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1,941,325,221,188 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Let $V$ be a finite dimensional real vector space, whose dimension we will always denote by $d.$ The \emph{dual space} $W$ of $V$ is another real vector space together with a perfect pairing $\langle\cdot,\cdot\rangle:W\times V \to \mathbb{R}$.
A \emph{polyhedron} $P \subset V$ is the solution s... |
1,941,325,221,189 | arxiv | \section*{Supplemental Material}
\def\begin{equation}{\begin{equation}}
\def\end{equation}{\end{equation}}
\def\begin{center}{\begin{center}}
\def\end{center}{\end{center}}
\def\begin{eqnarray}{\begin{eqnarray}}
\def\end{eqnarray}{\end{eqnarray}}
We consider a multiplex network with $M$ layers and adjacency matrix ... |
1,941,325,221,190 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Define $Y_d(n,p)$ to be the probability distribution on all $d$-dimensional simplicial complexes with $n$ vertices, with complete $(d-1)$-skeleton and with each $d$-dimensional face included independently with probability $p$. We use the notation $Y \sim Y_d(n,p)$ to mean that $Y$ is chosen acc... |
1,941,325,221,191 | arxiv | \section{#1}}
\topmargin -.6in
\def\nonumber{\nonumber}
\def\rf#1{(\ref{eq:#1})}
\def\lab#1{\label{eq:#1}}
\def\begin{eqnarray}{\begin{eqnarray}}
\def\end{eqnarray}{\end{eqnarray}}
\def\begin{equation}{\begin{equation}}
\def\end{equation}{\end{equation}}
\def\nonumber{\nonumber}
\def\lbrack{\lbrack}
\def\rbrack{\rbra... |
1,941,325,221,192 | arxiv | \section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro}
Galaxies with central surface brightnesses fainter than the night sky ($\sim$ 22.5 $B$ mag arcsec$^{-2}$ )
are defined as Low Surface Brightness Galaxies (LSBGs;
\citep[e.g.][]{Impey1997,Impey2001,Ceccarelli2012}.
In the local universe, LSBGs take up a fraction of $\sim$30\%--... |
1,941,325,221,193 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Quantum field theory is compactly written in terms of path integrals. Path
integrals have been specially usefull in dealing with symmetries, quantizing
gauge theories, etc. At some point, however, we need to calculate the path
integrals. The problem is that the only path integrals that we know h... |
1,941,325,221,194 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Nowadays, researchers have been increasingly tasked by funders and publishers to outline their research for the public by writing a lay summary. Therefore, it is essential to automatically generate lay summaries to reduce the workload for researchers as well as build a bridge between the public a... |
1,941,325,221,195 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The \emph{syntactic complexity}~\cite{BrYe11} $\sigma(L)$ of a regular language $L$ is defined as the size of its syntactic semigroup~\cite{Pin97}.
It is known that this semigroup is isomorphic to the transition semigroup of the quotient automaton ${\mathcal D}$ and of a minimal deterministic fi... |
1,941,325,221,196 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\IEEEPARstart{T}{he} performance of video compression has been continuously improved with the development from H.264/AVC\cite{h264}, H.265/HEVC\cite{h265} to H.266/VVC\cite{h266}. These standards share a similar hybrid video coding framework, which adopts prediction \cite{lainema2012intra,lin2013... |
1,941,325,221,197 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Intersecting D-branes provide an attractive, bottom-up route to standard-like model building \cite{Lust:2004ks}.
In these models one starts with
two stacks, $a$ and $b$ with $N_a=3$
and $N_b=2$, of D6-branes wrapping the three large spatial
dimensions plus 3-cycles of the six-dimensional ... |
1,941,325,221,198 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Turbulence is a ubiquitous phenomenon in nature, arising in neutral fluids such as in Earth's atmosphere and ocean as well as in astrophysical plasmas. The study of plasma turbulence is of great necessity because it is deeply related to fundamental nonlinear plasma physics and is crucial in unde... |
1,941,325,221,199 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Cosmological structure formation is a nonlinear process. It can be described either in Eulerian space, where the evolution equations contain terms quadratic in the deviations from a Friedmann-Robertson-Walker (FRW) Universe (the density contrast, the peculiar velocity, and all higher moments of ... |
1,941,325,221,200 | arxiv | \section{Finite size effects in observing the phase transition}
The quantum phase transition of the Dicke model only truly emerges in the thermodynamic limit $N\to\infty$ \cite{Emary2003_PRL,Emary2003_PRE}. It is thus important to consider the relevance
of finite size effects, specifically pertaining to the number of ... |
1,941,325,221,201 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Efficient energy transfer (ET) at the nanoscale is one of the major goals in the rapidly developing field of plasmonics. F\"{o}rster resonance energy transfer (FRET) \cite{forster-ap48,dexter-jcp53} between spacially separated donor and acceptor fluorophores, e.g., dye molecules or semiconduct... |
1,941,325,221,202 | arxiv | \section{Proof of Lemma~\ref{lem:stability}}\label{app:A}
Consider $T$ iterations of $\mathcal{A}_{\sf NSGD}$. Let $\mathbf{G}_1, \ldots, \mathbf{G}_T$ denote the noise vectors and $\mathcal{I}_1, \ldots, \mathcal{I}_T \in [n]^m$ denote the \emph{index} sets of the mini-batches selected in the $T$ iterations. Consider... |
1,941,325,221,203 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The World Wide Web has provided a means for people to share their opinions online through various text-based channels, such as online reviews and social media. Being able to use these opinions to accurately assess what people think of a certain product, person, or place is highly valuable in man... |
1,941,325,221,204 | arxiv | \section{Introduction} \label{sec_intro}
Understanding low-metallicity astrochemistry is crucial to unveil chemical processes in the past universe, where the metallicity was significantly lower than the present-day galaxies.
Observations of star-forming regions in nearby low-metallicity galaxies and comparative studi... |
1,941,325,221,205 | arxiv | \chapter*{Biography}
\end{frontmatter}
\begin{biography}
\section*{Sir Stanley Davidson (1894--1981)}
One or more blank lines denote the end of a paragraph. The ends of\index{index}
words and sentences are marked by spaces. It doesn't matter how many
spaces you type; one is as good as 100. The end of a lin... |
1,941,325,221,206 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Robotic grasping evaluation is a challenging task due to incomplete geometric information from single-view visual sensor data~\cite{varley2015generating}. Many probabilistic grasp planning models have been proposed to address this problem, such as Motel Carlo, Gaussian Process and uncertainty ana... |
1,941,325,221,207 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\IEEEPARstart{A}{utonomous} vehicles are required to operate in challenging urban environments that consist of a wide variety of agents and objects, making comprehensive perception a critical task for robust and safe navigation. Typically, perception tasks are focused on independently reasoning ... |
1,941,325,221,208 | arxiv | \section*{Introduction}
Diffeological spaces and Fr\"olicher spaces are two frameworks, developed independently in the 20th century, in order to define smoothness on objects where basic differential properties cannot be stated in a standard way. {Motivated by technical uncapacities to formulate properly applied probl... |
1,941,325,221,209 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro5}
Intervening massive structures can, via weak gravitational
lensing, alter the density of high-redshift objects detected
behind them.
Myers et al. (2003) demonstrated the anti-correlation between
faint QSOs and groups of galaxies, confirming the earlier detection by Boyle,
Fong... |
1,941,325,221,210 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Over the past ten years many diffraction suppression systems were developed for direct detection of extrasolar planets. At the same time, promising ground-based projects were proposed and are currently under development like SPHERE at the VLT \citep{2006Msngr.125...29B} and GPI \citep{2006SPIE.62... |
1,941,325,221,211 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\subsection{The many-worlds interpretation}
Any critique of the many-worlds interpretation of quantum mechanics
ought to begin by praising it. In the simplest form of the interpretation,
such as that presented by Everett in 1957
\cite{everett1957},
the universe is regarded as a closed quant... |
1,941,325,221,212 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In this paper we consider linear inverse problems of the form $Ax = b$ with $A\in
\mbbR^{m\times n}$, $x\in\mbbR^n$ and $b\in\mbbR^m$. Here, the right hand side $b$
is the perturbed version of the unknown exact measurements or observations $b_{ex}
= b + e$, with $e\sim\mc{N}(0, \sigma^2I_m)$.... |
1,941,325,221,213 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Let $G$ be a complex reductive Lie group and $B$ be its Borel
subgroup. The Bott-Samelson varieties are defined in \cite{BS67} and
\cite{De74} to desingularize the Schubert varieties $X$ in the flag
manifold $G/B$, and then used to study the Chow ring of $G/B$. In
representation theory, through... |
1,941,325,221,214 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The section of the Perseus arm visible from the Northern hemisphere is a Galactic region rich in young stars, with many OB associations and young open clusters \citep{hum1978}. Given its proximity to the Sun \citep[with typical distances ranging between 3~kpc at $l\sim100\degr$ to 2~kpc at $l\si... |
1,941,325,221,215 | arxiv |
\section{Empirical evaluation} \label{sec:case-studies}
\subsection{Research questions}
\input{research-questions}
\subsection{Subjects}
\label{subsec:subjects}
\input{subjects}
\subsection{Procedure and metrics}
\input{rq1-proc-metrics}
\input{rq2-proc-metrics}
\input{rq3-proc-metrics}
\subsection{Experimental Re... |
1,941,325,221,216 | arxiv | \section{}
We measure differential rotation and meridional flow in the Sun`s surface shear layer by tracking the motions of the magnetic network seen in magnetograms from SOHO/MDI and SDO/HMI over solar cycles 23, 24, and the start of 25 (1996-2022). We examine the axisymmetric flows derived from 15-24 daily measureme... |
1,941,325,221,217 | arxiv | \section{Introduction and outline}
The Standard Model (SM) is successful in describing the strong suppression of the FCNC and CP violating processes
but this success strongly relies on the pattern of fermion masses and mixing angles taken from experiment. It has since
long been a big theoretical challenge to find ex... |
1,941,325,221,218 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
A better understanding of the spectroscopic properties of atomic nuclei
with an odd number of nucleons still remains a major challenge for both
experimental and theoretical low-energy nuclear physics. The existence
of an unpaired nucleon in the nucleus implies the observation of many
new ef... |
1,941,325,221,219 | arxiv | \section{Introduction: Choice of Comparison Comets}
Widespread concerns about the survival of comet C/2012~S1 during its
forthcoming close encounter with the Sun imply that every effort should
be expended to monitor the comet's physical behavior during its journey
to perihelion. One way to contribute to this campaign ... |
1,941,325,221,220 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sec:intro}
The Sun emits energetic particles during coronal mass ejections (CME) and solar flares. The observed energies connected to these particles reach GeVs in extreme cases. At first, solar energetic particle (SEP) events were linked exclusively to solar flares \citepads{forbush46}, ... |
1,941,325,221,221 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Consider a randomly moving object that tries to cross a closed area or to run away from a known position. We want to compute the best spatial and temporal deployment of elementary search efforts in order to maximize the detection probability of this intelligent and randomly moving object. In our... |
1,941,325,221,222 | arxiv | \section*{Acknowledgements}
We would like to thank B. Acharya, T. Banks, K. Bobkov, R. Bousso,
O. DeWolfe, M. Dine, G. Kane, D. Marolf, L. McAllister, J. Polchinski and
S. Watson for many useful discussions.
KF thanks N. Arkani-Hamed for pointing out that chain inflation with
four forms is generic in the string landsc... |
1,941,325,221,223 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{Intro}
The spin-0 particle of mass around 125 GeV discovered by the ATLAS~\cite{Aad:2012tfa} and CMS~\cite{Chatrchyan:2012xdj} collaborations at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC)
apparently completes the particle spectrum of the Standard Model (SM).
Moreover, the couplings of this particle t... |
1,941,325,221,224 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Let $G$ denote a smooth quadric in $\mathbb{P}^5$ over the field of complex numbers, considered as the Pl\"ucker
quadric parametrizing lines in $\mathbb{P}^3$. A {\it quadratic complex} or to be more precise a {\it quadratic line complex}
is by definition a complete intersection $X = F \cap G$... |
1,941,325,221,225 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
Error exponent analysis has been an active area of research for quite a few decades.
The vast literature in this area can be categorized based on (i) whether the channel is memoryless or with memory; (ii) whether there is or is not channel output feedback to the transmitter; (... |
1,941,325,221,226 | arxiv | \section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro}
Lattice QCD is the method of choice for the accurate calculation of hadronic
matrix elements needed for a huge range of precision particle physics
phenomenology aimed at uncovering new physics.
Compelling evidence of new physics in the comparison of experiment
to the Standa... |
1,941,325,221,227 | arxiv | \section{#1} \setcounter{equation}{0} }
\newcommand{\begin{equation}}{\begin{equation}}
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\newcommand{\vspace{1cm}}{\vspace{1cm}}
\def1.2{1.2}
\def\psnormal{\textwidth=16cm\textheight=21.5cm
\oddsidemarg... |
1,941,325,221,228 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sec_intro}
\vspace{-0.14em}
Because of their excellent performance, graph-based codes are among the most attractive error correction techniques deployed in modern storage devices \cite{jia_sym, maeda_fl}. Non-binary (NB) codes offer superior performance over binary codes, and are thus well... |
1,941,325,221,229 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The E989 experiment at Fermilab(FNAL) has released its first measurement of the muon anomalous magnetic moment $a_\mu \equiv (g-2)_\mu/2$ with 460 ppb precision~\cite{Abi:2021gix}, which corroborates the previous E821 result at the Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL)~\cite{Bennett:2006fi} and in... |
1,941,325,221,230 | arxiv | \section{Conclusions and Future Work}\label{sec:contribution}
In this paper, we presented a novel experience-based pipeline for \acf{SAGAT}. Our approach enhances the deployment reliability of current state-of-the-art methods on grasp affordance detection, by extracting multiple grasp configuration candidates from a ... |
1,941,325,221,231 | arxiv | \section{THE PREHISTORIC ERA}
When heated up, physical systems
undergo phase transitions from
ordered to less ordered phases. This deep belief, encouraged by
everyday life experiences, would tell us that at high temperature
spontaneously broken symmetries of high energy physics get restored.
This, in fact, is what ... |
1,941,325,221,232 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The quantum Yang-Baxter equation (QYBE for short) \cite{bax,mc} plays an important role in the study of bialgebras. Coquasitriangular bialgebras give birth to solutions to the QYBE. On the other hand, Faddeev, Reshetikhin, and Takhtajan \cite{frt} introduced construction of coquasitriangular bia... |
1,941,325,221,233 | arxiv | \section*{Introduction}
Application of the unitarization procedure is an economy and convenient way to construct a true scattering amplitude obeying unitarity, in particular, when an input amplitude is not constrained by the unitarity. There are several different unitarization mechanisms generating the required fina... |
1,941,325,221,234 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Consider the two graphs shown in Figure \ref{fig:peterporcu}. One is the well-known Petersen graph which we denote by $\Pi$ and the other is a graph which is not so well-known which we sometimes refer to as Petersen's cousin, for reasons which will soon become apparent, and which we denote by $... |
1,941,325,221,235 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Stellar population synthesis is a powerful technique to study the
stellar contents of galaxies and star clusters (see, e.g.,
\citealt{Yungelson:1997}, \citealt{Tout:1997}, \citealt{Pols:1998},
\citealt{Hurley:2007}). It is also an important method to study the
formation and evolution of galaxies... |
1,941,325,221,236 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
With the introduction of ever more powerful architectures, neural machine translation (NMT) has become the most promising machine translation method \cite{kalchbrenner2013recurrent,sutskever2014sequence,bahdanau2014neural}.
For word representation, different architectures---including, but not lim... |
1,941,325,221,237 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The purpose of this article is to present a self-contained survey on several optimal isosystolic inequalities for the two-dimensional torus, and to prove a new such one. We will consider length metric structures arising from infinitesimal convex structures, namely Finsler (reversible or not) met... |
1,941,325,221,238 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
Expanding interest in cool objects and in high redshifts has driven continual progress in infrared astronomy, as enabled by tremendous improvements in detector sensitivity \citep{low2007}. Within the past decade, the Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer \citep[WISE;][]{wright2... |
1,941,325,221,239 | arxiv | \section{Introduction and Related Work}
\label{sec:intro}
Quality data~\cite{Everingham10,imagenet_cvpr09} has always played a pivotal role in the advancement of pattern recognition problems. Some of the key properties for any dataset are:- (i) a good sample distribution which can mimic the real world unseen examples, ... |
1,941,325,221,240 | arxiv | \section{Introduction: Causal cognition and its vulnerabilities
\label{Sec:Intro}
\input{1-cogsci-problem}
\section{Background: Causality theories and models}
\label{Sec:Causality}
\input{2-cogsci-background}
\section{Approach: Causes in boxes, tied with strings}\label{Sec:Category}
\input{3-cogsci-foreground}
\sect... |
1,108,101,562,368 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The non-archimedean symmetric spaces $\Omega = \Omega^{r}$ introduced by Drinfeld \cite{Drinfeld74} have shown great importance in the theories of modular and automorphic forms and of Shimura varieties, in the analytic uniformization
of algebraic varieties, in the representation theory of $\math... |
1,108,101,562,369 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The entanglement properties of quantum chains in their ground state
are by now rather well known. The most common measure is the
entanglement entropy calculated with the reduced density matrix for a
subsystem, usually a segment of the chain. This quantity was first
studied within field theory \c... |
1,108,101,562,370 | arxiv | \section{Notation}
We briefly summarise the notation used in the main manuscript and in this supplement:
\begin{itemize}
\item Discrete numbers of the two types of protein are denoted by $N_{\rm X}$ and $N_{\rm Y}$. We write $M_{\rm X}$ and $M_{\rm Y}$ for the number of mRNA molecules of the two types.
\item Variables... |
1,108,101,562,371 | arxiv | \section{\bf Introduction}
Lorentz symmetry violation (LSV) in QED has been studied by a number of authors concerned with
its consistency with causality, unitarity \cite{SCHR,KLINK1,KLINK2}, the structure of asymptotic
states and renormalisation theory \cite{KOST2,KOST4,LEHN}.
In previous papers \cite{ITD3,ITD4} we s... |
1,108,101,562,372 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The problem of quickest change detection (QCD) is of fundamental importance in a variety of applications and has been extensively studied in mathematical statistics (see, e.g., \cite{tartakovsky_sequential,tartakovsky_qcd2020,vvv_qcd_overview,xie_vvv_qcd_overview} for overviews). Given a sequ... |
1,108,101,562,373 | arxiv |
\section{Proof of Lemma~\ref{lemmb_1}}
\label{AppB}
\begin{lemma} The optimal solution of the non-convex optimization problem \textbf{P1} is obtained when the the output size is $m=2$.
\end{lemma}
\begin{proof}
Note that if $m=1$, then the optimal value of \textbf{P1} will be zero, and hence, we have $m\geq 2$. In t... |
1,108,101,562,374 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
These days, blockchain-based decentralized applications are designed for a variety of use cases. The society embraced the innovation of the blockchain technology and transformed its potential into ingenious software products. Since one of the main purposes of the blockchain technology is to remo... |
1,108,101,562,375 | arxiv | \section{\label{sec:intro}Introduction}
Photonic qubits are particularly useful for quantum information transfer over a long distance.
There are several different ways to encode qubit information in traveling light fields.
Probably the most well-known type uses the horizontal and vertical polarizations of a single pho... |
1,108,101,562,376 | arxiv |
\section{Atomic structure of Twisted Bilayer Graphene}
The atomic structure of twisted bilayer graphene (TBG) consists of two super-imposed graphene layers rotated by an angle $\theta$ and separated by a distance of $d_0 = 0.335$ nm. The axis of rotation is chosen to intersect two vertically aligned carbon atoms when... |
1,108,101,562,377 | arxiv | \chapter{Setup for the Complexes}
\section{Introduction}
We will study how local and global geometries affect heat kernels on a
set of metric spaces called Euclidean polyhedral complexes.
Euclidean complexes are formed by taking a collection of $n$
dimensional convex polytopes and joining them along $n-1$ dimensiona... |
1,108,101,562,378 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\begin{figure*}[t]
\includegraphics[width=\linewidth]{./figs/summarize_fig_2.pdf}
\vspace{-.5em}
\caption{\textbf{Realistic video simulation via geometry-aware composition for self-driving.} We proposed a novel data-driven image manipulation approach that inserts dynamic object... |
1,108,101,562,379 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
A charged drop of radius $a$ suspended in a medium with electrical permittivity, $\epsilon_e$ undergoes an instability when the total charge on the drop exceeds a critical value of $Q_c=8 \pi \sqrt{\gamma a^3 \epsilon_e}$, where $\gamma$ is the surface tension of the drop \cite{rayleigh1882}. Thi... |
1,108,101,562,380 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Expanders are sparse graphs with high connectivity properties.
Explicit constructions of expander graphs have potential applications
in computer science and
is an area of active research.
One of the most significant recent results on expanders is that Cayley
graphs of finite simple groups are ... |
1,108,101,562,381 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sec:intro}
In the current paradigm of structure formation, the concordance $\Lambda$CDM scenario, the dark matter halos that host galaxy systems are assembled hierarchically, through the merger and accretion of smaller subunits. One relic of this process is the presence of {\it substructur... |
1,108,101,562,382 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sec:Intro}
The problem of ranking a set of $n$ items is of significant recent interest due to its popularity in various machine learning problems, such as recommendation systems \citep{RecommendationSystem2010}, web search \citep{WebSearch2001}, crowd sourcing \citep{CrowdSourcing2013}, a... |
1,108,101,562,383 | arxiv | \subsection*{Methods}
\textbf{\emph{Green Bank Telescope Observations.}} Both NANOGrav and targeted observations were conducted using the Green bank Ultimate Pulsar Processing Instrument (GUPPI, \cite{dup08}). Observations at 1500 MHz were acquired with 800 MHz of bandwidth split into 512 frequency channels (which wer... |
1,108,101,562,384 | arxiv | \section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro}
Single-hidden layer neural networks are superpositions of \emph{ridge functions}. A ridge function is any multivariate function mapping $\R^d \to \R$ of the form
\begin{equation}
\vec{x} \mapsto \rho(\vec{w}^\T \vec{x}),
\label{eq:ridge-function}
\end{equation}
where $\... |
1,108,101,562,385 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Cosmic acceleration \cite{Riess:1998cb,Perlmutter:1998np} can be caused by
new fluids, new theories of gravity, or some admixture of both \cite{Uzan:2006mf}. This
uncertainty places a premium on descriptions of the so-called ``dark physics'' which remain
useful across different models and in sp... |
1,108,101,562,386 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\IEEEPARstart{I}{n} the presence of missing data, the representativeness of data samples may be reduced significantly and the inference about data is therefore distorted seriously. Given this pressing circumstance, it is crucially important to devise computational methods that can restore unseen ... |
1,108,101,562,387 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Branching processes have been applied widely to model epidemic
spread (see, e.g., the monographs by Andersson and Britton \citep
{hakanbritton},
Daley and Gani \citep{daleygani} and Mode and Sleeman \citep
{modesleemam}, and the review by
Pakes \citep{pakes}). The process describing the n... |
1,108,101,562,388 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
A regular closed embedded plane curve
can be parameterized as $X: S^1\rightarrow
\mathbb{R}^2, \varphi\mapsto (x(\varphi), y(\varphi))$. If the total length of $X$ is $L$, $X$ is usually
parameterized as $X: [0, L] \rightarrow\mathbb{R}^2, s\mapsto (x(s), y(s))$, where $s$ is the arc length para... |
1,108,101,562,389 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In the traditional ``core accretion" model of planet formation, growth of planets proceeds in a bottom-up manner. Planets begin their growth as rocky cores, or protoplanets. If these protoplanets reach sufficient size within the lifetime of the gas disk, they will be able to trigger runaway gas a... |
1,108,101,562,390 | arxiv | \section{Introduction} \label{sec:introduction}
Successful prediction of the heat loads on a spacecraft during atmospheric entry relies, among other things, on the completeness and accuracy of the model used to describe thermo-chemical nonequilibrium and transport phenomena in the flow~\cite{park90a}.
Modeling of such... |
1,108,101,562,391 | arxiv | \section{INTRODUCTION}
The phase diagram of Ca$_{2-x}$Sr$_{x}$RuO$_4$ \ exhibits a rich variety of physical
phenomena spanning the unconventional superconductor Sr$_2$RuO$_4$ \ to
the antiferromagnetic Mott-insulator Ca$_2$RuO$_4$ \cite{1,2,3,4}. The
essentially different character of these physical ground states
is q... |
1,108,101,562,392 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}
A task of major importance in the interplay between machine learning and network science is semi-supervised learning (SSL) over graphs. In a nutshell, SSL aims at predicting or extrapolating nodal attributes given: i) the values of those attributes at a subset of nodes a... |
1,108,101,562,393 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Among the candidates for a theory of quantum gravity, the
non-perturbative quantum gravity develops rapidly. In recent
years, as a non-perturbative quantum gravity scheme, Loop Quantum
Gravity (LQG) shows more and more strength on gravitational
quantization \cite{thiemann06}. LQG is rigorously co... |
1,108,101,562,394 | arxiv | \section{Introduction \label{s.1}}
General Relativity provides an excellent account of all known gravitational
phenomena, such as planetary orbits, gravitational lensing and the dynamics
of binary neutron stars. It also predicts the existence of black holes and
gravitational waves, which has motivated intense efforts ... |
1,108,101,562,395 | arxiv | \section{#1}\setcounter{equation}{0}}
\def\nappendix#1{\vskip 1cm\noindent{\bf Appendix #1}\def#1{#1}
\setcounter{equation}{0}}
\font\tendl=msbm10 scaled \magstep
\font\sevendl=msbm7 scaled \magstep1
\font\fivedl=msbm5 scaled \magstep1
\font\tengl=eufm10 scaled \magstep
\font\sevengl=eufm7 scaled \magstep1
\font\f... |
1,108,101,562,396 | arxiv | \section{Conclusion}
\vspace{-8pt}
In this paper, we take a step towards the problem of finding the optimal KD scheme given a pair of wanted student network and learned teacher network under a vision task.
Specifically, we setup a searching space by building pathways between the two networks and assigning a stochastic... |
1,108,101,562,397 | arxiv | \section{#1}\setcounter{figure}{0}
\newcommand{\begin{equation}}{\begin{equation}}
\newcommand{\end{equation}}{\end{equation}}
\newcommand{\begin{eqnarray}}{\begin{eqnarray}}
\newcommand{\end{eqnarray}}{\end{eqnarray}}
\newcommand{\nonumber}{\nonumber}
\newcommand{\textnormal}{\textnormal}
\newcommand{\mu \nu \rho}... |
1,108,101,562,398 | arxiv | \section*{references}
|
1,108,101,562,399 | arxiv | \section{Appendix}
\subsection{Agent Outcomes}
\begin{proof}[Proof of Theorem~1]
Let's walk through the steps of the algorithm, bounding the error that accumulates along the way.
In the first round we set $\omega = 0$ in order to obtain an estimate for
$E[{\omega^*}^T x]$.
Since $\omega^*$ is a unit vector, the va... |
1,108,101,562,400 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
There has recently been interest in interpreting the
cosmological constant in an asymptotically de Sitter or anti-de Sitter
black hole space-time to be a pressure in a thermodynamic sense.
The thermodynamically conjugate variable would then be interpreted as a
volume associated to the black hol... |
1,108,101,562,401 | arxiv | \section*{Introduction}
Given a number field ${\rm K}$ and a prime number $p$,
the tame version of the conjecture of Fontaine-Mazur (conjecture (5a) of \cite{FM}) asserts that every finitely and tamely ramified continuous
Galois representation $\rho : {\rm Gal}(\overline{{\rm K}}/{\rm K}) \rightarrow {\rm Gl}_m... |
1,108,101,562,402 | arxiv | \section{Introduction} \label{intro}
T Tauri stars (TTS) are by definition variable stars, named after their
prototype T Tau. Variability in this class of objects is ubiquitous and
has inspired a long history of study \citep[e.g.,][]{joy45, joy49,
rydgren76}. The majority of more recent studies have focused on their
o... |
1,108,101,562,403 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In the CUORE experiment \cite{CUORE-NIMA}, an array of 988 TeO$_2$~ bolometers will be used to search for neutrinoless double beta decay (\ensuremath{\beta\beta0\nu}) with the aim of investigating the nature and the absolute mass of neutrinos. CUORE bolometers are operated as thermal calorimeter... |
1,108,101,562,404 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Sequential recommendation has now been more widely studied, characterized by its well-consistency with real-world recommendation situations. Recently, deep learning (DL) based methods, which have contributed to significant performance improvement in diverse fields, have been adopted in sequential... |
1,108,101,562,405 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The extremely precise photometry and nearly continuous observations
provided by the {\it Kepler} satellite have led to the discovery of a
number of transiting planetary systems around stellar binaries.
At the time of this writing, six such circumbinary systems are known,
including Kepler-16 (... |
1,108,101,562,406 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sec:intro}
Energy prediction problems are essential for operating, monitoring, and optimizing (efficiency, cost) in diverse energy systems, from the supply side (e.g., wind energy, solar energy, power systems, battery) to the demand side (e.g., load monitoring, usage of electric vehicles, b... |
1,108,101,562,407 | arxiv |
\section{Interpretable User Clustering}
\label{sec:clustering}
In this section, we study what the typical new users are like on Snapchat and how they connect to the social network. We aim to find an interpretable clustering of new users based on their initial behaviors and evolution patterns when they interact with... |
1,108,101,562,408 | arxiv | \section{Acknowledgment}
We acknowledge useful conversations with D. Xiao and R. deSousa.
Research sponsored by the Laboratory Directors Fund of Oak Ridge National Laboratory.
The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author
upon reasonable request.
|
1,108,101,562,409 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Flexible dynamic utilization methods are needed to manage intermittent resources, such as wind power, during both normal and contingency operating conditions \cite{nyiso}. One way of managing this is to deploy fast-responding storage, and have stand-by reserves. However, the amount of storage a... |
1,108,101,562,410 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{intro}
A large amount of data is needed to train robust and generalizable machine learning models. A single institution often does not have enough data to train such models effectively.
Meanwhile, there are emerging regulatory and privacy concerns about the data sharing and management~\cite... |
1,108,101,562,411 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
This manuscript is aimed at addressing several long standing limitations of dynamic mode decompositions (DMD) in the application of Koopman analysis. Principle among these limitations are the convergence of associated Dynamic Mode Decomposition algorithms and the existence of Koopman modes, wher... |
1,108,101,562,412 | arxiv |
\section{experimental setup}
The entire control and readout layout of the experiment is shown in Fig. \ref{Wiring}. Electronic devices for qutrit readout, Josephson parametric amplifier (JPA) control, and qutrit control are displayed from top to bottom.
The readin and XY control signals are the mixtures of low-frequ... |
1,108,101,562,413 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Church's type theory~\cite{Church40} is a basic
formulation of higher-order logic.
Henkin~\cite{Henkin50} found a natural class of models
for which Church's Hilbert-style proof system turned
out to be complete. Equality, originally expressed
with higher-order quantification, was later identifie... |
1,108,101,562,414 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In every day and every place, various events are being reported in the form of texts,
and many of these don't present hierarchical and standard locations.
In the context-aware text, location is a fundamental component that supports a wide range of applications.
We need to focus on the normalizin... |
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