rectified left/right images, we can compute depth by redirecting to disparity map estimation. Dept...
2,121,713,845,875
arxiv
\section*{Introduction} Associative algebras play an obvious and primary role in algebraic combinatorics. In recent years, the study of natural operations on certain sets of combinatorial objects has given rise to more or less complicated algebraic structures on the vector spaces spanned by these sets. A primordial poi...
2,121,713,845,876
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Noncommutative geometry is a branch of mathematics due to Gel'fand, Naimark, Connes, Rief\/fel and many others~\cite{Connes,Connes1,Connes2}. Physicists in a very short time adopted it and nowadays use this phrase whenever spacetime algebra is noncommutative. There are two such particularly act...
2,121,713,845,877
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Several critical applications rely on \gls{gnss} for their functionality, from autonomous navigation to sensitive infrastructure. However, civilian \gls{gnss} is inherently vulnerable to attacks against its availability (i.e., jamming) or its integrity (i.e., spoofing, forging \gls{gnss} signals ...
2,121,713,845,878
arxiv
\section{Why milli-charged?} Charge quantization is a remarkable feature of the standard model (SM). Stable particles with charge < ~0.3e (quarks already known to have charges of 1/3e and 2/3e) are not part of the predicted and detected flora of particles in the SM. Millicharge particles, if they exist, are invisible...
2,121,713,845,879
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Observable and real-time changes in exoplanetary systems hold important clues for dynamical processes during their birth and long-term evolution, where the number of variable systems is likely to increase owing to large ground- and space-based surveys. Sensitive monitoring of giant planetary ...
2,121,713,845,880
arxiv
\section*{RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS} \subsection*{Third-harmonic generation from a spherical nanoparticle} To gain physical insight, we start with developing the basic analytical tools of the third-harmonic generation, and consider a high-permittivity spherical dielectric particle of radius $a$ and linear refractive i...
2,121,713,845,881
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Over the last years, multi-agent systems have gained a significant amount of attention, due to the advantages they offer with respect to single-agent setups. Robotic manipulation is a field where the multi-agent formulation can play a critical role, since a single robot might not be able to perf...
2,121,713,845,882
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:introduction} Superconductivity or superfluidity require bosonic particles to be in the same energy state; in case of superconductors these bosons are composites of two electrons, so-called Cooper pairs. However, being in the same state is not alone sufficient. The system needs to be ...
2,121,713,845,883
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:Sec1} The future 5G will be the platform that enables the tremendous growth of many industries, ranging from traditional wireless networks, to the car, entertainment, manufacturing, healthcare, and agriculture industries. It is envisioned 5G will provide a common core to support multi...
2,121,713,845,884
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Graphene, which is a two dimensional (2D) crystal made from Carbon, has incredible electronic, optical, and mechanical properties \cite{Novoselov04, Lee08}. However, it is very difficult to grow perfectly flat graphene \cite{meyer07, meyersolid07, stolyarova07, Vinogradov12}. Instead, graphene pr...
2,121,713,845,885
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The cosmic reionization is one of the unexplored frontiers of astrophysics. Currently we have only a few limited observational constraints on the nature of the intergalactic medium (IGM) during this era and the objects that must have formed during it. The major constraints on reionization ...
2,121,713,845,886
arxiv
\section{Introduction} One of the characteristics of a superfluid is the quantization of vortices that are found when sufficient angular momentum is present in the system. Vortices, as a signature of superfluidity, are therefore of great theoretical and experimental interest, and the reader is referred to the recent r...
2,121,713,845,887
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:introduction} The automatic analysis of acoustic scenes requires several functionalities: detection, recognition, localization, separation, enhancement, etc. Usually, these functionalities are handled by different sub-systems. However, we can expect that carrying out some of them joi...
2,121,713,845,888
arxiv
\section{Proof of Lemma~\ref{lem:clockswitch}}\label{app:clockswitch} We recall here the statement of the Lemma, for the reader's convenience. \begin{lemma*} Let $T$ be a $\ensuremath{\mathcal F}_t$-stopping time and $\sigma:\Omega\rightarrow \mathscr{A}^{\mathscr{A}}$ a random bijection which is $\ensuremath{\mathcal...
2,121,713,845,889
arxiv
\section{Introduction\label{sec:Introduction}} \subsection{The set $\text{BA}_{d}$. } The field of Diophantine approximations deals with approximations of real numbers and vectors by rationals, where the idea is to keep the denominators as small as possible. A theorem by Dirichlet implies that for every $v\in\mathbb{...
2,121,713,845,890
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{1} \bigskip Arithmetical studies of noetherian or, more generally, of Mori domains split into two cases. First suppose that the domain is completely integrally closed. Then it is a Krull domain, the monoid of $v$-invertible $v$-ideals is free abelian, and there is a transfer homomo...
2,121,713,845,891
arxiv
\section{Proof of Theorem~\ref{glickthm} (Glicksberg's Theorem)}\label{sec:glickpf} This proof is as in \citet[Lecture 6]{ozdaglar2010game}. We first give a generalised definition of a continuous game. \begin{ctsgame} A \textbf{continuous game} is a game $\langle\mathcal{I}, (S_i),(u_i)\rangle$ where $\mathcal{I}$ is...
2,121,713,845,892
arxiv
\section{introduction} As gravitational interaction is very weak, significant efforts have been made to detect gravitational waves. But, on the other hand, we will be able to get rich information of the universe by observing gravitational waves that directly propagate to us with almost no absorption. Various astrop...
2,121,713,845,893
arxiv
\section{Introduction and the main result} \subsection{Introduction} It is known that the time until a birth and death process $X_{t}$ started at the origin reaches a certain level is distributed as a sum of independent exponential variables whose parameters are the negatives of the non-zero eigenvalues of the gener...
2,121,713,845,894
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Generalizations of the spacetime structure concerning the relationship between the metric and the affine connection have been pursued since after the proposal of general relativity \cite{weyl1}. In the last decades, the extra degrees of freedom of the connection, beyond the Levi-Civita one, have ...
2,121,713,845,895
arxiv
\section{Introduction} In the late seventies the observation of massive OB stars with the first imaging X-ray telescopes identified them as a distinct class of X-ray sources \citep{Seward+79,Harnden+79}. After almost fourty years of studies with telescopes of increasing performances, now it is well known that these ...
2,121,713,845,896
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Acceleration of positron beams is a major challenge for developing a collider using plasma-based acceleration techniques. Hollow-channel plasma is required for a collider-level plasma-based positron acceleration \cite{hollow-channel}. However, no analysis has been done to study the scaling laws o...
2,121,713,845,897
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Solar-like stars show strong dependence of magnetic activity with rotation. This is most clearly seen in the enhancement of X-ray emission \citep[e.g.][]{PMMSBV03,VGJDPMFBC14,RSP14,WD16} for increasing stellar rotation until a plateau in activity is reached. Understanding the overall relation of...
2,121,713,845,898
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \IEEEPARstart{S}{ocial} media usage has been significantly rising over the years. Social networking platforms are now a primary stage for discussion, discourse, opinion and information sharing, recreational activities, etc. As a result, they are extensively used in a variety of domains such as bu...
2,121,713,845,899
arxiv
\section{Introduction} In 2009, the world's largest $\psi^{\prime}$ sample to date was collected at BESIII, allowing more extensive and precise studies of $\psi^{\prime}$ decays. The number of $\psi^{\prime}$ events, $N_{\psi^{\prime}}$, is important in all $\psi^{\prime}$ analyses, including studies both of the direc...
2,121,713,845,900
arxiv
\subsection{Spatial Imputation}\label{subsection:approach_spatial} \input{approach/spatial} \subsection{Time Dimension Regularization}\label{subsection:approach_time} \input{approach/time} \subsection{Validation and Hyperparameters}\label{subsection:validation} \input{approach/validation} \subsect...
2,121,713,845,901
arxiv
\section{Introduction} A central result of classical theories of liquids is that fluid states' structure, dynamics, and statistical properties are determined mainly by short-ranged repulsive forces, while long-range attractions play second fiddle \cite{Bernal1964, Widom1967, Andersen1971, Chandler1983, Berthier2009, Pe...
2,121,713,845,902
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Degenerate reaction diffusion system arises in the mathematical modeling of the various fields of the natural sciences,engineering and economics, for example in gas dynamics, certain biological models, assets pricing in economics, composite media etc. The degeneracy into the model is correspond...
2,121,713,845,903
arxiv
\section{INTRODUCTION} Brightest cluster galaxies (BCGs) are a distinctive population of luminous galaxies located in the central regions of galaxy clusters (and groups). Identification of the BCGs has a long history since 1784. Charles Messier identified a concentration of nebul{\ae} in the Virgo constellation ...
2,121,713,845,904
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Massive galaxy clusters magnify the light from galaxies that serendipitously lie behind them. This natural magnification provides the opportunity to study intrinsically faint high redshift galaxies with a spatial resolution and to surface brightness limits that cannot be attained via conventional...
2,121,713,845,905
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The journal \textit{Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society} (MNRAS) encourages authors to prepare their papers using \LaTeX. The style file \verb'mnras.cls' can be used to approximate the final appearance of the journal, and provides numerous features to simplify the preparation of pa...
2,121,713,845,906
arxiv
\section*{Acknowledgment} This work was supported in part by NTUitive Gap Fund NGF-2016-01-028 and SMART Innovation Grant NG000074-ENG. \IEEEtriggeratref{6} \bibliographystyle{IEEEtran} \section{Conclusions} \label{sec:conclusions} We have proposed a method to determine a near-optimal sequence to visit $n$ targets ...
2,121,713,845,907
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{intro} The LUX-ZEPLIN (LZ) experiment is a direct detection search for cosmic WIMP dark matter particles~\cite{LZ-1,LZ-2}. It is expected to start taking data in 2020. LZ is located in the Davis Cavern at the 4850-foot level of the Sanford Underground Research Facility in Lead, South Dakot...
2,121,713,845,908
arxiv
\section{Introduction:} In the past decades, there has been an increasing interest in the fabrication of smaller and faster electronic devices. Until now, electronics has been mainly developed using inorganic materials, where silicon has played a fundamental role. An example of this interest is the so called Moore's l...
2,121,713,845,909
arxiv
\section{Abstract} \noindent We study the inflation dynamics of generalized dilaton-axion models with a new Fayet-Iliopoulos (FI) term. In particular, we find the relationships between the super-potential parameters and the coefficient of natural logarithm of the real part of dilaton-axion fields stored in the K\"ahler...
2,121,713,845,910
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro} Non-perturbative contributions to a Lagrangian can typically be safely ignored in the weakly coupled regime, as they are completely sub-leading with respect to tree-level and perturbative terms. However, whenever a given coupling is absent at the perturbative level, the non-p...
2,121,713,845,911
arxiv
\section{Introduction and statement of the main theorems} \label{} In \cite{Sch00} Oded Schramm introduced SLE -- a family of random fractal curves parameterized by $\kappa>0$, which are obtained by running Loewner evolution with a speed $\kappa$ Brownian motion as the driving term. Schramm showed that those are ...
2,121,713,845,912
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Current consumer-grade cameras struggle to capture scenes with varying illumination with a single exposure shot due to the inherent limitations of the imaging sensor, which suffers from saturation in high-irradiance regions and from uncertainty in the readings for low-light regions. In recent ye...
2,121,713,845,913
arxiv
\section{Introduction} String topology is the study of algebraic structures on the the free loop space $LM$ of a smooth manifold $M$, as initiated by Chas and Sullivan \cite{ChasSullivan}. In this paper we will consider the following subset of operations on the real or rational (co)homology. First, the BV operator $\De...
2,121,713,845,914
arxiv
\section{Introduction}\label{sec:intro} A comprehensive understanding of quantum matter requires both the knowledge of the respective ground state properties and the accurate description of excitations. In the case of bosonic quantum systems, particularly prominent examples are collective phenomena in ultracold Bose g...
2,121,713,845,915
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The totally asymmetric simple exclusion process (TASEP) is, probably, the simplest model in the kinetic theory of many interacting particles \cite{Lig,Spohn}. Being one of the few exactly solvable models of non-equilibrium statistical mechanics, the TASEP describes a nontrivial evolution of the...
2,121,713,845,916
arxiv
\section{Introduction} A cyclic cover of the projective line is a nonsingular projective curve $\ensuremath{\CC}$ defined over $\mathbb{F}_{p^n}$ by the affine plane model $$\ensuremath{\CC}: y^r = \ensuremath{f}(x),$$ where $\ensuremath{f}$ is a monic, squarefree degree $d$ polynomial and $p$ does not divide $r$. Cou...
2,121,713,845,917
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Any spacelike submanifold $M \subset \tilde{M}$ in a pseudo-Riemannian space form\footnote{In fact, throughout this paper we may substitute space forms by arbitrary pseudo-Riemannian spaces of constant curvature} $\tilde{M}$ induces an orthogonal decomposition $T\tilde{M}|_{M} = TM \...
2,121,713,845,918
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro} These guidelines include complete descriptions of the fonts, spacing, and related information for producing your proceedings manuscripts. Please follow them and if you have any questions, direct them to Conference Management Services, Inc.: Phone +1-979-846-6800 or email to \\\...
2,121,713,845,919
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The studies of ultracold quantum matter in artificially designed external gauge fields is one of the most rapidly developing areas of physics of ultracold atoms \cite{Fetter09,BZD08,Lewenstein07,Nathan-book,Dalibard10}. Originally, these studies arose from investigations related to the response...
2,121,713,845,920
arxiv
\section{INTRODUCTION} Dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) has been widely investigated to generate informative and accurate images \cite{McCollough2015, Hyun2017}. Dual-energy CT (DECT) statistical iterative reconstructions (SIR) have demonstrated their potential to reduce noise and increase accuracy \cite{Zhang20...
2,121,713,845,921
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro} Since the first direct detection, the second-generation gravitational-wave (GW) detectors, Advanced LIGO~\cite{TheLIGOScientific:2014jea} and Advanced Virgo~\cite{TheVirgo:2014hva}, have detected a number of GWs from mergers of compact binaries \cite{LIGOScientific:2018mvr, Abb...
2,121,713,845,922
arxiv
\subsection{General Approach and Intuitions} \label{sec:unweighted:overview} \input{approach} \subsection{Precomputed Distances} In the general precomputation step and the precomputation steps specific to each sub-algorithm, we will use the SSRP algorithm from \cite{GrandoniWilliamsSingleFailureDSO} that has the sam...
2,121,713,845,923
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Looking at People (LAP) is a challenging area of research that deals with the problem of automatically recognizing people in images, detecting and describing body parts, inferring their spatial configuration, performing action/gesture recognition from still images or image sequences, often inclu...
2,121,713,845,924
arxiv
\section{Instrument description} MIRA is a multipurpose instrument that has been in operation at the FRM II since 2004. It utilizes neutrons from the cold source, fed via the $m = 2.0$ neutron guide NL6 to the two beamports MIRA-1 and MIRA-2. The lower cut-off wavelength of the neutron guide NL6 is 2.0~\AA. In the thr...
2,121,713,845,925
arxiv
\section{CKM's Successes in the Last Millenium} \label{INTRO} The quark masses and CKM parameters control a plethora of observables in flavour dynamics; originating from nondiagonal quark mass matrixes, they presumably reflect dynamics at high, possibly even GUT scales. As long as flavour dynamics are described by...
2,121,713,845,926
arxiv
\chapter{Exciton-Plasmon Interactions in Individual Carbon Nanotubes} \setcounter{page}{0} \begin{center} {\huge\textbf{Exciton-Plasmon Interactions in\\[0.25cm] Individual Carbon Nanotubes\footnote{To appear in "Plasmons: Theory and Applications", ed. K.Helsey (Nova Publishers, NY, USA)}}}\\[1.0cm] {\Large \...
2,121,713,845,927
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro} The~problem of~time quantification is vital mainly in~canonical approaches to~quantum gravity, because in~gravitational systems there does not exist a~notion of~time which could be straightforwardly transferred between the~classical and~quantum levels. The~issue of~measuring ti...
2,121,713,845,928
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{intro} For a given complete $n$-dimensional Riemannian manifold $(M, \langle,\rangle)$ with a metric $\langle,\rangle$, the triple $(M, \langle,\rangle, e^{-\phi}d\upsilon)$ is called a smooth metric measure space, where $\phi:M\rightarrow\mathbb{R}$ is a smooth real-valued function on ...
2,121,713,845,929
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Differential cohomology theories provide a geometric refinement of cohomology theories which, intuitively, contain additional differential-geometric information. An important first example is \emph{ordinary differential cohomology} where elements of ordinary cohomology, such as a first Chern cla...
2,121,713,845,930
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:introduction} The phase-response curve (PRC) of a regularly firing neuron quantifies the shift in the next spike time as a function of the timing of a small perturbation delivered to that neuron. The PRC is an important measure for several reasons. First, the ability of neurons to syn...
2,121,713,845,931
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Broad absorption lines (BALs) are present in around 20\% of optically selected quasar spectra, and the intrinsic fraction is likely much higher \citep{Knigge2008}. The blueshift and widths of these lines suggest high-velocity outflows along the line of sight, reaching to several percent of the s...
2,121,713,845,932
arxiv
\section*{Introduction} Strong light-matter interactions between molecular system and the electromagnetic field of an optical cavity provide new opportunities for modifying chemical reactivities and selectivities.\cite{Ebbesen2016_acr,Nori2019,Hirai2020,Herrera2020_1,Xiang2021_jcp,Dunkelberger2022,Li2022} As a hybrid s...
2,121,713,845,933
arxiv
\section{Derivation Details of DMVP} Suppose $r\sim \mathcal N(-\mu, \Sigma), z\sim \mathcal N(0, I), w\sim\mathcal N(\mu, \Sigma-I)$. Then $r=z-w$. \begin{equation} \begin{aligned} &\Phi(0|-\mu, \Sigma)\\ =&P(r\le 0)\\ =&P(z-w\le 0)\\ =&P(z\le w)\\ =&\int_{-\infty}^{+\infty}\int_{-\infty}^w p(z)p...
2,121,713,845,934
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \IEEEPARstart{M}{assive} machine-type communication (mMTC) is one of the most important scenarios for future wireless communications \cite{beyond,UMA}. Unsourced multiple access (UMA), first proposed by Polyanskiy in \cite{Unsourced}, provides a new paradigm for mMTC. Different from traditiona...
2,121,713,845,935
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro} In a paper published in this journal Figueiredo Medeiros and Becerra de Mell \cite{FB12} analyze the relativistic quantum motion of charged spin-0 and spin-$\frac{1}{2}$ particles in the presence of a uniform magnetic field and scalar potentials in the cosmic string spac...
2,121,713,845,936
arxiv
\section{Introduction} We study nonautonomous evolution equations \begin{equation}\label{eq.nee} \left\{ \begin{array}{rlll} \partial_t u(t,x) & = & \mathscr{A} (t)u(t,x)\,, & (t,x) \in (s, 1]\times \mathbb{R}^d\,,\\[1mm] u(s,x) & = & f(x)\,, & x \in \mathbb{R}^d\, , \end{array}\right. \end{equation} where the operat...
2,121,713,845,937
arxiv
\section{Introduction and preliminary results} In the statistical analysis for efficient detection of signal components when missing data samples are present developed by LJ. Stankovi\'c, S. Stankovi\'c and M. Amin in \cite{ssa} (cf. \cite{sso} and \cite{sdsv}), a cruciaal role plays a class of complex-valued...
2,121,713,845,938
arxiv
\section{Conclusion} We present the conditional directed graph convolution for 3D human pose estimation from monocular videos. The employed directed graph representation can better model the articulated hierarchy of human skeletons than the undirected graph. Moreover, we present a novel conditional connection mech...
2,121,713,845,939
arxiv
\section{introduction} In accessing dense neutron-star matter in terms of a topology change for the putative hadron-quark continuity, it was discovered in 2011~\cite{LPR-cusp} that a cusp is present in the nuclear symmetry energy $E_{\rm sym}$ at a density $\sim (2-3)$ times the normal nuclear matter density $n=n_0\s...
2,121,713,845,940
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro} The remarkable development of helioseismology techniques has enabled the study of the internal rotation of the Sun. The rich and complex findings \citep{Howe2009} were very surprising, as most investigators expected a barotropic pattern of differential rotation fixed on cylinde...