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1,941,325,221,088 | arxiv | \section{The Role of Quantum Simulations}
The motivation for numerical solutions to the quantum many body problem is the intractability of analytic solutions except in limited circumstances. Indeed, the extension of the analytic solution of the single electron Hydrogen atom to two electrons is already problematic, as ... |
1,941,325,221,089 | arxiv | \section{The background torque density in a three-dimensional disc with
a fixed temperature profile}\label{tbg_deriv}
We give a brief derivation of the angular momentum exchange between
linear perturbations and the background disc. We consider a
three-dimensional disc in which the equilibrium pressure and density
are... |
1,941,325,221,090 | arxiv | \section{Calculation of the integral \rfs{eq:integral}}
\label{sec:A}
We would like to evaluate
\begin{equation} \label{eq:eee} I_N=\frac{1}{\pi^N} \int_{-\infty}^\infty \prod_{n=1}^N \frac{dx_n}{1+x_n^2}
\ln \left( 1+ \epsilon^2 X \right),
\end{equation}
where \begin{equation} X = \sum_{n=1}^N \left( x_n^2 x_{n+... |
1,941,325,221,091 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}
\label{intro}
Jets are collimated sprays of particles produced in high energy particle collisions. They are remnants of hard-scattered partons, which are the fundamental objects of pQCD. At RHIC, jets can be used as a probe of the hot and dense matter created in heavy ion collisions~\cite{MP,E... |
1,941,325,221,092 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
An oriented hypersurface $M$ in $\mathbb{R}^{n+1}$ is called a translating soliton (or translator) if
$$M+ t \; \mathbf{e}_{n+1}$$
is a mean curvature flow. This is equivalent to
\[
\vec{\bf{H}}={\bf e}_{n+1}^{\bot},
\]
where $\vec{\bf{H}}$ denotes the mean curvature vector field of $M$ and $\b... |
1,941,325,221,093 | arxiv |
\section{Conclusion}
We developed a novel theory for signed normalized cuts
as well as an algorithm for finding the discrete solution.
We showed that we can find superior synonym clusters which
do not require new word embeddings, but simply overlay thesaurus information.
The clusters are general and can be used with... |
1,941,325,221,094 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
When passing through matter, high energy particles lose energy by
showering, via the splitting processes of hard bremsstrahlung and pair
production. At very high energy, the quantum mechanical duration of
each splitting process, known as the formation time, exceeds the mean
fr... |
1,941,325,221,095 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Through the emergence of new online channels and information technology, targeted advertising plays a growing role in our society and progressively replaces traditional forms of advertising like newspapers, billboards, etc. Indeed, companies can minimize wasted advertising costs by targeting ... |
1,941,325,221,096 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{Intro}
Weinbergs asymptotic safety scenario \cite{Weinberg:1980gg,Weinproc1} strives toward constructing a quantum theory of gravity based on a non-Gaussian fixed point (NGFP) of the gravitational renormalization group (RG) flow (see \cite{Niedermaier:2006wt,robrev,Reuter:2012id} for revi... |
1,941,325,221,097 | arxiv | \section{INTRODUCTION}
\label{sec:1}
The theoretical description of electronic correlations
in solids is still a challenge. Even one of the
simplest models for correlated electrons, the Hubbard
model,\cite{hubbard} exhibits enormous mathematical
complexity. Its analysis is far from being complete.
Recently, a new cla... |
1,941,325,221,098 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
Most state-of-the-art methods in 3D Multiple Object Tracking(3DMOT) follow the tracking-by-detection paradigm.
They first obtain bounding boxes of objects in each frame with 3D detectors and then associate the detected objects between frames as tracklets.
In the online tr... |
1,941,325,221,099 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In this paper we continue the study of a class of parabolic free boundary problems initiated in [B]. Our present goal is to establish that Lipschitz free boundaries are $C^{1,\alpha}$ surfaces in a sense that is stated precisely in Theorem~\ref{thrm:main_thrm}.
The problem under consideration ... |
1,941,325,221,100 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Over the last two decades it has become apparent that many complex
systems exhibit a phenomenom which has been termed anomalous diffusion \cite{Shlesinger, Zaslavsky, MetzlerKlafter}.
On account of this, there has been an increasing interest in stochastic processes
deviating basically from standa... |
1,941,325,221,101 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The role of Hilbert polynomials in commutative and homological algebra as well as in algebraic geometry and combinatorics is well known. A similar role
in differential algebra is played by differential dimension polynomials, which describe in exact terms the freedom degree of a dynamic system,
... |
1,941,325,221,102 | arxiv | \section{Some log geometry}
In this expository section, we summarize some facts
about log schemes needed later. The details can be found in \cite{kato,
ogus} together with some more specific references given below. For our purposes, the basic
example is given by a pair consisting of a smooth
scheme $X$ and a re... |
1,941,325,221,103 | arxiv | \section{#1}\let\thesection\oldthesection}
\documentclass[twocolumn,preprintnumbers,amsmath,amsfonts,amssymb,notitlepage,showpacs,pra]{revtex4-1}
\usepackage{geometry}
\date{\today}
\DeclareMathAlphabet{\mathpzc}{OT1}{pzc}{m}{it}
\geometry{verbose,letterpaper,tmargin=2cm,bmargin=2cm,lmargin=2cm,rmargin=2cm}
\usepackag... |
1,941,325,221,104 | arxiv | \section{#1}\setcounter{equation}{0}}
\newcommand{\, {\rm GeV}}{\, {\rm GeV}}
\newcommand{\, {\rm MeV}}{\, {\rm MeV}}
\newcommand{\begin{equation}}{\begin{equation}}
\newcommand{\end{equation}}{\end{equation}}
\newcommand{\begin{eqnarray}}{\begin{eqnarray}}
\newcommand{\end{eqnarray}}{\end{eqnarray}}
\title{$K \to... |
1,941,325,221,105 | arxiv | \section{Introduction\label{sec1}}
\begin{table*}
\begin{center}\caption{Spectroscopic constraints and complementary data of the {\it Kepler} targets \label{tab1}}
\begin{tabular}{lccccccccccccccccccc}
\hline\hline
KIC ID & \teff\ & \feh & $K_s$ & $A_{K_S}$ & P$_{\rm ROT}$ & Ref. \\
& (K) & (dex) & (mag) &... |
1,941,325,221,106 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In wireless ad hoc or social networks, a variety of scenarios require
agents to share their individual information or resources with each
other for mutual benefits. A partial list includes file sharing and
rumor spreading \cite{QiuSri04,YanDeV04,Bor87,KarSchSheVoc00}, distributed
computation and... |
1,941,325,221,107 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In this paper we introduce a new coercivity condition through which one can obtain estimates for higher order moments for stochastic partial differential equations (SPDEs) of the form
\begin{equation}\label{eq:variationalintro}
\mathrm{d} u(t) = A(t, u(t)) \mathrm{d} t + B(t, u(t)) \mathrm{d}... |
1,941,325,221,108 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}
Building meaningful similarity models that incorporate prior knowledge about the data and the task is an important area of machine learning and information retrieval \cite{DBLP:journals/bioinformatics/ZienRMSLM00,DBLP:books/daglib/0021593}. Good similarity models are needed to find relevant i... |
1,941,325,221,109 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
The process by which information escapes from the black hole hole interior is a pivotal question in the study of quantum gravity. Recent work has brought to light two important points on this front. The first is that at least in some gravitational models the Euclidean gravita... |
1,941,325,221,110 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The inflationary scenario \cite{inflation} allows us to consider how the
primordial seeds of macroscopic structures were generated in the Universe,
since due to its quantum nature, the field that drives Inflation can be
decomposed into a mean field and fluctuations around it. The former gives an... |
1,941,325,221,111 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\subsection{Setup and Problem}
For a domain $\Omega$ in $\mathbb{C}^n$, we denote the space of square integrable functions and the space of square integrable holomorphic functions on $\Omega$ by $L^{2}(\Omega)$ and $A^{2}(\Omega)$ (the Bergman space of $\Omega$), respectively. The Bergman project... |
1,941,325,221,112 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Detection of single electron transfers through
quantum systems such as quantum dots
has become experimentally
feasible.\cite{Lu03422,Fuj042343,Gus06076605,Fuj061634}
Theoretical investigations on the underlying statistics
were mostly obtained in terms of higher cumulants,
e.g.\ noise and skewnes... |
1,941,325,221,113 | arxiv | \section*{Acknowledgment}
M. Cadeddu is grateful to C. Giunti and M. Lissia for stimulating discussions.
\nocite{*}
\bibliographystyle{apsrev4-1}
|
1,941,325,221,114 | arxiv |
\section{\texorpdfstring{\ttbar production cross section in $\Pp\Pap$ and $\Pp\Pp$ collisions as a function of $\sqrt{s}$}{ttbar production cross section in proton-antiproton and proton-proton collisions as a function of sqrt(s)}\label{app:supp_material}}
\input{supp_material}
}
\cleardoublepage \section{The CMS Co... |
1,941,325,221,115 | arxiv | \section{Introduction} In many practical engineering situations, the dynamical behaviour of the system at stake can be modeled as a switching system like the one represented in Equation (\ref{eq-switching}):
\begin{equation}\label{eq-switching}
x_{k+1}=A_{\sigma\left(k\right) }x_{k},
\end{equation}
where
$\setm... |
1,941,325,221,116 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}
Zero-knowledge protocols \cite{STOC:GolMicRac85} are a fundamental tool in modern cryptography in which a prover convinces a verifier that some statement is true without revealing any additional information. This security property is formalized via \emph{simulation}: the view of any (even mali... |
1,941,325,221,117 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Linear-optical architectures belong to the most prominent platforms for realizing protocols of quantum information processing \cite{kok07,kni01}. They are experimentally feasible and they work directly with photons without the necessity to transfer the quantum state of a photonic qubit into anot... |
1,941,325,221,118 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The last few years have witnessed a surge of interest in building machine learning (ML) methods for scientific applications in diverse disciplines, e.g., hydrology \cite{jia2019physics}, biological sciences \cite{yazdani2019systems},
and climate science~\cite{faghmous2014big}.
Given the promisi... |
1,941,325,221,119 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The Poincar\'e group sharply contrasts with the ${SU(3)\times SU(2)\times U(1)}$ symmetry group of the Standard Model, in that it is understood to act not only on particles of the Standard Model, but also on the spacetime manifold itself. This foundational assumption of the Standard Model sets ... |
1,941,325,221,120 | arxiv | \section{Introduction} \label{sec-intro} %
In this paper, we investigate ground states of the energy for a system including both attractive as well as repulsive Coulomb interactions. The very fundamental nature of such \textit{nonlocal} Coulomb interaction is testified by its ubiquitous presence in nature and by the v... |
1,941,325,221,121 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
A longstanding challenge is to explain the discrete spectrum of black hole microstates using spacetime geometry. In recent years, some statistical aspects of these microstates have been explained using spacetime wormholes.\footnote{The role of spacetime wormholes in quantum gravity has also been... |
1,941,325,221,122 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:introduction}
Evolutionary game theory in spatial environments has attracted much interest
from researchers who seek to understand cooperative behaviour among rational
individuals in complex environments. Many models have considered the scenarios
where participant’s interactions... |
1,941,325,221,123 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{section:introduction}
Deep learning (DL), in particular supervised deep learning models, has gained tremendous success during the past decade, and the development of supervised learning relies on a large amount of high-quality labeled data.
However, high-quality data is often difficult to... |
1,941,325,221,124 | arxiv | \section{An enlightening way of looking for new physics}
Several considerations (e.g., UV-completions for the Standard Model) and
observations (e.g., Dark Matter)
lead us to assume the existence of particles beyond the Standard Model.
In order to have evaded detection so far, such new particles can
be either very hea... |
1,941,325,221,125 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
Experiments on ultracold atomic gases in optical lattices have opened the opportunity to simulate condensed-matter models in a well-controlled setup~\cite{Lewenstein-07,Bloch-08,ReichelVuletic11}, and also to probe the non-equilibrium dynamics of such strongly correlated quantum... |
1,941,325,221,126 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
For a faithful presentation of the the problem and result discussed
in \cite{GaoLu:16} we quote from this paper:
\medskip
\textquotedblleft The fourth-order polynomial defined by
$H(x):=\nu/2(1/2x^{2}-\lambda)^{2}$, where $x\in\mathbb{R},$
$\nu,\lambda$ are positive constants (1)
... |
1,941,325,221,127 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
If time was an observable, then, in standard quantum mechanics, it would be represented by an operator that is (i) self-adjoint or at least Hermitian; and is (ii) canonically conjugate to the Hamiltonian. The former assures us that the eigenvalues are real, and the latter is a consequence of its ... |
1,941,325,221,128 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\vskip 0.15cm
While many new data of charmed baryon nonleptonic weak decays became available
in recent years, the experimental study of hadronic weak decays of bottom
baryons is just beginning to start its gear. This is best illustrated
by the decay mode $\Lambda_b\to J/\psi\Lambda$ which is inte... |
1,941,325,221,129 | arxiv | \section{Transformations and Information}
Cosmologists have been trained to look at the world through linear two-point statistics: the power spectrum and correlation function of the overdensity field, $\delta=\rho/\bar{\rho}-1$. This is for good reason: linear perturbation theory is naturally expressed in terms of the ... |
1,941,325,221,130 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:introduction}
The Orion Nebula is one of the most studied objects in the sky, with observational records dating about 400 years coinciding with the early developments of the telescope \citep{Muench2008}. It is an object of critical importance for astrophysics as it contains the neares... |
1,941,325,221,131 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The study of D-branes in string theory has undergone a number of refinements, requiring the introduction of increasingly mathematical tools. They were first found to admit an interpretation in topological K-theory in \cite{1998}, and then as an object of the derived category in \cite{kontsevich19... |
1,941,325,221,132 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Understanding the origin of the small, positive value of dark energy density measured at present \cite{Planck:2018vyg} is one of the most challenging open problems in fundamental physics. One could hope that splitting the problem into two parts might help in seeking for its solution, but this is... |
1,941,325,221,133 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
As known, coherent states $(CS)$ are widely and fruitful being utilized in
different areas of the theoretical physics \cite{ab1}-\cite{ab5}. The $CS$,
introduced
by
Schr\"odinger and Glauber, turned out to be orbits of the Heisenberg-Weyl
group.
That observation allowed one to formulate by analo... |
1,941,325,221,134 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The superinsulating state, having infinite resistance at finite temperatures\,\cite{Diamantini1996,Doniach1998,vinokur2008superinsulator,vinokurAnnals,cbkt} is the state dual to superconductivity, endowed with a finite temperature infinite conductance.
Originally\,\cite{Diamantini1996,Doniach... |
1,941,325,221,135 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Let $(X,\omega)$ be a closed K\"ahler manifold. Calabi initialed the study of K\"ahler metrics with constant scalar curvature (cscK) in a given K\"ahler class $[\omega]$ on $X$. Recently, Chen-Cheng \cite{MR4301557} solved the geodesic stability conjecture and the properness conjecture on existe... |
1,941,325,221,136 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Event detection (ED) systems extract events of specific types from the given text.
Traditionally, researchers use pipeline approaches~\cite{ahn-2006-stages} where a trigger identification (TI) system is used to identify event triggers in a sentence and then a trigger classifier (TC) is used to ... |
1,941,325,221,137 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In financial markets, asset prices are constantly fluctuating. The strength of volatility is usually expressed in terms of the logarithmic variance\footnote{Variance, standard deviation, or logarithmic standard deviation are also used in other literature. For brevity, this paper will use 'vo... |
1,941,325,221,138 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The theory of stochastic optimal control is based on the assumption that the probability distribution of uncertain variables (e.g., disturbances) is fully known. However, this assumption is often restrictive in practice, because estimating an accurate distribution requires large-scale high-resol... |
1,941,325,221,139 | arxiv | \section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro}
There are currently more than three thousand confirmed extrasolar planets, many of which were discovered using the \textit{Kepler} space telescope via the transit method. This method has revolutionized our view of planets and the potential for discovering life in the Universe.
... |
1,941,325,221,140 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The program to develop a theory of renormalized higher ($\geq 2$) powers
of white noise \cite{AcBouk09sg} has led to investigate the connections between
central extensions and renormalization.
This has, in its turn, led to the discovery of the unique (up to isomorphisms)
non trivial c... |
1,941,325,221,141 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}
\seclabel{introduction}
Many neural networks are over-parameterized
\citep{dauphin-2013-arXiv-big-neural-networks-waste,denil-2013-NIPS-predicting-parameters-in-deep},
enabling compression of each layer
\cite{denil-2013-NIPS-predicting-parameters-in-deep,wen-2016-arXiv-learning-structured-spar... |
1,941,325,221,142 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
We consider dynamical fluctuations in systems described by Markov chains. The nature of such fluctuations in physical systems
constrains the mathematical models that can be used to describe them. For example, there are well-known relationships between
equilibrium physical sys... |
1,941,325,221,143 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In recent years, deep learning has been widely deployed in industrial recommender systems. In addition, due to the stringent latency requirement on returning recommendations upon receiving each request from millions or even billions of user (e.g., in hundreds of milliseconds), more and more reco... |
1,941,325,221,144 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
A traveling charged particle induces coherent radiation when it passes
near a periodic dielectric structure along the direction of its spatial
periodicity. This radiation, called Smith-Purcell radiation
(SPR) \cite{Smith:P::92:p1069:1953,Shestopalov-SPR-book}, can be a novel
radiation so... |
1,941,325,221,145 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sec:intro}
A standard tool for investigating the geometry of a submanifold in
a semi-Riemannian manifold is the second fundamental
form, or shape tensor, see e.g. O'Neill \cite{ONeill1983}). In this
paper we will discuss some aspects of the second fundamental form
for the case that the am... |
1,941,325,221,146 | arxiv | \section{Copyright}
All papers submitted for publication by AAAI Press must be accompanied by a valid signed copyright form. They must also contain the AAAI copyright notice at the bottom of the first page of the paper. There are no exceptions to these requirements. If you fail to provide us with a signed copyright for... |
1,941,325,221,147 | arxiv | \section{\textbf{Introduction\label{sec1}}}
\noindent For $n\geq1,$ let $X_{1},X_{2},...,X_{n}$ be $n$ independent copies
of a non-negative random variable (rv) $X,$ defined over some probability
space $\left( \Omega,\mathcal{A},\mathbb{P}\right) ,$ with cumulative
distribution function (cdf) $F.\ $We assume th... |
1,941,325,221,148 | arxiv | \section{#1}}
\newcommand{\col}[2]{\left(\begin{array}{c} #1 \\ #2 \end{array}\right)}
\newcommand{\fl}[1]{ \lfloor #1 \rfloor }
\newcommand{\ket}[1]{\vert #1 \rangle}
\renewcommand{\mod}[1]{\ (\mathrm{mod}\ #1)}
\newcommand{\new}[1]{{\em #1}}
\newcommand{\bs}[1]{\ensuremath{\boldsymbol{#1}}}
\def\mathcal{M}{\mathcal{... |
1,941,325,221,149 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The primary intent of the ongoing nuclear collision programmes at
the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) and Large Hadron Collider (LHC) energies
is to create a new state of matter called Quark Gluon Plasma (QGP).
The bulk properties of this state is governed by the light quarks ($q... |
1,941,325,221,150 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The singularity theorems of Penrose and Hawking~\cite{Penrose:1964wq,Hawking:1970zqf} state that under the assumption of the presence of matter satisfying physically reasonable energy conditions,
the existence of singularities is unavoidable in General Relativity (GR).
However, it is widely... |
1,941,325,221,151 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The directional signalling capabilities of base stations (BSs) that have multiple transmit antennas enable a variety of techniques~\cite{SymbollevelandMulticast} for simultaneously transmitting independent messages to multiple single-antenna receivers, including dirty paper coding~\cite{TheCa... |
1,941,325,221,152 | arxiv | \section{INTRODUCTION}
Kelly betting is a prescription for optimal resource allocation among a set of gambles which are typically repeated in an independent and identically distributed manner. This type of wagering scheme was first introduced in the seminal paper~\cite{Kelly_1956}. Following this work, many applicati... |
1,941,325,221,153 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
The canonical $\Lambda$CDM scenario has proven to provide an excellent match to observations at high and low redshift, see for instance~\cite{Riess:1998cb,Perlmutter:1998np,Dunkley:2010ge,Hinshaw:2012aka,Ade:2013zuv,
Story:2014hni,Ade:2015xua,Alam:2016hwk,Troxel:2017xyo,Aghanim... |
1,941,325,221,154 | arxiv | \section{Introduction and Statement of Main Results}
Let $\mu$ be a weight on $\mathbb{R}$, i.e.~a function that is positive almost everywhere and is locally integrable. Then define $L^2(\mathbb{R};\mu)\equiv L^2(\mu)$ to be the space of functions which are square integrable with respect to the measure $\mu(x) dx$, n... |
1,941,325,221,155 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
A great deal of the dynamics of maximally supersymmetric gauge theories and string theories can be learned from the derivative expansion of the effective action, in appropriate phases where the low energy description is simple. On the other hand, it is often nontrivial to implement the full cons... |
1,941,325,221,156 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In several studies, the interest lies in drawing inference about the regression parameters of a marginal model for correlated, repeated or clustered multinomial variables with ordinal or nominal response categories while the association structure between the dependent responses is of secondary im... |
1,941,325,221,157 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction\protect\footnote{This paper has been updated from the original version, primarily to include results on BERT \citep{devlin2018bert}. See Appendix~\ref{appendix:camera-ready-changes} for a detailed list of changes.}}
Pretrained word embeddings \citep{mikolov2013distributed,pennington2014glove} ... |
1,941,325,221,158 | arxiv | \section{Abstract}
\noindent Neutron irradiation progressively changes the properties of zirconium alloys: they harden and their average c/a lattice parameter ratio decreases with fluence \cite{was2017fundamentals,onimus2012radiation,buckley1962properties,carpenter1981irradiation}. The bombardment by neutrons produc... |
1,941,325,221,159 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sec:intro}
The diffuse interstellar bands (DIBs) are more than 300 absorption lines in the optical
spectrum that reside in the interstellar medium (\citealt{1934PASP...46..206M}, \citealt{1995ARA&A..33...19H}).
See for example \citet{2008ApJ...680.1256H} for a recent DIB inventory.
DIBs ar... |
1,941,325,221,160 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
It is safe to say that in the study of the mathematics of origami, flat
origami has received the most attention. To put it simply, a {\em flat origami model} is
one which can be pressed in a book without (in theory) introducing new creases. We say
``in theory" because when one actually folds a... |
1,941,325,221,161 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Geophysical forecasting remains an active area of research because of its profound implications for economic planning, disaster management, and adaptation to climate change. Traditionally, forecasts for geophysical applications have relied on the confluence of experimental observations, statisti... |
1,941,325,221,162 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
It is important to understand the rheological properties of granular materials, for application in industry and several other fields \cite{Silbert2001, GDRMidi2004, Jop2006}.
The rheology of granular particles, under constant volume, has been intensively studied, and is known to change drastical... |
1,941,325,221,163 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
The color magnitude diagram of co-eval stellar populations in the Milky Way can be used to infer the age of its oldest stars. The age can also be estimated for individual stars if their metallicity and the distance to them are known. For resolved stellar populations, howev... |
1,941,325,221,164 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Contact geometers have long been fascinated with the subtle art of distinguishing tight contact structures from overtwisted one: the border between these two categories is poorly understood. In this paper, we investigate one manifestation of this problem: when does transverse surgery on transve... |
1,941,325,221,165 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\vspace{-2mm}
Over the past few decades, two of the most popular object recognition tasks, object detection and semantic segmentation, have received a lot of attention. The goal of object detection is to accurately predict the semantic category and the bounding box location for each object insta... |
1,941,325,221,166 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Recent high-throughput technologies bring to the statistical community new type of data being increasingly large, heterogeneous and complex. Addressing significance in such context is particularly challenging because of the number of questions that could naturally come up. A popular statistical ... |
1,941,325,221,167 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The standard model (SM) of particle physics has been enormously successful in describing all phenomena at the highest attainable energies thus far. Yet, it is widely believed to be only an effective description of a more complete theory which is valid at the highest energy scales. Of particular ... |
1,941,325,221,168 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\black{People who are Deaf and Hard-of-Hearing (DHH) consume a large volume of videos from video-sharing platforms (e.g., YouTube) for various reasons, such as entertainment, relaxation, and learning new skills. There is an imperative need for DHH individuals to have accessible video captions to... |
1,941,325,221,169 | arxiv | \section{Result}
The results are summarised in Table~\ref{table1}. We run three different
types of models: a scale independent case (``DGP''), a scale dependent
$k^2$ case (``$f(R)$''), and a true dark energy case fixing $c=0$ and
including dark energy perturbations in the calculations \cite{Zhao:2005vj}.
The time ... |
1,941,325,221,170 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Typical wavelength of gravitational waves from astrophysical compact
objects such as BH(black hole)-BH binaries is in some cases
very long so that
wave optics must be used instead of geometrical optics when
we discuss gravitational lensing.
More precisely,
if the wavelength becomes comparable... |
1,941,325,221,171 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In this paper we pursue a tight characterization of the sample complexity of
learning a classifier, under a particular data distribution, and using a
particular learning rule.
Most learning theory work focuses on providing sample-complexity upper bounds which hold for a large class of ... |
1,941,325,221,172 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Knowledge of the mass loss rates ($\dot{M}$) of red supergiants (RSGs) is fundamentally important for understanding stellar evolution. Changing $\dot{M}$\ has effects on the subsequent evolution of the star, as well as the supernova (SN) type and eventual remnant \citep[e.g.][]{maeder1981most,chi... |
1,941,325,221,173 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sec:introduction}
During the past 1\,Myr (the late Pleistocene), the polar ice sheets grew slowly (glaciation) then retreated abruptly (deglaciation or glacial termination) repeatedly, with an interval of about 100\,kyr \citep{hays76}. These quasi-periodic glacial-interglacial cycles domin... |
1,941,325,221,174 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:Introduction}
Clusters of galaxies are a powerful probe of astrophysics and cosmology \citep[][]{Voit2005}. For example, the cluster mass function is very sensitive to the cosmic mean matter density, to the initial fluctuation amplitude \citep[][]{PressSchechter1974,FrenkEtal1990,EkeC... |
1,941,325,221,175 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{S:Intro}
The rapid growth of wireless communications and the foreseen spectrum occupancy problems, due to the exponentially increasing consumer demands on mobile traffic and data, motivated the evolution of the concept of cognitive radio (CR) \cite{FCC_2002}.
CR systems require intelligent... |
1,941,325,221,176 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\subsection{Multiscale problems and the problem of sparsity}
Simulations of multiscale problems are expensive and, typically, require
some type of a model reduction.
Our approaches seek adaptive reduced-order models, locally in space,
and construct multiscale basis functions in each coarse r... |
1,941,325,221,177 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{Sec_Intro}
Radio-Frequency (RF) waves can be utilized for transmission of both information and power simultaneously. RF transmissions of these quantities have traditionally been treated separately. Currently, the community is experiencing a paradigm shift in wireless network design, namely ... |
1,941,325,221,178 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec-introduction}
Recognising that one part of an image contains a particular object, image
structure or set of local image features is a fundamental sub-problem in many
image processing and computer vision algorithms. For example, it can be used to
perform object detection or recognition... |
1,941,325,221,179 | arxiv | \section{Introduction and Abbreviations}
\subsection{Algebraic, topological, and set-theoretical weak choice forms}
Firstly, we study new relations of some algebraic, topological, and set-theoretical weak forms of $\mathsf{AC}$ with other weak forms of $\mathsf{AC}$.
\subsubsection{Weak choice forms} We reca... |
1,941,325,221,180 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Proton-rich radioactive ion-beam facilities offer the novel possibility
of exploring the structure
of nearly self-conjugate ($N \sim Z$) nuclei in the medium mass range
$Z \lesssim 50$. Special interest will be devoted to understanding
the proton-neutron
(pn) interaction, which
has long been ... |
1,941,325,221,181 | arxiv | \section{Introduction \label{Introduction}}
A microscopic understanding of the nuclear fission process
remains one of the most complex and challenging problem in
low-energy nuclear physics.
Although fission-barrier heights are not observable quantities, they
play an important role in determining whether th... |
1,941,325,221,182 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) have become the top one cause of death. 17.9 million people died from CVDs in 2019; three-quarters of these deaths occur in lower-income communities, according to World Health Organization (WHO).
Electrocardiogram (ECG) is a widely-used gold-standard [1] for the... |
1,941,325,221,183 | arxiv | \chapter{Introduction.}
The study of discretized two-dimensional quantum gravity (matrix models)
has received much attention in recent years,
thanks to the uncovering of the
solvability of a range of such models in the double scaling limit
\REFS\doug{M. Douglas and S. Shenker \journal Nucl.Phys.&B335(90)635
.}\REFSCON... |
1,941,325,221,184 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The notion of a {\it short star-product} for a filtered quantization $\mathcal A$ of a hyperK\"ahler cone was introduced by Beem, Peelaers and Rastelli in~\cite{BPR} motivated by the needs of 3-dimensional super\-conformal field theory (under the name ``star-product satisfying the truncation con... |
1,941,325,221,185 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:introduction}
Non-periodic tilings have received a lot of attention since the discovery of quasicrystals in the early 80s, because they provide a model of their structure.
Two prominent methods to define non-periodic tilings are {\em substitutions} and {\em cut and projection} (for a ... |
1,941,325,221,186 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sec:intro}
Inverse problems aim at inferring information about unknown parameters $u \in \mathcal U$ from observations $y \in \mathcal Y$ and a model
that relates parameters and observations. Denoting the model by
$\mathcal F : \mathcal U \to \mathcal Y$ and assuming additive
observation ... |
1,941,325,221,187 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In this paper we consider a mixture of Boltzmann and McKean-Vlasov type equations defined as follows. Let $\mathcal{P}_{1}({\mathbb{R}}^{d})$ denote the space
of probability measures on ${\mathbb{R}}^{d}$ with a finite first
moment. We consider $\rho \in \mathcal{P}_{1}({\mathbb{R}}^{d})$, ... |
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