question stringlengths 4 11.7k | answer stringlengths 1 26k | evidence stringlengths 0 37.7k | yes_no bool 2
classes | paper_index int64 0 519 ⌀ | paper_id stringclasses 846
values |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
What was the Fannie Patton steamboat | The Fannie Patton was a steamboat operated in 1865. It was named after the daughter of businessman Edwin Cook and Frances Mary "Fannie" Cooke. It was operated on the Willamette River in Oregon | Fanny Patton was a stern-wheel driven steamboat that operated on the Willamette River, in Oregon, starting in August 1865. This steamer operated from 1865 to 1880 for various owners, and was a considered a profitable vessel. The steamer was named for the daughter of businessman Edwin N Cook, Frances Mary "Fannie" Cooke... | false | null | null |
How to learn the weights in the model? | They use back-propagation to learn all of the weights in their model. | Since we focus on single-relation question answering in this work, our model decodes every question into a KB query that consists of exactly two elements–the topic entity, and the predicate. More formally, our model is a function $f(q, \lbrace e\rbrace , \lbrace p\rbrace )$ that takes as input a question $q$ , a set of... | false | 34 | null |
What were Atari gaming consoles? | Gaming consoles from Atari:
- Atari 2600
- Atari 5200
- Atari 7800
- Atari Jaguar
- Atari Jaguar CD
- Atari Lynx
- Atari ST
- Atari XEGS | false | null | null | |
How big is Reef manta rays | Reef manta rays are typically 3 to 3.5 m (9.8 to 11.5 ft) in disc width, with a maximum size of about 5.5 m (18 ft). | The reef manta ray (Mobula alfredi) is a species of ray in the family Mobulidae, one of the largest rays in the world. Among generally recognized species, it is the second-largest species of ray, only surpassed by the giant oceanic manta ray.
The species was described in 1868 by Gerard Krefft, the director of the Aust... | false | null | null |
Given the below reference text about Luftwaffe, tell me for how many years was this military organisation active officially in Germany? | The Luftwaffe was officially active for about 11 years - 1935 to 1946. | The Luftwaffe was the aerial-warfare branch of the German Wehrmacht before and during World War II. Germany's military air arms during World War I, the Luftstreitkräfte of the Imperial Army and the Marine-Fliegerabteilung of the Imperial Navy, had been disbanded in May 1920 in accordance with the terms of the 1919 Trea... | false | null | null |
What supplemental tasks are used for multitask learning? | Multitask learning is used for the task of predicting relevance of a comment on a different question to a given question, where the supplemental tasks are predicting relevance between the questions, and between the comment and the corresponding question | Automation of cQA forums can be divided into three tasks: question-comment relevance (Task A), question-question relevance (Task B), and question-external comment relevance (Task C). One might think that classic retrieval models like language models for information retrieval BIBREF0 could solve these tasks. However, a ... | false | null | 1603.07044 |
Why do many of the flags of African countries have similar colors? | Ethiopia was the only sub-Saharan African country not to be colonized. Since the 19th century its flag has the colors green, yellow, and red. When Ghana became independent, it was inspired by Ethiopia’s resistance to colonization, and took those colors for its own flag. Subsequent African countries used the same colors... | false | null | null | |
What language is the experiment done in? | english language | While the dataset was collected with simulated environments, no structure was imposed on the navigation instructions while crowd-sourcing data. Thus, many instructions in our dataset are ambiguous. Moreover, the order of the behaviors in the instructions is not always the same. For instance, a person said “turn right a... | false | null | 1810.00663 |
Is Pluto a planet ? | Pluto's status is the subject of extensive debate among planetary scientists. Upon its discovery, Pluto was initially classified as the ninth planet of the Solar system. However in 2006, the International Astronomical Union (IAU) issued a definition for planets in the Solar system that resulted in the reclassification ... | false | null | null | |
What is the difference between baking soda and baking powder? | Baking soda is the common name for a chemical compound called sodium bicarbonate. It usually comes in the form of a white fine powder. It's a versatile product that can be used for baking and cleaning. On the other hand, baking powder is made of baking soda plus cream of tartar and cornstarch. It's typically used for b... | false | null | null | |
From the following description of the Hatfield-McCoy feud, identify the person condidered the leader of the Hatfields. | William Anderson Hatfield, also known as "Devil Anse", was considered the leader of the Hatfield clan. | The Hatfield–McCoy feud, also described by journalists as the Hatfield–McCoy conflict, involved two rural American families of the West Virginia–Kentucky area along the Tug Fork of the Big Sandy River in the years 1863–1891. The Hatfields of West Virginia were led by William Anderson "Devil Anse" Hatfield, while the Mc... | false | null | null |
How many percentages of people in London prefer to walk ? | Approx. 24% people in London prefer to walk. | London has an extensive and developed transport network which includes both private and public services. Journeys made by public transport systems account for 37% of London's journeys while private services accounted for 36% of journeys, walking 24% and cycling 2%. London's public transport network serves as the centra... | false | null | null |
Can you write me a page long essay on whether capitalism needs to be reexamined and amended? Is such a reexamination one of incremental or transformational change? If so, why? If not, why not? | How can I fully participate in a capitalistic society without examining it in the first place? That is
the necessary first step to then “re-examine” capitalism, which I unequivocally support. Blindly
following a belief, even an economic one, without critically assessing it can run the danger of
making me complicit i... | false | null | null | |
Given this paragraph about Pandora, what was the initial group name of Pandora musical group? | The original name of Pandora musical group was Trebol. | Pandora is a female Mexican singing trio. The trio was formed in 1981 under the name Trebol by sisters Isabel Lascurain and Mayte Lascurain and their cousin Fernanda Meade. The trio was renamed "Pandora" upon signing with EMI Records in 1984. | false | null | null |
Can they also provide reference to some relevant works that have explicitly identified such patterns? | We added some references about using chain [3], tree [4], and graph [5] structures to represent the logical rules. We have updated Section 2 in the revised PDF.
[3] Differentiable Learning of Logical Rules for Knowledge Base Reasoning. Yang et al., NIPS 2017.
[4] Learn to Explain Efficiently via Neural Logic Inductive ... | We begin with bridging logical expressions and graph patterns based on two intuitions/assumptions:
• A relation can often be inferred from other relations with a combination of simple logical rules that do not involve too many nodes. • One can predict relation existence by finding whether the subgraphs containing the p... | false | 477 | null |
What is their technique inspired by? | Recent advances in zero-shot learning. | Recently, there is a surge of excitement in adding numerous new domains to conversational agents such as Alexa, Google Assistant, Cortana and Siri to support a myriad of use cases. However, building a slot tagger, which is a key component for natural language understanding (NLU) BIBREF0 , for a new domain requires mass... | false | 224 | null |
Is UBS a good bank | UBS Group AG is a multinational investment bank and financial services company founded and based in Switzerland. Co-headquartered in the cities of Zürich and Basel, it maintains a presence in all major financial centres as the largest Swiss banking institution and the largest private bank in the world. UBS client servi... | UBS Group AG[nb 1] is a multinational investment bank and financial services company founded and based in Switzerland. Co-headquartered in the cities of Zürich and Basel, it maintains a presence in all major financial centres as the largest Swiss banking institution and the largest private bank in the world. UBS client... | false | null | null |
What is slack key guitar? | Slack key guitar is a style of finger-style guitar played in open tuning that originated in 19th century Hawaii. The style was created when Portuguese cowboys brought the guitar to Hawaii. The Hawaiians chose to retune the guitar by slackening some of the strings often to an open G chord. The most popular tuning DGDGBD... | false | null | null | |
What are the two levels of annotation | The indicate and subsentence level. | To operationalise the task of automatic cyberbullying detection, we developed and tested a fine-grained annotation scheme and applied it to our corpora. While a detailed overview of the guidelines is presented in our technical report BIBREF30 , we briefly present the categories and main annotation steps below.
Threat/B... | false | 249 | null |
What kind of neural network? | A neural network trained with large amounts of purchase and click signals. | At a high level, as shown in Figure FIGREF4 , a product search engine works as follows: a customer issues a query, which is passed to a lexical matching engine (typically an inverted index BIBREF0 , BIBREF1 ) to retrieve all products that contain words in the query, producing a match set. The match set passes through s... | false | 298 | null |
On a gravel bike ride, categorize which of these items are 'useful', 'not useful', 'dangerous', or ,'neither': shovel, spare tire, clock, horn, water bottle, gps, knife, snake | shovel = not useful
spare tire = useful
clock = neither
horn = useful
water bottle = useful
gps = useful
knife = useful
snake = dangerous | false | null | null | |
What simulations are performed by the authors to validate their approach? | The answers are shown as follows:
* a simulated binning task in which the robot is tasked to place a cube into a bowl as outlined by the verbal command
| We evaluate our model in a simulated binning task in which the robot is tasked to place a cube into a bowl as outlined by the verbal command. Each environment contains between three and five objects differentiated by their size (small, large), shape (round, square) and color (red, green, blue, yellow, pink), totalling ... | false | null | 1911.11744 |
Whether adding the convolution layer help to boost the F1-OK scores when translating from English to other languages? | Yes. | In Table TABREF21 , we show the ablation study of the features used in our model on English-German, German-English, and English-Czech. For each language pair, we show the performance of CEQE without adding the corresponding components specified in the second column respectively. The last row shows the performance of th... | false | 310 | null |
What was revolutionary about the Barbie doll when it was first sold? | The Barbie doll was one of the first dolls for children that was an adult, rather than the traditional baby doll | false | null | null | |
What does this paper develop? | Develop two classification models, inspired by bidirectional encoder representations from transformers (BERT), FriendsBERT and ChatBERT. | Emotion detection has long been a topic of interest to scholars in natural language processing (NLP) domain. Researchers aim to recognize the emotion behind the text and distribute similar ones into the same group. Establishing an emotion classifier can not only understand each user's feeling but also be extended to va... | false | 161 | null |
What model do Hasan and Ng use to model-dependent relationships to the preceding post (Hasan and Ng, 2013b)? | Hidden Markov models (HMMs). | In this paper we aim to use text as well as other features to see how they complement each other in a deep learning model. In the stance classification domain, previous work has showed that text features are limited, suggesting that adding extra-linguistic constraints could improve performance BIBREF6 , BIBREF7 , BIBRE... | false | 72 | null |
Was the introduced LSTM+CNN model trained on annotated data in a supervised fashion? | Yes. | We train our models on Sentiment140 and Amazon product reviews. Both of these datasets concentrates on sentiment represented by a short text. Summary description of other datasets for validation are also as below:
We have provided baseline results for the accuracy of other models against datasets (as shown in Table 1 )... | true | null | 1811.11136 |
How was the corpus annotated? | The answers are shown as follows:
* The workers were also asked to annotate both user states and system states
* we used some rules to automatically annotate dialogue acts according to user states, system states, and dialogue histories
| Dialogue Collection: before the formal data collection starts, we required the workers to make a small number of dialogues and gave them feedback about the dialogue quality. Then, well-trained workers were paired to converse according to the given goals. The workers were also asked to annotate both user states and syst... | false | null | 2002.11893 |
If you have one of the following issues, should you consult a doctor, a lawyer, or a plumber: a leaky faucet, a persistent cough, a small claims court summons, a torn meniscus, a urinary tract infection, a broken toilet, a federal indictment, or a search warrant from the FBI. | If you have a leaky faucet or a broken toilet, you should call a plumber. If you have a persistent cough, a torn meniscus or a urinary tract infection, you should consult a physician. If you have received a small claims court summons or a federal indictment, or a search warrant from the FBI, you will probably want to l... | false | null | null | |
What are the new 7 Wonders of the World: | These are the new 7 Wonders of the World:
- Great Wall of China
- Petra
- Christ the Redeemer
- Machu Picchu
- Chichén Itzá
- Colosseum
- Taj Mahal | false | null | null | |
List the sweet culinary specialities of New Orleans from this provided passage | The sweet culinary specialities of New Orleans include:
- Beignets: Square shaped fried dough similar to donuts
- Praline: A candy made with sugar, cream and pecans | New Orleans is known for specialties including beignets (locally pronounced like "ben-yays"), square-shaped fried dough that could be called "French doughnuts" (served with café au lait made with a blend of coffee and chicory rather than only coffee); and po' boy and Italian muffuletta sandwiches; Gulf oysters on the h... | false | null | null |
Who is Mother Teresa? | Mother Teresa was was an Albanian-Indian Catholic nun and the founder of the Missionaries of Charity. She was born in 1910 and died in September of 1997. When she was 18, moved to Ireland and then to India, where she lived most of her life.
The Missionaries of charity manages homes for people who are dying of HIV/... | false | null | null | |
Given this paragraph, how big are the non-volley zones in pickleball and where are they located? | 7-foot areas on either side of the net known | The appearance of a pickleball court, and the manner of play, resembles tennis, but the court is the size of a doubles badminton court, less than a third the size of a tennis court. Court lines and rules are specific to pickleball and include two 7-foot areas (2.1 m) on either side of the net known as the non-volley zo... | false | null | null |
How do you live a life full of gratitude? | Each day we are faced with both positive and negative experiences. As humans we tend to focus on the negative experiences, but it is important to recognize that the challenges in life make us stronger and shape us into who we are. To have more gratitude it's important to be grateful for even the small things in life as... | false | null | null | |
Give me a list of the top five most followed Instagram profiles, along with their number of followers. | 1. @Instagram, 623 millions
2. @Cristiano, 567 millions
3. @leomessi, 448 millions
4. @selenagomez, 407 millions
5. @kyliejenner, 383 millions | false | null | null | |
Write a facebook post responding to a question about whether public or private school is better | I really think it comes down to personal preference and the type of kid(s) you have. I don't think there is a universal one size fits all approach here. There's a lot of factors that can go into the decision, whether you live in a good school district, if your kid is special needs or struggles socially, whether you can... | false | null | null | |
Tell me whether these are famous as actors or authors: Russell Crowe, Tom Hanks, Jamie Lee Curtis, Joanne Woodward, Sara Jessica Parker, Tom Cruise, Alexander Dumas, JK Rowling, Ingrid Bergman, Grace Kelly, Judi Dench, Kate Winslet, Jodie Foster, Doris Day, William Shakespeare, Jalal al-Din Muhammad Rumi | The famous actors from this list are, Russell Crowe, Tom Hanks, Jamie Lee Curtis, Joanne Woodward, Sara Jessica Parker, Tom Cruise, Ingrid Bergman, Grace Kelly, Judi Dench, Kate Winslet, Jodie Foster and Doris Day. The famous authors are, Alexander Dumas, JK Rowling, William Shakespeare and Jalal Al-Din Muhammad Rumi. | false | null | null | |
Why are cookies delicious? | Cookies are delicious typically because they contain fat (oils usually), sugar, and salt in addition to carbohydrates from flour, many ingredients of which human taste buds enjoy. They are also baked, adding the heat element, which chemically alters them to be more palatable. | false | null | null | |
Give me a list of cities where I can stop/stay as I drive from Austin to Chicago by road | There could be multiple itineraries for a road trip from Austin to Chicago, as it's a 1000+ mile drive, but some of the prominent cities that you drive through are
Dallas / Fort Worth, Texas
Little Rock, Arkansas
Memphis, Tennessee
St Louis, Missouri | false | null | null | |
What is Docker? | Docker takes away repetitive, mundane configuration tasks and is used throughout the development lifecycle for fast, easy and portable application development – desktop and cloud. Docker’s comprehensive end to end platform includes UIs, CLIs, APIs and security that are engineered to work together across the entire appl... | false | null | null | |
What is the significance of a diploma? | A diploma testifies the recipient has graduated by successfully completing their courses of studies. | A diploma is a document awarded by an educational institution (such as a college or university) testifying the recipient has graduated by successfully completing their courses of studies. Historically, it has also referred to a charter or official document of diplomacy. | false | null | null |
Classify the following items as either cars or trucks: Ford F150, Audi A8, BMW 318i, Nissan Titan, Tesla Model 3 | Ford F150 - truck; Audi A8 - car; BMW 318i - car; Nissan Titan - truck; Tesla Model 3 - car | false | null | null | |
What are the drawbacks of nuclear fusion? | List of Cons of Nuclear Fusion
1. It is extremely difficult to achieve.
In stars, strong gravitational forces and high temperatures naturally create a fusion environment. But here on Earth, we are facing the challenge to make nuclear fuel hot and confined enough to start a self-sustaining ignition.
Imagine trying to ... | false | null | null | |
What are the three translation models they propose? | Backbone source-side fusion based NMT (BSFNMT), backbone target-side fusion (BTFNMT), and both-side fusion based NMT (BBFNMT). | Neural machine translation (NMT) is popularly implemented as an encoder-decoder framework BIBREF0, in which the encoder is right in charge of source sentence representation. Typically, the input sentence is implicitly represented as a contextualized source representation through deep learning networks. By further feedi... | false | 215 | null |
Who invented the first car? | Karl Benz invented the first car in 1896 AD. It was a petrol-powered engine designed to travel slowly. Made entirely by hand, the number of cars on roads did not surge as the supply was limited. However, the first popular car was the Model T, built-in 1908 by Ford in the USA. Ford sold over 15 million units of Model ... | false | null | null | |
Explain the best way to swing a golf iron compared to a golf driver. | When hitting an iron you want to make a downward striking motion in the grass. The driver is more of a sweeping motion through the ball. Overall, shorten the back swing on the driver and it will help gain control. | false | null | null | |
Which district is Lightwater in? | Lightwater is in Surrey Heath district in Surrey. It is in the civil parish of Windlesham. | Lightwater is a village in the Surrey Heath district of Surrey, England, about 27 miles (43 km) southwest of central London. Immediately surrounding towns and villages include Bagshot, Deepcut, Windlesham, Camberley, and West End, Woking. It is bounded to the north-west by the M3 motorway and to the north-east by the "... | false | null | null |
How many scenarios did the authors evaluate? | three | This section presents experiments conducted on the annotated corpora introduced in section SECREF4 . We put the main focus on identifying argument components in the discourse. To comply with the machine learning terminology, in this section we will use the term domain as an equivalent to a topic (remember that our data... | false | 106 | null |
Why is Brazilian jiu jitsu an excellent martial art? | Brazilian jiu jitsu (BJJ) is an excellent martial art for a number of reasons. BJJ is, first and foremost, a generally safe martial art. BJJ does not emphasize or focus on striking techniques like punching and kicking, rather, BJJ focuses on use of leverage and body mechanics to control and subdue an opponent. BJJ i... | false | null | null | |
Write an friendly, convincing e-mail to my landlord asking whether I can get a dog. | Dear Sir/Madam,
I hope this email finds you well.
I'm reaching out with a request regarding the property I rent from you. I'm interested in getting myself a dog and I noticed there wasn't a clause in our rental agreement specifying if this was allowed or not so I would like to consult you about that.
I work from home ... | false | null | null | |
How is it that some high net-worth individuals are able to avoid paying taxes completely? | The Internal Revenue Service (IRS) taxes regular income and investment income differently. For one type of common investment income i.e long term capital gains, the tax rates are 0%, 15% and 20% based on the annual income of the individual. The income used for calculating the above rates doesn't include income from the... | false | null | null | |
From the below text extract the year and list all movies released in that year separated by a comma in the form {Year} - {all movies released in that year} and show this as a bullet list | Here are the years and the movies released in that year from the given text:
1981 - Ek Duuje Ke Liye
1982 - Disco Dancer
1983 - Himmatwala
1984 - Tohfa
1986 - Naam
1987 - Mr India
1988 - Tezaab, Qayamat Se Qayamat Tak,
1989 - Chandni, Chaalbaaz, Maine Pyar Kiya
1991 - Lamhe, Saajan
1992 - Khuda Gawah
1993 - Khalnayak... | Commercial Hindi cinema grew in the 1980s, with films such as Ek Duuje Ke Liye (1981), Disco Dancer (1982), Himmatwala (1983), Tohfa (1984), Naam (1986), Mr India (1987), and Tezaab (1988).
In the late 1980s,[timeframe?] Hindi cinema experienced another period of stagnation, with a decline in box office turnout, due t... | false | null | null |
How do cardiac pacemakers work? | Pacemakers or cardiac pacemakers usually refer to artificial cardiac pacemakers, since our body has a natural cardiac pacemaker.
The artificial cardiac pacemakers work by detecting electric signals through the conductive leads that are attached to the inside of heart walls, usually in atriums, and, in the absence of ... | Modern pacemakers usually have multiple functions. The most basic form monitors the heart's native electrical rhythm. When the pacemaker wire or "lead" does not detect heart electrical activity in the chamber – atrium or ventricle – within a normal beat-to-beat time period – most commonly one second – it will stimulate... | false | null | null |
Without quoting directly from the text, briefly describe how the United Kingdom was formed from its constituent countries. | The United Kingdom is now made up of England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland. These countries were finally united in 1801, after England and Scotland (which had merged in 1707) were joined by the Kingdom of Ireland. | The British monarchy traces its origins from the petty kingdoms of Anglo-Saxon England and early medieval Scotland, which consolidated into the kingdoms of England and Scotland by the 10th century. England was conquered by the Normans in 1066, after which Wales also gradually came under the control of Anglo-Normans. Th... | false | null | null |
Which is a species of fish? Blowfish or Toucan | Blowfish | false | null | null | |
What previous automated evalution approaches authors mention? | The answers are shown as follows:
* Text Overlap Metrics, including BLEU
* Perplexity
* Parameterized Metrics
| Evaluation of NLG models has been a long-standing open problem. While human evaluation may be ideal, it is generally expensive to conduct and does not scale well. Various automated evaluation approaches are proposed to facilitate the development and evaluation of NLG models. We summarize these evaluation approaches bel... | false | null | 2002.05058 |
Given this paragraph about speed limits, what was first law regulating speed limits in UK, when was it enacted and what speed limits it set. | The first speed limit law in UK was called Locomotive Act, passed in 1861, set a speed limit of 10 miles per hour (16 km/h) in uninhabited areas, and 5 miles per hour (8.0 km/h) within towns. | The use of speed limits predates both motorized vehicles, and enforcement of the laws. Facing the invention of the automobile, many nations enacted speed limit laws, and appropriate measures to enforce them. The Locomotive Acts in the UK set speed limits for vehicles, and later codified enforcement methods. The first L... | false | null | null |
What is an interchange fee? | Interchange fee is a term used in the payment card industry to describe a fee paid between banks for the acceptance of card-based transactions. Usually for sales/services transactions it is a fee that a merchant's bank (the "acquiring bank") pays a customer's bank (the "issuing bank").
In a credit card or debit card t... | false | null | null | |
What is the Indianapolis 500? | The Indianapolis 500, formally known as the Indianapolis 500-Mile Race, and commonly called the Indy 500, is an annual automobile race held at Indianapolis Motor Speedway (IMS) in Speedway, Indiana, United States, an enclave suburb of Indianapolis. The event is traditionally held over Memorial Day weekend, usually the ... | The Indianapolis 500, formally known as the Indianapolis 500-Mile Race, and commonly called the Indy 500, is an annual automobile race held at Indianapolis Motor Speedway (IMS) in Speedway, Indiana, United States, an enclave suburb of Indianapolis. The event is traditionally held over Memorial Day weekend, usually the ... | false | null | null |
What is the significance of Glasgow, Georgia? | It is a community named after Glasgow in Scotland which is the ancestral home of a large part of the first settlers. | A post office called Glasgow was established in 1853, and remained in operation until 1905.The community was named after Glasgow, in Scotland, the ancestral home of a large share of the first settlers. | false | null | null |
Help me understand how I would grow a garden in my backyard | Growing a garden in your backyard requires yearlong dedication. Gardens can be composed of a variety of different types of plants and trees, depending on the size of the garden. Some plants are seasonal and must be re-planted every year. To plant such plants in your backyard, you will need to plant them usually in the ... | false | null | null | |
What does Lady Gaga affectionately call her fans? | Little monsters. | false | null | null | |
What empirical data are the Blending Game predictions compared to? | The answers are shown as follows:
* words length distribution, the frequency of use of the different forms and a measure for the combinatoriality
| In this paper we have investigated duality of patterning at the lexicon level. We have quantified in particular the notions of combinatoriality and compositionality as observed in real languages as well as in a large-scale dataset produced in the framework of a web-based word association experiment BIBREF1 . We have pa... | false | null | 1602.03661 |
What are the five MLB teams with the most World Series wins in descending order? | New York Yankees, St. Louis Cardinals, Oakland Athletics, Boston Red Sox, San Francisco Giants | false | null | null | |
How Can I become a Referee? | To become a Football Association (FA) referee you need to be at least 14-years-old and a resident in England. Contact your County FA for further information.
Note: You would need to attend a Basic Referees Course with your local County FA to train as a qualified referee. | false | null | null | |
Which of the big five is the most dangerous animals in Africa ? | The African Buffalo is notorious for killing the most number of hunters. | false | null | null | |
What in business terms is the IMF | International Monetary Fund | false | null | null | |
What languages are represented in the dataset? | EN, JA, ES, AR, PT, KO, TH, FR, TR, RU, IT, DE, PL, NL, EL, SV, FA, VI, FI, CS, UK, HI, DA, HU, NO, RO, SR, LV, BG, UR, TA, MR, BN, IN, KN, ET, SL, GU, CY, ZH, CKB, IS, LT, ML, SI, IW, NE, KM, MY, TL, KA, BO | FLOAT SELECTED: Table 2. Twitter corpus distribution by language label.
We begin by filtering the corpus to keep only those tweets where the user's self-declared language and the tweet's detected language correspond; that language becomes the tweet's correct language label. This operation cuts out roughly half the twee... | false | null | 1910.06748 |
From a computational perspective, what are the flaws of small segments and larger segments to be analyzed in the model? | Small segments, like tweets, sometimes do not have enough information to make their semantic context clear. In contrast, larger segments, like novels, have too much variation, making it difficult to train focused models. | The variables (both predictors and outcomes) are rarely simply binary or categorical. For example, a study on language use and age could focus on chronological age (instead of, e.g., social age BIBREF19 ). However, even then, age can be modeled in different ways. Discretization can make the modeling easier and various ... | false | 164 | null |
What classifiers did the authors use when doing the experiment? | Support Vector Machine classifiers | Disclaimer: Due to the nature of the paper, some examples contain highly offensive language and hate speech. They don't reflect the views of the authors in any way, and the point of the paper is to help fight such speech. Much recent interest has focused on the detection of offensive language and hate speech in online ... | false | 83 | null |
What country most recently joined NATO? | Finland is the most recent country to join NATO, formally becoming a member on 4 April 2023. It is the 31st country to join the North Atlantic Treaty Organization. | false | null | null | |
What is the performance of the models on the tasks? | Overall accuracy per model is: 5-gram (60.5), LSTM (68.9), TXL (68.7), GPT-2 (80.1) | An LM's overall performance on *X can be measured simply by taking the proportion of correct predictions across the 67,000 minimal pairs from all paradigms. GPT-2 achieves the highest score and the $n$-gram the lowest. Transformer-XL and the LSTM LM perform in the middle, and at roughly the same level as each other. Al... | false | null | 1912.00582 |
Why was the 2023 Women's NCAA basketball championship controversial? | LSU beat Iowa to win the NCAA women's basketball championship in slightly controversial game. Many fans and pundits observed overly tight officiating resulting in many of the key stars on both teams with quick fouls and spending time on the bench altering the flow of the game requiring more bench players to play than e... | false | null | null | |
How do the authors investigate the problem? | By considering tweets in groups (chunks). | Social media platforms have made the spreading of fake news easier, faster as well as able to reach a wider audience. Social media offer another feature which is the anonymity for the authors, and this opens the door to many suspicious individuals or organizations to utilize these platforms. Recently, there has been an... | false | 78 | null |
What are some of the most common social norms in the United States? | While social norms can vary between regions, some of the most common social norms to most regions in the United States include:
- Greeting people when meeting
- Saying please and thank you
- Holding the door open for someone
- Speaking quietly in a library or other quiet space
- Tipping servers at restaurants and bars | false | null | null | |
How many short videos are clipped in their novel dataset? | 1,268 short video clips. | There has been a surge of recent interest in detecting human actions in videos. Work in this space has mainly focused on learning actions from articulated human pose BIBREF7 , BIBREF8 , BIBREF9 or mining spatial and temporal information from videos BIBREF10 , BIBREF11 . A number of resources have been produced, includi... | false | 376 | null |
Give me a list of the greatest chess players of all time | The greatest chess players of all time include Garry Kasparov, Magnus Carlsen, and Bobby Fischer. | false | null | null | |
Given a reference text bout the Tampa Convention Center, when did it open and how big is it? | The Tampa Convention Center opened in 1990 and is about 600,000 square feet. | The Tampa Convention Center is a mid-sized convention center located in downtown Tampa, Florida at the mouth of the Hillsborough River. It has both waterfront views of Tampa Bay and views of the city's skyline. Harbour Island is across the eponymous bridge on the other side of the Garrison Channel. The center is connec... | false | null | null |
What religion is the oldest in the world? | The oldest religion in the world is Hinduism. Also known as Sanatana Dharma, Hinduism is one of the major religions in the modern world with over a billion followers. Hinduism contains scriptures dating back 3,000 years ago, and roots and customs dating back over 4,000 years ago. As the world's third largest religion, ... | false | null | null | |
Are results reported only on English datasets? | Yes. | Stanford - Twitter Sentiment Corpus (STS Corpus): STS Corpus contains 1,600K training tweets collected by a crawler from BIBREF0 . BIBREF0 constructed a test set manually with 177 negative and 182 positive tweets. The Stanford test set is small. However, it has been widely used in different evaluation tasks BIBREF0 BIB... | true | null | 1706.08032 |
Is new evaluation metric extension of ROGUE? | No. | CIC is a suitable complementary metric to ROUGE because it accounts for the most important information within each dialog domain. CIC can be applied to any summarization task with predefined essential entities. For example, in news summarization the proper nouns are the critical information to retain.
CIC is a suitable... | true | null | 1910.00825 |
Which of the following are women scientists: Marie Curie, Elizabeth Blackwell, Jane Goodall, Rosalind Franklin, Ada Lovelace, Maria Mitchell, Archimedes, Albert Einstein, Ernest Rutherford, Alfred Nobel, Alexander Fleming, Michael Faraday, Niels Bohr, Stephen Hawking, Alan Turing. | Marie Curie, Elizabeth Blackwell, Jane Goodall, Rosalind Franklin, Ada Lovelace, Maria Mitchell are women scientists. | false | null | null | |
What are the words of House Tully? | "Family, Duty, Honor." | false | null | null | |
Given a reference text about the Battle of Thermopylae, tell me when the battle was fought, who the battle was between, how many Greek and Persian forces there were, how the Persian army was able to flank the Greek forces and who won the battle? | The Battle of Thermopylae was fought in 480 BC. The battle was fought between the Persian Empire, led by Xerxes I, and a combination of allied Greek city-states led by Leonidas I of Sparta. There were approximately 7,000 Greek men led by Leonidas I and an estimated 120,000 - 300,000 Persian soldiers led by Xerxes I. Th... | The Battle of Thermopylae (/θərˈmɒpɪliː/ thər-MOP-i-lee; Greek: Μάχη τῶν Θερμοπυλῶν, Máchē tōn Thermopylōn) was fought in 480 BC between the Achaemenid Persian Empire under Xerxes I and an alliance of Greek city-states led by Sparta under Leonidas I. Lasting over the course of three days, it was one of the most promine... | false | null | null |
Was the new deal successful or a failure to solve the problems of the Great Depression? | The new deal was a success to solve the problems caused by the Great Depression because he took action quickly, he passed many acts, and he kept the moral up for the people. Franklin Roosevelt writes "This is no usolvable prroblem if we face it wisely and courageously. It can be accomplished in part by direct recruit... | false | null | null | |
What is the The Science Laureates of the United States Act of 2013 | The Science Laureates of the United States Act of 2013 (H.R. 1891) is a bill that would create the position of Science Laureate of the United States, meant to be similar to the United States Poet Laureate. The Science Laureate would spend their term traveling around the country promoting science and research to student... | false | null | null | |
What is the difference between speaker-open and speaker-closed setting? | The answers are shown as follows:
* In the speaker-closed condition, two episodes were set aside from each speaker as development and test sets.
* In the speaker-open condition, all the data except for the test speaker's were used for training
| In the speaker-closed condition, two episodes were set aside from each speaker as development and test sets. Thereafter, the total sizes of the development and test sets turns out to be 1585 IPUs spanning 2 hours 23 minutes and 1841 IPUs spanning 2 hours and 48 minutes respectively. The ASR model is trained with the re... | false | null | 2002.06675 |
Is their dataset a new dataset? | Yes, it is similar to CBT and CNN/DM datasets, but much larger. | Accuracy in any machine learning tasks can be enhanced either by improving a machine learning model or by using more in-domain training data. Current state of the art models BIBREF6 , BIBREF7 , BIBREF8 , BIBREF11 improve over AS Reader's accuracy on CBT NE and CN datasets by 1-2 percent absolute. This suggests that wit... | false | 105 | null |
Did Ghana lose by 100 against India in a soccer game? | This game actually didn't happen but Ghanaians and the entire nation some believe it did and tell stories about it. Our parents describe the game as very intriguing filled with mythical black magic and powers. It is believe that the soccer ball turned in the course of the game turned into different sorts of objects eve... | false | null | null | |
Which of these sentences is correct: "If I was you, I would do it" or "If I were you, I would do it"? | The correct sentence is "If I were you, I would do it"." This is the subjunctive form of English. It should be used when a hypothetical is contrary to fact. In this case, "I" is not "you," so the subjunctive form should be used. In first person, the form of "be" used for the subjunctive mood is "were." | false | null | null | |
How many Alabama football players have won the Heisman? | The Alabama Crimson Tide football program has produced four Heisman trophy winners. The first Crimson Tide player to win the Heisman was running back Mark Ingram II in 2009. Running back Derrick Henry won the Heisman trophy in 2015. Alabama had back-to-back Heisman trophy winners in 2020 and 2021, DeVonta Smith and Bry... | The Alabama Crimson Tide football program represents the University of Alabama (variously Alabama, UA, or Bama) in the sport of American football. The team competes in the Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) and the Western Division of the Southeastern Conference (SEC)... | false | null | null |
What do they evaluate in their paper? | Gender bias in Relation Extraction (RE) models. |
With the wealth of information being posted online daily, Relation Extraction (RE) has become increasingly important. RE aims specifically to extract relations from raw sentences and represent them as succinct relation tuples of the form (head, relation, tail). An example is (Barack Obama, spouse, Michelle Obama).
The... | false | 263 | null |
What is a personalized sales email? | A personalized sales email is an email written to a specific person at a company. This type of email is tailored to a prospective customer in a way that touches upon why you are reaching out to that person and why you are reaching out to that person right now. An initial personalized email aims to spark interest in pot... | false | null | null | |
How is the intensity of the PTSD established? | defined into four categories from high risk, moderate risk, to low risk | There are many clinically validated PTSD assessment tools that are being used both to detect the prevalence of PTSD and its intensity among sufferers. Among all of the tools, the most popular and well accepted one is Domain-Specific Risk-Taking (DOSPERT) Scale BIBREF15. This is a psychometric scale that assesses risk t... | false | null | 2003.07433 |
How do you make a Negroni? | Here is how to make a Negroni cocktail:
Ingredients:
- Gin
- Campari
- Sweet Vermouth
- Orange peel
- Ice for mixing
- Ice for serving; Single large ice "rock" generally preferred
Bar tools needed:
- Mixing glass
- Mixing spoon
- Strainer
- Glass for serving; preferably a cocktail tumbler style glass
Making the cock... | false | null | null | |
What are some highlights of Lionel Messi's career goals? | He is his country's all-time top scorer with 102 goals in 174 international appearances. He also is the South American male with most goals, surpassing Pelé's 77 goals. He also was the youngest-ever scorer for Argentina at a Fifa World Cup. He has scored nine international hat-tricks, and scored five times in a match f... | Lionel Messi is an Argentine professional footballer who has represented the Argentina national football team as a forward since his debut in 2005. Since then, Messi has scored 102 goals in 174 international appearances, making him the country's all-time top scorer; he surpassed Gabriel Batistuta's record of 54 goals w... | false | null | null |
Identify which instrument is string or percussion: Erxian, Alfaia | Erxian is string, Alfaia is percussion. | false | null | null | |
Tell me whether these animals are a canine or a feline: French Bulldog, Siamese Cat, Sharpei | The french bulldog is a canine, the Siamese Cat is a feline and the Sharpei is a canine. | false | null | null | |
Does the semi-supervised learning framework for text classification further improve the performance of AC-BLSTM? | Yes, it does. | Deep neural models recently have achieved remarkable results in computer vision BIBREF0 , BIBREF1 , BIBREF2 , BIBREF3 , and a range of NLP tasks such as sentiment classification BIBREF4 , BIBREF5 , BIBREF6 , and question-answering BIBREF7 . Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and recurrent neural networks (RNNs) espec... | false | 358 | null |
Why are pulse tools used in product assembly over impact wrenches? | Pulse tools are used for product assembly because they have reactionless tightening and are able to reduce noise levels | Impact wrenches are widely used in many industries, such as automotive repair, heavy equipment maintenance, product assembly, major construction projects, and any other instance where a high torque output is needed. For product assembly, a pulse tool is commonly used, as it features a reactionless tightening while redu... | false | null | null |
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