question stringlengths 4 11.7k | answer stringlengths 1 26k | evidence stringlengths 0 37.7k | yes_no bool 2
classes | paper_index int64 0 519 ⌀ | paper_id stringclasses 846
values |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
How is the sequence of slot value pairs embedding encoded? | They use a 1-layer, Bidirectional LSTM (Bi-LSTM) to encode the sequence of slotvalue pairs embedding. | The slots and values are separated parameters used in the encoder side. This embeds the source information into a vector representation $\textbf {z}_{i}$ which is a concatenation of embedding vector representation of each slot-value pair, and is computed by:
$$\textbf {z}_{i} = \textbf {u}_{i} \oplus \textbf {v}_{i}$$... | false | 159 | null |
How does explicit constraint on the KL divergence term that authors propose looks like? | Answer with content missing: (Formula 2) Formula 2 is an answer:
\big \langle\! \log p_\theta({x}|{z}) \big \rangle_{q_\phi({z}|{x})} - \beta |D_{KL}\big(q_\phi({z}|{x}) || p({z})\big)-C| | Given the above interpretation, we now turn to a slightly different formulation of ELBO based on $\beta $-VAE BIBREF15. This allows control of the trade-off between the reconstruction and KL terms, as well as to set explicit KL value. While $\beta $-VAE offers regularizing the ELBO via an additional coefficient $\beta ... | false | null | 1909.13668 |
What should I do if water is dripping from the ceiling inside my house? | The first task is to figure out if the leak is coming from inside of your pipes or from external moisture like rain. If the leak only happens when it is raining, then shut off the main water supply and see if the leak still happens. If yes, then it is likely from rain. If it has been sunny and dry for a week and you... | false | null | null | |
Tell me when Silvio Berlusconi was born, how long has he been Prime Minister in Italy and what his nickname is | Silvio Berlusconi was born on September 29, 1936 and has been in charge as Prime Minister in Italy for a total of 9 years (from 1994 to 1995, 2001 to 2006 and 2008 to 2011). His nickname is Il Cavaliere (The Knight) because he was awarded the Order of Merit for Labour, which is an Italian order of chivalry awarded to t... | Silvio Berlusconi (/ˌbɛərlʊˈskoʊni/ BAIR-luu-SKOH-nee; Italian: [ˈsilvjo berluˈskoːni] (listen); born 29 September 1936) is an Italian media tycoon and politician who served as Prime Minister of Italy in four governments from 1994 to 1995, 2001 to 2006 and 2008 to 2011. He was a member of the Chamber of Deputies from 1... | false | null | null |
Why is customer obsession important | Customer obsession is important to acquire new and maintain customer account and customer account growth over time. It helps to create trust with customers and build lasting relationships with them. When the customer says we only want to work with a single person who they have a relationship with this enables that pe... | false | null | null | |
From the passage provided, extract which companies are local to Seattle which led to its development. Separate them with a comma. | Boeing, Microsoft, Amazon, Alaska Airlines | Logging was Seattle's first major industry, but by the late 19th century, the city had become a commercial and shipbuilding center as a gateway to Alaska during the Klondike Gold Rush. Growth after World War II was partially due to the local Boeing company, which established Seattle as a center for aircraft manufacturi... | false | null | null |
How many category tags are considered? | 14 categories | FLOAT SELECTED: Figure 5. The results are split for category and version of MDVC. The number of samples per category is given in parenthesis. The METEOR axis is cut up to the random performance level (7.16).
FLOAT SELECTED: Figure 5. The results are split for category and version of MDVC. The number of samples per cate... | false | null | 2003.07758 |
I strongly believe in having a growth mindset and being a lifelong learner. However, I am a very busy person and I always find it hard to find time in the day to dedicate to educating myself on a variety of topics. I would love to read more, but I simply don't have the time to be able to do this today regularly. What a... | Time management is very hard for many people. Having a growth mindset is a fantastic way to continue to better yourself through all of life's troubles and tribulations. Here are a few ways that you can educate yourself either on the go, or with minimal time commitment:
1. TED (and TEDx) Talks - TED Talks are popular v... | false | null | null | |
“Social Distancing” refers to keeping a safe distance of | About 3 to 6 feet from others | false | null | null | |
Why do oceans have salt water but rivers have fresh water? | The water in rivers comes from rain. Rainwater does not have any salt in it. The river picks up a small amount of salt from the ground as it travels downhill. The salt enters the ocean at the river's mouth. The saltwater mixture becomes saltier as water evaporates. | false | null | null | |
Given this paragraph about the prehistory of Sri Lanka, what are the evidence for prehistoric human colonization in Sri Lanka? | The oldest prehistoric evidence of human colonization in Sri Lanka goes back to about 125,000 years to a man named Balangoda Man. He was a Mesolithic hunter-gatherer who lived in caves. Furthermore, human remains dating back to 6000 BCE have also been found in several cites in the country. | Evidence of human colonization in Sri Lanka appears at the site of Balangoda. Balangoda Man arrived on the island about 125,000 years ago and has been identified as Mesolithic hunter-gatherers who lived in caves. Several of these caves, including the well-known Batadombalena and the Fa Hien Cave, have yielded many arti... | false | null | null |
What is the size of the corpus? | The answers are shown as follows:
* 8.1 million scientific documents
* 154K computer science articles
* 622K citing sentences
| For source and cited documents, we use English-language computer science articles and annotation from the S2-GORC dataset BIBREF7. S2-GORC is a large citation graph dataset which includes full texts of 8.1 million scientific documents. We select a subset of 154K computer science articles as our corpus. From these, we e... | false | null | 2002.00317 |
What is the national day of Germany? | The National Day of Germany is called German Unity Day. It is celebrated on 3 October as a public holiday. This day commemorates the reunification of West and East Germany after which since the end of second world war in 1945, Federal Republic of Germany existed as a single German state. | false | null | null | |
Identify which instrument is string or woodwind: Clavinet, Ocarina | Ocarina is woodwind, Clavinet is string. | false | null | null | |
The authors argue that "the adaptive learning rate scheme is to prevent catastrophic forgetting", but the average accuracy maybe is a more important metric？ | We consider that both average acc and the forgetting metric matters. By considering only average acc, we can underestimate the forgetting by reaching the high performance on the current task. Even if our method shows slightly lower value on average acc, we can observe that our algorithm shows the better perfomance on t... | The following tables show our main experimental result, which is averaged over 5 runs. We denote the number of example per class per task at the top of each column. Overall, NCCL variants outperforms baseline methods especially in the forgetting metric. Our goal is to demonstrate the usefulness of the adaptive learning... | false | 503 | null |
how much was the parameter difference between their model and previous methods? | The answers are shown as follows:
* our model requires 100k parameters , while BIBREF8 requires 250k parameters
| On the SR dataset, we outperform BIBREF8 's text based model by 3 F1 points, while just falling short of the Text + Metadata Interleaved Training model. While we appreciate the potential added value of metadata, we believe a tweet-only classifier has merits because retrieving features from the social graph is not alway... | false | null | 1809.10644 |
Which characters belong to DC or Marvel Universe? Doctor Strange, Dr. Fate | Dr. Fate is DC, Doctor Strange is Marvel | false | null | null | |
Summarize The Innovator's Dilemma in a few sentence | The Innovator's Dilemma: When New Technologies Cause Great Firms to Fail, first published in 1997, is the best-known work of the Harvard professor and businessman Clayton Christensen. It expands on the concept of disruptive technologies, a term he coined in a 1995 article "Disruptive Technologies: Catching the Wave". I... | It describes how large incumbent companies lose market share by listening to their customers and providing what appears to be the highest-value products, but new companies that serve low-value customers with poorly developed technology can improve that technology incrementally until it is good enough | false | null | null |
The BCG vaccine has proved quite effective against which infection | SAR infection | false | null | null | |
I want to take a skiing vacation. Which of the following countries would be suitable for doing this: Switzerland, Cyprus, Kiribati, the United States, Haiti. | Switzerland and the United States are suitable as skiing destinations. Both countries have mountainous areas with world-renowned ski resorts. The United States boasts skiing locations in multiple states, including Colorado, California, and Utah. Switzerland also has some of the most popular ski locations in the worl... | false | null | null | |
What's the result of a fragment-level task? | The fragment-level task proved to be much more challenging, with lower absolute scores, but most teams still managed to outperform the baseline. | We have described the NLP4IF@EMNLP-IJCNLP 2019 shared task on fine-grained propaganda identification. We received 25 and 12 submissions on the test set for the sentence-level classification and the fragment-level classification tasks, respectively. Overall, the sentence-level task was easier and most submitted systems ... | false | 32 | null |
What do Logan, Ororo, Charles, Jean, and Scott have in common? | They are all X-Men. | false | null | null | |
What is a bank run? | To understand a bank run you have to first understand how a bank works. Banks take deposits from customers and agree to return the deposits at any time. However instead of charging a fee for storing the money, banks make a profit by investing the deposits, either by lending then out to businesses that need loans or by ... | false | null | null | |
How do you make brisket on a pellet smoker? | First you need to prepare your pellet smoker by adding pellets and setting the temperature to 200 degrees Fahrenheit. It is common to use oak, mesquite, hickory and pecan pellets. Next you will need to trim and season your brisket. It is common to use mustard as a binder for your seasoning but is not required. Comm... | false | null | null | |
Extract the islands that are part of the Madeira and Savage Islands archipelagos in Portugal. Separate them with a comma. | Madeira, Porto Santo, Desertas, Savage Islands | The archipelago includes the islands of Madeira, Porto Santo, and the Desertas, administered together with the separate archipelago of the Savage Islands. | false | null | null |
Do they report results only on English data? | Yes. | FLOAT SELECTED: Figure 3: Example from the cQA forum dataset.
FLOAT SELECTED: Figure 3: Example from the cQA forum dataset. | true | null | 1710.00341 |
Identify which animal is domesticated or wild: Western honey bee, European honey bee, Chinese honey bee, Japanese honey bee, Indian honey bee | Western honey bee is domesticated, European honey bee, Chinese honey bee, Japanese honey bee, and Indian honey bee are wild. | false | null | null | |
What is it called when a river of water falls off a cliff and creates a shower? | A waterfall | false | null | null | |
write a short essay on murals in jersey city | Jersey City is known for its vibrant street art scene, with murals adorning walls throughout the city. These murals not only add beauty and character to the city, but also serve as a form of public art that is accessible to everyone.
The murals in Jersey City come in all shapes and sizes, with a variety of themes and ... | false | null | null | |
Identify which instrument is string or percussion: Cultrun, Kora | Kora is string, Cultrun is percussion. | false | null | null | |
From Figure 3, KD is defined for remaining classes only, but why does the KD loss also include restricted classes? | We apologize for this confusion. However, Figure 3. is correct. We simply wanted to show that the KD loss is applied to only the logits corresponding to the remaining classes for the training examples from both excluded and non-excluded classes. We used curly brackets to highlight that the KD loss preserves the logits ... | Where, M(#)[Cne] and Mo(#)[Cne] refer to the output logits corresponding to the remaining classes produced by M and Mo, respectively. # can be either xei or xnej. Lekd and Lnekd refer to knowledge distillation-based regularization loss for the examples from the excluded and non-excluded classes, respectively. Lkd refer... | false | 510 | null |
Which of these artists can be considered yacht rock? Hall and Oates, Journey, the Doobie Brothers, Prince, the Artist formerly known as Prince, Foghat, The Grateful Dead, the Little River Band, Christopher Cross, Van Halen, Fleetwood Mac, Kenny Loggins, Twisted Sister, Toto. | The following artists can be considered yacht rock: Hall and Oates, the Doobie Brothers, Foghat, The Little River Band, Christopher Cross, Kenny Loggins, Toto. | false | null | null | |
What color is Lavendar? | Lavender is a light shade of purple or violet. | Lavender is a light shade of purple or violet. It applies particularly to the color of the flower of the same name. The web color called lavender is displayed at right—it matches the color of the very palest part of the lavender flower; however, the more saturated color shown below as floral lavender more closely match... | false | null | null |
what is the date when the declaration of independence was written? | July 4th 1776 | false | null | null | |
Please give me a short bulleted list of key points about Ethiopia? | - Ethiopia is one of the older countries in Africa.
- In the first century AD the Aksumite Kingdom rose to power in the Tigray Region with its capital at Aksum
- During the early Solomonic period, Ethiopia went through military reforms and imperial expansion | Ethiopia is one of the oldest countries in Africa, the emergence of Ethiopian civilization dates back thousands of years. Due to migration and imperial expansion, it grew to include many other primarily Afro-Asiatic-speaking communities, including Amhara, Oromos, Somalis, Tigray, Afars, Sidama, Gurage, Agaw and Harari,... | false | null | null |
Which clustering method do they use to cluster city description embeddings? | The answers are shown as follows:
* We devise a simple clustering algorithm to approximate this process. First, we initialize with random cluster assignments and define “cluster strength” to be the relative difference between “intra-group” Euclidean distance and “inter-group” Euclidean distance. Then, we iteratively p... | Given 55 city representations, how do we group them into eleven clusters of five cities each? Initially, we experimented with a graph-based community detection algorithm that maximizes cluster modularity BIBREF20 , but we found no simple way to constrain this method to produce a specific number of equally-sized cluster... | false | null | 1904.08386 |
What are hoagies, or sub sandwiches called in the state of Rhode Island? | In the state of Rhode Island, these types of sandwiches are called grinders. | false | null | null | |
Write a dplyr statement takes a dataframe, filters it by the tastiness string column for "super awesome" then creates a new column called pct_sugar that takes the total_sugar metric and divides it by mass | library(dplyr)
dataframe %>%
filter(tastiness == "super awesome") %>%
mutate(pct_sugar, total_sugar/mass) | false | null | null | |
What is the origin of the western numeral system? | The western numeral system that we use today, and that is represented by the numbers 0 through 10, is also called European digits, Arabic numerals, or Hindu-Arabic numerals. The reason that it is linked to the Middle East is that in the 10th century, Arabic speakers introduced the system into Europe. However these num... | false | null | null | |
who of the following are not soccer players from Argentina: Diego Armando Maradona, Lionel Messi, Alfredo Di Stefano, Mario Alberto Kempes, and Mauro Camoranesi? | Mauro Camoranesi. He was born in Argentina. He moved to Italy and played for Juventus. He get both Italian citizenship and Argentina citizenship. And he chose Italy and represented the team and won World cup in 2006. | false | null | null | |
What are the differences in the use of images between gang member and the rest of the Twitter population? | The answers are shown as follows:
* user holds or points weapons, is seen in a group fashion which displays a gangster culture, or is showing off graffiti, hand signs, tattoos and bulk cash
| In our profile verification process, we observed that most gang member profiles portray a context representative of gang culture. Some examples of these profile pictures are shown in Figure FIGREF32 , where the user holds or points weapons, is seen in a group fashion which displays a gangster culture, or is showing off... | false | null | 1610.09516 |
Who is the current king of the Netherlands | The current king of the Netherlands is Willem-Alexander. He is the second son of King Willem-Alexander and Queen Maxima. He ascended the throne on April 30, 2013, following the abdication of his father. | false | null | null | |
What is Chardonnay? | Chardonnay (UK: /ˈʃɑːrdəneɪ/, US: /ˌʃɑːrdənˈeɪ/, French: [ʃaʁdɔnɛ] (listen)) is a green-skinned grape variety used in the production of white wine. The Chardonnay grape itself is neutral, with many of the flavors commonly associated with the wine being derived from such influences as terroir and oak. It is vinified in ... | Chardonnay (UK: /ˈʃɑːrdəneɪ/, US: /ˌʃɑːrdənˈeɪ/, French: [ʃaʁdɔnɛ] (listen)) is a green-skinned grape variety used in the production of white wine. The variety originated in the Burgundy wine region of eastern France, but is now grown wherever wine is produced, from England to New Zealand. For new and developing wine r... | false | null | null |
How do you know if you reached product market fit? | Product market fit, a term used by the startups ecosystem to identify if they have a product that satisfies a need for a number of customers for a problem they are currently facing. There is not a single unit of measurement if a startup reached product market fit or not. One of the ways to measure product market fit is... | false | null | null | |
Is it true that Lewis Hamilton won the championship in his first F1 season? | Lewis Hamilton did not win the F1 world driver's championship in his rookie season in 2007. The title went to Kimi Räikkönen in the Ferrari team. Hamilton finished runner up, in second place, after a close battle with both Ferrari and his teammate Fernando Alonso. | Hamilton's first season in Formula One saw him partner two-time and defending World Champion Fernando Alonso. Hamilton is the first and, as of 2022, the only black driver to race in the series. After finishing on the podium in his debut, Hamilton went on to set several records as he finished runner-up in the 2007 World... | false | null | null |
Identify which instrument is string or woodwind: Bass guitar, Duduk | Bass guitar is string, Duduk is woodwind. | false | null | null | |
What is Original Joe's restaurant and where are they located? | Original Joe's is a duo of restaurants in the North Beach neighborhood of San Francisco and the Westlake neighborhood of Daly City. | Original Joe's is a duo of restaurants in the North Beach neighborhood of San Francisco and the Westlake neighborhood of Daly City. They serve a wide variety of foods, mostly Italian-American cuisine with some mainstream American favorites. Their "signature" dishes include Joe's Special, Chicken Parmigiana, the Joe's F... | false | null | null |
How many documents are in the Indiscapes dataset? | 508 | FLOAT SELECTED: TABLE III: Scripts in the INDISCAPES dataset.
FLOAT SELECTED: TABLE III: Scripts in the INDISCAPES dataset. | false | null | 1912.07025 |
How many cents do I have if I have 3 dollars and a dime? | If you have 3 dollars and a dime, you have 310 cents in total. | false | null | null | |
Extract the names of the ramen. separate them with comma. | Shio, Shoyu, Miso, Kare | Shio (塩, 'salt') ramen is the oldest of the four types. It has a pale, clear, yellowish broth made with plenty of salt and any combination of chicken, vegetables, fish, and seaweed. Occasionally pork bones are also used, but they are not boiled as long as they are for tonkotsu ramen, so the soup remains light and clear... | false | null | null |
Who are the big six in EPL? | Arsenal, Liverpool, Manchester United, Chelsea, Manchester City and Tottenham are known as the big six in the English Premier League. | The years following 2009 marked a shift in the structure of the "Top Four" with Tottenham Hotspur and Manchester City both breaking into the top four places on a regular basis, turning the "Top Four" into the "Big Six". In the 2009–10 season, Tottenham finished fourth and became the first team to break the top four sin... | false | null | null |
What experimental results suggest that using less than 50% of the available training examples might result in overfitting? | The answers are shown as follows:
* consistent increase in the validation loss after about 15 epochs
| On the right side of Figure FIGREF28 we show how the number of training (and validation) examples affects the loss. For a fixed INLINEFORM0 = 32768 we varied the amount of data used for training from 25% to 100%. Three trends are apparent. As we train with more data, we obtain better validation losses. This was expecte... | false | null | 1709.00947 |
When was George Washington born? | George Washington was born on February 22, 1732. | George Washington was born on February 22, 1732, at Popes Creek in Westmoreland County, in the British colony of Virginia, and was the first of six children of Augustine and Mary Ball Washington. | false | null | null |
Why is Arizona the best state to live in? | Arizona is the best state to live in for numerous reasons. First, the tax situation is highly advantageous with a 2.55 percent flat state tax on all income. Second, the weather is incredible for 7-8 months per year, especially if you like the heat. The cost of living is relatively average and there are many growing, yo... | false | null | null | |
What is Human-And-Model-in-the-Loop Enabled Training (HAMLET) proposed by the authors? | It is a training procedure to automatically mitigate problems with current dataset collection procedures. | To paraphrase the great bard BIBREF21, there is something rotten in the state of the art. We propose Human-And-Model-in-the-Loop Entailment Training (HAMLET), a training procedure to automatically mitigate problems with current dataset collection procedures (see Figure FIGREF1).
In our setup, our starting point is a ba... | false | 92 | null |
Write an email to a friend you haven't seen in a long time telling them about your move to California | Dear Florence -
I hope you are doing well. It was such a joy to get your letter in the mail. I normally just get a lot of junk mail and bills. I am happy to hear you've settled into your new home and things in general are going well for you.
I wanted to write you back to tell you about my move to California! The mo... | false | null | null | |
Based on the following passage, create a list os when schools close and resume in England and Wales, Scotland and Canada. | 1. In England and Wales, school ends in mid-July and resumes again in early September.
2. In Scotland, the summer holiday begins in late June and ends in mid-to late-August.
3. In Canada the summer holiday starts on the last or second-last Friday in June and ends in late August or on the first Tuesday of September, w... | Schools and universities typically have a summer break to take advantage of the warmer weather and longer days. In almost all countries, children are out of school during this time of year for summer break, although dates vary. Many families will take holidays for a week or two over summer, particularly in Southern Hem... | false | null | null |
Write a few paragraphs on the Smoky Mountains in the United States, and why it is a nice vacation spot. | The Smoky Mountains are located in Tennessee and North Carolina, and constitute a portion of the Appalachian Mountains along the mid-east of the United States. The Smoky Mountains boasts a wide variety of rich and diverse plant and animal life, which draws tourists from around the world. Outdoor activities in the Smo... | false | null | null | |
What are some popular open source products used for data analytics? | Apache Spark, MLFlow, and Delta Lake are popular open source products used to build Data Lakehouses. | false | null | null | |
What aspects have been compared between various language models? | Quality measures using perplexity and recall, and performance measured using latency and energy usage. | For each model, we examined word-level perplexity, R@3 in next-word prediction, latency (ms/q), and energy usage (mJ/q). To explore the perplexity–recall relationship, we collected individual perplexity and recall statistics for each sentence in the test set.
For each model, we examined word-level perplexity, R@3 in ne... | false | null | 1811.00942 |
Extract the causes of income inequality in the United States mentioned in the text. Separate them with a comma. | The text lists the following as causes of income inequality in the United States: decline of labor unions, globalization, skill-biased technological change, superstars, financialization, immigration of less-educated workers, college premium, automation, public policy, corporatism and corpocracy, female labor force part... | According to CBO (and others), the precise reasons for the rapid growth in income at the top are not well understood",: xi but involved multiple, possibly conflicting, factors.: xi
Causes include:
decline of labor unions – Unions weakened in part due to globalization and automation may account for one-third to mor... | false | null | null |
What plan do they have for the future? | They plan to explore how EqEmb could be expend to represent other objects such as images, captions and inline figures. | We presented unsupervised approaches for semantic representations of mathematical equations using their surrounding words. Across 4 different collections we showed that out methods offer more effective modeling compared to existing embedding models. We also demonstrate that they can capture the semantic similarity betw... | false | 50 | null |
How much of the ASR grapheme set is shared between languages? | Little overlap except common basic Latin alphabet and that Hindi and Marathi languages use same script. | The character sets of these 7 languages have little overlap except that (i) they all include common basic Latin alphabet, and (ii) both Hindi and Marathi use Devanagari script. We took the union of 7 character sets therein as the multilingual grapheme set (Section SECREF2), which contained 432 characters. In addition, ... | false | null | 1909.06522 |
What's loquat fruit and where does it originate from? | The loquat (Eriobotrya japonica) is a large evergreen shrub or tree, grown commercially for its orange fruit and for its leaves, which are used to make herbal tea. It is also cultivated as an ornamental plant.
The loquat is in the family Rosaceae, and is native to the cooler hill regions of south-central China. In Jap... | false | null | null | |
Which notable person having surname Liebers in this list was born first? | Mario Liebers | Liebers is a German language surname. Notable people with the name include:
Mario Liebers (born 1960), German former competitive figure skater
Martin Liebers (born 1985), German former competitive figure skater
Matthias Liebers (born 1958), former German footballer
Peter Liebers (born 1988), German former figure skate... | false | null | null |
What is the difference between longboard and shortboard surfing? | Surfing is a water sport in which the "surfer" stands on top of a board, and glides on top of a wave, typically riding with the wave from ocean to shore. The sport is typically divided into longboarding or shortboarding, although mid-length boards to exist. Longboarding is the original form of surfing, and typically re... | false | null | null | |
When the Recognizing Textual Entailment (RTE) challenges first appeared? | In 2004. | The Recognizing Textual Entailment (RTE) challenges first appeared in 2004 as a means to test textual entailment, i.e. relations between a premise text and a hypothesis text ( "Recognizing Textual Entailment" ):
An entailment example from RTE1.
Budapest again became the focus of national political drama in the late 198... | false | 377 | null |
What's the best piece of advice you ever received? | You cannot learn everything about the world, but does it mean you should stop trying. | false | null | null | |
What are the applications of game theory in NBA basketball? | Game theory studies the strategic interaction of rationale agents. The National Basketball Association (NBA) is the world's premier basketball league, which includes 30 teams across the United States and Canada. An example of game theory in the NBA is the "modern NBA", in which teams play stretch 4s (Power Forwards) an... | false | null | null | |
Give me a short summary of the Industrial Revolution | The Industrial Revolution began in Great Britain, continental Europe and the United States. It moved production from human intensive to mechanization. It covered the period from about 1760 to 1820-1840. It was a huge advancement that is matched only with humanity's adoption of agriculture and domestication of animals. | The Industrial Revolution was the transition to new manufacturing processes in Great Britain, continental Europe, and the United States, that occurred during the period from around 1760 to about 1820–1840. This transition included going from hand production methods to machines; new chemical manufacturing and iron produ... | false | null | null |
What is the purpose of operating a motor vehicle? | The purpose of operating a motor vehicle is to get from point A to point B without incident, regardless of whose fault it might be. | false | null | null | |
Who is the best golfer in the world? | The number one golfer in the official world golf rankings changes often and is determined by the OWGR scoring system. It is widely agreed upon that Tiger Woods is the best golfer ever to play the game, winning 15 major championships in an era with elite competition. Jack Nicklaus won 18 major championships but the comp... | false | null | null | |
Which two approaches do the authors use in the project? | Transformer based architectures: BERT and Transformer-XL. | The goal of an language model is to assign meaningful probabilities to a sequence of words. Given a set of tokens $\mathbf {X}=(x_1,....,x_T)$, where $T$ is the length of a sequence, our task is to estimate the joint conditional probability $P(\mathbf {X})$ which is
were $(x_{1}, \ldots , x_{i-1})$ is the context. An I... | false | 145 | null |
Identify which instrument is string or woodwind: Octofone, Suona | Octofone is string, Suona is woodwind. | false | null | null | |
Classify the following types of cars as "economy" or "luxury": Ford, Chevrolet, Lamborghini, Ferrari, Mercedes, Honda, Lexus, Toyota, Nissan, Subaru | Ford, Chevrolet, Honda, Toyota, and Subaru are high-quality car brands, but are generally not considered to be "luxury" brands. Lamborghini, Ferrari, Mercedes, and Lexus are luxury brands. | false | null | null | |
Identify which instrument is string or percussion: Talking drum, Tambura | Tambura is string, Talking drum is percussion. | false | null | null | |
Who is the antagonist on The X-Files? | There are many antagonists on The X-Files, but the most long-running individual antagonist is The Cigarette Smoking Man (CSM) also known as C.G.B. Spender. He was primarily responsible for orchestrating conspiracies. He was a member of "The Syndicate," which was a mysterious shadow government group that covered up the ... | false | null | null | |
Write an friendly, convincing e-mail to my landlord asking whether I can get a dog. | I am writing to you today to request permission to get a dog into the unit. As current, responsible tenants, we'd like to make every effort to assure you we will not be bothered.
We would like to set up a time to discuss the conditions you have to qualify us as pet owners. At that time, we are happy to discuss any fin... | false | null | null | |
What type of simulations of real-time data feeds are used for validaton? | The answers are shown as follows:
* simplified set of input data, in a variety of different formats that occur frequently in a healthcare setting
| To support future large-scale operations, a multi-protocol message passing system was used for inter-module communication. This modular design also allows different components to be swapped out seamlessly, provided they continue to communicate via the expected interface. Routines were developed to simulate input data b... | false | null | 1912.00423 |
What online text resources are used to test binomial lists? | The answers are shown as follows:
* news publications, wine reviews, and Reddit
| The present work: Binomials in large-scale online text. In this work, we use data from large-scale Internet text corpora to study binomials at a massive scale, drawing on text created by millions of users. Our approach is more wholesale than prior work - we focus on all binomials of sufficient frequency, without first ... | false | null | 2003.03612 |
What is a CPT as it relates to Healthcare? | A CPT is an acronym for Common Procedural Terminology and it is a standard for billing in the medical industry. For example, CPT code 77427 is for radiation treatment management and is billed once per five treatment sessions regardless of the actual time period in which the services are furnished. The services need not... | false | null | null | |
What are the baselines? | The answers are shown as follows:
* Title-to-Story system
| The Title-to-Story system is a baseline, which generates directly from topic.
The Title-to-Story system is a baseline, which generates directly from topic. | false | null | 1904.02357 |
Should I go to the beach or mountains for my next vacation? | We have vacation homes in many locations to fit your needs! You can enjoy warmer temperatures at the beach with beautiful sunsets across the water. Go for a run on the sand and stop by the many local shops and boutiques as you mingle through the day. Are you an adventure seeker? If so, check out our mountain rental hom... | false | null | null | |
Does the base model for each round perform well on that round's test set? | No, it doesn't. | Table TABREF13 reports the main results. In addition to BERT BIBREF10 and RoBERTa BIBREF25, we also include XLNet BIBREF30 as an example of a strong, but different, model architecture. We show test set performance on the ANLI test sets per round, the total ANLI test set, and the exclusive test subset (examples from tes... | false | 92 | null |
What is the task-specific composition function used to do? | To obtain the task-specific representation of a text sequence. | Deep learning models have been widely used in many natural language processing (NLP) tasks. A major challenge is how to design and learn the semantic composition function while modeling a text sequence. The typical composition models involve sequential BIBREF0 , BIBREF1 , convolutional BIBREF2 , BIBREF3 , BIBREF4 and s... | false | 326 | null |
What kind of method it is? | A method that combines multilingual modeling and domain adaptation. | Neural machine translation (NMT) BIBREF0 , BIBREF1 , BIBREF2 has enabled end-to-end training of a translation system without needing to deal with word alignments, translation rules, and complicated decoding algorithms, which are the characteristics of phrase-based statistical machine translation (PBSMT) BIBREF3 . Altho... | false | 62 | null |
What kind of dog should I get? | There are many dog breeds to choose from. Choosing a dog breed is a personal choice. Consider what kind of lifestyle you live and pick a dog that fits your lifestyle. For example, if you are allergic to dogs you may consider a poodle, or poodle mix as they tend to be hypoallergenic. | false | null | null | |
Why are people afraid of sharks? | Many people are afraid of sharks from irrational fear from media, and from losing control. Only about 80 humans are attacked by sharks each year, with a very low death rate. Galeophobia is the term used for being afraid of sharks. | false | null | null | |
What non autoregressive NMT models are used for comparison? | The answers are shown as follows:
* NAT w/ Fertility
* NAT-IR
* NAT-REG
* LV NAR
* CTC Loss
* CMLM
| We first conduct experiments to compare the performance of FlowSeq with strong baseline models, including NAT w/ Fertility BIBREF6, NAT-IR BIBREF7, NAT-REG BIBREF25, LV NAR BIBREF26, CTC Loss BIBREF27, and CMLM BIBREF8.
We first conduct experiments to compare the performance of FlowSeq with strong baseline models, incl... | false | null | 1909.02480 |
give me a list of ways to cool down | - drink a slushy
- take a cold shower
- dip in glacier water
- take your clothes off
- participate in a polar bear plunge
- stand very still
- take shelter under shade
- sit in front of a fan
- roll down the windows in a moving car | false | null | null | |
Which characters belong to DC or Marvel Universe? Nova Corps or Green Lantern Corps | Nova Corps is Marvel, Green Lantern Corps is DC | false | null | null | |
Why is it okay that we define unpredictability in terms of 1 step (e --> e+1) rather than all of the previous trials, in the order the trial occurred? | Like we said in our previous reply, no matter how many timesteps we use to define the unpredictability, the unpredictability would still decrease as the size of candidate set increases. Therefore, our conclusion still holds with a different number of time steps. | Language games were first introduced by to explore the meanings of language utterances. Instantiating this concept with the signalling game design from enables linguists to explore the emergence of linguistic structure where artificial languages are represented as symbolic systems. The success of deep learning (DL) mod... | false | 459 | null |
How many angels can dance on the head of a pin? | This exact question puzzled theologians for many hundreds of years, and led to many differing points of view. The issue with the question is that there is no correct answer- firstly, are angels real? If they are, how big are they? are they even able to dance? if they could dance, how much space would they need? Secondl... | false | null | null | |
What are the baselines? | The answers are shown as follows:
* MemN2N BIBREF12
* Attentive and Impatient Readers BIBREF6
| We compare our model with two sets of baselines:
MemN2N BIBREF12 is an end-to-end trainable version of memory networks BIBREF9 . It encodes question and evidence with a bag-of-word method and stores the representations of evidences in an external memory. A recurrent attention model is used to retrieve relevant informat... | false | null | 1607.06275 |
Based on this paragraph, what was the main focus of Mohammad Shah I's reign over his sultanate? | Mohammad was mainly focused on establishing law and order within his territory during his reign in order to remove thieves and robbers. | When Mohammad inherited the newly born sultanate from his father Alauddin, the land was still infested with thieves and robbers. As such he spent the entire part of his reign in establishing law in his land. He ordered his governors to never give refuge to anyone who defied his authority. This campaign was successful a... | false | null | null |
Who turned oil drums into steel drums for music? | Traditionally, West Indians | false | null | null | |
Why is the Chrysler Hemi V8 so legendary? | The Chrysler "Hemi" V8 are a series of American V8 internal combustion engines known for their simplicity, reliability, low cost, high power and torque output. Originally the Hemi was named for the Hemispherical shaped combustion chamber that increased power and efficiency. The very first Hemi engines were originally ... | false | null | null | |
Classify these vehicles by which go in the water or on land: dune buggy, cruise ship, pirate ship, bulldozer, submarine, sailboat, truck, car, ATV | Water: cruise ship, pirate ship, submarine, sailboat
Land: dune buggy, bulldozer, truck, car, ATV | false | null | null | |
Name five states in the USA that don't touch the ocean. | Five states in the USA that don't touch the ocean are Iowa, Illinois, Indiana, Ohio, and Utah. | false | null | null | |
What is Purchasing power parity (PPP)? | Purchasing power parity (PPP) is a measurement of the price of specific goods in different countries and is used to compare the absolute purchasing power of the countries' currencies. PPP is effectively the ratio of the price of a basket of goods at one location divided by the price of the basket of goods at a differen... | false | null | null |
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