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541,165,881,356 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Industrial Control Systems (ICS) generally consist of a set of
supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) subsystems for
controlling field devices via the monitoring and processing of data
related to industrial processes. In response to information received
from remote sensors, control c... |
541,165,881,357 | arxiv | \section{Orthogonal polynomials through a potential problem}
\subsection{The exact potential problem}
We study the asymptotics of orthogonal
polynomials of large degree, with respect to the exponentially varying measure
$\mathrm{e}^{-2mQ}\mathrm{dA}$
on the plane, as the degree $n$ and the parameter $m$ grow to infin... |
541,165,881,358 | arxiv | \section{\label{sec:level1}Introduction}
Transport properties (ionic/chemical/mass/thermal transport) in a liquid at the nanoscale (nanofluidics) is principally affected by surface interactions \cite{schoch2008,bocquet2010,bocquet2014,haywood2015,ghosal2019}. Such transport phenomena{, encountered in natural objects... |
541,165,881,359 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
In this paper, we investigate large-scale Mixed-Integer Linear Programs (MILPs)
that are to be solved by a network of agents without a central coordinator.
The goal is to minimize the sum of objective functions while satisfying individual
constraints and a common, non-sparse cou... |
541,165,881,360 | arxiv | \section{I. Introduction}
The nature of the conductivity at Dirac point has been debated since graphene's first isolation~\cite{1}. One of the most important applications of graphene would be in digital electronics if it could be made to have depletable conductance while maintaining its high mobility. However, in grap... |
541,165,881,361 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The neutral kaon system is a very sensitive laboratory
for the exploration of possible differences between matter
and antimatter. Indeed, it is the only system where any matter-antimatter
difference has been seen, which is
conventionally ascribed to a CP-violating term
in the \mbox{$\mathrm{... |
541,165,881,362 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\par
Thermal convection has been of major interest to the scientific community owing to its ubiquitous presence in many natural flows and engineering applications. Rayleigh-B\'{e}nard convection (RBC), in which a thin fluid layer is confined between a hot isothermal plate at the bottom and cold i... |
541,165,881,363 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
Conventional sampled-data control uses a \emph{zero-order} hold, which
produces a piecewise-constant control signal \citep{FraPowEma94}, and
can be used to give a sampled-data implementation which approximates a
previously-designed continuous-time controller.
In contrast to c... |
541,165,881,364 | arxiv | \section{INTRODUCTION}
In this paper, we present fused logistic regression, a novel multi-task
learning algorithm for solving a set of binary classification tasks
that are ordered according to their mutual similarity.
Multi-task learning refers to techniques that jointly address several
related learning tasks... |
541,165,881,365 | arxiv | \section{Introduction \label{SectI}}
Over the last years, several observations such as supernovae Ia (SNe Ia)~\cite{SN1}, large scale structure (LSS)~\cite{LSS} with
baryon acoustic oscillations (BAO)~\cite{Eisenstein:2005su}, cosmic microwave background (CMB) radiation
~\cite{WMAP-Spergel, WMAP, Komatsu:2... |
541,165,881,366 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The $AdS/CFT$ correspondence \cite{Maldacena:1997re}, and holographic duality in general, is a powerful, conjectured technique for the analysis of strongly coupled field theories. While originally pursued to address questions about low-energy QCD, it has expanded to include studies of a variety ... |
541,165,881,367 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Observations of dynamics of galaxies, clusters of galaxies and the Universe at large scales strongly support the Cold Dark Matter\,(CDM) paradigm. This suggests that most of the matter of the Universe consists of non-relativistic collisionless particles not present in the Standard Model\,(... |
541,165,881,368 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The idea of \emph{molecular spintronics} consists of integrating the promising
concepts of molecular electronics and
spintronics.\cite{Emberly,Nitzan,Xue,Sanvito,Wolf,Zutic} A particularly
interesting aspect of molecular electronics, besides the prospect of further
miniaturization, is the possib... |
541,165,881,369 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The increasing number of synoptic surveys are now generating tens to hundreds of
transient events per night, and the rates will keep growing, possibly reaching
millions of transients per night within a decade or so.
Generally, follow-up observations are needed in order to fully exploit
scient... |
541,165,881,370 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Quantum mechanical features in non-simply connected,
ring geometries have attracted great interest from many physicists.
Particularly striking phenomena in ring systems
are induced by the Aharonov-Bohm effect \cite{ab}
and the Aharonov-Casher effect \cite{ac}.
To prove these effects, ring s... |
541,165,881,371 | arxiv |
\section*{Author Contributions} \label{sec:contribution}
Mengbang Zou performed simulation. Mengbang Zou and Weisi Guo together wrote the paper, analysed and discussed the results.
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:introduction}
Synchronization, as a collective phenomenon of dynamically coupling units, generally exis... |
541,165,881,372 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The study of wave propagation in disordered lattice and continuum systems
has been an important and popular research theme during the past several decades. Some of the most prominent recent studies on these topics~\cite{Schwartz:Nature2007,Billy:Nature2008,Roati:Nature2008,Gurarle:PRL2008,Conti:... |
541,165,881,373 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\setcounter{equation}{0}
Given a sequence of positive integers $(x_n)$, which is such that $x_n|x_{n+1}$ for all $n$, the sum of the reciprocals is
the Engel series
\beq \label{engel}
\sum_{j=1}^\infty \frac{1}{x_j} = \sum_{j=1}^\infty \frac{1}{y_1y_2\cdots y_j},
\eeq
where $y_1=x_1$ ... |
541,165,881,374 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Quantum Zeno effect (QZE) refers to the inhabitation of the unitary
time evolution of a quantum system by repeated frequent measurements
\cite {Misra,QZE1,QZE2,QZE3,QZE4,QZE5,QZE6}. It is a phenomena which
is intrinsically related to the projection postulate in quantum
mechanics. For an is... |
541,165,881,375 | arxiv | \section{introduction}
For any positive integer $n$, the Euler totient function $\phi(n)$ is defined as number of positive integers less than $n$ and relatively prime to $n$, and $\sigma_{k}(n)$ denote the sum of the $k$-th power of divisors of $n$. If $k=0$, $\sigma_{k}(n)$ reduces to the function $\tau(n)$, which cou... |
541,165,881,376 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The Standard Model (${\cal S} {\cal M}\;$) does not fix the number of fermion
generations. So far it is not known why there is more than one
generation and what Law of Nature determines their number.
The studies on the $Z$ peak at LEP proved that there are exactly
three generations of quarks a... |
541,165,881,377 | arxiv | \subsection{Beam background effect on the readout chip}
\label{sec:bgeff}
In the previous subsection~\ref{sec:inrad},
the requirements for the readout chip
and impact parameter resolutions were obtained.
Actually, option 1 is a very unlikely scenario at this stage.
However, it is a useful to check the effects induced... |
541,165,881,378 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
One of the key challenges in applying evolutionary algorithms (EAs) in practice is in choosing suitable values for the population sizes, the mutation rates, the crossover probabilities, the selective pressure, and possibly other parameters that determine the exact structure of ... |
541,165,881,379 | arxiv | \section{Applications}
We now demonstrate three different uses for camera parameter estimation from a single image: image retrieval, geometrically-consistent object transfer across images, and virtual 3D object insertion.
\paragraph{Image retrieval}
Our technique can be used to retrieve images in large databases bas... |
541,165,881,380 | arxiv | \section{#1}\setcounter{equation}{0}}
\newcommand{\begin{eqnarray}}{\begin{eqnarray}}
\newcommand{\end{eqnarray}}{\end{eqnarray}}
\newcommand{\rightarrow}{\rightarrow}
\usepackage[left=2cm,right=2cm,top=2cm,bottom=2cm]{geometry}
\linespread{1.25}
\setlength{\parindent}{0.8cm}
\setlength{\skip\footins}{0.5cm}
\se... |
541,165,881,381 | arxiv | \section{Equivariant fundamental class}
\label{sec1}
Let $M$ be a complex manifold and $X\subset M$ a closed complex
subvariety. The {\it fundamental class} of $X$, which is the
Poincar\'e dual of the cycle defined by $X$ is denoted by $$[X]\in
H^{2\mathop{\rm codim}(X)}(M)\,.$$ When the ambient manifold $M$ is
contr... |
541,165,881,382 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Harnessing the potential of well-controlled experimental platforms, quantum simulators
have recently emerged as analogue devices to study paradigmatic condensed-matter models
\cite{JohnsonClarkJaksch14}. To date, a considerable variety of devices have been
proposed and partially realised to se... |
541,165,881,383 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:Introduction}
Recent decades have seen a number of non-monotonic reasoning (NMR) formalisms advanced (see e.g.~\cite{Brewka:Nemiela:Truszczynski:2008-Handbook} for an overview).
Since preferences are ubiquitous in common-sense reasoning,
there has been a considerable effort to integ... |
541,165,881,384 | arxiv | \section{Proof of Proposition \ref{prop:oslo}}
\magicpar{Reminder of Proposition \ref{prop:oslo}}
OSLO's optimization problem, being defined in \eqref{eq:oslo_objective} as:
\begin{align*}
\max_{\boldsymbol{\mu}, \boldsymbol{Z}, \boldsymbol{\xi}} & \quad \mathcal{L}_{\text{OSLO}}(\boldsymbol{Z}, \b... |
541,165,881,385 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
A considerable amount of contemporary theoretical and experimental research is devoted to elucidating the counter-intuitive nature of quantum-mechanical phenomena. Ever since the birth of quantum theory, features which defy classical explanation have continued to fascinate \cite{QM}. At the sa... |
541,165,881,386 | arxiv | \section*{Introduction}
The Severi variety $\smash{ V_{d,g} \subset {\mathbb P}^N = |{\mathcal O}_{{\mathbb P}^2}(d)| }$ parametrizes degree $d$ genus $g$ irreducible plane curves with at worst nodal singularities. Let $\smash{ \overline{V}_{d,g} }$ be the closure inside $\smash{ |{\mathcal O}_{{\mathbb P}^2}(d)| }$. T... |
541,165,881,387 | arxiv | \section{Figures}
\begin{figure}[h!]
\centering
\includegraphics[scale=0.5]{S1.png}
\caption{The high symmetry points of the first Brillouin zone for the band structure of the \ce{VS4} bulk phase. This figure was created from http://materials.duke.edu/awrapper.html}
\label{fig:S1}
\end{figure}
\begin{figure}[h!]
\ce... |
541,165,881,388 | arxiv | \section{Functions on spaces}
\label{functions, spaces}
\setcounter{equation}{0}
Let $X$ be a topological space, and let $\mathcal{C}(X)$ be
the algebra of continuous real-valued functions on $X$. For each $p
\in X$, the collection $\mathcal{I}_p(X)$ of $f \in \mathcal{C}(X)$ such
that $f(p) = 0$ is an ideal... |
541,165,881,389 | arxiv | \section{introduction}
This work concerns principally the optimality of the Bounded Height Conjecture, stated by Bombieri, Masser and Zannier \cite{BMZ1} and proven by Habegger \cite{Phil1}. In section 2, we clarify the assumption on the varieties,
understanding such a hypothesis geometrically and from different p... |
541,165,881,390 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
By $n$-body problems we mean problems where we are to determine the dynamics of a number of $n$ point masses as dictated by a system of ordinary differential equations. The $n$-body problem in spaces of constant Gaussian curvature, or curved $n$-body problem for short, is described by a system ... |
541,165,881,391 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The development of the quantum walk (QW) in the context of quantum
computation, as a generalization of the classical random walk, has attracted
the attention of researchers from different fields. The fact that it is
possible to build and preserve quantum states experimentally has led the
scienti... |
541,165,881,392 | arxiv | \section{INTRODUCTION}
Owing to its high richness and distance (z=0.41), CL0939$+$4713 =
Abell~851 turns out to be one of the ``most wanted'' targets both for
morphological and evolutionary studies of galaxy clusters, thus being
presently one of the best known intermediate-redshift systems. Extensive
analyses, includi... |
541,165,881,393 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Machine learning has great success in modeling data and making predictions
automatically.
In many real-world applications, we need an explanation rather than
a black-box model.
For example, when customers apply for a loan on credit,
the loan officers will compute their credit scores
based on ... |
541,165,881,394 | arxiv | \section{INTRODUCTION}
G009.62+00.20 is a star-forming complex located at a parallax distance of 5.2~kpc from the Sun
\citep{Sanna2009,Sanna2014}. Its radio continuum source ``E'', named by \citet{Garay1993}, is the most
compact component among a number of \hbox{H~{\sc ii}}\ regions detected in the field, which align ... |
541,165,881,395 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The main goal of the EFAR project is to use the Fundamental Plane (FP)
for early-type galaxies to measure cluster distances and peculiar
velocities, and so determine the large-scale motions in two relatively
distant volumes. The secondary goals are: (i)~to test for environmental
effects on the c... |
541,165,881,396 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In \cite{Liu2022}, we gave an equivariant and multiplicative
generalization of Joyce's geometric construction \cite{Joyce2021} of a
vertex algebra structure on the homology groups of certain moduli
stacks $\fM$; namely, the so-called operational K-homology groups of
$\fM$ are equivariant m... |
541,165,881,397 | arxiv | \section{Sunspot observations and digitization of sunspot drawings}
The first continuous observations of sunspots were made by Samuel Heinrich Schwabe 1825--1867. In this time, Richard Carrington started his observations in 1853, followed by Sp\"orer's first observations in January 1861 during Carrington rotation peri... |
541,165,881,398 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Higher curvature corrections added to the Einstein theory of gravity represent a broad area of alternative theories of gravity generalizing General Relativity.
Among various types of higher curvature corrections, one of the most perspective approaches is consideration of quadratic correction... |
541,165,881,399 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}\label{sec:introduction}
The Yarkovsky-O'Keefe-Radzievskii-Paddack effect is the torque
caused by the infrared emission from an asteroidal surface
that has an influence on a~rotational state of an asteroid \citep{Rubincam_2000}.
It is now widely recognized as an important factor,
affecti... |
541,165,881,400 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The GJMS operator $\mathcal{P}_{2k}$ on a conformal manifold of dimension $N$ is an invariant linear differential operator acting on conformal densities of weight $k-N/2$ whose principal part is the power $\Delta^k$ of the Laplacian \cite{GJMS}. It plays an important role in geometric analysis ... |
541,165,881,401 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
By the well-known mean ergodic theorem, the Ces\`aro averages $N^{-1}\sum_{n=1}^N T^n$ converge in the strong operator topology as $N\to\infty$ for any power bounded operator $T$ on a reflexive Banach space. Moreover, the limit operator is the projection onto $\ker (I-T)$ along $\overline{{\rm... |
541,165,881,402 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
A process of self-similar gravitational clustering in an expanding universe
leads to the build-up of structures in a hierarchical fashion across time
(White \& Rees 1978; White et al. 1987).
Ensembles of galaxies and hot ($T \ge 10^6~\mathrm{K}$) plasma
within gravitationally boun... |
541,165,881,403 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{s1}
It is well known--and a proof will appear in our subsequent discussion--that
any rational number $c/d$, with $d$ relatively prime to $10$, has a purely
periodic decimal expansion of the form
$I.a_1 a_2 \ldots a_n a_1 \ldots a_n a_1 \ldots$, where $I$ is an integer,
$a_1$, $a_2$, $... |
541,165,881,404 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
HERA is the first and up to now the only electron-proton collider.
It operates at a total
center-of-mass energy $\sqrt{s}=318 \; {\rm GeV}$, enabling besides
$\gamma$-exchange a large fraction of Z and W exchange. Thus HERA is a truly
electroweak collider allowing to study weak interaction ef... |
541,165,881,405 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
In Riemannian geometry, the quadratic distance function $g$ living on a manifold $M$ describes the structure of the tangent bundle $TM$ uniquely through specifying the relation between quadratic line element $ds_R^2$ and the coordinate difference $dx$. The quadratic nature of $d... |
541,165,881,406 | arxiv | \section{Arithmetic Fourier transform}
\paragraph{Fourier transform over finite vector spaces.} Let $\mathbb K$ be the finite field ${\mathbb F}_q$ on $q=p^r$ elements, where $p$ is a prime.
Let $V$ be a finite dimensional vector space over $\mathbb K$. Consider the finite abelian group underlying $V$. The set of... |
541,165,881,407 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Almost half of all low-mass stars form in multiple systems \citep{Raghavan2010}. Stars with companions in sufficiently close orbits can interact and produce important classes of objects such as blue stragglers, cataclysmic variables, low-mass white dwarfs, and Type Ia supernovae. Binary interact... |
541,165,881,408 | arxiv | \section{Introduction.}
Current sheet formation has long been an issue of interest in plasma physics.
In toroidal fusion plasmas, closed field lines exist at rational surfaces. It is believed that current singularities are inevitable when these surfaces are subject to resonant perturbations \cite{Grad1967,Rosenbluth197... |
541,165,881,409 | arxiv | \section{Proof of Theorem~\ref{thm:mainresult} and Lemma~\ref{lemma:weaksolution}} \label{app:proofs}
In this section we prove Theorem~\ref{thm:mainresult} and Lemma~\ref{lemma:weaksolution}.
The proofs of both results rely on the following recent result from Ref.~\cite{Mueller2017}.
\begin{theorem}[Correlating-cata... |
541,165,881,410 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
For $r>0$, let $\mathbb{D}_r:=\{z\in \mathbb{C}:|z|<r\}$. Let $\mathcal{A}$ denote the class of all analytic functions $f$ defined in the unit disk $\mathbb{D}:=\mathbb{D}_1$ such that $f(0)=f'(0)-1=0$ and $\mathcal{S}$ be its subclass consisting of univalent functions. Let $\mathcal{S}^*$ and $... |
541,165,881,411 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\noindent
Right-handed neutrinos ($\nu_{R}$), albeit not included in the Standard
Model (SM), are a highly motivated dark sector extension to accommodate
neutrino masses~\cite{Minkowski:1977sc,yanagida1979proceedings,GellMann:1980vs, glashow1979future,mohapatra1980neutrino},
dark matter~\cite{As... |
541,165,881,412 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Functions mapping the upper half-plane of the complex plane into itself
($\mathcal{R}$-functions) are well studied and play a significant role in applications. The
subclass~$\mathcal{S}$ of $\mathcal{R}$-functions, the functions that are regular and
nonnegative over the nonnegative semi-axis (als... |
541,165,881,413 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The dielectronic recombination process has proven to be a useful tool
in high-precision measurements of the excitation energy of low-lying levels
in middle-$Z$ lithiumlike systems \cite{madzunkov:PRA:02,kieslich:PRA:04}.
By this method the energy of the ${2p_{3/2}}$-${2s}$ transition in ${\rm Sc}... |
541,165,881,414 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{intro}
The modeling of astrophysical phenomena is often limited by the huge
range of spatial and temporal scales that need to be resolved in order
to describe accurately the dynamics. In many cases the large-scale behavior of
cosmic bodies depends on interactions at smaller scales that... |
541,165,881,415 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The majority of the matter in our Universe is non-luminous and non-baryonic. To date, all evidence of this Dark Matter (DM) has been gravitational in nature. Many models of new physics predict DM candidates with additional interactions beyond gravity. Indeed, one of the most studied frameworks f... |
541,165,881,416 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}
\label{sec:Introduction}
One of the main physics aims of the Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collider (RHIC) at Brookhaven National Lab (BNL) is to discover and study the {\color{black} properties} of quark-gluon plasma (QGP), which is a state of strongly acting matter that exists only under extreme p... |
541,165,881,417 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Let $(\Omega,\Sigma,\mu)$ be a finite measure space. Denote by $L^1(\mu,{\mathbb{R}}^n)$ the space of integrable functions from $\Omega$ to ${\mathbb{R}}^n$, normed by $\| f \|_1=\int \| f(\omega) \|d\mu$ for $f\in L^1(\mu,{\mathbb{R}}^n)$. A subset $K$ of $L^1(\mu,{\mathbb{R}}^n)$ is said to be ... |
541,165,881,418 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Two slit interference experiments have been used to probe fundamental
properties of light and matter for over two centuries. While
Young's original experiment helped establish the wave theory of light~\cite{YOUNG}, variants
of the experiment over the years have helped revealing fascinating wa... |
541,165,881,419 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Ideal crystals are absent in nature, and most of their physical properties, such
as plasticity, melting, growth, etc., are defined by defects of the crystalline
structure. Therefore, a study of defects is a topical scientific question of
importance for applications in the first place. At present,... |
541,165,881,420 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{intro}
Graphene has been a topic of intensive investigation since the pioneering work on synthesis of
this unique two-dimensional material by Geim, Novoselov and co-workers \cite{Ref1,Ref2,Ref3}. Recently, various
attempts have been made to fabricate graphene devices by engineering their... |
541,165,881,421 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Scattering amplitudes in ${\cal N}=4$ super Yang Mills are related to
polygonal Wilson loops with null edges \cite{AmplitudeWilson}. The conformal symmetry on the Wilson loop
side corresponds to non-trivial integrability charges on the amplitude side.
For the case of ordinary operators, the conf... |
541,165,881,422 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
As usual, for an integer $n\ge1$, we use $\Phi_n(Z)$ to denote
the {\it $n$th cyclotomic polynomial\/}, that is,
$$
\Phi_n(Z) = \prod_{\substack{j=0\\\gcd(j,n)=1}}^{n-1}
\(Z - \mathbf{e}_n(j)\),
$$
where for an integer $m\ge 1$ and a real $z$, we put
$$\mathbf{e}_m(z) = \exp(2 \pi i z/m).
$$
C... |
541,165,881,423 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
This paper is devoted to proving that $n$-excisive functors, in the sense of Goodwillie \cite{Goo91}, from the category $\Sp^{\omega}$ of finite spectra to a target stable $\iy$-category $\mb{E}$ can be represented as $\mb{E}$-valued Mackey functors on a particular indexing category, much like... |
541,165,881,424 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
For the dynamics of iterated polynomials, the Julia sets tend to have very complicated topology, but they can often be described successfully in terms of symbolic dynamics. The underlying partition comes from pairs or groups of dynamic rays that ``land'' at a common point in the Julia set and ... |
541,165,881,425 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In this work we study the stationary states of the following system of equations
\begin{equation}\label{Eq:Model}
\begin{dcases}
\frac{\mathrm{d} S_k}{\mathrm{d} t} (t)=\xi_k \Lambda -\theta S_k(t)-S_k(t)\int_{\mathbb{R}^N}\beta_k( y)A(t,y)\mathrm{d} y, \quad k=1,2, \\
\frac{\partial I... |
541,165,881,426 | arxiv | \section*{Nomenclature}
\subsection*{Acronyms}
\begin{description}
\item[OWF(s)] \hspace{0.4cm} Offshore Wind Farm(s).
\item[WT(s)] \hspace{0.4cm} Wind Turbines(s).
\item[OSS(s)] \hspace{0.4cm} Offshore Substation(s).
\item[BIP] \hspace{0.4cm} Binary Integer Programming.
\item[MILP] \hspace{0.4cm} Mixed... |
541,165,881,427 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Conformally covariant operators (see Definition \ref{cco}) are known to play a key role in
Physics and Spectral Geometry.
In the past few years, much work has been done on their systematic construction,
understanding, and classification \cite{Bas,Bra,Bra2,Bra3,Eas,Gov,GJMS,Pan,Wun}.
In Phys... |
541,165,881,428 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Let $M$ be a non-flat minimal surface in $\mathbb R^3,$ or more precisely, a non-flat connected oriented minimal surface in $\mathbb R^3.$ By definition, the Gauss map $G$ of $M$ is a map which maps each point $p \in M$ to the unit normal vector $G(p) \in S^2$ of $M$ at $p.$ Instead of $G,$ we s... |
541,165,881,429 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Flexoelectricity, the electric polarization linearly induced by
an inhomogeneous deformation,~\cite{Kogan} has become a popular topic in
material science during the past few years~\cite{Cross,Pavlo,Noh_flexo,Gustau1,Gustau2,advmat,pavlo_review}.
The interest is motivated by the universality of... |
541,165,881,430 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The exploration of the QCD phase diagram at nonzero temperature ($T$) and baryonic chemical potential ($\mu_B$) is a matter of great interest and activity in both theoretical and experimental physics.
It is well known from lattice QCD (LQCD) that, at vanishing baryonic densities, strong interac... |
541,165,881,431 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Depth-of-field is an important aesthetic quality of photographs.
It refers to the range of depths in a scene that are imaged sharply in focus.
This range is determined primarily by the aperture of the capturing camera's lens: a wide aperture produces a shallow (small) depth-of-field, while a nar... |
541,165,881,432 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
For the purposes of this note, an attractive translation invariant nearest neighbor spin system is a certain kind of Feller process defined on the compact state space $X=\{0, 1\}^\mathbb{Z}$ with rates satisfying the attractiveness inequalities, and depending only on the nearest neighbors. (See ... |
541,165,881,433 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Great efforts in contemporary materials science research focus on the understanding of thermal properties of nanoscale devices~\cite{Glatz09b,RMP06,Pekola07,BeloborodovEPL05,glatz+prb09b,Saira07}.
The electron transport through arrays of nanogranular systems is well understood~\cite{Beloborodov0... |
541,165,881,434 | arxiv | \section{Homotopy hypothesis} \label{sec:homotopy}
\subsection{Simplices as molecules} \label{sec:simplices}
Throughout this part, we will assume some knowledge of simplicial sets and their homotopy theory; see \cite[Chapter 4]{fritsch1990cellular} or \cite{goerss2009simplicial} as references. We also borrow most of ... |
541,165,881,435 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Power efficiency is a crucial design factor within HPC. Power consumption is often
a limiting factor for HPC systems, with current generation
machines already requiring power budgets $>$1~MW to operate\footnote{\href{http://www.green500.org/lists/green201411}{http://www.green500.org/lists/gree... |
541,165,881,436 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Over the past two decades, access to telecommunication services has seen exponential growth. From around 100 million in 1995, the number of mobile cellular subscriptions has risen to 7.4 billion worldwide in 2016 -- the equivalent of the entire world population \citep{ITU2016}. No technology ha... |
541,165,881,437 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Many problems in finance involve a large number of strategic agents. A typical example is how traders interact in a common market through the price of some assets. At a larger scale, another example is how banks interact through the money they borrow from or lend to each other or to a central ban... |
541,165,881,438 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The possibility to represent a function via the absolutely
convergent Fourier integral was studied by many mathematicians and
is of importance in various problems of analysis. New sufficient
conditions of such type in $\mathbb{{R}}^d,$ $d\ge1,$ are obtained in the
paper.
\bigskip
\subsection{M... |
541,165,881,439 | arxiv |
\subsubsection{\textbf{Feature Smoothing Block}} FSB is a stack of $1 \times 1$ Convolution - Batch\_Normalization - ReLU. This block reduces the dimensionality or smoothen the input features.
\par
\subsubsection{\textbf{Feature Interpolator Block}} At each stage of ResNet-$50$, the spatial size of feature is reduce... |
541,165,881,440 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Electric forces on insulating bodies are notoriously difficult to calculate \cite{Stratton}.
Only in very special instances can the calculation be performed by elementary means. The simplest case,
treated in every undergraduate textbook on electricity and magnetism,
is that of a dielectric ... |
541,165,881,441 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Photon shot noise limits the precision of measuring a parameter by inverse square root of the number of used photons, also known as shot noise limit in quantum metrology\cite{Dowling:2008}. A major challenge in optical measurement is to search for suitable probe states for overcoming this limit. ... |
541,165,881,442 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The AM CVn stars are white dwarfs (WDs) accreting matter from a degenerate or semi-degenerate companion, constituted primarily of helium with traces of metals (but no hydrogen). Because of their evolved nature they exist in ultra-compact configurations, with orbital periods ranging from about one... |
541,165,881,443 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Thin films of either isotope of He adsorbed on substrates have been
widely studied experimentally as close realizations of ideal, strictly
two-dimensional (2D) quantum systems with a coupling strength tunable by varying
the coverage. For example, specific heat and magnetization measurements
on t... |
541,165,881,444 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Thin liquid films are ubiquitous entities in a variety of settings and display interesting dynamics depending on various forces acting on the liquid film and the surface geometries on which the fluid moves. \cite{Oron97}
A number of studies for the stability of a gravity-driven viscous liquid... |
541,165,881,445 | arxiv | \section{INTRODUCTION}
The global auto industry is undergoing a seismic transition from internal combustion engine dominance to electric vehicles (EVs) as a source of salvation for climate change. The penetration of EVCSs in the electric grids is increased due to the continuously growing fleet of EVs. Since internet-co... |
541,165,881,446 | arxiv |
\section{Appendix}
\label{sec:appendix}
\subsection{DDS design}
\label{sec:appendix_dds}
The custom DDS core can generate two RF tones in order to drive Raman transitions and bichromatic two-qubit M\o lmer-S\o rensen gates that are commonly used in TIQC.
These tones are added in the digital domain to sidestep freque... |
541,165,881,447 | arxiv | \section{Introduction} \label{introsect}
Let $M$ be a compact, connected, irreducible, orientable 3-manifold with torus boundary $\partial M$. A slope on $\partial M$ is an isotopy class of simple closed curves on $\partial M$. We use $\Delta(\alpha, \beta)$ to denote the absolute value of the algebraic intersection n... |
541,165,881,448 | arxiv |
\section*{Acknowledgments}
We thank Leon Gatys, Fr\'edo Durand, Aaron Hertzmann as well as the anonymous reviewers for their valuable discussions. We thank Fuzhang Wu for generating results using \cite{wu2013content}. This research is supported by a Google Faculty Research Award, and NSF awards IIS 1617861 and 151396... |
541,165,881,449 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
The potential applications of automatic species detection and classification of birds from their sounds are many (e.g. ecological research, biodiversity monitoring, archival) \cite{Dawson:09, Lambert:14, Drake:16, Sovern:14, Marques:12}. In recent decades, there has been an incr... |
541,165,881,450 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In this paper, we address the following basic question: What is the Berry phase of transporting a bound quasiparticle around a superfluid vortex? Surprisingly, this basic question has not been systematically considered in the literature to the best of our knowledge. It is of particular intere... |
541,165,881,451 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{introduction}
\noindent
Topological insulators (TI) are bulk insulators that exhibit surface states with unique electronic properties. Three-dimensional (3D) TI nanowires (TINWs) are promising candidates for studying the electronic surface transport \cite{tinr1,tinr2,tinr3,Berry2}; they a... |
541,165,881,452 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
We consider here the semiclassical limit of Gross-Pitaevskii equation (GP equation for short) with the Dirichlet boundary condition in the three-dimensional upper space $\R^3_{+}:$
\begin{equation}\label{NLS-0}
\begin{cases}
& i \, \varepsilon \, \partial_t \Psi^{\varepsilon}+\frac{\varepsi... |
541,165,881,453 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The computationally most demanding step of the Guruswami--Sudan algorithm \cite{guruswami_improved_1999} is finding a bivariate interpolation polynomial.
Many algorithms have been proposed, both more classical with a quadratic dependence on the code length $n$, e.g.~\cite{nielsen_decoding_1998,l... |
541,165,881,454 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
The linear elastic properties of a given material are encoded into an Elasticity tensor $\bE$, a fourth-order tensor which relates linearly the stress tensor to the strain tensor. As it was clearly emphasized by Boehler and coworkers~\cite{Boe1987,BKO1994}, any rotated Elastic... |
541,165,881,455 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The interaction between multiple interconnected rigid or flexible bodies with the surrounding fluid flow is ubiquitous in engineering applications ranging from underwater robotics, bio-inspired structures, helicopter rotor dynamics to offshore wind turbines and oil/gas platforms. Such fluid-flexi... |
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