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2,877,628,091,254 | arxiv | \section{introduction}
The observation of the accelerated expansion of the universe
\cite{Obs} boosted the studies on an old cosmological problem, namely,
cosmological constant problem \cite{Weinberg}. The standard explanation
for the accelerated expansion of the universe is a positive definite
cosmological consta... |
2,877,628,091,255 | arxiv | \chapter*{Abstract}
\thispagestyle{empty}
The flavour puzzle is an open problem both in the Standard Model and in its possible supersymmetric or grand unified extensions. In this thesis, we discuss possible explanations of the origin of fermion mass hierarchies and mixings by the use of non-Abelian discrete flavour sy... |
2,877,628,091,256 | arxiv |
\section{Summary}
\subsection{The Problem: High DRAM Latency} \label{sec:problem}
Primarily due to its low cost-per-bit, DRAM has long been the choice substrate
for architecting main memory subsystems. In fact, DRAM's cost-per-bit has been
decreasing at a rapid rate as DRAM process technology scales to integrat... |
2,877,628,091,257 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
A central result in the theory of equilibrium black holes in four and higher dimensions is the rigidity theorem~\cite{Hawking:1971vc, Hollands:2006rj, Moncrief:2008mr}. This states that the event horizon of a stationary, rotating, black hole is a Killing horizon with respect to the Killing field
... |
2,877,628,091,258 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In three groundbreaking articles \cite{FreedHopkinsTelemanI:2011, FreedHopkinsTelemanII:2013, FreedHopkinsTelemanIII:2011} Freed, Hopkins and Teleman proved a close connection between the Verlinde algebra of a compact Lie group $G$ and its twisted equivariant $K$-theory, where $G$ acts on itself ... |
2,877,628,091,259 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The Casimir force was originally derived by estimating the zero-point
energy (vacuum fluctuations) of the electromagnetic field comprised
in-between two ideal, perfectly reflecting, semi-infinite metals (two
halves of space) separated by distance $d$.\cite{key-1} As it is
well-known, it goes lik... |
2,877,628,091,260 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Techniques are being developed by several groups to
use high energy neutrinos
as a probe for the highest
energy phenomena observed in the Universe. Neutrinos yield information
complementary to that obtained from observations of high energy
photons and charged particles
since they interact only... |
2,877,628,091,261 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The study of asymptotic properties lies at the heart of Banach space theory. It is intertwined with other central notions of Banach spaces, e.g., distortion, bounded linear operators, and metric embeddings. There exists a wide plethora of examples that demonstrate deep connections between each of... |
2,877,628,091,262 | arxiv | \section*{Introduction}
A classical result of Thom states that the topological signature of
the boundary of a compact manifold with boundary vanishes. Regarding the
signature as the index of an elliptic operator, Atiyah and Singer \cite{as}
generalized this vanishing to the so-called twisted signatures.
The cobordis... |
2,877,628,091,263 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\medskip
\par
There exists a strong analogy between the properties of black holes and
conventional thermodynamical systems \cite{thermo}. In this analogy the entropy
of the black hole is directly proportional to the surface area of its
event horizon and literature refers to this quantity as th... |
2,877,628,091,264 | arxiv | \section{Motivation}
Many computerized methods for RNA-RNA interaction structure
prediction have been developed. Recently, $O(N^6)$ time and $O(N^4)$
space dynamic programming algorithms have become available that
compute the partition function of RNA-RNA interaction complexes.
However, few of these methods incorporate... |
2,877,628,091,265 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
For practical deployment of convolutional neural networks (CNNs), it is important to consider different hardware budgets \cite{dc,han2020ghostnet,han2020model,mobilenetv2}, to name a few, floating point operations (FLOPs), latency, memory footprint and energy consumption. One way to simultaneous... |
2,877,628,091,266 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}
Verification is a fundamental aspect of modern electronic design. Without a high level of assurance that a circuit design conforms to a particular specification, chip makers stand to lose hundreds of millions of dollars when their product is inevitably recalled. The consequences in the quantum... |
2,877,628,091,267 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
An indispensable step in planet formation is to build planetesimals---super-kilometer objects bound by self-gravity---in protoplanetary disks \citep{Chiang2010, Johansen2014}. One of the compelling pathways to planetesimal formation is the efficient concentration of solids by ... |
2,877,628,091,268 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The computation of residual gas particle (RGP) density profiles in particle accelerators is an essential task to optimize beam pipes and vacuum system design. In the last two decades, some software have been developed \cite{ady2014introduction,rossi2004vasco}. They have been used for most of the ... |
2,877,628,091,269 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\hspace*{.4cm} At the beginning of the $20^{th}$ century, the importance of
geometry in physical applications has been illuminated by Albert
Einstein. He has advocated a new philosophy known as ``The
Geometerization Philosophy". This philosophy can be summarized in
the following statement:... |
2,877,628,091,270 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{S:1}
Let $D\subset \mathbb{R}^3$ be a bounded domain with a connected smooth boundary $S$,
$D':= \mathbb{R}^3\setminus D$, $k^2=const>0$ is the wave number, $\omega>0$ is frequency,
the boundary impedance $\zeta=const$, Re $\zeta\ge 0$, $\epsilon>0$ and $\mu>0$ are dielectric and magnetic... |
2,877,628,091,271 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
Intelligent personal assistants such as Apple's Siri, Microsoft's Cortana, or Google Now are commonly used for answering questions and task optimization. Many companies are deploying specialized automated assistants, known as Intelligent Virtual Agents (IVAs), for efficient pr... |
2,877,628,091,272 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
General relativity and the standard model of particle physics depend on a number of independent numerical parameters that determine the strengths of the different forces and the relative masses of all known fundamental particles. There is no theoretical explanation of why they have the values ... |
2,877,628,091,273 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Controlling collisions and scattering has always played an essential role in physics. Thanks to model experiments ranging from collisions of alpha particles with gold foils, conducted more than a century ago \cite{rutherford1911lxxix,geiger1909diffuse}, to high energy collisions between hadrons... |
2,877,628,091,274 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Nonequilibrium transport in spin-degenerate superconductors has been investigated intensely in the 1970s and 80s \cite{langenberg1986}. In the spin-degenerate case, the nonequilibrium distribution function is characterized by the two-fold particle-hole degree of freedom, described by a ``longitu... |
2,877,628,091,275 | arxiv | \section{Introduction to CCO Pulsars}
The discovery in recent years of many isolated neutron stars (NSs) at
the centers of supernova remnants (SNRs) confirms the long-held notion
that these ultra-dense stellar remnants are born in supernova
explosions \cite{baa34}. Most NSs are identified as
pulsars, whose emission d... |
2,877,628,091,276 | arxiv | \section{Concluding remarks}
\label{chap:conclusion}
In this paper, we propose a decentralized online algorithm for optimizing convex and monotone continuous DR-submodular functions with regret and $\parenthese{1-\frac{1}{e}}$-regret bound of $O(T^{4/5})$. The extension of the algorithm to the bandit setting ensure... |
2,877,628,091,277 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\begin{definition}
Let $M^n$ and $P^{n+k}$ be smooth manifolds and $f:M^n \to P^{n+k}$ a smooth ($\mathcal C^\infty$-) map. $f$ is called a \emph{corank $1$ map} if $\rk df_x \geq n-1$ for all $x \in M^n$. A stable corank $1$ map is called a \emph{Morin map}.
\end{definition}
\begin{defin... |
2,877,628,091,278 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Felix Klein's Ping Pong Lemma is a widely used criterion for determining if a collection of group elements generate a non-abelian free subgroup and more generally, for constructing subgroups which are non-trivial free products.
In this paper, we employ the ping pong lemma in the setting of ... |
2,877,628,091,279 | arxiv | \section{Introduction} \label{sec1}
Let $\mathbb{K}$ be a field and $S = \mathbb{K}[x_1,\ldots,x_n]$ be the
polynomial ring in $n$ variables over $\mathbb{K}$. Computing and finding bounds for the depth (or equivalently, projective dimension) of homogenous ideals of $S$ and their powers have been studied by sever... |
2,877,628,091,280 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In this work, we study the following class of fractional magnetic Schr\"{o}dinger equations
\begin{equation}\label{problem}
(-\Delta)_{A}^{s}u+V(x)u=g(\vert u\vert^{2})u+\lambda\vert u\vert^{q-2}u, \quad \mbox{in } \mathbb{R}^{N}, \tag{$P_{\lambda,A}$}
\end{equation}
where $\lambda$ is ... |
2,877,628,091,281 | arxiv | \section{Introduction} \label{sec:introd}
Continuous cohomology ${\rm H}_{\rm c}^{\scriptstyle \bullet}$ is an invariant of topological groups, defined in an analogous fashion to the ordinary group cohomology, but with the additional assumption that cochains---with values in a topological group-module as coefficient s... |
2,877,628,091,282 | arxiv | \section*{\refname
\@mkboth{\MakeUppercase{\refname}}{\MakeUppercase{\refname}}}
}
\makeatother
\newcommand{\algrule}[1][.2pt]{\par\vskip.5\baselineskip\hrule height #1\par\vskip.5\baselineskip}
\renewcommand{\paragraph}[1]{\vspace*{1em} \noindent {\sc #1.}}
\newcommand{\mathit{D}}{\mathit{D}}
\newcommand{\mathi... |
2,877,628,091,283 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:Intro}
Data assimilation is a term used in the geophysical community to describe efforts to improve our knowledge of a system by combining incomplete observations with imperfect models~\cite{Apte2008}. Data assimilation is important in many fields of engineering and geophysical applica... |
2,877,628,091,284 | arxiv | \section{Motivation and Results}
Nature prefers Yang-Mills theory in exactly $1+3$ dimensions. There has been much recent interest in a mathematically exceedingly rich four-dimensional Yang-Mills model, the nearly unique ${\cal N}=4$ supersymmetric theory \cite{Brink:1976bc,Gliozzi:1976qd}. In addition to its gauge an... |
2,877,628,091,285 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Zeolites are an important family of materials with periodic arrays of aluminosilicate cages that are widely used in different industrial processes.
Moreover, they also show interesting electronic phenomena when intercalated with alkali metals\cite{Breck_DW_1973} associated with the electronic... |
2,877,628,091,286 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\begin{figure}[htbp]
\centering
\includegraphics[width=0.5\textwidth]{bodewadtha.eps}
\caption{B\"{o}dewadt-Hartmann Configuration.}
\label{bodew_ha}
\end{figure}
We are concerned here with the interaction of a vortex with a plane surface
in the presence of an imposed magnetic fi... |
2,877,628,091,287 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}
Deep neural network have become a widely used model for machine learning, achieving state-of-the-art results on many tasks. The most common task these models are used for is to perform classification, as in the case of convolutional neural networks (CNNs) used to classify images to a semantic ca... |
2,877,628,091,288 | arxiv |
\section{Experimental setup}
\subsection{Description of the apparatus}
\noindent
Our cryogenic nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) setup is inside a liquid helium (LHe) bath cryostat with a solenoidal superconducting magnet (Cryomagnetics, Inc. Model 90-300-010), Fig.~\ref{fig:setup1}. The apparatus is built around ... |
2,877,628,091,289 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{introduction}
Graph matching is widely used in a wide range of computer vision and pattern recognition tasks~\cite{[2002-Belongie-pami],[2011-Duchenne],[2012-Yao-eccv],[2016-Shen-eccv],[2016-Garro-pami],[2017-Pinheiro],[Xue2018]} to find correspondence between two graph-structured feature s... |
2,877,628,091,290 | arxiv | |
2,877,628,091,291 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}
The charged particle transverse momentum (\pt) spectrum is an important observable for understanding the fundamental
quantum chromodynamic (QCD) interactions involved in proton-proton collisions.
While the energy dependence of the bulk of particle production with \pt\ below a few
\ensuremath{{\... |
2,877,628,091,292 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Many physical systems in science and engineering are described by partial differential equations (PDEs). This study investigates the performance of recurrent and convolutional deep neural networks to model such phenomena. Accurately predicting the evolution of such systems is usually done throug... |
2,877,628,091,293 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The ordered phase of electrons, where electrons localize themselves in a particular period or lattice, such as the skyrmion lattice or the Wigner lattice, has attracted considerable interest\cite{GST05,KLM14,DLP16,JDL18}. The existence of ordered phase in a two-dimensional (2D) system has been su... |
2,877,628,091,294 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
A \emph{tile} is a finite non-empty subset of $\mathbb{Z}^n$ for some $n$. We say that a tile $T$ \emph{tiles} $\mathbb{Z}^d$ if $\mathbb{Z}^d$ can be partitioned into copies of $T$, that is, subsets that are translations, rotations or reflections, or any combination of these, of $T$.
For e... |
2,877,628,091,295 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The classification of sensor data through Deep Learning approaches is a well-researched topic within the scientific community, alas still being in its early phases. While some standardised workflows exist and a state-of-the-art has been accomplished and still evolves, there usually remain parts f... |
2,877,628,091,296 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\setcounter{equation}{0}
It is known \cite{Tha92} that the free Dirac Hamiltonian $H_m$ acting in the Hilbert space
$\mathcal H:=\mathsf{L}^{\:\!\!2}(\mathbb R^3;\mathbb C^4)$ is unitarily equivalent to the operator $h(P)\oplus-h(P)$, where
$P:=-i\nabla$ and $\mathbb R^3\ni\xi\mapsto h(\xi):=(\x... |
2,877,628,091,297 | arxiv | \section*{Results}
{\bf Quantum estimation theory}
Fisher information (FI) provides an asymptotic measure of the amount of information on the parameters of a system that is acquired by performing a measurement on it. For parameters $\boldsymbol{\lambda}$, in terms of the probabilities associated to the measurement re... |
2,877,628,091,298 | arxiv | \section{INTRODUCTION}
The existence of positive entire solutions for the coupled nonlinear systems
\begin{equation}
\left\{
\begin{array}{l}
\Delta _{\phi _{1}}u+\sigma _{1}\left( \left\vert x\right\vert \right) \phi
_{1}(|\nabla u|)\left\vert \nabla u\right\vert =p_{1}(\left\vert
x\right\vert )f_{1}(u,v)\t... |
2,877,628,091,299 | arxiv | \section{Introduction and main result}
The concept of Poissonian pair correlations has its origin in quantum mechanics, where the spacings of energy levels of integrable systems were studied. See for example \cite{not9} and the references therein for detailed information on that topic. Rudnik and Sarnak first studied t... |
2,877,628,091,300 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In this paper, we study the moduli space of logarithmic connections of rank $2$ on $\mathbb{P}^1 \setminus \{ t_1, \dots, t_n \}$ with fixed spectral data.
These moduli spaces have been studied from various points of view.
For example, they occur as spaces of initial conditions for Garnier sys... |
2,877,628,091,301 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{intro}
In this paper we discuss the relation between the chiral symmetry breaking
in the two-dimensional 't Hooft model \cite{tHoof1}
and the heavy-light meson mass spectrum.
The action of the version of the 't Hooft model we will consider
is
\beq
S = \int d^2 x\left[ -\frac{1}{4} G... |
2,877,628,091,302 | arxiv | \section{introduction}
Using the quantum field theory in curved spacetime, Hawking \cite{hawking1}
found that the collapsing black hole will lead, at late times, to a radiation
of particles in all modes of the quantum field, with characteristic thermal
spectrum at a temperature $1/8\pi M$. It is generally believed that... |
2,877,628,091,303 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
This paper deals with the initial-value problem for a coupled system of generalized Korteweg–de Vries (gKdV) equation
\begin{equation}\label{p01}
\left\{\begin{array}{l}
u_{t}+\partial_{x}^{3} u+\partial_{x}\left(u^{p} v^{p+1}\right)=0 \\
v_{t}+\partial_{x}^{3} v+\partial_{x}\left(u^{p+1} ... |
2,877,628,091,304 | arxiv |
\subsection{MIT Push Dataset}
The experiments are conducted as following. For a certain object, material, COM and pushing side setting, a total of around 20 straight push trajectories are used to test online learning. The 20 trajectories consist of different pushing points and pushing angles. For offline training,... |
2,877,628,091,305 | arxiv | \section{Introduction and main results}\label{section:intro}
Given a bounded Lipschitz planar domain $\Omega \subset \bb{R}^2$, a Riemmanian manifold $\mathcal N \subset \bb{R}^\nu$, and $g \in W^{\sfrac{1}{2},2}(\partial \Omega,\mathcal N)$, a minimizing $2$-harmonic map $u \in W^{1,2}(\Omega,\mathcal N) \doteq... |
2,877,628,091,306 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\typeout{SET RUN AUTHOR to \@runauthor}
\section{Introduction}
PKS 2155-304 is the archetypical X-ray-selected BL Lac object (XBL). It is one of the
brightest BL Lacs at x-ray through optical wavelengths where it has a relatively featureless
continuum and displays rapid, large amplitude varia... |
2,877,628,091,307 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Geometric topology is an inherently algorithmic subject, with
fundamental questions such as the \emph{homeomorphism problem}
(find an algorithm to determine whether two given spaces
are topologically equivalent) and the \emph{identification problem}
(find an algorithm to determine the topologica... |
2,877,628,091,308 | arxiv | \section{Introduction and Main Result}
Let $\mathcal{A}$ denote the class of all normalized analytic functions $f$ in the open unit disk
${\mathbb D}:=\{z\in\mathbb{C}:\,|z|<1\}$, i.e. $f$ has the Taylor series expansion
\begin{equation}\label{sec1-eqn1}
f(z)=z+\sum_{n=2}^\infty a_n z^n.
\end{equation}
The Taylor poly... |
2,877,628,091,309 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\IEEEPARstart{D}{ue} to the rapid proliferation of mobile phones, tablets, and other handheld devices, an increasing traffic demand is observed worldwide. This drastically increasing capacity demand has driven the evolution of cellular networks from macro base stations (BSs) deployment to small,... |
2,877,628,091,310 | arxiv | \section{Background}
The volumetric water content (VWC) of soil, often represented as
$\Theta$, is defined as the ratio of the volume of the water in the
soil to the volume of the soil plus water:
\begin{equation}
\Theta = \frac{V_{water}}{V_{wet soil}}
\end{equation}
It is measured in units of $cm^3/cm^3$. The ... |
2,877,628,091,311 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:1}
Hypothesis testing is the task of assigning one of a discrete set of models to describe an observed system.
Measurements on quantum systems have random outcomes and the discrimination of two hypotheses $h_0$ and $h_1$ is a statistical inference problem. Viz. there is a probability $... |
2,877,628,091,312 | arxiv | \section{Introduction and Overview}
In this contribution I review the properties of the
hot, X-ray emitting gas in elliptical galaxies. The
investigation of elliptical galaxies using X-ray observations is a
less mature and more volatile field than its radio and optical counterparts;
however, X-ray studies provide uni... |
2,877,628,091,313 | arxiv | \section{Preamble}
In 2008, I submitted a short semi-technical paper \cite{sayir2008} to
the IT transactions on the
occasion of James L.~Massey's $75^{th}$ birthday. One aim
of the paper was to please Jim who often expressed his liking
for conceptual papers with simple technical content.
Although the paper was dropp... |
2,877,628,091,314 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Abelian equivalence of words has long been a subject of great interest (see for instance Erd\"os problem, \cite{CRSZ, CovHed, CurRam2009, Dekking1979, Keranen1992ICALP, PZ, RSZ1, RSZ2, aleksi}). Given a finite non-empty set $A,$ let $A^*$ denote the set of all finite words over $A.$ T... |
2,877,628,091,315 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Spacecraft immersed within a plasma will become electrically charged due to currents of incident electron and ion species \citep{Whipple81,Garrett81}. When the net current induced by these species are not zero, net charge is accumulated and there is a potential difference between the spacecraft... |
2,877,628,091,316 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In nuclear physics, there is a hierarchy of Effective Field Theories (EFTs)
which all describe nuclear phenomena at
a certain resolution scale (for reviews see, e.g.,
Refs.~\cite{Bedaque:2002mn,Epelbaum:2008ga,Hammer:2019poc}.)
Pionless EFT describes the interactions of individual nucleons
at ... |
2,877,628,091,317 | arxiv | \section{Time and Causal Sets}
Did time ever begin? It is hard to decide which answer is more unsettling: the idea of an infinite past with no beginning or the concept of such a beginning---the birth of the Universe.
Stephen Hawking proved that General Relativity (GR) breaks down at a Big Bang singularity, but left op... |
2,877,628,091,318 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Isolated quantum systems are expected to approach thermal equilibrium after sufficiently long times and much of current research focuses on understanding the conditions for this to happen as well as the details of the process of thermalization~\cite{Gogolin2016}. From this point of view, quantum ... |
2,877,628,091,319 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In studies of neutron stars, the fundamental role is played by
the equation of state (EoS) for dense nuclear matter.
The observed masses of neutron stars J1614$-$2230~\cite{Demorest10},
J0348+0432~\cite{Antoniadis13} and J0740+6620~\cite{Cromartie2020}
are given as $(1.97\pm0.04)M_{\odot}... |
2,877,628,091,320 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Observations of low surface brightness galaxies and dwarf galaxies
indicate that the cores of galactic halos have shallow density
profiles \citep{dal97,swt00} instead of central cusps
predicted by cold dark matter (CDM) \citep{nfw97}.
In addition, the number density of dwarf
galaxies in Local Gr... |
2,877,628,091,321 | arxiv | \section{introduction}
The polarizability of molecules and nano-structures is an important property determining the assembly and behavior of solids and liquids composed of well-defined building blocks. In addition, molecular polarizabilities play a key role in vibrational spectroscopy, e.g. in the calculation of R... |
2,877,628,091,322 | arxiv | \section{References}
|
2,877,628,091,323 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{section1}
The study of geometric aspects of value distribution theory of complex analytic mappings has achieved many important
advances. One of the most brilliant results in the study is to give a geometric interpretation of the precise maximum
for the number of exceptional values of... |
2,877,628,091,324 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
It is by and large recognized that the key properties of high-temperature superconducting materials
can be explained with the help of the two-dimensional $t$--$J$ model.\cite{spalek,pwa,zr} Therefore,
the major interest is
focused on this model in the regime that seems to be relevant to high-t... |
2,877,628,091,325 | arxiv | \section*{Acknowledgments}}
\newcommand{\references}{
\section*{References}}
\newcommand{\mathcal{H}}{\mathcal{H}}
\newcommand{\Reof}[1]{\mathfrak{Re}(#1)}
\newcommand{\Imof}[1]{\mathfrak{Im}(#1)}
\newcommand{\modulo}[1]{\quad (\textrm{mod}\ #1 )}
\newcommand{\atopp}[2]{\genfrac{}{}{0pt}{}{#1}{#2}}
... |
2,877,628,091,326 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In quantum mechanics, a quantum system is
associated with a separable complex Hilbert space $H$, i.e.,
the state space. A quantum state is described as a density operator
$\rho\in{\mathcal T}(H)\subseteq{\mathcal B}(H)$ which is positive
and has trace 1, where ${\mathcal B}(H)$ and ${\... |
2,877,628,091,327 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The aim of the "fastNLO" project is to make the inclusion of jet data
into global fits of parton density functions (PDFs) feasible.
Due to the prohibitive computing time required for the jet cross sections
using standard calculation techniques,
jet data have either been omitted in these fits... |
2,877,628,091,328 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
It has been known for a long time that two-nucleon ($N\!N$) scattering
at very low energies can be described by the effective range
expansion~\cite{Bethe:1949yr}, from which deuteron and $^1S_0$ virtual state
properties emerge without information about details of the strong
interaction~\cite{... |
2,877,628,091,329 | arxiv | \section{Introduction and main results}
Throughout this paper, we assume that the reader have a knowledge of the fundamental results and the standard notations of the Nevanlinna value distribution theory. See(\cite{h3,y1,y2}). In the following, a meromorphic function $f$ means meromorphic in the whole complex plane. ... |
2,877,628,091,330 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The Peccei-Quinn solution to the strong CP problem requires the existence of a pseudo-scalar Goldstone boson called an \textit{axion}\cite{Peccei1977}. The axion is a strongly motivated particle beyond the Standard Model and is also a plausible candidate for cold dark matter\cite{Preskill1983, Ab... |
2,877,628,091,331 | arxiv | \section*{Acknowledgements}
The work of JA is partially supported by Fondecyt 1010967, Ecos-Conicyt C01E05 and Secretaria de Estado de Universidades e
Investigaci\'on SAB2003-0238(Spain). He wants to thank A.A. Andrianov for several useful remarks; and interesting
conversations with H.A. Morales-T\'ecotl, L.F.Urruti... |
2,877,628,091,332 | arxiv | \section{Introduction} \label{sec1}
Earth based neutrino oscillation experiments \cite{Abe:2013hdq, Ahn:2012nd, Abe:2012tg, An:2012eh, Araki:2004mb, Adamson:2008zt, Fukuda:1998mi, Ahmad:2002jz} have confirmed that neutrinos are massive, which is the first known departure from the Standard Model of particle physics wher... |
2,877,628,091,333 | arxiv | \section{Evolution of Quantum Systems by Graphic Representation of States}
We explore the main processes involved in the evolution of general quantum systems by means of \textit{Diagrams of States}. The representation by diagrams of states is a novel method to graphically represent and analyze how quantum information... |
2,877,628,091,334 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Affect recognition based on a subject’s facial expressions has been a topic of major research in the attempt to generate machines that can understand the way subjects feel, act and react.
The problem of affect analysis and recognition constitutes a key issue in behavioural modelling, human com... |
2,877,628,091,335 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
One approach to investigate the physical processes in active galactic nuclei (AGN) at scales not
reachable by present-day telescopes is to study the correlation between radiative energy in different frequencies. \citet{arshakian10} (hereafter A10) investigated the radio-optical ... |
2,877,628,091,336 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\subsection{Background}
For a prime $p$ and an integer $u$ with $\gcd(u,p)=1$
the {\it Fermat quotient\/} $q_p(u)$ is defined as the unique integer
with
$$
q_p(u) \equiv \frac{u^{p-1} -1}{p} \pmod p, \qquad 0 \le q_p(u) \le p-1,
$$
and we also define
$$
q_p(kp) = 0, \qquad k \in {\mathbb Z}... |
2,877,628,091,337 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
More than $3,500$ exoplanets have been discovered over the last 25 years \citep{Schneider2011}\footnote{From \url{http://www.exoplanet.eu}, as of 26 September 2016.}. This has allowed us to compare the observed exoplanet populations with formation theories and evolutionary models \citep[e.g.,][]... |
2,877,628,091,338 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Homogenization problems have been studied for many years for both their intrinsic mathematical interest and the many applications in different sciences (e.g. the study of heterogeneous media). In particular stochastic homogenization arises whenever
at the microscopic level the system depends on... |
2,877,628,091,339 | arxiv |
\section{#1}}
\newcommand\id[1][]{\ensuremath{\mathrm{id}_{#1}}}
\def{\textstyle \bigotimes}{{\textstyle \bigotimes}}
\newcommand\sxleftarrow[1]{\xleftarrow{\smash{#1}}}
\newcommand\sxrightarrow[1]{\xrightarrow{\smash{#1}}}
\newcommand\xto[1]{\xrightarrow{#1}}
\newcommand\sxto[1]{\sxrightarrow{#1}}
\renewcommand{\-}[0... |
2,877,628,091,340 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Let $(R,{\mathfrak m})$ be a local ring containing a field of positive characteristic $p>0$. If $I$ is an ideal in $R$, then $I^{[q]}=(i^q: i \in I)$, where $q=p^e$ is a power of the characteristic. Let $R^{\circ} = R \setminus \cup P$, where $P$ runs over the set of all minimal primes of $R$. ... |
2,877,628,091,341 | arxiv | \section{INTRODUCTION}
The ATLAS collaboration consists of around 1900 scientific authors, from 165
institutes in 35 countries. The detector is roughly cylinder-shaped with
a height of 46$\,\mathrm{m}$ and 25$\,\mathrm{m}$ in diameter. It is installed in a cavern 92$\,\mathrm{m}$ below
ground at CERN. A 'ship-in-a-... |
2,877,628,091,342 | arxiv | \part{Background material}
\input{2._review1}
\input{2._review2}
\input{2._review3}
\input{2._review4}
\input{2._setting}
\input{3._endom-action_1}
\input{3._endom-action_2}
\input{3._endom-action_3}
\part{Determining the trivial relations}
\input{4._local_monodromy_and_polarization}
\inp... |
2,877,628,091,343 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Magnets with geometrical frustration\cite{moessner:06pt} have
received much attention as models of strongly interacting electronic
systems with unusual ground states, thermodynamic phases, and
excitations. The hallmark of strong frustration is a conspicuously
large degeneracy of the classical gr... |
2,877,628,091,344 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Let $G$ be an abelian group and $A$ be a subset of $G$. We use
$S_A$ to denote the collection of all subset sums of $A$
$$S_A:= \{\sum_{a \in B} a| B \subset A, |B| < \infty \}. $$
\noindent We will keep this notation when $A$ is sequence of (not
necessarily different) elements of $A$. In this ... |
2,877,628,091,345 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Recent rapid advances in image manipulation tools and deep image synthesis techniques have made generating fake videos easy. In addition, with the spread of SNS, the existence of fake videos has become a major threat to the credibility of the international community. Accordingly, detecting tamper... |
2,877,628,091,346 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Recent research on language modeling has found that a language model that incorporates explicit notions of hierarchical syntactic structures, Recurrent Neural Network Grammars \citep[RNNGs]{dyer-etal-2016-recurrent}, achieves better perplexity \citep{dyer-etal-2016-recurrent,kim_2019}, systema... |
2,877,628,091,347 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The problem of determining whether a random graph contains a Hamilton cycle, i.e. a cycle passing through every vertex exactly once, dates back to the inception of the study of random graphs. In 1960, Erd\H{o}s and R\'enyi asked whether their eponymous random graph $G_{n, p}$, obtained by includ... |
2,877,628,091,348 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Microscopic swimmer suspensions constitute an interesting playground for non-equilibrium physics. Energy is continuously taken from the nutrients dissolved in the solution and used to produce directed motion. As an effect of the mutual interaction, swimmers present coherent motion with features ... |
2,877,628,091,349 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Cosmological inflation is currently considered to be the best paradigm
for describing the early stages of the universe
\cite{Linde:1990-bk,Liddle-Lyth:2000-bk}.
Inflation leads to the existence of a causal mechanism for producing
fluctuations on cosmological scales (when measured today), which... |
2,877,628,091,350 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Supernova remnants (SNRs) stand an important factor in the process
of cosmic ray acceleration and matter circulation. Albeit
very important, these processes are still not fully
understood. Various theories were suggested during the last
few decades {with a view to understanding} the SNR prop... |
2,877,628,091,351 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Our Sun shows variability on a number of time scales, where the most pronounced are: the 5-minute p-mode oscillations, the 25-30 days rotational modulation and the 11-year solar cycle \citep{2017NatAs...1..612S}. While we have witnessed significant progress in our understanding of the first two p... |
2,877,628,091,352 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
A system consisting of elements can be expressed
by using network representation,
i.e.,
nodes denote the elements and
edges represent their relations.
Many real-life systems,
e.g.,
mobile communication networks,
collaboration networks,
protein-protein interaction networks are analyzed using ... |
2,877,628,091,353 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sec:introSim}
In this paper we consider the following family of nonlinear Fokker--Planck equations
\begin{align}\label{eq:befp}
\partial_t f & = \Delta_v f+\mathrm{div}_v(v f(1+ f^\gamma)),\quad t>0,\;v\in\mathbb{R}^d,
\\\nonumber f(0,\cdot) & = f_0\ge0,
\end{align}
where $\g... |
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