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1,108,101,564,415 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Let $A_n^+ = \{\mathbf e_i - \mathbf e_j\colon 1 \leq i < j \leq n+1\}\subset\mathblockyblocky R^{n+1}$ denote the positive roots of type $A_n$. Subsets of $A_n^+$ can be encoded using a directed acyclic graph $G$ on $n+1$ vertices with edges $(i,j) \in E(G)$ oriented so that $i < j$. Given such ... |
1,108,101,564,416 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The role of quantum spin coherence in graphene spin transport is presently poorly understood. It has been neglected in previous theoretical treatments based on semiclassical transport equations~\cite{ferreira2014extrinsic,hy2015extrinsic}. Regarding the magnitude of the spin relaxation time,
wh... |
1,108,101,564,417 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Transistors are the main compounds of semiconductor electronic technology. The core of transistors is composed of three semiconducting materials concatenated in series, thus forming double junctions. The middle semiconductor is doped with charged impurities different from those in the two other ... |
1,108,101,564,418 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Observations of galaxies reveal that they evolve over cosmic time from smaller, bluer, more irregular star-forming galaxies at higher redshifts to larger, redder, more elliptical galaxies in the local universe (e.g., \citealt{Glazebrook1995,Lilly1995,Giavalisco1996}). Additionally, the bimodali... |
1,108,101,564,419 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\vspace{-0.25cm}
Policy gradient algorithms maximize the expectation of cumulative reward by following the gradient of this expectation with respect to the policy parameters. Most existing algorithms estimate this gradient in a model-free manner by sampling returns from the real environment and r... |
1,108,101,564,420 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The inherently large and tunable spin-orbit interaction (SOI) energies of holes and their reduced hyperfine coupling with nuclear spins are behind the surging interest in hole spin qubits with fast all-electrical control.\cite{Hendrickx2020,Maurand2016,Watzinger2018,Scappucci2020,Hu2012} Holes c... |
1,108,101,564,421 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
As it is well known, the Standard Model (SM) of particle physics has proven
to be a very successful theory, but still presents some shortcomings. Among
these, one is the Hierarchy Problem, which the current literature claims
that might be solved by considering extra dimensions. In higher di... |
1,108,101,564,422 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\setlength\abovedisplayskip{1pt}
\setlength\belowdisplayskip{1pt}
In many edge networks, mobile and IoT devices collecting a huge amount of data are often connected to each other or a central node wirelessly. The unreliable nature of wireless connectivity, together with constraints in computing r... |
1,108,101,564,423 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The discourse of wave-particle duality has always attracted attention from the early days of quantum mechanics. It is believed that it lies at the heart of quantum mechanics \cite{feynman}. It was understood from the beginning that the object exhibits both wave and particle natures. Objects show... |
1,108,101,564,424 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}
\input{src1_intro}
\section{System Design}
\input{src3_method}
\section{Study 1: Creative Adaptation with a Human-in-the-loop Analogical Search Engine}
\input{src5_study1}
\section{Study 2: Enabling a Fully Automated Analogical Search Engine}
\input{src7_study2}
\section{Case Studies with Re... |
1,108,101,564,425 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Active galactic nuclei (AGN) with observed bolometric luminosities
of around 10$^{11}$ $-$ 10$^{14}$ L$_{\odot}$, and that include Seyfert galaxies
amongst its class, are believed to be powered by accretion
of matter onto super massive black holes residing at the centres of
galaxies (Lynden-Bell ... |
1,108,101,564,426 | arxiv | \section*{Supplemental material}
\renewcommand{\thesubsection}{A\arabic{subsection}}
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\section*{Supplemental material}
\subsection{Method of the num... |
1,108,101,564,427 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In granular media, although the grains roll and slide,
in addition to being compressed and sheared, only the
latter, the deformation of the grains, leads to
reversible energy storage that sustains a static,
elastic stress, while rolling and sliding heats up the
system. The granular strain field ... |
1,108,101,564,428 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Let $G$ be a finitely presented group with presentation $P := \langle x_1,\ldots,x_n \ | \ R_1,\ldots,R_s \rangle$. Assume, every relation $R_j$ is of the form $x_k x_i x_k^{-1} = x_j$ with $x_i \neq x_j$. We associate a graph $\Gamma(P)$ to $P$ in the following way:
\begin{itemize}
\item We de... |
1,108,101,564,429 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Let $E$ and $E_*$ be separable Hilbert spaces and recall that the
\emph{Schur class $\mathcal{S}_d(E, E_*)$}
\nomenclature{$\mathcal{S}_d(E, E_*) $}{$d$ variable Schur Class} is
the set of holomorphic functions $\Phi: \D^d \rightarrow
\mathcal{L}(E,E_*)$ such that each $\Phi(z): E \rightarrow E... |
1,108,101,564,430 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
Surfactant molecules in water self-assemble into various structures
such as micelles and bilayer membranes, which display a rich variety
of rheological properties under flow. \cite{lars99b}
Even if a basic structure remains to be a bilayer membrane,
its mesoscale structure can... |
1,108,101,564,431 | arxiv |
\section*{Acknowledgements}
\noindent We express our gratitude to our colleagues in the CERN
accelerator departments for the excellent performance of the LHC. We
thank the technical and administrative staff at the LHCb
institutes.
We acknowledge support from CERN and from the national agencies:
CAPES, CNPq, FAPERJ and... |
1,108,101,564,432 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\begin{figure*}[!t]
\begin{center}
\includegraphics[width=0.77\textwidth]{system_overview.png}
\caption{System overview of MI Net. VQ-VAE (bottom) is used to reconstruct audio sequences of various instruments and infers a latent representation of music (latent code). VQ-VAE is conditioned... |
1,108,101,564,433 | arxiv | \section{Preliminaries}
\subsection{Stochastic off-policy theorem}
Consider a Markov decision process (MDP), where an agent receives a reward,
$r_{t}$, for an action, $a \in A$, taken in state, $s \in S$, according to
some stochastic behavioral policy, $b: S$ x $A \rightarrow (0, 1)$. We can
acquire a target policy, ... |
1,108,101,564,434 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:introduction}
The Advanced Wakefield (AWAKE) experiment at CERN is a proof-of-principle experiment demonstrating plasma wakefield acceleration using a proton drive beam for the first time~\cite{Assmann:2014hva,Caldwell:2015rkk,Gschwendtner:2015rni,Muggli:2017rkx}. Proton bunches from ... |
1,108,101,564,435 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
End-to-end (E2E) models have achieved the state-of-art performance for automatic speech recognition (ASR) \cite{chiu2018state, sainath2020streaming, li2020developing, li2021recent}. With the goal of directly mapping speech features into word sequences using a single neural netw... |
1,108,101,564,436 | arxiv | \section*{Acknowledgments}
\label{sec:acks}
We are grateful to Suhas Daftuar and Matt Corallo for initial discussions on time-dilation attacks.
We would like to thank Clara Shikhelman, Sergei Tikhomirov, Rene Pickhardt, Sergi Delgado Segura, Michael Folkson, James Chiang, devrandom, Bastien Teinturier and Thibaut Le G... |
1,108,101,564,437 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
At the core of many computational tasks arising in science and engineering
is the problem of repeatedly evaluating the output of an expensive
forward model for many statistically similar inputs. Such settings include
the numerical solution of parametric partial differential ... |
1,108,101,564,438 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Axions are pseudo-Nambu-Goldstone bosons that arise in consequence of the spontaneous breaking of a chiral global $U(1)$ symmetry. Such a symmetry, if anomalous under $SU(3)_c$ in quantum chromodynamics (QCD), may play an important role in resolving the strong CP problem \cite{Peccei:1977hh,Pec... |
1,108,101,564,439 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:introduction}
The task of providing a good estimation of a high-resolution (HR) image from low-resolution (LR) input with minimum upsampling effects, such as ringing, noise, and blurring has been studied extensively~\cite{free02,chang04,yang08,yang10}. In recent years, deep learnin... |
1,108,101,564,440 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{intro}
The partition functions of three-dimensional Chern-Simons theories show various interesting aspects of M2-branes.
The would-volume theory of $N$ M2-branes on ${\mathbb R}^8/{\mathbb Z}_k$ is described by an ${\cal N}=6$ superconformal Chern-Simons theory called ABJM theory \cite{ABJM... |
1,108,101,564,441 | arxiv |
\section*{ACKNOWLEDGMENT}
This work was supported by ARC Laureate Fellowship FL130100102 to IR and the ARC Centre of Excellence for Robotic Vision CE140100016.
\bibliographystyle{IEEEtran}
\section{RELATED WORK}\label{sec:relatedwork}
SLAM is well studied problem in mobile robotics and many different solutions ... |
1,108,101,564,442 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}~\label{sec:1}
The latest LHCb measurement observed more precise line shape of the $J/\psi p$ invariant mass distribution from the process $\Lambda_b^0\to J/\psi p K^-$~\cite{Aaij:2019vzc}. The experimental data suggested that the previous observed structure $P_c(4450)$ is resolved into two narro... |
1,108,101,564,443 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
Electron beams find applications in a variety of devices that include the microwave as well
as sub-millimeter wave generators and amplifiers, accelerators, microscopes as well for use in lithography, welding,
furnace, medical and space applications \cit... |
1,108,101,564,444 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
It was shown in \cite{larsen} that one can compute the fractional
chromatic number of $M(G)$ in terms of that of $G$, where $M(G)$
stands for the Mycielskian of $G$. There are a few interesting
and similar results for the circular chromatic number. Hence, it
is of interest to find a map or a func... |
1,108,101,564,445 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sec: 1}
\vspace{-0.2cm}
With the popularity of the data-driven methods in the deep learning community, the dataset scale and the model size have both got huge explosions. There is a tendency to explore large models and then adopt these pre-trained models in downstream tasks to achieve bette... |
1,108,101,564,446 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Let $\mathscr{P}$ be the set of primes represented by the quadratic polynomial $x^2+y^2+1$. We consider the Goldbach problem for the set $\mathscr{P}$, our main result being the following.
\begin{theorem}\label{theo_goldbach}
Almost all even positive integers $n\not \equiv 5,8\hspace{-0.1... |
1,108,101,564,447 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In 1974, Hawking \cite{Hawking} proved that the black hole can emit particles from its event
horizon with a temperature proportional to its surface gravity, and the radiant spectrum is a
pure thermal one, which implies the loss of information of black hole after it has evaporated
away and disapp... |
1,108,101,564,448 | arxiv | \section{INTRODUCTION}
Over the last three decades, and despite substantial progress, direct evidence of interactions of galactic dark matter (DM) with Standard Model (SM) particles has been persistently lacking. To increase the probability of capturing a particle with very feeble interactions, detectors have typicall... |
1,108,101,564,449 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sec:intro}
A lot of modern applications require image annotation to search, access and navigate the huge amount of visual data stored in personal collections or shared online.
Whenever you want to retrieve photos from a particular concert, recall that pleasant summer day in which you napped... |
1,108,101,564,450 | arxiv | \section{Functional setting}\label{sec-setting}
In this section we introduce the functional setting to rewrite system \eqref{Navier} in abstract form.
\subsection{The functional spaces}
Let $D$ be a bounded domain
in $\mathbb R^{d}$ ($d\ge 2$) with smooth boundary $\partial D$. For $1\le p<\infty$ we denote
\[
L_{\si... |
1,108,101,564,451 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\section{Introduction}
XSTAR is ``a computer program for calculating the physical conditions and
emission spectra of photoionized gases" (Kallman \& Bautista 2001); the
science it facilitates may be described most concisely by paraphrasing
the documentation: {\em a
spherical gas shell surroundi... |
1,108,101,564,452 | arxiv | \section*{Introduction}
The emergence of long-range order, or collective behavior (CB), in non-equilibrium systems such as granular materials and living organisms is a matter of great interest for fundamental physics and applications~\cite{narayan2007long,kumar2014flocking}. Examples, recently observed in experiments ... |
1,108,101,564,453 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Emission of light fragments (LF) from nuclear reactions is an open question. Different reaction mechanisms contribute to their production; the relative roles of each, and how they change with incident energy, mass number of the target, and the type and emission energy of the fragments is not comp... |
1,108,101,564,454 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The intense emission of 511 keV gamma-rays from the Galactic center
\cite{sieg} and within active terrestrial thunderstorms \cite{abc} has been
observed. It seems quite natural to attribute both observations to the formation
of clouds of parapositronia, each decaying into two gamma-quanta wit... |
1,108,101,564,455 | arxiv | \section{Introduction} %
Iterative Learning Control (ILC) enables significant performance improvements for batch-to-batch control applications, by generating a command signal that compensates for repetitive disturbances through learning from previous iterations, also called batches or trials. Theoretical and implement... |
1,108,101,564,456 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The macroscopic properties of a quantum system in equilibrium can be
understood from the appropriate thermodynamic potential. Studies of
Lee-Yang zeros of the grand-canonical potential as a function of a
complex fugacity or of Fisher zeros of the canonical potential as a
function of complex tempe... |
1,108,101,564,457 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
For understanding the AdS/CFT correspondence at the string level it is useful to peruse construction of classical string configurations moving in AdS spacetime. The theory is classically (and probably also quantum mechanically) integrable and following the experience with two dimensional integra... |
1,108,101,564,458 | arxiv |
\section{Descriptions by the equivalent ellipsoid}
\label{equivalent_ellipsoid}
In order to quantify the shape and orientation
of random-structured clusters,
we translate them to equivalent ellipsoids
having the same principal moments of inertia~\citep{Harshe_2010}.
The principal moments of inertia $I_1$, $I_2$, $I_... |
1,108,101,564,459 | arxiv | \section{Model Hamiltonian} \label{Sec:Model}
The anisotropic Hubbard model on the two-leg square ladder is defined as\cite{Zhu2016Hubbard}
\begin{eqnarray}
H_{H}=-\sum_{\langle ij\rangle \sigma} t_{ij} \left(c_{i\sigma}^\dagger c_{j\sigma} + \mathrm{h.c.}\right) + U\sum_i n_{i\uparrow}n_{i\downarrow}, \label{Eq:Hubba... |
1,108,101,564,460 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Cyanoacetylene, HC$_3$N,
has been attracting attention due to its abundance in a number of extraterrestrial environments.
Among these are interstellar clouds,~\cite{turner71} circumstellar envelopes,~\cite{bieging93} comets~\cite{irvine81} and atmosphere of Saturn's moon Titan.~\cite{kunde81, coa... |
1,108,101,564,461 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sec:introduction}}
\IEEEPARstart{T}{echnologies} for digital music have become increasingly important, bolstered by rising global expenditures in digital music in excess of 64 billion USD in 2014 alone~\cite{mckinsey2015}. The popularity and relevance of automatic \emph{music generati... |
1,108,101,564,462 | arxiv | \section{INTRODUCTION}
\label{sec:Intro}
The discovery of polarized radio emission extending perpendicular
to the Galactic plane,
such as nonthermal radio filaments \citep{Yusef84}
and polarized plumes \citep{Tsuboi86},
has provided early evidence for
a substantial poloidal component of the magnetic field
in the ce... |
1,108,101,564,463 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}%
Subsurface geological formations are often highly heterogeneous and heavily fractured at multiple scales. Heterogeneity of the deformation properties (e.g. elasticity coefficients) can be of several orders of magnitude which occurs at fine scale (cm) resolution. The reservoirs also span large s... |
1,108,101,564,464 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
With rapid progress in various quantum simulator platforms, the study of quantum many-body states in noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) platforms has emerged as an active area of research, attracting growing interest from both the condensed matter and quantum information communities. In par... |
1,108,101,564,465 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Adaptive control, or self-learning control, is a set of techniques to automatically adjust controllers for uncertain systems. In the traditional problem of adaptive control, a parameterized system is considered where the parameters are assumed to be constant, but their values are initially unkno... |
1,108,101,564,466 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{intro}
Isospin is a useful and fundamental quantum number in nuclear and particle physics. In nuclei, we consider neutron and proton to be the two isospin states of a common entity called a nucleon with isospin $T=1/2$. The third component of isospin is different for both the states, $T_3=... |
1,108,101,564,467 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Although the determination of capacity region of the interference channel (IC) has been a long standing open problem, several interesting recent results shed light on the problem from various perspectives. Among these we may cite the capacity region obtained for special cases \cite{Han:81,Sato:8... |
1,108,101,564,468 | arxiv | \section*{Acknowledgements}%
\addtocontents{toc}{\protect\vspace{6pt}}%
\addcontentsline{toc}{section}{Acknowledgements}%
}
\begin{document}
\title{Learning dynamics explains human behavior in Prisoner's Dilemma on networks}
\author{Giulio Cimini}
\email{g.cimini@math.uc3m.es}
\affiliation{Grupo Interdisciplinar... |
1,108,101,564,469 | arxiv | \subsection{Derivation of PMR-RGLRT-UK when the signal format information is employed}\label{pmr_glrt_with_sig_info}
\noindent
Consider hypothesis $\mathcal{H}_1$ in (\ref{Hypotheses_test_linear}). We have
\begin{flalign*}
l_1(\bm{\mu}_s, \bm{\mu}_r, \bm{b}, \sigma^2|\bm{s}) & = &
\end{flalign*}
\begin{eqnarray}\label... |
1,108,101,564,470 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Quantum walks are a universal model of quantum computation \cite{Childs2009} that have been used to develop a variety of quantum algorithms, including for searching \cite{SKW2003}, element distinctness \cite{Ambainis2004}, and boolean formula evaluation \cite{FGG2008}. In these algorithms, the q... |
1,108,101,564,471 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Mathematical modelling of physical conditions often requires representations for isotropic functions \cite{pipkin58,rivlin55}. In view of this much has been published
on this subject (see, for example reference \cite{penninsi87}, and references therein). However, the derived number of isotropic... |
1,108,101,564,472 | arxiv | \section{Neutron Lifetime Discrepancy}
Although the neutron has been known for almost a century, the latest experimental results suggest that it may still be hiding a deep secret. In the currently established framework of particle physics, the Standard Model, the neutron decays almost exclusively through beta decays, ... |
1,108,101,564,473 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sec:intro}
Multifunctions and their fixed point theory have been widely studied, see the books~\cite{Be,Gor} for example, where fairly general classes of multifunctions and spaces are considered. In all of what follows, $X$ and $Y$ will be topological spaces. Let $\phi\colon\thinspace X \m... |
1,108,101,564,474 | arxiv | \section{Data analysis}
\label{sec:data}
\subsection{Calibration}
Accurate calibration is the key to the useful application of C-BASS data. It is essential to be able to calibrate the absolute intensity (temperature) scale, the relationship between polarized and unpolarized intensity, the absolute polarization angle,... |
1,108,101,564,475 | arxiv | \section{ Introduction }
By using the spectroscopic method involving the electronic hydrogen (the ordinary hydrogen atom consisting of proton and electron) the charge radius of the proton is measured to be 0.8768 $\times 10^{-15}$ meter. Similarly by using the electron-proton scattering method the charge radius of the... |
1,108,101,564,476 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
We will assume all rings to be commutative containing unity. Throughout this note we will use the notation $R[X_1,\dots,X_n]$ to mean a polynomial algebra
in $n$ variables over $R$. Sometimes we will denote this ring by $R^{[n]}$.
\medskip
\noindent
Let $A:=R[X_1,\dots,X_n]$. We recall that $m$ ... |
1,108,101,564,477 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\vspace{-0.1cm}
For supporting increasing heterogeneous quality-of-service requirements of future wireless networks, an emerging communication paradigm, i.e., simultaneously transmitting and reflecting RISs (STAR-RISs) \cite{IEEEhowto:YLiu2} becomes appealing. In contrast to conventional RISs \ci... |
1,108,101,564,478 | arxiv | \section{Introduction and Preliminaries}
In~\cite{Feller1,Feller2}, Feller investigated a general form of a generator of a
strongly continuous contractive nonnegative semigroup of operators acting between the
spaces of continuous functions on an interval, a half-line, or the whole line. Such a
semigroup correspon... |
1,108,101,564,479 | arxiv | \section{INTRODUCTION}
The inclusive cross section for a double parton scattering,
namely of an event where, in the same inelastic interaction,
two different pairs of partons scatter independently with large
momentum transfer,
is written as\cite{Double}:
\begin{eqnarray}
\sigma_D=\int_{p_t^c}&D_2(x_A,x_A';{\bf b}) ... |
1,108,101,564,480 | arxiv | \section{INTRODUCTION}
\label{sec:intro}
The general belief that QCD undergoes a phase transition to a
quark-gluon plasma phase at high temperature has triggered a lot of
activity both on the theoretical as well as on the experimental
side. The original argument put forward by Casher~\cite{Casher:1979vw}
suggesting th... |
1,108,101,564,481 | arxiv | \section{Conclusion}
\input{Part1_Introduction01}
\input{Part2_Preliminaries01}
\input{Part3_PhaseLimitations01}
\input{Part3a_Intervals}
\input{Part4_Examples01}
\section{Conclusion}
We have presented a simple graphical test that can rule out the existence of suitable OZF multipliers. The te... |
1,108,101,564,482 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sec:introduction}
\subsection{Background}\label{sec:background}
\IEEEPARstart{W}{e} study regression (prediction, learning and similar) in time series settings where we receive a data sequence related to a target signal and estimate the signal's next values in an online manner. This problem... |
1,108,101,564,483 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
Models of planetary formation that involve either core accretion or fragmentation of protoplanetary discs predict
that the orbit of the planets should lie in the disc \citep{Pollacketal1996, Mayeretal2002}. There is a large body of work on the
tidal interaction between a plane... |
1,108,101,564,484 | arxiv | \section*{}
\vspace{-1cm}
\footnotetext{\textit{$^{a}$~German Aerospace Center (DLR), Pfaffenwaldring 38, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany. Fax: +49 (0)731 5034011 ; Tel: +49 (0)711 68628254; E-mail: birger.horstmann@dlr.de}}
\footnotetext{\textit{$^{b}$~Helmholtz Institute Ulm (HIU), Helmholtzstr. 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany. }... |
1,108,101,564,485 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{Sect:intro}
Tracers of the large scale matter distribution in the Universe are one of the main probes of cosmology, with current galaxy surveys such as KiDS \citep{Hildebrandt2017} and Dark Energy Survey (DES) already providing constraints competitive with Planck on some cosmological param... |
1,108,101,564,486 | arxiv | \section{Introduction and main results}
Schramm-Loewner Evolution (SLE) and random matrix theory (RMT) are two active and well-studied fields of research within modern
probability theory \cite{lawler2008conformally, akemann2011oxford}. The SLE was introduced by Oded Schramm in 2000 in his study of scaling limits of var... |
1,108,101,564,487 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The existence of black hole singularity is one of the most fundamental question in physics. The Penrose cosmic censorship hypothesis asserts that the spacetime singularities need to be hidden from an observer at infinity by an event horizon, which blocks all of the information within it \citep{H... |
1,108,101,564,488 | arxiv | \section{Introduction and related works}
\label{sec:introduction}
Biological organisms are intrinsically modular at different scales \citep{lorenz2011emergence}.
The collective self-organization at the cellular level results in the emergence of complex bodies and brains without any form of centralized control.
Such m... |
1,108,101,564,489 | arxiv |
\subsection*{Semileptonic and Leptonic Decays of B Mesons}
According to the SM, purely leptonic and semileptonic decays of $B$ mesons are mediated by the $W^-$ boson, as shown schematically in
Figure~\ref{fig:feynman}. $B$ mesons are assumed to be composed of a b-quark and an anti-quark, either
$\ensuremath{B^-}\x... |
1,108,101,564,490 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The discrepancy of the lepton anomalous magnetic moment ($g-2$) is one of the leading candidates that indicate new physics beyond the standard model (SM). Both in the electron and muon sectors, the anomaly has been reported as
\begin{align}
\laq{g2e}
\Delta a_e &= a_e^{\rm EXP} - a_e^{\rm SM} = ... |
1,108,101,564,491 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In this paper, we study the so-called Metropolis-Hastings reversiblizations in a continuous-time and finite state space setting. This work is largely motivated by \cite{Choi16}, in which the author introduced two Metropolis-Hastings (MH) kernels $M_1$ and $M_2$ to study non-reversible Markov c... |
1,108,101,564,492 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Non-perturbative and phase-sensitive nonlinear optics opens new windows to physical phenomena in gases, liquids, and solids on the attosecond timescale\cite{Krausz2014}.
These attosecond ($10^{-18}$s) processes in atomic\cite{Hentschel:2001,Sansone:2011,Chini:2014} and solid state semiconductor... |
1,108,101,564,493 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro}
The disk-halo interface is host to diverse baryonic processes that regulate the buildup of stellar mass in star-forming galaxies \citep{ShapiroField1976,Bregman1980,Norman1989,deAvillez2000}. Supernova activity in galactic disks generate wind-blown bubbles in the interstellar... |
1,108,101,564,494 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}
\IEEEPARstart{T}{he} ever increasing requirements of wireless services in \gls{MandE}, as well as in healthcare and wellbeing demands are transforming the way data is communicated and processed. Future networks are anticipated to support massive number of connected devices requesting a variety ... |
1,108,101,564,495 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Interpersonal coordination and synchronization between the motion of two individuals have been extensively studied over the past few decades \cite{HKB85,KKSS87, ST94, VMLB11}.
Synergetic movements of two or more people mirroring each other frequently occur in many activities such as handling ob... |
1,108,101,564,496 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}
\label{sec:introduction}
Given input data $X = (x_1, \dots, x_n)\in \mathrm{R}^{n\times p}$ and response data $Y = (y_1, \dots, y_n)\in \mathrm{R}^n$, the problem of linear regression
with a \citet{tikhonov1943stability} regularization term and an explicit sparsity constraint
is defined as... |
1,108,101,564,497 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sec1}
Quantum computers leverage quantum properties such as entanglement, and
promise the potential of a speed advantage
over classical algorithms when applied to specialized problems. Some algorithms
such as Shor’s algorithm for factorization \citep{shor} and Grover’s search
algorithm \c... |
1,108,101,564,498 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
One of the most interesting aspects of instanton effects in QCD is related
to the strong CP problem and why the vacuum angle is extremely small
\cite{t'Hooft}.
Various solution have been proposed in the literature for this problem.
In one scheme one can set $\theta =0 $ at tree level and then a... |
1,108,101,564,499 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Heusler compounds \cite{Heu03,HSH03,Heu04} have attracted scientific and technological interest for their potential use as materials for magneto-electronic devices. Reason is the exceptional electronic structure found in many of those compounds, in particular in those based on cobalt. They exhib... |
1,108,101,564,500 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The Tower of Hanoi problem was introduced by \'{E}douard Lucas in 1883 \cite{Lucas} for the case of 3 pegs and $n$ disks of different sizes. Initially, $n$ disks are placed on one of the 3 pegs with the largest at the bottom. Then, at each time one of the topmost disks is moved to a peg with a l... |
1,108,101,564,501 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sect:intro}
Let $V$ be a complex finite-dimensional vector space and $\N(V) \subset \End(V)$ the nilpotent cone of $V$ i.e. the variety of nilpotent endomorphisms of $V$. The enhanced nilpotent cone is defined as $V\times \N(V)$; it admits a diagonal action of $\GL(V)$. This action has be... |
1,108,101,564,502 | arxiv | \subsection*{1. Introduction}
In recent years both quantum complexity and quantum information theory
have had a substantial presence in quantum black holes.
In gauge/gravity duality a deep connection between holographic quantum
complexity and the horizon geometry has been proposed {[}1-4{]}. In
the framework ... |
1,108,101,564,503 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Disclosing the phase structure of strongly interacting matter is one of the major motivations in the study of finite-temperature quantum chromodynamics (QCD).
The volume independence of susceptibilities from lattice QCD data confirms a crossover chiral and deconfinement transition at small value... |
1,108,101,564,504 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:back}
We start by recalling on what the Hopfield models are. These models are well known in mathematical physics. However, we will be purely interested in their mathematical properties and the definitions that we will give below in this short introduction are almost completely ... |
1,108,101,564,505 | arxiv | \section*{Graphical Abstract (Optional)}
To create your abstract, please type over the instructions in the
template box below. Fonts or abstract dimensions should not be changed
or altered.
\vskip1pc
\fbox{
\begin{tabular}{p{.4\textwidth}p{.5\textwidth}}
\bf \input{./source/title} \\
Youngkyoon Jang, Hatice Gunes, I... |
1,108,101,564,506 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:1}
The spectrum of the Sun is the outcome of the physics
governing the outer layers of our star.
Understanding the formation of the solar spectrum is a necessary
step in order to be able to predict its variability along the solar
magnetic cycle and to measure the solar surface compos... |
1,108,101,564,507 | arxiv | \section{INTRODUCTION}
\label{sec-intro}
Extreme star formation rates of $\gtrsim10^3~M_\odot$~yr$^{-1}$ have been derived for luminous infrared galaxies discovered by deep $IR$ surveys \citep{ds98,younger08,riechers09}. In such radiation-pressure supported galactic disks with the maximum starburst \citep{thompson05}... |
1,108,101,564,508 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sect_intro}
The temperature of the plasma within coronal loops has traditionally been determined using spectroscopic methods such as emission line ratios \citep{phi08} and emission measure locii techniques \citep{jor87, lan02, del02}. In \cite{me09}, the temperature along a coronal loop str... |
1,108,101,564,509 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
After the discovery of quasicrystals by Shechtman in 1982, which was
only published two years later \cite{Danny}, many people realised that
our common understanding of what `long-range order' might mean, is
incomplete (to put it mildly). In particular, little is known in the
direction of a class... |
1,108,101,564,510 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The rate at which star clusters lose mass has been one of the enduring problems of stellar dynamics. In one of the earliest results, \citet{amb38} already highlighted the role of relaxation. The landmark survey of \citet{1990ApJ...351..121C} added a mass spectrum, stellar evolution and a tidal... |
1,108,101,564,511 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}
The expectation value of the scalar density at vanishing quark mass,
commonly named the quark or chiral condensate, plays a central r\^ole
in QCD at low energies. Spontaneous chiral symmetry breaking is
signalled by the formation of a non-vanishing condensate, and an
accurate determination of... |
1,108,101,564,512 | arxiv | \section*{Introduction}
\indent Three-dimensional topological insulators (TIs) have attracted significant attention as they possess topologically protected metallic states on their surfaces, known as surface states\cite{Hasan,Qi,Ando,Ando1,Cava}. These metallic surface states in 3D TIs originate as a result of the nont... |
1,108,101,564,513 | arxiv |
\section{Conclusions}
In this paper, we proposed a novel probabilistic framework for extracting hypernym subsequences from individual hypernymy relations. We also presented a minimum cost-flow optimization approach to taxonomy induction from a noisy hypernym graph. We demonstrated that our subsequence-based approach o... |
1,108,101,564,514 | arxiv | \section{Introduction and motivation}
Black holes are solutions of Einstein's general relativity that are constantly surprising. While black holes are classically black, in the quantum context they can radiate particles and have a well defined temperature, which allows us to treat them as thermodynamical objects. Beke... |
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