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1,108,101,564,215 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Studying stability and instability of nonlinear waves and coherent structures informs our understanding of spatially extended nonlinear systems, with examples of applications that are of particular relevance to the present work ranging from instability in fluids \cite{doi:10.1146/annurev.fluid.37... |
1,108,101,564,216 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Topological defects appear everywhere in physics. Ranging from gravitation and cosmology to Bose-Einstein condensates they are associated to symmetry-breaking phase transitions. In particular, they appear in the isotropic-to-nematic phase transition of calamitic liquid crystals in the form of hed... |
1,108,101,564,217 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
One of the most essential characteristics of black holes are the
resonant frequencies of the response to external perturbations,
called quasinormal frequencies \cite{Kokkotas-99}. Being an analog
of normal modes for open systems, they do not depend on the way in
which the system is perturbed, ... |
1,108,101,564,218 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{intro}
Language is an innate mechanism that humans develop \cite{Malmberg2012}. People with hearing problems also seek a way to communicate and need to develop a language that is directly accessible and effective for them. One such language is sign language \cite{Kushwah2017}. Sign languag... |
1,108,101,564,219 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
A vector space $A$ is called a Poisson algebra provided that, beside addition, it has two $\mathbb{K}$-bilinear
operations which are related by derivation. First, with respect to multiplication, $A$
is a commutative associative algebra; denote the multiplication by $\mu(a,b)$ (or $a\cdot b$ or $... |
1,108,101,564,220 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Hankel operators form an important class of operators on spaces of holomorphic functions. Initially there were two descriptions of Hankel operators, one considered it as an operator on the one-sided sequence space $l^2$ into itself, and the other as an operator from the Hardy space $H^2$ of the ... |
1,108,101,564,221 | arxiv | \subsection{#1}
\def\mysection#1{\refstepcounter{section}\subsection{#1}}
\def\mysubsection#1{\subsubsection{#1}}
\def\arabic{equation}{\arabic{equation}}
\font\fourteenbf=cmbx10 scaled\magstep2
\def\normalsize{\normalsize}
\def\normalsize{\normalsize}
\def\note#1{}
\def\goodbreak\noindent{\bf Proof\quad}{\goodbreak\n... |
1,108,101,564,222 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
A chiral helimagnet is one of the attractive magnetic materials.
In this material, magnetic moments form either left- or right-handed helical rotation.
The schematic magnetic structure of the chiral helimagnet is shown in Fig.~\ref{chm_csl}(a).
This helical configuration of magnetic moments comes... |
1,108,101,564,223 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Yang-Baxter equation (YBE) was originated from solving the
repulsive $\delta$ interaction problem in one-dimension of $N$
particles \cite{th1,th1-1},
and problems of statistical models on lattices \cite{th2,th2-2,th3}.
Today, Yang-Baxter equation has become an important tool in physics, an... |
1,108,101,564,224 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\hspace{\parindent}
The standard Einstein's gravity theory corresponds to an
open region in the real section of the Ashtekar's theory phase space.
The boundary\footnote{Meaning here just the closure of the region minus
the region itself.} of that region is set up by degenerate data.
There... |
1,108,101,564,225 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec0}
Informally, the zero-range particle system follows a collection of
dependent random walks on the lattice $\mathbb Z^d$ where, from a vertex with
$k$ particles, one of the particles displaces by $j$ with rate
$(g(k)/k)p(j)$. The function on the non-negative integers $g:\mathbb N_0
\... |
1,108,101,564,226 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Kauffman networks are disordered dynamical systems proposed by Kauffman in
1969 as a model for genetic regulatory systems \cite{K}. They
attracted the interest of physicists in the 80's \cite{DP,DW,DF1,F,FK},
due to their analogy with the disordered systems studied in
statistical mechanics, such... |
1,108,101,564,227 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Classical radio galaxies are the quintessential type II active galactic
nuclei (AGN): accreting super-massive black holes that have their continuum
emission in the UV/optical/NIR absorbed by dust, thus primarily giving them
the appearance of {\it normal} star-forming galaxies at these wavel... |
1,108,101,564,228 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{I}
Recently, it has been recognized that thermal recombination of quarks plays an
important role for hadron production at intermediate $p_t$ in relativistic
heavy-ion collisions. This idea, first studied in Refs.~\cite{recomb,Fries},
explains the formation of low to intermediate $p_t$ hadr... |
1,108,101,564,229 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
A small business is one that has fewer than 1,500 employees and a maximum of \$38.5 million in average annual receipts, according to the Small Business Administration. Small businesses, though, often lack the size, assets (for collateral), financial history, or data that are typically used by tr... |
1,108,101,564,230 | arxiv |
\section*{Acknowledgements}
The authors would like to thank David Chiang and Katrin Kirchhoff for their support of this research.
\section{Analysis}
\label{sec:analysis}
\subsection{Performance curves}
\label{sec:perf-curve}
\Cref{fig:dev_bleus} shows that \textsc{PreNorm}\ not only learns faster than \textsc{Pos... |
1,108,101,564,231 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sec:intro}
With the explosive bandwidth demand of wireless devices, milli-meter Wave (mmWave) is considered a promising solution to the spectrum scarcity problem. mmWave provides a large spectrum in the above-$6$ GHz band, i.e., Frequency Range 2 (FR-2). In contrast to sub-$6$ GHz band, FR-... |
1,108,101,564,232 | arxiv |
\section{INTRODUCTION}
\label{sec:intro}
\input{section/intro_and_related_works}
\section{SENSOR DESIGN}
\label{sec:sensor_design}
\input{section/sensor_design}
\section{MODEL-BASED APPROACH}
\label{sec:model_based}
\input{section/model_based_approach}
\section{DEEP-LEARNING BASED APPROACH}
\label{sec:learning_base... |
1,108,101,564,233 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
For many years, Artificial Intelligence research has been focusing on inventing
new algorithms and approaches for solving similar kinds of problems. In some
scenarios, a new algorithm is clearly superior to previous approaches. In the
majority of cases however, a new approach will improve over t... |
1,108,101,564,234 | arxiv | \chapter{Introduction}
\medskip
\REF\topquark{F. Abe \etal\ [CDF Collaboration], {\sl Phys. Rev. Lett.}
{\bf 74} (1995) 2626;
S. Abachi \etal\ [D0 Collaboration], {\sl Phys. Rev. Lett.}
{\bf 74} (1995) 2632.}
\REF\lepglobal{M.G. Alviggi \etal\ [LEP Electroweak Working Group],
LEPEWWG/95-01 (1995); M. Calvi, invited t... |
1,108,101,564,235 | arxiv | \section*{Abstract}
Large whole-genome sequencing projects have provided access
to much of the rare variation in human populations, which is
highly informative about population structure and recent
demography. Here, we show how the age of rare variants can be
estimated from patterns of haplotype sharing and how these a... |
1,108,101,564,236 | arxiv | \section{Motivation and Introduction}
\label{sec:introduction}
The interaction between the building blocks of matter typically
involve potentials with a power law dependence. For charged particles
this is the long-range Coulomb potential ($\propto \frac{1}{r}$) \cite{Jackson} whereas for neutral
constituents such as ... |
1,108,101,564,237 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}
For $a\in {\mathbb R}^2$, let $P_a$ be the radial projection from $a$:
$$
P_a:\ {\mathbb R}^2 \setminus \{a\} \longrightarrow S^1,\ \ \ P_a(x) =
\frac{(x-a)}{|x-a|}\,.
$$
\input{abra2.tex}
A special case of our theorem asserts that the ``four corner Cantor
set" of contraction ratio $1/4$ has r... |
1,108,101,564,238 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Quantum entanglement and nonclassicality of quantum correlations seemed to appear as two sides of the same coin. However some discrepancies from this picture were found. Firstly, it was shown that there exist weakly entangled states that do not give rise to nonclassical correlations \cite{Werner... |
1,108,101,564,239 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Let $C$ be a non-empty finite set, and
$\Gamma$ a subgroup of the symmetric group $S(C)$.
Given a bijection $f:A \times C \to B \times C$,
the problem of \emph{$\Gamma$-equivariant division} is to
find a \emph{quotient bijection} $h:A \to B$
respecting whatever symmetries $f$ may have under
th... |
1,108,101,564,240 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sec1}
Over the last 15 years, a lot of progress has been achieved in
high-dimensional statistics where the number of parameters can be much
larger than sample size, covering (nearly) optimal point estimation,
efficient computation and applications in many different areas; see, for
ex... |
1,108,101,564,241 | arxiv | \section{Overview of the Large-$N_c$ Approach to Meson-Baryon Scattering}
\label{sec:introdn}
It is well known\cite{tHooft,Veneziano,WittenI,ColWit,Georgi,Luty}
that QCD simplifies greatly in the limit
$N_c\rightarrow\infty$, $N_c$ being the number of colors.
Not surprisingly, the large-$N_c$ limit has likewise pr... |
1,108,101,564,242 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
It is well known that vortex motion under the action of an applied current in superconducting films in a perpendicular magnetic field $B$ at high dissipation levels becomes unstable at some critical vortex velocity $v^\ast$. For the flux flow regime at temperatures near the superconducting trans... |
1,108,101,564,243 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{s-intro}
A {\it blocker problem} asks whether given a graph $G$, a graph parameter $\pi$, a set $\mathcal{O}$ of one or more graph operations and an integer $k \geq 1$, $G$ can be transformed into a graph $G'$ by using at most $k$ operations from $\mathcal{O}$ such that $\pi(G') \leq \pi(... |
1,108,101,564,244 | arxiv | \section*{Supplemental Material}
\subsection{Generating functional for exponential correlation functions}
\label{sec:exp_phi}
Here we provide detailed derivation of the phase correlation functions Eq. (8) of the main text.
The imaginary time action for the Hamiltonian Eq. (7) reads
\begin{equation}
S[\phi_i(\tau)]... |
1,108,101,564,245 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sec:intro}
In the last few years there has been a great deal of interest in
the `landscape' program as a mechanism for extracting phenomenological
predictions from string theory by doing statistics on sets of potential
vacua. One of the potential problems with this program is that the
pot... |
1,108,101,564,246 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Hypothesis testing on large covariance matrices has received considerable attention in the past decade.
The covariance matrices not only have the fundamental importance in multivariate statistics such as discriminant analysis, principal component analysis, and clustering \citep{anderson2003intro... |
1,108,101,564,247 | arxiv | \section{Related Work}
There exists a number of works in the literature that have tackled continuous planning for IMU-aided systems. A common approach used, which is optimization based, generates minimum snap trajectories for quadrotor systems~\cite{mellinger2011minimum}. The approach generates trajectories that minimi... |
1,108,101,564,248 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}
ACM's consolidated article template, introduced in 2017, provides a
consistent \LaTeX\ style for use across ACM publications, and
incorporates accessibility and metadata-extraction functionality
necessary for future Digital Library endeavors. Numerous ACM and
SIG-specific \LaTeX\ templates ha... |
1,108,101,564,249 | arxiv | \section{Fermi surface and orbital dependent superconducting gap}
In FeSe, it has been reported that the Fermi pockets in the nematic state are extremely small and shallow. Figure\,S1(a) shows a schematic illustration of the Fermi surface of FeSe in the nematic state in the unfolded Brillouin zone proposed in Ref.~[15]... |
1,108,101,564,250 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{intro}
Despite extensive studies during last decades,
physics of the light scalar mesons $a_0(980)$
($I^G(J^{PC}) = 1^-(0^{++})$), $f_0(980)$ and $f_0(600) \equiv
\sigma$ ($I^G(J^{PC}) = 0^+(0^{++})$) is far from complete
understanding. In particular, there are doubts whether simple quar... |
1,108,101,564,251 | arxiv | \section{\label{}}
\section{Introduction} \label{sec: intro}
The energy-level properties of excited nuclei (called the nuclear level scheme), which include the level energies, spins, parities, and gamma-rays associated with the excited levels, are important for the study of nuclear structure physics, nuclear reactions... |
1,108,101,564,252 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}\label{sec:intro}
\lipsum[1-7]
\else
\section{Introduction}\label{sec:intro}
In this paper, we propose what we believe is the first fully-distributed method for the estimation of all the quantities and parameters needed by a team of ground (planar) mobile robots to collectively manipulate an... |
1,108,101,564,253 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The moduli space $\mathscr{F}$ of polarized K3 surfaces is often constructed as the arithmetic quotient of a Hermitian symmetric domain, and comes with a natural Baily-Borel compactification $\mathscr{F} \subset \mathscr{F}^*$. A long standing problem has been to compare this compactifcation with... |
1,108,101,564,254 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Human spatial action localization and classification in videos are
challenging tasks that are key to better video understanding. Action
detection is especially challenging, as it requires localizing the actor in the
scene, as well as classifying the action. This is done for every frame in a
video... |
1,108,101,564,255 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{S72}
\subsection{Description of the problem investigated}
In recent years there has been a rapid development in the field of self-similar Iterated Function Systems (IFS) with overlapping construction. Most importantly, Hochman \cite{Hochman} proved for any self-similar measure $\nu$ that ... |
1,108,101,564,256 | arxiv | \section*{Executive summary}
Magnetic fields are involved in every astrophysical process on every scale: from planetary and stellar
interiors to neutron stars, stellar wind bubbles and supernova remnants; from the interstellar medium in
galactic disks, nuclei, spiral arms and halos to the intracluster and intergalactic... |
1,108,101,564,257 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Over the past few decades, scattering polarization and its
modification in the presence of a magnetic field
have become fundamental diagnostics of many physical properties
of astrophysical plasmas \citep{review-1,review-2}. In particular,
spectrally resolved observations of the polarized radia... |
1,108,101,564,258 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Fractal structures have been observed in a large variety of experimental
systems in physics, chemistry and
biology.\cite{Mandelbrot,Feder,Avnir:book,Bunde,Stanley,Schroeder} Unlike
exact (mathematical) fractals which are constructed to maintain scale
invariance over many orders of magnitude, and... |
1,108,101,564,259 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{intro}
Let $\mca E$ be a locally free sheaf on a projective line $\bb P^1$ over a field $k$.
As was proven by Grothendieck \cite{Gr}, the sheaf $\mca E$ decomposes into a direct sum of line bundles on $\bb P^1$ and the decomposition is unique up to isomorphisms.
Hence we have a complet... |
1,108,101,564,260 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The usage of integrable techniques in the context of the gauge-string correspondence \cite{M} provided us with an unpreceded analytic insight
into the problem of higher orders of perturbation theory in the planar maximally supersymmetric ${\cal N}=4$ gauge theory, as well as with important res... |
1,108,101,564,261 | arxiv | \section*{Introduction}
Imaging electronic dynamics in molecules immediately following photoexcitation is of utmost interest to photochemistry as the first few femtoseconds can determine the fate of ensuing reactions \cite{Worner2017, Wolter2016, Kubel2016}. Electronic and nuclear dynamics have been probed with attosec... |
1,108,101,564,262 | arxiv | \section{INTRODUCTION}
Observations of distant Supernovae (SNe Ia) (Perlmutter et al. 1997, 1998, 1999; Riess et al. 1998, 2000; Garnavich et al. 1998a,b; Schmidt et al. 1998; Tonry et al. 2003; Clocchiatti et al. 2006), fluctuation of cosmic microwave background radiation (CMBR) (de Bernardis et al. 1998; Hanany et a... |
1,108,101,564,263 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Since the discovery of multiferroic properties in TbMnO$_3$,\cite{Kimura} the field of multiferroic
materials have attracted a lot of interest.\cite{Fiebig,Eerenstein,Maxim} This interest arises from the emergence of
new fundamental physics\cite{electromagnon} and potential
technological appli... |
1,108,101,564,264 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In 1976 Ribe~\cite{Ribe76} (see
also~\cite{Ribe78}, \cite{HM82}, \cite{Bourgain87}, \cite{BL00}) proved that if $X$ and
$Y$ are uniformly homeomorphic Banach spaces then $X$ is finitely
representable in $Y$, and vice versa ($X$ is said to be finitely
representable in $Y$ if there exists a const... |
1,108,101,564,265 | arxiv | \section{Introduction.}
The
recent tunneling experiments on Ga$_{1-x}$Mn$_x$As by
Richardella et al.~\cite{Yazdani} have demonstrated critical,
multifractal correlations in the local
tunneling density of states at the
metal-insulator transition in this semiconductor. While this would
be expected from the theory of Ande... |
1,108,101,564,266 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Resonance energy transfer (RET) \cite{Forster1946,GovorovBook,Jones2019} constitutes an important mechanism through which an excited quantum emitter (donor) may transfer its energy to a neighboring one in the ground state (acceptor). Amid the several situations where RET plays a relevant role, ... |
1,108,101,564,267 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction
The training of a machine learning model is often represented through an optimization problem. The goal is to calibrate the model's parameters to optimize its goodness-of-fit with respect to training data. The goodness-of-fit is usually quantified through a loss function that sums up the losses ... |
1,108,101,564,268 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{intro}
Network analysis consists of numerous tasks including community detection~\cite{fortunato2010community}, role discovery~\cite{rossi2015role}, link prediction~\cite{liben2007link}, etc. As relations exist between nodes that disobey the \textit{i.i.d} assumption, it is non-trivial to ... |
1,108,101,564,269 | arxiv | \section{\label{sec:introduction}Introduction}
Two-phase xenon detectors have become a leading detector technology in searches for WIMP (weakly interacting massive particle) dark matter \cite{Akerib:2016,PandaX,XENON100}, searches for axions and axion-like particles \cite{Aprile:2014,Akerib:2017}, and detection of cohe... |
1,108,101,564,270 | arxiv | \section{}
The Landau-Lifshitz equations for a double sublattice weak ferromagnet can be
represented in the form~\footnote[1]{For definiteness, we examine a crystal of rhombic symmetry.}
\begin{equation} \label{1}
\begin{aligned}
\dot{\bm{M} }_i &= \gamma \left [ \bm{M}_i ,\frac{\delta W }{\delta \bm{M}_i}\right ]... |
1,108,101,564,271 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The charm quark is the lightest of the heavy quarks.
Yet, the value of its mass $m_c$ is much larger than the scale $\Lambda_{\rm QCD}$
of Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD), i.e., $m_c \gg \Lambda_{\rm QCD}$.
Thus, scattering processes involving charm quarks are subject to QCD dynamics
at scales o... |
1,108,101,564,272 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The birth of coorbit theory dates back to the 1980ies,
starting with a series of papers by Feichtinger and Gröchenig~\cite{FeGr86, Gr88, Gr91}.
The main intention was to characterize function spaces via an abstract
transform, the so-called voice transform.
In the original setup, this transform ... |
1,108,101,564,273 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
It has been well-known that Dirichlet forms provide an elegant way to characterize Markov processes. Any regular symmetric Dirichlet form admits a symmetric Hunt process (see, for instance, \cite[Theorem 1.5.1, Theorem 3.1.12]{CF}) associated with it. Furthermore, there is a one-to-one correspo... |
1,108,101,564,274 | arxiv | \section*{Introduction}
It was about 8:00 pm on Saturday, May $26^{\textrm{\tiny th}}$, 2018, when firemen were alerted by pedestrians that a child was hanging on the railing of
the $4^{\textrm{\tiny th}}$ floor of a building in Paris (France)\cite{LCI,Parisien,FranceSoir1,CNews,China}. When they arrived on the scene, ... |
1,108,101,564,275 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Thermal effects cause many challenges in a broad variety of semiconductor
devices. Thermal instabilities limit the safe-operating area of high
power devices and modules in electrical energy technology \citep{Lutz2011,Schulze2012},
electro-thermal feedback loops lead to catastrophic snapback phen... |
1,108,101,564,276 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Braneworld cosmology is based on the scenario in which matter is confined
on a brane moving in the higher dimensional bulk
with only gravity allowed to propagate in the bulk \cite{arkani,antoniadis}.
Among many braneworld models a particularly important are the two versions of the Ran... |
1,108,101,564,277 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The Fermi liquid \cite{lifshitz2013statistical, pines2018theory} is a conventional and ubiquitous phase of matter in condensed matter physics, modeling the universal low-energy features of electrons in metals. Despite its long history of study, there has been renewed interest in the Fermi liquid... |
1,108,101,564,278 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
\begin{figure*}
\setlength{\fboxsep}{0pt}
\centering
~\hfill \fbox{\includegraphics[height=4cm]{arrangement1-croppedSmall.JPG}}
\fbox{\includegraphics[height=4cm]{arrangement2-croppedSmall.JPG}}
\fbox{\includegraphics[height=4cm]{arrangement3-croppedSmall.JPG}}\hfill
\fbox{\inc... |
1,108,101,564,279 | arxiv | \section{\@startsection {section}{1}{\z@
{-3.5ex \@plus -1ex \@minus -.2ex
{2.3ex \@plus.2ex
{\normalfont\large\bfseries}}
\renewcommand\subsection{\@startsection{subsection}{2}{\z@
... |
1,108,101,564,280 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec_intro}
In these lectures we wish to provide an introduction to the
phase structure of QCD. The phase of QCD that we live in is
characterized by the permanent confinement of quarks, and the
existence of a large mass gap. There are several reasons for
trying to understand whether o... |
1,108,101,564,281 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Historically, thermodynamics started with the goal of trying to understand how to convert heat into useful mechanical motion. For that purpose, steam engines have been developed which revolutionized our lives. Other useful thermal machines, such as refrigerators and heat pumps, followed. Naturall... |
1,108,101,564,282 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:introduction}
Laboratory plasma-astrophysics has became one of the most significant branches engrossing in astrophysics over the last decades. As an alternative method apart from the classical observation and numerical simulation \cite{Overview1, Overview2}, it provides a novel methodo... |
1,108,101,564,283 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Exactly four centuries ago, spots on the surface of the Sun were first detected by Galileo. Sunspots are cool regions of strong concentration of magnetic fields on the photosphere of the Sun. Presently, thanks to the observations with unprecedented photometric precision of the CoRoT satellite \c... |
1,108,101,564,284 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The purpose of this paper is to give a reasonably self-contained account of some key geometric features of a class of (nonlinear) scalar second order hyperbolic partial dif\/ferential equations (PDE) in the plane (i.e.\ in two independent variables) that has received surprisingly very little at... |
1,108,101,564,285 | arxiv | \section*{Appendix \thesection\protect\indent \parbox[t]{11.15cm}{#1}}
\addcontentsline{toc}{section}{Appendix \thesection\ \ \ #1}}
\newcommand{\begin{eqnarray}}{\begin{eqnarray}}
\newcommand{\end{eqnarray}}{\end{eqnarray}}
\newcommand{\begin{eqnarray}}{\begin{eqnarray}}
\newcommand{\end{eqnarray}}{\end{eqnarray}}
\n... |
1,108,101,564,286 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Observations have ever confirmed the so-called transient period of acceleration (TPA)~\cite{ob}, in this regard any realistic cosmological model should include component(s) with negative pressure. In this work we consider a spatially flat Friedmann-Roberston-Walker (FRW) cosmology where the co... |
1,108,101,564,287 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
High-speed flows (e.g. hypersonic flows \cite{Anderson}) and space plasmas \cite{Poedts} are typically characterized by strong shocks, shock/shock and/or shock/diffusion layers interactions. The numerical simulation of such flow problems may require extremely fine meshes over narrow regions of th... |
1,108,101,564,288 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Compactness and nuclearity conditions, which characterize phase space properties, proved useful in the study of many aspects of Quantum Field Theory \cite{HS, BW, BJ, Scaling, Bos1, Bos2, Gan1}. Verification of phase space conditions in models \cite{BW,BJ1,universal,BP, Bos1, Dyb} is an integral ... |
1,108,101,564,289 | arxiv | \section*{Acknowledgement}
We thank S.H. Shao, Y. D. Huang and C. I. Chiang for interesting and inspiring discussions. This research is supported by Taiwan National Science Council under
Project No. NSC 97-2112-M-002-026-MY3 and by US Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC03- 76SF00515. We also thank the support... |
1,108,101,564,290 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:Intro}
Consider the stochastic heat equation
\bel{eq000}
\frac{\partial u(t,x)}{\partial t} =
\frac{\partial^2 u(t,x)}{\partial x^2} +
u(t,x) \dot{W},
\ee
where $\dot{W}$ is a Gaussian white noise.
Motivated by various applications in physics, equation
\eqref{eq000} is of... |
1,108,101,564,291 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Image analysis as the intersection of digital signal processing, mathematical models, and machine perception has made a big advance in variety of scientific and commercial applications consisting biomedicine, medicine, and industry by assisting the extraction of semantic information from digital ... |
1,108,101,564,292 | arxiv | \section{I. INTRODUCTION}
Since the successful exfoliation of various two dimensional (2D) crystals in 2005~\cite{Novoselov2005}, the layered materials in a single layer as well as bulk forms have attracted serious attention owing to their versatile physical properties~\cite{Gupta2015,Geim2013}. Among them, the layere... |
1,108,101,564,293 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
It would be desirable to create an artificial system that exploits the basic principles of natural photosynthesis in order to
produce energy in an usable form \cite{GustSc89,Gust01,Crabtree07,LaVan06,Wasiel06,Hambourger09,Barber09}. Indeed, natural
photosynthetic structures efficiently convert th... |
1,108,101,564,294 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) \cite{lideng}, thanks to the substantial performance improvement achieved with modern deep learning technologies \cite{Goodfellow-et-al-2016-Book}, has recently been applied in several fields,
and it is currently used by millions of users worl... |
1,108,101,564,295 | arxiv |
\section{For every submission}
\subsection{Did you discuss the \textit{limitations} of your work?}
If you answer {\bf Yes}, provide the section number; if you answer {\bf No}, provide a justification. \\[0.3cm]
\begin{Form}
\begin{tabular}{l}
\cm{mainClaims}{Yes,No,N/A}\\[0.2cm]
\tf[0.85]{mainClaimsJustificat... |
1,108,101,564,296 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
To answer the questions concerning cosmic star formation history and galaxy evolution, it is critical to have a comprehensive understanding of the infrared (IR) luminous population of galaxies \citep{Casey14,Kirkpatrick12,Madau14,Sanders14}.
They are presumably star-forming systems containing ... |
1,108,101,564,297 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Let $ 0 < T < \infty $ and let $ \Omega \subset \mathbb R^d $ ($d=1,2,3$) be a
bounded domain with Lipschitz continuous boundary. Assume that $ \mathcal A $ is
the realization of a second-order partial differential operator with homogeneous
Dirichlet boundary condition in $ L^2(\Omega) $. W... |
1,108,101,564,298 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sec:intro}
Given a bounded domain $\Omega \subset \Cb^d$, let $K_\Omega: \Omega\times \Omega \rightarrow \Rb_{\geq 0}$ be the Kobayashi distance and let $k_\Omega: \Omega\times \Cb^d \rightarrow \Rb_{\geq 0}$ be the infinitesimal Kobayashi metric (also known as the Kobayashi--Royden metric... |
1,108,101,564,299 | arxiv | \section{Acknowledgements\label{sec:acknowl}}
This work presents results from the European Space Agency (ESA) space mission \textit{Gaia}. \textit{Gaia}\ data are being processed by the \textit{Gaia}\ Data Processing and Analysis Consortium (DPAC). Funding for the DPAC is provided by national institutions, in particul... |
1,108,101,564,300 | arxiv | \subsection{Ideal Liouville domains in their own}
\begin{definition}[Ideal Liouville Domains] \label{d:ild}
An \emph{ideal Liouville domain} $(F,\omega)$ is a domain $F$ endowed with an
ideal Liouville structure $\omega$. This \emph{ideal Liouville structure} is an
exact symplectic form on $\Int F$ admitting a pr... |
1,108,101,564,301 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The largest class of high-temperature superconductors includes materials that are formed of intercalated two-dimensional (2D) structures, such as YBa$_2$Cu$_3$O$_7$ and iron-based superconductors. The simplest such structure is MgB$_{2}$, in which a layered flat hexagonal material is intercalate... |
1,108,101,564,302 | arxiv | \section*{Introduction}
We assume that algebras are finite dimensional over a field $K$.
For $n \geq 1$, an $A$-module $M$ is called an \emph{$n$-cluster tilting module} if it satisfies:
\begin{align*}
\operatorname{\mathrm{add}}(M) &= \{X \in \mod-A \mid \operatorname{Ext}_A^i(M,X)=0 \ \text{for} \ 1 \leq i \leq n... |
1,108,101,564,303 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Flowing granular materials tend to segregate by particle size, density, or other physical properties, which is a phenomenon crucial to many industrial and geophysical processes \cite{ottino2000mixing,ottino2008mixing,frey2009river}. Despite decades of research on this topic, fundamental aspects ... |
1,108,101,564,304 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec1}
Orbiting stars $\gtrsim 10$ Myr old,
``debris disks'' are
thought to trace the aftermath of planet formation
(for a review, see \citealt{wyatt08}).
By definition, they are composed of optically thin
dust grains, generated from the collisional
attrition of larger parents.
Observati... |
1,108,101,564,305 | arxiv | \section{introduction} \label{sec:1}
Einstein and Rosen introduced the concept of wormholes, as early as in 1935 \cite{Einstein:1935tc}, which generate `short-cuts' in spacetime and allow `apparently faster than light' travel \citep{Visser:1995cc, Hawking:1973uf, Wald:1984rg, lobo2017wormholes, Witten:2019qhl} between... |
1,108,101,564,306 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Up to an energy of $\sim 3\times10^{15}$ eV, the energy spectrum of the primary cosmic radiation (PCR) is well described by a power law with an index of 2.7. At higher energy the index increases rapidly to 3.1 creating the knee in the energy spectrum. It is now more than 50 years since the knee ... |
1,108,101,564,307 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\begin{figure}[t]
\centering
\includegraphics[width=0.49\textwidth]{phd_am.eps}\hspace{\stretch{1}}\includegraphics[width=0.49\textwidth]{phd_qcd.eps}
\caption{Schematic phase diagram of the 3D Anderson model (left) and QCD
(right) in the disorder/eigenvalue plane.}
\label{fig:1}
\e... |
1,108,101,564,308 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sect1}
Recently, separably injective Banach spaces have been studied in depth by Avil\'es, Cabello S\'anchez, Castillo, Gonz\'alez
and Moreno in \cite{AC13,av,AC16}, where one can find a number of interesting examples of these spaces despite
the scarcity of examples of injective Bana... |
1,108,101,564,309 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Quantum annealing (QA) \cite{kadowaki_quantum_1998,farhi_quantum_2001,finnila_quantum_1994,Brooke1999,Santoro} usually refers
to a family of analog quantum optimization algorithms that interpolate between an initial Hamiltonian whose ground state is easy to prepare and a final Hamiltonian whose ... |
1,108,101,564,310 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Last decade has seen a major shift in stellar spectroscopy: a slow collection of individual spectra has been accelerated by massive surveys, mostly using fiber-fed spectrographs with hundreds of spectra observed simultaneously. The past and ongoing efforts include RAVE \citep{Steinmetz2006,Zw... |
1,108,101,564,311 | arxiv | \section{\label{intro}Introduction}
In solids subject to a magnetic field $B$, the energy spectrum of charge
carriers is quantized into Landau levels (LLs). The
magneto-oscillations (MOs) observed in the Shubnikov-de Haas and
de Haas-van Alphen effects reflect the oscillations of the
density of states (DOS) with the fi... |
1,108,101,564,312 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Spintronics is based on the increasing efforts to replace or supplement electronic devices by devices that exploit spin-transport phenomena.
Especially, in magnonic devices one would try to avoid charge currents, utilizing magnons -- the elementary excitations of a magnets ground state -- for the... |
1,108,101,564,313 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The observation of the cutoff in the spectrum of Ultra-High Energy
Cosmic Rays (UHECRs) \citep{Abbasi:2007sv,Abraham:2008ru} as predicted
by \citet{Greisen:1966jv,Zatsepin:1966jv} provides
compelling evidence for the shortening of the UHECR propagation length at
high energies. The highest energy... |
1,108,101,564,314 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The covariant exterior derivative on associated vector bundles \cite{NaturalOperations} that possesses a structure of a fiber manifold is one of the primary tools of modern differential geometry \cite{KobayashiNomizu, NaturalOperations}. Moreover, the fundamental physical theories as gauge theor... |
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