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1,108,101,564,315
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Image registration is a fundamental task in image processing, whose importance soars with growing number of different types of devices and increasing availability. It also serves as a crucial step in a great variety of biomedical imaging applications. Registration techniques can be generally div...
1,108,101,564,316
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Automatic speaker identification/recognition (ASI/ASR), that is, the automated process of inferring the identity of a person from an utterance made by him/her, on the basis of speaker-specific information embedded in the corresponding speech signal, has important practical applications. For e...
1,108,101,564,317
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Inequalities for information measures are widely used in many applications. In \cite{part1, part1_arxiv}, we investigated tight bounds between the Shannon entropy \cite{shannon} and the $\ell_{\alpha}$-norm, as shown in Theorems \ref{th:extremes} and \ref{th:extremes2} of Section \ref{subsect:pr...
1,108,101,564,318
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The next generation of cosmology experiments~\cite{cmbs4,desi1,desi2,euclid,lsst,so,spherex} are aimed at exploring some of the most exciting questions in fundamental science -- the twin mysteries of dark energy and dark matter and the origin of primordial fluctuations, along with the use of co...
1,108,101,564,319
arxiv
\section{Introduction} In this paper, we explore the connections among the theories of first-order rigidity of bar and joint frameworks (and associated structures) in various metric geometries extracted from the underlying projective space of dimension $n$, or $\mathbb R^{n+1}.$ The standard examples include Euclide...
1,108,101,564,320
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro} The development of devices employing protein transport through complex\ geometries is a critical problem with a great deal left to be\ comprehended. An accurate simulation model of proteins that allows\ efficient simulations of large systems ($>50$~nm) would provide a\ platform...
1,108,101,564,321
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \subsection{Motivation} The electric power grid is recognized as the largest engineering achievement in the 20th century. In recent years, it has been experiencing a transformation to an even more complicated system with an increased number of distributed energy sources and more active and les...
1,108,101,564,322
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Bimetallic nanoparticles are of fundamental interest for electrocatalysis applications as they exhibit emergent catalytic properties driven by ligand, strain, and ensemble effects that are absent in monometallic catalysts. Because of their profound impact on catalytic performance, significant at...
1,108,101,564,323
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \SetEQ \vspace{1ex}\noindent {\bf Motivation.} In Nonlinear Optimization, it seems to be a natural idea to increase the performance of numerical methods by employing high-order oracles. However, the main obstacle to this approach consists in a prohibiting complexity of the corresponding ...
1,108,101,564,324
arxiv
\section{Introduction \label{intro}} The problem studied in this note is motivated by a special feature of the ordering process of a fashion discounter with many branches: For each product that hits the shelves, the internal stock-turnover has to distribute around 10\,000 pieces among the around 1\,000 branches, correc...
1,108,101,564,325
arxiv
\section*{Version fran\c{c}aise abr\'eg\'ee} \vskip-.65cm \selectlanguage{english} \section{The global evolution problem for the Einstein equations} \paragraph*{\bf Main objective.} We consider the initial value problem when initial data are prescribed on a spacelike hypersurface and we tackle two major...
1,108,101,564,326
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Black phosphorus (BP) is a layered material similar to graphite with the atomic layers coupled by van der Waals interactions \cite{YBZhang,Ye,StevenP,FengnianXia}. Few-layer \cite{YBZhang,Ye,StevenP,FengnianXia,Buscema} and monolayer \cite{Ye,Andres,Lu,xmwang} BP (termed as phosphorene) have been...
1,108,101,564,327
arxiv
\section{Introduction} In the era of database astronomy, the construction of spectral energy distributions (SEDs) from the ultra-violet to the mid-infrared for large samples of stars is straightforward, requiring little user-input or effort. Modern tools such as the VO SED Analyzer \citep{bay08:aa492} can even detect ...
1,108,101,564,328
arxiv
\section{INTRODUCTION} Due to the prominent demand for both quality and safety in surgery, it is essential for surgeon trainees to achieve required proficiency levels before operating on patients~\cite{roberts2006evolution}. An absence of adequate training can significantly compromise the clinical outcome, which has b...
1,108,101,564,329
arxiv
\section{Introduction} A chemical reactor is a system where a set of reactions and their mixing takes place. Chemical engineers are interested in finding the most cost-efficient reactor for a given chemical reaction. Fritz Horn in 1964 was the first to reduce this optimisation problem to that of finding the feasible ...
1,108,101,564,330
arxiv
\section{DOA estimation with the Nao robot array} \label{sec:NAO_description} This section describes the method for direction of arrival (DOA) estimation in tasks 1 and 2, that was performed with the Nao robot array. In this paper, the same spherical coordinate system is used, as described in \cite{lollmann2018locata}...
1,108,101,564,331
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Scanning capacitance microscopy (SCM) is a useful imaging technique that allows one to acquire topographical features of micro- and nano-sized samples. One of the early SCM instruments, based upon a commercial product (RCA CED video Disc),\cite{mat} is made of a capacitive sensor driven by an ult...
1,108,101,564,332
arxiv
\section{A Patterson-Sullivan construction of equilibrium states} \label{sect:construction} We refer to \cite[Chap.~3, 6, 7]{PauPolSha15} and \cite[Chap.~2, 3, 4]{BroParPau19} for details and complements on this section. Let $X$ be (see \cite{BroParPau19} for a more general framework) $\bullet$~ either a complete...
1,108,101,564,333
arxiv
\section{Introduction to relativistic quantum mechanics} It is a widespread opinion that a relativistically invariant quantum theory of interacting particles has to be a (local) quantum field theory. Therefore we first have to specify what we mean by \lq\lq relativistic quantum mechanics\rq\rq . Relativistic quantum me...
1,108,101,564,334
arxiv
\section{Energy theorem} \paragraph{} A {\bf finite abstract simplicial complex} is a finite set of non-empty sets which is closed under the operation of taking finite non-empty subsets. The {\bf connection graph} $G'$ of such a {\bf simplicial complex} $G$ has as the vertices the sets of $G$ and as the edge set th...
1,108,101,564,335
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The term Active Galactic Nucleus (AGN) refers to the existence of very energetic phenomena occurring in the centers of some galaxies that cannot be attributed to stars. In the standard model, AGNs consist of a black hole surrounded by an accretion disk. There is good evidence that relativistic...
1,108,101,564,336
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The excited states of the Calogero-Sutherland model \cite{rSu} and its relativistic model (the trigonometric limit of the Ruijsenaars model) \cite{rR} are described by the Jack polynomials \cite{rSt} and their $q$-analog (the Macdonald polynomials) \cite{rM}, respectively. Since the Jack polyno...
1,108,101,564,337
arxiv
\section*{Results} \subsection*{Restricted Boltzmann Machines} \subsubsection{Definition} A Restricted Boltzmann Machine (RBM) is a joint probabilistic model for sequences and representations, see Fig.~1C. It is formally defined on a bipartite, two-layer graph (Fig.~1B). Protein sequences ${\bf v} = (v_1,v_2,...,v_...
1,108,101,564,338
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Here is a 3-ball: \begin{center} \includegraphics[scale=0.65]{figures/3ball} \end{center} \noindent and here is a 3-ball with a handle attached: \begin{center} \includegraphics[scale=0.65]{figures/3ballhandle} \end{center} \noindent This is the Conway knot: \begin{center} \includegraphic...
1,108,101,564,339
arxiv
\section{Chacon infinite transformation} \subsection{Introduction} The classical Chacon transformation, which is a particular case of a finite measure preserving rank-one transformation, is considered as one of the jewels of ergodic theory~\cite{kt2006}. It has been formally described in~\cite{Friedman}, following idea...
1,108,101,564,340
arxiv
\section{INTRODUCTION} \label{sec:intro} Type Ia Supernovae (SNe Ia) are one of the most energetic events in the universe, now known to be originated by thermonuclear detonations of carbon-oxygen (CO) white dwarfs (\citealt{Hoyle1960}). Several possible scenarios leading to a SN Ia outburst are currently envisaged, al...
1,108,101,564,341
arxiv
\section{Introduction}\label{sec:intro} Early-type galaxies (ETGs) are among the most massive systems in the Universe. They are on average metal-rich, dust and gas poor, and formed their stars in early, rapid events (e.g., \citealt{Thomas2005,Fontanot+09}). The lack of easily interpretable dynamical tracers, such as t...
1,108,101,564,342
arxiv
\section{Introduction} We consider the initial value problem for a coupled Dirac--Klein-Gordon system in two spatial dimensions. The DKG system of interest describes a massless spinor $\psi = \psi(t,x): \RR^{1+2} \to \CC^2$ and a scalar field $v = v(t,x):\RR^{1+2} \to \RR$ of mass $m \geq 0$, whose dynamics are governe...
1,108,101,564,343
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The nonabelian nature of Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD)---the theory of the strong interactions---makes it possible to form bound states of gauge bosons, the so-called glueballs \cite{Fritzsch:1972jv,Fritzsch:1975tx,Jaffe:1975fd}. In pure Yang-Mills theory, these are in fact the only possible part...
1,108,101,564,344
arxiv
\subsection{Acknowledgements} I am very thankful to Ivan Fesenko and Matthew Morrow for many valuable discussions, especially on an ad\`{e}le interpretation. I thank the Research Group of Prof. Marc Levine for the stimulating scientific environment. I heartily thank the anonymous referee for greatly improving the...
1,108,101,564,345
arxiv
\section{Introduction} In the study of infinite matrix representations of operators in $\mathcal{B}(\mathcal{H})$, and especially the structure of commutators, it is common and natural to split up a target operator $T$ into two (or finite) sum of natural parts. For example, every finite matrix is the sum of its upper ...
1,108,101,564,346
arxiv
\section{Introduction} It is well known that magnetic ordering is an essentially quantum phenomenon. According to the Bohr -- van Leeven theorem (see, e.g., \cite{Vonsovskii}), the magnetization of a thermodynamically equilibrium classical system of charged particles is zero even in presence of an external magnetic fi...
1,108,101,564,347
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Recently, the theory on existence and uniqueness of solutions of linear and nonlinear fractional differential equations has attracted the attention of many authors, see for example, \cite{agar1}-\cite{wang2} and references therein. Many of the physical systems can better be described by int...
1,108,101,564,348
arxiv
\section{Introduction} One of the most important and explicit indicators of stellar youth are circumstellar disks, which seem to be a universal feature of the star-forming process. The existence of a stellar companion close to a disk-bearing star, however, has a complex impact on the evolution of a disk: it will be tr...
1,108,101,564,349
arxiv
\section{Rate of particle production in thermal medium} At Betatron energy, the temperature of excited nucleus $T_0=3.8\sqrt{N}$, where $N$ refers to the number of excited nuclei (resonances), was related to the excitation energy $U=m_2/(m_1+m_2)^2\, E$, with $m_1 (m_2)$ and $E$ being mass of projectile (mass of targe...
1,108,101,564,350
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The Ising model~\cite{Lenz1920,Ising1925} of ferromagnetism in crystals has been the object of sustained scrutiny since its introduction nearly a century ago, due to the rich phenomenology it produces from simple dynamics~\cite{McCoyMaillard2012,Taroni2015}. The Ising model has also had a far-r...
1,108,101,564,351
arxiv
\section{Introduction} This work considers large scale convex optimization problems that are defined over networks, and develops and analyzes distributed algorithms that are compatible with the communication constraints to solve them. Such optimization problems naturally arise in many engineering scenarios. For examp...
1,108,101,564,352
arxiv
\section{Introduction.} The estimation of a characteristic after selection has been recognized as an important practical problem for many years. The problem arises naturally in multiple applications where one wishes to select a population from the available $k\, (\geq 2)$ populations and then estimate some c...
1,108,101,564,353
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The interest in decentralized cryptocurrencies has grown rapidly in recent years. Bitcoin \cite{nakamoto2008bitcoin}, as the first and most famous system, has attracted massive attention. Subsequently, a handful of cryptocurrencies, such as Ethereum \cite{wood2014ethereum}, Namecoin \cite{ali201...
1,108,101,564,354
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The binomial transform is useful in several contexts, including analytic continuation and series acceleration \cite{doi:10.1080/10652469.2016.1231674,Hirofumi}. With an eye toward these applications, we will first show how to derive a generalization of the binomial transform; second, we will s...
1,108,101,564,355
arxiv
\section{Discussion and Future Work} In this paper, we address the problem of risk-sensitive RL under safety constraints and coherent risk measures. We propose that maximizing the value function under risk or safety constraints is equivalent to playing a risk-sensitive non-zero sum (RNS) game. In the RNS game, an ad...
1,108,101,564,356
arxiv
\section{The Proposed Framework} \label{sec_network} \begin{figure}[t] \centering \begin{subfigure}[b]{0.45\linewidth} \includegraphics[width=\linewidth,height=0.65\linewidth]{images/detection/58_image.jpg} \end{subfigure} \begin{subfigure}[b]{0.45\linewidth} \includegraphics[width=\linewidth,hei...
1,108,101,564,357
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Over the past few years, the landscape of computer vision has been noticeably changed from the engineered feature architecture to an end-to-end feature learning architecture, deep neural networks, by which many state-of-the-art work advanced the development of classical tasks such as object dete...
1,108,101,564,358
arxiv
\section{Introduction}\label{s1} \setcounter{equation}{0} On October 11, 2019 passed away well-known specialist in Probability and Statistics professor Abram Aronovich Zinger. One of the main fields of his scientific interests was the theory of characterizations of probability distributions. He published a number...
1,108,101,564,359
arxiv
\section[The Mathematics of Painting: the Birth of Projective Geometry in the Italian Renaissance ]{\textbf{\center The Mathematics of Painting: \\ the Birth of Projective Geometry in the Italian Renaissance }} \section[]{\bfseries } \begin{center} {\large Graziano Gentili, Luisa Simonutti and Daniele C. Struppa}\foot...
1,108,101,564,360
arxiv
\section{Introduction} In the field of solid state physics, in particular physics of defects, the legacy of Ekkehart Kr\"oner who died ten years ago at the age of $81$, is invaluable. He has been actively publishing for $50$ years, mostly as a single author, on the physical understanding of defective solids, but a...
1,108,101,564,361
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \subsection{Motivations} The notion of twisted Alexander polynomials was introduced by Wada [W] and Lin [L] independently in 1990s. The definition of Lin is for knots in $S^3$ and the definition of Wada is for finitely presented groups. The twisted Alexander polynomial is a generalization of the...
1,108,101,564,362
arxiv
\section*{References\markboth {References}{References}}\list {[\arabic{enumi}]}{\settowidth\labelwidth{[#1]} \leftmargin\labelwidth \advance\leftmargin\labelsep \usecounter{enumi}} \def\hskip .11em plus .33em minus .07em{\hskip .11em plus .33em minus .07em} \sloppy \sfcode`\.=1000\relax} \let\endthebibliography...
1,108,101,564,363
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The major goals of cancer genomics include identification of risk factors associated with the progression of cancer and prediction of disease outcomes. In conventional cancer studies, clinical factors such as age, gender, and tumor stage are routinely studied and used as prognostic factors. Recen...
1,108,101,564,364
arxiv
\section{Introduction} It is known that quantum gravity is hoped to resolve the initial singularity of the universe and assign a proper initial condition with a reasonable probability, where the corresponding wavefunction of the universe is discribed by the Wheeler-DeWitt equation \cite{DeWitt:1967yk}. In order to ob...
1,108,101,564,365
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Continuous Variables Quantum Key Distribution (CV-QKD) tackles the problem of the generation and distribution of symmetric cryptographic keys without assuming any computational limitations while employing standard telecom equipment~\cite{grosshans02b}. However, the amount of information available...
1,108,101,564,366
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{gidqnn_intro} Quantum computing has attracted great attention in recent years, especially since the realization of quantum supremacy~\cite{nature_arute2019quantum,science_abe8770} with noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) devices~\cite{quantum_Preskill2018}. Due to mild requirements o...
1,108,101,564,367
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The fuzzy approximation scheme \cite{fuzzy} consists in approximating the algebra of functions on a manifold with a finite dimensional matrix algebra instead of discretising the underlying space as a lattice approximation does. Here we report our results for a hermitian scalar field on the fuzzy...
1,108,101,564,368
arxiv
\section{Introduction}\label{intro} Surveys are an indispensable tool for learning the characteristics of a population, from matters of public health, such as drug use frequency, to gauging public opinion on issues like abortion and homosexuality, to electing the leaders of a democratic country. Their reliability ...
1,108,101,564,369
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Solution of few-body scattering problems, especially above the three-body breakup threshold, no matter in differential or integral formalism, involves a very large amount of calculations and therefore requires extensive use of modern computational facilities such as powerful supercomputers. As a...
1,108,101,564,370
arxiv
\section{Introduction} This paper investigates the statistical properties of random matrices of the form $\mathbf{W} = \mathbf{H} \mathbf{H}^\dagger$, where $\mathbf{H}$ is $2 \times 2$ with independent entries \begin{align} \label{eq:Basic} \mathbf{H}_{ij} \sim \mathcal{C N} (0, \phi_{ij}) , \quad \quad i, j = 1, ...
1,108,101,564,371
arxiv
\section{Introduction} In machine learning pure applications of MDL are rare, partially because of the difficulties one encounters trying to define an adequate model code and data-to-model code, and partially because of the operational difficulties that are poorly understood. We analyze aspects of both the power and th...
1,108,101,564,372
arxiv
\section{Introduction} In a helicity formalism the simplest Yang-Mills amplitudes are the MHV amplitudes where precisely two external gluons have negative helicity and the remaining legs all have positive helicity. If legs $j$ and $k$ have negative helicity, the colour-ordered~\cite{TreeColour} partial amplitude tak...
1,108,101,564,373
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Although one would expect the solar corona to have the same elemental abundances of the solar photosphere, this is not always the case \citep{Pottasch1963,Meyer1985a,Meyer1985b,Widing&Feldman1989,Widing&Feldman1995,Sheeley1995,Sheeley1996}. The abundance variation observed in the corona depends...
1,108,101,564,374
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Liesegang rings appear as regular patterns in many chemical precipitation reactions. Their discovery is usually attributed to the German chemist Raphael Liesegang who, in 1896, observed the emergence of concentric rings of silver dichromate precipitate in a gel of potassium dichromate when seed...
1,108,101,564,375
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Accretion disks are ubiquitous in astrophysical systems, feeding objects ranging in size from planets to black holes. Rapid disk accretion requires rapid angular momentum transport, but only a few transport mechanisms are known: self-gravity, turbulence from the magnetorotational instability, dr...
1,108,101,564,376
arxiv
\section{Record gaps between primes} \begin{center}TABLE 1 \\Maximal gaps between primes below $4\times10^{18}$ \ \cite[OEIS A005250]{nicely,toes,oeis} \\[0.5em] \small \begin{tabular}{rrr|rrr} \hline \multicolumn{2}{r}{Consecutive primes} & Gap $g$ & \multicolumn{2}{r}{Consecuti...
1,108,101,564,377
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Index tracking aims at replicating the performance and risk profile of a given market index, and constructs a tracking portfolio such that the performance of the portfolio is as close as possible to that of the market index. Index tracking problem has received a great deal of attention in the ...
1,108,101,564,378
arxiv
\section{Introduction}\label{s:introduction} Sup-functionals of the supremum of fractional Brownian motion play crucial role in many problems arising both in theoretical probability and its applications, as in e.g. statistics, financial mathematics, risk theory, queueing theory, see e.g. \cite{AdT07,DeM15, Man07, Pit96...
1,108,101,564,379
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Monte Carlo methods are considered the gold standard for dose calculation in radiotherapy treatment planning due to their accuracy \citep{paganettiRangeUncertaintiesProton2012, wengVectorizedMonteCarlo2003}. However, the accuracy of a simulated compared to a delivered dose is not only determined ...
1,108,101,564,380
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The clustering of galaxies is often used to study the power-spectrum of the underlying mass distribution (e.g. Tegmark et al. 2006). Since the data does not reflect the clustering of mass but rather the clustering of galaxies, a correction factor termed {\it the galaxy bias} must be applied ...
1,108,101,564,381
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Multidimensional distributions whose marginal distributions are uniform are called copulas. Among them, the one that satisfies the expectation constraints and is closest to the independent distribution in the sense of Kullback--Leibler (KL) divergence is called the minimum information copula. Min...
1,108,101,564,382
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The notion of an infinite permutation was introduced in \cite{flaas}, where were investigated the periodic properties and low complexity of permutations. Similarly to the definition of subword complexity of infinite words, we can introduce the notion of the factor complexity of a permutation as ...
1,108,101,564,383
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Patterns of the Standard Model (SM) fermion masses suggest undiscovered new physics in the SM Yukawa sector. Among various approaches to interpret the SM fermion mass spectra, the Koide formula~\cite{Koide:1982si, Koide:1983a, Koide:1983b} \begin{equation} K = \frac{m_e + m_\mu + m_\tau}{\left ...
1,108,101,564,384
arxiv
\section{Introduction} CP violation in the Standard Model (SM) has first been measured in the Kaon sector. The CP violating parameter measured in the famous Cronin-Fitch experiment \cite{Christenson:1964fg} is $\varepsilon_K$, which describes the mixing between CP and mass eigenstates of the neutral Kaon system. The p...
1,108,101,564,385
arxiv
\section{Introduction}\label{sec:introduction} In recent years, interest in analyzing team sport videos has increased significantly in academia and industry~\citep{r1, r2, r3, r4, r5, r6, r7}. This is important for sports broadcasters and teams to understand key events in the game and extract useful information from t...
1,108,101,564,386
arxiv
\section{Method} \label{sec:algorithm} \subsection{Notations} Sets are shown with calligraphic letters. For a set $\mathcal{C}$, $|\mathcal{C}|$ designates its cardinality. Matrices are indicated with uppercase letters; vectors and scalars are indicated with lowercase letters. Let $[n] = \{1,2,\ldots,n\}$. For a ma...
1,108,101,564,387
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Black holes are maximum entropy objects, and so a black hole has more entropy than any other object with the same volume \cite{1, 1a, 2, 4, 4a}. It is important to associate a maximum entropy with a black hole as finite entropy objects can cross the horizon of a black hole. This would spontaneous...
1,108,101,564,388
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The spectroscopic study of nucleon resonances ($N^*$ and $\Delta^*$) dates back to the discovery of the $\Delta$ baryon by the Chicago University group in 1952~\cite{chicago}. Here, the existence of a new baryon with the isospin $3/2$, which has come to be known as $\Delta(1232)3/2^+$, ...
1,108,101,564,389
arxiv
\section{Introduction}\label{sec:introduction}} \IEEEPARstart{u}{ndeniably}, the advances in immersive multimedia technologies introduced in the last five years are impressive. Extended reality (XR) technologies, which include virtual (VR) and augmented reality (AR) technologies, made huge leaps forward both in te...
1,108,101,564,390
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sint} The goal of the classical curve simplification problem is to reduce the number of the vertices of a polygonal curve, without changing its shape significantly. There are several applications in which curve simplification plays an important role. In trajectory analysis, for instance,...
1,108,101,564,391
arxiv
\section{Fidelity susceptibility for the $S=1$ $J_1-J_3$ chain in the vicinity of the phase transition} \begin{figure}[b] \includegraphics[width=0.45\textwidth]{fidelity_susceptibility_new2} \caption{(Color online) Fidelity susceptibility [Eq.~\eqref{eq:fsusc}] as a function of $J_3 / J_1$ for different system sizes i...
1,108,101,564,392
arxiv
\section*{Introduction} The amount of sources generating multimedia streaming data has extremely increased in recent decades. Multimedia streaming data are really relevant in computerized systems, social medias, web forums, computational vision applications, and daily digital news purposes to name just a few. Multimedi...
1,108,101,564,393
arxiv
\section*{Extensivity of the entropy} Let now address point (i). We consider the classical Hamiltonian mentioned above, with (attractive) potential $V(r)$ which diverges for any dimensionless distance $r<1$, and precisely equals $-A/r^\alpha$ for $r \ge 1$ with $\alpha \ge 0$ and $A>0$. As mentioned, we verify that th...
1,108,101,564,394
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Compressive sensing~(CS) has become an important tool in modern signal processing. It allows to identify sparse solutions of underdetermined linear systems~\cite{donoho2006compressed}. Under the assumption that the original signal is sparse in some transform domain~\cite{mallat1999wavelet}, C...
1,108,101,564,395
arxiv
\section{Vacuum case} Recently \cite{PL,hep-ph2} a new approach to implement recurrence relations \cite{ch-tk} for the Feynman integrals was proposed. In this work we extend the general formulas for the solutions of the recurrence relations to the multi--loop case. Let us consider first vacuum $L$-loop integrals with ...
1,108,101,564,396
arxiv
\section{#1}} \newcommand{\sect}[1]{{\it \textbf{#1} ---}} \begin{document} \title{NLO Effects for Doubly Heavy Baryon in QCD Sum Rules} \date{\today} \author{Chen-Yu \surname{Wang}} \affiliation{School of Physics and State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China} ...
1,108,101,564,397
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro} ΔΣ modulators \cite{Norsworthy:DSDC-1996, Reiss:JAES-56-1+2, Schreier:UDSDC-2004, DeLaRosa:TCAS1-58-1} are nowadays widely used in a variety of systems, usually as \ac{A/D} and \ac{D/D} interfaces. The latter may in turn simplify sample rate conversion, \ac{D/A} conversion, ...
1,108,101,564,398
arxiv
\section{Introduction}\label{SecIntro} A crucial step in the history of General Relativity (GR) was Einstein's adoption of the principle of general covariance\footnote{The terms general covariance, diffeomorphism invariance, and background independence are sometimes used interchangeably in the physics literature. In th...
1,108,101,564,399
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Consider a family $\mathcal{K}$ of positive homothetic copies of a fixed convex body $K \subset \mathbb{R}^d$ with homothety coefficients $\tau_1, \ldots, \tau_n > 0$. Following Hadwiger~\cite{hadwiger1947nonseparable}, we call $\mathcal{K}$ \emph{non-separable} if any hyperplane $H$ intersect...
1,108,101,564,400
arxiv
\section{\large Introduction} In this paper, we discuss the problem of formulating the causality principle in quantum field theory on noncommutative spacetime. A noncommutative spacetime of $d$ dimensions is defined by replacing the coordinates $x^\mu$ of ${\mathbb R}^d$ by Hermitian operators $\hat x^\mu$ satisfyi...
1,108,101,564,401
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Despite some x-ray facilities and experiments make use of Compton scattering to probe for instance the electronic and magnetic structure of materials~\cite{Sak98, Tsc98}, the limited flux and brilliance (brightness) that is currently available at the required high energies ($\gtrsim$20~keV), see...
1,108,101,564,402
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro} The dynamics of quantum fields in an expanding spacetime is a subject of primordial importance for cosmology and inflation. In this context, the usual approach is a semi-classical treatment where spacetime is treated classically and interacts with a matter content which is of q...
1,108,101,564,403
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The angular size-redshift (theta-z) relation for a cosmological population of standard rods is a powerful probe of the large-scale geometry of the Universe. However, previous attempts to measure the cosmological parameters from the angular size-redshift relation of double radio-lobed radio sourc...
1,108,101,564,404
arxiv
\section{Introduction} One of the most difficult challenges in theoretical physics is to find the ultimate quantum gravity theory describing the Universe at high energies. Up to date, many consistent aspects of a quantum cosmology theory have appeared in the literature, with the most promising being the Loop Quant...
1,108,101,564,405
arxiv
\section{Introduction}\label{sec:introduction} A graph is considered to be \textit{expander} when the absolute value of all the eigenvalues of its transition matrix except one are bounded away from $1$. Expander graphs are one of the most useful combinatorial objects in theoretical computer sciences. They have a wide...
1,108,101,564,406
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Deep neural networks (DNNs) have achieved state-of-the-art performances on many tasks, such as image classifications. However, DNNs have been shown to be vulnerable to adversarial attacks \cite{szegedy2014intriguing} \cite{goodfellow2015explaining}. Adversarial attacks are carefully designed smal...
1,108,101,564,407
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro} With the availability of cheap computing power, modern cameras can rely on computational post-processing to extend their capabilities under the physical constraints of existing sensor technology. Sophisticated techniques, such as those for denoising~\cite{ndnz,epll}, deblurring...
1,108,101,564,408
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro} Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease of the central nervous system, in which inflammatory demyelination of axons causes focal lesions to occur in the brain. White matter lesions in MS can be detected with standard magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) acquisition...
1,108,101,564,409
arxiv
\section{Introduction}\label{intro} {The smallest enclosing ball (SEB) problem is considered in this paper. The SEB problem is to find a ball with the smallest radius that can enclose the union of all given balls $B_i~(i=1,2,\cdots,m)$ with center $c_i$ and radius $r_i\geq0$ in $\mathbb{R}^n$, i.e., $$B_i=\left\{x\in \...
1,108,101,564,410
arxiv
\section{Introduction}\label{Sect:intro} Although solar flares have been investigated for decades, there are still open questions, such as how the released energy is transported throughout the atmosphere and deposited in the lower atmospheric layers. By studying chromospheric spectral lines, we probe the underlying phy...
1,108,101,564,411
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \begin{figure}[t] \centering \includegraphics[width=0.85\linewidth]{figures/teaser} \caption{\textbf{Our few-shot video classification setting}. % Pairs of semantically matched frames are connected with a blue dashed line. The arrows show the direction of the temporal alignment p...
1,108,101,564,412
arxiv
\section{Introduction} In recent years, an increasing number of transients have been observed to peak with optical luminosities between those of novae (typically $M_V>-10$) and supernovae (SNe; typically $M_V<-15$). This is due in large part to the increasing coverage, depth, and cadence of astronomical surveys. Some o...
1,108,101,564,413
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:introduction} A completeness proof for a 1-free process theory modulo bisimilarity was recently presented in \cite{gf20}\footnote{Preprint available at: \texttt{https://www.cs.vu.nl/{\textasciitilde}wanf/publications.html}}\footnote{Extended version available at: \texttt{https://arx...
1,108,101,564,414
arxiv
\section{Introduction}\label{sec:int} This work encompasses the study of controlled predator-prey systems. The control process is devoted to harvesting activities, which is one of the central issues in bio-economics. It has been widely recognized that it may not be a good idea to consider only maximizing short-term ben...