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Re: Hanbing Song, Bobak Seddighzadeh, Matthew R. Cooperberg, Franklin W. Huang. Expression of ACE2 and TMPRSS2, the SARS-CoV-2 Receptor and Co-Receptor, in Prostate Epithelial Cells. Eur Urol. In press | |
Phage Display: A Powerful Technology for the Generation of High-Specificity Affinity Reagents from Alternative Immune Sources | Antibodies are critical reagents in many fundamental biochemical methods such as affinity chromatography, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA), flow cytometry, western blotting, immunoprecipitation, and immunohistochemistry techniques. As our understanding of the proteome becomes more complex, demand is rising fo... |
Ebola virus VP35 has novel NTPase and helicase-like activities | Ebola virus (EBOV) is a non-segmented, negative-sense RNA virus (NNSV) in the family Filoviridae, and is recognized as one of the most lethal pathogens in the planet. For RNA viruses, cellular or virus-encoded RNA helicases play pivotal roles in viral life cycles by remodelling viral RNA structures and/or unwinding vir... |
Inhibition of Chikungunya virus by an adenosine analog targeting the SAM‐dependent nsP1 methyltransferase | Alphaviruses, including Chikungunya (CHIKV) and Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (VEEV), are among the leading causes of recurrent epidemics all over the world. Alphaviral nonstructural protein 1 (nsP1) orchestrates the capping of nascent viral RNA via its S‐adenosyl methionine‐dependent N‐7‐methyltransferase (MTas... |
Spectrum of chest computed tomographic (CT) findings in coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) patients in India | PURPOSE: To report the spectrum of chest computed tomographic (CT) imaging findings in coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) infected Indian patients. METHODS: This was a prospective descriptive study comprising 147 consecutive reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) positive patients who underwent CT ches... |
Report of the ‘Mechanisms of lung injury and immunomodulator interventions in influenza’ workshop, 21 March 2010, Ventura, California, USA | Please cite this paper as: Howard et al. (2011) Report of the ‘Mechanisms of lung injury and immunomodulator interventions in influenza’ workshop, 21 March 2010, Ventura, California, USA*. Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses 5(6), 453–e475. The clinical course of influenza and the extent of lung injury are determin... |
Stimulation of reverse transcriptase generated cDNAs with specific indels by template RNA structure: retrotransposon, dNTP balance, RT-reagent usage | RNA dependent DNA-polymerases, reverse transcriptases, are key enzymes for retroviruses and retroelements. Their fidelity, including indel generation, is significant for their use as reagents including for deep sequencing. Here, we report that certain RNA template structures and G-rich sequences, ahead of diverse rever... |
Evidence-Based Process for Prioritizing Positive Behaviors for Promotion: Zika Prevention in Latin America and the Caribbean and Applicability to Future Health Emergency Responses | Since the 2015 Zika outbreak in Latin America and the Caribbean, a plethora of behavior change messages have been promoted to reduce Zika transmission. One year after the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) initiated its Zika response, more than 30 variants of preventive behaviors were being prom... |
Can steroids reverse the severe COVID‐19 induced ‘cytokine storm’? | Severe COVID‐19 is characterized by an excessive pro‐inflammatory cytokine storm, resulting in acute lung injury and development of ARDS. The role of corticosteroids is controversial in severe COVID‐19 pneumonia and associated hyper‐inflammatory syndrome. We reported a case series of six consecutive COVID‐19 patients w... |
Pain and Evil: From Local Nociception to Misery Following Social Harm | Experiencing pain, especially when chronic, is an excruciating condition that should be regarded as a syndrome, if not a disease. People suffering from chronic pain tend to develop psychological discomfort mostly due to lack of acceptance, disbelief, blame. The complexity of pain pathophysiology, plus a wide range of n... |
Lentiviral Vector Design for Multiple shRNA Expression and Durable HIV-1 Inhibition | Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) replication in T cells can be inhibited by RNA interference (RNAi) through short hairpin RNA (shRNA) expression from a lentiviral vector. However, for the development of a durable RNAi-based gene therapy against HIV-1, multiple shRNAs need to be expressed simultaneously in or... |
Spike protein recognition of mammalian ACE2 predicts the host range and an optimized ACE2 for SARS-CoV-2 infection | Abstract SARS-CoV-2 causes the recent global COVID-19 public health emergency. ACE2 is the receptor for both SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV. To predict the potential host range of SARS-CoV-2, we analyzed the key residues of ACE2 for recognizing S protein. We found that most of the selected mammals including pets (dog and cat)... |
Cytokine Storm Induced by SARS-CoV-2 | A novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) triggered by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is currently spreading globally, causing severe pneumonia and acute lung injury in many patients. Even worse, severe respiratory may develop into acute respiratory distress syndrome and multiple organ d... |
Analysis and Numerical Simulations of a Stochastic SEIQR Epidemic System with Quarantine-Adjusted Incidence and Imperfect Vaccination | This paper considers a high-dimensional stochastic SEIQR (susceptible-exposed-infected-quarantined-recovered) epidemic model with quarantine-adjusted incidence and the imperfect vaccination. The main aim of this study is to investigate stochastic effects on the SEIQR epidemic model and obtain its thresholds. We first o... |
The authors’ response: Propofol and sedation in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 | |
Respiratory viral infections are not uncommon in neonatal intensive care units | |
Viral evasion and subversion of pattern-recognition receptor signalling | The expression of pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs) by immune and tissue cells provides the host with the ability to detect and respond to infection by viruses and other microorganisms. Significant progress has been made from studying this area, including the identification of PRRs, such as Toll-like receptors and R... |
Short hairpin RNAs targeting M and N genes reduce replication of porcine deltacoronavirus in ST cells | Porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV) is a recently identified coronavirus that causes intestinal diseases in neonatal piglets with diarrhea, vomiting, dehydration, and post-infection mortality of 50–100%. Currently, there are no effective treatments or vaccines available to control PDCoV. To study the potential of RNA inte... |
Infectious disease antibodies for biomedical applications: A mini review of immune antibody phage library repertoire | Antibody phage display is regarded as a critical tool for the development of monoclonal antibodies for infectious diseases. The different classes of antibody libraries are classified based on the source of repertoire used to generate the libraries. Immune antibody libraries are generated from disease infected host or i... |
Social mixing patterns in rural and urban areas of southern China | A dense population, global connectivity and frequent human–animal interaction give southern China an important role in the spread and emergence of infectious disease. However, patterns of person-to-person contact relevant to the spread of directly transmitted infections such as influenza remain poorly quantified in the... |
Extrapolating Antibiotic Sales to Number of Treated Animals: Treatments in Pigs and Calves in Switzerland, 2011–2015 | To evaluate the contribution of antimicrobial use in human and veterinary medicine to the emergence and spread of resistant bacteria, the use of these substances has to be accurately monitored in each setting. Currently, various initiatives collect sales data of veterinary antimicrobials, thereby providing an overview ... |
The origin, transmission and clinical therapies on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak – an update on the status | An acute respiratory disease, caused by a novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2, previously known as 2019-nCoV), the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has spread throughout China and received worldwide attention. On 30 January 2020, World Health Organization (WHO) officially declared the COVID-19 epidemic as a public health ... |
Alphaherpesvirus infection of mice primes PNS neurons to an inflammatory state regulated by TLR2 and type I IFN signaling | Pseudorabies virus (PRV), an alphaherpesvirus closely related to Varicella-Zoster virus (VZV) and Herpes simplex type 1 (HSV1) infects mucosa epithelia and the peripheral nervous system (PNS) of its host. We previously demonstrated that PRV infection induces a specific and lethal inflammatory response, contributing to ... |
The effectiveness of quarantine and isolation determine the trend of the COVID-19 epidemic in the final phase of the current outbreak in China | OBJECTIVES: Since January 23rd, 2020, stringent measures for controlling the novel coronavirus epidemic have been gradually enforced and strengthened in mainland China. The detection and diagnosis have been improved, as well. However, the daily reported cases remaining at a high level make the epidemic trend prediction... |
Analysis of Newcastle disease virus quasispecies and factors affecting the emergence of virulent virus | Genome sequence analysis of a number of avirulent field isolates of Newcastle disease virus revealed the presence of viruses (within their quasispecies) that contained virulent F0 sequences. Detection of these virulent sequences below the ~1% level, using standard cloning and sequence analysis, proved difficult, and th... |
Incidence of pulmonary embolism in non-critically ill COVID-19 patients. Predicting factors for a challenging diagnosis | Recent studies suggest that thrombotic complications are a common phenomenon in the novel SARS-CoV-2 infection. The main objective of our study is to assess cumulative incidence of pulmonary embolism (PE) in non critically ill COVID-19 patients and to identify its predicting factors associated to the diagnosis of pulmo... |
CLEC5A: A Promiscuous Pattern Recognition Receptor to Microbes and Beyond | CLEC5A is a spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk)-coupled C-type lectin that is highly expressed by monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, and dendritic cells and interacts with virions directly, via terminal fucose and mannose moieties of viral glycans. CLEC5A also binds to N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) and N-acetylmuramic acid (... |
Anno 1529 – der „Englische Schweiß“ in Wien, die Türken um Wien | After the battle of Bosworth in 1485 London was frightened by a severe epidemic of Sweating Disease. Until 1551 four more followed of which only the 1525 epidemic invaded Central and Northern Europe harassing Vienna during its “First Turkish Siege”. People abruptly fell ill with headache, tachycardia, fever and secreti... |
Targeting phospholipase D in cancer, infection and neurodegenerative disorders | Lipid second messengers have essential roles in cellular function and contribute to the molecular mechanisms that underlie inflammation, malignant transformation, invasiveness, neurodegenerative disorders, and infectious and other pathophysiological processes. The phospholipase D (PLD) isoenzymes PLD1 and PLD2 are one ... |
Identification and Characterization of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Subgenomic RNAs | |
Influenza and other respiratory viruses: standardizing disease severity in surveillance and clinical trials | Introduction: Influenza-Like Illness is a leading cause of hospitalization in children. Disease burden due to influenza and other respiratory viral infections is reported on a population level, but clinical scores measuring individual changes in disease severity are urgently needed. Areas covered: We present a composit... |
Idea File | Consider online commencement ceremonies Eloy Oakley, Chancellor of the California Community College System, announced that in response to COVID‐19, the system would prepare for isolation measures to be in place through June, and would either delay or move all commencement ceremonies online, according to EdSource The CC... |
Working Parties | |
Management and Treatment of COVID-19: The Chinese Experience | Abstract With over 1,800,000 cases and 110,000 deaths globally, COVID-19 is one of worst infectious disease outbreaks in history. The objective of this paper is to critically review the available evidence regarding the lessons learned from the Chinese experience regarding COVID-19 prevention and management. The steps t... |
Comparative pathology of rhesus macaque and common marmoset animal models with Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus | Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), which is caused by a newly discovered coronavirus (CoV), has recently emerged. It causes severe viral pneumonia and is associated with a high fatality rate. However, the pathogenesis, comparative pathology and inflammatory cell response of rhesus macaques and common marmosets ex... |
Changes in Gambling Behavior during the COVID-19 Pandemic—A Web Survey Study in Sweden | The COVID-19 pandemic has dramatically changed everyday life, and policy makers have raised concerns about possible changes in gambling patterns during the pandemic. This study aimed to examine whether self-reported gambling has increased during the pandemic, and to examine potential correlates of such a change. This g... |
Chapter 8 Innate Immunity in Simian Immunodeficiency Virus Infection | Abstract The past decade has seen the emergence of innate immunity as a mature field. The study of innate immunity has had a significant impact on the concepts of HIV immunity, pathogenesis, and vaccines. In this chapter, basic concepts of innate immunity at the anatomical, cellular, and molecular levels will be introd... |
Can hyperimmune anti-CMV globuline substitute for convalescent plasma for treatment of COVID-19? | Information on treatment of COVID-19 infection in renal transplant recipients is scarce, especially in symptomatic patients and patients with recent major clinical events. This group of patients suffers from different opportunistic infections which may coexist with COVID-19. Currently available expert opinions suggest ... |
Short-term immunoglobulin A B-cell memory resides in intestinal lymphoid tissues but not in bone marrow of gnotobiotic pigs inoculated with Wa human rotavirus | Immunological memory is important for protecting the host from reinfection. To investigate the development and sites of residence of intestinal memory B cells, and their role in protective immunity to reinfection with an enteric virus, we assessed the association between memory B cell and antibody-secreting cell (ASC) ... |
Chapter 6 Exacerbations of chronic respiratory diseases | Abstract Respiratory viral infections including human rhinovirus (RV) infection have been identified as the most important environmental trigger of exacerbations of chronic lung diseases. While well established as the most common viral infections associated with exacerbations of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary... |
Toroviruses (Coronaviridae) | Abstract Toroviruses are single-stranded RNA peplomer-bearing enveloped viruses producing enteric disease in animals and humans. They have a unique extracellular C-shape or open torus morphology. There are four species in the genus Torovirus (family Coronaviridae, order Nidovirales): Equine torovirus (EToV), Bovine tor... |
Inhibitors of the Influenza A Virus M2 Proton Channel Discovered Using a High-Throughput Yeast Growth Restoration Assay | The M2 proton channel of the influenza A virus is the target of the anti-influenza drugs amantadine and rimantadine. The effectiveness of these drugs has been dramatically limited by the rapid spread of drug resistant mutations, mainly at sites S31N, V27A and L26F in the pore of the channel. Despite progress in designi... |
Histopathological and immunohistochemical findings in lymphoid tissues of the endangered Iberian lynx (Lynx pardinus) | Abstract The Iberian lynx (Lynx pardinus) is the most threatened wild feline in the world. Little is known about the diseases and pathology that affect this animal. The aim of this study was to evaluate the histopathological status of the peripheral lymphoid tissues and thymus of Iberian lynxes necropsied between 1998 ... |
Author index and Subject index | |
The S2 Subunit of QX-type Infectious Bronchitis Coronavirus Spike Protein Is an Essential Determinant of Neurotropism | Some coronaviruses (CoVs) have an extra furin cleavage site (RRKR/S, furin-S2′ site) upstream of the fusion peptide in the spike protein, which plays roles in virion adsorption and fusion. Mutation of the S2′ site of QX genotype (QX-type) infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) spike protein (S) in a recombinant virus backgr... |
Isolation and molecular characterization of type I and type II feline coronavirus in Malaysia | BACKGROUND: Feline infectious peritonitis virus (FIPV) and feline enteric coronavirus (FECV) are two important coronaviruses of domestic cat worldwide. Although FCoV is prevalent among cats; the fastidious nature of type I FCoV to grow on cell culture has limited further studies on tissue tropism and pathogenesis of FC... |
Clinical recommendations on lung cancer management during the COVID‐19 pandemic | Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) is spreading worldwide, and has been declared as an international public health concern. Patients with lung cancer are highly susceptible to infection compared to healthy individuals because of systemic immunosuppression induced by malignancy and anticancer therapy. Furthermore, pati... |
Severe acute respiratory syndrome and the liver | |
A LAD-based method for selecting short oligo probes for genotyping applications | Specializing a general framework of logical analysis of data for efficiently handling large-scale genomic data, we develop in this paper a probe design method for selecting short oligo probes for genotyping applications. When tested on genomic sequences obtained from the National Center of Biotechnology Information in ... |
Elucidation of the mechanism of anti-herpes action of two novel semisynthetic cardenolide derivatives | Human herpesviruses are among the most prevalent pathogens worldwide and have become an important public health issue. Recurrent infections and the emergence of resistant viral strains reinforce the need of searching new drugs to treat herpes virus infections. Cardiac glycosides are used clinically to treat cardiovascu... |
COVID‐19 epidemic: Skin protection for health care workers must not be ignored | Since first reported in 2019, pneumonia associated with 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID‐19) has rapidly developed into an outbreak across the world.(1) Number of the patients of all age groups has increased significantly.(2) In order to curb the spread of the epidemic, thousands of health care workers (HCWs) have... |
When preserving life becomes imperative, quality of life is eclipsed! COVID‐19 outbreak impacting patients with pelvic floor disorders undergoing pelvic floor rehabilitation | |
Measuring Grip Strength in COVID-19: A Simple Way to Predict Overall Frailty/Impairment | |
Experimental investigation of integrated air purifying technology for bioaerosol removal and inactivation in central air-conditioning system | In this research, high voltage static electricity and ultraviolet technologies were integrated to an air purifying device which can be used to trap and kill airborne bacteria and viruses in central air-conditioning systems. An experimental platform was built to mimic the central air system, in which the efficacy of the... |
An Outlook on the Global Development of Renewable and Sustainable Energy at the Time of Covid-19 | The outbreak of the novel COVID-19 has dominated the world stage, and its consequences, both direct and indirect, are expected to prove to be even more pervasive over time. The COVID-19 pandemic has struck the renewable energy manufacturing facilities, supply chains, and companies and slowed down the transition to the ... |
Effects of 5‐alpha reductase inhibitors on lung function: A reason for discontinuation during COVID‐19 pandemic? | |
Potential transmission of SARS-CoV-2 on a flight from Singapore to Hanghzou, China: An epidemiological investigation | BACKGROUND: Between January 24, 2020 and February 15, 2020, an outbreak of COVID-19 occurred among 335 passengers on a flight from Singapore to Hangzhou in China. This study aimed to investigate the source of the outbreak and assess the risk of transmission of COVID-19 during the flight. METHOD: Using a standardized qu... |
COVID‐19: A review of therapeutics under investigation | The COVID‐19 outbreak has disrupted global health care networks and caused thousands of deaths and an international economic downturn. Multiple drugs are being used on patients with COVID‐19 based on theoretical and in vitro therapeutic targets. Several of these therapies have been studied, but many have limited eviden... |
Advancing a multivalent ‘Pan-anthelmintic’ vaccine against soil-transmitted nematode infections | ASCARIS LUMBRICOIDES: The Sabin Vaccine Institute Product Development Partnership is developing a Pan-anthelmintic vaccine that simultaneously targets the major soil-transmitted nematode infections, in other words, ascariasis, trichuriasis and hookworm infection. The approach builds off the current bivalent Human Hookw... |
Pathogen-Tested Planting Material | Abstract Certification programs have been developed to provide plant material that meets a predetermined level of plant health. The primary objectives of these programs are to limit pathogen incidence in plant material in order to minimize losses by growers and prevent movement of harmful pests and pathogens that may h... |
Potential Impact of Antiviral Drug Use during Influenza Pandemic | The recent spread of highly pathogenic strains of avian influenza has highlighted the threat posed by pandemic influenza. In the early phases of a pandemic, the only treatment available would be neuraminidase inhibitors, which many countries are considering stockpiling for pandemic use. We estimate the effect on hospit... |
Regarding COVID‐19 and the Otolaryngologist: Preliminary Evidence‐Based Review | |
In vitro evaluation of antiviral activity of single and combined repurposable drugs against SARS-CoV-2 | In response to the current pandemic caused by the novel SARS-CoV-2, identifying and validating effective therapeutic strategies is more than ever necessary. We evaluated the in vitro antiviral activities of a shortlist of compounds, known for their cellular broad-spectrum activities, together with drugs that are curren... |
Fully Human Immunoglobulin G From Transchromosomic Bovines Treats Nonhuman Primates Infected With Ebola Virus Makona Isolate | Transchromosomic bovines (Tc-bovines) adaptively produce fully human polyclonal immunoglobulin (Ig)G antibodies after exposure to immunogenic antigen(s). The National Interagency Confederation for Biological Research and collaborators rapidly produced and then evaluated anti-Ebola virus IgG immunoglobulins (collectivel... |
Development of Small-Molecule MERS-CoV Inhibitors | Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) with potential to cause global pandemics remains a threat to the public health, security, and economy. In this review, we focus on advances in the research and development of small-molecule MERS-CoV inhibitors targeting different stages of the MERS-CoV life cycle,... |
Convalescent plasma for COVID-19 in pregnancy: a case report and review | |
COVID-19: Lessons for the climate change emergency | The ongoing COVID-19 outbreak pandemic is now a global crisis. It has caused 9+ million confirmed cases and 400,000+ deaths at the time of writing and triggered unprecedented preventative measures that have confined a substantial portion of the global population and established ‘social distancing’ as a new global behav... |
Detection of HIV-1 RNA/DNA and CD4 mRNA in feces and urine from chronic HIV-1 infected subjects with and without anti-retroviral therapy | HIV-1 infects gut associated lymphoid tissues (GALT) very early after transmission by multiple routes. The infected GALT consequently serves as the major reservoir for HIV-1 infection and could constantly shed HIV-1 and CD4(+ )T cells into the intestinal lumen. To examine this hypothesis, we monitored HIV-1 RNA/DNA and... |
COVID-19 and Acute Pancreatitis: What Do Surgeons Need to Know? | Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) typically presents with pulmonary symptoms. Extra-pulmonary symptomatology of COVID-19 has drawn significant attention. However, information about the incidence, course and outcomes of acute pancreatitis in these patients is still limited. |
Identification by functional proteomics of a deubiquitinating/deNeddylating enzyme in Plasmodium falciparum | Ubiquitination is a post‐translational modification implicated in a variety of cellular functions, including transcriptional regulation, protein degradation and membrane protein trafficking. Ubiquitin and the enzymes that act on it, although conserved and essential in eukaryotes, have not been well studied in parasites... |
ASE Statement on the Reintroduction of Echocardiography Services During the COVID-19 Pandemic | |
Hospital Emergency Management Plan During the COVID‐19 Epidemic | The confirmed and suspected cases of the 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) have increased not only in Wuhan, Hubei Province but also China and the world. Enormous demand for handling the COVID-19 outbreak challenged both the healthcare personnel and medical supply system. In West China Hospital, Emergency Depar... |
Air Pollution and temperature are associated with increased COVID-19 incidence: a time series study | OBJECTIVES: Although the COVID-19 is known to cause by human-to-human transmission, it remains largely unclear whether ambient air pollutants and meteorological parameters could promote its transmission. METHODS: A retrospective study is conducted to study whether air quality index (AQI), four ambient air pollutants (P... |
Bioaerosols and Transmission, a Diverse and Growing Community of Practice | The transmission of infectious microbes via bioaerosols is of significant concern for both human and animal health. However, gaps in our understanding of respiratory pathogen transmission and methodological heterogeneity persist. New developments have enabled progress in this domain, and one of the major turning points... |
Rhabdomyolysis in a Patient With Coronavirus Disease 2019 | Coronavirus disease 2019 has rapidly enveloped the world in a pandemic after emerging in Wuhan, China, in December 2019. We describe a 49-year-old man presenting with fever, cough, dyspnea, and myalgia diagnosed with coronavirus disease 2019 along with rhabdomyolysis and acute kidney injury. The creatine phosphokinase ... |
Obstructive Sleep Apnea, Obesity, and Noninvasive Ventilation: Considerations During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic | |
A clinical approach to the threat of emerging influenza viruses in the Asia‐Pacific region | Seasonal influenza epidemics and periodic pandemics are important causes of morbidity and mortality. Patients with chronic co‐morbid illness, those at the extremes of age and pregnant women are at higher risks of complications requiring hospitalization, whereas young adults and obese individuals were also at increased ... |
Structural parameterization and functional prediction of antigenic polypeptome sequences with biological activity through quantitative sequence-activity models (QSAM) by molecular electronegativity edge-distance vector (VMED) | Only from the primary structures of peptides, a new set of descriptors called the molecular electronegativity edge-distance vector (VMED) was proposed and applied to describing and characterizing the molecular structures of oligopeptides and polypeptides, based on the electronegativity of each atom or electronic charge... |
Telecommuting: A viable option for medical physicists amid the COVID‐19 outbreak and beyond | The impact of recent outbreak of novel coronavirus disease, COVID-19, to the global healthcare systems is unprecedently enormous. Like many other clinical disciplines, medical physics has encountered unique challenges during this special period in wider aspects from clinical practice, research, administration to educat... |
Human adenovirus load in respiratory tract secretions are predictors for disease severity in children with human adenovirus pneumonia | BACKGROUND: Pneumonia is a serious public health issue and is concerned around the world. This study is to investigate the association between viral load in children with human adenovirus (HAdV) pneumonia and disease severity. METHODS: A total of 1313 cases of children hospitalized in Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital... |
Nasal virome of dogs with respiratory infection signs include novel taupapillomaviruses | Using viral metagenomics, we characterized the mammalian virome of nasal swabs from 57 dogs with unexplained signs of respiratory infection showing mostly negative results using the IDEXX Canine Respiratory Disease RealPCR™ Panel. We identified canine parainfluenza virus 5, canine respiratory coronavirus, carnivore boc... |
Response to Emergence of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates, 2013–2014 | In January 2013, several months after Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) was first identified in Saudi Arabia, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates, began surveillance for MERS-CoV. We analyzed medical chart and laboratory data collected by the Health Authority–Abu Dhabi during January 2013–May 2014. Us... |
Inhibition of PIKfyve kinase prevents infection by Zaire ebolavirus and SARS-CoV-2 | Virus entry is a multistep process. It initiates when the virus attaches to the host cell and ends when the viral contents reach the cytosol. Genetically unrelated viruses can subvert analogous subcellular mechanisms and use similar trafficking pathways for successful entry. Antiviral strategies targeting early steps o... |
Autoimmune and inflammatory diseases following COVID-19 | Emerging reports show that severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection precedes the appearance of various autoimmune and autoinflammatory diseases, including paediatric inflammatory multisystemic syndrome (PIMS) or multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C), thus adding to the grow... |
Current knowledge, attitude and behaviour of hand and food hygiene in a developed residential community of Singapore: a cross-sectional survey | BACKGROUND: Diarrhoea incidence has been increasing progressively over the past years in developed countries, including Singapore, despite the accessibility and availability to clean water, well-established sanitation infrastructures and regular hygiene promotion. The aim of this study is to determine the current knowl... |
MMPs and ADAMs in neurological infectious diseases and multiple sclerosis | Metalloproteinases—such as matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and a disintegrin and metalloproteinases (ADAMs)—are involved in various diseases of the nervous system but also contribute to nervous system development, synaptic plasticity and neuroregeneration upon injury. MMPs and ADAMs proteolytically cleave many substra... |
Rôle des infections rhino-sinusiennes dans le déclenchement des pathologies allergiques et inflammatoires | Summary Much controversy still exists about the role of viruses, bacteria and fungi in nasal sinus diseases. Viral rhinitis alone does not seem to be able to elicit clinical acute sinusitis. Bacteria determine the clinical picture and outcome of sinusitis. S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae and M. catarrhalis are the bacteri... |
Life at the Editorial “COVID Frontline”. The American Thoracic Society Journal Family | |
Gastrointestinal and Liver Manifestations of COVID-19 | The worldwide pandemic of COVID-19, caused by the virus SARS-CoV,-2 has continued to progress, and increasing information is becoming available about the incidence of digestive symptoms as well as abnormal liver-associated enzymes in patients who are infected. These are postulated to be related to the virus's use of AC... |
Evaluating a multicomponent program to improve hypertension control in Guatemala: study protocol for an effectiveness-implementation cluster randomized trial | BACKGROUND: Hypertension is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Despite advances in hypertension prevention and treatment, the proportion of patients who are aware, treated and controlled is low, particularly in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). We will evaluate an adapted version of a m... |
Isolation of a thermostable trypsin inhibitor with exploitable potential | A novel trypsin inhibitor with considerable thermal and pH stability, designated Glytine, was isolated from seeds of the Chinese black soybean Glycine max (L.) Merr. The purification procedure involved ammonium sulfate precipitation, ion-exchange chromatography on CM-Sephadex C-50, gel filtration chromatography on Seph... |
Hepatitis E Virus ORF2 Protein Activates the Pro-Apoptotic Gene CHOP and Anti-Apoptotic Heat Shock Proteins | BACKGROUND: Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a non-enveloped plus-strand RNA virus that causes acute hepatitis. The capsid protein open reading frame 2 (ORF2) is known to induce endoplasmic reticulum stress in ORF2 expressing cells. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: In this study we found that HEV ORF2 activates the expression... |
Titration of Human Coronaviruses, HCoV-229E and HCoV-OC43, by an Indirect Immunoperoxidase Assay | Calculation of infectious viral titers represents a basic and essential experimental approach for virologists. Classical plaque assays cannot be used for viruses that do not cause significant cytopathic effects, which is the case for strains 229E and OC43 of human coronavirus (HCoV). An alternative indirect immunoperox... |
The spike protein of SARS-CoV — a target for vaccine and therapeutic development | Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) is a newly emerging infectious disease caused by a novel coronavirus, SARS-coronavirus (SARS-CoV). The SARS-CoV spike (S) protein is composed of two subunits; the S1 subunit contains a receptor-binding domain that engages with the host cell receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme... |
Scaling up testing for COVID-19 in Africa: Responding to the pandemic in ways that strengthen health systems | |
Tobacco use and vaping in the COVID‐19 era | Health crises have become a popular topic of discussion. In the wave of the ongoing pandemic, experts have suggested the role of vaping and other tobacco product use exemplifying the vulnerability of the population to contract the COVID‐19. We discuss some of the events that led up to these conclusions and also offer a... |
COVID-19, insurer board utility, and capital regulation | This paper develops a down-and-out call option model by introducing a structural break in volatility to capture the coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak. The life insurer's equity and its board's utility are evaluated at the optimal guaranteed rate in the equity maximization. Results suggest that the seriousness degree of t... |
COVID-19 and the Ophthalmology Match | |
Impacto de la pandemia COVID-19 en el servicio de urología de un centro de referencia en la Comunidad de Madrid | Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus has caused tens of thousands of deaths in Spain and has managed to breakdown the healthcare system hospitals in the Community of Madrid, largely due to its tendency to cause severe pneumonia, requiring ventilatory support. This fact has caused our center to ... |
Etiology and Risk Factors for Mortality in an Adult Community-acquired Pneumonia Cohort in Malawi | Rationale: In the context of rapid antiretroviral therapy rollout and an increasing burden of noncommunicable diseases, there are few contemporary data describing the etiology and outcome of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in sub-Saharan Africa. Objectives: To describe the current etiology of CAP in Malawi and ident... |
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