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1,108,101,564,715
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Generalization from limited data is the basic cognitive ability of intelligence~\cite{sims2018efficient}. To achieve class-level generalization abilities, researchers develop zero-shot learning (ZSL)~\cite{xian2018zero}, which aims to identify unseen classes without any available images during...
1,108,101,564,716
arxiv
\section{Introduction} In the case of a synchronously-orbiting, highly-irradiated planet, if the opacity of the atmosphere is lower at optical wavelengths than at infrared wavelengths, the vertical temperature profile of the dayside hemisphere is expected to decrease with decreasing pressure close to the infrared phot...
1,108,101,564,717
arxiv
\section*{Introduction} \addcontentsline{toc}{section}{\hspace*{2.3em}Introduction} In this paper, we consider elementary properties (i.e., properties which are definable in the first order language) of endomorphism rings of Abelian $p$-groups. The first result on relationship of elementary properties of some models ...
1,108,101,564,718
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \IEEEPARstart{T}{he} Industry 4.0 initiative is advocating smart manufacturing as the industrial revolution leading to global economic growth~\cite{1,2,3,4}. Many countries, corporations, and research institutions have embraced the concept of Industry 4.0, in particular the United States, the Eu...
1,108,101,564,719
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The existence and construction of cusp forms is a fundamental problem in the modern theory of automorphic forms (\cite{arthur}, \cite{sel}, \cite{wmuller1}, \cite{gold}, \cite{gold-1}). In this paper we address the issue of existence of cusp forms for almost simple Lie groups using the app...
1,108,101,564,720
arxiv
\section{\textbf{Introduction}} \label{intro} \subsection{\textbf{Robust Denoising in Deep Learning}} Deep learning technique has rapidly entered into the field of image processing. One of the most popular methods was the Denoising Autoencoder (DA) motivated by~\cite{vincent2008extracting}. It used the reference data t...
1,108,101,564,721
arxiv
\section{Independent and correlated errors} \label{corr} Before presenting a study of correlated errors, it is worth discussing exactly what is and what is not a correlated error. For illustrative purposes, we center the discussion around a hypothetical quantum computer consisting of a 2-D array of mobile spins on ...
1,108,101,564,722
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{section:introduction} \subsection{Fingerprint features, matching and individuality} Fingerprint individuality is the study of the extent of uniqueness of fingerprints and is the central premise for expert testimony in court. Assessment of individuality is made based on comparing feat...
1,108,101,564,723
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro} Double-diffusive instabilities commonly occur in any astrophysical fluid that is stable according to the Ledoux criterion, as long as the entropy and chemical stratifications have opposing contributions to the dynamical stability of the system. They drive weak forms of convecti...
1,108,101,564,724
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Although the current experimental data show no plausible evidence of new physics beyond the Standard Model (SM), the minimal supersymmetric (SUSY) extension of the SM (MSSM) is still a primary candidate for new physics. As has been well-known and intensively studied, the MSSM not only prov...
1,108,101,564,725
arxiv
\section*{Acknowledgements} The authors are grateful to Randolf Sch{\"a}rfig for help with generating the experimental datasets and rendering the results, to Daniele Panozzo for help with isotropic remeshing, to Fernando De Goes, David Gu, and Maks Ovsjanikov for helpful discussion on their prior works, and to K...
1,108,101,564,726
arxiv
\section{Introduction} In recent years, it was demonstrated that quantum cascade lasers (QCLs) \cite{faist1994} are very well suited to develop broadband sources of coherent radiation in the terahertz (THz) spectral region \cite{turcinkova2011,Roesch2014}. The concept of heterogeneous QCLs, firstly introduced in the mi...
1,108,101,564,727
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Topological superfluids and superconductors have been a fascinating subject for long. Early explorations of topological superfluids were at least partially motivated by their close connections to quantum Hall physics \cite{Volovik88,Volovik}. Read and Green further pointed out the unique roles...
1,108,101,564,728
arxiv
\section{Introduction} It has long been appreciated that Markov chains can be employed as an effective computational tool to sample from probability measures. Starting from a desired `target' probability distribution $\mu$ on a space $\mathbb{H}$ one seeks a Markov transition kernel $P$ for which $\mu$ is an invariant...
1,108,101,564,729
arxiv
\section{Preliminaries} Let $n\in\mathbb{N}$ and $q=p^h$, with $p$ prime and $h\in\mathbb{N}\setminus\{0\}$. Let PG($n,q$) be the $n$-dimensional Desarguesian projective space over the finite field of order $q$. In line with other articles, we define \[ \theta_n=\frac{q^{n+1}-1}{q-1}\textnormal{,} \] with the e...
1,108,101,564,730
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Let $K$ be a number field. Let $X$ be a smooth projective curve over $K$ given by an equation $y^N=f(x)$, where $f(x) \in K[x]$ is a monic separable polynomial of degree $m>N>1$ and where $\gcd(m,N)=1$. We call such a curve a superelliptic curve of type $(N,m)$ over $K$. The curve $X$ has a uni...
1,108,101,564,731
arxiv
\section*{REFERENCES\markboth {REFERENCES}{REFERENCES}}\list {}{\settowidth\labelwidth{[#1]}\leftmargin\labelwidth \advance\leftmargin\labelsep \usecounter{enumi}} \def\hskip .11em plus .33em minus .07em{\hskip .11em plus .33em minus .07em} \sloppy \sfcode`\.=1000\relax} \let\endthebibliography=\endlist \title{...
1,108,101,564,732
arxiv
\section{Introduction} How matter is distributed around galaxies is one of the fundamental questions in cosmology. Gravitational lensing provides a powerful method to map the matter distribution at small and large length scales~\citep[for a review, see][]{BS01}. Recent large galaxy redshift surveys, such as the Sloan ...
1,108,101,564,733
arxiv
\section{\sc ARS, reward, and dopamine in the evolution of life} The starting point of these notes is a talk to which I heard few years back in Milan, Italy. The speaker, Giuseppe Boccignone, showed us the pair of images in Figure~\ref{wow}, which represent two paths in two dimensions. It is not hard to see that the ma...
1,108,101,564,734
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The central mathematical principle underlying AdS/CFT duality is the fact that the group $SO(2,4)$ of Poincar\'e and conformal transformations of physical $3+1$ space-time has an elegant mathematical representation on ${\rm AdS}_5$ space where the fifth dimension has the anti-de Sitter warped me...
1,108,101,564,735
arxiv
\section{Motivations} \label{sec:motiv} For a complete, separable metric space $X$, the topology of convergence in distribution is metrizable \cite{DudleyRealanalysisprobability2002} by considering the so-called Kolmogorov-Rubinstein or Wasserstein-1 distance: \begin{equation}\label{eq_core:1} \operatorname{dist}_{...
1,108,101,564,736
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Human-Object Interaction (HOI) detection, which aims to localize and infer relationships between human and objects in images/videos, $\left \langle human, verb, object \right \rangle$, is an essential step towards deeper scene and action understanding~\cite{chao2018learning, gao2018ican}. In rea...
1,108,101,564,737
arxiv
\section{Appendix} \label{sec:appendix} \Eq{loss_joint} is expanded as follows: \begin{alignat*}{2} &E(X, Y) \\ &= -\log \sum_{k=1}^K \phi_k(X) && \mathcal{N}(f(Y) \,|\, \mu_k(X), \sigma_k(X)^2) \\ &= - \log \sum_{k=1}^K \phi_k(X) && \prod_{d=1}^{D} \left( \frac{1}{\sqrt{2 \pi} \sigma_{k,d}(X)} \exp \left( -\frac{...
1,108,101,564,738
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Let $P_0$ and $P_1$ be two distinct points in $\mathds R\times\mathds R_{\geq0}$ and consider for $\alpha\geq0$ the variational problem \[ \int y^\alpha\ d\mathscr{H}^1(x,y) \ \to \ \min \] within the class \[ \mathscr{C}\coloneqq\{\, \mathfrak{K}\colon [0,1]\to\mathds R\times\mathds R_{\geq0} ...
1,108,101,564,739
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:introduction} \input{Introduction} \section{Structural Aspects} \label{sec:structure} \input{Structure} \section{Charge Order and Ferroelectricity} \label{sec:ChargeOrder} \input{ChargeOrder} \input{Phasediagram} \input{Ferroelectricity_weaklydimeriz...
1,108,101,564,740
arxiv
\section{Introduction}\label{intro} Splines are known as piecewise polynomial functions defined on faces of polyhedral complexes with a smoothness condition. They control the curvature of a surface in engineering and industry. They also appear in numerical analysis, optimization theory, computer-aided design and mod...
1,108,101,564,741
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \pagenumbering{arabic} In the present era when financial institutions are facing serious challenges in the advent of improving life expectancy, pricing of key products such as `Guaranteed Annuity Options' which involve survival benefit has gained a lot of momentum. It is the need of the hour ...
1,108,101,564,742
arxiv
\section{Introduction} In a recent publication, the important ratio $F_K/F_\pi$ was evaluated in a scheme that allows for the derivation of compact analytic approximations in two loop chiral perturbation theory (ChPT) \cite{Ananthanarayan:2017qmx}, based on the Mellin-Barnes (MB) approach detailed in \cite{Ananthanara...
1,108,101,564,743
arxiv
\section{Introduction} It is well-known that at finite Reynolds numbers particles migrate across streamlines of the flow to some equilibrium positions in the microchannel. This migration is attributed to inertial lift forces, which are currently successfully used in microfluidic systems to focus and separate particles...
1,108,101,564,744
arxiv
\section{Introduction} In this paper, we present LifeJacket{}, a system for automatically verifying floating-point optimizations. Floating-point arithmetic is ubiquitous---modern hardware architectures natively support it and programming languages treat it as a canonical representation of real numbers---but writing cor...
1,108,101,564,745
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{intro} Speciation requires the evolution of reproductive isolation between initially compatible individuals \cite{mayr_1942}. One of the most accepted mechanisms for the development of reproductive barriers is the geographic isolation of the populations, which can be complete (allopatry) ...
1,108,101,564,746
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The reconstruction of anatomical joint surface and angular relationships is a paramount aspect in surgical management of fractures or ligament injuries. Intra-operative fluoroscopic guidance, 3D imaging, or navigation is typically used to ensure anatomically and mechanically correct reduction, so...
1,108,101,564,747
arxiv
\section*{Introduction} \label{sec:intro} During spaceflight, astronauts are exposed to a variety of environmental stressors ranging from chemical and bacterial insults (resulting from the materials and occupants of the space vehicle) to microgravity and mixed fields of ionizing radiation. The space radiation environm...
1,108,101,564,748
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Machine Translation (MT) systems have been shown to exhibit severely degraded performance when required to translate of out-of-domain or noisy data \citep{luong15, sakaguchi16, belinkov17}. This is particularly pronounced when systems trained on clean, formalized parallel data such as Europarl \...
1,108,101,564,749
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The cosmological constant($\Lambda$) has been an outstanding problem for the past seventy-five years[1,2], ever since Einstein introduced it in the field equations to avoid an expanding universe. One of the great developments of 1980's, was the creation of a standard model of cosmology based o...
1,108,101,564,750
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Face recognition research has been significantly promoted by deep learning techniques recently. But a persistent challenge remains to develop methods capable of matching heterogeneous faces that have large appearance discrepancy due to various sensing conditions. Typical heterogeneous face recog...
1,108,101,564,751
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The top quark was discovered at the Tevatron proton-antiproton collider at Fermilab in 1995~\cite{top_discovery}. The study of its properties continues even today. The top is the heaviest particle in the Standard Model (SM) with a mass $\sim$175 GeV which differs widely from those of the ot...
1,108,101,564,752
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro} This paper is the first in a series devoted to the development of a rigorous renormalisation group method. We develop the method with the specific goal of providing the necessary ingredients for our analysis of the critical behaviour of the continuous-time weakly self-avoidi...
1,108,101,564,753
arxiv
\@startsection{section}{1}{\z@}{3.5ex plus 1ex minus .2ex}{2.3ex plus .2ex}{\large\bf}{\@startsection{section}{1}{\z@}{3.5ex plus 1ex minus .2ex}{2.3ex plus .2ex}{\large\bf}} \defAppendix \Alph{section}{\arabic{section}} \def\Alph{section}.\arabic{subsection}{\arabic{section}.\arabic{subsection}} \def\arabic{subsubs...
1,108,101,564,754
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{intro_sect} The spectrum of hot, massive stars reveals signatures of dense, highly-supersonic mass outflows that are driven by the strong radiation field. These stellar winds have a significant effect on the evolution of massive stars, as O stars will lose a sizable fraction of their tot...
1,108,101,564,755
arxiv
\section{BACKGROUND} Self-driving technology is advancing rapidly --- albeit with significant challenges and limitations. This progress is due in large part to the success of GPU-driven deep learning algorithms. However, many competing architectures and techniques for deep learning are currently available and/or in d...
1,108,101,564,756
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Shuttling one or several atoms or ions is a key operation for fundamental research and to implement quantum-based technologies. In many of these applications it is important to deliver the particles fast and motionally unexcited at destination. Shortcut-to-adiabaticity (STA) techniques \cite{T...
1,108,101,564,757
arxiv
\section{Introduction} For last decades a great attention has been paid to developments of both exact and approximate techniques to solve and examine different dynamical problems for quantum strongly coupled systems whose interaction Hamiltonians are expressed by nonlinear functions of operators describing subsystems ...
1,108,101,564,758
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{intro} The existence of pre-defined values for quantum observables that are independent of any measurement settings, has been a matter of debate ever since quantum theory came into existence. While Einstein made a case for looking for hidden variable theories that would give such values~\c...
1,108,101,564,759
arxiv
\section{Introduction} It is well known that a compact Hausdorff space $T$ is second countable if and only if the Banach space $C(T)$ consisting of all the scalar valued functions on $T$ is separable. Similarly, the compact Hausdorff $T$ is an Eberlein compact if and only if $C(T)$ is generated by a weakly compac...
1,108,101,564,760
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Mobile devices are important gadgets in our lives. Nowadays, mobile systems, especially Android, and their applications (apps) dominate most of our daily economic and social interactions. Android has the biggest share in the mobile computing industry \cite{idc2016smartphone} due to its open-sour...
1,108,101,564,761
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Forecasting future events has always been both an extremely worthwhile and difficult endeavour, and while many processes have been able to predicted by improving our fundamental understanding of the underlying process, not all processes are simple and stable enough to mathematically predicted. Th...
1,108,101,564,762
arxiv
\section{ Model production function and CES } \label{apx:ces_prodfun} Here we show that the production functions used in the main text are highly related to nested CES production functions. Specifically, we consider a CES production function with three nests of the form (we suppress time indices for convenience) \be...
1,108,101,564,763
arxiv
\section{Introduction}\label{sec:intro} The interstellar medium (ISM) is at the core of the ecosystem in star-forming galaxies. The ISM gives birth to stars and also processes the energy and metals these stars produce, using the majority in maintaining the ISM state while expelling a fraction to larger scales. Modeli...
1,108,101,564,764
arxiv
\section{Introduction}\label{s:introduction} In this paper, we consider Covariance Steering (CS) problems for discrete-time linear stochastic systems. In this particular class of stochastic optimal control problems, one tries to find a control policy that will steer the probability distribution of the state, or more...
1,108,101,564,765
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro} Many applications within scientific computing and big-data analytics rely heavily on efficient implementations of sparse linear algebra algorithms, such as sparse matrix-vector multiplication (SpMV). Examples include conjugate gradient solvers~\cite{CG}, tensor decomposition~\ci...
1,108,101,564,766
arxiv
\section{Introduction}\label{SecIntro} Determining the various parameter values of the resonant modes of oscillation of the Sun is an important process in the field of helioseismology. Parameters such as the mode frequencies, lifetimes and amplitudes can all be used to determine the conditions of the solar interior. O...
1,108,101,564,767
arxiv
\subsection{Proof of Theorem \ref{theo:np_hard}} \label{sec:proof_A} Suppose we have $\mathcal{G_s}\!=\!(\mathcal{V_s} ,\mathcal{L_s})$, where $\mathcal{V_s}\!=\!\{e_1,e_2,a_1\}$ and $\mathcal{L_s}\!=\!\{(e_1,a_1),(e_2,a_1)\}$. For the purpose of expressing easily, we define $l_1\!=\!(e_1,a_1)$ and $l_2\!=\!(e_2,a_1)$...
1,108,101,564,768
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:I} Neutron stars must be one of the most suitable environments to examine the physics under extreme conditions. The density inside the star can be much more than the nuclear saturation density, $\varepsilon_0=2.7\times 10^{14}$ g/cm$^3$, and its gravitational binding energy becomes t...
1,108,101,564,769
arxiv
\section{Introduction} An \emph{overlay network} is a network created on top of an existing network. In more technical terms, an overlay network is a network the links of which are realised as flows (or connections) of the underlying network. Overlay networks are an old idea, and have many applications. They can be...
1,108,101,564,770
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Contemporary human society lies under the effect of an almost fully accomplished globalisation. International barriers have become more permeable thanks to the spread of English as universal language. Connections of individuals develop across huge distances throughout the world thanks to the dail...
1,108,101,564,771
arxiv
\section{Introduction} We say that a word $x$ is a {\it border} of $w$ if it is both a prefix and a suffix of $w$. Peltom\"aki \cite{Pelt1,Pelt2} recently introduced the notion of {\it privileged word}. A word $w$ is privileged if \begin{itemize} \item[(a)] it is of length $\leq 1$, or \item[(b)] it has a privileged...
1,108,101,564,772
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Standard finite element methods use the full $P_k$ polynomials (of total degree $\leq k$) on each element (e.g. triangle or tetrahedron), in order to achieve the optimal order of approximation, in solving partial differential equations. In certain situations the $P_k$ polynomial spa...
1,108,101,564,773
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Structures of atypical chaoticity, although rare, can play an important role in many physical systems. For instance, resonances and separatrices play a crucial part in determining stability of planetary systems \cite{LaffargueLaskar, LaffargueMurrayHolman}. Similarly, to study the global diffusio...
1,108,101,564,774
arxiv
\section{Renormalization of contact interactions} While it is convenient to work with local two-body interactions of the form \begin{equation} \hat{V} = U \sum_{\mathbf{k},\mathbf{k'},\mathbf{q}} x^\dagger_\mathbf{k}x_{\mathbf{k}-\mathbf{q}} \, c^\dagger_\mathbf{k'} c_{\mathbf{k'}+\mathbf{q}}, \end{equation} this leads...
1,108,101,564,775
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \vspace{-3pt} \label{sec:intro} In our surrounding environment, there are various sounds such as speech, machine activity, and animal sounds. A system capable of detecting such sounds will provides us various valuable applications such as automatic driving to detect unseen dangers~\cite{car,Smar...
1,108,101,564,776
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The robust and accurate prediction of complex machinery's remaining useful life (RUL) is essential for condition-based maintenance (CBM) to improve reliability and reduce maintenance costs. Turbofan engine, a key component of aircraft, is highly complex and precise thermal machinery. Since the d...
1,108,101,564,777
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Adaptive designs have a growing importance in clinical drug discovery and development. In clinical studies, multiple new treatments are often of interest for evaluation but, due to limited resources (time, available patients, budget, etc.), only one or two with the best-observed response(s) can ...
1,108,101,564,778
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \noindent The single pulse emission from pulsars consist of one or more components which are known as subpulses. Shortly after the discovery of pulsars it was observed that the subpulses in some cases carry out systematic drift motion within the pulse window and the phenomenon was termed su...
1,108,101,564,779
arxiv
\section{Introduction} { The formation and early evolution of massive star clusters, those containing large numbers of early type stars, is currently poorly understood but is fundamental for our understanding of star formation in general and massive star formation in particular \citep[e.g.][]{zinnecker,adamo}. The la...
1,108,101,564,780
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \subsection{Notation} We write $\mathbb{R}_{> 0} \coloneqq \setm{x \in \mathbb{R}}{x > 0}$ and for $\mu, \rho \in \mathbb{R}$ we define for the comprehension $\mathbb{C}_{\abs{\cdot} < \mu} \coloneqq \setm{z \in \mathbb{C}}{\abs{z} < \mu}$ and $\mathbb{C}_{\abs{\cdot} > \mu}$, $\mathbb{C}_{...
1,108,101,564,781
arxiv
\section{Introduction} In \cite{ES} Ellingsrud and Str{\o}mme compute the number of twisted cubic curves on some smooth projective hypersurfaces and complete intersections. Their arguments rely on understanding the closure $H_n$ in an appropriate Hilbert scheme of the locus of smooth twisted cubics in $\P^n$, and so...
1,108,101,564,782
arxiv
\section{Introduction} While the physics of dark energy is obscure, existence of a feature in data consistent with the cosmological constant $\Lambda$ across supernovae \cite{Riess:1998cb, Perlmutter:1998np}, cosmic microwave background (CMB) \cite{Aghanim:2018eyx} and baryon acoustic oscillations (BAO) \cite{Eisenst...
1,108,101,564,783
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro} In recent years there has been much excitement about the structures and properties of novel two-dimensional (2D) materials. With high mechanical strength, unique electronic properties, and tunable chemical reactivity \cite{Yazyev14,ChengNanoscale21} these materials offer promis...
1,108,101,564,784
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Industrial Control Systems (ICS) are found in modern critical infrastructure (CI) such as the electric power grid and water treatment plants. The primary role of an ICS is to control the underlying processes in a CI. Such controls are facilitated through the use of computing and communication el...
1,108,101,564,785
arxiv
\section{Introduction}\label{sec1} Many of the the major ongoing government or government-funded surveys have panel components including, for example, in the U.S., the American National Election Study (ANES), the General Social Survey (GSS), the Panel Survey on Income Dynamics (PSID) and the Current Population S...
1,108,101,564,786
arxiv
\section{\label{s1}Introduction} \section{Introduction} \label{Sect1} The antisymmetric fields in four dimensions are interesting from various viewpoints. The most attractive part is that they emerge naturally as effective fields after compactification of the (super)string effective action \cite{1}-\cite{5}....
1,108,101,564,787
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Quasi-birth-and-death processes (QBDs) is the fundamental class of Markovian models in the theory of matrix-analytic methods, with a level-variable $X(t)$ and a phase-variable $\varphi(t)$ forming a two-dimensional state space. In many applications of the QBDs, the phase variable $\varphi(t)$ ...
1,108,101,564,788
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The high-energy behaviour of gravity is still not well understood, and several directions have been developed in order to build a satisfactory theoretical and phenomenological framework. One possibility is to consider gravity as an effective model \cite{donoghue} and study the implicatio...
1,108,101,564,789
arxiv
\section{Introduction}\label{sec:Introduction} For a cellular network, uplink transmissions define the coverage area. This is because the transmission power in the uplink is limited to $23$ dBm at the user equipment (UE) owing to hardware limitations (such a battery size) and regulatory constraints as opposed to $43$ d...
1,108,101,564,790
arxiv
\section*{Introduction} Let $X$ be an algebraic scheme, that is, a separated scheme of finite type over a ground field $k$, which is not necessarily quasiprojective. A fundamental question is whether or not every coherent sheaf $\shF$ on $X$ is the quotient of some locally free sheaf $\shE$ of finite rank. If this pro...
1,108,101,564,791
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Since lepto-quark(LQ) bosons connect lepton and quark sectors, these models potentially explain several new physics beyond the standard model (SM); {\it e.g.}, lepton(muon or electron) anomalous magnetic dipole moment ($g-2$)~\cite{Bauer:2015knc, Chen:2016dip, Chen:2017hir, Nomura:2021oeu,Colucci...
1,108,101,564,792
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The $\Lambda$CDM cosmogony, while successful in describing the large scale structure of our universe, still suffers from potential discrepancies in modeling the properties on small scales, primarily for dark matter halos that are expected to host the observed dwarf galaxies. For example, Milky-Wa...
1,108,101,564,793
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Since unitary quantum theory almost inevitably makes it the case that for most times, nearly all macroscopic objects have large uncertainties in their positions relative to other objects not rigidly attached to them, there has been the mystery of why our conscious perceptions are generally of su...
1,108,101,564,794
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The production of the strange vector meson $K^{*}(892)$ in proton-proton collisions was studied rather extensively at high collision energies \cite{Ammosov:1975cn, Kichimi:1979cs, Drijard:1981ab, Brick:1982ke, Aziz:1985gf, Bogolyubsky:1988ei, AguilarBenitez:1991yy}, with the lowest-energy data p...
1,108,101,564,795
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro} The potential of difference image analysis (DIA) as a powerful tool for unveiling short period variable stars, or small amplitude variations in Blazhko RR Lyraes, in the densely populated central regions of globular clusters (GC), has been demonstrated in recent papers \citep[e...
1,108,101,564,796
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The classical momentum map for an action of a Lie group on a Poisson manifold provides a mathematical formalization of the notion of conserved quantity associated to symmetries of a dynamical system. The standard definition of momentum map only requires a canonical Lie algebra action and its e...
1,108,101,564,797
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro} Big Bang nucleosynthesis produced only hydrogen, helium and trace amounts of lithium in the first minutes of the Universe. All metals, as astronomers call elements heavier than helium, were produced in stars and distributed into the interstellar medium (ISM) by their violent de...
1,108,101,564,798
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Tropospheric lightning produces an electromagnetic field that influences the lower ionosphere. This lightning-generated electromagnetic field can heat and accelerate ionospheric electrons, triggering a cascade of chemical reactions that results in fast optical emissions, known as Transient Lumin...
1,108,101,564,799
arxiv
\section{Introduction} In many functional data analysis (FDA) settings, one wishes to test either a null hypothesis \begin{equation}\label{onehyp}H_0: f(s)=0\mbox{ for all }s\in\mathcal{S},\end{equation} for a function $f$ defined on a domain $\mathcal{S}$, or alternatively a family of null hypotheses \begin{equation}...
1,108,101,564,800
arxiv
\part{Paper} \section{Introduction} \input{Paper/intro} \subsection*{Related Work} \input{Paper/related} \section{Preliminaries} \input{Paper/prelim} \section{Equilibrium for General Utility Function} \input{Paper/general} \section{Equilibrium for Anonymous Utility Function} \input{Paper/anonymous} \section{Concl...
1,108,101,564,801
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Puncturable encryption (PE), proposed by Green and Miers \cite{GM15} in 2015, is a kind of public key encryption, which can also be seen as a tag-based encryption (TBE), where both encryption and decryption are controlled by tags. Similarly to TBE, a plaintext in PE is encrypted together wit...
1,108,101,564,802
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Network representation of complex interactions among elements is an overarching framework heavily used in many fields of science~\cite{Newman2010book,Barabasi2012NatPhys,Barabasi2016book}. For social systems, the dynamics of interactions between individuals (whether electronic, online or face-t...
1,108,101,564,803
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The theory of open quantum dynamics has attracted significant interest recently due to the fast development of new experimental skills to study, and even design, the interaction between a quantum system and its environment. In many applications, the dynamics of an open system interacting with it...
1,108,101,564,804
arxiv
\section{Introduction}\label{sec:intro} \input{1_introduction.tex} \section{Related Work}\label{sec:related} \input{2_relatedwork.tex} \section{Proposed Method}\label{sec:method} \input{3_method.tex} \section{Experimental Results}\label{sec:evaluation} \input{4_experimentalresults.tex} \section{Discussion \& Future...
1,108,101,564,805
arxiv
\section{Introduction}\label{sec:1} Many methods have been developed in order to estimate free energy differences, ranging from thermodynamic integration \cite{Kirkwood1935,Gelman1998}, path sampling \cite{Minh2009}, free energy perturbation \cite{Zwanzig1954}, umbrella sampling \cite{Torrie1977,Chen1997,Oberhofer2008...
1,108,101,564,806
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec1} Transfer reactions below Coulomb barrier energies are known to be a powerful technique to determine asymptotic properties of the overlap between the initial and final state wave functions, essentially free from uncertainties associated with optical potentials and structural complexi...
1,108,101,564,807
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{intro} \subsection{Background} A basic observation made by Thomas Schelling while studying the mechanisms leading to social segregation in the United States \cite{schelling1969models,schelling1971dynamic} was that individuals in a social network have interactions with their frie...
1,108,101,564,808
arxiv
\section{Introduction} What are all the ways to produce the simplest closed 3-manifolds by the simplest 3-dimensional topological operation? From the cut-and-paste point of view, the simplest 3-manifolds are the {\em lens spaces} $L(p,q)$, these being the spaces (besides $S^3$ and $S^1 \times S^2$) that result from i...
1,108,101,564,809
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro} Machine learning (ML) is set out to revolutionize the way that the individuals and the society interact with and utilize the machines. These advances; however, are predicated on delivering high-performance platforms for training models during the training phase. The trained mod...
1,108,101,564,810
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Electromagnetic form factors probe the internal structure of hadrons mapping their charge and magnetic distributions. The slope of the electric and magnetic form factors at zero momentum yields the electric and magnetic root mean square radius, while the value of the form factors at zero momentum...
1,108,101,564,811
arxiv
\section{Introduction} New ideas are created by (re)combining existing ideas and applications \cite{poincare, weitzman98, burt04}. Business opportunities and jobs are found amidst heterogeneous offers and demands \cite{burt92}. Both novelty and economic welfare depend on information diversity, be it different kinds of ...
1,108,101,564,812
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \thispagestyle{empty} Well-posedness of final value problems for a large class of parabolic differential equations was recently obtained in a joint work of the author and given an ample description for a broad audience in \cite{ChJo18ax}, after the announcement in \cite{ChJo18}. The present pap...
1,108,101,564,813
arxiv
\section{Proofs for \Cref{sec:problem}} \subsection{Gradient norm lower bound for the input to a network block} \begin{proof}[Proof of \Cref{thm:gradient-norm-activation}] We use $f_{i\to j}$ to denote the composition $f_j\circ f_{j-1}\circ \cdots\circ f_i$, so that $\mathbf{z} = f_{i\to L}(\mathbf{x}_{i-1})$ for all $...
1,108,101,564,814
arxiv
\section{Introduction} KDD Cup 2022 proposes a dynamic wind power forecasting competition to encourage the development of data mining and machine learning techniques in the energy domain \cite{zhou2022sdwpf}. In this challenge, wind power data are sampled every 10 minutes for each of the 134 turbines of a wind farm. Es...