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1,108,101,565,915 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}
Semantic parsing (SP) is one of the most important tasks in natural language processing (NLP).
It requires both understanding the meaning of natural language sentences and mapping them to meaningful executable queries such as logical forms, SQL queries, and Python code.
Recently, some state-of-... |
1,108,101,565,916 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{intro}
In all studies of relativistic properties of nuclear matter, mean
field models are usually the models of first choice \cite{SW,NJL}.
These models use a statistical approach based on Boltzmann-Gibbs
(BG) statistics which is, strictly speaking, only correct when the
corresponding hea... |
1,108,101,565,917 | arxiv | \section{Introduction} \label{sec-intro}
It is well-known that static black holes do not have the scalar hair with non-negative
potential in asymptotically flat spacetimes \cite{bekenstein1972} (see Ref. \cite{H-R} for a review).
However, there is an exception, that is, we can have the Bocharova-Bronnikov-Melnik... |
1,108,101,565,918 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The concept of form factors plays an extremely important role in the
studies of the internal structure of composite particles.
The non-trivial dependence of form factors on the momentum transfer $Q^2$
(i.e., its deviation from the constant behavior) is usually
a signal of the non-elementa... |
1,108,101,565,919 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:introduction}
Structure functions in deep-inelastic scattering (DIS) are among the most
extensively measured observables. Today the combined data from fixed-target
experiments and the HERA collider spans about four orders of magnitude in both
Bjorken-$x$ and the scale $Q^2 = -q^2$ gi... |
1,108,101,565,920 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\setcounter{equation}{0}
We consider the following model boundary value problem (BVP) for the Helmholtz equation in a plane angle $Q$ of magnitude $\Phi>\pi$ with a complex frequency $\omega\in\mathbb{C}^{+}=\big\lbrace \Im\omega>0\big\rbrace$:
\begin{equation}\label{D}
\left\{ \begin{array... |
1,108,101,565,921 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Theory and observations support a scenario where galaxy growth is tightly linked to the availability of cold gas. Several key galaxy scaling relations can be explained by an `equilibrium' (or `gas regulator') model, in which galaxy growth self-regulates through accretion of gas from the cosmic w... |
1,108,101,565,922 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Building a large scale quantum information processor is a daunting technology
integration challenge. Most current experiments demonstrate static circuits,
where a pre-compiled sequence of gates is terminated by qubit measurements. In
some cases, conditional control flow is emulated by postselect... |
1,108,101,565,923 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}
\noindent{\em Graph games and multi-objectives.}
Two-player games on graphs are central in many applications
of computer science. For example, in the synthesis problem, implementations are
obtained from winning strategies in games with a qualitative objective such as
$\omega$-regular spec... |
1,108,101,565,924 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The stellar atmospheres of the first generations of low-mass ($M\leq$
0.8 $M_\odot$) stars are expected to retain, to a large extent, detailed
information on the chemical composition of the nearly pristine gas of
the interstellar medium (ISM) at the time and place of their birth.
Detailed abundan... |
1,108,101,565,925 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
A well-known conjecture in the theory of random walk on a group asserts that
for the
random walk on the symmetric group generated by all permutations of a common
cycle structure, the mixing time of the walk depends only on the number of fixed
points. Given measure $\mu$ on $S_n$ and integer $t \... |
1,108,101,565,926 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
When studying large networks, it is important to understand what sorts of computations can be
performed in a distributed way on a given network.
In particular, it is natural to consider the
setting
where each node acts independently in parallel, and where the network is specified separately from... |
1,108,101,565,927 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The purpose of the present paper is to derive a non-oscillatory and convergent numerical method for a large class of nonlocal continuity equations of the form
\begin{equation}\label{eq:conslaw}
\begin{split}
\partial_t \mu + \nabla\cdot\big(V[\mu]\mu\big) = 0 &\qquad x\in\xset,\ t>0 \\
\mu(x,0) =... |
1,108,101,565,928 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sec:introduction}
\vspace*{-0.1in}
Initial algebra semantics~\cite{bdm97} is one of the cornerstones of
the modern theory of data types. It has long been known to deliver
practical programming tools --- such as pattern matching, induction
rules, and structured recursion operators --- as ... |
1,108,101,565,929 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Discussions of the spatial forms of physical materials use in a natural way geometrical and topological concepts. It is to be expected that arrangements of matter should form patterns that are described by pre-existing mathematical structures drawn from geometry and topology. But theoretical phys... |
1,108,101,565,930 | arxiv | \section{#1}}
\renewcommand{\theequation}{\arabic{section}.\arabic{equation}}
\newcommand{\begin{equation}}{\begin{equation}}
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\newcommand{\begin{displaymath}}{\begin{displaymath}}
\newcommand{\end{displaymath}}{\end{displaymath}}
\newcommand{\begin{eqnarray}}{\begin{eqn... |
1,108,101,565,931 | arxiv |
\section*{Acknowledgment}
JPS would like to acknowledge the support of NSF DMR-1719490.}
\mw{MW acknowledges support from the Simons Foundation Grant (No.~454953 Matthieu Wyart) and from the
SNSF under Grant No.~200021-165509.}
\bibliographystyle{ws-rv-van}
|
1,108,101,565,932 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\setcounter{equation}{0}
Quantization of the Nambu-Poisson bracket has been a long-standing problem since Y. Nambu proposed in 1973 \cite{Nambu}. The Zariski quantization proposed in 1996 by G. Dito, M. Flato, D. Sternheimer, and L. Takhtajan, is one of the strong candidates for a quantization ... |
1,108,101,565,933 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:aintro}
As a consequence of the gravitational diffraction of light \cite{Turyshev:2017,Turyshev-Toth:2017}, electromagnetic (EM) waves traveling from distant sources in the close proximity of the Sun are focused by the solar gravitational field at heliocentric distances beyond $\over... |
1,108,101,565,934 | arxiv | \section{Introduction and calculation}
The lattice numerical calculation of the matrix element of any
operator $\cal{A}$ with mass dimension $d$ yields $a^d\cal{A}$, where
$a$ is the lattice spacing, up to scaling violating contributions of
order $O(a^{d+1})$. The calculation of $a$ as a function of the coupling
c... |
1,108,101,565,935 | arxiv | \section{Background} \label{sec:ext_background}
In the following, we provide further information and review related literature on concepts discussed throughout this work.
\subsection{Unbalanced Optimal Transport} \label{sec:unot_add}
\looseness -1 Unbalanced optimal transport is a generalization of the classical OT f... |
1,108,101,565,936 | arxiv | \section{Background}
\label{sec:background}
\subsection{The Spiking Neuron Model}
The discrete time leaky integrate-and-fire~(LIF) model follows:
\begin{equation}
U^{(l+1)}[t+1] = U^{(l+1)}[t]\left(1-\frac{1}{\tau_m}\right)\left(1-S^{(l+1)}[t]\right)+\mathbf{W}^{(l)}a^{(l)}[t]
\label{eq:1}
\end{equation}
\begin{equat... |
1,108,101,565,937 | arxiv | \section{Results and discussion}
{\it Energetic stability and dynamical stability.} We identify only six BHC (AlPt, AuBa, AuLi, AuRb, LiPt, LuPt) and 13 BSQ (AlPt, AuBa, AuCa, AuCs, AuK, AuLi, AuRb, AuSr, BaPt, LuPt, PtSc, PtSr, PtY) structures having negative $E_j$, and find that these compounds except for BHC AlPt a... |
1,108,101,565,938 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The combination of chiral perturbation theory ($\chi$PT) and non-perturbative methods inspired from
$S$- matrix theory, play an important role in the study of resonances nowadays~\cite{uchpt1}.
A straightforward application of this approach is to determine the properties of the resonance,
such a... |
1,108,101,565,939 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
A number of indicators point to the period from $z\approx 3$ to
$z\approx 1$ as the time when galaxies
assembled. This period of some 3 billion years witnessed
a maximum in the rate at which stars have formed and a
peak in number of quasars and powerful radio galaxies.
The luminous star form... |
1,108,101,565,940 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Long-duration Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs) are thought to originate from the death of massive stars \citep{2006ARA&A..44..507W}. It is widely recognized that the study of GRBs provides the important knowledge on the final evolutionary stage in the life of massive stars. Although the nature of GRBs re... |
1,108,101,565,941 | arxiv | \section{#1} \vspace{0mm}}
\newcommand{\SubSection}[1]{\vspace{-1mm} \subsection{#1} \vspace{-1mm}}
\newcommand{\SubSubSection}[1]{\vspace{-0mm} \subsubsection{#1} \vspace{0mm}}
\def\cvprPaperID{9944}
\defCVPR 2021{CVPR 2021}
\begin{document}
\title{Mitigating Face Recognition Bias via Group Adaptive Classifier}
... |
1,108,101,565,942 | arxiv | \section{Introduction\label{sect1}}
\subsection{Formulation of problems\label{sect1.1}}
In the union $\Pi_{l}^{\varepsilon}$, fig. \ref{f1}, b and a, of the unit
straight stri
\begin{equation}
\Pi=\left\{ x=\left( x_{1},x_{2}\right) \in\mathbb{R}^{2},\text{ }x_{1
\in\mathbb{R},\text{ }x_{2}\in\left( 0,1\rig... |
1,108,101,565,943 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sect:intro}
We have to take binary and multiple systems into account when we study the formation of stars and exoplanets and the further dynamical evolution of stellar groups and systems of exoplanets. This fact is reflected in many works on this topic (i.e.~\citealt{2014prpl.con... |
1,108,101,565,944 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Hydrodynamics is important because it provides a connection between
microscopic models of particle interactions and experimentally observable
behavior. Its experimental significance is due to the fact that
hydrodynamics describes the evolution of fundamental quantities, including
local mass, mom... |
1,108,101,565,945 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Since its introduction by Grothendieck, local cohomology has become a major part of commutative algebra that has been studied from different points of view. When $R$ is a polynomial or power series ring over a field $k$, each local cohomology module $\lc^j_I(R)$ admits a natural module structure... |
1,108,101,565,946 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The determination of black hole (BH) masses is one of the major focus in the studies of supermassive black holes and the active galaxies where they reside. Most BH mass estimates are based on correlations between the BH mass and the stellar bulge velocity dispersion, i.e., the M-$\sigma$ relatio... |
1,108,101,565,947 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
Cosmic rays with energies up to at least $\sim 10^{15}$~eV are thought to originate in supernova remnants (SNRs). They are high-energy particles that have a simple power-law energy spectrum that extends over five decades in energy. The need for an efficient acceleration mechanis... |
1,108,101,565,948 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The origin of Saturn's rings has been an ongoing puzzle since Galileo's
discovery of the system four hundred years ago.
Current theories that explain the rings' origin
are constrained by the mass, composition and age of the rings
\citep{harris84,dones91,charnoz09a,canup10,charnoz09b,cuzzi10} (S... |
1,108,101,565,949 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:introduction}
Let us adopt the following notation for integer intervals: $[a \,.\,.\, b] \defn [a, b] \cap \field[N] = \{a, a+1, \dotsc, b\}$ with the special case $[n] \defn [1 \,.\,.\, n]$.
Let $S \subset \field[N]$ contain $n$ elements. A \emph{permutation} of $S$ is a linear orde... |
1,108,101,565,950 | arxiv |
\section{Missing Proofs}
\begin{proof}[Proof of~\autoref{thm:main1}]
Let $\nodes_\bound = \{x_1, \dots, x_k\}$. Recall that an access request $\ba = (a_1, \dots, a_k)$ corresponds to the query $\varphi[a_1/x_1, \dots, a_k/x_k]$; in other words, we substitute each occurrence of a bound variable $x_i$ with the consta... |
1,108,101,565,951 | arxiv | \section{\label{sec1} Introduction}
Detection of gravitational waves (GWs) from compact binary coalescences (CBCs) provides ideal tests of general relativity (GR) in the strong-field regime~\citep{LIGOScientific:2016lio,LIGOScientific:2017ycc,LIGOScientific:2017bnn,LIGOScientific:2018dkp,LIGOScientific:2019fpa,LIGOScie... |
1,108,101,565,952 | arxiv | \section{Introduction and main result}\label{sec:intro}
We consider the approximation of a nonnegative, integer-valued random variable $W$ by a compound geometric distribution. We say that $Y$ has a compound geometric distribution if it is equal in distribution to $\sum_{i=1}^NX_i$, where $X,X_1,X_2,\ldots$ are i$.$i... |
1,108,101,565,953 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sec:intro}
Empirical stellar spectral libraries are one of the most universal
tools in modern astronomy. They have applications in both
extragalactic and in stellar studies. The former include the
modelling of unresolved stellar populations
\citep[e.g.][]{2016A&A...589A..73R}, matching... |
1,108,101,565,954 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In a tidal disruption event (TDE), a star wanders toward the center of a galactic nucleus and is tidally disrupted by a supermassive black hole (SMBH). A bright, multi-wavelength flare is produced when the stellar debris falls back and accretes toward the black hole. Observing such incidents is ... |
1,108,101,565,955 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Algorithms that detect anomalies have to learn normal behaviour to be able to identify anomalous behaviour. Sometimes we do know what types of anomalies we need to search for, and then use supervised Machine Learning (ML) methods to find them. As anomalies are, by definition, rarer than normal... |
1,108,101,565,956 | arxiv | \section{Definitions and Rough classification}
\begin{definition}An abstract semigroup is a set $S$ equipped with an associative composition law
$\mu :S\times S\to S $.
When $S$ is a variety and $\mu$ is a morphism, we say that $(S,\mu)$ is an algebraic semigroup.
\end{definition}
\begin{theorem} (M.Brion ~\cite ... |
1,108,101,565,957 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Consider a dynamical system $(X,G)$ consisting of a compact Hausdorff topological space $X$ equipped with a continuous action of a group $G$.
A point $x \in X$ is called \emph{periodic} if its orbit is finite.
There are many classical examples of ``chaotic" dynamical systems
(e.g., the ... |
1,108,101,565,958 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Given a graph $G$, let $\alpha_k = \alpha_k(G)$ denote the size of the largest set of vertices such that any two vertices in the set are at distance larger than $k$. Thus, with this notation, $\alpha_1$ is just the independence number $\alpha$ of a graph.
The parameter $\alpha_k(G)$ therefore r... |
1,108,101,565,959 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{intro}
The issue of equivalence of covariant and light-front Hamiltonian perturbation theory has attracted a lot of attention in the past years \cite{bmcy05}. Equivalence of LFQED \cite{must} and covariant QED at the Feynman diagram level was addressed, for the first time, by us \cite{swa... |
1,108,101,565,960 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sec:introduction}
Multidimensional problems in a wide variety of applications have data or solutions that are often represented by tensors~\cite{kolda2009tensor}. A general tensor $\mathcal{X} \in \C^{n_1\times\cdots \times n_d}$ requires $\prod_{j=1}^d n_j$ degrees of freedom to store, whi... |
1,108,101,565,961 | arxiv | \section{Introduction and Results}
\par\hspace{5mm}
The Neumann--Poincar\'e (abbreviated by NP) operator is a boundary integral operator which appears naturally when solving classical boundary value problems using layer potentials. Its study (for the Laplace operator) goes back to C. Neumann \cite{Neumann-87} and H.... |
1,108,101,565,962 | arxiv |
\chapter{A more detailed spectral analysis}\label{a:better}
\section{From Remark \ref{r:better2}(i) to Remark \ref{r:better}(c)}
Let us assume the validity of \ref{r:better2}(i) and prove Remark \ref{r:better}(c). Let $m_0\ge 2$ be the integer such that
\begin{align}\label{z1}
&{\rm spec}\, (L_{\text{st}}, U_{... |
1,108,101,565,963 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
We study the classical statistical problem of regression in general spaces. Given an instance metric space $(\mathcal{X},\rho)$ and a value space $\mathcal{Y}$ with a loss $\ell$, one observes instances in $\mathcal{X}$ and aims to predict the corresponding values in $\mathcal{Y}$. The learning ... |
1,108,101,565,964 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
We study a model for the spread of an infection in a collection of moving interacting particles, based on the well-known epidemiological \textbf{SIR} (Susceptible-Infected-Removed) model. The process is initiated from a Poisson process of susceptible particles on $\Z^d$ with density $\mu > ... |
1,108,101,565,965 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Many physical, chemical, economic, social, and ecological problems lead to the investigation of competition processes between the interacting components of the system.
Competition processes play an important role in the course of evolution of nonlinear open spatially extended systems. For examp... |
1,108,101,565,966 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{s:Introduction}
Quasi-periodic pulsations (QPPs) are frequently seen in the time profiles of solar and stellar flare emission
\citep[see reviews][]{2009SSRv..149..119N, 2016SSRv..200...75N}. Among all the possibilities of QPPs explanation, two reasons are discussed more actively: magn... |
1,108,101,565,967 | arxiv | \section{Introduction} In a recent paper \cite{Singh:2018} we have proposed that space-time arises as a consequence of localisation of the wave function of macroscopic objects due to the dynamical mechanism of spontaneous localisation. In the present paper we present the same result, along with new physical insights a... |
1,108,101,565,968 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\indent
The Bose gas is one of the simplest models in quantum statistical mechanics, and yet it has a rich and complex phenomenology.
As such, it has garnered much attention from the mathematical physics community for over half a century.
It consists in infinitely many identical Bosons and is use... |
1,108,101,565,969 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Quantum key distribution (QKD) \cite{c1,c2,c3} is a branch of quantum cryptography, whose goal is to provide an elegant way that allows two distant legitimate partners, Alice and Bob, to share a random secure key over unsecure quantum and classical channels. Its security is provided by the laws o... |
1,108,101,565,970 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Gamma-ray bursts (GRB) have been detected in the past year at X-ray, as well
as optical and radio frequencies (e.g. Costa, et al. 1997, Sahu, et al.
1997, Frail et al. 1997; recent results are summarized in Meegan, Preece
\& Koshut, 1997). A cosmological origin is indicated by the measurements ... |
1,108,101,565,971 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The accelerating pace of digitisation is driving digital interaction into all areas of our daily life, and from the resulting mass of data, a substantial portion can be quantified into human behavioural signals.
Learning to recognise emotional cues in interactions e.\,g.,\, taking place via vide... |
1,108,101,565,972 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The Rabi model \cite{Rabi1937}, which describes a two-level atom interacting with a single-mode classical filed, plays an important role in understanding atom-field interaction. A solvable fully quantum-mechanics model, Jaynes-Cummings (JC) model \cite{Jaynes1963}, gives the general and basic phy... |
1,108,101,565,973 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:Introduction}
In a recent article~\cite{EmelyanovKlinkhamer2018}, we discussed
Coulomb scattering of two electrically charged
elementary particles, with one of these particles
inside the Schwarzschild black-hole horizon and the other outside.
We, then, proposed a \textit{Gedankenexper... |
1,108,101,565,974 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Because photons couple in point-like fashion to quarks, observation,
among the final-state particles in a high energy collision, of photons carrying
large values of transverse momentum provides an incisive probe of the short
distance hadron dynamics of the collision. This fact explains the sub... |
1,108,101,565,975 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Active galactic nuclei (AGN) consist of an accreting supermassive
black hole (SMBH) in the center of a galaxy and sometimes present
powerful radio emitting jets (Begelman et al. 1984). Radio-loud AGNs
have continuum emission along the whole electromagnetic spectrum, from
radio to gamma rays (e.g... |
1,108,101,565,976 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
GPS trajectories are the essential foundations of
many applications such as travel time estimation~\cite{zhang2018deeptravel, li2018multi}, traffic prediction~\cite{li2021traffic, zheng2020gman, jin2022gridtuner}, trajectory similarity measurement~\cite{li2018deep,yao2019comput... |
1,108,101,565,977 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The question of what causes the prominent east-west (zonal) jet
streams and banded cloud patterns on Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and
Neptune remains a major unsolved problem in planetary science.
On Jupiter and Saturn, there exist $\sim20$--30 jets, including
a broad, fast superrotating (eastward)... |
1,108,101,565,978 | arxiv |
\section{Parameter Estimation}
We summarize the parameter estimation procedure in Algorithm \ref{alg:Estimation}.
\begin{algorithm
\DontPrintSemicolon
\KwIn{Observations $\mathcal D = \{x_i, c_{ki}\}$, hyperparameters $\Phi=\{\mathbf\Omega_0, \delta, \nu\}$, learning rate $\epsilon $.}
\KwOut{Estimated $\hat{\Thet... |
1,108,101,565,979 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}
\vskip -2mm
Log-log plot of normalized stock market capitalizations ranked in descending order is called {\em capital distribution curve}.
For example, figures below display distribution of capital on the NASDAQ
market on three dates in 2014 (data source is {\tt http://www.google.com/finance\#s... |
1,108,101,565,980 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In the Deep Learning community, finding the best Neural Network architecture for a given task is a key problem that is mainly addressed \textit{by hand} or using validation techniques. For instance, in computer vision, this has lead to particularly well-known models like GoogleNet \cite{DBLP:jou... |
1,108,101,565,981 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{chap1}
The majority of the digital information produced globally is present in the form of web pages, text documents, news articles, emails, and presentations expressed in natural language text. Collectively, such data is termed \emph{unstructured} as opposed to \emph{structured} data tha... |
1,108,101,565,982 | arxiv | \section*{Introduction}
In his derivation of the limiting mass of a white dwarf star using hydrostatic equilibrium, Chandrasekhar\cite{ch1}-\cite{ch2} assumed that the electrons inside the star can be modelled as {\it free} quantum mechanical particles inside a box of length equal to the radius of the star. The electr... |
1,108,101,565,983 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}
The Transformers have shown to outperform the vanilla recurrent neural networks in many natural language processing tasks \cite{Vaswani2017, Peters2018, Liu2019, Devlin2019, Fedus2021}. One of the key factors of such improvement is the self-attention mechanism which allows contexts to be proces... |
1,108,101,565,984 | arxiv | \section{\label{sec:Indroduction}Introduction}
Quantum computing (QC) has been demonstrated theoretically to provide significant speedup over classical computers in several computational tasks \cite{harrow2017quantum, nielsen2002quantum}. Notable examples include the factoring of large numbers \cite{shor1994algorithms}... |
1,108,101,565,985 | arxiv |
\section{Introduction}
\subsection{Interpretation of observables}
\subfile{01a_intro_physics.tex}
\subsection{Software}
\subfile{01b_intro_software.tex}
\section{GNA}
\subsection{Design principles}
\subfile{02a_gna_design.tex}
\subsection{GNA core}
\subfile{02b_gna_types.tex}
\subsection{GNA usage}
\su... |
1,108,101,565,986 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Graph, as a ubiquitous data structure, is employed extensively in a wide range of applications, such as bioinformatics~\cite{Graph-classification-using-structural-attention}, citation networks~\cite{Cora} and social networks~\cite{Supervised-random-walks-predicting-and-recommending-links-in-socia... |
1,108,101,565,987 | arxiv | \section{Introduction \label{sec:Introduction}}
In numerous signal processing applications such as equalization and
interference cancellation, long FIR filters have to be implemented
at high sampling rates. This results in high complexity, which grows
proportional to the square of the number of nonzero taps. One ... |
1,108,101,565,988 | arxiv | \section{Our project}
Galactic open clusters (OCs) are considered very good tracers of
the disk' properties: they are seen over the
whole disk, cover the entire age interval of the disk and trace its chemical
abundances both at present time and in the past \citep[e.g.,][]{friel95}.
One of the subjects where there... |
1,108,101,565,989 | arxiv | \section{Methods}
\begin{figure*}[h!]
\centerline{\includegraphics[width=15cm]{main}}
\caption{Pipeline of our proposed nuclear instance segmentation and classification algorithm.
}
\label{main}
\end{figure*}
We propose a unified model to achieve the simultaneous nuclear instance segmentation and classification on... |
1,108,101,565,990 | arxiv | \section{Appendix}\label{sec:App}
\subsection{Convex Envelopes of quadratic and bilinear terms}
The nonlinearities appearing in power flow are of the form $x^2$ or $xy$ for some variables $x,y$. We use the following convex envelopes as relaxations of these nonlinear terms:
\begin{subequations}
\begin{align}
\mathrm{Sq... |
1,108,101,565,991 | arxiv | \section{Contact terms and the master orbit}
Many years ago, it was suggested in \cite{Witten} that because of
the factorization of correlation functions at large-$N$ and translational
invariance, the functional measure for $YM$ theories at $N=\inft... |
1,108,101,565,992 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In this paper, we will consider the viscosity solutions for the following Dirichlet (exterior) problem
\begin{equation}\label{e:pde}
\begin{cases}
-\phi(-\Delta)u=f &\text{in} ~ D, \\
u=0 &\text{in} ~ \mathbb{R}^n \backslash D,
\end{cases}
\end{equation}
where $\phi$ is in the class of function... |
1,108,101,565,993 | arxiv | \section*{Introduction}
\emph{Entangled quantum systems are more strongly correlated than classical systems can be.}
This simplified statement proves to be remarkably rich by raising several questions, from practical ones -
``How do we measure those correlations?''
- to more subtle ones -
``What does \emph{stronger} ... |
1,108,101,565,994 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sec:Intro}
This chapter will discuss settings in which the dependent variable we seek to
model takes on a range of values that are restricted, broadly defined as
\textbf{limited dependent variable models}. Within the class of limited
dependent variables, a special case arises when the outc... |
1,108,101,565,995 | arxiv | \section*{Introduction}
Though QSO absorption lines have contributed many impressive strides
in our understanding of the UV universe (Charlton, this volume),
{\it terra--incognita\/} remains to be explored and scientifically
exploited.
A few of the ultimate aims of QSO absorption line studies are to
establish the hist... |
1,108,101,565,996 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{sec:intro}
\begin{figure}[h]
\centering
\includegraphics[height=60mm,width=\linewidth,keepaspectratio]{shema_general.pdf}
\caption{Overview of the proposed babbling approach. The robot chooses a point in the environment with which to interact and then observes whether an object has moved a... |
1,108,101,565,997 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Data related to meteorology, geology and hydrology are often connected to geographical locations. The data are typically linked to point locations, but there are also data observed over an areal unit, e.g. over a crop field, a forest, a grid from a satellite observation or an administrative unit ... |
1,108,101,565,998 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
In this paper, we study the deformation space of geodesic triangulations of a surface within a fixed homotopy type. Such space can be viewed as a discrete analogue of the space of surface diffeomorphisms homotopic to the identity. Our main theorem is the following.
\begin{theorem}
For a closed o... |
1,108,101,565,999 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
{\bf Introduction.} Dark matter (DM) constitutes a significant
fraction of the energy density in the universe, $\Omega_{\rm DM}=0.229
\pm 0.015$ \cite{Komatsu:2010fb}. This conclusion is based entirely on
gravitational effects of DM. A fundamental question is whether DM
interacts also non-gravit... |
1,108,101,566,000 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Flaring events at radio frequencies are known to take place in
Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN), usually followed by the observation
of new radio features in the parsec-scale jets \citep[e.g.,][]{sa02}. It has been shown that the ejection of those features, or components, is related to dips in the X-... |
1,108,101,566,001 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The relationship between the neutron matter equation of state (EOS) and
the neutron skin thickness has been studied extensively by using
the Skyrme Hartree-Fock (HF) model, a relativistic mean field (RMF) model
\cite{Brown,Furn,Yoshi04}.
The neutron matter EOS is essential for studying the... |
1,108,101,566,002 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{sec:intro}
Recent observations indicate that probably only a small fraction of about
$7\pm3$\% of O-type stars with masses exceeding 18~${\rm M}_\odot$
\citep{Grunhut2017}
and about $6\pm3$\% of early B- and O-type stars
\citep{Schoeller2017}
have measurable, mostly dipolar mag... |
1,108,101,566,003 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}\label{intro}
The problem of classifying a category of objects by assigning objects of another category as complete invariants is fundamental to many disciplines of mathematics. This is particularly true in C$^*$-algebra theory, where the problem of classifying the nuclear simple separable C$^*$-... |
1,108,101,566,004 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
Open star clusters offer an opportunity to investigate stellar evolution in detail due to the shared properties of their member stars. Analysis of eclipsing binary stars and asteroseismology are strong tools to improve such studies further \citep[e.g.][]{Brogaard2011,Brogaard2012,Brogaard2017, B... |
1,108,101,566,005 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The production of $W$-boson pairs at electron-positron colliders
is a process of crucial relevance for a precise determination
of the $W$ mass. If the International Linear Collider will measure
the total cross section at the per-mille level~\cite{AguilarSaavedra:2001rg},
a direct reconstruct... |
1,108,101,566,006 | arxiv | \section{Linguistic Introduction}
The Lambek calculus~\citep{Lambek58} was introduced for mathematical modelling of natural language syntax via {\em categorial grammars.}
The concept of categorial grammar goes back to ideas of~\citet{Ajdukiewicz} and~\citet{BarHillel}.
The framework of categorial grammars aims to des... |
1,108,101,566,007 | arxiv | \subsubsection{Abstract}
Deep Bayesian neural networks (BNNs) are a powerful tool, though computationally demanding, to perform parameter estimation while jointly estimating uncertainty around predictions.
BNNs are typically implemented using arbitrary normal-distributed prior distributions on the model parameters.
He... |
1,108,101,566,008 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The dynamic range is defined as the ratio of the intensity of the brightest point to the intensity of the darkest point in a scene or image. The dynamic range of a natural scene can go beyond
120 dB, which exceeds the dynamic range of almost all modern image sensors. The traditional approach for... |
1,108,101,566,009 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
One of the most celebrated results in spectral geometry is due to Hermann Weyl in 1911: given any bounded domain $\Omega$ in $\mathbb{R}^n$, one can obtain its volume by understanding the eigenvalue distribution of the Laplacian on $\Omega$. This result, usually referred to as Weyl's law, has sin... |
1,108,101,566,010 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
The rare-earth intermetallic compounds of the general formula $RT_2X_2$, where $R$ is the rare-earth, $T$ is a transition metal and $X$ is a $p$-block element, crystallizing in the ThCr$_2$Si$_2$-type crystal structure have been investigated extensively owing to their interesting physical prop... |
1,108,101,566,011 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
\label{intro}
Achieving high efficiencies and coefficients of performance in thermoelectric nanodevices is one of the main goals of contemporary research on these effects. It is well-known that a strong energy dependence of the electronic transport is a prerequisite for efficient thermoelect... |
1,108,101,566,012 | arxiv |
\section{}
\subsection{Gradient Analysis of ASL}
The negative gradients of ASL~\cite{ben2020asymmetric} with different $\gamma$ and $m$ are shown in Fig.~\ref{img:app_asl}.
Despite attempts at different hyper-parameters, the turning point is limited as $p\in[0.8.0.9]$.
Given that, ASL still focuses too much on most ... |
1,108,101,566,013 | arxiv | \section{Proof of Theorem~\ref{t1}}
The necessity is evident. We shall prove the sufficiency. Let
$(H,\tau)$ be a $\mathcal G$-separated paratopological group,
where $\mathcal G$ is $T^\flat$-stable class of topological
groups. Since the group $H$ is $\mathcal G$-separated, there
exists a group topology $\sigma$... |
1,108,101,566,014 | arxiv | \section{Introduction}
After discovering a topological proof of
Hindman's theorem \cite{Hind} (see \cite[p.102]{HS}, \cite{H2}), topological methods become a standard
tool in the modern combinatorics of numbers, see \cite{HS},
\cite{P}. The crucial point is that any semigroup operation
defined on a discrete space $... |
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