question stringlengths 4 11.7k | answer stringlengths 1 26k | evidence stringlengths 0 37.7k | yes_no bool 2
classes | paper_index int64 0 519 ⌀ | paper_id stringclasses 846
values |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Why is it important to hug your child? | Hugs can help your child grow a healthy brain and body.
Infants, toddlers, and preschoolers need many different types of sensory stimulation for development. Skin contact or physical touch, like hugging and holding, are great ways to help your child grow a healthy brain and a strong body. | false | null | null | |
Identify which animal species is alive or extinct: Vegavis, Continental Tiger | Continental Tiger is alive, Vegavis is extinct. | false | null | null | |
How do they obtain distant supervision rules for predicting relations? | The answers are shown as follows:
* dominant temporal associations can be learned from training data
| Phase 2: In order to predict the relationship between an event and the creation time of its parent document, we assign a DocRelTime random variable to every Timex3 and Event mention. For Events, these values are provided by the training data, for Timex3s we have to compute class labels. Around 42% of Timex3 mentions ar... | false | null | 1606.01433 |
How should I plan my week as a working mom ? | As a working mom you are juggling between your professional commitments, with your personal passion projects, running the house with daily activities like grocery shopping and meal preparation and if you have school going kids you have lessons to teach too. You and your partner are a team and know that he/she should be... | false | null | null | |
In the summary below of episode 158 of the series Black Clover, how did the Spade army lose? | Asta countered the Spade Kingdom's commandor's poison attack with the demon destroyer sword, then cut the attacking citadel in half, defeating the captain in a single blow. | Ralph continues trying to cross the border. The Spade army begins crossing the border in a mechanized citadel called Candelo powered by siphoning magic from Spade commoners. Asta, who has grown even stronger and can now fly astride his demon slayer sword, flies to Candelo where he is enraged to see Spade Knights siphon... | false | null | null |
What is the main contribution of this paper? | It presents a system for detecting signals of cyberbullying on social media. | The goal of the current research was to investigate the automatic detection of cyberbullying-related posts on social media. Given the information overload on the web, manual monitoring for cyberbullying has become unfeasible. Automatic detection of signals of cyberbullying would enhance moderation and allow to respond ... | false | 249 | null |
Where is Jordan Spieth from? | Dallas, Texas | false | null | null | |
How do I create knit stitches? | In patterns a knit stitch is often abbreviated as k. A knit stitch is the first basic stitch to learn. Hold the needle with the cast-on stitches in your left hand and the second empty needle in your right hand. The yarn that is coming from your skein or ball of yarn should be held toward the back of your work and this ... | false | null | null | |
What is functional genomics? | Functional genomics is a field of molecular biology that attempts to describe gene (and protein) functions and interactions. Functional genomics make use of the vast data generated by genomic and transcriptomic projects (such as genome sequencing projects and RNA sequencing). Functional genomics focuses on the dynamic ... | false | null | null | |
Give me the steps to purchase a new pair of shoes. | First, determine the style of shoes you desire. (E.g. sneakers, sandals, tuxedo shoes)
Second, check your shoe size.
Third, browse online or in a store and filter your choices according to your budget, style and availability. Try the shoes on before purchase if possible to ensure a good fit and comfort.
Fourth, selec... | false | null | null | |
What systematic solutions were provided by Yedda across the whole annotation process? | Includes the shortcut annotation, batch annotation with a command line, intelligent recommendation, format exporting and administrator evaluation/analysis. | Natural Language Processing (NLP) systems rely on large-scale training data BIBREF0 for supervised training. However, manual annotation can be time-consuming and expensive. Despite detailed annotation standards and rules, inter-annotator disagreement is inevitable because of human mistakes, language phenomena which are... | false | 390 | null |
Why is Cricket popular in India? | Cricket is the most popular sport in India. The game was introduced by the Britishers when they were ruling India and since then Indians have started taking to the game. Till the early 1980's the game was mostly followed by the educated and the people living in the large cities like Madras, Bombay, Delhi and Calcutta. ... | false | null | null | |
Given this short paragraph about Belize, how many people live there and what is notable about its population density? | Belize has a population of 408,487 people and has the lowest population density in Central America. | Belize, formerly known as British Honduras, is a Caribbean country located on the northeastern coast of Central America. Belize is bordered on the northwest by Mexico, on the east by the Caribbean Sea, and on the south and west by Guatemala. It has an area of 22,970 square kilometres (8,867 sq mi) and a population of 4... | false | null | null |
What tasks are they experimenting with in this paper? | The answers are shown as follows:
* Slot filling
* we consider the actions that a user might perform via apps on their phone
* The corresponding actions are booking a flight, renting a home, buying bus tickets, and making a reservation at a restaurant
| Slot filling models are a useful method for simple natural language understanding tasks, where information can be extracted from a sentence and used to perform some structured action. For example, dates, departure cities and destinations represent slots to fill in a flight booking task. This information is extracted fr... | false | null | 1604.00117 |
Which of the following technology categorized as Infrastructure as code (IAC) or CICD tool? Terraform, AWS Cloud Formation , Github actions, Azure Devops pipeline | Terraform and AWS Cloud Formation is categorized as Infrastructure as code (IAC) and Github actions, Azure Devops pipeline is categorized as CICD tool. | false | null | null | |
Classify each of the following as either a planet, a star, or a galaxy: Mercury, Venus, Polaris, Earth, Sun, Mars, Jupiter, Milky Way, Andromeda, Saturn, Virgo A, Maffei 1, Uranus, Neptune, Sirius, Vega. | Stars: Sun, Polaris, Sirius, Vega
Planets: Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune
Galaxies: Milky Way, Andromeda, Virgo A, Maffei 1 | false | null | null | |
How about human evaluation results on the seq2seq model ? | Overall the average fluency/adequacy (on a scale of 5) for basic seq2seq model was 4.04/3.6 and 4.19/3.9 for their model respectively. | To make a qualitative assessment of the generated sentences, we conducted a human study on a sample of 500 Infoboxes which were sampled from English dataset. The annotators for this task were undergraduate and graduate students. For each of these infoboxes, we generated summaries using the basic seq2seq model and our f... | false | 102 | null |
How is the value of epsilon been chosen as it significantly affects the performance of Simba-ODS? | Regarding the specific case of SimBA-ODS, we have presented two different epsilon tunings: 0.2 and 2.0. The original value of 0.2 is taken from the original paper/code, and is most likely inherited from the original SimBA work. As it is a fairly inappropriate tuning for this problem, we have also chosen the alternative... | Figure 7: The figure illustrates two sets of curves. The solid curves represent the median query count required to successfully attack the three architectures as a function of the step length, while the dashed curves show the success rate.
The simple method we propose in Algorithm 1 accepts a single hyperparameter: the... | false | 414 | null |
How to make a traditional cup of English tea? | Add loose leaf tea to a china teapot and add near boiling water. Allow the tea to brew for 4-5 minutes. Following this time pour the tea through a tea strainer to catch the loose leaves and for the brewed tea to flow into a tea cup. Fill the cup three quarters high and add milk and sugar to your taste. Enjoy your t... | false | null | null | |
How do you score three points in basketball? | You score three points by making a basket from beyond the three point line, which is an arc which is drawn around each basket. By sinking the ball from far away from the basket, you are rewarded with an extra point. | false | null | null | |
Classify each of the following plates as either food or a cocktail: sushi, mojito, quiche, tacos, moscow mule, old fashioned, pizza, pasta, sandwich, pho, margarita, martini, ramen | From the list that has been provided, the following items to belong to the food category: sushi quiche, tacos, pizza, pasta, sandwich, pho and ramen. The rest of the items can be categorized as cocktails: mojito, moscow mule, old fashioned, margarita and martini. | false | null | null | |
What is the novel architecture proposed by authors? | It combines adversarial training with the BERT language model for AE and Aspect Sentiment Classification tasks. | Understanding what people are talking about and how they feel about it is valuable especially for industries which need to know the customers' opinions on their products. Aspect-Based Sentiment Analysis (ABSA) is a branch of sentiment analysis which deals with extracting the opinion targets (aspects) as well as the sen... | false | 363 | null |
What are the Spice Girls nicknames? | The Spice Girls iconic nicknames are Sporty, Ginger, Scary, Baby, and Posh Spice. | false | null | null | |
Where is Estonia? | Estonia is a small European Union nation located in Northern Europe on the Baltic Sea across from Finland and bordered by Lativa to the south and Russia to the east. With a population of 1.3 million it is among the least populated EU countries. The country was occupied for much of the 20th century by Russia as part of ... | Estonia, formally the Republic of Estonia, is a country by the Baltic Sea in Northern Europe. It is bordered to the north by the Gulf of Finland across from Finland, to the west by the sea across from Sweden, to the south by Latvia, and to the east by Lake Peipus and Russia. The territory of Estonia consists of the mai... | false | null | null |
International Booker Prize 2021 was given to | At night all blood is black | false | null | null | |
what is the Bieh State | Bieh State (previously named Eastern Bieh State) was in South Sudan between 2 October 2015 and 22 February 2020. It was located in the Greater Upper Nile region, bordering Fangak to the west, Central Upper Nile to the north, Latjoor and Akobo to the east, and Jonglei to the south. On 2 October 2015, President Salva Kii... | Bieh State (previously named Eastern Bieh State) was a state in South Sudan that existed between 2 October 2015 and 22 February 2020. It was located in the Greater Upper Nile region and it bordered Fangak to the west, Central Upper Nile to the north, Latjoor and Akobo to the east, and Jonglei to the south.
History
On ... | false | null | null |
What language technologies have been introduced in the past? | - Font & Keyboard
- Speech-to-Text
- Text-to-Speech
- Text Prediction
- Spell Checker
- Grammar Checker
- Text Search
- Machine Translation
- Voice to Text Search
- Voice to Speech Search | Often, many state-of-the-art tools cannot be applied to low-resource languages due to the lack of data. Table TABREF6 describes the various technologies and their presence concerning languages with different levels of resource availability and the ease of data collection. We can observe that for low resource languages,... | false | null | 1912.03457 |
Whether you miss any baselines? | We have added Table 5 in Section 4.2 for source-free few-shot adaptation comparison. We include AdaBN, Late Fusion, finetuning methods (finetune BN/classifier/feature extractor, regularized finetuning), cross-domain few-shot learning (FLUTE), hypothesis transfer (finetune BN/feature extractor). Note that finetuning fea... | As far as we know, there are no existing methods designed and evaluated specifically for our sourcefree few-shot DA setting. We apply existing methods in DA and few-shot transfer learning to provide benchmark performance. We compare with AdaBN by replacing source BN statistics with those calculated on target support se... | false | 516 | null |
What s epigenomics? | Epigenomics is the study of the complete set of epigenetic modifications on the genetic material of a cell, known as the epigenome. The field is analogous to genomics and proteomics, which are the study of the genome and proteome of a cell. Epigenetic modifications are reversible modifications on a cell's DNA or histon... | false | null | null | |
Why do the authors' datasets retain the conversational context and introduce human-written intervention responses? | Because the conversational context and intervention responses are critical in order to build generative models to automatically mitigate the spread of these types of conversations. | The growing popularity of online interactions through social media has been shown to have both positive and negative impacts. While social media improves information sharing, it also facilitates the propagation of online harassment, including hate speech. These negative experiences can have a measurable negative impact... | false | 214 | null |
Who founded Ford | Henry Ford founded Ford Motor Company (aka Ford) in on June 16, 1903 in Dearborn Michigan. | Ford Motor Company (commonly known as Ford) is an American multinational automobile manufacturer headquartered in Dearborn, Michigan, United States. It was founded by Henry Ford and incorporated on June 16, 1903. The company sells automobiles and commercial vehicles under the Ford brand, and luxury cars under its Linco... | false | null | null |
What is the best way to approach a new cat? | First, it's important to know the background of the cat. If it is a stray, you might want to keep your distance since you don't know its vaccination status. If it is a known, healthy cat, then you can approach it. Do so with care so that you do not scare it away.
There are several techniques to make yourself more a... | false | null | null | |
What are the selection criteria for "causal statements"? | Presence of only the exact unigrams 'caused', 'causing', or 'causes' | Causal documents were chosen to contain one occurrence only of the exact unigrams: `caused', `causing', or `causes'. The word `cause' was not included due to its use as a popular contraction for `because'. One `cause-word' per document restricted the analysis to single relationships between two relata. Documents that c... | false | null | 1604.05781 |
What type of jacket do grizzlies usually wear? | Grizzlies are bears typically found in North America. Bears are animals that are covered in fur and usually live in the woods. Because they are covered in fur and live in the woods, it is unnecessary for bears to wear jackets. To date, bears have not shown the capacity to be able to create cloth or sew jackets, so the... | false | null | null | |
Who were the last 5 Republican presidents? | Gerald Ford – 1974 to 1977 (38th President)
Ronald Reagan – 1981 to 1989 (40th President)
George H.W. Bush – 1989 to 1993 (41st President)
George W. Bush – 2001 to 2009 (43rd President)
Donald J. Trump – 2017 to 2021 (45th President) | false | null | null | |
Identify which instrument is string or percussion: Bongo drum, Kingri | Kingri is string, Bongo drum is percussion. | false | null | null | |
Based on this information given, what groups combined to create the New JEWEL Movement, and on what date were they organized by which leader? | On March 11th 1973, Maurice Bishop brought together the Joint Endeavor for Welfare, Education, and Liberation (JEWEL), Organization for Revolutionary Education and Liberation, and the Movement for Assemblies of the People to form the New JEWEL Movement. | The New JEWEL Movement (NJM) was formally established on 11 March 1973 as an alliance of the Joint Endeavor for Welfare, Education, and Liberation (JEWEL), Organization for Revolutionary Education and Liberation, and the Movement for Assemblies of the People (MAP), led by young lawyer Maurice Bishop. The NJM's initial ... | false | null | null |
Given this text, who was Mclaren's number-one driver in 1988 | In 1988, according to this text Alain Prost was McLaren's number one driver | In 1988, due to the relationship he had built up with Honda throughout the 1987 season with Lotus, and with the approval of McLaren's number-one driver and then-double world champion, Alain Prost, Senna joined the McLaren team. The foundation for a fierce competition between Senna and Prost was laid, culminating in a n... | false | null | null |
Given a reference text about Stanley Franklin Browne, how many aerial victories during World War II did he have and what did he do when he returned from the war. | Stanley Franklin Browne was credited with five aerial victories during World War II. After the war, he returned to university and became a chemist. | Stanley Franklin Browne, DFC & Bar (29 October 1919 – 13 January 2011) was a New Zealand flying ace of the Royal New Zealand Air Force (RNZAF) during the Second World War. He was officially credited with at least five aerial victories.
Born in Wellington, Browne was a university student when he joined the RNZAF in Mar... | false | null | null |
Given this reference text about Isa Melikov, which events did Isa participate in 2008? | Isa participated in Berlinale Talent Campus, and established the production center Baku Music Factory in 2008 | Isa Melikov (Azerbaijani: Məlikov İsa Fazil oğlu, born 21 October 1980, in Baku, Azerbaijan SSR) is a famous Azerbaijani composer and producer. He is the author of numerous musical projects, hit songs and soundtracks to movies. The list of celebrities singing his songs include leading stars of Azerbaijan as well as voc... | false | null | null |
According to the experiment, what did the authors find that has an impact on the accuracy of translation? | The authors show that there is a significant increase in the translation accuracy for the unseen source-target language pair. | Deep Learning approaches have achieved impressive results on various NLP tasks BIBREF0 , BIBREF1 , BIBREF2 and have become the de facto approach for any NLP task. However, these deep learning techniques have found to be less effective for low-resource languages when the available training data is very less BIBREF3 . Re... | false | 3 | null |
How they know what are content words? | The answers are shown as follows:
* words found in the control word lists are then removed
* The remaining words, which represent the content
| fig:sentenceinput illustrates the process. Controls are calculated heuristically. All words found in the control word lists are then removed from the reference sentence. The remaining words, which represent the content, are used as input into the model, along with their POS tags and lemmas.
In this way we encourage mod... | false | null | 1911.03385 |
Who was injured or killed and in what ways in the accidents? | F.H. Kirchman and his passenger Agnes Louise Brady was also killed. William Gleason Sauerwein had a broken leg and head injuries. Margaret Vaughn had severe head and leg injuries. | 1947: Two plane crashes in a 24-hour period, one with fatalities. Two people were killed as the result of a mid-air collision between two planes over the airfield. The accident occurred when William Gleason Sauerwein of Falls Church took off from the field in an Aeronca Champion at the same time that F.H. Kirchman, 48,... | false | null | null |
Who is the largest employer in the world? | The United States Department of Defense (DoD, USDOD or DOD) is an executive branch department of the federal government of the United States charged with coordinating and supervising all agencies and functions of the U.S. government directly related to national security and the United States Armed Forces. The DoD is th... | false | null | null | |
On what day did the invasion of Normandy, France occur in World War II? | June 6, 1944 | false | null | null | |
What is a Mormon? | A Mormon typically refers to a member of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. The word Mormon comes from a prophet in the Book of Mormon who lived in the Americas around 300 A.D. The Book of Mormon is part of the canon of scripture that members of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints use, in conj... | false | null | null | |
What is wine? | Wine is an alcoholic drink typically made from fermented grapes. | Wine is an alcoholic drink typically made from fermented grapes. Yeast consumes the sugar in the grapes and converts it to ethanol and carbon dioxide, releasing heat in the process. Different varieties of grapes and strains of yeasts are major factors in different styles of wine. These differences result from the compl... | false | null | null |
What is the definition of a moon landing | A Moon landing is the arrival of a spacecraft on the surface of the Moon. This includes both crewed and robotic missions. The first human-made object to touch the Moon was the Soviet Union's Luna 2, on 13 September 1959.
The United States' Apollo 11 was the first crewed mission to land on the Moon, on 20 July 1969. Th... | A Moon landing is the arrival of a spacecraft on the surface of the Moon. This includes both crewed and robotic missions. The first human-made object to touch the Moon was the Soviet Union's Luna 2, on 13 September 1959. | false | null | null |
What is MRR? | The answers are shown as follows:
* mean reciprocal rank
| I first measured the effectiveness of the embeddings at the skip-gram's training task, predicting context words INLINEFORM0 given input words INLINEFORM1 . This task measures the methods' performance for predictive language modeling. I used four datasets of sociopolitical, scientific, and literary interest: the corpus ... | false | null | 1705.07368 |
Extract from this passage the the locations where the Patriots have held training camp and separate the answers with commas. | Outside Gillette Stadium, Bryant College, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Philips Academy, Foxboro Stadium, the public football fields available in Foxborough | The Patriots hold training camp and practices just outside of Gillette Stadium in Foxborough, with twin practice fields available for team use.
Prior to 2003, the Patriots held training camp and practice at numerous locations. From 1976 to 2002, the team held training camp at Bryant College in Smithfield, Rhode Island... | false | null | null |
Tell me whether these games are exclusives or multi-platform: The Legend of Zelda, Call of Duty, Sly Cooper, God of War, Counter-Strike, Mario, Pokemon, Halo, Dota, League of Legends. | The Legend of Zelda, Sly Cooper, God of War, Mario, Pokemon and Halo have been at least been historically advertised and classified as console exclusives: Zelda, Mario and Pokemon on Nintendo platforms, God of War and Sly Cooper on Sony Playstation platforms, Halo on Microsoft Xbox Platforms.
Lately, some of the games... | false | null | null | |
Tell me whether these states are in Eastern Time, Central Time, or neither | California, Oregon, Connecticut, Washington, Texas, Hawaii | false | null | null | |
What is the highlight of their approach? | They propose a novel approach to mitigate the impact of ASR errors in stead of considering sub-word features. | Question answering (QA) has drawn a lot of attention in the past few years. QA tasks on images BIBREF0 have been widely studied, but most focused on understanding text documents BIBREF1 . A representative dataset in text QA is SQuAD BIBREF1 , in which several end-to-end neural models have accomplished promising perform... | false | 46 | null |
How many events were completed in first modern Olympic Games? | There were 43 events which included shot put, boxing, running... | false | null | null | |
How do they judge the overall improvements of the predictive performance? | They performed paired t-test considering +ve F1 scores on each relation as paired data. | Evaluation-I: Strategy Formulation Ability. Table 5 shows the list of inference strategies formulated by LiLi for various INLINEFORM0 and INLINEFORM1 , which control the strategy formulation of LiLi. When INLINEFORM2 , LiLi cannot interact with user and works like a closed-world method. Thus, INLINEFORM3 drops signific... | false | 22 | null |
What method do the authors propose to tackle the raised questions? | The authors propose LadaBERT (Lightweight adaptation of BERT through hybrid model compression) to tackle the raised questions. | The pre-trained language model, BERT BIBREF0 has led to a big breakthrough in various kinds of natural language understanding tasks. Ideally, people can start from a pre-trained BERT checkpoint and fine-tune it on a specific downstream task. However, the original BERT models are memory-exhaustive and latency-prohibitiv... | false | 176 | null |
What problem does the paper investigate? | The problem of discriminating between factual and non-factual accounts in Twitter. | Social media platforms have made the spreading of fake news easier, faster as well as able to reach a wider audience. Social media offer another feature which is the anonymity for the authors, and this opens the door to many suspicious individuals or organizations to utilize these platforms. Recently, there has been an... | false | 78 | null |
What is the Wikipedia article quality assessment in this paper？ | Quality assessment of Wikipedia articles is a task that assigns a quality class label to a given Wikipedia article, mirroring the quality assessment process that the Wikipedia community carries out manually. | A variety of approaches have been proposed for document quality assessment across different domains: Wikipedia article quality assessment, academic paper rating, content quality assessment in community question answering (cQA), and essay scoring. Among these approaches, some use hand-crafted features while others use n... | false | 133 | null |
Categorize each of the following with their associated holiday, either "Christmas", "Easter" or "Halloween". Bunny, egg, cobwebs, candy bucket, candy basket, lights, Santa | Bunny: Easter, egg: Easter, cobwebs: Halloween, candy bucket: Halloween, Candy basket: Easter, lights: Christmas, Santa: Christmas | false | null | null | |
Where is the best place to vacation in the Bahamas? | Harbour Island is a small island in the Bahamas, accessible via the airport at North Eleuthera. Flights leave Miami, Fort Lauderdale or Nassau, several times daily. From Florida, Harbour Island is a 45min paddle jumper flight to North Eleuthera and then a 10 minute speed boat.
Harbour Island has 8 hotels, Coral Sands,... | false | null | null | |
According to this paragraph, what are the "Old Dorms" at the University of Virginia? | The "Old Dorms" at the University of Virginia often refer to the primary housing area for first-year students on McCormick Road. | The primary housing areas for first-year students are McCormick Road Dormitories, often called "Old Dorms", and Alderman Road Dormitories, often called "New Dorms". The 1970s-era Alderman Road Dorms are being fully replaced with brand new dormitory buildings in the same area. The replacements feature hall-style living ... | false | null | null |
What is the largest city in North America? | The largest city in North America by population is Mexico City. | false | null | null | |
How many movies did director Quentin Tarantino make? | As of March 2023, Quentin Tarantino has made 10 movies. They are, in chronological order:
1. Reservoir Dogs
2. Pulp Fiction
3. Jackie Brown
4. Kill Bill: Volume 1
5. Kill Bill: Volume 2
6. Death Proof
7. Inglourious Basterds
8. Django Unchained
9. The Hateful Eight
10. Once Upon a Time in Hollywood | false | null | null | |
Name some of the famous battles from the American Revolutionary War | Famous battles from the American Revolutionary War include Battle of Bunker Hill, Battles of Lexington and Concord, and Yorktown | false | null | null | |
Which is a species of fish? Opah or Oprah | Opah | false | null | null | |
Suggest some ranged weapons for role playing games. | Ranged weapons include the bow, shotgun, rifle and cannon. | false | null | null | |
Why is University of Wisconsin Madison the best college? | UW-Madison has the best work/life balance. It's consistency ranked as one of the top academic universities in the world as well as party schools in the U.S. No wonder there are so many Fortune 500 CEOs from UW-Madison! | false | null | null | |
What is the current best TV show? | Ted Lasso because of it's heart wrenching plot, amazingly developed characters & an overall positive message. It also provides example of relatability in the characters to your own personal life. | false | null | null | |
Who are U2 | U2 are an Irish rock band from Dublin, formed in 1976. The group consists of Bono (lead vocals and rhythm guitar), the Edge (lead guitar, keyboards, and backing vocals), Adam Clayton (bass guitar), and Larry Mullen Jr. (drums and percussion). Initially rooted in post-punk, U2's musical style has evolved throughout thei... | false | null | null | |
What is the purpose of the paper? | They come up with an approach to generate resource of a question answer pairs for the benefit of QA tasks . | Deep learning systems have shown a lot of promise for extractive Question Answering (QA), with performance comparable to humans when large scale data is available. However, practitioners looking to build QA systems for specific applications may not have the resources to collect tens of thousands of questions on corpora... | false | 64 | null |
Why is QE research so popular? | Due to the improved quality of MT systems, and potential for reductions in post-editing time and the corresponding savings in labor costs. | Quality estimation (QE) refers to the task of measuring the quality of machine translation (MT) system outputs without reference to the gold translations BIBREF0 , BIBREF1 . QE research has grown increasingly popular due to the improved quality of MT systems, and potential for reductions in post-editing time and the co... | false | 310 | null |
Is this paper the first user study on the perceived appropriateness of system responses after verbal abuse? | Yes, it is. | This paper presents the first user study on perceived appropriateness of system responses after verbal abuse. We put strategies used by state-of-the-art systems to the test in a large-scale, crowd-sourced evaluation. The full annotated corpus contains 2441 system replies, categorised into 14 response types, which were ... | false | 171 | null |
What is the difference between planned and prediction actions? | In the execution phase, we refer to the actions obtained from the planner as “planned actions” for the navigation subgoals and actions obtained from the Object Interaction Transformer as “predicted actions” for the non-navigation subgoals. | Given the language instructions and the affordance-aware semantic representation (i.e., semantic map) acquired during exploration, the agent executes the subgoals sequentially. It uses a planning module (which consumes the semantic map) for navigation subgoals and an object interaction transformer for other subgoals. | false | 486 | null |
Based on the following paragraph about the campuses of the University of Georgia, which types of trees can be found on the campus? | On the campuses of the University of Georgia one can find native tree species such as magnolias, red oaks, white oaks, and beeches. There are also non-native tree species to be found such as the North Africa Atlas cedar, the Chinese parasol and royal paulownia, and the Japanese zelkova and black pine. | The campuses' dominant architectural themes are Federal, Classical and Antebellum style. Though there have been many additions, changes, and augmentations, the University of Georgia's campus maintains its historic character. In 2000, the entire campus was designated as an arboretum, the University of Georgia Campus Arb... | false | null | null |
Tell me whether these are a breed of dog or cat: Australian Shepherd, Calico, Maine Coon, Golden Retriever, Corgi | dog, cat, cat, dog, dog | false | null | null | |
What is game of Cricket? | Cricket is a game played using a bat and a ball, with 11 players in each team. The surface in the centre of cricket filed is called Pitch which is 22 yards long. The batting starts with 2 player on the pitch, a batter and runner. Bowling side chooses a baller and rest of the 10 players are spread across the filed to ca... | Cricket is a bat-and-ball game played between two teams of eleven players on a field at the centre of which is a 22-yard (20-metre) pitch with a wicket at each end, each comprising two bails balanced on three stumps. The batting side scores runs by striking the ball bowled at one of the wickets with the bat and then ru... | false | null | null |
What are a few dishes you can cook with potatoes? | There are a lot of great dishes you can cook with potatoes. A few common dishes include mashed potatoes, baked potatoes, and french fries. | false | null | null | |
What are three main machine translation tasks? | The answers are shown as follows:
* De-En, En-Fr and En-Vi translation tasks
| During inference, we adopt beam search with a beam size of 5 for De-En, En-Fr and En-Vi translation tasks. The length penalty is set to 0.8 for En-Fr according to the validation results, 1 for the two small datasets following the default setting of BIBREF14. We do not tune beam width and length penalty but use the sett... | false | null | 1911.09483 |
Tell me a number of ways that one could entertain a small group of 6 year old children. | There are a quite a few ways in which to entertain a group of young children depending on their interests. Most children enjoy games, so you could find some age-appropriate board games and help them to understand the rules and play through the game. Alternatively, if you have space, you could have them play hide-and-go... | false | null | null | |
What is the best way to make an AreoPress coffee | Ingredients: 30g of Coffee Medium Grind, 150-250ml of 86º Water
Steps: Rinse AreoPress filter and set aside. Invert AreoPress, place on scale, and fill with ground coffee. Tare the scale, start a timer and begin filling AreoPress with water making sure to saturate the grounds. Stop pouring when when the scale reads 100... | false | null | null | |
What is the BERT? | It is a new language representation model, which uses bidirectional transformers to pretrain a large unlabeled corpus, and fine-tunes the pre-trained model on other tasks. | BERT (Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers) BIBREF14 is a new language representation model, which uses bidirectional transformers to pre-train a large unlabeled corpus, and fine-tunes the pre-trained model on other tasks. BERT has been widely used and shows great improvement on various natural langu... | false | 306 | null |
Summarise the basic rules of soccer, without using examples from the text | Soccer is played between two teams of players who pass a spherical inflated ball between each other, predominantly using the feet and head, with the aim of getting the ball into the opponents goal (a rectangular opening at each end of the playing area) . The only player who can use their hands and arms is the goalkeepe... | The game of association football is played in accordance with the Laws of the Game, a set of rules that has been in effect since 1863 and maintained by the IFAB since 1886. The game is played with a football that is 68–70 cm (27–28 in) in circumference. The two teams compete to get the ball into the other team's goal (... | false | null | null |
The Awards ceremony for 63rd Grammy Awards was held at which place? | Los Angeles | false | null | null | |
What are the key challenges in handling document flow? | This requires handling documents one-by-one as they appear in the document stream. | Following developing news stories is imperative to making real-time decisions on important political and public safety matters. Given the abundance of media providers and languages, this endeavor is an extremely difficult task. As such, there is a strong demand for automatic clustering of news streams, so that they can... | false | 17 | null |
Explain inter frame | An inter frame is a frame in a video compression stream which is expressed in terms of one or more neighboring frames. The "inter" part of the term refers to the use of Inter frame prediction. This kind of prediction tries to take advantage from temporal redundancy between neighboring frames enabling higher compression... | An inter frame is a frame in a video compression stream which is expressed in terms of one or more neighboring frames. The "inter" part of the term refers to the use of Inter frame prediction. This kind of prediction tries to take advantage from temporal redundancy between neighboring frames enabling higher compression... | false | null | null |
Identify which car manufacturer is British or American: Lotus, Lincoln | Lotus is British, Lincoln is American | false | null | null | |
Given this paragraph about the Women's Education Association, which institutions of higher learning had affiliations with the Association? | The Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University | The aid of the Association was also given to the formation of a class of women for the study of advanced chemistry at the laboratory of the Girls' High School. This class was found to meet so great a want that a chemical laboratory has been fitted up in connection with the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and fur... | false | null | null |
Identify which instrument is string or percussion: Mridangam, Gambus | Gambus is string, Mridangam is percussion. | false | null | null | |
From the passage provided, list the awards won. Include when they were won and by whom. | Neil Innes won the Ivor Novello Award in 1968 for writing the song "I'm the Urban Spaceman". | "I'm the Urban Spaceman" was the Bonzo Dog Doo-Dah Band's most successful single, released in 1968. It reached #5 in the UK charts. The song was written by Neil Innes—who won an Ivor Novello Award in 1968 for the song—and produced by Paul McCartney under the pseudonym "Apollo C. Vermouth". The B-side was written by Viv... | false | null | null |
Classify each of the following as straight or curved: banana, baseball bat, hook, rainbow, convex lens, ruler | Banana: Curved
Baseball Bat: Straight
Hook: Curved
Rainbow: Curved
Convex Lens: Curved
Ruler: Straight | false | null | null | |
Who is Marina Vishmidt | Marina Vishmidt (born 1976) is an American writer, editor and critic. She lectures at the Centre for Cultural Studies at Goldsmiths, University of London in the MA program Culture Industry, and teaches Art Theory in the MA Art Praxis at the Dutch Art Institute in Arnhem. Her research mainly concerns the relationship be... | Marina Vishmidt (born 1976) is an American writer, editor and critic. She lectures at the Centre for Cultural Studies at Goldsmiths, University of London in the MA program Culture Industry, and teaches Art Theory in the MA Art Praxis at the Dutch Art Institute in Arnhem. Her research mainly concerns the relationship be... | false | null | null |
Think up a new seasoning blend that will be as popular as "everything but the bagel" seasoning. | A new popular seasoning could be a sour cream and onion seasoning reminiscent of the popular chip flavor. You can sprinkle it on a myriad of items for a delicious savory boost. | false | null | null | |
Why Twitter data is a more suitable resource than blog data? | Because it is shorter and it is easier to get data containing both sarcastic and non-sarcastic examples of the same event by Twitter API. | Sarcasm is defined as “a sharp, bitter, or cutting expression or remark; a bitter gibe or taunt”. As the fields of affective computing and sentiment analysis have gained increasing popularity BIBREF0 , it is a major concern to detect sarcastic, ironic, and metaphoric expressions. Sarcasm, especially, is key for sentime... | false | 109 | null |
Give me a list of the best movies I've never seen. | I would definitely recommend to watch Lord of the Rings. It is a great fantasy movie about friendship and how in the end, the good always prevails. The scale and grandeur, also the cast of the movie was superb. Any film where Tom Hanks is in the lead role should also be watched, as an actor he is simply amazing, and co... | false | null | null | |
What is the best way to think of the reward, versus the agent-wise utility? | They are different because the value of the agent-wise utility can be any value as long as the argmax action of the agent-wise utility and the joint action-value is the same. Conceptually, an agent-wise utility is similar to an actor in an actor-critic method. This is why we use the word “utility” rather than agent-wis... | Here, we introduce our architectures for the action-value estimators. First, we construct the estimators using the utility functions z 1 (w agt ), . . . , z N (w agt ) with agent-wise risk level w agt . Our main contribution in designing the estimators is twofold: (i) using IQN for the true action-value estimator Z jt ... | false | 444 | null |
How do they select monotonicity facts? | They derive it from Wordnet | MonaLog utilizes two auxiliary sets. First, a knowledge base ${K}$ that stores the world knowledge needed for inference, e.g., semanticist $\le $ linguist and swim $\le $ move, which captures the facts that $[\![\mbox{\em semanticist}]\!]$ denotes a subset of $[\![\mbox{\em linguist}]\!]$, and that $[\![\mbox{\em swim}... | false | null | 1910.08772 |
Classify each of the following as a professional golfer or professional football player: Jon Rahm, Patrick Mahomes, Tom Brady, Max Homa, Scottie Scheffler, Tiger Woods, Rory McIlroy, Josh Allen, Jacoby Brissett. | Jon Rahm is a professional golfer.
Patrick Mahomes is a professional football player.
Tom Brady is a professional football player.
Max Homa is a professional golfer.
Scottie Scheffler is a professional golfer.
Tiger Woods is a professional golfer.
Rory McIlroy is a professional golfer.
Josh Allen is a professional foot... | false | null | null | |
Briefly explain what are I frames, B frames, and P frames? | I frames, B frames, and P frames are video frame types used in video codecs. I frames can be decoded without reference to any other frames. They are self-contained descriptions of one frame of the video. P frames and B frames on the other hand reference other frames and must be decoded after the frames they reference h... | In the field of video compression a video frame is compressed using different algorithms with different advantages and disadvantages, centered mainly around amount of data compression. These different algorithms for video frames are called picture types or frame types. The three major picture types used in the differen... | false | null | null |
Extract when were the universities of Palencia and Salamanca established | The University of Palencia was established between 1212 and 1263 and the University of Salamanca was established between 1218 and 1254. | The 13th century also witnessed the Crown of Aragon, centred in Spain's north east, expand its reach across islands in the Mediterranean, to Sicily and Naples. Around this time the universities of Palencia (1212/1263) and Salamanca (1218/1254) were established. The Black Death of 1348 and 1349 devastated Spain. | false | null | null |
What datasets are used to evaluate this approach? | The answers are shown as follows:
* WN18 and YAGO3-10
| Since the setting is quite different from traditional adversarial attacks, search for link prediction adversaries brings up unique challenges. To find these minimal changes for a target link, we need to identify the fact that, when added into or removed from the graph, will have the biggest impact on the predicted scor... | false | null | 1905.00563 |
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