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# The Ethical and Social Responsibilities of Entrepreneurs ## Corporate Social Responsibility and Social Entrepreneurship ### Learning Objectives By the end of this section, you will be able to: 1. Define and describe corporate social responsibility (CSR) and social entrepreneurship 2. Identify types of social entr...
# The Ethical and Social Responsibilities of Entrepreneurs ## Developing a Workplace Culture of Ethical Excellence and Accountability ### Learning Objectives By the end of this section, you will be able to: 1. Describe workplace challenges in an entrepreneurial culture 2. Distinguish between reactive and proactive ...
# Creativity, Innovation, and Invention ## Introduction We enter the world as curious beings. However, as we grow up, we are told to color inside the lines and that real animals can’t talk—direction that can squelch creativity. Many successful entrepreneurs work to unlearn some of those messages in order to tap into ...
# Creativity, Innovation, and Invention ## Tools for Creativity and Innovation ### Learning Objectives By the end of this section, you will be able to: 1. Describe popular, well-supported, creative problem-solving methods 2. Understand which innovation or problem-solving methods apply best in different settings 3. ...
# Creativity, Innovation, and Invention ## Creativity, Innovation, and Invention: How They Differ ### Learning Objectives By the end of this section, you will be able to: 1. Distinguish between creativity, innovation, and invention 2. Explain the difference between pioneering and incremental innovation, and which p...
# Creativity, Innovation, and Invention ## Developing Ideas, Innovations, and Inventions ### Learning Objectives By the end of this section, you will be able to: 1. Describe and apply the five stages of creativity 2. Discuss innovation as a system for problem solving and much more 3. Outline the sequence of steps i...
# Identifying Entrepreneurial Opportunity ## Introduction Like many college students, Chris Johnson ate a lot of ramen noodles, and like many college students, cooking meant microwaving something in his dorm room. At the time, ramen noodle companies did not print microwave instructions on the package, and there was a...
# Identifying Entrepreneurial Opportunity ## Entrepreneurial Opportunity ### Learning Objectives By the end of this section, you will be able to: 1. Define entrepreneurial opportunity 2. Discuss Joseph Schumpeter’s theories of opportunity 3. Identify key drivers of opportunity Aspiring entrepreneurs can come up wit...
# Identifying Entrepreneurial Opportunity ## Researching Potential Business Opportunities ### Learning Objectives By the end of this section, you will be able to: 1. Describe opportunity screening 2. Identify common sources of research data 3. Explain how to research and verify business opportunities 4. Identify in...
# Identifying Entrepreneurial Opportunity ## Competitive Analysis ### Learning Objectives By the end of this section, you will be able to: 1. Understand the elements of a competitive analysis 2. Describe tools you can use to refine and focus your planning (three circles, SWOT, PEST) 3. Recognize social media’s role...
# Problem Solving and Need Recognition Techniques ## Introduction Portions of the material in this section are based on original work by Geoffrey Graybeal and produced with support from the Rebus Community. The original is freely available under the terms of the CC BY 4.0 license at https://press.rebus.community/medi...
# Problem Solving and Need Recognition Techniques ## Problem Solving to Find Entrepreneurial Solutions Portions of the material in this section are based on original work by Geoffrey Graybeal and produced with support from the Rebus Community. The original is freely available under the terms of the CC BY 4.0 license ...
# Problem Solving and Need Recognition Techniques ## Creative Problem-Solving Process Portions of the material in this section are based on original work by Geoffrey Graybeal and produced with support from the Rebus Community. The original is freely available under the terms of the CC BY 4.0 license at https://press....
# Problem Solving and Need Recognition Techniques ## Design Thinking Portions of the material in this section are based on original work by Geoffrey Graybeal and produced with support from the Rebus Community. The original is freely available under the terms of the CC BY 4.0 license at https://press.rebus.community/m...
# Problem Solving and Need Recognition Techniques ## Lean Processes Portions of the material in this section are based on original work by Geoffrey Graybeal and produced with support from the Rebus Community. The original is freely available under the terms of the CC BY 4.0 license at https://press.rebus.community/me...
# Telling Your Entrepreneurial Story and Pitching the Idea ## Introduction Sara Minkara, a Muslim American of Lebanese decent, lost her eyesight at age seven because of a genetic disorder. She grew up experiencing ethnic discrimination and mistreatment because of her disability. As a college student in the United Sta...
# Telling Your Entrepreneurial Story and Pitching the Idea ## Clarifying Your Vision, Mission, and Goals Portions of the material in this section are based on original work by Mark Poepsel and produced with support from the Rebus Community. The original is freely available under the terms of the CC BY 4.0 license at ...
# Telling Your Entrepreneurial Story and Pitching the Idea ## Sharing Your Entrepreneurial Story Portions of the material in this section are based on original work by Mark Poepsel and produced with support from the Rebus Community. The original is freely available under the terms of the CC BY 4.0 license at https://...
# Telling Your Entrepreneurial Story and Pitching the Idea ## Developing Pitches for Various Audiences and Goals Portions of the material in this section are based on original work by Mark Poepsel and produced with support from the Rebus Community. The original is freely available under the terms of the CC BY 4.0 lic...
# Telling Your Entrepreneurial Story and Pitching the Idea ## Protecting Your Idea and Polishing the Pitch through Feedback Portions of the material in this section are based on original work by Mark Poepsel and produced with support from the Rebus Community. The original is freely available under the terms of the CC...
# Telling Your Entrepreneurial Story and Pitching the Idea ## Reality Check: Contests and Competitions Portions of the material in this section are based on original work by Mark Poepsel and produced with support from the Rebus Community. The original is freely available under the terms of the CC BY 4.0 license at ht...
# Entrepreneurial Marketing and Sales ## Introduction Birchbox founders Katia Beauchamp and Hayley Barna loved shopping for beauty products but found the experience expensive and frustrating. So many brands making so many claims—how could anyone find the best beauty buys without wasting money on products they might n...
# Entrepreneurial Marketing and Sales ## Entrepreneurial Marketing and the Marketing Mix ### Learning Objectives By the end of this section, you will be able to: 1. Distinguish between traditional marketing and entrepreneurial marketing 2. Describe the seven elements of the marketing mix Being a successful entrepre...
# Entrepreneurial Marketing and Sales ## Market Research, Market Opportunity Recognition, and Target Market ### Learning Objectives By the end of this section, you will be able to: 1. Distinguish between primary and secondary market research 2. Define a research goal and the importance of research design 3. Underst...
# Entrepreneurial Marketing and Sales ## Marketing Techniques and Tools for Entrepreneurs ### Learning Objectives By the end of this section, you will be able to: 1. Describe effective entrepreneurial marketing techniques (guerilla, relationship, expeditionary, real-time, viral, digital, word-of-mouth) 2. Discuss t...
# Entrepreneurial Marketing and Sales ## Entrepreneurial Branding ### Learning Objectives By the end of this section, you will be able to: 1. Understand the importance of customer-focused branding 2. Explain the steps in defining and developing a brand 3. Describe the benefits of brand advocacy In a business contex...
# Entrepreneurial Marketing and Sales ## Marketing Strategy and the Marketing Plan ### Learning Objectives By the end of this section, you will be able to: 1. Distinguish between a marketing strategy, a marketing plan, and a pitch 2. Describe the elements of a marketing plan Now that you have a better idea of what ...
# Entrepreneurial Marketing and Sales ## Sales and Customer Service ### Learning Objectives By the end of this section, you will be able to: 1. Explain the importance of sales strategy and provide an example 2. Explain the importance of customer service A sales strategy is a plan that the entrepreneur uses to ident...
# Entrepreneurial Finance and Accounting ## Introduction In 2015, Doug Monahan, the CEO and founder of iBackPack of Texas, Inc., introduced a revolutionary technology package encased in a typical backpack. The iBackPack boasted the capacity to incorporate WiFi/MiFi, a battery system, smart power transfer cables, and ...
# Entrepreneurial Finance and Accounting ## Overview of Entrepreneurial Finance and Accounting Strategies ### Learning Objectives By the end of this section, you will be able to: 1. Distinguish between financing and accounting 2. Describe common financing strategies for different stages of the company lifecycle: pe...
# Entrepreneurial Finance and Accounting ## Special Funding Strategies ### Learning Objectives By the end of this section, you will be able to: 1. Identify funding strategies used by charitable organizations 2. Describe financing opportunities available to startups 3. Define bootstrapping 4. Describe the advantages...
# Entrepreneurial Finance and Accounting ## Accounting Basics for Entrepreneurs ### Learning Objectives By the end of this section, you will be able to: 1. Explain the accounting equation and define its parts (assets, liabilities, and equity) 2. Define revenue, expenses, and income Although financing and accounting...
# Entrepreneurial Finance and Accounting ## Developing Startup Financial Statements and Projections ### Learning Objectives By the end of this section, you will be able to: 1. Understand the three primary financial statements: balance sheet, income statement, and statement of cash flows 2. Understand how financial ...
# Launch for Growth to Success ## Introduction Dropbox, a company founded in 2007 by Drew Houston and Arash Ferdowsi, has revolutionized the way consumers and businesses store and share electronic files. The idea came one day when Houston—on a commuter train—realized he left his thumb drive at home. This was not the ...
# Launch for Growth to Success ## Launching the Imperfect Business: Lean Startup ### Learning Objectives By the end of this section, you will be able to: 1. Describe how businesses use lean startup principles to develop products and test markets 2. Identify how the build-measure-learn method helps companies underst...
# Launch for Growth to Success ## Why Early Failure Can Lead to Success Later ### Learning Objectives By the end of this section, students will be able to: 1. Determine several reasons for business failure and explore strategies to overcome them 2. Understand the root of fear of failure 3. Learn to spot signs of fe...
# Launch for Growth to Success ## The Challenging Truth about Business Ownership ### Learning Objectives By the end of this section, you will be able to: 1. Explain the pros and cons of business ownership before you launch 2. Understand current trends in entrepreneurship in the US 3. Determine the challenges women ...
# Launch for Growth to Success ## Managing, Following, and Adjusting the Initial Plan ### Learning Objectives By the end of this section, you will be able to: 1. Explain the difference between a business plan and a lean plan 2. Know how to develop a lean plan quickly and accurately 3. Run the build-measure-learn lo...
# Launch for Growth to Success ## Growth: Signs, Pains, and Cautions ### Learning Objectives By the end of this section, you will be able to: 1. Determine the lifecycle of a business 2. Identify strategies to manage the main needs of each lifecycle stage 3. Explain how businesses grow and adapt to changes in their ...
# Business Model and Plan ## Introduction Michael Kirban and Ira Liran had no experience in their industry when they launched their business. After a chance encounter with Brazilian women in a bar who mentioned how much they missed having coconut water, Kirban and Liran decided to launch Vita Coco. The Vita Coco foun...
# Business Model and Plan ## Avoiding the “Field of Dreams” Approach ### Learning Objectives By the end of this section, you will be able to: 1. Understand the importance of planning 2. Understand the concepts of product and service innovation, and define and understand key business models 3. Describe and be able t...
# Business Model and Plan ## Designing the Business Model Portions of the material in this section are based on original work by Geoffrey Graybeal and produced with support from the Rebus Community. The original is freely available under the terms of the CC BY 4.0 license at https://press.rebus.community/media-innova...
# Business Model and Plan ## Conducting a Feasibility Analysis ### Learning Objectives By the end of this section, you will be able to: 1. Describe the purpose of a feasibility analysis 2. Describe and develop the parts of a feasibility analysis 3. Understand how to apply feasibility outcomes to a new venture As th...
# Business Model and Plan ## The Business Plan ### Learning Objectives By the end of this section, you will be able to: 1. Describe the different purposes of a business plan 2. Describe and develop the components of a brief business plan 3. Describe and develop the components of a full business plan Unlike the brie...
# Building Networks and Foundations ## Introduction US Route 1 in southern Florida connects 43 islands of the Florida Keys via 42 bridges. It is a bidirectional economic path from the US mainland to its endpoint at Key West and for all points in between. Without the bridges it provides, residents, workers, and touris...
# Building Networks and Foundations ## Building and Connecting to Networks ### Learning Objectives By the end of this section, you will be able to: 1. Define networking and describe its role in entrepreneurship 2. Describe networking opportunities 3. Describe local and trade organization networking opportunities 4....
# Building Networks and Foundations ## Building the Entrepreneurial Dream Team ### Learning Objectives By the end of this section, you will be able to: 1. Understand key resource needs for entrepreneurial ventures: accountant, attorney, banker/financial institution, insurance agent, and industry expert 2. Understan...
# Building Networks and Foundations ## Designing a Startup Operational Plan ### Learning Objectives By the end of this section, you will be able to: 1. Identify the major areas of operations management (money, methods, machines, people, and leadership) 2. Develop a checklist of operational needs From the start, eve...
# Business Structure Options: Legal, Tax, and Risk Issues ## Introduction Entrepreneurial businesses are the heart of the US economy. Small businesses—those with fewer than 500 workers—employ almost one-half of the US workforce (47 percent according to the US Census Bureau’s Annual Survey of Entrepreneurs)US Census B...
# Business Structure Options: Legal, Tax, and Risk Issues ## Business Structures: Overview of Legal and Tax Considerations ### Learning Objectives By the end of this section, you will be able to: 1. Understand why a business’s purpose is an important role in the initial business structure decision 2. Identify major...
# Business Structure Options: Legal, Tax, and Risk Issues ## Corporations ### Learning Objectives By the end of this section, you will be able to: 1. Distinguish between C Corporations, S Corporations, and B Corporations 2. Distinguish between privately and publicly held corporations 3. Explain how corporations are...
# Business Structure Options: Legal, Tax, and Risk Issues ## Partnerships and Joint Ventures ### Learning Objectives By the end of this section, you will be able to: 1. Describe the ownership structure of a partnership 2. Describe the ownership structure of a joint venture 3. Summarize the advantages and disadvanta...
# Business Structure Options: Legal, Tax, and Risk Issues ## Limited Liability Companies ### Learning Objectives By the end of this section, you will be able to: 1. Describe the ownership structure of a limited liability company 2. Explain how limited liability companies are taxed 3. Summarize the advantages and di...
# Business Structure Options: Legal, Tax, and Risk Issues ## Sole Proprietorships ### Learning Objectives By the end of this section, you will be able to: 1. Describe the ownership structure of a sole proprietorship 2. Explain the advantages and disadvantages of operating as a sole proprietor A sole proprietorship ...
# Business Structure Options: Legal, Tax, and Risk Issues ## Additional Considerations: Capital Acquisition, Business Domicile, and Technology ### Learning Objectives By the end of this section, you will be able to: 1. Describe the capital acquisition opportunities available to different types of business structure...
# Business Structure Options: Legal, Tax, and Risk Issues ## Mitigating and Managing Risks ### Learning Objectives By the end of this section, you will be able to: 1. Explain Enterprise Risk Management and how a company uses it 2. Describe litigation and financial risks 3. Describe common insurance needs Risk manag...
# Fundamentals of Resource Planning ## Introduction New Story, a forward-thinking social enterprise, set out to solve a global issue that affects more than one billion peopleJoseph Chamie. “As Cities Grow, So Do the Numbers of Homeless.” worldwide: homelessness and lack of adequate shelter. The organization has impr...
# Fundamentals of Resource Planning ## Types of Resources ### Learning Objectives By the end of this section, you will be able to: 1. Distinguish between tangible and intangible resources 2. Determine the venture’s tangible and intangible resource needs and how to attain them 3. Describe the various funding resourc...
# Fundamentals of Resource Planning ## Using the PEST Framework to Assess Resource Needs ### Learning Objectives By the end of this section, you will be able to: 1. Describe the components of the PEST framework (political, economic, sociocultural, and technological factors) 2. Apply the PEST framework to assessing ...
# Fundamentals of Resource Planning ## Managing Resources over the Venture Life Cycle ### Learning Objectives By the end of this section, you will be able to: 1. Explain how resource dependence theory helps a venture grow 2. Understand typical resource needs through the life cycle 3. Describe the basic steps in sec...
# Next Steps ## Introduction “How can you know what you’re capable of if you don’t embrace the unknown?”—Esmeralda Santiago In 2010, two graduate students participated in a project to assist post-earthquake relief efforts for Haitians. These two students focused on the need for light. For most people, we turn on a li...
# Next Steps ## Launching Your Venture ### Learning Objectives By the end of this section, you will be able to: 1. Explain the importance of creating and discussing the vision statement 2. Determine the documents necessary for managing risks 3. Describe company culture and the purpose of a code of conduct 4. Summar...
# Next Steps ## Making Difficult Business Decisions in Response to Challenges ### Learning Objectives By the end of this section, you will be able to: 1. Recognize that cognitive biases can sabotage the success of the venture 2. Identify key problem indicators 3. Distinguish the emotional components involved in dif...
# Next Steps ## Seeking Help or Support ### Learning Objectives By the end of this section, you will be able to: 1. Identify sources for assistance 2. Explain the benefits provided through seeking assistance 3. Compare tools to assist in deciding what advice to follow You’ve learned about some of the challenges in ...
# Next Steps ## Now What? Serving as a Mentor, Consultant, or Champion ### Learning Objectives By the end of this section, you will be able to: 1. Evaluate potential next steps after exiting the venture 2. Explain the roles of mentors, consultants, and champions Depending on your experience as a first-time entrepre...
# Next Steps ## Reflections: Documenting the Journey ### Learning Objectives By the end of this section, you will be able to: 1. Examine the value of journaling and reflection 2. Experiment with reflection as a daily habit Consider the journey of learning about entrepreneurship and of becoming an entrepreneur. What...
# The Things We Carry: Experience, Culture, and Language ## Unit Introduction Unit 1 is about you—who you are and what you bring to the writing classroom. In his short story “The Things They Carried” (1990), American author and Vietnam War (1954–1975) veteran Tim O’Brien (b. 1946) suggests that the identities of sold...
# Bridging the Divide Between Personal Identity and Academia ## Unit Introduction Unit 2 is about academia, a term for the world of education. The challenge in this part of your journey is learning to showcase your identity and your viewpoint within an exploration of traditional writing genres. You will learn that ac...
# Navigating Rhetoric in Real Life ## Unit Introduction Unit 3 is about the real world—the world outside the walls of your college or university. There is a common misconception among students that the writing they do in the classroom is not related to the real world. The works of the Trailblazers in this text have a...
# An Introduction to Sociology ## Introduction A busy commuter train station might seem like a very individualized place. Tens of thousands or hundreds of thousands of strangers flow through with a singular purpose: to get where they need to go. Whether walking through main doors at a pace of a dozen people each seco...
# An Introduction to Sociology ## What Is Sociology? ### What Are Society and Culture? Sociology is the scientific and systematic study of groups and group interactions, societies and social interactions, from small and personal groups to very large groups. A group of people who live in a defined geographic area, w...
# An Introduction to Sociology ## The History of Sociology For millennia, people have been fascinated by the relationships between individuals and societies. Many topics studied by ancient philosophers in their desire to describe an ideal society are still studied in modern sociology, including theories of social con...
# An Introduction to Sociology ## Theoretical Perspectives in Sociology Sociologists study social events, interactions, and patterns, and they develop theories to explain why things work as they do. In sociology, a theory is a way to explain different aspects of social interactions and to create a testable propositio...
# An Introduction to Sociology ## Why Study Sociology? When Elizabeth Eckford tried to enter Central High School in Little Rock, Arkansas, in September 1957, she was met by an angry crowd and was turned away by authorities. But she knew she had the law on her side. Three years earlier in the landmark Brown vs. the Bo...
# Sociological Research ## Introduction As sociology made its way into American universities, scholars developed it into a science that relies on research to build a body of knowledge. Sociologists began collecting data (observations and documentation) and applying the scientific method or an interpretative framework...
# Sociological Research ## Approaches to Sociological Research When sociologists apply the sociological perspective and begin to ask questions, no topic is off limits. Every aspect of human behavior is a source of possible investigation. Sociologists question the world that humans have created and live in. They notic...
# Sociological Research ## Research Methods Sociologists examine the social world, see a problem or interesting pattern, and set out to study it. They use research methods to design a study. Planning the research design is a key step in any sociological study. Sociologists generally choose from widely used methods of...
# Sociological Research ## Ethical Concerns Sociologists conduct studies to shed light on human behaviors. Knowledge is a powerful tool that can be used to achieve positive change. As a result, conducting a sociological study comes with a tremendous amount of responsibility. Like all researchers, sociologists must co...
# Culture ## Introduction If you passed someone in a hallway, joined a video conference, or even called into a radio show, it’s likely you and the other people involved would exchange some version of the following question : “How are you?” One of you may ask the other. You may exchange a greeting and the question or...
# Culture ## What Is Culture? Humans are social creatures. According to Smithsonian Institution research, humans have been forming groups for almost 3 million years in order to survive. Living together, people formed common habits and behaviors, from specific methods of childrearing to preferred techniques for obtain...
# Culture ## Elements of Culture ### Values and Beliefs The first, and perhaps most crucial, elements of culture we will discuss are values and beliefs. Value does not mean monetary worth in sociology, but rather ideals, or principles and standards members of a culture hold in high regard. Most cultures in any soci...
# Culture ## High, Low, Pop, Sub, Counter-culture and Cultural Change It may seem obvious that there are a multitude of cultural differences between societies in the world. After all, we can easily see that people vary from one society to the next. It’s natural to think that a young woman from a village in rural Keny...
# Culture ## Theoretical Perspectives on Culture Music, fashion, technology, and values—all are products of culture. But what do they mean? How do sociologists perceive and interpret culture based on these material and nonmaterial items? Let’s finish our analysis of culture by reviewing them in the context of three t...
# Society and Social Interaction ## Introduction It was a school day, and Inayah woke up at 5:15 a.m, checked her phone, and began a few chores. Her aunt had gone to work, but had left a pile of vegetables for be cut for dinner. After taking care of that, Inayah gathered and organized the laundry, then woke up her yo...
# Society and Social Interaction ## Types of Societies In sociological terms, society refers to a group of people who live in a definable community and share the same cultural components. On a broader scale, society consists of the people and institutions around us, our shared beliefs, and our cultural ideas. Typical...
# Society and Social Interaction ## Theoretical Perspectives on Society While many sociologists have contributed to research on society and social interaction, three thinkers form the base of modern-day perspectives. Émile Durkheim, Karl Marx, and Max Weber developed different theoretical approaches to help us unders...
# Society and Social Interaction ## Social Constructions of Reality Until now, we’ve primarily discussed the differences between societies. Rather than discuss their problems and configurations, we’ll now explore how society came to be and how sociologists view social interaction. In 1966 sociologists Peter Berger a...
# Socialization ## Introduction When Noel was fifteen, they saw a flyer about joining the volunteer ambulance corps. Noel was intrigued: They had an interest in pursuing medicine, and liked volunteering, but ambulance work seemed like something for older people with professional training. At the information session, ...
# Socialization ## Theories of Self-Development When we are born, we have a genetic makeup and biological traits. However, who we are as human beings develops through social interaction. Many scholars, both in the fields of psychology and in sociology, have described the process of self-development as a precursor to ...
# Socialization ## Why Socialization Matters Socialization is critical both to individuals and to the societies in which they live. It illustrates how completely intertwined human beings and their social worlds are. First, it is through teaching culture to new members that a society perpetuates itself. If new generat...
# Socialization ## Agents of Socialization Socialization helps people learn to function successfully in their social worlds. How does the process of socialization occur? How do we learn to use the objects of our society’s material culture? How do we come to adopt the beliefs, values, and norms that represent its nonm...
# Socialization ## Socialization Across the Life Course Socialization isn’t a one-time or even a short-term event. We aren’t “stamped” by some socialization machine as we move along a conveyor belt and thereby socialized once and for all. In fact, socialization is a lifelong process. In the United States, socializati...
# Groups and Organization ## Introduction Throughout the history of the United States, individuals have formed groups in order to achieve goals and bring about change. Some groups are loosely defined, while others have highly organized structure and mission. And in some cases, groups can have significant influence on...
# Groups and Organization ## Types of Groups Most of us feel comfortable using the word “group” without giving it much thought. Often, we mean different things when using that word. We might say that a group of kids all saw the dog, and it could mean 250 students in a lecture hall or four siblings playing on a front ...
# Groups and Organization ## Group Size and Structure ### Dyads, Triads, and Large Groups A small group is typically one where the collection of people is small enough that all members of the group know each other and share simultaneous interaction, such as a nuclear family, a dyad, or a triad. Georg Simmel (1858–1...
# Groups and Organization ## Formal Organizations A complaint of modern life is that society is dominated by large and impersonal secondary organizations. From schools to businesses to healthcare to government, these organizations, referred to as formal organizations, are highly bureaucratized. Indeed, all formal org...
# Deviance, Crime, and Social Control ## Introduction After decades of classification as an illegal substance, marijuana is now legal in some form in nearly every state in the country. Most of the others have decriminalized the drug and/or have made it available for medical use. Considering public opinion and the pol...
# Deviance, Crime, and Social Control ## Deviance and Control Wells Fargo CEO John Stumpf was forced to resign after his company enrolled customers in unnecessary auto insurance programs, while also fraudulently creating bank accounts without client consent. Both of these actions are prohibited by a range of laws and...
# Deviance, Crime, and Social Control ## Theoretical Perspectives on Deviance and Crime Why does deviance occur? How does it affect a society? Since the early days of sociology, scholars have developed theories that attempt to explain what deviance and crime mean to society. These theories can be grouped according to...
# Deviance, Crime, and Social Control ## Crime and the Law Although deviance is a violation of social norms, it’s not always punishable, and it’s not necessarily bad. Crime, on the other hand, is a behavior that violates official law and is punishable through formal sanctions. Walking to class backward is a deviant b...