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702 | 40,038 | A fast recursive algorithm for molecular dynamics simulation | Journal of Computational Physics | In this paper, we develop a recursive algorithm for solving the dynamical equations of motion for molecular systems. We make use of internal variable models which have been shown to reduce the computation times of molecular dynamics simulations by an order of magnitude when compared with Cartesian models. The O(N) algorithm described in this paper for solving the equations of motion provides additional significant improvements in computational speed. We make extensive use of the spatial operator methods which have been developed recently for the analysis and simulation of the dynamics of multibody systems. The spatial operators are used to derive the equations of motion and obtain an operator expression for the system mass matrix. An alternative square factorization of the mass matrix leads to a closed form expression for its inverse. From this follows the recursive algorithm for computing the generalized accelerations. The computational cost of this algorithm grows only linearly with the number of degrees of freedom. This is in contrast to conventional constrained dynamics algorithms whose cost is a cubic function of the number of degrees of freedom. For the case of a polypeptide molecule with 400 residues, the O(N) algorithm provides computational speedup by a factor of 450 over the conventional O(N<sup>3</sup>) algorithm. We also describe a simplified method for computing and handling the potential function gradients within the dynamics computations. © 1993 by Academic Press, Inc. | ["Jain A.", "Vaidehi N.", "Rodriguez G."] | ["7404463887", "6701403450", "7203006793"] | 1,993 | 149 | [] | 10.1016/S0021-9991(83)71106-X | Article | English | [{"id": "60031581", "name": "Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, United States", "fullName": "Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Pasadena, CA 91109, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, United States", "departmentId": null}, {"id": "60031581", "name": "A. A. Noyes Laboratory of Chemical Physics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, United States", "fullName": "A. A. Noyes Laboratory of Chemical Physics, California Institute of Technology", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "Pasadena, CA 91125, United States", "departmentId": "104603803"}] |
703 | 40,160 | Risk aversion and price risk in duality models of production: A linear mean-variance approach | American Journal of Agricultural Economics | A duality model of production is developed that permits risk aversion and price uncertainty. The linear mean-variance framework employed is tractable for empirical research, in contrast to duality models of risk based on a generalized expected utility function. The framework is more general than in standard price certainty models while retaining the simplicity needed for empirical research. © 1992 American Agricultural Economics Association. | ["Coyle B.T."] | ["7003596338"] | 1,992 | 46 | ["Duality", "Price uncertainty", "Production", "Risk"] | 10.2307/1243182 | Article | English | [{"id": "60009697", "name": "Department of Agricultural Economics and Farm Management, University of Manitoba, Canada", "fullName": "Department of Agricultural Economics and Farm Management, University of Manitoba", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Canada", "departmentId": "103528800"}] |
704 | 40,443 | On a FEM-BEM formulation for an exterior quasilinear problem in the plane | SIAM Journal on Numerical Analysis | We use a version of the FEM-BEM method introduced by Costabel [Boundary Elements IX, Vol. 1, C. A. Brebbia et al., eds., Springer-Verlag, 1987] and Han [J. Comput. Math., 8 (1990), pp. 223-232] to discretize an exterior quasilinear problem. We provide error estimates for the Galerkin method and propose a fully discrete scheme based on simple quadrature formulas. Furthermore, we show that these numerical integration schemes preserve the optimal rates of convergence. Finally, we present results of numerical experiments involving our discretization method. | ["Meddahi S.", "González M.", "Pérez P."] | ["6603920932", "57672359500", "55429484000"] | 2,000 | 14 | ["Boundary element", "Finite element", "Nonlinear problems"] | 10.1137/S0036142998335364 | Article | English | [{"id": "60006793", "name": "Departamento de Matemáticas, Universidad de Oviedo, 33007- Oviedo, Calvo Sotelo s/n, Spain", "fullName": "Departamento de Matemáticas, Universidad de Oviedo", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "33007- Oviedo, Calvo Sotelo s/n, Spain", "departmentId": "113540057"}] |
705 | 40,563 | Computer Generation of Coupled-Cluster Equations | International Journal of Quantum Chemistry | A Maple V computer program for obtaining conventional algebraic representations of coupled-cluster equations is described and its use illustrated. The program is available on the World Wide Web. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. | ["Harris F.E."] | ["7202257167"] | 1,999 | 18 | ["Coupled cluster", "Diagrams", "Maple", "Symbolic computation"] | 10.1002/(SICI)1097-461X(1999)75:4/5<593::AID-QUA24>3.0.CO;2-H | Article | English | [{"id": "60025488", "name": "Department of Physics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, United States", "fullName": "Department of Physics, University of Utah", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Salt Lake City, UT 84112, United States", "departmentId": "113419091"}, {"id": "60013959", "name": "Quantum Theory Project, Departments of Physics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, United States", "fullName": "Quantum Theory Project, Departments of Physics, University of Florida", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "Gainesville, FL 32611, United States", "departmentId": "107983416"}] |
706 | 40,577 | On estimation of the integrals of the fourth order cumulant spectral density | Biometrika | It is known that the asymptotic variance of a quasimaximum likelihood estimate for a non-Gaussian process contains certain integrals of the fourth order cumulant spectral density. If we apply the asymptotic theory we are required to estimate these integrals. Here we shall propose some operational consistent estimates for them. © 1982 Biometrika Trust. | ["Taniguchi M."] | ["16455691800"] | 1,982 | 31 | ["Consistent estimate", "Cumulant spectral density", "Periodogram", "Quasimaximum likelihood estimate", "Stationary process"] | 10.1093/biomet/69.1.117 | Article | English | [{"id": "60030788", "name": "Department of Applied Mathematics, Hiroshima University, Japan", "fullName": "Department of Applied Mathematics, Hiroshima University", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Japan", "departmentId": "104558510"}] |
707 | 40,594 | Spatio-temporal chaos: A solvable model | Physica D: Nonlinear Phenomena | A solvable coupled map lattice model exhibiting spatio-temporal chaos is studied. Exact expressions are obtained for the spectra of Lyapunov exponents as a function of the model parameters. Although the model has spatio-temporal structure, the time series measured at a single lattice site are shown to consist of independent, identically distributed samples for several values of the model parameters. For these parameter values, the spatial series measured at a fixed time also consist of independent, identically distributed samples. In these cases, the information dimension density is 1, but the information entropy density depends on the model parameters. Thus, the model is an example where the information entropy density can be obtained neither from a time series measured at a single lattice site nor from a spatial series measured at a fixed time. We conclude that in studying only a time series or a spatial series without any knowledge of the system, one could be easily led into thinking that there is no spatio-temporal structure. For a full characterization of the system, structure in time and space will have to be considered simultaneously. Copyright © 1997 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. | ["Diks C.", "Takens F.", "DeGoede J."] | ["56410743800", "6701501759", "6701779591"] | 1,997 | 6 | ["Dimension density", "Entropy density", "Spatio-temporal chaos", "Spectrum of Lyapunov exponents", "Time series analysis"] | 10.1016/S0167-2789(97)83386-6 | Article | English | [{"id": "60019816", "name": "Department of Physiology, University of Leiden, 2300 RC Leiden, PO Box 9604, Netherlands", "fullName": "Department of Physiology, University of Leiden", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "2300 RC Leiden, PO Box 9604, Netherlands", "departmentId": "109937165"}, {"id": "60010023", "name": "Department of Mathematics, University of Grogingen, 9700 AV Groningen, PO Box 800, Netherlands", "fullName": "Department of Mathematics, University of Grogingen", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "9700 AV Groningen, PO Box 800, Netherlands", "departmentId": "113466412"}] |
708 | 40,595 | The many facets of evolutionary dynamics | Journal of Biological Systems | In this note we present an outsider's view on the mathematical description of long term biological evolution as driven by natural selection. It is an outlook to the future, more than an account of what has been achieved so far. | ["Diekmann O."] | ["7003270905"] | 1,997 | 11 | ["ESS (Evolutionarily Stable Strategy)", "Invader", "Natural selection", "Resident", "Trait substitution sequence"] | 10.1142/S0218339097000205 | Article | English | [{"id": "60011575", "name": "CWI, 1090 GB Amsterdam, P.O. Box 94079, Netherlands", "fullName": "CWI", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "1090 GB Amsterdam, P.O. Box 94079, Netherlands", "departmentId": null}, {"id": "60019816", "name": "Inst. of Evol. and Ecol. Sciences, University of Leiden, 2311 GP Leiden, Kaiserstraat 63, Netherlands", "fullName": "Inst. of Evol. and Ecol. Sciences, University of Leiden", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "2311 GP Leiden, Kaiserstraat 63, Netherlands", "departmentId": null}, {"id": "60007989", "name": "Vakgroep Wiskunde, University of Utrecht, 3508 TA Utrecht, P.O. Box 80010, Netherlands", "fullName": "Vakgroep Wiskunde, University of Utrecht", "reference": "c", "fullAddress": "3508 TA Utrecht, P.O. Box 80010, Netherlands", "departmentId": "119738629"}] |
709 | 40,947 | Variational principle for the distribution function of the effective field for the random Ising model in the Bethe approximation | Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications | We study the random Ising model in the pair approximation of the cluster variation method. We show that the distribution function of the effective field is determined either by a reducibility condition of the distribution function of two sites to that of one site or by a stationarity condition of the averaged free energy. © 1979. | ["Morita T."] | ["22998506800"] | 1,979 | 56 | [] | 10.1016/0378-4371(79)90154-7 | Article | English | [{"id": "60008435", "name": "Department of Applied Science, Faculty of Engineering, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980, Japan", "fullName": "Department of Applied Science, Faculty of Engineering, Tohoku University", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Sendai, 980, Japan", "departmentId": "105248543"}] |
710 | 41,023 | Compressed polytopes, initial ideals and complete multipartite graphs | Illinois Journal of Mathematics | Convex polytopes arising from complete multipartite graphs and their toric ideals will be studied. First, it is proved that such toric ideals possess squarefree quadratic initial ideals. Second, we show that these convex polytopes are compressed and compute their f-vectors, Ehrhart polynomials and normalized volumes explicitly. Finally, all complete multipartite graphs which yield initial ideals coming from finite partially ordered sets will be classified. | ["Ohsugi H.", "Hibi T."] | ["6603816698", "35581362700"] | 2,000 | 31 | [] | 10.1215/ijm/1255984847 | Article | English | [{"id": "60024322", "name": "Department of Mathematics, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan", "fullName": "Department of Mathematics, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan", "departmentId": "110111472"}] |
711 | 41,206 | Hyperbolic Closed Characteristics on Compact Convex Smooth Hypersurfaces inR<sup>2n</sup> | Journal of Differential Equations | In this paper we prove that on every compactC<sup>2</sup>hypersurface inR<sup>2n</sup>bounding a convex set with non-empty interior, either there exists a sequence of variationally visible hyperbolic closed characteristcs with their minimal periods tending to infinity, or there exists at least one variationally visible nonhyperbolic closed characteristic. © 1998 Academic Press. | ["Long Y."] | ["56269400800"] | 1,998 | 22 | [] | 10.1006/jdeq.1998.3486 | Article | English | [{"id": "60018038", "name": "Nankai Institute of Mathematics, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China", "fullName": "Nankai Institute of Mathematics, Nankai University", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Tianjin, 300071, China", "departmentId": null}] |
712 | 41,303 | Addition of elemental selenium to phosphonate carbanions- - a key step in the synthesis of vinylphosphonates. A new synthetic approach to 1,4-dicarbonyl systems. | Tetrahedron Letters | A convenient synthesis of vinylphosphonates which involves addition of elemental selenium to phosphonate carbanions followed by alkylation and selenoxide elimination is described. A general approach to 1,4-dicarbonyl systems based on diethyl α-methylthiovinylphosphonate is also reported. © 1981. | ["Mikolajczyk M.", "Grzejszczak S.", "Korbacz K."] | ["7005218115", "15621966800", "24530601000"] | 1,981 | 36 | [] | 10.1016/S0040-4039(01)81837-2 | Article | English | [{"id": "60014383", "name": "Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Department of Organic Sulfur Compounds, Boczna 5, 90-362 Lodz, Poland", "fullName": "Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, Department of Organic Sulfur Compounds", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Boczna 5, 90-362 Lodz, Poland", "departmentId": "113953903"}] |
713 | 41,388 | Construction and initial operation of a proportional wire detector for use in a Cerenkov ring imaging system | IEEE Transactions on Nuclear Science | We report on the final version of the multiwire single electron detector for the Cerenkov ring imaging device at SLD. We describe recent R&D effort to define the design parameters; we describe the details of the geometry of the detector, and experimental tests with the detector itself. © 1988 IEEE | ["Va'vra J.", "Bienz T.", "Bird F.", "Gaillard M.", "Kwon Y.J.", "Leith D.", "Ratcliff B.", "Rensing P.", "Schultz D.", "Shapiro S.", "Toge N.", "Hallewell G."] | ["35228078500", "7004481978", "7006650360", "7101778254", "56419217900", "35227509300", "35227843300", "35315017200", "57212523103", "35395355800", "35352659900", "7003685030"] | 1,988 | 17 | [] | 10.1109/23.12771 | Article | English | [{"id": "60025590", "name": "Stanford Linear Accelerator Center, Stanford, CA 94305, P. O. Box 4349, United States", "fullName": "Stanford Linear Accelerator Center", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Stanford, CA 94305, P. O. Box 4349, United States", "departmentId": null}, {"id": "60073296", "name": "Lab. de L'Accelerateur Lineaire, F91405, Orsay, Cedex, Batiment 200, France", "fullName": "Lab. de L'Accelerateur Lineaire", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "F91405, Orsay, Cedex, Batiment 200, France", "departmentId": null}, {"id": "60024941", "name": "University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, United States", "fullName": "University of California", "reference": "c", "fullAddress": "Santa Cruz, CA 95064, United States", "departmentId": null}, {"id": "60029241", "name": "University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, United States", "fullName": "University of California", "reference": "d", "fullAddress": "Santa Barbara, CA 93106, United States", "departmentId": null}, {"id": "60025152", "name": "University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221, United States", "fullName": "University of Cincinnati", "reference": "e", "fullAddress": "Cincinnati, OH 45221, United States", "departmentId": null}, {"id": "60119141", "name": "Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08903, United States", "fullName": "Rutgers University", "reference": "f", "fullAddress": "New Brunswick, NJ 08903, United States", "departmentId": null}] |
714 | 41,417 | Neural Networks for Optimal Approximation of Smooth and Analytic Functions | Neural Computation | We prove that neural networks with a single hidden layer are capable of providing an optimal order of approximation for functions assumed to possess a given number of derivatives, if the activation function evaluated by each principal element satisfies certain technical conditions. Under these conditions, it is also possible to construct networks that provide a geometric order of approximation for analytic target functions. The permissible activation functions include the squashing function (1 + e<sup>-x</sup>)-1 as well as a variety of radial basis functions. Our proofs are constructive. The weights and thresholds of our networks are chosen independently of the target function; we give explicit formulas for the coefficients as simple, continuous, linear functionals of the target function. | ["Mhaskar H.N."] | ["7003728606"] | 1,996 | 170 | [] | 10.1162/neco.1996.8.1.164 | Article | English | [{"id": "60030759", "name": "Department of Mathematics, California State University, Los Angeles, CA 90032, United States", "fullName": "Department of Mathematics, California State University", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Los Angeles, CA 90032, United States", "departmentId": "104557640"}] |
715 | 41,473 | Distances between intuitionistic fuzzy sets | Fuzzy Sets and Systems | A geometrical representation of an intuitionistic fuzzy set is a point of departure for our proposal of distances between intuitionistic fuzzy sets. New definitions are introduced and compared with the approach used for fuzzy sets. It is shown that all three parameters describing intuitionistic fuzzy sets should be taken into account while calculating those distances. © 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved. | ["Szmidt E.", "Kacprzyk J."] | ["6603693412", "26643457100"] | 2,000 | 1,163 | ["Distance between intuitionistic fuzzy sets", "Fuzzy set", "Intuitionistic fuzzy set"] | 10.1016/S0165-0114(98)00244-9 | Article | English | [{"id": "60014383", "name": "Systems Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, 01-447 Warsaw, ul. Newelska 6, Poland", "fullName": "Systems Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "01-447 Warsaw, ul. Newelska 6, Poland", "departmentId": null}] |
716 | 41,477 | Reconstruction of elongated structures using ridge functions and natural pixels | Inverse Problems | In this work, reconstruction of elongated structures from a finite number of projections using ridge functions within the framework of parallel beam geometry is considered. Discretized versions of ridge functions, or natural pixels are used to obtain reconstruction from sampled data. Inversion formulae for both ray- and strip-based projection data are derived. Possibilities of detecting the direction of elongated structures from few projections and detecting the defects in regular textures are discussed. | ["Kazantsev I.G.", "Lemahieu I."] | ["7004394660", "7006325339"] | 2,000 | 9 | [] | 10.1088/0266-5611/16/2/317 | Article | English | [{"id": "60033316", "name": "ELIS Dept. of the University of Gent, B-9000 Gent, Saint-Pietersnieuwstraat 41, Belgium", "fullName": "ELIS Dept. of the University of Gent", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "B-9000 Gent, Saint-Pietersnieuwstraat 41, Belgium", "departmentId": null}, {"id": "60025485", "name": "Computing Center, Novosibirsk 630090, Russian Federation", "fullName": "Computing Center", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "Novosibirsk 630090, Russian Federation", "departmentId": null}] |
717 | 41,594 | Effect of a squeezed vacuum input on optical bistability | Physical Review A | We discuss the optical bistable behavior of a system of N two-level atoms pumped by a coherent input field and coupled to a squeezed vacuum field by treating the optical bistability of such a system as an input-output problem. We consider the equation of motion for atomic dipole moments, coupled to the cavity field and the squeezed vacuum, and the boundary condition connecting the input and output fields with the atomic lowering operator. A simple analytical expression for the influence of the squeezed vacuum input on the bistable behavior of the output field is derived by this method. The results indicate a strong influence of the squeezed vacuum input on optical bistability. The squeezed (stretched) vacuum input field tends to increase (decrease) the range of optical bistability. © 1995 The American Physical Society. | ["Bergou J.", "Zhao D."] | ["7003939158", "55475678000"] | 1,995 | 43 | [] | 10.1103/PhysRevA.52.1550 | Article | English | [{"id": "60007033", "name": "Department of Physics, Hunter College, City University of New York, New York, NY 10021, 695 Park Avenue, United States", "fullName": "Department of Physics, Hunter College, City University of New York", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "New York, NY 10021, 695 Park Avenue, United States", "departmentId": "103198689"}] |
718 | 41,767 | A note on "common due window scheduling" | Production and Operations Management | Kramer and Lee recently addressed a common due window scheduling problem with earliness and tardiness penalties, where earliness and tardiness penalty factors are constant and the common window size is given. They showed that the problem is polynomial when the location of the due window is a decision variable. For the case where the location of the due window is given, the problem is also polynomial when the latest due date is greater than or equal to the makespan, and they proposed a pseudopolynomial dynamic programming algorithm to find an optimal schedule when the latest due date is less than the makespan. In this note we address the problem for the case where the location of the due window is given. Specifically, we show that the problem is polynomial if the window location is unrestricted, and present a more efficient dynamic program algorithm to optimally solve the problem if the window location is restricted. The concepts of unrestricted and restricted window locations are defined in this note. | ["Weng M.X.", "Ventura J.A."] | ["7005256884", "7102389066"] | 1,996 | 19 | ["Due window", "Dynamic programming", "Production scheduling"] | 10.1111/j.1937-5956.1996.tb00393.x | Article | English | [] |
719 | 41,774 | Uniqueness of positive radial solutions of Δu + f(u) = 0 in ℝ<sup>n</sup>, II | Transactions of the American Mathematical Society | We prove a uniqueness result for the positive solution of Δu + f(u) = 0 in ℝ<sup>n</sup>which goes to 0 at ∞. The result applies to a wide class of nonlinear functions /, including the important model case f(u) = −u + u<sup>p</sup>, 1 < p < (n + 2)l(n − 2). The result is proved by reducing to an initial-boundary problem for the ODE u˝ + (n − 1)/r + f(u) = 0 and using a shooting method. © 1993 American Mathematical Society. | ["Mc Leod K."] | ["57189290706"] | 1,993 | 125 | [] | 10.1090/S0002-9947-1993-1201323-X | Article | English | [{"id": "60019909", "name": "Department of Mathematics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI, 53201, United States", "fullName": "Department of Mathematics, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Milwaukee, WI, 53201, United States", "departmentId": "109679078"}] |
720 | 41,789 | On-line scheduling policies for a class of IRIS (Increasing Reward With Increasing Service) real-time tasks | IEEE Transactions on Computers | We consider a real-time task model where a task receives a "reward" that depends on the amount of service received prior to its deadline. The reward of the task is assumed to be an increasing function of the amount of service that it receives, i.e., the task has the property that it receives increasing reward with increasing service (IRIS). We focus on the problem of on-line scheduling of a random arrival sequence of IRIS tasks on a single processor with the goal of maximizing the average reward accrued per task and per unit time. We describe and evaluate several policies for this system through simulation and through a comparison with an unachievable upper bound. We observe that the best performance is exhibited by a two-level policy where the top-level algorithm is responsible for allocating the amount of service to tasks and the bottom-level algorithm, using the earliest deadline first (EDF) rule, is responsible for determining the order in which tasks are executed. Furthermore, the performance of this policy approaches the theoretical upper bound in many cases. We also show that the average number of preemptions of a task under this two-level policy is very small. ©1996 IEEE. | ["Dey J.K.", "Kurose J.", "Towsley D."] | ["35996736800", "57205296035", "7101832058"] | 1,996 | 70 | ["Deadline based scheduling", "Maximizing reward rates", "On-line scheduling", "Priority scheduling", "Real-time systems", "Reward functions for tasks"] | 10.1109/12.508319 | Article | English | [{"id": "60000251", "name": "IEEE", "fullName": "IEEE", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": null, "departmentId": null}, {"id": "60014313", "name": "Department of Computer Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, United States", "fullName": "Department of Computer Science, University of Massachusetts", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "Amherst, MA 01003, United States", "departmentId": "108173088"}] |
721 | 41,835 | Percolation models for gate oxide breakdown | Journal of Applied Physics | Computer calculations of the formation of a percolation path across a finite lattice are used to model dielectric breakdown. The classical scaling relations for percolation are expected to be valid only for large (finite) systems near p<sub>c</sub>. We investigate the opposite limit of very small samples, comparable to the lattice spacing. It is shown that relatively simple numerical calculations can quantitatively describe the statistics and thickness dependence of oxide breakdown in thin samples. The critical defect density for breakdown shows a strong decrease with thickness below about 5 nm, then becomes constant below 3 nm. Both of these features can be quantitatively explained by percolation on a finite lattice. The effective defect "size" of about 3 nm is obtained from the thickness dependence of the breakdown distributions. The model predicts a singular behavior when the oxide thickness becomes less than the defect size, because in this limit a single defect near the center of the oxide is sufficient to create a continuous path across the sample. It is found that a given percolation path has a probability of about 10<sup>-3</sup> for initiating destructive breakdown. We investigate both homogeneous percolation and percolation in a nonuniform density of sites. © 1999 American Institute of Physics. | ["Stathis J.H."] | ["23016656000"] | 1,999 | 443 | [] | 10.1063/1.371590 | Article | English | [{"id": "60011048", "name": "IBM Research Division, T.J. Watson Research Center, Yorktown Heights, NY 10598, United States", "fullName": "IBM Research Division, T.J. Watson Research Center", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Yorktown Heights, NY 10598, United States", "departmentId": null}] |
722 | 41,895 | A simple, one-flask, two-step synthesis of 1,6-anhydro-β-d-mannopyranose (d-mannosan) from d-mannose | Carbohydrate Research | null | ["Georges M.", "Fraser-Reid B."] | ["56353604800", "7006871706"] | 1,984 | 36 | [] | 10.1016/0008-6215(84)85118-6 | Article | English | [{"id": "60084080", "name": "Guelph-Waterloo Centre for Graduate Work in Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ont. N2L 3G1, Canada", "fullName": "Guelph-Waterloo Centre for Graduate Work in Chemistry, University of Waterloo", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Waterloo, Ont. N2L 3G1, Canada", "departmentId": null}, {"id": "60008724", "name": "Paul M. Gross Chemical Laboratory, Duke University, Durham, NC 27705, United States", "fullName": "Paul M. Gross Chemical Laboratory, Duke University", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "Durham, NC 27705, United States", "departmentId": "117091296"}] |
723 | 42,001 | Classical limits to the sudden approximation | The Journal of Chemical Physics | We have examined the classical limits to the orbital and energy sudden approximations. It is shown that at large orbital and rotational quantum numbers the transformations which diagonalize the coupling matrix in the sudden limit also diagonalize the coupling matrix in the classical limit. The eigenvalues are no longer a delta function fixed in position during the collision but become a narrow wave packet moving with the classical velocity. The result is a uniform approximation valid in both the sudden and classical limits. A key feature of the theory is the use of the discrete-variable representation which allows an accurate counting of quantum states in the sudden representation. The theory should improve the accuracy of the sudden approximation while requiring little additional computer time. © 1986 American Institute of Physics. | ["Cross Jr. R.J."] | ["24494580700"] | 1,986 | 0 | [] | 10.1063/1.450997 | Article | English | [{"id": "60005455", "name": "Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511, United States", "fullName": "Department of Chemistry, Yale University", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "New Haven, CT 06511, United States", "departmentId": "105250371"}] |
724 | 42,062 | Using write caches to improve performance of cache coherence protocols in shared-memory multiprocessors | Journal of Parallel and Distributed Computing | Write-invalidate protocols suffer from memory-access penalties due to coherence misses. While write-update or hybrid update/invalidate protocols can reduce coherence misses, the update traffic can increase memory-system contention. We show in this paper that update-based cache protocols can perform significantly better than write-invalidate protocols by incorporating a write cache in each processing node. Because it is legal to delay the propagation of modifications of a block until the next synchronization under relaxed memory consistency models, a write cache can significantly reduce traffic by exploiting locality in write accesses. By concentrating on a cache-coherent NUMA architecture, we study the implementation aspects of augmenting a write-invalidate, a write-update and two hybrid update/invalidate protocols with write caches. Through detailed architectural simulations using five benchmark programs, we find that write caches, with only a few blocks each, help write-invalidate protocols to cut the false-sharing miss rate and hybrid update/invalidate protocols to keep other copies, including the memory copy, clean at an acceptable write traffic level. Overall, the memory-access penalty associated with coherence misses is drastically reduced. © 1995 Academic Press, Inc. | ["Dahlgren F.", "Stenström P."] | ["56009053700", "7006121518"] | 1,995 | 20 | [] | 10.1006/jpdc.1995.1059 | Article | English | [{"id": "60029170", "name": "Department of Computer Engineering, Lund University, S 22100 Lund, P.O. Box 118, Sweden", "fullName": "Department of Computer Engineering, Lund University", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "S 22100 Lund, P.O. Box 118, Sweden", "departmentId": "104472516"}] |
725 | 42,132 | Bayes regression with autoregressive errors. A Gibbs sampling approach | Journal of Econometrics | This paper develops a practical framework for the Bayesian analysis of Gaussian and Student-t regression models with autocorrelated errors. As is customary in classical estimation procedures, the posteriors are conditioned on the initial observations. Recourse is taken to the method of Gibbs sampling, an iterative Markovian sampling method, and it is shown that the proposed approach can readily deal with high-order autoregressive processes without requiring an importance sampling function or other tuning constants. Several examples, including one with AR(4) errors, are used to illustrate the ideas. © 1993. | ["Chib S."] | ["6603689321"] | 1,993 | 100 | [] | 10.1016/0304-4076(93)90046-8 | Article | English | [{"id": "60010261", "name": "Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130, United States", "fullName": "Washington University", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "St. Louis, MO 63130, United States", "departmentId": null}] |
726 | 42,178 | Wavelet analysis and neural network based adaptive single-pole autoreclosure scheme for EHV transmission systems | International Journal of Electrical Power and Energy Systems | This paper proposes a wavelet analysis and neural network based adaptive single-pole autoreclosure scheme for Extra High Voltage (EHV) transmission systems. First, the fault transients generated by the secondary arc and permanent faults are analysed using discrete wavelet transform with particular reference to the development of the adaptive autoreclosure scheme. Daubechies D4 wavelet transform is adopted and the numerical analyses reveal that certain wavelet components can be effectively used as the features to detect and identify the fault relevant characteristics in transmission systems. Several results of wavelet analysis are used as the feature vectors of artificial neural network which is designed to distinguish between transient and permanent faults, and to determine the secondary arc extinction point. The outcome of the study clearly indicates that the wavelet analysis combined with neural network approach can be used as an attractive and effective means of realising an adaptive autoreclosing scheme. © 1998 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. | ["Yu I.K.", "Song Y.H."] | ["7102120376", "55522831400"] | 1,998 | 27 | ["Autoreclosure", "Neural networks", "Wavelet analysis"] | 10.1016/s0142-0615(98)00015-5 | Article | English | [{"id": "60012178", "name": "Department of Electrical Engineering, Changwon National University, Changwon, South Korea", "fullName": "Department of Electrical Engineering, Changwon National University", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Changwon, South Korea", "departmentId": "113891003"}, {"id": "60020623", "name": "Dept. of Elec. Eng. and Electronics, Brunel University, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, United Kingdom", "fullName": "Dept. of Elec. Eng. and Electronics, Brunel University", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "Uxbridge UB8 3PH, United Kingdom", "departmentId": "113051779"}] |
727 | 42,222 | D<sub>1</sub> and D<sub>2</sub> dopamine receptor regulation of striatonigral and striatopallidal neurons | Seminars in Neuroscience | Dopamine modulates the response of striatal projection neurons to excitatory cortical and thalamic input. The two major dopamine-receptor subtypes, the D<sub>1</sub> and D<sub>2</sub> receptors, are selectively localized on striatonigral and striatopallidal output neurons, respectively. Activation of these receptors has opposite effects on these striatal neurons and consequently dopamine functions to modulate the relative activity of the striatonigral and striatopallidal pathways. Thus, striatal circuitry converts excitatory cortical and thalamic inputs into antagonistic inputs to the output neurons of the basal ganglia, which are the GABA neurons of the entopeduncular and substantia nigra nuclei. The behavioural relevance of these antagonistic mechanisms is evident in Parkinson's disease, in which the degeneration of dopamine input to the striatum results in an imbalance in the striatal output pathways, which has been directly related to the clinical akinesia of this disease. © 1992. | ["Gerfen C.R."] | ["57205968812"] | 1,992 | 22 | ["basal ganglia", "cortex", "Parkinson's disease", "patch-matrix compartments", "striatum"] | 10.1016/1044-5765(92)90009-Q | Article | English | [{"id": "60003158", "name": "Laboratory of Cell Biology, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, Bldg 36, Rm 2D-10, United States", "fullName": "Laboratory of Cell Biology, National Institute of Mental Health", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Bethesda, MD 20892, Bldg 36, Rm 2D-10, United States", "departmentId": "105436205"}] |
728 | 42,241 | Inverse problems and Carleman estimates | Inverse Problems | The author describes a method for proving global uniqueness theorems for one broad class of multidimensional coefficient inverse problems. This method is based on Carleman estimates, and it does not depend essentially on the order or type of differential operator. | ["Klibanov M.V."] | ["6701656663"] | 1,992 | 239 | [] | 10.1088/0266-5611/8/4/009 | Article | English | [{"id": "60006951", "name": "Dept. of Maths., North Carolina Univ., Charlotte, NC, United States", "fullName": "Dept. of Maths., North Carolina Univ.", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Charlotte, NC, United States", "departmentId": "100265503"}] |
729 | 42,265 | Extreme points of convex fully symmetric sets of measurable operators | Integral Equations and Operator Theory | null | ["Chilin V.I.", "Krygin A.V.", "Sukochev P.A."] | ["55917556500", "6507018476", "7003296846"] | 1,992 | 33 | [] | 10.1007/BF01204237 | Article | English | [{"id": "60071655", "name": "Department of Mathematics, Tashkent State University, Tashkent, 700095, Russia", "fullName": "Department of Mathematics, Tashkent State University", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Tashkent, 700095, Russia", "departmentId": "113774758"}, {"id": "60198903", "name": "Tashkent Railway, Engineering Institute, Tashkent, 700045, Russia", "fullName": "Tashkent Railway, Engineering Institute", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "Tashkent, 700045, Russia", "departmentId": null}] |
730 | 42,371 | Separation of chromosomal DNA molecules from Paecilomyces fumosoroseus by pulsed-field electrophoresis | Journal of Invertebrate Pathology | null | ["Shimizu S.", "Nishida Y.", "Yoshioka H.", "Matsumoto T."] | ["57192148500", "24352828700", "7401586502", "7407959558"] | 1,991 | 14 | ["chromosome separation", "Paecilomyces fumosoroseus", "pulse-field gel electrophoresis"] | 10.1016/0022-2011(91)90197-X | Article | English | [{"id": "60031225", "name": "Department of Applied Biology Kyoto Institute of Technology Matsugasaki, Kyoto, 606, Japan", "fullName": "Department of Applied Biology Kyoto Institute of Technology Matsugasaki", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Kyoto, 606, Japan", "departmentId": null}] |
731 | 42,381 | Method of undetermined coefficients for deriving error-compensating phase shifting algorithms | Guangzi Xuebao/Acta Photonica Sinica | A group of phase shifting algorithms is derived by the method of undetermined coefficients (UCM).The unknown coefficients are set in a general algorithm expression, and then solved by adding bonding equations according to error compensation requirements. Thus the algorithm design and error alalysis are carried out simultaneously. Phase shifting algorithms derived by this method are insensitive to one or more error sources which are considered in algorithm design. | ["Qian K.", "Wu X."] | ["6601975972", "55763791056"] | 2,000 | 3 | ["Algorithm design", "Error analysis", "Phase shifting interferometry"] | null | Article | English | [{"id": "60019118", "name": "Department of Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China", "fullName": "Department of Mechanics and Mechanical Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": null, "departmentId": "112837389"}] |
732 | 42,397 | Bound constrained quadratic programming via piecewise quadratic functions | Mathematical Programming, Series B | We consider the strictly convex quadratic programming problem with bounded variables. A dual problem is derived using Lagrange duality. The dual problem is the minimization of an unconstrained, piecewise quadratic function. It involves a lower bound of λ<sub>1</sub> , the smallest eigenvalue of a symmetric, positive definite matrix, and is solved by Newton iteration with line search. The paper describes the algorithm and its implementation including estimation of λ<sub>1</sub>, how to get a good starting point for the iteration, and up- and downdating of Cholesky factorization. Results of extensive testing and comparison with other methods for constrained QP are given. © Springer-Verlag 1999. | ["Madsen K.", "Nielsen H.B.", "Pinar M.Ç."] | ["7102517113", "7402493776", "7003593675"] | 1,999 | 15 | ["Bound constrained quadratic programming", "Condition estimation Newton iteration factorization update", "Huber's M-estimator"] | 10.1007/s101070050049 | Article | English | [{"id": "60011373", "name": "Institute of Mathematical Modelling, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Lyngby, Denmark", "fullName": "Institute of Mathematical Modelling, Technical University of Denmark", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "2800 Lyngby, Denmark", "departmentId": null}, {"id": "60014808", "name": "Department of Industrial Engineering, Bilkent University, 06533 Bilkent, Ankara, Turkey", "fullName": "Department of Industrial Engineering, Bilkent University", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "06533 Bilkent, Ankara, Turkey", "departmentId": "113132714"}] |
733 | 42,432 | Equation of state for symmetric non-additive hard-sphere fluids: An approximate analytic expression and new Monte Carlo results | Chemical Physics Letters | We present a simple extension of the Carnahan-Starling equation of state to symmetric mixtures of hard spheres with positively or negatively non-additive diameters. New Monte Carlo results are generated and show an excellent quality of our equation of state over all the fluid densities and non-additivities of physical interest. © 1989. | ["Gazzillo D.", "Pastore G."] | ["6603637089", "7102231063"] | 1,989 | 40 | [] | 10.1016/0009-2614(89)87505-0 | Article | English | [{"id": "60013494", "name": "Dipartimento di Chimica Fisica, Università di Venezia, 30123 Venice, S. Marta 2137, Italy", "fullName": "Dipartimento di Chimica Fisica, Università di Venezia", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "30123 Venice, S. Marta 2137, Italy", "departmentId": "105209320"}, {"id": "60012227", "name": "International School of Advanced Studies, 34014 Trieste, Strada Costiera 11, Italy", "fullName": "International School of Advanced Studies", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "34014 Trieste, Strada Costiera 11, Italy", "departmentId": null}] |
734 | 42,562 | Catalytic asymmetric synthesis of arbutamine | Heterocycles | An efficient catalytic asymmetric synthesis of (R)-arbutamine has been achieved using a catalytic asymmetric nitroaldol reaction promoted by a heterobimetallic multifunctional asymmetric catalyst as a key step. | ["Takaoka E.", "Yoshikawa N.", "Yamada Y.M.A.", "Sasai H.", "Shibasaki M."] | ["36932760500", "7203004084", "16644329500", "7005593204", "7202730801"] | 1,997 | 42 | [] | 10.3987/com-97-s55 | Article | English | [{"id": "60025272", "name": "Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tokyo Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113, Japan", "fullName": "Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tokyo Hongo", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113, Japan", "departmentId": null}] |
735 | 42,803 | Sticky dumbbells: From Hookean dumbbells to transient network | Rheologica Acta | The Green-Tobolsky theory of transient networks is merged to the Hookean dumbbell model by considering Hookean sticky dumbbells, whose beads can randomly be stuck to a network submitted to affine deformation, or be set free from the network and undergo a free diffusive Brownian motion in the solvent. Sticking to and releasing from the network is treated as an instantaneous chemical reaction. This model has a closed-form solution, in which the stress is the sum of two (resp. three) Max-wellian codeformational relaxations for dumbbells with one (resp. two) sticking beads. When Brownian diffusion is faster than the chemical kinetics, one of the modes of two-sticking beads dumbbells is the Green-Tobolsky network relaxation, whereas the other modes correspond to fast configurational relaxations. In the opposite limit of fast chemical kinetics compared to Brownian relaxation, the effect of the network is to slow down the configurational response of Hookean dumbbells. Sticky dumbbells thus realise a continuous transition from Hookean dumbbells to transient networks. | ["Palierne J.-F."] | ["6701745539"] | 1,997 | 5 | ["Chemical rheology", "Hookean dumbbell", "Transient network", "Viscoelasticity"] | 10.1007/BF00368131 | Article | English | [{"id": "60010297", "name": "Laboratoire de Physique, URA 1325 du CNRS, Ecole Normale Superieure de Lyon, 69364 Lyon Cedex 07, 46, allée d'Italie, France", "fullName": "Laboratoire de Physique, URA 1325 du CNRS, Ecole Normale Superieure de Lyon", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "69364 Lyon Cedex 07, 46, allée d'Italie, France", "departmentId": "103327721"}] |
736 | 42,837 | Evaluating functional network inference using simulations of complex biological systems | Bioinformatics | Motivation: Although many network inference algorithms have been presented in the bioinformatics literature, no suitable approach has been formulated for evaluating their effectiveness at recovering models of complex biological systems from limited data. To overcome this limitation, we propose an approach to evaluate network inference algorithms according to their ability to recover a complex functional network from biologically reasonable simulated data. Results: We designed a simulator to generate data representing a complex biological system at multiple levels of organization: behaviour, neural anatomy, brain electrophysiology, and gene expression of songbirds. About 90% of the simulated variables are unregulated by other variables in the system and are included simply as distracters. We sampled the simulated data at intervals as one would sample from a biological system in practice, and then used the sampled data to evaluate the effectiveness of an algorithm we developed for functional network inference. We found that our algorithm is highly effective at recovering the functional network structure of the simulated system-including the irrelevance of unregulated variables-from sampled data alone. To assess the reproducibility of these results, we tested our inference algorithm on 50 separately simulated sets of data and it consistently recovered almost perfectly the complex functional network structure underlying the simulated data. To our knowledge, this is the first approach for evaluating the effectiveness of functional network inference algorithms at recovering models from limited data. Our simulation approach also enables researchers a priori to design experiments and data-collection protocols that are amenable to functional network inference. Availability: Source code and simulated data are available upon request. © Oxford University Press 2002. | ["Smith V.A.", "Jarvis E.D.", "Hartemink A.J."] | ["55241228900", "35414140800", "7003293117"] | 2,002 | 102 | ["Automatic discovery", "Bayesian network", "Brain", "Complex system", "Electrophysiology", "Evaluation framework", "Gene expression", "Model induction", "Model inference", "Molecular neurobiology", "Network inference algorithm", "Simulation", "Songbird", "Systems biology"] | 10.1093/bioinformatics/18.suppl_1.S216 | Conference Paper | English | [{"id": "60113147", "name": "Department of Neurobiology, Duke University Medical Center, Box 3209, Durham, NC 27710, United States", "fullName": "Department of Neurobiology, Duke University Medical Center, Box 3209", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Durham, NC 27710, United States", "departmentId": "121521154"}, {"id": "60008724", "name": "Department of Computer Science, Duke University, Box 90129, Durham, NC 27708, United States", "fullName": "Department of Computer Science, Duke University, Box 90129", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "Durham, NC 27708, United States", "departmentId": "113025336"}] |
737 | 42,860 | Signal Selection in Communication and Radar Systems | IEEE Transactions on Information Theory | A criterion for selecting a finite set of transmitter signals for a continuous communication channel is proposed. The “optimum” signal sets using this criterion are selected to maximize the minimum divergence between hypothesis pairs being tested at the receiver. The resulting signal sets have the property that the error probability using these signals is less than the error probability for any other choice of signals for some a priori message statistics. The signal selection procedure may be applied without a knowledge of the a priori message statistics and does not require an evaluation of error probabilities. Four examples of signal selection are included to illustrate the procedure. © 1963, IEEE. All rights reserved. | ["Grettenberg T.L."] | ["56733497000"] | 1,963 | 42 | [] | 10.1109/TIT.1963.1057849 | Article | English | [{"id": "60031581", "name": "California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, Calif., United States", "fullName": "California Institute of Technology", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Pasadena, Calif., United States", "departmentId": null}] |
738 | 42,996 | Towards automated image understanding | Journal of Applied Statistics | null | ["Grenander U.", "Keenan D.M."] | ["35461982600", "7006496589"] | 1,989 | 31 | [] | 10.1080/02664768900000018 | Article | English | [{"id": "60011460", "name": "Division of Applied Mathematics, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, United States", "fullName": "Division of Applied Mathematics, Brown University", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Providence, Rhode Island, United States", "departmentId": "109725975"}] |
739 | 43,041 | Some matrix-variate distribution theory: Notational considerations and a Bayesian application | Biometrika | We introduce and justify a convenient notation for certain matrix-variate distributions which, by its emphasis on the important underlying parameters, and the theory on which it is based, eases greatly the task of manipulating such distributions. Important examples include the matrix-variate normal, t, F and beta, and the Wishart and inverse Wishart distributions. The theory is applied to compound matrix distributions and to Bayesian prediction in the multivariate linear model. © 1981 Biometrika Trust. | ["Dawid A.P."] | ["55663578500"] | 1,981 | 245 | ["Bayesian prediction", "Compound distribution", "Extendible", "Inverse Wishart", "Matrix beta", "Matrix F", "Matrix t", "Multivariate linear model", "Random matrix", "Rotatable", "Scale matrix", "Spherical", "Wishart"] | 10.1093/biomet/68.1.265 | Article | English | [{"id": "60025704", "name": "Department of Mathematics, The City University, London, United Kingdom", "fullName": "Department of Mathematics, The City University", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "London, United Kingdom", "departmentId": "104303885"}] |
740 | 43,137 | Nonequilibrium thermodynamics in field theory: Transport coefficients | Annals of Physics | Transport coefficients are expressed by real time correlation functions of energy-momentum tensor in the linear response approximation. We establish field theoretical method to compute them in perturbation theory, which is demonstrated in λφ{symbol}<sup>4</sup> theory. © 1984. | ["Hosoya A.", "Sakagami M.-a.", "Takao M."] | ["6701816579", "7102808073", "57193153557"] | 1,984 | 148 | [] | 10.1016/0003-4916(84)90144-1 | Article | English | [{"id": "60024322", "name": "Department of Physics, Osaka University, Toyonaka, 560, Japan", "fullName": "Department of Physics, Osaka University", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Toyonaka, 560, Japan", "departmentId": "105184241"}] |
741 | 43,201 | Object representation, identity, and the paradox of early permanence: Steps toward a new framework | Infant Behavior and Development | The sensorimotor theory of infancy has been overthrown, but there is little consensus on a replacement. We hypothesize that a capacity for representation is the starting point for infant development, not its culmination. Logical distinctions are drawn between object representation, identity, and permanence. Modern experiments on early object permanance and deferred imitation suggest: (a) even for young infants, representations persist over breaks in sensory contact, (b) numerical identity of objects (Os) is initially specified by spatiotemporal criteria (place and trajectory), (c) featural and functional identity criteria develop, (d) events are analyzed by comparing representations to current perception, and (e) representation operates both prospectively, anticipating future contacts with an O, and retrospectively, reidentifying an O as the "same one again". A model of the architecture and functioning of the early representational system is proposed. It accounts for young infants' behavior toward absent people and things in terms of their efforts to determine the identity of objects. Our proposal is developmental without denying innate structure and elevates the power of perception and representation while being cautious about attributing complex concepts to young infants. © 1998 Ablex Publishing Corporation. | ["Meltzoff A.N.", "Moore M.K."] | ["7003567271", "7404470674"] | 1,998 | 81 | ["Cognitive development", "Imitation", "Memory", "Object identity", "Object permanence", "Representation"] | 10.1016/S0163-6383(98)90003-0 | Article | English | [{"id": "60015481", "name": "Andrew N. Meltzoff, Dept. Psychol., Box 357920 Univ. W., Seattle, WA 98195, United States", "fullName": "Andrew N. Meltzoff, Dept. Psychol., Box 357920 Univ. W.", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Seattle, WA 98195, United States", "departmentId": "120550566"}] |
742 | 43,291 | Specification testing in Markov-switching time-series models | Journal of Econometrics | This paper develops a series of specification tests of Markov-switching time-series models. Tests for omitted autocorrelation, omitted ARCH, misspecification of the Markovian dynamics, and omitted explanatory variables are proposed. All of the tests can be constructed as a natural byproduct of the routine used to calculate the 'smoothed' probability that a given observation came from a particular regime, and do not require estimation of additional parameters. The paper performs Monte Carlo analysis of the tests and briefly illustrates their use with an empirical application. | ["Hamilton J.D."] | ["7403704966"] | 1,996 | 210 | ["Markov-switching models", "Regime-switching models", "Specification tests"] | 10.1016/0304-4076(69)41686-9 | Article | English | [{"id": "60030612", "name": "Department of Economics, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093-0508, United States", "fullName": "Department of Economics, University of California", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "San Diego, CA 92093-0508, United States", "departmentId": "113089436"}] |
743 | 43,301 | Autonomy and motivation a literature review | System | A common theme in justifications for autonomy, especially in general education but also in language learning, is that autonomous learners become more highly motivated and that autonomy leads to better, more effective work. Knowles' claim is illustrative: "... there is convincing evidence that people who take the initiative in learning (proactive learners) learn more things and learn better than do people who sit at the feet of teachers, passively waiting to be taught (reactive learners).... They enter into learning more purposefully and with greater motivation" (1975: p. 14). What is the link between autonomy and motivation? The writing on motivation in relation to language learning over the past several years has been dominated by the social-psychological approach to motivation of Gardner and his associates, which gives little help in attempts to link autonomy and motivation. To find such links it is necessary to turn to the literature on motivation in general education, and especially the literature on cognitive motivation. This paper will review the literature on motivation and suggest that there is an important link between autonomy and some educational theories of motivation which could account for the claimed power of autonomy. © 1995. | ["Dickinson L."] | ["25934125700"] | 1,995 | 229 | [] | 10.1016/0346-251X(95)00005-5 | Article | English | [{"id": "60008786", "name": "King Mongkut's Institute of Technology, Thonburi, Bangkok, Thailand", "fullName": "King Mongkut's Institute of Technology, Thonburi", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Bangkok, Thailand", "departmentId": null}] |
744 | 43,313 | Renormalizable Lagrangians for massive Yang-Mills fields | Nuclear Physics, Section B | Renormalizable models are constructed in which local gauge invariance is broken spontaneously. Feynman rules and Ward identities can be found by means of a path integral method, and they can be checked by algebra. In one of these models, which is studied in more detail, local SU(2) is broken in such a way that local U(1) remains as a symmetry. A renormalizable and unitary theory results, with photons, charged massive vector particles, and additional neutral scalar particles. It has three independent parameters. Another model has local SU(2)⊗U(1) as a symmetry and may serve as a renormalizable theory for ρ{variant}-mesons and photons. In such models electromagnetic mass-differences are finite and can be calculated in perturbation theory. © 1971. | ["Hooft G.'t."] | ["56008155800"] | 1,971 | 816 | [] | 10.1016/0550-3213(71)90139-8 | Article | English | [{"id": "60007989", "name": "Institute for Theoretical Physics, University of Utrecht, Netherlands", "fullName": "Institute for Theoretical Physics, University of Utrecht", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Netherlands", "departmentId": "105678974"}] |
745 | 43,334 | Popularity-based assignment of movies to storage devices in a video-on-demand system | Multimedia Systems | A video-on-demand server must satisfy a large customer base and a diverse archive of movies under changing movie popularity and daily load peaks. These requirements must be satisfied under the constraints imposed by storage device costs, capacities, I/O bandwidths, and geographic locations. In this paper we describe a partitioning of video data (movies) onto a video-on-demand storage hierarchy to achieve efficient storage and I/O bandwidth use. Our approach uses a probabilistic model of movie popularity in data distribution and replication to balance user requests with available disk I/O bandwidth. The results can be applied in the design of a general, distributed video-on-demand system. © 1995 Springer-Verlag. | ["Little T.D.C.", "Venkatesh D."] | ["7102864960", "55606501400"] | 1,995 | 74 | ["Multimedia", "Storage architectures", "Video servers", "Video-on-demand"] | 10.1007/BF01225245 | Article | English | [{"id": "60019674", "name": "Multimedia Communications Laboratory, Department of Electrical, Computer and Systems Engineering, Boston University, Boston, 02215, MA, United States", "fullName": "Multimedia Communications Laboratory, Department of Electrical, Computer and Systems Engineering, Boston University", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Boston, 02215, MA, United States", "departmentId": "100263377"}] |
746 | 43,352 | On a model of DNA torsion dynamics | Physics Letters A | We propose a modification of a recent model of DNA torsion dynamics in order to take into account the helicoidal structure of DNA. It is shown that this modified model is able to account for a complex dynamics. © 1990. | ["Gaeta G."] | ["56264941700"] | 1,990 | 40 | [] | 10.1016/0375-9601(90)90744-9 | Article | English | [{"id": "60005768", "name": "France", "fullName": null, "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "France", "departmentId": null}] |
747 | 43,366 | Wormhole-induced proton decay | Nuclear Physics, Section B | The prospect of proton decay in the presence of topology-changing field configurations in euclidean quantum gravity is studied. The recent literature has included conjectures regarding possible disastrous consequences of macroscopic wormholes. In this paper it is shown that for any realistic, anomaly-free supersymmetric grand unified theory with low-energy supersymmetry, as well as for any realistic, anomaly-free non-grand unified supersymmetric extension of the standard model, even wormholes as small as the Planck lenght will naturally generate a catastrophically high rate of proton decay. © 1989. | ["Gilbert G."] | ["36824360700"] | 1,989 | 88 | [] | 10.1016/0550-3213(89)90097-7 | Article | English | [{"id": "60031581", "name": "California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, United States", "fullName": "California Institute of Technology", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Pasadena, CA 91125, United States", "departmentId": null}] |
748 | 43,472 | Looking for the logarithms in four-dimensional Nambu-Jona-Lasinio models | Nuclear Physics, Section B | We study the problem of triviality in the four-dimensional Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model with discrete chiral symmetry using both large-N expansions and lattice simulations. We find that logarithmic corrections to scaling appear in the equation of state as predicted by the large-N expansion. The data from 16<sup>4</sup> lattice simulations is sufficiently accurate to distinguish logarithmically trivial scaling from power law scaling. Simulations on different lattice sizes reveal an interesting interplay of finite size effects and triviality. We argue that such effects are qualitatively different for theories based on fundamental scalar rather than fermion fields. Several lessons learned here can be applied to simulations and analyses of more challenging field theories. © 1994. | ["Kim S.", "Kocić A.", "Kogut J."] | ["57206877680", "36108169100", "34978616200"] | 1,994 | 18 | [] | 10.1016/0550-3213(94)00260-6 | Article | English | [{"id": "60028609", "name": "High Energy Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, United States", "fullName": "High Energy Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Argonne, IL 60439, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, United States", "departmentId": "104448144"}, {"id": "60000745", "name": "Loomis Laboratory of Physics, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801-3080, 1110 W. Green St, United States", "fullName": "Loomis Laboratory of Physics, University of Illinois", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "Urbana, IL 61801-3080, 1110 W. Green St, United States", "departmentId": "103072176"}] |
749 | 43,499 | Formation of domains in the random-field Ising model | Physical Review B | Monte Carlo simulations of the random-field Ising model for dimensions d=2 and d=3 show the occurrence of fractal domains that are pinned by the random-field configuration. For d=3, the domain size distribution satisfies scaling properties below the critical temperature, while for d=2 the largest domain becomes frozen as the temperature approaches zero. © 1986 The American Physical Society. | ["Cambier J.L.", "Nauenberg M."] | ["7201692762", "6603807832"] | 1,986 | 29 | [] | 10.1103/PhysRevB.34.7998 | Article | English | [{"id": "60024941", "name": "Physics Department, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, United States", "fullName": "Physics Department, University of California", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Santa Cruz, CA 95064, United States", "departmentId": "104257116"}] |
750 | 43,501 | Iwasawa L-functions of varieties over algebraic number fields - A first approach | Inventiones Mathematicae | null | ["Schneider P."] | ["55422066300"] | 1,983 | 25 | [] | 10.1007/BF01389099 | Article | English | [{"id": "101264540", "name": "Fakultät für Mathematik, Regensburg, 8400, Universitätsstraße 31, Germany", "fullName": "Fakultät für Mathematik", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Regensburg, 8400, Universitätsstraße 31, Germany", "departmentId": null}] |
751 | 43,516 | Fluctuations in the population of the ground state of Bose Systems | Journal of Statistical Physics | Formulas are given which show how the fluctuations of the ground-state occupation number in a Bose System are strongly suppressed at low temperatures. © 1970 Plenum Publishing Corporation. | ["Fujiwara I.", "ter Haar D.", "Wergeland H."] | ["16523909100", "22990270200", "22990480000"] | 1,970 | 51 | ["Bose systems", "Einstein condensation", "Fluctuations", "saddle-point method applications"] | 10.1007/BF01020442 | Article | English | [{"id": "101194092", "name": "Seminar of Theoretical Physics, Trondheim, Norway", "fullName": "Seminar of Theoretical Physics", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Trondheim, Norway", "departmentId": null}, {"id": "60026851", "name": "Department of Theoretical Physics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom", "fullName": "Department of Theoretical Physics, University of Oxford", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "Oxford, United Kingdom", "departmentId": "104359343"}] |
752 | 43,546 | Focal–plane processing architectures for real–time hyperspectral image processing | Applied Optics | Real–time image processing requires high computational and I/O throughputs obtained by use of optoelectronic system solutions. A novel architecture that uses focal–plane optoelectronic–area IyO with a fine–grain, low-memory, single–instruction–multiple–data (SIMD) processor array is presented as an efficient computational solution for real–time hyperspectral image processing. The architecture is evaluated by use of realistic workloads to determine data throughputs, processing demands, and storage requirements. We show that traditional store–and–process system performance is inadequate for this application domain, whereas the focal–plane SIMD architecture is capable of supporting real–time performances with sustained operation throughputs of 500−1500 gigaoperationsys. The focal-plane architecture exploits the direct coupling between sensor and parallel–processor arrays to alleviate databandwidth requirements, allowing computation to be performed in a stream–parallel computation model, while data arrive from the sensors. © 2000 Optical Society of America. | ["Chai S.M.", "Gentile A.", "Lugo-Beauchamp W.E.", "Fonseca J.", "Cruz-Rivera J.L.", "Wills D.S."] | ["7101888930", "56469917000", "6505819305", "36680049000", "6603674259", "35494803800"] | 2,000 | 25 | [] | 10.1364/AO.39.000835 | Article | English | [{"id": "60019647", "name": "School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, CA, 30332-0250, United States", "fullName": "School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Atlanta, CA, 30332-0250, United States", "departmentId": "114700343"}, {"id": "60071533", "name": "Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Puerto Rico in Mayagü ez, Mayagüez, 00681-9042, Puerto Rico", "fullName": "Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Puerto Rico in Mayagü ez", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "Mayagüez, 00681-9042, Puerto Rico", "departmentId": "100273629"}] |
753 | 43,627 | On value preserving and growth optimal portfolios | Mathematical Methods of Operations Research | In a discrete-time financial market setting, the paper relates various concepts introduced for dynamic portfolios (both in discrete and in continuous time). These concepts are value preserving portfolios, numeraire portfolios, interest oriented portfolios, and growth optimal portfolios. It will turn out that these concepts are all associated with a unique martingale measure which agrees with the minimal martingale measure only for complete markets. | ["Korn R.", "Schäl M."] | ["7005811212", "6602570121"] | 1,999 | 21 | ["Growth optimal portfolios", "Incomplete financial markets", "Interest oriented portfolios", "Logarithmic utility", "Martingale measure", "Minimal martingale measure", "Numeraire portfolios", "Value preserving portfolios"] | 10.1007/s001860050095 | Article | English | [{"id": "60009941", "name": "Universität Kaiserslautern, Fachbereich Mathematik, D-67663 Kaiserslautern, E.-Schrödinger-Str., Germany", "fullName": "Universität Kaiserslautern, Fachbereich Mathematik", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "D-67663 Kaiserslautern, E.-Schrödinger-Str., Germany", "departmentId": "103541775"}, {"id": "60007493", "name": "Universität Bonn, Inst. für Angewandte Mathematik, D-53115 Bonn, Wegelerstr. 6, Germany", "fullName": "Universität Bonn, Inst. für Angewandte Mathematik", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "D-53115 Bonn, Wegelerstr. 6, Germany", "departmentId": null}] |
754 | 43,645 | Scheduling file transfers in fully connected networks | Networks | We consider the problem of transferring a set of files from their given locations in a fully connected network to their respective target locations in minimum time. We show that this problem is NP‐hard even with the restriction that no file uses more than two edges in its route. We present an efficient algorithm to solve this problem in the case when there is only one source and one or more destinations. For the general case, we propose a two‐phase approach to find two‐edge schedules that are optimal or close‐to‐optimal. In Phase I, two‐edge routes are assigned to files; in Phase II, a schedule is determined for the use of the links in these routes. For Phase I, we present an exact solution that is based on integer programming formulation and also give theoretical bounds for approximate solution. We also propose a route assignment algorithm that attempts to assign routes of minimum congestion. For Phase II, we present an efficient algorithm that constructs a schedule from the solution obtained in the first phase. Copyright © 1992 Wiley Periodicals, Inc., A Wiley Company | ["Rivera‐Vega P.I.", "Varadarajan R.", "Navathe S.B."] | ["6506091388", "7006866073", "7004370449"] | 1,992 | 16 | [] | 10.1002/net.3230220606 | Article | English | [{"id": "60013959", "name": "Computer and Information Sciences Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, 32611, United States", "fullName": "Computer and Information Sciences Department, University of Florida", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Gainesville, Florida, 32611, United States", "departmentId": "105351632"}, {"id": "60071503", "name": "Department of Mathematics, University of Puerto Rico, Rio Piedras, 00931, Puerto Rico", "fullName": "Department of Mathematics, University of Puerto Rico", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "Rio Piedras, 00931, Puerto Rico", "departmentId": "104792006"}, {"id": "60019647", "name": "College of Computing, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, 30332-0280, United States", "fullName": "College of Computing, Georgia Institute of Technology", "reference": "c", "fullAddress": "Atlanta, Georgia, 30332-0280, United States", "departmentId": "112589037"}] |
755 | 43,659 | Gauge fields on the continuum and lattice tori | Nuclear Physics, Section B | We consider topological properties of gauge fields on the four-dimensional euclidean torus and, in particular, the relation between boundary conditions on the torus and topological classes of gauge fields. Using the methods of geometry of complex tori we obtain explicit expressions for self-dual solutions and twisted boundary conditions of the 't Hooft type for U(N) and SU(N) gauge theory on the euclidean torus. We consider also lattice toron fields and discuss possible computer experiments for lattices with nontrivial boundary conditions. © 1989. | ["Lebedev D.R.", "Polikarpov M.I.", "Rosly A.A."] | ["7006562158", "7006614180", "16437119500"] | 1,989 | 5 | [] | 10.1016/0550-3213(89)90375-1 | Article | English | [{"id": "60018710", "name": "Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow, 117259, Russian Federation", "fullName": "Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Physics", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Moscow, 117259, Russian Federation", "departmentId": null}] |
756 | 43,689 | Hierarchical Intelligent Control for robotic motion by using fuzzy, artificial intelligence, and neural network | Proceedings of the International Joint Conference on Neural Networks | We present a new structure of intelligent control for robotic motion. This system is analogous to the human cerebral control structure for intelligent control. Therefore, the system has a hierarchical structure as an integrated approach of Neuromorphic and Symbolic control, including an applied neural network for servo control, a knowledge based approximation, and a fuzzy set theory for a human interface. The neural network in the servo control level is numerical manipulation, while the knowledge based part is symbolic manipulation. In the Neuromorphic control, the neural network compensates for the nonlinearity of the system and uncertainty in its environment. The knowledge base part develops control strategies symbolically for the servo level with a-priori knowledge. The fuzzy logic combined with the neural network is used between the servo control level and the knowledge based part to link numerals to symbols and express human skills through learning. © 1992 IEEE. | ["Fukuda T.", "Shibata T."] | ["57209572679", "56890247700"] | 1,992 | 0 | [] | 10.1109/IJCNN.1992.287123 | Conference Paper | English | [{"id": "60000264", "name": "Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, Nagoya University, 1 Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-01, Japan", "fullName": "Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, Nagoya University", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "1 Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-01, Japan", "departmentId": "112646801"}] |
757 | 43,715 | An efficient borrowing channel assignment scheme for cellular mobile systems | IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology | In this paper, we propose a new efficient borrowing channel assignment (BCA) scheme, which consists of two phases. The first ordinary channel allocation phase borrows a channel from neighboring cells by an impact-based borrowing strategy. The second channel reallocation phase has a reallocation procedure for locked-channel utilization and a reallocation procedure for efficient channel reuse. Simulation results show that in both uniform and nonuniform traffic cases, our schemes significantly reduce the system blocking probability over the other existing schemes. Furthermore, one of our schemes has a much smaller number of reallocations than other compared schemes. © 1998 IEEE. | ["Chang K.-N.", "Kim J.-T.", "Yim C.-S.", "Kim S."] | ["7404878205", "54680917400", "7006077920", "24518393100"] | 1,998 | 35 | ["Borrowing channel assignment", "Channel reallocation", "Impact-based borrowing strategy"] | 10.1109/25.669097 | Article | English | [{"id": "60002296", "name": "Department of Management and Information, Silla University, Pusan 617-736, South Korea", "fullName": "Department of Management and Information, Silla University", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Pusan 617-736, South Korea", "departmentId": "103163475"}, {"id": null, "name": "Department of Management Science, Taejon 305-701, South Korea", "fullName": "Department of Management Science", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "Taejon 305-701, South Korea", "departmentId": null}, {"id": "60001558", "name": "Ground System Department, Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute, Taeion 305-606, South Korea", "fullName": "Ground System Department, Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute", "reference": "c", "fullAddress": "Taeion 305-606, South Korea", "departmentId": "103126321"}] |
758 | 43,776 | Optimal interpolatory subdivision schemes in multidimensional spaces | SIAM Journal on Numerical Analysis | We analyze the approximation and smoothness properties of fundamental and refinable functions that arise from interpolatory subdivision schemes in multidimensional spaces. In particular, we provide a general construction of bivariate interpolatory refinement masks such that the corresponding fundamental and refinable functions attain the optimal approximation order and smoothness order. In addition, these interpolatory refinement masks are minimally supported and enjoy full symmetry. Several examples are explicitly computed. | ["Han B.", "Jia R.-Q."] | ["55248962500", "7006068126"] | 1,999 | 32 | ["Approximation order", "Fundamental functions", "Interpolatory subdivision schemes", "Lagrange interpolation", "Refinement equations", "Smoothness", "Sum rules"] | 10.1137/s0036142997325611 | Article | English | [{"id": "60006514", "name": "Department of Mathematics, Oklahoma State Unversity, Stillwater, OK 74078, United States", "fullName": "Department of Mathematics, Oklahoma State Unversity", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Stillwater, OK 74078, United States", "departmentId": "103368175"}, {"id": "60030835", "name": "Department of Mathematical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta. T6G 2G1, Canada", "fullName": "Department of Mathematical Sciences, University of Alberta", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "Edmonton, Alta. T6G 2G1, Canada", "departmentId": "112770152"}] |
759 | 43,796 | Predictive fit for natural exponential families | Biometrika | The paper examines predictive distributions, concentrating on measuring their fit to the true distribution by average KulLback-Leibler divergence. The notion of an 'averaged bootstrap' predictive distribution is introduced. This predictive distribution is shown to be asymptotically superior to the estimative distribution, in terms of average Kullback-Leibler divergence, when the true distribution is in a natural exponential family. Small-sample results are presented for the Poisson and binomial distributions which suggest that the bootstrap distribution performs well in these cases. © 1989 Biometrika Trust. | ["Harris I.R."] | ["7202355196"] | 1,989 | 59 | ["Binomial distribution", "Bootstrap", "Kullback-Leibler measure", "Natural exponential family", "Poisson distribution", "Predictive distribution", "Predictive fit", "Quadratic variance function"] | 10.1093/biomet/76.4.675 | Article | English | [{"id": "60013372", "name": "Department of Mathematics, University of Texas, Austin, Texas 78712, United States", "fullName": "Department of Mathematics, University of Texas", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Austin, Texas 78712, United States", "departmentId": "109237990"}] |
760 | 43,813 | Location Of Low-Frequency Noise Sources In Submicrometer Bipolar Transistors | IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices | New expressions are presented for the low-fre- quency noise (1/f noise, shot noise, Nyquist noise) in bipolar transistors. Particular attention has been paid to the influence of the internal base and emitter series resistance. The expressions have been compared with experimental results from sub-micrometer silicon bipolar transistors. It is found at low forward currents that the 1/f noise is dominated by 1/f noise in the base current. At high-forward currents the 1/f noise stems most likely from the 1/f noise in the internal base series resistance. How to locate the low-frequency noise sources is demonstrated theoretically by analyzing the results for the common-emitter and the common-collector configurations both at low and high currents and at different values of the external resistances. © 1992 IEEE | ["Kleinpenning T.G.M."] | ["7003677827"] | 1,992 | 59 | [] | 10.1109/16.137332 | Article | English | [{"id": "60032882", "name": "Department of Electrical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, 5600 MB, Netherlands", "fullName": "Department of Electrical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Eindhoven, 5600 MB, Netherlands", "departmentId": "113065737"}] |
761 | 43,836 | Synchronization in a population of globally coupled chaotic oscillators | Europhysics Letters | We demonstrate synchronization transition in a large ensemble of non-identical chaotic oscillators, globally coupled via the mean field. We show that this coherent behaviour is due to synchronization of phases of these oscillators, while their amplitudes remain chaotic. Two types of transition, depending on the phase coherence properties of the individual systems, are described. | ["Pikovsky A.S.", "Rosenblum M.G.", "Kurths J."] | ["7004628118", "36239911900", "35317963900"] | 1,996 | 184 | [] | 10.1209/epl/i1996-00433-3 | Article | English | [{"id": "60021763", "name": "Max-Planck-Arbeitsgruppe N., Universität Potsdam, D-14415 Potsdam, Am Neuen Palais 19, Germany", "fullName": "Max-Planck-Arbeitsgruppe N., Universität Potsdam", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "D-14415 Potsdam, Am Neuen Palais 19, Germany", "departmentId": null}, {"id": "60021331", "name": "Mech. Eng. Res. Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation", "fullName": "Mech. Eng. Res. Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "Moscow, Russian Federation", "departmentId": null}] |
762 | 43,879 | Multirelational semantic maps | Educational Psychology Review | Research on multirelational semantic maps is laden with promise for educational applications, but the development of knowledge mapping systems has been largely unsystematic. This paper describes the distinctive features of knowledge maps, discusses their origins, and explores some of the strengths and weaknesses of the wide variety of maps and mapping approaches that have been appearing in the literature over the past several years. Research findings pertaining to maps' potential and actual uses in educational settings are summarized, with some indepth attention to the more programmatic efforts of Novak as well as to our own mapping system. Suggestions are made for future exploration of, and experimentation on, maps as unique tools for organizing, representing, and communicating a wide variety of knowledge domains. © 1989 Plenum Publishing Corporation. | ["Lambiotte J.G.", "Dansereau D.F.", "Cross D.R.", "Reynolds S.B."] | ["16441403900", "7004275676", "7102110368", "16442611500"] | 1,989 | 107 | ["concept maps", "knowledge maps", "semantic maps"] | 10.1007/BF01320098 | Article | English | [{"id": "60019424", "name": "School of Education, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, 76129, Texas, United States", "fullName": "School of Education, Texas Christian University", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Fort Worth, 76129, Texas, United States", "departmentId": "103987304"}, {"id": "60019424", "name": "Department of Psychology, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, 76129, Texas, United States", "fullName": "Department of Psychology, Texas Christian University", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "Fort Worth, 76129, Texas, United States", "departmentId": "100293458"}] |
763 | 43,884 | Gaussian model of protein folding | Journal of Chemical Physics | The thermodynamics and kinetics of protein folding depend on the sequence of monomer units along the chain. To explore the sequence dependence, current modeling - all-atom simulations and lattice models, for example - require time-consuming computer simulations. There are currently no analytical models by which folding properties can be computed directly from the monomer sequence. Here we introduce a simple analytical model of folding, based on assuming springlike forces for covalent and noncovalent interactions. Thermodynamic and kinetic properties of folding can be obtained directly for specific sequences in Go-like models. Remarkably, although it is a continuum model, some choices of parameters give the same stable conformations as in the corresponding lattice model. The main point of elasticity-based folding models is that their properties can be understood in complete detail, and with little computational investment. This may be useful for understanding how the shapes of energy landscapes, including stable states and kinetic barriers, depend on amino acid sequence. © 2000 American Institute of Physics. | ["Erman B.", "Dill K."] | ["56243116800", "35561132800"] | 2,000 | 15 | [] | 10.1063/1.480629 | Article | English | [{"id": "60008991", "name": "Fac. of Eng. and Natural Sciences, Sabanci University, Tuzla, 81474 Istanbul, Turkey", "fullName": "Fac. of Eng. and Natural Sciences, Sabanci University", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Tuzla, 81474 Istanbul, Turkey", "departmentId": null}, {"id": "60023691", "name": "School of Pharmacy, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94118, 3333 California Street, United States", "fullName": "School of Pharmacy, University of California", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "San Francisco, CA 94118, 3333 California Street, United States", "departmentId": "113122185"}] |
764 | 44,062 | Transient induced voltage computation in a high building struck by lightning | IEEE Transactions on Magnetics | The effects resulting from direct lightning strikes to buildings may affect the reliable operation of electric and electronic systems installed inside. The influence of such phenomena on equipment and systems depends on the immunity levels, and on the magnetic field intensity due to the lightning current. In this paper, a time-domain simulation of the lightning induced voltage on electric circuits (open metal loops) located inside a high building, a steel structure, is presented. In order to make an extensive analysis, the simulation is carried out considering different regions within the building. The results related to magnetic flux density and induced effects, helpful in determining the critical positions of equipment, are presented, and some of them are compared with those obtained from other methodologies proposed in the literature. © 1998 IEEE. | ["Sartori C.A.F.", "Cardoso J.R.", "Orlandi A."] | ["7005231089", "54680597100", "35482168000"] | 1,998 | 17 | ["Electromagnetic compatibility", "Emp radiation effects", "Lightning, time-domain analysis", "Transient propagation"] | 10.1109/20.717655 | Article | English | [{"id": "60008088", "name": "Escola Politécnica - LMAG - PEA - USP, 05508-900, Sào Paulo - SP, Av. Prof. Luciano Gualberto, Brazil", "fullName": "Escola Politécnica - LMAG - PEA - USP", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "05508-900, Sào Paulo - SP, Av. Prof. Luciano Gualberto, Brazil", "departmentId": "107307249"}, {"id": "60018783", "name": "University of l'Aquila, Dept. of Electrical Engineering, 67040 Poggio di Roio, L'Aquila, Italy", "fullName": "University of l'Aquila, Dept. of Electrical Engineering", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "67040 Poggio di Roio, L'Aquila, Italy", "departmentId": "112136212"}] |
765 | 44,091 | Comparison to control in logistic regression | Communications in Statistics - Theory and Methods | We are interested in comparing logistic regressions for several test treatments or populations with a logistic regression for a standard treatment or population. The research was motivated by some real life problems, which are discussed as data examples. We propose a step-down likelihood ratio method for declaring differences between the test treatments or populations and the standard treatment or population. Competitors based on the sequentially rejective Bonferroni Wald statistic, sequentially rejective exact Wald statistic and Reiersøl's statistic are also discussed. It is shown that the proposed method asymptotically controls the probability of type I error. A Monte Carlo simulation shows that the proposed method performs well for relatively small sample sizes, outperforming its competitors. Copyright © 2000 by Marcel Dekker, Inc. | ["Dasgupta N.", "Spurrier J.D.", "Martinez E.", "Moore B.C."] | ["7005156398", "7003373848", "57195213945", "7402320271"] | 2,000 | 8 | ["Binary response", "Likelihood ratio", "Marginal power", "Maximum likelihood", "Multivariate chi-square", "Sequentially rejective", "Simultaneous test", "Step-down"] | 10.1080/03610910008813653 | Review | English | [{"id": "60018208", "name": "Program in Statistics, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, United States", "fullName": "Program in Statistics, Washington State University", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Pullman, WA 99164, United States", "departmentId": "103933832"}, {"id": "60018179", "name": "Department of Statistics, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, United States", "fullName": "Department of Statistics, University of South Carolina", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "Columbia, SC 29208, United States", "departmentId": "103931996"}, {"id": "60018208", "name": "Department of Natural Resource Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, United States", "fullName": "Department of Natural Resource Sciences, Washington State University", "reference": "c", "fullAddress": "Pullman, WA 99164, United States", "departmentId": "103933818"}] |
766 | 44,128 | Optical Interconnects for Neural and Reconfigerable VLSI Architectures | Proceedings of the IEEE | The increasing transistor density in very large-scale Integrated (VLSI) circuits and the limited pin number in the off-chip communication lead to a situation described as interconnect crisis in microelectronics. Optoeleclronic VLSI (OE-VLSI) circuits using shortdistance optical interconnects and optoelectmnic devices like microlaser, modulator, and detector array s for optical off-chip sending and receiving offer a technology to overcome this crisis. However, in order to exploit efficiently the potential of thousands of optical off-chip interconnects, an appropriate VLSI architecture is required. We show for the example of neural and reconfigurable VLSI architectures that fine-grain architectures fulfill these requirements. An OE-VLSI circuit realization based on multiple quantum-well modulators functioning as two-dimensional (2-D) optical inputloutput (f/O) interface for the chip is presented. Due to the parallel optical interface, an improvement of two to three orders of magnitude in the throughput performance is possible compared to all-electronic solutions. For the optical interconnects, a planar-integrated free-space optical system has been designed leading to an optical multichip module. Such a system has been fabricated and experimentally characterized. Furthermore, we designed and manufactured fiber arrays, which will be the core element for a convenient test station for the 2-D oploelectmnic IO interface of OE-VLSI circuits. © 2000 IEEE Publisher Item Identifier S 0018-9219(00)05255-5. | ["Fey D.", "Erhard W.", "Gruber M.", "Jahns J.", "Bartelt H.", "Grimm G.", "Hqppe L.", "Sinzinger S."] | ["56248434200", "6701483363", "7102781809", "7006434252", "56176755500", "35877065800", "54781365800", "6701586292"] | 2,000 | 36 | ["Associative memory", "Fiber arrays", "Neural processing", "Optical interconnects", "Optoelectmnic vlsi", "Planar optics", "Reconfigurable architectures", "Seed-cmos chip", "Vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (vcsel)"] | 10.1109/5.867697 | Article | English | [{"id": "60024260", "name": "Institut für Rechnerstrukturen, Universität-GH Siegen, Siegen D-57068, Germany", "fullName": "Institut für Rechnerstrukturen, Universität-GH Siegen", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Siegen D-57068, Germany", "departmentId": "104223754"}, {"id": "60029507", "name": "Institut für Informatik, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Jena D-07743, Germany", "fullName": "Institut für Informatik, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "Jena D-07743, Germany", "departmentId": "109456295"}, {"id": "60020621", "name": "FemUniversität Hagen, Optische Nachrichtentechnik, Hagen D-58084, Germany", "fullName": "FemUniversität Hagen, Optische Nachrichtentechnik", "reference": "c", "fullAddress": "Hagen D-58084, Germany", "departmentId": null}, {"id": "60074072", "name": "Institut Für Physikalische Hochtechnologie Jena, Jena D-07745, Germany", "fullName": "Institut Für Physikalische Hochtechnologie Jena", "reference": "d", "fullAddress": "Jena D-07745, Germany", "departmentId": null}] |
767 | 44,154 | Application of principal wavelet component in pattern classification | Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering | The principle of Perception Redundancy Reduction (PRR) states that by optimally balancing between the information reduction of the input data and sufficient redundancy, classification performance should improve due to smaller search space from the reduced dimensions and noise-invariant from retained redundancy. For dimensionality reduction using global information, Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is a well suited method especially for signal processing task. However, for pattern classification purpose and for image classification in particular, operating on raw input data sometimes limits the benefit of the PCA. Following the Expansion-Reduction model of data-processing, we propose the use of Multiple Resolution Analysis (MRA) through continuous Wavelet Transform (WT) to rearrange input data into different combinations according to wavelet kernel criteria. Quantization further provides intrinsic de-noising result plus sparseness in the transform space which preconditions the orthogonality. PCA is then performed on each level of the data resolution, generating mutually supportive classification discriminants. All together, this multiple resolution Principal Wavelet Component (PWC) method provides two significant advantages over traditional PCA: i) Providing integrated de-noising and re-distribution of information content, thereby establishes controlled and mathematically sound downsampling scheme, which alleviates the curse of dimensionality and, at the same time, attenuates noises, ii) Establishing a multiple resolution decision process, whereas each resolution level provides supplemental principal wavelet components, being at least quasi-orthogonal by nature, to support classification with maximum tolerance. © 1998 SPIE. All rights reserved. | ["Watanapongse P.", "Szu H.H."] | ["6507103903", "55696168800"] | 1,998 | 6 | ["Eigenimage", "Pattern classification", "Principal component analysis", "Principal wavelet component", "Wavelet Transform"] | 10.1117/12.304903 | Conference Paper | English | [{"id": "60021944", "name": "Department of Computer Engineering, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, BKK, 10903, Thailand", "fullName": "Department of Computer Engineering, Kasetsart University", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Bangkok, BKK, 10903, Thailand", "departmentId": null}, {"id": "60015161", "name": "Center for Advanced Computer Studies, University of Southwestern Louisiana, Lafayette, 70504-4330, LA, United States", "fullName": "Center for Advanced Computer Studies, University of Southwestern Louisiana", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "Lafayette, 70504-4330, LA, United States", "departmentId": "103781145"}] |
768 | 44,159 | A note on the condition numbers of the B-spline bases | Journal of Approximation Theory | In this note, improved lower bounds are derived for the sup norm condition numbers of the B-spline bases. Numerical calculations done earlier by de Boor indicate that the improved lower bounds are also upper bounds. © 1978. | ["Lyche T."] | ["6701436030"] | 1,978 | 10 | [] | 10.1016/0021-9045(78)90052-7 | Article | English | [{"id": "60010348", "name": "Institute of Mathematics, University of Oslo, Oslo (3), Norway", "fullName": "Institute of Mathematics, University of Oslo", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Oslo (3), Norway", "departmentId": "103564982"}] |
769 | 44,428 | Asymptotic near optimality of the bisection method | Numerische Mathematik | We seek a approximation to a zero of an infinitely differentiable function f: [0, 1]→ℜ such that f(0)≦0 and f(1)≧0. It is known that the error of the bisection method using n function evaluations is 2<sup>-(n+1)</sup>. If the information used are function values, then it is known that bisection information and the bisection algorithm are optimal. Traub and Woźniakowski conjectured in [5] that the bisection information and algorithm are optimal even if far more general information is permitted. They permit adaptive (sequential) evaluations of arbitrary linear functionals and arbitrary transformations of this information as algorithms. This conjecture was established in [2]. That is for n fixed, the bisection information and algorithm are optimal in the worst case setting. Thus nothing is lost by restricting oneself to function values. One may then ask whether bisection is nearly optimal in the asymptotic worst case sense, that is, possesses asymptotically nearly the best rate of convergence. Methods converging fast asymptotically, like Newton or secant type, are of course, widely used in scientific computation. We prove that the answer to this question is positive for the class F of functions having zeros of infinite multiplicity and information consisting of evaluations of continuous linear functionals. Assuming that every f in F has zeroes with bounded multiplicity, there are known hybrid methods which have at least quadratic rate of convergence as n tends to infinity, see e.g., Brent [1], Traub [4] and Sect. 1. © 1990 Springer-Verlag. | ["Sikorski K.", "Trojan G.M."] | ["35194562700", "7801439178"] | 1,990 | 5 | ["Subject Classifications: AMS(MOS): 65H10, CR: G1.5"] | 10.1007/BF01386421 | Article | English | [{"id": "60025488", "name": "Department of Computer Science, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, 84112, UT, United States", "fullName": "Department of Computer Science, University of Utah", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Salt Lake City, 84112, UT, United States", "departmentId": "104291035"}, {"id": "60014171", "name": "Department of Computer Science, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, N2L3G1, Ontario, Canada", "fullName": "Department of Computer Science, University of Waterloo", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "Waterloo, N2L3G1, Ontario, Canada", "departmentId": "103733077"}] |
770 | 44,433 | Using a Bootstrap Method to Choose the Sample Fraction in Tail Index Estimation | Journal of Multivariate Analysis | Tail index estimation depends for its accuracy on a precise choice of the sample fraction, i.e., the number of extreme order statistics on which the estimation is based. A complete solution to the sample fraction selection is given by means of a two-step subsample bootstrap method. This method adaptively determines the sample fraction that minimizes the asymptotic mean-squared error. Unlike previous methods, prior knowledge of the second-order parameter is not required. In addition, we are able to dispense with the need for a prior estimate of the tail index which already converges roughly at the optimal rate. The only arbitrary choice of parameters is the number of Monte Carlo replications. © 2001 Academic Press. | ["Danielsson J.", "De Haan L.", "Peng L.", "De Vries C.G."] | ["6701666851", "7005592379", "7201574223", "7005874258"] | 2,001 | 225 | ["Tail index, bootstrap, bias, mean squared error, optimal extreme sample fraction"] | 10.1006/jmva.2000.1903 | Article | English | [{"id": "60003059", "name": "London School of Economics, London, United Kingdom", "fullName": "London School of Economics", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "London, United Kingdom", "departmentId": null}] |
771 | 44,437 | Topologically orderable groups | General Topology and its Applications | Topological groups whose topology can be induced by a total order are characterized up to homeomorphism. In particular, a non-metrizable topological group is in this class if and only if it has a totally ordered base at the identity consisting of (closed and) open subgroups. Another characterization is a generalization of an earlier result for metrizable groups. © 1975. | ["Nyikos P.J.", "Reichel H.-C."] | ["6603223207", "16514324400"] | 1,975 | 16 | ["algebraically ordered group", "covering dimension zero", "linearly orderable space", "non-Archimedean", "topologically orderable group", "Topologically ordered group", "topologilical group"] | 10.1016/0016-660X(75)90020-3 | Article | English | [{"id": "60000745", "name": "Department of Mathematics, University of Illinois, Urbana, Ill 61801, United States", "fullName": "Department of Mathematics, University of Illinois", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Urbana, Ill 61801, United States", "departmentId": "105292056"}, {"id": "60025988", "name": "Mathematical Institute, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria", "fullName": "Mathematical Institute, University of Vienna", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "Vienna, Austria", "departmentId": "104319445"}] |
772 | 44,476 | Partially coherent states of the real symplectic group | Journal of Mathematical Physics | In the present paper, we introduce partially coherent states for the positive discrete series irreducible representations <λ<sub>d</sub> + n/2,...,λ<sub>1</sub> + n/2> of Sp(2d,R), encountered in physical applications. These states are characterized by both continuous and discrete labels. The latter specify the row of the irreducible representation [λ<sub>1</sub>λ<sub>2</sub>⋯λ<sub>d</sub>] of the maximal compact subgroup U(d), while the former parametrize an element of the factor space Sp(2d,R)/H, where H is the Sp(2d,R) subgroup leaving the [λ<sub>1</sub>λ<sub>2</sub>⋯λ<sub>d</sub>] representation space invariant. We consider three classes of partially coherent states, respectively, generalizing the Perelomov and Barut-Girardello coherent states, as well as some recently introduced intermediate coherent states. We prove that each family of partially coherent states forms an overcomplete set in the representation space of <λ<sub>d</sub> + n/2,..., λ<sub>1</sub> + n/2>, and study its generating function properties. We show that it leads to a representation of the Sp(2d,R) generators in the form of differential operator matrices. Finally, we relate the latter to a boson representation, namely a generalized Dyson representation in the cases of Perelomov and Barut-Girardello partially coherent states, and a generalized Holstein-Primakoff representation in that of the intermediate partially coherent states. © 1984 American Institute of Physics. | ["Deenen J.", "Quesne C."] | ["16494147900", "56211941700"] | 1,984 | 59 | [] | 10.1063/1.526456 | Article | English | [{"id": "60000145", "name": "Physique Théorique et Mathématique CP 229, Université Libre de Bruxelles, B 1050 Brussels, Bd du Triomphe, Belgium", "fullName": "Physique Théorique et Mathématique CP 229, Université Libre de Bruxelles", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "B 1050 Brussels, Bd du Triomphe, Belgium", "departmentId": "105226150"}, {"id": null, "name": "F.N.R.S.", "fullName": "F.N.R.S.", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": null, "departmentId": null}] |
773 | 44,512 | Oscillators with chaotic behavior: An illustration of a theorem by Shil'nikov | Journal of Statistical Physics | Using an explicit one-parameter family of differential equations describing oscillators with feedback effects, we prove the existence of values of the parameters such that there exist infinitely many unstable periodic orbits of saddle type. The proof relies on a theorem by Shil'nikov which we propose as an explanation for the origin and structure of the chaotic behavior displayed by many well-known third-order differential systems. © 1982 Plenum Publishing Corporation. | ["Arneodo A.", "Coullet P.", "Tresser C."] | ["7006470900", "7003793002", "7004211835"] | 1,982 | 102 | ["homoclinic connection", "oscillator", "saddle focus", "Strange attractor"] | 10.1007/BF01011745 | Article | English | [{"id": "60110740", "name": "Laboratoire de Physique Théorique, Université de Nice Parc Valrose, Nice-Cedex, 06034, France", "fullName": "Laboratoire de Physique Théorique, Université de Nice Parc Valrose", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Nice-Cedex, 06034, France", "departmentId": "120475615"}, {"id": "60008134", "name": "Equipe de Recherche Associée au C.N.R.S, France", "fullName": "Equipe de Recherche Associée au C.N.R.S", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "France", "departmentId": null}, {"id": "60110693", "name": "Equipe de Mécanique Statistique, Université de Nice Parc Valrose, Nice Cedex, 06034, France", "fullName": "Equipe de Mécanique Statistique, Université de Nice Parc Valrose", "reference": "c", "fullAddress": "Nice Cedex, 06034, France", "departmentId": "124086842"}, {"id": "126105783", "name": "Laboratoire de Physique de la Matière Condensée Associée au C.N.R.S, France", "fullName": "Laboratoire de Physique de la Matière Condensée Associée au C.N.R.S", "reference": "d", "fullAddress": "France", "departmentId": null}] |
774 | 44,585 | Filtering coherent noise during prestack depth migration | Geophysics | We can often suppress short-period multiples by predictive deconvolution. We can often suppress coherent noise with significantly different moveout by time-invariant dip filtering on common-shot, common-receiver or NMO-corrected common-midpoint gathers. Unfortunately, even time variant dip filtering on NMO-corrected data breaks down in the presence of strong lateral velocity variation where the underlying NMO correction breaks down. Underattenuated multiples, converted waves, and diffracted head waves can significantly impede and/or degrade prestack migration-driven velocity analysis and amplitude variation with offset analysis as well as the quality of the final stacked image. Generalization of time-variant dip filtering based on conventional NMO corrections of common-midpoint gathers also breaks down for less conventional data processing situations where we wish to enhance data having non-hyperbolic moveout, such as converted wave energy or long-offset P-wave reflections in structurally deformed anisotropic media. We present a methodology that defines a depth-variant velocity filter based on an approximation to the true velocity/depth structure of the earth developed by the interpreter/processor during the normal course of their prestack imaging work flow. Velocity filtering in the depth domain requires the design and calibration of two new least-squares transforms: a constrained least-squares common offset Kirchhoff depth migration transform and a transform in residual migration-velocity moveout space. Each of these new least-squares transforms can be considered to be generalizations of the well-known discrete Radon transform commonly used in the oil and gas exploration industry. | ["Duquet B.", "Marfurt K.J."] | ["6602382779", "6603683444"] | 1,999 | 19 | [] | 10.1190/1.1444613 | Article | English | [{"id": "60006317", "name": "Inst. Francais du Petrole, Hélioparc Pau-Pyrenées, 64000 Pau, 2, Ave Pierre Angot, France", "fullName": "Inst. Francais du Petrole, Hélioparc Pau-Pyrenées", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "64000 Pau, 2, Ave Pierre Angot, France", "departmentId": null}, {"id": "60028556", "name": "Amoco Explor. Prod. Technol. Grp., Tulsa, OK 74102-3385, P.O. Box 3385, United States", "fullName": "Amoco Explor. Prod. Technol. Grp.", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "Tulsa, OK 74102-3385, P.O. Box 3385, United States", "departmentId": null}] |
775 | 44,592 | Object-based inhibition of return in static displays | Psychonomic Bulletin and Review | After attention has been oriented to a location, inhibition mechanisms prevent the return of attention shortly afterward. This inhibition can be associated with an object in such a way that after cuing attention to the object, inhibition can move with the object to a new location. Recent research has noted that the object-based inhibition of return effect in moving displays is much smaller than the effect observed in static displays, and hence may be of little functional utility. However, we demonstrate that, on the contrary, the large effects observed in static displays are produced precisely because of the existence of object-based frames, which can be additive with location-based frames of reference. | ["Jordan H.", "Tipper S.P."] | ["7102938048", "7006250568"] | 1,998 | 59 | [] | 10.3758/BF03208829 | Article | English | [{"id": "60025779", "name": "University of Wales, Bangor, Gwynedd, United Kingdom", "fullName": "University of Wales", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Bangor, Gwynedd, United Kingdom", "departmentId": null}, {"id": "60025779", "name": "School of Psychology, University of Wales, Bangor, Gwynedd, LL57 2DG, United Kingdom", "fullName": "School of Psychology, University of Wales", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "Bangor, Gwynedd, LL57 2DG, United Kingdom", "departmentId": "100272415"}] |
776 | 44,598 | Contributions to digit expansions with respect to linear recurrences | Journal of Number Theory | Extensions and improvements of a recent paper, "On Digit Expansions with Respect to Linear Recurrences" by A. Pethö and R. F. Tichy (J. Number Theory 33 (1989), 243-256) are established. Furthermore distribution properties mod 1 of the sequence (xs<sub>G</sub>(n)) are investigated, where s<sub>G</sub>(n) denotes the sum-of-digits function with respect to the linear recurrence G. © 1990. | ["Grabner P.J.", "Tichy R.F."] | ["7004031447", "7006377415"] | 1,990 | 43 | [] | 10.1016/0022-314X(90)90070-8 | Article | English | [{"id": "60018163", "name": "Institut für Analysis, Technische Mathematik und Versicherungsmathematik, Wiedner Hauptstrasse 8-10, 1040 Vienna, Austria", "fullName": null, "reference": "a", "fullAddress": null, "departmentId": "103930763"}] |
777 | 44,667 | Eigenvalues of covariance matrices: Application to neural-network learning | Physical Review Letters | The learing time of a simple neural-network model is obtained through an analytic computation of the eigenvalue spectrum for the Hessian matrix, which describes the second-order properties of the objective function in the space of coupling coefficients. The results are generic for symmetric matrices obtained by summing outer products of random vectors. The form of the eigenvalue distribution suggests new techniques for accelerating the learning process, and provides a theoretical justification for the choice of centered versus biased state variables. © 1991 The American Physical Society. | ["Cun Y.L.", "Kanter I.", "Solla S.A."] | ["55666793600", "24369458400", "6601975744"] | 1,991 | 74 | [] | 10.1103/PhysRevLett.66.2396 | Article | English | [{"id": "60021378", "name": "ATandT Bell Laboratories, Holmdel, NJ 07733, United States", "fullName": "ATandT Bell Laboratories", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Holmdel, NJ 07733, United States", "departmentId": null}, {"id": "60002765", "name": "Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 52100, Israel", "fullName": "Department of Physics, Bar-Ilan University", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "Ramat-Gan, 52100, Israel", "departmentId": "100266798"}] |
778 | 44,682 | Integrable Hamiltonian systems connected with graded Lie algebras | Journal of Soviet Mathematics | In this paper there is given a geometric scheme for constructing integrable Hamiltonian systems based on Lie groups, generalizing the construction of M. Adler. The operation of this scheme is considered for parabolic decompositions of semisimple Lie groups. Fundamental examples of integrable systems are connected with graded Lie algebras. Among them are the generalized periodic chains of Toda, multidimensional tops, and the motion of a point on various homogeneous spaces in a quadratic potential. © 1982 Plenum Publishing Corporation. | ["Reiman A.G."] | ["16473870300"] | 1,982 | 39 | [] | 10.1007/BF01091461 | Article | English | [] |
779 | 44,691 | Conversational Conventions, Order of Information Acquisition, and the Effect of Base Rates and Individuating Information on Social Judgments | Journal of Personality and Social Psychology | Numerous studies have shown that people underuse base-rate information in making social judgments and rely instead almost exclusively on individuating information. Seven studies reported here demonstrate that this occurred partly because most past studies gave subjects base-rate information before giving them individuating information. A recency effect in the use of base-rate and individuating information is demonstrated using a set of reasoning problems of varying character. The recency effect is shown to be the result of subjects' inferences (based on conversational conventions) that the experimenter believes that subjects should rely most on the piece of information presented last. Additional evidence discredits the hypothesis that the recency effect is due to heightened availability of more recently acquired information in memory. | ["Krosnick J.A.", "Li F.", "Lehman D.R."] | ["7003284799", "57198721235", "57208454992"] | 1,990 | 71 | [] | 10.1037/0022-3514.59.6.1140 | Article | English | [{"id": "60003500", "name": "Ohio State University, United States", "fullName": "Ohio State University", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "United States", "departmentId": null}, {"id": "60010365", "name": "University of British Columbia, Canada", "fullName": "University of British Columbia", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "Canada", "departmentId": null}] |
780 | 44,727 | Nonnegative splitting theory | Japan Journal of Industrial and Applied Mathematics | In this paper the nonnegative splitting theory, playing a fundamental role in the convergence analysis of iterative methods for solving large linear equation systems with monotone matrices and representing a broad class of physical and engineering problems, is formulated. As the main result of this theory, it is possible to make the comparison of spectral radii of iteration matrices in particular iterative methods. © 1994 JJIAM Publishing Committee. | ["Woźnicki Z.I."] | ["6602134016"] | 1,994 | 97 | ["comparison theorems", "eigenvalues", "eigenvectors", "iterative methods", "linear equation systems", "monotone matrices", "nonnegative", "regular", "splittings", "weak nonnegative and weak"] | 10.1007/BF03167226 | Article | English | [{"id": "60085354", "name": "Institute of Atomic Energy, Otwock-Swierk, 05-400, Poland", "fullName": "Institute of Atomic Energy", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Otwock-Swierk, 05-400, Poland", "departmentId": null}] |
781 | 44,790 | Microemulsions and organogels: Properties and novel applications | Advanced Materials | The phase behavior of surfactant – oil – water mixtures gives rise to a wide variety of possible equilibrium systems, including microemulsions. The Figure shows one model for a gelatin‐containing microemulsion‐based organogel deduced from data from small‐angle neutron scattering. The conditions required and the stability of microemulsions are briefly reviewed before their applications, and the supramolecular architectures they provide, are considered in more detail. (Figure Presented.) Copyright © 1993 Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim | ["Rees G.D.", "Robinson B.H."] | ["34974678400", "16492600000"] | 1,993 | 87 | [] | 10.1002/adma.19930050903 | Review | English | [{"id": "60000112", "name": "School of Chemical Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, United Kingdom", "fullName": "School of Chemical Sciences, University of East Anglia", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Norwich, NR4 7TJ, United Kingdom", "departmentId": "116255378"}] |
782 | 44,822 | Bayesian design for accelerated life testing | Journal of Statistical Planning and Inference | In this paper we study experimental design for accelerated life tests where the lifetimes have either lognormal distributions or Weibull distributions. We assume that the quantities of interest are quantiles of the lifetime distribution at a specified stress and that the log lifetime decreases as a function of stress. There is an upper limit on the stress that can be used in the experiment and a fixed period of time in which to perform the experiment so that there is type I censoring when the experiment is terminated. Examples are given and it is shown that locally optimal designs, which correspond to putting a point mass prior distribution on the parameters, are very similar to Bayesian designs, which allow for prior uncertainty in the parameter values. © 1992. | ["Chaloner K.", "Larntz K."] | ["6603963972", "6602859079"] | 1,992 | 63 | ["Optimal design", "reliability testing"] | 10.1016/0378-3758(92)90071-Y | Article | English | [{"id": "60029445", "name": "School of Statistics, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, United States", "fullName": "School of Statistics, University of Minnesota", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "St. Paul, MN, United States", "departmentId": "104490189"}] |
783 | 44,838 | Comparison of single- and dual-pass multiply-add fused floating-point units | IEEE Transactions on Computers | Low power, low cost, and high performance factors dictate the design of many microprocessors targeted to the low-power computing market. The floating-point unit occupies a significant percentage of the silicon area in a microprocessor due its wide data bandwidth (for double-precision computations) and the area occupied by the multiply array. For microprocessors designed for portable products, the design-size of the floating-point unit plays an important role in the low cost factor driven by reduced chip area. Some microprocessors have multiply-add fused floating-point units with a reduced multiply array, requiring two passes through the array for operations involving double-precision multiplies. This paper discusses the design complexities around the dual-pass multiply array and its effect on area and performance. Floating-point unit areas and their associated multiply array areas are compared for a single- and dual-pass implementation in a given technology (PowerPC 604eTM and PowerPC 603eTM microprocessors, respectively). © 1998 IEEE. | ["Jessani R.M.", "Putrino M."] | ["6506139395", "6602446160"] | 1,998 | 40 | ["Alignment shifter", "Booth encoding", "Floating-point unit", "Multiply array", "Multiply-add fused", "Sign encoding"] | 10.1109/12.713312 | Review | English | [{"id": "123754301", "name": "Ross Technology, Inc., Austin, TX 78735, 5316 Hwy 290 W., United States", "fullName": "Ross Technology, Inc.", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Austin, TX 78735, 5316 Hwy 290 W., United States", "departmentId": null}, {"id": "60021293", "name": "IBM Corp., International Mail Drop 6301, Austin, TX 78758, 11400 Burnet Rd., United States", "fullName": "IBM Corp., International Mail Drop 6301", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "Austin, TX 78758, 11400 Burnet Rd., United States", "departmentId": null}, {"id": "60000251", "name": "IEEE", "fullName": "IEEE", "reference": "c", "fullAddress": null, "departmentId": null}] |
784 | 45,013 | Incremental unknowns for solving partial differential equations | Numerische Mathematik | Incremental unknowns have been proposed in [T] as a method to approximate fractal attractors by using finite difference approximations of evolution equations. In the case of linear elliptic problems, the utilization of incremental unknown methods provides a new way for solving such problems using several levels of discretization; the method is similar but different from the classical multigrid method. In this article we describe the application of incremental unknowns for solving Laplace equations in dimensions one and two. We provide theoretical results concerning two-level approximations and we report on numerical tests done with multi-level approximations. © 1991 Springer-Verlag. | ["Chen M.", "Temam R."] | ["57208605264", "7005295515"] | 1,991 | 57 | ["Subject classifications: AMS(MOS): 65F10, 65F35, 65N20, 35A40, CR: G1.8"] | 10.1007/BF01385779 | Article | English | [{"id": "60021121", "name": "Institute for Applied Mathematics and Scientific Computing, Indiana University, Bloomington, 47405, IN, 618 East Third Street, United States", "fullName": "Institute for Applied Mathematics and Scientific Computing, Indiana University", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Bloomington, 47405, IN, 618 East Third Street, United States", "departmentId": "104068481"}, {"id": "60106017", "name": "Laboratoire d'Analyse Numérique, Université de Paris-Sud, Orsay Cedex, F-91405, Bâtiment 425, France", "fullName": "Laboratoire d'Analyse Numérique, Université de Paris-Sud", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "Orsay Cedex, F-91405, Bâtiment 425, France", "departmentId": "124011641"}] |
785 | 45,033 | α‐Bungaratoxin structure revealed by a rapid method for averaging electron density of non‐crystallographically translationally related molecules | Acta Crystallographica Section A | null | ["Agard D.A.", "Stroud R.M."] | ["7005129740", "56869750200"] | 1,982 | 62 | [] | 10.1107/S0567739482000436 | Article | English | [] |
786 | 45,075 | A Description of Claw-Free Perfect Graphs | Journal of Combinatorial Theory. Series B | It is known that all claw-free perfect graphs can be decomposed via clique-cutsets into two types of indecomposable graphs respectively called elementary and peculiar (1988, V. Chvátal and N. Sbihi,J. Combin. Theory Ser. B44, 154-176). We show here that every elementary graph is made up in a well-defined way of a line-graph of bipartite graph and some local augments consisting of complements of bipartite graphs. This yields a complete description of the structure of claw-free Berge graphs and a new proof of their perfectness. © 1999 Academic Press. | ["Maffray F.", "Reed B.A."] | ["6603915714", "57203031628"] | 1,999 | 29 | [] | 10.1006/jctb.1998.1872 | Article | English | [{"id": "60008134", "name": "Laboratoire Leibniz, IMAG, CNRS, 38031, Grenoble Cedex 1, 46 Avenue Félix Viallet, France", "fullName": "Laboratoire Leibniz, IMAG, CNRS", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "38031, Grenoble Cedex 1, 46 Avenue Félix Viallet, France", "departmentId": null}, {"id": "60001422", "name": "EPR 175 combinatoire (Case 189), CNRS, Univ. Pierre et Marie Curie, 75252, Paris Cedex 05, 4 place Jussieu, France", "fullName": "EPR 175 combinatoire (Case 189), CNRS, Univ. Pierre et Marie Curie", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "75252, Paris Cedex 05, 4 place Jussieu, France", "departmentId": null}] |
787 | 45,155 | A numerical study of finite-size scaling for first-order phase transitions | Nuclear Physics, Section B | We have performed a very high statistics numerical simulation of the q = 10 and q = 7 two-dimensional Potts models, in the transition region. Results are compared to the rigorous asymptotic predictions of Borgs, Kotecký and Miracle-Sole. The leading behavior as a function of the lattice size does agree with predictions. The expected next to leading terms are not always see, and we observe sizable non-scaling corrections, which theory predicts to become exponentially small on large lattices. © 1992. | ["Billoire A.", "Lacaze R.", "Morel A."] | ["6701848860", "22967835900", "7103412595"] | 1,992 | 39 | [] | 10.1016/0550-3213(92)90431-A | Article | English | [{"id": "60007816", "name": "Service de Physique Théorique, Saclay Laboratoire de la Direction des Sciences de la Matière, CEA, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France", "fullName": "Service de Physique Théorique, Saclay Laboratoire de la Direction des Sciences de la Matière, CEA", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "91191 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France", "departmentId": null}] |
788 | 45,173 | Application of Threshold-Accepting to the Evaluation of the Discrepancy of A Set of Points | SIAM Journal on Numerical Analysis | Efficient routines for multidimensional numerical integration are provided by quasiMonte Carlo methods. These methods are based on evaluating the integrand at a set of representative points of the integration area. A set may be called representative if it shows a low discrepancy. However, in dimensions higher than two and for a large number of points the evaluation of discrepancy becomes infeasible. The use of the efficient multiple-purpose heuristic threshold-accepting offers the possibility to obtain at least good approximations to the discrepancy of a given set of points. This paper presents an implementation of the threshold-accepting heuristic, an assessment of its performance for some small examples, and results for larger sets of points with unknown discrepancy. | ["Winker P.", "Fang K.-T."] | ["6601994819", "7102880697"] | 1,997 | 87 | ["Discrepancy", "Number-theoretic methods", "Numerical integration", "Threshold-accepting"] | 10.1137/S0036142995286076 | Article | English | [{"id": "60006341", "name": "Fak. Für Volkswirtschaftslehve, Universität Mannheim, D-68131 Mannheim, Germany", "fullName": "Fak. Für Volkswirtschaftslehve, Universität Mannheim", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "D-68131 Mannheim, Germany", "departmentId": "103361860"}, {"id": "60014347", "name": "Department of Mathematics, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, 224 Waterloo Road, Hong Kong", "fullName": "Department of Mathematics, Hong Kong Baptist University", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "Kowloon, 224 Waterloo Road, Hong Kong", "departmentId": "109639099"}] |
789 | 45,180 | Strategies for Optimizing the Mobile Phase in Planar Chromatography | Chemical Reviews | null | ["Nurok D."] | ["7004059704"] | 1,989 | 44 | [] | 10.1021/cr00092a007 | Article | English | [{"id": "60024609", "name": "Department of Chemistry, Indiana University-Purdue University at Indianapolis, Indianapolis, Indiana 46223, United States", "fullName": "Department of Chemistry, Indiana University-Purdue University at Indianapolis", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Indianapolis, Indiana 46223, United States", "departmentId": "108271197"}] |
790 | 45,208 | Integration of atoms in molecules: A critical examination | Molecular Physics | The theory of atoms in molecules rigorously defines reliable, accurate, consistent and stable average atomic properties. Obtaining these properties poses a complicated integration which is revisited in this paper and critically examined ab ovo. An integration algorithm using an analytical representation of the interatomic surface is proposed. This new technique is implemented in the program MORPHY 2.0, allowing automatic integration of all atoms in one input deck without external topological information. The present algorithm is illustrated via a few selected molecules with emphasis on the accuracy of (high) atomic electrostatic moments. It is shown that the theory of ‘atoms in molecules’ yields sufficiently accurate moments to reproduce the exact ab initio electrostatic potential. © 1996 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC. | ["Popelier P.L.A."] | ["7003472410"] | 1,996 | 96 | [] | 10.1080/00268979600100781 | Article | English | [{"id": "60031101", "name": "University Chemical Laboratory, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, Lensfield Road, United Kingdom", "fullName": "University Chemical Laboratory", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Cambridge, CB2 1EW, Lensfield Road, United Kingdom", "departmentId": null}] |
791 | 45,346 | On duality in supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory | Physics Letters B | We discuss non-abelian SU(N<sub>c</sub>) gauge theory coupled to an adjoint chiral superfield X, and a number of fundamental chiral superfields Q<sup>i</sup>. Using duality, we show that turning on a superpotential W(X) = TrΣ<sub>l=1</sub><sup>k</sup> g<sub>l</sub>X<sup>l+1</sup> leads to non-trivial long distance dynamics, a large number of multicritical IR fixed points and vacua, connected to each other by varying the coefficients g<sub>l</sub>. © 1995. | ["Kutasov D.", "Schwimmer A."] | ["7003379162", "7004227220"] | 1,995 | 167 | [] | 10.1016/0370-2693(95)00676-C | Article | English | [{"id": "60029278", "name": "Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, United States", "fullName": "Enrico Fermi Institute, Department of Physics, University of Chicago", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Chicago, IL 60637, United States", "departmentId": "122926046"}, {"id": "60017563", "name": "Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 76100, Israel", "fullName": "Department of Physics of Complex Systems, Weizmann Institute of Science", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "Rehovot, 76100, Israel", "departmentId": "103907054"}] |
792 | 45,435 | Quantum Monte Carlo methods for rovibrational states of molecular systems | Journal of Chemical Physics | We present applications to molecular problems of a recently developed quantum Monte Carlo algorithm [Phys. Rev. E 55, 3664 (1997)] for the calculation of excited state energies of multi-dimensional quantum systems, employing a projection operator imaginary time spectral evolution (POITSE). The extraction of vibrational energies is demonstrated on a double well potential and on two coupled harmonic oscillators, and on excited rotational states of a rotating harmonic oscillator. All energies extracted by the quantum Monte Carlo algorithm are in good agreement with exact results, showing that the new method is very promising for the calculation of tunneling splittings, and of vibrational and rotational excitations in real multi-dimensional molecular systems. © 1997 American Institute of Physics. | ["Blume D.", "Lewerenz M.", "Whaley K.B."] | ["7003591885", "6602552319", "22973344800"] | 1,997 | 30 | [] | 10.1063/1.3392834 | Article | English | [{"id": "60027924", "name": "Max-Planck-Inst. Stromungsforschung, D-37073 Göttingen, Bunsenstr.10, Germany", "fullName": "Max-Planck-Inst. Stromungsforschung", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "D-37073 Göttingen, Bunsenstr.10, Germany", "departmentId": null}, {"id": "60025038", "name": "Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, United States", "fullName": "Department of Chemistry, University of California", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "Berkeley, CA 94720, United States", "departmentId": "105292543"}] |
793 | 45,541 | Linear recursive filters and nonlinear dynamics | Nonlinearity | In this paper we investigate the effects of filtering a chaotic time series with a linear IIR filter. Using the Kaplan and Yorke conjecture it has been argued that such filtering can result in an increase in information dimension. Here we show that the filter dynamics induce an extended dynamical system and that this system possesses a globally attracting invariant graph over the base system. Using this framework we obtain sufficient conditions on the filter dynamics that guarantee that the dimension remains unchanged. © 1996 IOP Publishing Ltd and LMS Publishing Ltd. | ["Davies M.E.", "Campbell K.M."] | ["56316220100", "8638597900"] | 1,996 | 37 | [] | 10.1088/0951-7715/9/2/012 | Article | English | [{"id": "60022148", "name": "Centre for Nonlinear Dynamics and Its Applications, UCL, London, Gower Street, United Kingdom", "fullName": "Centre for Nonlinear Dynamics and Its Applications, UCL", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "London, Gower Street, United Kingdom", "departmentId": "104132991"}] |
794 | 45,555 | Attitude control of underactuated spacecraft | European Journal of Control | In this paper we consider the problem of maneuvering an axisymmetric spacecraft in the case that no torques about the symmetry axis can be exerted, for example due to a thruster failure. Explicit control laws are derived which steer such a spacecraft between states of pure spin between prescribed attitudes. These laws are found by minimizing a cost functional measuring the suitably weighted overall angular velocities during the maneuver. In arriving at the solution, differential geometric techniques in the theory of optimal control are used. © 2000 EUCA. | ["Spindler K."] | ["7101662771"] | 2,000 | 14 | ["Attitude control", "Differential geometric control theory", "Optimal control"] | 10.1016/S0947-3580(00)71130-7 | Article | English | [{"id": "60021233", "name": "Fachhochschule Wiesbaden, Fachbereich MNDU, D-65197 Wiesbaden, Kurt-Schumacher-Ring 18, Germany", "fullName": "Fachhochschule Wiesbaden, Fachbereich MNDU", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "D-65197 Wiesbaden, Kurt-Schumacher-Ring 18, Germany", "departmentId": "119628921"}] |
795 | 45,596 | Type i factor representations of noncommutative JB*-Algebras | Proceedings of the London Mathematical Society | null | ["Payá-Albert R.", "Pérez-Gonzalez J.", "Rodríguez-Palacios A."] | ["24788041100", "57165731900", "7005622989"] | 1,984 | 26 | [] | 10.1112/plms/s3-48.3.428 | Article | English | [{"id": "60027844", "name": "Universidad de Granada, Departamento de Teoria de Funciones, Granada, Spain", "fullName": "Universidad de Granada, Departamento de Teoria de Funciones", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Granada, Spain", "departmentId": "109553793"}] |
796 | 45,597 | CTEQ parton distributions and flavor dependence of sea quarks | Physics Letters B | This paper describes salient features of new sets of parton distributions obtained by the CTEQ Collaboration based on a comprehensive QCD global analysis of all available data. The accuracy of the new data on deep inelastic scattering structure functions obtained by the very high statistics NMC and CCFR experiments provides unprecedented sensitivity to the flavor dependence of the sea-quark distributions. In addition to much better determination of the small-x dependence of all parton distributions, we found: (i) the strange quark distribution is much softer than the non-strange sea quarks and rises above the latter at small-x; and (ii) the difference d-u changes sign as a function of x. A few alternative sets of viable distributions with conventional assumptions are also discussed. © 1993. | ["Botts J.", "Morfin J.G.", "Owens J.F.", "Qiu J.", "Tung W.-K.", "Weerts H."] | ["24368009400", "6603689325", "15042834600", "7403310021", "22977461100", "57202728325"] | 1,993 | 250 | [] | 10.1016/0370-2693(93)91416-K | Article | English | [{"id": "60031707", "name": "Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States", "fullName": "Michigan State University", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "East Lansing, MI, United States", "departmentId": null}, {"id": "60013881", "name": "Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, United States", "fullName": "Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "Batavia, IL 60510, United States", "departmentId": null}, {"id": "60002092", "name": "Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL, United States", "fullName": "Florida State University", "reference": "c", "fullAddress": "Tallahassee, FL, United States", "departmentId": null}, {"id": "60004354", "name": "Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States", "fullName": "Iowa State University", "reference": "d", "fullAddress": "Ames, IA, United States", "departmentId": null}] |
797 | 45,623 | An open-structured random solid [3] | Nature | null | ["Hutchison H.P.", "Sutherland D.N."] | ["16044828100", "57213277457"] | 1,965 | 29 | [] | 10.1038/2061036a0 | Letter | English | [{"id": "60031101", "name": "Shell Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Cambridge", "fullName": "Shell Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Cambridge", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": null, "departmentId": "105373704"}] |
798 | 45,642 | Production frontiers, panel data, and time-varying technical inefficiency | Journal of Econometrics | This paper uses a panel-data framework and models firm-specific technical inefficiency which is allowed to vary over time. The specification is flexible enough to accommodate increasing, decreasing, and time-invariant behavior of technical inefficiency. Time-varying firm- and input-specific allocative inefficiency is also incorporated. The estimation method suggested uses a parametric production function and cost-minimization hypothesis. © 1990. | ["Kumbhakar S.C."] | ["7004653533"] | 1,990 | 374 | [] | 10.1016/0304-4076(90)90055-X | Article | English | [{"id": "60013372", "name": "University of Texas, Austin, TX 78712, United States", "fullName": "University of Texas", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Austin, TX 78712, United States", "departmentId": null}] |
799 | 45,702 | Measurement of Γ<sub>bb</sub> Γ<sub>had</sub> from hadronic decays of the Z | Physics Letters B | We report a measurement of R<sub>b</sub> = Γ<sub>bb</sub>Γ<sub>had</sub> from Z → qq events at LEP. Z → bb events are identified using a multidimensional analysis based on a neural network approach. We obtain 60% sample purity with an efficiency of 35%. Our measured value of R<sub>b</sub> is 0.222±0.003±0.007. © 1993. | ["Adrian O.", "Aguilar-Benitez M.", "Ahlen S.", "Alcaraz J.", "Aloisio A.", "Alverson G.", "Alviggi M.G.", "Ambrosi G.", "An Q.", "Anderhub H.", "Anderson A.L.", "Andreev V.P.", "Antonov L.", "Antreasyan D.", "Arce P.", "Arefiev A.", "Atamanchuk A.", "Azemoon T.", "Aziz T.", "Baba P.V.K.S.", "Bachmann S.", "Bagnaia P.", "Bakken J.A.", "Baksay L.", "Ball R.C.", "Banerjee S.", "Bao J.", "Barillère R.", "Barone L.", "Baschirotto A.", "Battiston R.", "Bay A.", "Becattini F.", "Becker U.", "Behner F.", "Behrens J.", "Bencze Gy.L.", "Berdugo J.", "Berges P.", "Bertucci B.", "Betev B.L.", "Biasini M.", "Biland A.", "Bilei G.M.", "Bizzarri R.", "Blaising J.J.", "Bobbink G.J.", "Bock R.", "Böhm A.", "Borgia B.", "Bosetti M.", "Bourilkov D.", "Bourquin M.", "Boutigny D.", "Bouwens B.", "Brambilla E.", "Branson J.G.", "Brock I.C.", "Brooks M.", "Bujak A.", "Burger J.D.", "Burger W.J.", "Busenitz J.", "Buytenhuijs A.", "Cai X.D.", "Capell M.", "Caria M.", "Carlino G.", "Cartacci A.M.", "Castello R.", "Cerrada M.", "Cesaroni F.", "Chang Y.H.", "Chaturvedi U.K.", "Chemarin M.", "Chen A.", "Chen C.", "Chen G.M.", "Chen H.F.", "Chen H.S.", "Chen M.", "Chen W.Y.", "Chiefari G.", "Chien C.Y.", "Choi M.T.", "Chung S.", "Civinini C.", "Clare I.", "Clare R.", "Coan T.E.", "Cohn H.O.", "Coignet G.", "Colino N.", "Contin A.", "Cui X.T.", "Cui X.Y.", "Dai T.S.", "D'Alessandro R.", "de Asmundis R.", "Degré A.", "Deiters K.", "Dénes E.", "Denes P.", "DeNotaristefani F.", "Dhina M.", "DiBitonto D.", "Diemoz M.", "Dimitrov H.R.", "Dionisi C.", "Djambazov L.", "Dova M.T.", "Drago E.", "Duchesneau D.", "Duinker P.", "Duran I.", "Easo S.", "El Mamouni H.", "Engler A.", "Eppling F.J.", "Erné F.C.", "Extermann P.", "Fabbretti R.", "Fabre M.", "Falciano S.", "Fan S.J.", "Fackler O.", "Fay J.", "Felcini M.", "Fergusson T.", "Fernandez D.", "Fernandez G.", "Ferroni F.", "Fesefeldt H.", "Fiandrini E.", "Field J.", "Filthaut F.", "Finocchiaro G.", "Fisher P.H.", "Forconi G.", "Foreman T.", "Freudenreich K.", "Friebel W.", "Fukushima M.", "Gailloud M.", "Galaktionov Yu.", "Gallo E.", "Ganguli S.N.", "Garcia-Abia P.", "Gele D.", "Gentile S.", "Goldfarb S.", "Gong Z.F.", "Gonzalez E.", "Gougas A.", "Goujon D.", "Gratta G.", "Gruenewald M.", "Gu C.", "Guanziroli M.", "Guo J.K.", "Gupta V.K.", "Gurtu A.", "Gustafson H.R.", "Gutay L.J.", "Hangarter K.", "Hasan A.", "Hauschildt D.", "He C.F.", "He J.T.", "Hebbeker T.", "Hebert M.", "Herten G.", "Hervé A.", "Hilgers K.", "Hofer H.", "Hoorani H.", "Hu G.", "Hu G.Q.", "Ille B.", "Ilyas M.M.", "Innocente V.", "Janssen H.", "Jezequel S.", "Jin B.N.", "Jones L.W.", "Kasser A.", "Khan R.A.", "Kamyshkov Yu.", "Kapinos P.", "Kapustinsky J.S.", "Karyotakis Y.", "Kaur M.", "Khokhar S.", "Kienzle-Focacci M.N.", "Kim J.K.", "Kim S.C.", "Kim Y.G.", "Kinnison W.W.", "Kirkby A.", "Kirkby D.", "Kirsch S.", "Kittel W.", "Klimentov A.", "König A.C.", "Koffeman E.", "Kornadt O.", "Koutsenko V.", "Koulbardis A.", "Kraemer R.W.", "Kramer T.", "Krastev V.R.", "Krenz W.", "Krivshich A.", "Kuijten H.", "Kumar K.S.", "Kunin A.", "Landi G.", "Lanske D.", "Lanzano S.", "Lebrun P.", "Lecomte P.", "Lecoq P.", "Le Coultre P.", "Lee D.M.", "Leedom I.", "Leggett C.", "Le Goff J.M.", "Leiste R.", "Lenti M.", "Leonardi E.", "Leytens X.", "Li C.", "Li H.T.", "Li P.J.", "Liao J.Y.", "Lin W.T.", "Lin Z.Y.", "Linde F.L.", "Lindemann B.", "Lista L.", "Liu Y.", "Lohmann W.", "Longo E.", "Lu Y.S.", "Lubbers J.M.", "Lübelsmeyer K.", "Luci C.", "Luckey D.", "Ludovici L.", "Luminari L.", "Lustermann W.", "Ma J.M.", "Ma W.G.", "MacDermott M.", "Malhotra P.K.", "Malik R.", "Malinin A.", "Maña C.", "Maolinbay M.", "Marchesini P.", "Marion F.", "Marin A.", "Martin J.P.", "Martinez-Laso L.", "Marzano F.", "Massaro G.G.G.", "Mazumdar K.", "McBride P.", "McMahon T.", "McNally D.", "Merk M.", "Merola L.", "Meschini M.", "Metzger W.J.", "Mi Y.", "Mills G.B.", "Mir Y.", "Mirabelli G.", "Mnich J.", "Möller M.", "Monteleoni B.", "Morand R.", "Morganti S.", "Moulai N.E.", "Mount R.", "Müller S.", "Nadtochv A.", "Nagy E.", "Napolitano M.", "Nessi-Tedaldi F.", "Newman H.", "Neyer C.", "Niaz M.A.", "Nippe A.", "Nowak H.", "Organtini G.", "Pandoulas D.", "Paoletti S.", "Paolucci P.", "Pascala G.", "Passaleva G.", "Patricelli S.", "Paul T.", "Pauluzzi M.", "Paus C.", "Pauss F.", "Pei Y.J.", "Pensotti S.", "Perret-Gallix D.", "Perrier J.", "Pevsner A.", "Piccolo D.", "Pieri M.", "Piroué P.A.", "Plasil F.", "Plyaskin V.", "Pohl M.", "Pojidaev V.", "Postema H.", "Oi Z.D.", "Qian J.M.", "Qureshi K.N.", "Raghavan R.", "Rahal-Callot G.", "Rancoita P.G.", "Rattaggi M.", "Raven G.", "Razis P.", "Read K.", "Ren D.", "Ren Z.", "Rescigno M.", "Reucroft S.", "Ricker A.", "Riemann S.", "Riemers B.C.", "Riles K.", "Rind O.", "Rizvi H.A.", "Rodriguez F.J.", "Roe B.P.", "Röhner M.", "Röhner S.", "Romero L.", "Rose J.", "Rosier-Lees S.", "Rosmalen R.", "Rosselet Ph.", "van Rossum W.", "Roth S.", 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"35876735300"] | 1,993 | 0 | [] | 10.1016/0370-2693(93)90214-3 | Article | English | [{"id": "60016653", "name": "I. 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La Sapienza, Italy", "fullName": "INFN-Sezione di Roma, University of Rome", "reference": "ai", "fullAddress": "I-00185 Rome, La Sapienza, Italy", "departmentId": null}, {"id": "60014977", "name": "Nuclear Physics Institute, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation", "fullName": "Nuclear Physics Institute", "reference": "aj", "fullAddress": "St. Petersburg, Russian Federation", "departmentId": "103770693"}, {"id": "60030612", "name": "University of California, San Diego, CA 92093, United States", "fullName": "University of California", "reference": "ak", "fullAddress": "San Diego, CA 92093, United States", "departmentId": null}, {"id": "60028419", "name": "Dept. de Fisica de Particulas Elementales, Univ. de Santiago, E-15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain", "fullName": "Dept. de Fisica de Particulas Elementales, Univ. de Santiago", "reference": "al", "fullAddress": "E-15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain", "departmentId": "104439361"}, {"id": "60020044", "name": "Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, SIC, Shanghai, China", "fullName": "Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, SIC", "reference": "am", "fullAddress": "Shanghai, China", "departmentId": null}, {"id": "60024147", "name": "Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Mechatronics, BU-1113 Sofia, Bulgaria", "fullName": "Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Mechatronics", "reference": "an", "fullAddress": "BU-1113 Sofia, Bulgaria", "departmentId": "104220202"}, {"id": "60032144", "name": "Center for High Energy Physics, Korea Advanced Inst. of Sciences and Technology, 305-701 Taejon, South Korea", "fullName": "Center for High Energy Physics, Korea Advanced Inst. of Sciences and Technology", "reference": "ao", "fullAddress": "305-701 Taejon, South Korea", "departmentId": "104633398"}, {"id": "60025371", "name": "University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35486, United States", "fullName": "University of Alabama", "reference": "ap", "fullAddress": "Tuscaloosa, AL 35486, United States", "departmentId": null}, {"id": "60009254", "name": "Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States", "fullName": "Purdue University", "reference": "aq", "fullAddress": "West Lafayette, IN 47907, United States", "departmentId": null}, {"id": "60020195", "name": "Paul Scherrer Institut, PSI, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland", "fullName": "Paul Scherrer Institut, PSI", "reference": "ar", "fullAddress": "CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland", "departmentId": null}, {"id": "60030635", "name": "DESY-Institut für Hochenergiephysik, O- 1615 Zeuthen, Germany", "fullName": "DESY-Institut für Hochenergiephysik", "reference": "as", "fullAddress": "O- 1615 Zeuthen, Germany", "departmentId": null}, {"id": "60025858", "name": "Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule, ETH Zürich, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland", "fullName": "Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule, ETH Zürich", "reference": "at", "fullAddress": "CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland", "departmentId": null}, {"id": "60028229", "name": "University of Hamburg, W-2000 Hamburg, Germany", "fullName": "University of Hamburg", "reference": "au", "fullAddress": "W-2000 Hamburg, Germany", "departmentId": null}, {"id": "100318508", "name": "High Energy Physics Group, Taiwan", "fullName": "High Energy Physics Group", "reference": "av", "fullAddress": "Taiwan", "departmentId": null}] |
800 | 45,816 | Bogomol'nyi bounds for cosmic strings | Nuclear Physics, Section B | We establish Bogomol'nyi inequalities for the deficit angle of some cylindrically symmetric asymptotically local flat (CALF) spacetimes containing cosmic strings. These results prove the stability against arbitrary cylindrical deformations of those configurations which saturate the bound. Such configuration satisfy first order equations which can, in some cases, be solved exactly. © 1988. | ["Comtet A.", "Gibbons G.W."] | ["24549901800", "55142721800"] | 1,988 | 101 | [] | 10.1016/0550-3213(88)90370-7 | Article | English | [{"id": "60008134", "name": "Division de Physique Théorique Laboratoire associé au CNRS., Institut de Physique Nucléaire, 91406 Orsay Cedex, France", "fullName": "Division de Physique Théorique Laboratoire associé au CNRS., Institut de Physique Nucléaire", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "91406 Orsay Cedex, France", "departmentId": null}, {"id": "121552494", "name": "Laboratoire de Physique Théorique, l'Ecole Normale Supérieure, France", "fullName": "Laboratoire de Physique Théorique, l'Ecole Normale Supérieure", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "France", "departmentId": null}, {"id": "60031101", "name": "DAMTP, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 9EW, Silver Street, United Kingdom", "fullName": "DAMTP, University of Cambridge", "reference": "c", "fullAddress": "Cambridge, CB3 9EW, Silver Street, United Kingdom", "departmentId": null}] |
801 | 45,824 | LiSGaF offers performance edge over LiSAF | Laser Focus World | In direct comparisons, low-loss Cr:LiSGaF generates higher power than low-loss Cr:LiSAF, while remaining thermally more robust for simplified cooling and reduced susceptibility to damage. | ["Cassanho A.", "Jenssen H."] | ["6701535791", "7006773039"] | 1,997 | 6 | [] | null | Review | English | [{"id": "60114444", "name": "VLOC, II-VI Incorporated, Tarpon Springs, FL 34689, United States", "fullName": "VLOC, II-VI Incorporated", "reference": "a", "fullAddress": "Tarpon Springs, FL 34689, United States", "departmentId": null}, {"id": "60022144", "name": "Ctr. Res. Educ. in Opt. and Lasers, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, United States", "fullName": "Ctr. Res. Educ. in Opt. and Lasers, University of Central Florida", "reference": "b", "fullAddress": "Orlando, FL 32816, United States", "departmentId": "104132313"}] |
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