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The study assesses the extent to which gun assaults are clustered in space and time using crime data from Houston, Texas. The analysis examines patterns of gun assaults at the city-level as well as more localized levels in order to understand the spatial distribution of near-repeats within the city. Consistent with pri... |
Factors released during osteoclastic bone resorption enhance disseminated breast cancer cell progression by stimulating invasiveness, growth, and a bone-resorptive phenotype in cancer cells. Postmenopausal bone loss may accelerate progression of breast cancer growth in bone, explaining the anticancer benefit of the bon... |
A description of EDeN, a new Engineering Design Environment, is presented. EDeN software provides a hardware-independent, user-friendly interface and data management system that serves as the framework for the integration of DA tools and effective use of the hardware environment. EDeN-specific tools include schematics ... |
The standards of health and health care for a sample of 1265 Christchurch children during the period birth to three years were examined. There was a systematic tendency for levels of health care and morbidity to vary with the child's birth placement: in general adopted children had the best standard of health care and ... |
In this paper, we determine the maximally stable, rotationally invariant domains on the catenoids $\cC_a$ (minimal surfaces invariant by rotations) in the Heisenberg group with a left-invariant metric. We show that these catenoids have Morse index at least 3 and we bound the index from above in terms of the parameter $... |
We provide the first rigorous analytical results for the connectivity of dynamic random geometric graphs - a model for mobile wireless networks in which vertices move in random directions in the unit torus. The model presented here follows the one described. We provide precise asymptotic results for the expected length... |
The objective of this study was to compare the efficacy of oral ketoconazole and terbinafine for reducing population sizes of Malassezia yeasts on canine skin. Twenty-one Basset Hounds were randomised in three groups of seven according to Malassezia populations. Dogs in the first group were treated by oral administrati... |
Wavelengths and converters are shared by communication requests in optical networks. When a message goes through a node without a converter, the outgoing wavelength must be the same as the incoming one. This constraint can be removed if the node uses a converter. Hence, the usage of converters increases the utilization... |
The Converters Usage Problem (CUP) is to use a minimum number of converter so that each node can send messages to all the others (broadcasting). In this dissertation, we study the CUP in sparse conversion networks. |
We design a linear algorithm to find a wavelength assignment in tree networks such that, with the usage of a minimum number of available converters, every node can send messages to all the others. This is a generalization of [34], where each node has a converter. Our algorithm can assign wavelengths efficiently and eff... |
A converter wavelength-dominates a node if there is a uniform wavelength path between them. The Minimal Wavelength Dominating Set Problem (MWDSP) is to locate a minimum number of converters so that all the other nodes in the network are wavelength-dominated. We use a linear complexity dynamic programming algorithm to s... |
This article analyzes two recent works by transgender performance artist Cassils, PISSED and Fountain (2017), which were created in response to the Trump administration's decision to rescind federal protections allowing transgender students to use the restroom of their choice. While Cassils primarily conceptualized PIS... |
Decimal multiplication is an integral part of financial, commercial, and internet-based computations. The basic building block of a decimal multiplier is a single digit multiplier. It accepts two Binary Coded Decimal (BCD) inputs and gives a product in the range [0, 81] represented by two BCD digits. A novel design for... |
Introduction: The present study aimed to investigate the change of air pollutants in 2020 in Qom compared to the same period in 2019 in five scenarios. |
Materials and Methods: The hourly air quality data was obtained from air quality monitoring stations of Qom Environmental Protection Organization (EPO). The meteorological parameters were obtained from Iranian Meteorological Organization website. The data were analyzed using Excel, SPSS, and WRPLOT view. |
Results: In the first month of the COVID-19 crisis, NO2, SO2, and CO decreased by 26.4, 39, and 0.2 µg/m3 compared to same period in 2019, respectively; however, PM2.5 and O3 increased by 7.1 and 2.3 µg/m3, respectively. In Iranian Nowruz holidays, an increase of 2.9 µg/m3 in O3 mean concentration and a decrease of 8.1... |
Conclusion: Gaseous pollutants decreased during the crisis, but particulate pollutants increased slightly compared to the same period in 2019. The lockdown may have had the most impact in decreasing pollutants. A slight increase in wind speed from the west could be a factor in increasing particles. This crisis provided... |
Since their introduction, Power System Stabilizers have become widely accepted as an efficient supplementary excitation controller for extending the power transfer capability limits of the system by adding damping to the low-frequency electromechanical modes of oscillation to improve the overall system stability. The p... |
The major goal of psychobiological research is to understand the neural and genetic mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of psychiatric disorders. In recent years, developmental, neurobiological and molecular biological approaches have been used to investigate substrates of behavior in animals. Examples of innate or... |
This compendium brings together two companion papers on inclusive development. The first paper uses the global literature to formulate a conceptualisation of inclusive development and inclusive growth, and to put the conceptualisation through its paces by applying it to the specific case of donor assistance to rural in... |
A receiver structure for unknown time-varying, frequency-flat, Rayleigh fading channels is proposed. Unlike the maximum likelihood receiver structure, this receiver structure does not need any knowledge of the channel autocovariance or the received signal-to-noise ratio, and yet it achieves performance close to the opt... |
Gastrointestinal and cardiac manifestations are the commonly considered features of digoxin toxicity. This report describes a patient with severe chronic obstructive lung disease whose primary manifestation of digoxin toxicity is acute alteration of mental status. Neurologic dysfunction may be the sole manifestation of... |
In this article, we exploit the problem of annotating a large-scale image corpus by label propagation over noisily tagged web images. To annotate the images more accurately, we propose a novel kNN-sparse graph-based semi-supervised learning approach for harnessing the labeled and unlabeled data simultaneously. The spar... |
This paper presents a novel design of printed doubled‐sided dipole antenna for WiFi application in 2.4 and 5.2 GHz ISM bands. The printed dipole antenna consists of one dipole arranged back to back on both sides of a dielectric substrate and is suitable for integration with monolithic microwave integrated circuit (MMIC... |
Spindle Ia afferents may be differentially involved in voluntary isometric contraction, depending on the pattern of synaptic connections in spindle reflex pathways. We investigated how isometric contraction of masseter muscles is regulated through the activity of their muscle spindles that contain the largest number of... |
Digital holographic on-chip microscopy achieves large space-bandwidth-products (e.g., >1 billion) by making use of pixel super-resolution techniques. To synthesize a digital holographic color image, one can take three sets of holograms representing the red (R), green (G) and blue (B) parts of the spectrum and digitally... |
Abstract The Middle Permian tetrapod fauna of the South African Beaufort Group is taxonomically diverse and includes representatives of all major therapsid groups, including the earliest records of Eutheriodontia. In the Middle Permian, eutheriodonts are represented mainly by large therocephalians, which made up a larg... |
The assembly of the chloroplast thylakoid membrane requires the import of numerous proteins from the cytosol and their targeting into or across the thylakoid membrane. It is now clear that multiple pathways are involved in the thylakoid‐targeting stages, depending on the type of protein substrate. Two very different pa... |
The aim of this study was to investigate the play behaviour of 877 children aged four to six in 47 classes of different sizes in the Netherlands. Video recordings were captured during choice (free play) time once in each class. The video recordings were analysed by trained bachelor students in education with the help o... |
Single index models are frequently used in econometrics and biometrics. Logit and Probit models arc special cases with fixed link functions. In this paper we consider a bootstrap specification test that detects nonparametric deviations of the link function. The bootstrap is used with the aim to rind a more accurate dis... |
one of the first accredited medical schools in India, integrating both modern and traditional medicine. Adjacent to the school is a 700-bed hospital, serving approximately 10 million people from the neighbouring towns and villages. A range of inpatient and outpatient ser vices, including a “combined therapy program” (C... |
We propose and experimentally investigate the use of an ultra‐wideband photonics‐assisted RF amplifier for Gbps communications and mm‐waves applications, including 5G cellular networks. A 2 Gsymb/s broadband signal with different modulation formats has been used for evaluating the all‐optical RF amplifier, as a functio... |
Medical guidelines have a significant role in the field of evidence-based medical treatment. The content of a medical guideline is based on a systematic review of clinical evidence with instructions and recommendations that clinicians can refer to. Most of the guidelines are available in an unstructured text format. He... |
Angiogenesis is essential for tumor progression and metastasis, however, the angiogenesis regulators that are biologically relevant for human melanoma are still unknown. In this study, we analyzed the expression of the potent angiogenic factor angiogenin (ANG) in human melanoma in vitro and in vivo. Four different huma... |
Investing passively in traditional fixed income exposes investors to low expected returns, has little scope for capital appreciation, comes with significant interest rate risk, forsakes opportunities in unlocking an illiquidity premium, as well as excludes niches in credit investing. Durable Income, unlike fixed income... |
We study the dynamics of self-organized systems when disturbed by shocks. For this purpose, we consider extensions of the "Bar Attendance Model" [1] (BAM), which provides a stylized setting for the analysis of the emergence of coordination in the behavior of a large collection of agents. We represent the learning proce... |
Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations have been carried out on the crystallization of single-chain polyethylene (PE) which was adsorbed on a graphite (001) surface on one side and exposed to vacuum on the other at different temperatures. The MD simulation data have been analyzed to provide information about the crystalli... |
BACKGROUND |
Drug development in cancer is costly and may be directed toward 'profitable' cancers of the more developed regions (MDR) as compared with those of the less developed regions (LDR) of the world. Here, we describe drug development in relation to cancer type and geographic location. |
MATERIALS AND METHODS |
We reviewed phase II and III clinical trials evaluating new cancer drugs, which were registered from January to June 2008. Correlations were sought between the number of clinical trials and incidence, mortality and prevalence of the cancers studied (obtained from GLOBOCAN 2002) and stratified by region of the world. |
RESULTS |
We identified 399 newly registered trials. Most trials (N = 229, 57%) were sponsored by industry. The most common types of cancer studied were breast 73 (18%), lung 57 (14%), prostate 44 (11%) and colorectal 28 (7%). In MDR, incidence, mortality and prevalence correlated significantly (Pearson r = 0.80, 0.73 and 0.63; ... |
CONCLUSION |
Lethal cancers that are common in the LDR (e.g. stomach, liver and esophageal cancers) deserve greater emphasis for drug development.[Controversies regarding an algorithm and the type of surgical treatment in popliteal aneurysms]. |
Having outlined their 20-year experience in the treatment of popliteal aneurysms (PA), the authors discuss the type of therapeutic approach used. From the authors' point of view an overly aggressive approach to PA is unnecessary, and the decision to adopt a given therapy must instead be weighed up on the basis of the c... |
Online spectrum auctions will play a pivotal role in restructuring the existing spectrum allocation system given growing spectrum demand from users with diverse requirements. The research in this field mainly concentrates on designing truthful mechanisms in a static or partially dynamic setting. This setting, however, ... |
This article challenges the conventional wisdom about the property-rights jurisprudence of the Supreme Court in the period 1870-1900. It asserts that the Court was animated to protect the rights of property owners as a means of upholding individual liberty against governmental overreaching. The justices saw private pro... |
Let G be a finite group of order N and assume that G acts on a Cohen-Macaulay local ring A as automorphisms of rings. Let N be a unit in A. For a given G-stable ideal I in A we denote by R(I) = ⊕n≥0In and = G(I) = ⊕n≥0In/In+1 the Rees algebra and the associated graded ring of I, respectively. Then G naturally acts on R... |
In this paper, we propose a method for similar geo-region mining focusing on the seasonality. We define "seasonal-geo-region" as a geographically and temporally continuous area where many travelers share common targets of interest. In order to extract such targets of interest, we consider that observing people's intere... |
Objectives: To provide an overview of the findings regarding the underlying pathogenesis of FMSS and to compare these findings with the results of recent treatment studies to determine whether there is concordance between what “should work” and “what does” in this illness. Findings: A number of different experimental m... |
The wound healing process involves the reparative phases of inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling. Interrupting any of these phases may result in chronically unhealed wounds, amputation, or even patient death. Quantitative assessment of wound tissue ischemia, perfusion, and inflammation provides critical informat... |
OBJECTIVE |
To evaluate the effects of Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxin B (SEB) on proinflammatory cytokine/chemokine releases in primary human nasal epithelial cell (HNEC). |
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