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1,314,259,994,963
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The Dirichlet eta function is defined by the following Dirichlet series, which converges for any complex number having real part greater than $0$ \begin{equation}\label{eq:dirichlet} \eta(s) = \sum_{n=1}^{\infty} \frac{(-1)^{n-1}}{n^s} = \frac{1}{1^s} - \frac{1}{2^s} + \frac{1}{3^s} - \frac{1}{4...
1,314,259,994,964
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro} There are various instruments in the world, among which the human voice is the most amazing and prevalent. From the objective point of view, different vocal fold conditions or shapes produce different vocal production qualities, also known as phonation modes. According to Joh...
1,314,259,994,965
arxiv
\section{Introduction} In a geometric theorem, basically we are given a set of hypotheses which we have either to prove or disprove. Depending on these hypotheses, we figure out the whole geometric system. A list of fundamental postulates and previously proven theorems, are known. They are used to infer the related ge...
1,314,259,994,966
arxiv
\section{Introduction} One way in which candidate quantum theories of gravity can differ from one another is the spectrum of bosons they predict at very low energies. Such fields, if they exist and are sufficiently light, can mediate long-range forces that can observably compete with gravity. Scalar-tensor theories o...
1,314,259,994,967
arxiv
\section{Introduction}\label{sec.intro} Coupled dynamical systems on graphs represent many diverse models throughout the natural sciences and technology. Examples range from regulatory and neuronal networks in biology \cite{LaiCho01,BenHan97, MZ12, Swi80}, to Josephson junctions and coupled lasers in physics \cite{LiEr...
1,314,259,994,968
arxiv
\section{Introduction} After the discovery of accelerated expansion of the Universe \cite{Riess,Perlmutter}, one of the attempts to explain this mysterious phenomenon is an introduction of a scalar field which is a dynamical field rolling down on a potential. The model is called a quintessence model \cite{Caldwell}....
1,314,259,994,969
arxiv
\section{Introduction} This article concerns the phase retrieval problem as follows: let $\mathbf{z}\in\mathcal{C}^n$ be an unknown vector, given $m$ known sensing vectors $\{\mathbf{a}_i\}_{i=1}^m\in\mathcal{C}^n$ and the observations \begin{equation}\label{eq:problem} y_i=|\mathbf{a}_i^*\mathbf{z}|, i=1,2,\cdots,...
1,314,259,994,970
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro} The goal of speech representation learning is to find a transform from speech that makes high-level information more accessible to SLP (Speech and Language Processing) downstream tasks, as speech signal possess a rich set of acoustic and linguistic content, including phonemes,...
1,314,259,994,971
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Recent advances in the scattering amplitude-based approach to the Post-Minkowskian expansion of classical general relativity ~\cite{Damour:2016gwp,Damour:2017zjx,Damour:2019lcq,Bjerrum-Bohr:2018xdl,Cheung:2018wkq,Kosower:2018adc,Bern:2019nnu,Antonelli:2019ytb,Cristofoli:2019neg,Kalin:2019rwq,Bj...
1,314,259,994,972
arxiv
\section{Introduction}\label{intro} Neutron scattering science is increasing its instrumental power and consequently improved performance are requested to the detection systems. In particular the upcoming neutron facility ESS will need a first suite of instruments fully operational already in 2019~\cite{esstdr}. The pe...
1,314,259,994,973
arxiv
\section{Acknowledgments} We thank the Center of Computational Innovations at RPI for maintaining the equipment used in this research, including the AiMOS supercomputer supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. 1828083. This research was also supported by the Exascale Computing Project (17-SC-20-S...
1,314,259,994,974
arxiv
\section{\label{Section1}Introduction} Neutron stars are good testing grounds for predictions of theories beyond the standard model, since they are compact enough to provide conditions necessary for exotic physics to occur \cite{Lattimer2012485,Ozel2016401,Vidana2018,Lavallaz2010}. Furthermore, they are a staple in ...
1,314,259,994,975
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Metals occur naturally in the earth's crust, and their contents in the environment influence the ecologies in many habitats~\cite{morais2012heavy}. Among various metals, heavy atoms and their ions with high atomic weights and large densities are found to be toxic to the human body even when prese...
1,314,259,994,976
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Photons remain a promising vehicle for the development of next-generation quantum technology~\cite{Obrien:2009un, Latmiral:2016dp}. Integrated quantum photonics, with its intrinsic phase stability and miniature devices, is necessary to bring linear optics to the large scale \cite{Politi2008, Met...
1,314,259,994,977
arxiv
\section{Introduction} There is ample evidence that supports the existence of dark matter (DM) and dark energy (DE) in the universe \cite{Seljak}. Due to its charge neutrality and dust-like equation of state (i.e., negligible pressure), dark matter starts to cluster gravitationally very early in the history of the Uni...
1,314,259,994,978
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Synchronisation is an ubiquitous phenomenon observed in many complex systems across spatial and temporal scales~\cite{Arenas:2008ku}, from the firing patterns of neurons and the communication of fireflies, to the flow of traffic~\cite{Petri:2013bz,OKeefe:1971bj,Hafting:2005dp}. One of the most p...
1,314,259,994,979
arxiv
\section{Introduction} We will demonstrate a relationship between a subclass of combinatorial games, such as \textsc{Domineering} and \textsc{Col}, and algebraic structures defined on simplicial complexes. There are two relationships, one via the maximal legal positions and the other through the minimal illegal positio...
1,314,259,994,980
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Transfer matrix ($\mathrm{T}$-matrix) is a classic quantum mechanics approach that is widely used to treat a variety of physical problems~\cite{Sanchez-Soto2012a}. Linearly relating the parameters of the Schr\"{o}dinger waves in the two sides of a potential barrier, the $\mathrm{T}$-matrix conta...
1,314,259,994,981
arxiv
\section*{} \setcounter{page}{2} \newpage \setcounter{page}{1} \section*{Introduction} Let $G$ be a complex algebraic group. A smooth connected projective $G$-variety $X$ is called \textit{wonderful} of rank $r$, if $G$ stabilizes exactly $r$ irreducible divisors in $X$ having the following properties: \begin{itemf...
1,314,259,994,982
arxiv
\section{Introduction} In hierarchical galaxy evolution scenarios it is predicted that the gas flows associated with the galaxy mergers that build massive galaxies will trigger both starbursts and AGN activity \citep{kauffmann00,dimatteo05}. As the mergers proceed, the outflows driven by the AGN eventually become...
1,314,259,994,983
arxiv
\section*{Introduction} Boutet de Monvel's calculus \cite{B} provides a pseudodifferential framework which encompasses the classical differential boundary value problems. In an extension of the concept of Lopatinski and Shapiro, it associates to each operator two symbols: a pseudodifferential principal symbol, whi...
1,314,259,994,984
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:Intro} Recently, the discovery of an unusual supernova (SN), iPTF14hls, was reported by \cite{Arcavi17}. iPTF14hls, at a redshift of $z=0.0344$, was first discovered in $R$ band on September 22, 2014 UT \citep{Arcavi17}. Before its discovery, the position of iPTF14hls was not monitor...
1,314,259,994,985
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:Introduction} Let $M$ be a compact Riemannian manifold. The \textbf{length spectrum} $L(M)$ of $M$ is the set of all lengths of closed geodesics on $M$ counted with multiplicities. Two manifolds $M_1$ and $M_2$ are said to be \textbf{iso-length spectral} if $L(M_1)=L(M_2)$. In \cite...
1,314,259,994,986
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Statistical hypothesis testing appears in areas as diverse as information theory, image processing, signal processing, social sciences or biology. Depending on the field, this problem can be referred to as classification, discrimination, signal detection or model selection. The goal of $M$-ary ...
1,314,259,994,987
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro} Estimating entropy and mutual information in a consistent manner is of importance in a number problems in machine learning. For example, entropy estimators have applications in goodness-of-fit testing \cite{goria05new}, parameter estimation in semi-parametric models \cit...
1,314,259,994,988
arxiv
\section{Introduction} We discuss the numerical solution of minimization and evolution problems related to the $p$-Dirichlet energy \[ E_p[u] = \frac1p \int_\Omega |\nabla u|^p\dv{x}, \] with $1\le p < 2$. The Euler--Lagrange equations give rise to a singular differential operator which requires a careful numer...
1,314,259,994,989
arxiv
\section*{Background \& Summary} \label{sec:introduction} Breast cancer is among the most prevalent cancers and accounts for the largest portion of cancer deaths, with an estimated 2.2 million new cases in 2020~\cite{sung2021global}. Treatment is most successful when breast cancer is at its early stage. Biennial scr...
1,314,259,994,990
arxiv
\section{Introduction}\label{sec:1} Compound option is a standard option with mother standard option being the underlying asset. Compound options have been extensively used in corporate fiance. When the total value of a firm's assets is regarded as the risky underlying asset, the various corporate securities c...
1,314,259,994,991
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The elusive nature of high-temperature superconductivity continues to attract significant attention from the scientific community. At the heart of most of these fascinating materials lies the copper-oxygen building block. To understand the electronic correlations originating from such plaquett...
1,314,259,994,992
arxiv
\section{Background and Related Work}~\label{sec:bg} In contrast to robots used by manufacturers or specialists, service robots are close to people and easy to operate, providing a variety of services, such as housekeeping and entertainment~\cite{robot:service:RAS-2013, robot:service:RAS-2017}. According to ISO s...
1,314,259,994,993
arxiv
\section{Introduction and previous work} In this note, we initiate the study of Steiner tree instances that are stable to multiplicative perturbations to the distances in the underlying metric. Our analysis lies in the Bilu-Linial stability~\cite{BiluL12} setting, which provides a way to study tractable instances of ...
1,314,259,994,994
arxiv
\section{Introduction} First time, David Deutsch \cite{Deutsch-1985} described quantum TM (Turing machine), he said the computational power of a quantum TM and an classical (deterministic) one are the same for functions from $\mbb{Z}$ to $\mbb{Z}$. However, due to inherent properties of quantum TM, this equivalence is ...
1,314,259,994,995
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \IEEEPARstart{N}{atural} scenes contain rich spectral information, so they can be collected as spatial-spectral three dimensional (3D) cubes named hyperspectral images (HSIs), where two dimensions (2D) represent the spatial domain and another dimension represents the spectral domain. Since HSIs h...
1,314,259,994,996
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \input{intro} \section{Stochastic volatility models} \noindent We consider the following class of stochastic volatility models: asume that asset spot price $0 \leq S(t)< \infty$ and variance $0 \leq \sigma(t)< \infty$ follow two stochastic diffusive processes for $t\in[0,T]$, \begin{subequati...
1,314,259,994,997
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Starting with the purpose of understanding the random motion of Brownian particles, diffusive phenomena have been received great attention for a long time in the statistical physics as well as in recent various fields such as human geographical \cite{hm,hm1,hm2,hm3}, hydrological \cite{river,...
1,314,259,994,998
arxiv
\section{Introduction} In the average consensus problem the objective is to enable a group of communicating agents $\mathcal{V}=\{1,\cdots,N\}$ to arrive at the average of their local input $\mathsf{r}^i\in{\mathbb{R}}$, i.e., to obtain $\mathsf{r}^{\text{avg}}=\frac{1}{N}\sum_{j=1}^N\mathsf{r}^j$ using local interacti...
1,314,259,994,999
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The goal of self-supervised learning (SSL) \citep{self-supervised-original} is to learn good representations from unlabeled examples. A good representation is often defined as the one that reflects underlying class structures well. The quality of a representation obtained from SSL is evaluated b...
1,314,259,995,000
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Developing non-perturbative approaches to strongly interacting quantum field theories is undoubtedly an important subject in theoretical physics. Among various approaches attempted over the years, the one which is gaining renewed interest and has been producing numerous breathtaking results in re...
1,314,259,995,001
arxiv
\section{Conclusion} In this paper, we propose a knowledge-enhanced recommendation model in the hyperbolic space (Hyper-Know) for top-K recommendation. Hyper-Know learns the user and item embeddings as well as the knowledge graph representation in the Poincaré ball model to capture the hierarchical structure in the kno...
1,314,259,995,002
arxiv
\section{Introduction} As is well known, many physically interesting problems are modeled by nonlinear differential-difference equations, such as the Toda lattice, Volterra lattice and discrete nonlinear Schr\"odinger equation. Since 1970s discrete systems have received considerable attention from variety of aspects (e...
1,314,259,995,003
arxiv
\section{INTRODUCTION} The symmetry of the superconducting order parameter in the cuprate high-$T_c$ superconductors had been controversial\cite{Levi} before phase-sensitive experiments firmly established the $d_{x^2-y^2}$-wave pairing symmetry in YBa$_2$Cu$_3$O$_7$, using tricrystal ring magnetometry\cite{tricry...
1,314,259,995,004
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Stochastic models are used in macroevolution to obtain phylogenetic trees from the molecular data of extant species. In these models, it is common to assume that in the distant past there was a common ancestor from which the extant species evolved forward in time, according to a prior random proc...
1,314,259,995,005
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Since the first discovery of $\Lambda$-hypernuclei by observing cosmic-rays in emulsion chambers~\cite{Danysz53}, hypernuclei, which are nuclei with one or more of the nucleons replaced with hyperons, have been used as a natural laboratory to study hyperon-nucleon and hyperon-hyperon inter...
1,314,259,995,006
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{Section_Introduction} Casimir forces result from, and provide insight into, the behavior of a medium confined to a restricted space, canonically the region between two plane, parallel surfaces. In the case of the electromagnetic Casimir force, the medium is the vacuum, and the underlying ...
1,314,259,995,007
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Deep learning methods have achieved tremendous success in computer vision applications, e.g., image classification~\cite{szegedy2015going,simonyan2014very,he2016deep,dosovitskiy2020image}, object detection~\cite{girshick2015fast,ren2015faster}, semantic segmentation~\cite{long2015fully,ronneberge...
1,314,259,995,008
arxiv
\section{Introduction}\label{sec:intro} New measurement technologies like single cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq)~\cite{Klein20151187,Macosko20151202} and scATAC-seq~\cite{Buenrostro2015} are revolutionizing the biological sciences. It is now possible to capture high-dimensional measurements of cell states for large po...
1,314,259,995,009
arxiv
\section{Exciting chiral dynamics in bound states} A hallmark of helical motion of bound electrons is the appearance of an induced dipole orthogonal to the polarization plane of the exciting circular light. We first show that an ultrashort pulse creates such a dipole in a randomly oriented molecular ensemble. Let...
1,314,259,995,010
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Following the first weak lensing measurements \citep{BRE00,Wittman00,KWL00,Waerbeke00} , the field of weak lensing has witnessed a tremendous progress in all fronts (see \citet{MuPhysRep08} for a review). Currently, in terms of cosmological observations, weak lensing plays a role complementary to...
1,314,259,995,011
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The main feature of $\lambda$ Boo stars is a notable underabundance of most Fe-peak elements and near solar abundances of lighter elements (C, N, O and S). They comprise main-sequence late-B to early-F stars, where a maximum of about 2\% of all objects are believed to be $\lambda$ Boo stars \cit...
1,314,259,995,012
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The phenomenon of Bose-Einstein (BE) condensation is, probably, one of the most striking manifestation of collective quantum effects \cite{Isihara,Huang}. Due to its great importance the phase transition (PT) of BE condensation in the ideal gas is discussed in all textbooks on statistical ...
1,314,259,995,013
arxiv
\section{Introduction} For studies of the hadronic final state in high-energy collisions, versatile programs for the calculation of QCD corrections are required. The extraction of scale-dependent physical quantities such as the running strong coupling constant $\alpha_s\left(Q^2\right)$ and parton densities $f_i\left...
1,314,259,995,014
arxiv
\section{Introduction} This work is concerned with Gaussian approximations to a Poisson noise model for linear inverse problems. The Poisson model is popular for modeling count data, where the response variable follows a Poisson distribution with a parameter that is the exponential of a linear combination of the ...
1,314,259,995,015
arxiv
\section{Introduction} People express their thoughts more conveniently on social media than during in-person (often analytical) sessions with experts. As per the National Institute of Mental Health report of 2020 \footnote{https://www.nami.org/mhstats}, 52.9 million adults in the USA suffer from mental illness. "The He...
1,314,259,995,016
arxiv
\section{Introduction}\label{sec1} In some communication applications like military communications, it is required not only that the adversary should not decode the message, but also that it should not detect the presence of communication. Such scenarios are called covert communications. The fundamental limits of cov...
1,314,259,995,017
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The classical Kloosterman sum is given by \[\begin{aligned} S\rb{m, n; q} = \sum\limits_{\substack{x, y \in \mathbb{Z}/q\mathbb{Z} \\ xy \equiv 1\pmod{q}}} \operatorname{e}\rb{\frac{mx + ny}{q}}, \end{aligned}\] where $\operatorname{e}\rb{x} = e^{2\pi i x}$. Kloosterman sums naturally appear in ...
1,314,259,995,018
arxiv
\section{Introduction} In a recent analysis of the pair creation of magnetically charged black holes by a magnetic field in Einstein--Maxwell theory, it was shown that the creation rate is enhanced by a factor of $\exp(\S_{\scriptscriptstyle BH})$, where $\S_{\scriptscriptstyle BH}$ is the black hole entropy, relative ...
1,314,259,995,019
arxiv
\section{Introduction: Quantum Gravitational String Phenomenology} The recent flurry of activity, largely triggered by \cite{delaFuente:2014aca,Rudelius:2015xta,Montero:2015ofa}, in constraining phenomenological string model building using Quantum Gravity swampland criteria \cite{Vafa:2005ui,Ooguri:2006in,ArkaniHamed...
1,314,259,995,020
arxiv
\section{\label{sec: intro} Introduction} A central question in the underdoped cuprate superconductors is the origin of the pseudogap phase. This phase was originally thought to to be a precursor phase to superconductivity with spin-singlet pairs, no phase coherence, and no broken symmetries \cite{eme95,lee06}. Howe...
1,314,259,995,021
arxiv
\section{Notation and definitions} \label{sec:notation} We denote the set of probability distributions on $\{1,\dotsc,n\}$ by \[ \mathcal{P} := \left\{ p = (p_1,\dotsc,p_n)\in\mathbb{R}^n : p_i \geq 0 \text{ for }i=1,\dotsc,n,\, \sum_{i=1}^n p_i = 1 \right\}. \] The set of probability vectors with strictly positive en...
1,314,259,995,022
arxiv
\section{Introduction}\label{sec:1} Singularly perturbed problems have been widely studied in the fields of fluid mechanics, aerodynamics, convection-diffusion process, etc. In such problems, there exist boundary layers or interior layers because a small parameter is included in the coefficient of the highest der...
1,314,259,995,023
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Grammar induction is a fundamental and long-lasting \cite{lari1990estimation,clark2001unsupervised,klein2002generative} problem in computational linguistics, which aims to find hierarchical syntactic structures from plain sentences. Unlike supervised methods \cite{charniak2000maximum,collins2003...
1,314,259,995,024
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Analyzing correlations among cricket teams of different era has been a topic of interest for sports experts and journalists for decades. In this paper we study such influence (or interaction) by constructing cross-correlation matrix $C$ \cite{plerou,fin,fin1,fin2,fin3,quantrans} formed by runs sc...
1,314,259,995,025
arxiv
\section*{Abstract} R2BEAT ("R 'to' Bethel Extended Allocation for Two-stage sampling") is an R package for the allocation of a sample. Besides other software and packages dealing with the allocation problems, its peculiarity lies in facing properly allocation problems for complex sampling designs with multi-domain and...
1,314,259,995,026
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro} The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) represents a unique opportunity to probe the detailed structure of the Standard Model at the TeV scale. Collisions at the LHC are dominated by Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD), and in particular, jets, whose radiation encodes the details of the under...
1,314,259,995,027
arxiv
\section{Introduction} During the past several decades, yield stress fluids found an increasing number of practical applications for several major industries (which include cosmetics, foods, oil field etc.) and they are encountered in the daily life in various forms such as hair gels, food pastes, cement, mud and mor...
1,314,259,995,028
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Today, humans regularly interact with intelligent technology thorough devices like Amazon Alexa, smart thermometers, and smart smoke detectors. With the advent of vacuum cleaner robots, people interact with robots on a daily basis \cite{20}. In addition to household robots, robots have been ...
1,314,259,995,029
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \subsection{Uncertainty principles} \label{sec:introup} The classical Weyl-Heisenberg uncertainty principle states that a continuous-time signal cannot be simultaneously well-localized in both time and frequency. Loosely speaking, this principle says that if most of the energy of a signal $f$ ...
1,314,259,995,030
arxiv
\section*{Key Words} Anomalous, diffusion, lipid bilayers, membranes, urea. \section*{Introduction} Diffusion is a vital process that underpins many cellular functions, including protein organisation \cite{Sheets1997}, signalling \cite{Choquet2003a, Kholodenko2006}, and cell survival \cite{Cheema2011}. In living syste...
1,314,259,995,031
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The CMS detector has a large acceptance and hermetic coverage. The various subdetectors are: a silicon tracker with pixels and strips ($|\eta|<2.4$), electromagnetic ($|\eta|<3$) and hadronic ($|\eta|<5$) calorimeters, muon chambers ($|\eta|<2.4$). The acceptance is further extended with forward...
1,314,259,995,032
arxiv
\section*{Introduction} Co-citation, ``the frequency with which two documents from the earlier literature are cited together in the later literature'', was first described in 1973~\cite{marshakova-shaikevich_system_1973,small_co_citation_1973}. As noted by \cite{small_co_citation_1973}, co-citation patterns differ fr...
1,314,259,995,033
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Skyrmions are topological solitons \cite{Manton:2004} of the texture type, i.e.~they are maps from one-point compactified 3-space, $X=\mathbb{R}^3\cup\{\infty\}\simeq S^3$ to a target space $N=S^3$ with a nonvanishing topological degree $\pi_3(S^3)=\mathbb{Z}\ni B\neq 0$. Usually the map is con...
1,314,259,995,034
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \medskip \medskip It is well known that information on the nucleon internal structure is contained in the electromagnetic structure functions or in the one photon exchange cross section, $\sigma _{1\gamma}$, for the deep inelastic lepton scattering off nucleons. However, a determination of the on...
1,314,259,995,035
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Molecular hydrogen (H$_2$) is the most abundant molecule in the universe and is closely linked to star formation via the star formation surface density rate -- molecular gas surface density relation \citep{Bigiel08}. Measuring rest-frame UV rotational transitions from the Lyman and Werner bands...
1,314,259,995,036
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The Galactic Globular Cluster (GGC) \hbox{$\omega$ Cen~} is a fundamental laboratory to address several long-standing astrophysical problems. It is the most massive GGC ($M=5\times10^6\, M_\odot$, Meylan et al.\ 1995) and the one that most clearly shows a well-defined spread in metallicity. Accor...
1,314,259,995,037
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \IEEEPARstart{M}{ost} of the existing distributed storage network models assume a very simple structure that the network itself is viewed as a collection of "identical" storage nodes and that the transmission cost between any two nodes are identical \cite{NCDSS,DScodeRepairTransfer,ExactMDScodeIA...
1,314,259,995,038
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Randomness extractors~\cite{NZ93, Sha04}, have numerous applications in complexity theory and cryptography. For example, in computational complexity they are used to isolate satisfying assignments of boolean formulas~\cite{VV86} and in constructing pseudorandom generators for space-bounded comput...
1,314,259,995,039
arxiv
\section{Introduction and outline of the method} \label{intro} Let $T>0$ and $\Omega\subset\subset\tilde{\Omega}$ be domains in $\mathbb R^n$ with smooth boundaries. We assume $n\geq 2$. Given any $$ f\in L^2(\mathbb R^{1+n})\quad \text{with} \quad \supp f \subset (0,T)\times (\tilde{\Omega}\setminus\overline{\Omega})...
1,314,259,995,040
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The field of fractional quantum Hall effect~\cite{Tsui82} (FQHE) has been the birthplace for a web of spectacular phenomena, exotic emergent particles, and nontrivial states, all arising as a result of the interaction between electrons. The FQHE is a rare example of a strongly correlated state ...
1,314,259,995,041
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The evidences from neutrino experiments have established the neutrino oscillation phenomenon. The experimental data can be explained by flavor mixings of three (active) neutrinos, and oscillation probabilities are described by three generation mixing angles and two mass squared differences. ...
1,314,259,995,042
arxiv
\section*{Abstract} \small{ This note proposes rapidly convergent computational formulae for evaluating scattering kernels from radiative transfer theory. The approach used here does not rely on Legendre expansions, but rather uses exponentially convergent numerical integration rules. A closed form for the \textsc{Heny...
1,314,259,995,043
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{se1} It is usually very fruitful to explore the connection between classical and quantum mechanics but this connection is almost always done by going from classical mechanics toward quantum mechanics. Here, we go the other way round and exhibit the classical analogue of the transition bet...
1,314,259,995,044
arxiv
\section{Introduction} A Handheld robot shares properties of a handheld tool while being enhanced with autonomous motion as well as the ability to process task-relevant information and user signals. Earlier work in this field explored the communication between user and robot to improve cooperation \cite{GreggSmith:...
1,314,259,995,045
arxiv
\part{Introduction} This is a user guide on how to use the first version of our developed {\sc Maple} library (named {\tt Singularity}) for local bifurcation analysis of real zeros of scalar smooth maps; see \cite{GazorKazemi} for the main ideas. We remark that the term {\it singularity theory} has been used in many d...
1,314,259,995,046
arxiv
\section*{Appendix}\setcounter{subsection}{0} \setcounter{equation}{0} \renewcommand{\thesubsection}{\Alph{subsection}.} \renewcommand{\theequation}{\thesubsection\arabic{equation}}} \newcommand{\begin{equation}}{\begin{equation}} \newcommand{\end{equation}}{\end{equation}} \newcommand{\begin{array}}{\begin{array}} \n...
1,314,259,995,047
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \label{sec:intro} The ability for robots to perform complex tasks is inherently linked to the richness of their environment models. Advances in sensor technology, machine perception, and natural language understanding provide a wealth of data that can be infused into these models. These innovat...
1,314,259,995,048
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Data can be broadly categorized into two categories i.e. Structured Data and Unstructured Data. Structured data can be defined as text which consists of certain patterns and is highly organized. Since structured data has a defined outline and framework, machines can search and navigate through it...
1,314,259,995,049
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The operator homology\let\thefootnote\relax\footnotetext{2010 \e{Mathematics Subject Classification:} Primary 46L07 46H25 46M10, Secondary 46M18 43A15.} of the Fourier algebra $A(G)$ of a locally compact group $G$ has been a topic of interest in abstract harmonic analysis since Ruan's seminal wo...
1,314,259,995,050
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Nowadays, personal computers and laptops are often equip\-ped with multicore architectures, as well as with more and more powerful graphic cards. The latter ones can be easily programmable for a general purpose computing usage (Nvidia Cuda, Ati Stream, OpenCL). Graphic processors offer nowadays...
1,314,259,995,051
arxiv
\section*{Introduction} Let $X$ be a complex algebraic variety. We call \emph{real form} of $X$ a real algebraic variety $W$ together with an isomorphism $X \simeq W_{\mathbb{C}}:=W \times_{\mathrm{Spec}(\mathbb{R})} \mathrm{Spec}(\mathbb{C})$ of complex algebraic varieties. (Note that for some authors, the definition...
1,314,259,995,052
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Many time series observed in practice display nonstationary behavior, especially if data is collected over long time spans. Nonstationarity can affect the trend, the variance--covariance structure or, more comprehensively, aspects of the underlying distribution. Since estimates and forecas...
1,314,259,995,053
arxiv
\section{Introduction} In the Minkowski background, the classical stability of a vacuum of a scalar field is guaranteed if its mass squared (ie the curvature of the potential) is positive. However, this does not imply the quantum stability of the vacuum. It may be metastable depending on the global shape of the poten...
1,314,259,995,054
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Although convolutional neural networks (ConvNets) have been successfully applied to solve non-trivial image processing problems since the 1990s~\cite{lecun1989backpropagation,lecun2012efficient}, their adoption as a de facto standard for image classification~\cite{russakovsky2015imagenet} and seg...
1,314,259,995,055
arxiv
\section{\textsc{Compress++}\xspace} \label{sec:compresspp} To offset any excess error due to \textsc{Compress}\xspace while maintaining its near-linear runtime, we next introduce \textsc{Compress++}\xspace (\cref{alg:compresspp}), a simple two-stage meta-procedure for faster root-thinning. \textsc{Compress++}\xspace...
1,314,259,995,056
arxiv
\section{Introduction} \subsection{Monotone systems} We will be interested in Markov processes, both in discrete and continuous time, that take values in the space $\{0,1\}^{{\mathbb Z}^d}$ of configurations $x=(x(i))_{i\in{\mathbb Z}^d}$ of zeros and ones on the $d$-dimensional integer lattice ${\mathbb Z}^d$. By de...
1,314,259,995,057
arxiv
\section{\@startsection {section}{1}{\z@} {-30pt \@plus -1ex \@minus -.2ex} {2.3ex \@plus.2ex} {\normalfont\normalsize\bfseries\boldmath}} \renewcommand\subsection{\@startsection{subsection}{2}{\z@} {-3.25ex\@plus -1ex \@minus -.2ex} {1.5ex \@plus .2ex} {\normalfont\normalsize\bfseries\boldmath}} \renewcommand{\@secc...
1,314,259,995,058
arxiv
\section{Abstract Layers for Verifiable Networks} Program verification often involves both the addition of erasable annotations \cite{Sascha:08} and program transformations to make the resulting (semantically equivalent program) more suitable for verification \cite{fastver}. That is, unlike standard transformations wh...
1,314,259,995,059
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The aim of relativistic heavy-ion collision experiments is to detect and understand the properties of the bulk QCD matter created in these collisions. Past experiments have shown that the ability to perform measurements differentially with respect to the identity of the final state hadrons is ...
1,314,259,995,060
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Electronic structure and topology in materials dictate their classification. For example, a system with (without) a Fermi surface is a metal (an insulator). The systems with the Fermi surface have gapless low-lying excitations, that are usually not stable against perturbations, leading to vari...
1,314,259,995,061
arxiv
\section{Introduction} Optimally relaying the signal from a source to a destination for enhancing the network coverage and improving the throughput rate is an active research area~\cite{Kariminezhad2017}. Furthermore, relaying is the only communication means in disaster scenarios if the direct source-destination lin...
1,314,259,995,062
arxiv
\section{Introduction} The analysis of the available high quality cosmological data (supernovae type Ia, CMB, galaxy clustering, etc.) have converged during the last decade towards a cosmic expansion history that involves a spatial flat geometry and a recent accelerating expansion of the universe (Spergel et al. 2007...