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1,108,101,566,015
arxiv
\section*{Introduction} Let $\sE$ be an ample rank $r$ bundle on a smooth toric projective surface, $S$, whose topological Euler characteristic is $e(S)$. In this article, we prove a number of surprisingly strong lower bounds for $c_1(\sE)^2$ and $c_2(\sE)$. First, we show Corollary (\ref{easyLowerBoundForC1Square})...
1,108,101,566,016
arxiv
\section{Gaussian wave packets/coherent states: saddle point conditions} \label{gwp} As mentioned briefly in the introduction, multidimensional Gaussian wave packets show up in many subfields of physics and have become extremely important tools for understanding a wide range of phenomena. In addition, the projection ...
1,108,101,566,017
arxiv
\section{Conclusions and Future Work} \label{sec:conclusion} In this work we proposed a novel method using self-organizing maps for multi-label stream classification in scenarios with infinitely delayed labels. Experiments on synthetically and real datasets showed that our proposal was highly competitive in different ...
1,108,101,566,018
arxiv
\section{Introduction} In conventional distribution systems, the lack of sufficient real-time measurements in a distribution grid hinders the ability to obtain situational awareness. With increasing penetration of PV and EVs, more extensive real-time monitoring and control is required for effective operation of the sy...
1,108,101,566,019
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \noindent Ref.~\cite{Meade:2008wd} introduced a novel framework suitable for discussing and analysing general models of gauge mediation in a model-independent way. The so-called General Gauge Mediation (GGM) paradigm~\cite{Meade:2008wd} is defined by the requirement that the Minimal Supersymmetr...
1,108,101,566,020
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:introduction} Structural T1-weighted (T1w) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is useful for diagnosis of various brain disorders, in particular neurodegenerative diseases \citep{frisoni_clinical_2010, harper2016mri}. They have thus often been used as inputs of machine learning (ML) algo...
1,108,101,566,021
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The extent to which the non-classical properties of one-mode field states survive in the presence of noise and losses was investigated since the early years of quantum optics \cite{VW,MW}. A routine operation like the transmission of light beams through an optical fiber could produce a subst...
1,108,101,566,022
arxiv
\section{\protect\detokenize{#1}}% \lstinputlisting[]{#1}% } \definecolor{greencode}{RGB}{0,128,0} \definecolor{comment}{RGB}{128,128,128} \definecolor{orange}{RGB}{255,127,0} \lstset{ columns=flexible, basicstyle=\ttfamily, keywordstyle=\color{greencode}\bfseries, commentstyle=\color{comment}\ttfamily, st...
1,108,101,566,023
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec.intro} The concept of {\it materials informatics} based on the {\it big data science} has attracted recent interests in the context for discovering and exploring novel materials \cite{Ikebata2017}. Achieving high efficiency to get {\it data}, namely experimental measurements and ...
1,108,101,566,024
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The leading power transverse momentum dependent factorization theorem introduces eight quark transverse momentum-dependent distributions (TMDs) \cite{Mulders:1995dh}, which are listed in table \ref{tab:tmds}. Altogether, these eight TMDs provide a comprehensive description of the nucleon's three...
1,108,101,566,025
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:introduction} The study of fast time variability of X-ray emission from black-hole binaries (BHB) has received a considerable boost during the sixteen years of operation of the Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer (RXTE) mission, that has provided millions of seconds of high-sensitive observat...
1,108,101,566,026
arxiv
\section{Introduction}}} \bigskip\large In these notes we give a brief introduction to decomposition theory and we summarize some classical and well-known results. The main question is that if a partitioning of a topological space (in other words a \emph{decomposition}) is given, then what is the topology of the quot...
1,108,101,566,027
arxiv
\section{Introduction}\label{int} Gradient Ricci solitons are important in understanding the Hamilton's Ricci flow \cite{Hamilton2}. They arise often as singularity models of the Ricci flow and that is why understanding them is an important question in the field. In view of their importance, it is then natural to see...
1,108,101,566,028
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro} Relation extraction (RE) extracts semantic relations between entities from plain text. For instance, ``\textbf{Jon Robin Baitz}$_{head}$ , born in \textbf{Los Angeles}$_{tail}$ ...'' expresses the relation \emph{/people/person/place\_of\_birth} between the two head-tail entiti...
1,108,101,566,029
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Advances in many areas, such as genomics, signal processing, image analysis and finance, call for new approaches to handle high dimensional data problems. Consider the multiple linear regression model: \begin{equation} \boldsymbol{y} = \boldsymbol{X}\boldsymbol{\theta}+\boldsymbol{\varepsilo...
1,108,101,566,030
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Off-axis mirror systems provide additional degrees of freedom for the design of more compact and accurate imaging systems compared to rotationally symmetric ones. The study of their aberration behaviour is of great interest to the optics community. The mathematical characterization of aberration...
1,108,101,566,031
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro} A well-known application area of SAT solvers is the analysis of over-constrained systems, i.e.\ systems of constraints that are inconsistent. A number of computational problems can be related with the analysis of over-constrained systems. These include minimal explanations of i...
1,108,101,566,032
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sect:intro} Relativistic jets are detected in both Galactic and extragalactic sources. In the latter case, they reach kiloparsec, or even Megaparsec, scales and produce different observed phenomena, radiogalaxies and blazars, according to whether they are viewed sideways or end-...
1,108,101,566,033
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro} It has long been conjectured that neutron stars might contain cores of quark matter, and one of the challenges facing nuclear astrophysics is to find signatures by which the presence of such matter could be inferred from observations of the behavior of neutron stars. This requi...
1,108,101,566,034
arxiv
\section{INTRODUCTION}\label{section:introduction} \subsection{Background}\label{section:background} Active asteroids are small solar system bodies that exhibit comet-like mass loss yet occupy dynamically asteroidal orbits, typically defined as having Tisserand parameters of $T_J$$\,>\,$3.00 and semimajor axes less th...
1,108,101,566,035
arxiv
\section{Introduction}\label{intro} Multiplanetary systems appear to be suitable distant laboratories to explore the diversity of small planets, and their formation and evolution pathways. This is the case of Kepler-36 \citep{2012Sci...337..556C}, where its two planets, b and c, present periods of 14 and 16 days with ...
1,108,101,566,036
arxiv
\section*{Introduction} A transit of Venus (ToV) in front of the Sun is a rare event, a unique opportunity to study the sunlight refraction in the atmosphere of the planet during ingress and egress, from which the mesospheric and upper haze structure can be constrained. The event of June 5-...
1,108,101,566,037
arxiv
\section*{Introduction.} Stellar feedback plays significant role in the regulation of the interstellar medium (ISM) structure and the whole galaxy evolution as well. Stellar winds and supernovae explosions create complexes of shells and supershells of ionized and neutral gas; e.g. \citet{bagetakos11} analysed the HI ...
1,108,101,566,038
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Synthetic biology refers to the systematic design and engineering of biological systems, and is a growing domain which promises to revolutionize areas such as medicine, environmental treatment, and manufacturing \cite{Benner2005}. However, current technologies for synthetic biology are mostly ma...
1,108,101,566,039
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro} Due to the complex relationship between intensity distributions, multi-modal registration \cite{heinrich2012mind} remains a challenging topic. Optimization based registration, which optimizes similarity across phases or modals by aligning the voxel pairs, has been a dominant sol...
1,108,101,566,040
arxiv
\section{INTRODUCTION AND MOTIVATIONS} It is well known that defining an Hermitian (or unitary, by means of an exponentiation trick) phase operator for the Fock space of the isotropic harmonic oscillator and, more generally, for an infinite-dimensional Hilbert space is not an easy problem.$^{\cite{SusskindGlogow...
1,108,101,566,041
arxiv
\section{Introduction}\label{intro.sec} There is significant evidence that some form of dark matter dominates the gravitating mass in the universe and its abundance is known to great precision \citep{komatsu11}. The most popular candidate for dark matter is the class of weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs), ...
1,108,101,566,042
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The differential geometry of normed spaces is a topic of research that was studied by authors like Busemann \cite{Bus3}, Guggenheimer \cite{Gug2}, and Petty \cite{Pet}, and it is still far away from being comprehensively investigated. Its relation to Finsler geometry is nicely described in \cite...
1,108,101,566,043
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro} Histopathology is regarded as the gold standard method for cancer diagnosis, including almost all types of cancers, such as breast, lung, colon and prostate cancer \cite{rubin2008rubin, gurcan2009histopathological, he2012histology}. Suspicious tissues are biopsied and the biopsy...
1,108,101,566,044
arxiv
\section{Introduction} SoCs composed of a pool of heterogeneous processing elements offer performance gains over their homogeneous counterparts as they allow pairing each task or execution phase of application with a suitable processing element (PE) based on the state of the system resources. To harness this flexibil...
1,108,101,566,045
arxiv
\section{Introduction}\label{sec:introduction}} \else \section{Introduction} \label{sec:introduction} \fi \IEEEPARstart{M}{alwares} have canonically been lumped into categories such as viruses, worms, Trojans, rootkits, etc. Today's advanced malwares, however, often include many components with different functionali...
1,108,101,566,046
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Core-collapse (CC) supernovae (SNe) are caused by the gravitational collapse of the core in massive stars. The diversity of the events that we observe reflects the diversity of the progenitor stars and their surrounding circumstellar media (CSM). In particular, the extent to which the star has...
1,108,101,566,047
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The recent observations of gravitational wave (GW) signals from compact binary mergers by the LIGO-Virgo collaborations~\cite{LIGOScientific:2016aoc, LIGOScientific:2017bnn,LIGOScientific:2018mvr,TheLIGOScientific:2017qsa,Abbott:2018wiz,Abbott:2020uma,Abbott:2020khf} have greatly moved our under...
1,108,101,566,048
arxiv
\section{Introduction\label{intro}} The measurement of the Galactic rotation curve provides a powerful tool for constraining the mass distribution in the Milky Way and enters various branches of Galactic kinematics as an essential ingredient. The measurement of the rotation curve inside the solar orbit at $R_0$ can ...
1,108,101,566,049
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Experiments at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) have already started testing many models of particle physics beyond the Standard Model (SM), and particular attention is being paid to the Minimal Supersymmetric SM (MSSM) and to other scenarios involving softly-broken supersymmetry (SUSY). In the...
1,108,101,566,050
arxiv
\section*{Methods} \label{sec:Methods} Samples for these measurements were fabricated by dry-peel methodology described elsewhere~\cite{woods2014commensurate, kretinin2014}. Control of the alignment is achieved by positioning long, straight edges of the crystals (which tend to be one crystallographic axis, zig-zag or...
1,108,101,566,051
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Demodulation of interference fringes is of importance to a wide ranging applications in optics \cite{Hariharan} including optical metrology, digital holography for live cell imaging, surface inspection, particle-field holography, astronomical imaging etc. Currently the interference fringes in all...
1,108,101,566,052
arxiv
\section{Introduction}\label{section: Introduction} By $\mathcal H$ we will always denote an undirected graph without multiple edges (and by abuse of notation also denote its set of vertices). In this paper we focus on $\mathcal H$ which is four-cycle free, that is, it is finite, it has no self-loops and the four-cycl...
1,108,101,566,053
arxiv
\section{Introduction} In the \textit{person search} problem, a \textit{query} person image crop is used to localize co-occurrences in a set of scene images, known as a \textit{gallery}. The problem may be split into two parts: 1) \textit{person detection}, in which all person bounding boxes are localized within each ...
1,108,101,566,054
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The \footnote{Preprint of an article submitted for consideration in [Journal of Artificial Intelligence and Consciousness] © [2021] [copyright World Scienti!c Publishing Company] [https://www.worldscientific.com/worldscinet/jaic]} field of artificial intelligence has advanced considerably since ...
1,108,101,566,055
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{se:intro} This work concerns the action of Hecke algebras and Galois deformation rings on homology groups of certain arithmetic manifolds. Let $X_0(N)$ be a modular curve, $\mathcal{O}$ the ring of integers of a finite extension of $\mathbb{Q}_\ell$, and $\fm$ a non-Eisenstein maximal idea...
1,108,101,566,056
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The coexistence of magnetism and superconductivity is generally thought to be mutually exclusive. Recent discoveries of exotic superconductors, which exhibit coexistence with ferromagnetism or antiferromagnetism, have challenged this long standing belief.\cite{sax00,pfl01,par06} However, it has...
1,108,101,566,057
arxiv
\section{$O^-(2n,q)$} For more details about the results of this section, one is referred to the paper \cite{DY}. Also, we recommend \cite{ZX} as a general reference for matrix groups over finite fields. Throughout this paper, the following notations will be used:\\ \begin{itemize} \item [] $q = 2^r$ ($r \in \mathbb...
1,108,101,566,058
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The modeling of a cardiovascular system is the problem of great importance due to it should be aid for understanding and prediction of various diseases like atherosclerosis, arteriosclerosis, hypertension, etc. The most often approaches to the problem is a direct applying of classical hydrodynami...
1,108,101,566,059
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The need for algorithms and methods that can handle large data in a distributed setting has grown significantly in recent years. Specifically, such settings may arise in two prototypical scenarios: (a) induced distributed data: distribute and parallelize computationally demanding optimization t...
1,108,101,566,060
arxiv
\section{Introduction} A gravitational system (see, e.g., \cite{Birrell,Barvinsky:1985an,Buchbinder,Frolov,Donoghue:1994dn,Mukhanov} for reviews) is much subtler and more complex than a non-gravitational one in many ways. This aspect is manifest in various forms, most notably in the challenges in quantization, which...
1,108,101,566,061
arxiv
\section{Introduction} G11.2$-$0.3 is a composite-type SNR with a central pulsar wind nebula (PWN) surrounded by a circular shell. The shell is bright both in radio and X-rays, and has an outer diameter of $4'$ and a thickness of $0.'5$ \citep{gre88,rob03}. The shell is clumpy with several clumps protruding its ou...
1,108,101,566,062
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Let $\mathcal O$ be a bounded domain in $\mathbb R^2$. The electrical impedance tomography problem (e.g., \cite{borcea}) concerns determining the impedance in the interior of $\mathcal O$, given simultaneous measurements of direct or alternating electric currents and voltages at the boundary...
1,108,101,566,063
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The study of thermodynamic aspects of black holes over the past decades has given several insights into the nature of gravity as described by Einstein's General Relativity, and is expected to be a crucial link in constructing a quantum theory of gravity (see \cite{paddy-newinsights} for a recen...
1,108,101,566,064
arxiv
\section{Introduction}\label{Sec:1} \section{Introduction}\label{sec:1} \setcounter{section}{1} \setcounter{equation}{0}\setcounter{theorem}{0} Nowadays, non-local applied mathematical models based on the use of fractional derivatives in time and space are actively discussed \cite{baleanu2012fractional,eringen200...
1,108,101,566,065
arxiv
\section{Introduction}\label{sec1} The strong unique continuation property (SUCP) for second order elliptic equations with smooth coefficients is well-known. It asserts that a solution vanishing to infinite order at a point must entirely vanish; on the other hand the weak unique continuation principle (WUCP) asserts th...
1,108,101,566,066
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \begin{figure}[t]\label{fig:norm} \centering \includegraphics[width=5in]{./1_norm.pdf} \vspace{-2mm} \caption{(a) An illustration of the visualized patterns of convolutional filters. (b) $\ell_1$ norm based filter pruning and functionality-oriented pruning.} \vspace{-3mm} \end{figure} Nowad...
1,108,101,566,067
arxiv
\partial{\partial} \def\mathcal{\mathcal} \def\text{Var\/}{\text{Var\/}} \newcommand{\boldsymbol}{\boldsymbol} \newcommand{\begin{equation}}{\begin{equation}} \newcommand{\end{equation}}{\end{equation}} \newcommand{\e}[1]{\exp\left( #1\right)} \newcommand{\mathcal{CAT}}{\mathcal{CAT}} \newcommand{\mathcal{INV}}{\mathc...
1,108,101,566,068
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro} Quality control is a fundamental process in the manufacturing pipeline. Since the '80s, automatizing the quality control task has been offering potentials to overcome limitations of manual inspection \cite{chin1982automated}. As a consequence, successful applications of automa...
1,108,101,566,069
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro} With the launch of the idea that stable models \cite{GL88:iclp} of a logic program can be used to encode search problems, a new programming paradigm, called Answer Set Programming (ASP) was born \cite{MT99,Niemela99:amai,Lifschitz99:iclp}. Nowadays, the fact that normal logic p...
1,108,101,566,070
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Recently, Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have attracted increasing attention due to its successful applications on various graph-structure data, such as social networks, chemical composition structures, and biological gene proteins~\cite{Zhou2018,Wu2019}. However, recent works~\cite{Sun2018,Xu2019a...
1,108,101,566,071
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Since the seminal work of Suzuki and Yamashita~\cite{DBLP:journals/siamcomp/SuzukiY99}, much research on cooperative mobile robots was aimed at identifying the minimal assumptions (in terms of synchrony, sensing capabilities, environment, etc.) under which basic problems can be solved. A recent ...
1,108,101,566,072
arxiv
\section{Introduction} It is well known that the canonical quantization of general relativity yields the Wheeler-DeWitt equation $\cite{dew,har}$. This equation leads to static state of the universe as well as the problem of time $\cite{kuch,ish,ash,and,mer,marletto,barbour}$. To overcome this problem a solutio...
1,108,101,566,073
arxiv
\section{Introduction}\ \\ Woodward's time-frequency correlation function or radar ambiguity function \cite{ieee.Wo,ieee.Wi,ieee.AT}, as defined by $$ A(u)(x,y)=\int_{-\infty}^{+\infty}u\left(t+\frac{x}{2}\right)\overline{u\left(t-\frac{x}{2}\right)} e^{-2i\pi yt}\mbox{d}t $$ plays a central role in evaluating the abi...
1,108,101,566,074
arxiv
\section{\label{sec:introduction} Introduction} For the long time LaMnO$_3$ was regarded as a prototypical example of parent (or undoped) manganites, where the strong Jahn-Teller distortion was believed to coexist with the (layered) A-type antiferromagnetic (AFM) state.\cite{WollanKoehler,Goodenough,Kanamori,Matsumo...
1,108,101,566,075
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Tensorized Chebyshev interpolation underlies various algorithms for computational problems in high dimensions. The Chebyshev interpolation of function $f$ is the more beneficial, the higher the cost of evaluating $f$ itself is. The cost of evaluating $f$ directly scales with the computational cos...
1,108,101,566,076
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{introduction} Gauge theories on noncommutative space are relevant to the quantization of D-branes in background $B_{\mu\nu}$ fields\cite{Ala98JHEP02003,Mic98JHEP02008,She99PLB119,Mal9908134,Sei9908142}. The effect of noncommutativity is given in the momentum space vertices as the from o...
1,108,101,566,077
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Vast available spectrum resources have made millimeter-wave (mm-wave) communications a key technology for the development of 5G wireless systems \cite{ref47}. Experimental measurements show that mm-wave communication links can provide multi-gigabit rates with low latency \cite{ref48}. However, mm...
1,108,101,566,078
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Our world has become vastly dependent on information technology. Millions of devices communicate every second in cyberspace. We are now connected to one another to a degree that seemed inconceivable just 20 years ago, but with so many connections, we are confronted with just as much, if not mor...
1,108,101,566,079
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Distributed computing by mobile computing entities has attracted much attention in the past two decades and many distributed system models have been considered, for example, the {\em autonomous mobile robot system}~\cite{SY99} modeled after cheap hardware robots with very weak capabilities,...
1,108,101,566,080
arxiv
\section{Introduction} An $n$-fold category is a higher and wider categorical structure obtained by $n$ applications of the internal category construction. In this paper we study the homotopy theory of $n$-fold categories. Our main result is Theorem \ref{maintheoremsummary}. Namely, we have constructed a cofibrant...
1,108,101,566,081
arxiv
\section{#1}} \newcommand{\subsect}[1]{\subsection{#1}} \newcommand{\subsubsect}[1]{\subsubsection{#1}} \renewcommand{\theequation}{\thesection.\arabic{equation}} \renewcommand{\thefootnote}{\fnsymbol{footnote}} \def\footnote{\footnote} \footskip 1.0cm \def\sxn#1{\bigskip\medskip \sect{#1} \smallskip ...
1,108,101,566,082
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The exploration of the Higgs sector is a primary focus of the LHC physics program, with measurements of the Higgs couplings to fermions and gauge bosons, the Higgs mass, and Higgs CP properties becoming ever more precise. Very little is known, however, about the Higgs tri-linear and quartic se...
1,108,101,566,083
arxiv
\section{Introduction} During a visit to a medical care provider, a physician typically records important information about patient presentation, diagnosis, and treatment via free-form text. These notes contain rich clinical data not found in structured electronic medical records. For example, many rare diseases are n...
1,108,101,566,084
arxiv
\section{Introduction} An important aspect in physical and information sciences is the acquisition of optimal knowledge about some quantities of interest, through the acts of measurement on the information carriers or probes. Quantum parameter estimation and quantum metrology study, in particular, the ultimate attainab...
1,108,101,566,085
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Atmospheric showers are initiated when primary cosmic rays hit the Earth's atmosphere. Secondary mesons produced in this collision, mostly pions and kaons, decay and give rise to electron and muon neutrino and anti-neutrinos fluxes \cite{review}. There has been a long-standing anomaly between t...
1,108,101,566,086
arxiv
\section{Introduction}\label{sec:intro} Satellite image analysis is a crucial task for gathering information world-wide in the era of multinational cooperation. Since most, if not all, satellites have little computational resources satellite image analysis is typically done on the ground where powerful computing statio...
1,108,101,566,087
arxiv
\section{Introduction} In classical physics, identical particles are seen as mutually distinguishable; that is, any permutation bringing about an interchange of particles in two different one-particle states is recognized to lead to a new, physically distinct state. Many times, we speak about Boltzmannian particles o...
1,108,101,566,088
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The topological 4-genus $g_4(K)$ of a knot $K$ is the minimal genus of a topological, locally flat surface embedded in the 4-ball with boundary~$K$. A well-known theorem due to Freedman asserts that knots with trivial Alexander polynomial bound a locally flat disc in the 4-ball~\cite{F}. Unlike ...
1,108,101,566,089
arxiv
\section{Introduction}\label{sec:introduction} Depth estimation from images has a long history in computer vision. Fruitful approaches have relied on structure from motion, shape-from-X, binocular, and multi-view stereo. However, most of these techniques rely on the assumption that multiple observations of ...
1,108,101,566,090
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Decentralized finance (DeFi) protocols are often described as either utopian systems of aligned incentives or dystopian systems that incentivize hacks and exploits. These incentives, however, are thus far sparsely studied formally, especially around the governance of DeFi applications, which de...
1,108,101,566,091
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Off-policy Deep Reinforcement Learning (RL) algorithms aim to improve sample efficiency by reusing past experience. Recently a number of new off-policy Deep RL algorithms have been proposed for control tasks with continuous state and action spaces, including Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient ...
1,108,101,566,092
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The interaction between atoms and electromagnetic fields has been studied for more than a century, and has provided many important insights. For an atom at rest, the spectral profile of a single transition is a Lorentzian function. When the atom is so strongly coupled to an electromagnetic mode t...
1,108,101,566,093
arxiv
\section*{Abstract} {\bf Gauge theories possess nonlocal features that, in the presence of boundaries, inevitably lead to subtleties. We employ geometric methods rooted in the functional geometry of the phase space of Yang-Mills theories to: (\textit{1}) characterize a basis for quasilocal degrees of freedom (dof)...
1,108,101,566,094
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Ferroelectric (FE) materials are of great fundamental and applied interests. They are currently used in many technologies such as electric capacitors, piezoelectric sensors and transducers, pyroelectric detectors, non-volatile memory devices, or energy converters~\cite{Lines:1977, Scott:1989, Sco...
1,108,101,566,095
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro} In graph theory, a network refers to a collection of vertices linked together via edges. It provides a powerful tool for modeling real-world entities as well as their complex interactions \cite{Newman:2010,EasleyKleinberg:2010}. Many problems can be investigated from this viewp...
1,108,101,566,096
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Image object detection and segmentation can be defined as a procedure to localize a region of interest (ROI) in an image and separate an image foreground from its background using image processing and/or machine learning approaches. Cell detection and segmentation are the primary and critical ste...
1,108,101,566,097
arxiv
\section{Introduction} As the first reaction of the proton-proton ($pp$) chain, $pp$ fusion is the predominant process in conversion of hydrogen to helium in light stars like the Sun. Its rate is an essential ingredient in understanding stellar nucleosynthesis. However, the reaction cross section is difficult to measu...
1,108,101,566,098
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{s:introduction} A variety of general and domain-specific knowledge graphs have been proposed to represent (scholarly) knowledge in a structured manner~\cite{spacecraftknowledgegraph,Zhao2018Architecture}. General purpose knowledge graphs include DBpedia\footnote{\url{https://www.dbpedia.or...
1,108,101,566,099
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The generic Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM) contains a plethora of new sources of flavour violation, which reside in the supersymmetry--breaking sector. Especially the additional flavour violation in the squark sector can be dangerously large because the squark-quark-gluino vertex...
1,108,101,566,100
arxiv
\section{ \label{sec:introd} Introduction} Polarized lepton-nucleon deep inelastic scattering (DIS) has been studied in the last decades by several experiments which have measured spin asymmetries over a wide kinematic range~\cite{Ash89,Sti96}. These experiments have determined the spin structure functions of the pro...
1,108,101,566,101
arxiv
\section{Introduction} In the last years there has been vast progress in understanding four--dimensional F-theory compactifications on elliptically fibered Calabi-Yau fourfolds. These compactifications can admit non-Abelian gauge groups which arise from stacks of 7-branes. Geometrically this corresponds to a degen...
1,108,101,566,102
arxiv
\section*{Summary} Observations of infrared and optical light curves of hot Jupiters have demonstrated that the peak brightness is generally offset eastward from the substellar point [1,2]. This observation is consistent with hydrodynamic numerical simulations that produce fast, eastward directed winds which adve...
1,108,101,566,103
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Powerful active galactic nuclei (hereafter, AGNs) can drive fast outflows which affect the properties and kinematics of the ambient gas in the nuclear and circumnuclear regions of their host galaxies. By heating the gas, or/and expelling it from the central regions, they may affect the star forma...
1,108,101,566,104
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \subsection{Unit resolution} A unit clause is a logical clause with only one literal, like $(a)$ or $(\overline b)$. Unit resolution (also called unit propagation) consists to repeatedly fix the variables occurring into unit clauses in such a way to satisfy these clauses. For example, if th...
1,108,101,566,105
arxiv
\section{INTRODUCTION} There is a strong interest in applying robotics not only in the typical, well structured environments they normally operate in, but also in less structured, real world situations. While there has been a lot of progress in the fields of computer vision, path planning and robotic grasping, combini...
1,108,101,566,106
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{intro} We consider approximating the solution of the following distributed control problem. Let $\Omega\subset \mathbb{R}^{d} $ $ (d\geq 2)$ be a Lipschitz polyhedral domain with boundary $\Gamma = \partial \Omega$. The goal is to minimize \begin{align} J(u)=\frac{1}{2}\| y- y_{d}\|^2_{...
1,108,101,566,107
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Let the base field $K$ be an algebraically closed field of characteristic $p=2$ and let $q=2^e \ge 4$. We consider smooth plane curves given by \begin{equation} \label{d-Galois} Z\prod_{\alpha \in \mathbb F_{q}}(X+\alpha Y+\alpha^2 Z)+\lambda Y^{q+1}=0, \tag{*} \end{equation} and \be...
1,108,101,566,108
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Answer set programming (ASP) is a declarative programming paradigm, which has its roots in logic programming and nonmonotonic reasoning. It is widely used for knowledge representation and problem solving~\longversion{\cite{brewka2011answer,eiter2009answer,gebser2012answer}}\shortversion{\cite{bre...
1,108,101,566,109
arxiv
\section{Keywords}: normal modes, collective behavior, evolution \maketitle \section{Introduction} Normal modes occur in every part of the universe and at all scales from nuclear physics to cosmology. They have been used to model the behavior of a variety of physical systems including atmospheres\cite{NM1}, seismi...
1,108,101,566,110
arxiv
\section{Introduction} In recent decades plenty of remarkable results has been achieved in the observational cosmology including precise measurements of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) radiation \cite{CMB}, systematic observations of nearby and distant Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) \cite{supernova}, study of baryon...
1,108,101,566,111
arxiv
\section{\label{Introduction}Introduction} Liquid crystals represent an interesting opportunity to study a unique interplay between topology, anisotropy, and elasticity in materials. The entropy driven local ordering of rod-like molecules accounts for anisotropic optical and transport properties even in homogeneous ne...
1,108,101,566,112
arxiv
\section{Introduction}\label{sec:intro} \IEEEPARstart{S}{teganography} is the art and science of concealing information within a carrier object. This terminology encompasses a wide range of techniques and applications, including but not limited to covert communications~\cite{2005_1511007}, ownership identification~\cit...
1,108,101,566,113
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Singular value decomposition (SVD) is routinely performed to process data organized in the form of matrices, thanks to its optimality for low-rank approximation, and relationship with principal component analysis; and perturbation analysis of SVD plays a central role in studying the performance o...
1,108,101,566,114
arxiv
\section{Introduction} We say that $\pi=\pi_{1}\pi_{2}\cdots\pi_{n}$ is a \textit{permutation} of \textit{length} $n$ (or an $n$-\textit{permutation}) if it is a sequence of $n$ distinct letters---not necessarily from 1 to $n$---in $\mathbb{P}$, the set of positive integers. For example, $\pi=47381$ is a permutation o...