designs.csv — Field Definitions
design_id – Unique identifier for each synthetic aircraft design.
animals – Comma-separated list of bio-inspired animals influencing this design.
traits – Comma-separated list of functional traits derived from the animals (e.g., burst power, glide efficiency).
animal_count – Number of distinct animals contributing traits to this design.
trait_count – Number of distinct traits applied to this design.
empty_mass_kg – Airframe + systems mass without payload (kilograms).
payload_mass_kg – Assigned payload mass for the DARPA mission scenario (kilograms).
rotor_count – Total number of rotors / lift fans in the design.
max_twr – Maximum thrust-to-weight ratio achievable by the propulsion system.
burst_power_factor – Multiplier indicating short-duration burst power relative to nominal power (1.0 = none).
burst_duration_s – Approximate duration for which burst power can be sustained (seconds).
unsteady_lift_gain – Dimensionless factor representing additional lift from unsteady / vortex aerodynamics (bee-like hover).
energy_system_type – Categorical label for the primary energy system (e.g.,
li_ion,li_s,solid_state,fuel_cell_li_ion_hybrid).energy_system_description – Text description of the energy system and maturity.
energy_density_class – Qualitative class for energy density (e.g.,
medium_high,very_high,extreme).power_class – Qualitative class for available power output (e.g.,
high,medium).tech_maturity_class – Qualitative indicator of technology readiness (e.g.,
high,medium_low).energy_system_extra_failure_risk – Additional failure-risk contribution from the chosen energy system (dimensionless probability term).
battery_mass_kg – Mass of the main battery pack (kilograms).
battery_spec_energy_Wh_per_kg – Sampled specific energy of the battery chemistry (watt-hours per kilogram).
battery_energy_Wh – Total usable battery energy (watt-hours).
supercap_mass_kg – Mass of high-power supercapacitors (kilograms).
supercap_energy_Wh – Usable energy stored in supercapacitors (watt-hours).
structural_material – Primary structural material choice (e.g.,
carbon_composite,aluminum_lithium,titanium_alloy).structural_material_class – Qualitative category for weight vs stiffness (e.g.,
light_stiff,heavy_robust).structural_extra_failure_risk – Added structural failure-risk term from the material choice.
rotor_blade_material – Material used for rotor blades (e.g., carbon composite, glass composite, aluminum).
landing_gear_material – Material used for landing gear (e.g., titanium, steel, composite).
frame_stiffness_longitudinal – Relative stiffness index of the longitudinal frame (higher = stiffer, lower = more compliant).
tendon_cable_fraction – Fraction of structural load carried by tendon / cable analogs (0–1).
gust_rejection_gain – Control-system gain describing how aggressively the aircraft rejects wind gust disturbances.
landing_gear_mass_kg – Mass allocated to landing gear (kilograms).
max_touchdown_velocity_mps – Maximum tolerated vertical touchdown speed before structural risk increases (meters per second).
cruise_speed_mps – Nominal cruise speed used in mission planning (meters per second).
climb_rate_mps – Nominal vertical climb rate to reach cruise altitude (meters per second).
mode_count – Number of distinct control / flight “modes” or gaits available (e.g., hover, heavy-load cruise, light-load return).
mtow_kg – Maximum takeoff weight: empty mass + payload mass (kilograms).
payload_to_aircraft_ratio – Ratio of payload mass to empty aircraft mass.
rule_empty_mass_ok – Boolean flag indicating whether empty mass satisfies the DARPA maximum empty-mass constraint.
rule_payload_ok – Boolean flag indicating whether payload meets or exceeds the DARPA minimum payload constraint.
design_qualifying –
Trueif both mass and payload rules are satisfied; otherwiseFalse.design_qualifying_score – Qualifying score used in the dataset, equal to
payload_to_aircraft_ratiofor qualifying designs and0.0otherwise.design_summary – Human-readable paragraph summarizing the design, its inspirations, and performance profile.
propulsion_architecture – High-level propulsion architecture label (e.g.,
pure_rotor_electric,rotor_plus_pusher,rotor_plus_small_jet,ducted_fans_hybrid).primary_propulsor_type – Primary thrust mechanism type (e.g.,
multirotor,ducted_fan_array).secondary_propulsor_type – Secondary propulsion type if present (e.g.,
pusher_propeller,small_jet, ornone).secondary_propulsor_fraction – Fraction of thrust / power budget attributed to the secondary propulsor (0–1).
propulsion_hover_power_factor – Multiplier applied to hover power due to propulsion architecture.
propulsion_cruise_power_factor – Multiplier applied to cruise power due to propulsion architecture.
propulsion_arch_extra_failure_risk – Added failure-risk term specific to the propulsion architecture choice.
image_prompt – Text prompt describing the design for use with image generation models (optional; not required for analysis).
missions.csv — Field Definitions
One row per simulated mission scenario.
design_id – ID linking to the aircraft configuration used in this mission.
mission_id – Unique identifier for this mission instance.
wind_speed_kts – Ambient wind speed sampled for the mission (knots).
turbulence_index – Dimensionless turbulence severity factor (0.0–1.0), with higher values representing more aggressive gusts.
success – Boolean indicator:
Trueif the aircraft completed the mission within constraints; otherwiseFalse.failure_phase – Name of the flight phase where the mission failed (e.g.,
climb,cruise,landing), ornonefor successful missions.failure_reason – Text description of the reason for mission termination
(e.g.,"energy_depleted","time_exceeded","random_failure","payload_loss").rule_violation – DARPA rule that was violated if termination occurred (empty if none).
total_time_s – Actual mission duration from takeoff to termination (seconds).
time_takeoff_climb_s – Time spent climbing to cruise altitude (seconds).
time_loaded_cruise_s – Time in cruise while carrying payload (seconds).
time_empty_cruise_s – Return/cruise time after payload release (seconds), when applicable.
time_descent_landing_s – Time spent in controlled descent and landing approach (seconds).
energy_used_Wh – Total energy consumed over the mission (watt-hours).
battery_energy_remaining_Wh – Remaining battery energy at mission termination (watt-hours).
payload_to_aircraft_ratio – Design-level payload efficiency (repeated from design file for convenience).
is_qualifying_run –
Trueif all mission rules were satisfied.qualifying_score – Mission-level score for qualifying runs;
0.0if not qualifying (calculated as payload-to-aircraft efficiency adjusted for mission success).
missions_timeseries.csv — Field Definitions
Time-indexed telemetry data sampled throughout each mission.
One row represents one timestep for a given design and mission.
design_id – Aircraft configuration identifier.
mission_id – Mission instance identifier (links to
missions.csv).t_s – Elapsed simulation time since takeoff (seconds).
phase – Current flight phase label at this timestep:
takeoff_climbloaded_cruiseempty_cruisedescent_landingterminated(if triggered by rule or random failure)
altitude_m – Instantaneous altitude above ground (meters).
distance_m – Total horizontal distance traveled since takeoff (meters).
speed_mps – Airspeed (meters per second).
mass_kg – Current total mass of the aircraft (kg), including payload when attached.
power_W – Instantaneous electrical/mechanical power draw (watts).
energy_used_Wh_cum – Cumulative energy consumed up to this timestep (watt-hours).
battery_remaining_Wh – Estimated remaining usable battery energy (watt-hours).
payload_attached – Indicates whether payload is still attached (1 = yes, 0 = deployed/removed).
wind_speed_kts – Sampled wind speed affecting that timestep (knots).
turbulence_index – Stochastic disturbance intensity (0.0–1.0), influencing control and gust corrections.