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There are n boys and m girls attending a theatre club. To set a play "The Big Bang Theory", they need to choose a group containing exactly t actors containing no less than 4 boys and no less than one girl. How many ways are there to choose a group? Of c... |
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There is a special offer in Vasya's favourite supermarket: if the customer buys $a$ chocolate bars, he or she may take $b$ additional bars for free. This special offer can be used any number of times.
Vasya currently has $s$ roubles, and he wants to ge... |
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Heading ##There are two integers A and B. You are required to compute the bitwise AND amongst all natural numbers lying between A and B, both inclusive.
Input Format
First line of the input contains T, the number of testcases to follow.
Each testcase i... |
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J: City
Santa decides to deliver a present to a city.
The city has a rectangular shape divided into north-south $ H $ parcels x east-west $ W $ parcels, with one house delivering gifts to each parcel.
The $ X $ th section from the north and the $ Y $... |
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Vasya plays the LionAge II. He was bored of playing with a stupid computer, so he installed this popular MMORPG, to fight with his friends. Vasya came up with the name of his character — non-empty string s, consisting of a lowercase Latin letters. Howev... |
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Find the smallest possible sum of the digits in the decimal notation of a positive multiple of K.
-----Constraints-----
- 2 \leq K \leq 10^5
- K is an integer.
-----Input-----
Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:
K
-----Outpu... |
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There are N positive integers written on a blackboard: A_1, ..., A_N.
Snuke can perform the following operation when all integers on the blackboard are even:
- Replace each integer X on the blackboard by X divided by 2.
Find the maximum possible number... |
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There are n integers b_1, b_2, ..., b_{n} written in a row. For all i from 1 to n, values a_{i} are defined by the crows performing the following procedure:
The crow sets a_{i} initially 0. The crow then adds b_{i} to a_{i}, subtracts b_{i} + 1, add... |
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Let's call (yet again) a string good if its length is even, and every character in odd position of this string is different from the next character (the first character is different from the second, the third is different from the fourth, and so on). Fo... |
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You are given a directed graph $G$ which can contain loops (edges from a vertex to itself). Multi-edges are absent in $G$ which means that for all ordered pairs $(u, v)$ exists at most one edge from $u$ to $v$. Vertices are numbered from $1$ to $n$.
A ... |
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The Collatz Conjecture states that for any natural number n, if n is even, divide it by 2. If n is odd, multiply it by 3 and add 1. If you repeat the process continuously for n, n will eventually reach 1.
For example, if n = 20, the resulting sequence ... |
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How many ways are there to place a black and a white knight on an N * M chessboard such that they do not attack each other? The knights have to be placed on different squares. A knight can move two squares horizontally and one square vertically, or two ... |
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After learning a lot about space exploration, a little girl named Ana wants to change the subject.
Ana is a girl who loves palindromes (string that can be read the same backwards as forward). She has learned how to check for a given string whether it's... |
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Given a String(only lower case letters) , check if any substring has occured Twice :
Example : iwsagoodboody
Here, substring "ood" occurs twice.
Output "YES" if there is any such substring else output "NO" .(without qoutes)
Input:
First line of i... |
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n fish, numbered from 1 to n, live in a lake. Every day right one pair of fish meet, and the probability of each other pair meeting is the same. If two fish with indexes i and j meet, the first will eat up the second with the probability aij, and the se... |
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You are given a binary string $s$ consisting of $n$ zeros and ones.
Your task is to divide the given string into the minimum number of subsequences in such a way that each character of the string belongs to exactly one subsequence and each subsequence ... |
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A Little Elephant from the Zoo of Lviv likes lucky strings, i.e., the strings that consist only of the lucky digits 4 and 7.
The Little Elephant has K favorite lucky strings A_{1}, A_{2}, ..., A_{K}. He thinks that the lucky string S is good if either ... |
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"Search" is an operation to obtain the desired information from a large amount of information. Familiar examples include "finding your own exam number from a large number of exam numbers" when announcing your success, or "finding Taro Aizu's phone numbe... |
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Given is a string S. Each character in S is either a digit (0, ..., 9) or ?.
Among the integers obtained by replacing each occurrence of ? with a digit, how many have a remainder of 5 when divided by 13? An integer may begin with 0.
Since the answer can... |
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Vitya has just started learning Berlanese language. It is known that Berlanese uses the Latin alphabet. Vowel letters are "a", "o", "u", "i", and "e". Other letters are consonant.
In Berlanese, there has to be a vowel after every consonant, but there c... |
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Bob is about to take a hot bath.
There are two taps to fill the bath: a hot water tap and a cold water tap. The cold water's temperature is t1, and the hot water's temperature is t2. The cold water tap can transmit any integer number of water units pe... |
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You are given four integers $a$, $b$, $x$ and $y$. Initially, $a \ge x$ and $b \ge y$. You can do the following operation no more than $n$ times:
Choose either $a$ or $b$ and decrease it by one. However, as a result of this operation, value of $a$ ca... |
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The grasshopper is located on the numeric axis at the point with coordinate $x_0$.
Having nothing else to do he starts jumping between integer points on the axis. Making a jump from a point with coordinate $x$ with a distance $d$ to the left moves the ... |
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Little Artem likes electronics. He can spend lots of time making different schemas and looking for novelties in the nearest electronics store. The new control element was delivered to the store recently and Artem immediately bought it.
That element can... |
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Given is a string S of length N-1. Each character in S is `<` or `>`.
A sequence of N non-negative integers, a_1,a_2,\cdots,a_N, is said to be good when the following condition is satisfied for all i (1 \leq i \leq N-1):
* If S_i= `<`: a_i<a_{i+1}
* I... |
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A non-empty string is called palindrome, if it reads the same from the left to the right and from the right to the left. For example, "abcba", "a", and "abba" are palindromes, while "abab" and "xy" are not.
A string is called a substring of another str... |
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Nezzar's favorite digit among $1,\ldots,9$ is $d$. He calls a positive integer lucky if $d$ occurs at least once in its decimal representation.
Given $q$ integers $a_1,a_2,\ldots,a_q$, for each $1 \le i \le q$ Nezzar would like to know if $a_i$ can be ... |
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Thanos wants to destroy the avengers base, but he needs to destroy the avengers along with their base.
Let we represent their base with an array, where each position can be occupied by many avengers, but one avenger can occupy only one position. Length... |
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Alan decided to get in shape for the summer, so he created a precise workout plan to follow. His plan is to go to a different gym every day during the next N days and lift $X[i]$ grams on day $i$. In order to improve his workout performance at the gym, ... |
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The dragon and the princess are arguing about what to do on the New Year's Eve. The dragon suggests flying to the mountains to watch fairies dancing in the moonlight, while the princess thinks they should just go to bed early. They are desperate to come... |
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Description:
The mean (or average) is the most popular measure of central tendency; however it does not behave very well when the data is skewed (i.e. wages distribution). In such cases, it's better to use the median.
Your task for this kata is to fin... |
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Professor Dumbledore is helping Harry destroy the Horcruxes. He went to Gaunt Shack as he suspected a Horcrux to be present there. He saw Marvolo Gaunt's Ring and identified it as a Horcrux. Although he destroyed it, he is still affected by its curse. P... |
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Polycarpus has got n candies and m friends (n ≥ m). He wants to make a New Year present with candies to each friend. Polycarpus is planning to present all candies and he wants to do this in the fairest (that is, most equal) manner. He wants to choose su... |
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# Task
Timed Reading is an educational tool used in many schools to improve and advance reading skills. A young elementary student has just finished his very first timed reading exercise. Unfortunately he's not a very good reader yet, so whenever he en... |
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In Byteland they have a very strange monetary system.
Each Bytelandian gold coin has an integer number written on it. A coin n
can be exchanged in a bank into three coins: n/2, n/3 and n/4.
But these numbers are all rounded down (the banks have to make... |
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Sherlock Holmes and Dr. Watson played some game on a checkered board n × n in size. During the game they put numbers on the board's squares by some tricky rules we don't know. However, the game is now over and each square of the board contains exactly o... |
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Theory
This section does not need to be read and can be skipped, but it does provide some clarity into the inspiration behind the problem.
In music theory, a major scale consists of seven notes, or scale degrees, in order (with tonic listed twice for d... |
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Background
The kindergarten attached to the University of Aizu is a kindergarten where children who love programming gather. Yu, one of the kindergarten children, loves darts as much as programming. Yu-kun was addicted to darts recently, but he got tir... |
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You have $2n$ integers $1, 2, \dots, 2n$. You have to redistribute these $2n$ elements into $n$ pairs. After that, you choose $x$ pairs and take minimum elements from them, and from the other $n - x$ pairs, you take maximum elements.
Your goal is to ob... |
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On a two-dimensional plane, there are N red points and N blue points.
The coordinates of the i-th red point are (a_i, b_i), and the coordinates of the i-th blue point are (c_i, d_i).
A red point and a blue point can form a friendly pair when, the x-coor... |
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When the curtains are opened, a canvas unfolds outside. Kanno marvels at all the blonde colours along the riverside — not tangerines, but blossoms instead.
"What a pity it's already late spring," sighs Mino with regret, "one more drizzling night and th... |
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Find the maximum possible sum of the digits (in base 10) of a positive integer not greater than N.
Constraints
* 1\leq N \leq 10^{16}
* N is an integer.
Input
Input is given from Standard Input in the following format:
N
Output
Print the maximu... |
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Attention: we lost all the test cases for this problem, so instead of solving the problem, we need you to generate test cases. We're going to give you the answer, and you need to print a test case that produces the given answer. The original problem is ... |
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Berland has n cities, the capital is located in city s, and the historic home town of the President is in city t (s ≠ t). The cities are connected by one-way roads, the travel time for each of the road is a positive integer.
Once a year the President v... |
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There are N rabbits, numbered 1, 2, \ldots, N.
For each i, j (1 \leq i, j \leq N), the compatibility of Rabbit i and j is described by an integer a_{i, j}. Here, a_{i, i} = 0 for each i (1 \leq i \leq N), and a_{i, j} = a_{j, i} for each i and j (1 \le... |
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You have managed to intercept an important message and you are trying to read it.
You realise that the message has been encoded and can be decoded by switching each letter with a corresponding letter.
You also notice that each letter is paired with th... |
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Write a program that will take a string of digits and give you all the possible consecutive slices of length `n` in that string.
Raise an error if `n` is larger than the length of the string.
## Examples
For example, the string `"01234"` has the fol... |
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In this Kata, you will be given a string of numbers in sequence and your task will be to return the missing number. If there is no number
missing or there is an error in the sequence, return `-1`.
For example:
```Haskell
missing("123567") = 4
missing(... |
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When working with color values it can sometimes be useful to extract the individual red, green, and blue (RGB) component values for a color. Implement a function that meets these requirements:
+ Accepts a case-insensitive hexadecimal color string as it... |
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Sasha and Kolya decided to get drunk with Coke, again. This time they have k types of Coke. i-th type is characterised by its carbon dioxide concentration $\frac{a_{i}}{1000}$. Today, on the party in honour of Sergiy of Vancouver they decided to prepare... |
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Genos needs your help. He was asked to solve the following programming problem by Saitama:
The length of some string s is denoted |s|. The Hamming distance between two strings s and t of equal length is defined as $\sum_{i = 1}^{|s|}|s_{i} - t_{i}|$, w... |
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After a probationary period in the game development company of IT City Petya was included in a group of the programmers that develops a new turn-based strategy game resembling the well known "Heroes of Might & Magic". A part of the game is turn-based fi... |
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Little Chris is participating in a graph cutting contest. He's a pro. The time has come to test his skills to the fullest.
Chris is given a simple undirected connected graph with n vertices (numbered from 1 to n) and m edges. The problem is to cut it i... |
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A bracket sequence is a string, containing only characters "(", ")", "[" and "]".
A correct bracket sequence is a bracket sequence that can be transformed into a correct arithmetic expression by inserting characters "1" and "+" between the original cha... |
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Allen and Bessie are playing a simple number game. They both know a function f: \{0, 1\}^n → R, i. e. the function takes n binary arguments and returns a real value. At the start of the game, the variables x_1, x_2, ..., x_n are all set to -1. Each roun... |
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problem
There are the following games.
N characters are lined up in a vertical row. The color of these characters is red, blue, or yellow, and in the initial state, four or more characters of the same color are not lined up in a row. The player can se... |
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There are n sheets of square paper of the same size. Align the bottom of these papers horizontally and arrange them in several rows. However, adjacent rows must be arranged so that the left side is not lower than the right side. For example, n When = 5,... |
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# Definition
An **_element is leader_** *if it is greater than The Sum all the elements to its right side*.
____
# Task
**_Given_** an *array/list [] of integers* , **_Find_** *all the **_LEADERS_** in the array*.
___
# Notes
* **_Array/list_** si... |
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For given two circles $c1$ and $c2$, print
4
if they do not cross (there are 4 common tangent lines),
3
if they are circumscribed (there are 3 common tangent lines),
2
if they intersect (there are 2 common tangent lines),
1
if a circle i... |
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Iahub recently has learned Bubble Sort, an algorithm that is used to sort a permutation with n elements a_1, a_2, ..., a_{n} in ascending order. He is bored of this so simple algorithm, so he invents his own graph. The graph (let's call it G) initially ... |
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You are an immigration officer in the Kingdom of AtCoder. The document carried by an immigrant has some number of integers written on it, and you need to check whether they meet certain criteria.
According to the regulation, the immigrant should be all... |
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In mathematics, the Pythagorean theorem — is a relation in Euclidean geometry among the three sides of a right-angled triangle. In terms of areas, it states:
In any right-angled triangle, the area of the square whose side is the hypotenuse (the side ... |
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Takahashi the Jumbo will practice golf.
His objective is to get a carry distance that is a multiple of K, while he can only make a carry distance of between A and B (inclusive).
If he can achieve the objective, print OK; if he cannot, print NG.
-----Co... |
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As you probably know, Anton goes to school. One of the school subjects that Anton studies is Bracketology. On the Bracketology lessons students usually learn different sequences that consist of round brackets (characters "(" and ")" (without quotes)).
... |
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You are given $n$ integers $a_1, a_2, \ldots, a_n$. Find the maximum value of $max(a_l, a_{l + 1}, \ldots, a_r) \cdot min(a_l, a_{l + 1}, \ldots, a_r)$ over all pairs $(l, r)$ of integers for which $1 \le l < r \le n$.
-----Input-----
The first line ... |
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Consider 2n rows of the seats in a bus. n rows of the seats on the left and n rows of the seats on the right. Each row can be filled by two people. So the total capacity of the bus is 4n.
Consider that m (m ≤ 4n) people occupy the seats in the bus. The... |
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Julia is going to cook a chicken in the kitchen of her dormitory. To save energy, the stove in the kitchen automatically turns off after k minutes after turning on.
During cooking, Julia goes to the kitchen every d minutes and turns on the stove if it ... |
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Regex Failure - Bug Fixing #2
Oh no, Timmy's received some hate mail recently but he knows better. Help Timmy fix his regex filter so he can be awesome again!
Write your solution by modifying this code:
```python
def filter_words(phrase):
```
Your ... |
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One day Vasya was going home when he saw a box lying on the road. The box can be represented as a rectangular parallelepiped. Vasya needed no time to realize that the box is special, as all its edges are parallel to the coordinate axes, one of its verti... |
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Polycarpus has n markers and m marker caps. Each marker is described by two numbers: xi is the color and yi is the diameter. Correspondingly, each cap is described by two numbers: aj is the color and bj is the diameter. Cap (aj, bj) can close marker (xi... |
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This is the easier version of the problem. In this version 1 ≤ n, m ≤ 100. You can hack this problem only if you solve and lock both problems.
You are given a sequence of integers a=[a_1,a_2,...,a_n] of length n. Its subsequence is obtained by removing... |
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Read problems statements in Mandarin Chinese and Russian as well.
Your friend Сhef has prepared a rectangular cake for you. Both of you want to divide the cake among yourselves. Your friend is generous enough to let you choose your share first. You hav... |
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In this problem we consider a very simplified model of Barcelona city.
Barcelona can be represented as a plane with streets of kind x = c and y = c for every integer c (that is, the rectangular grid). However, there is a detail which makes Barcelona di... |
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A country called Berland consists of n cities, numbered with integer numbers from 1 to n. Some of them are connected by bidirectional roads. Each road has some length. There is a path from each city to any other one by these roads. According to some Sup... |
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You are given $n$ elements numbered from $1$ to $n$, the element $i$ has value $a_i$ and color $c_i$, initially, $c_i = 0$ for all $i$.
The following operation can be applied:
Select three elements $i$, $j$ and $k$ ($1 \leq i < j < k \leq n$), such th... |
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You are given n points on the plane. The polygon formed from all the n points is strictly convex, that is, the polygon is convex, and there are no three collinear points (i.e. lying in the same straight line). The points are numbered from 1 to n, in clo... |
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It is the hard version of the problem. The difference is that in this version, there are nodes with already chosen colors.
Theofanis is starving, and he wants to eat his favorite food, sheftalia. However, he should first finish his homework. Can you he... |
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Snuke has N dogs and M monkeys. He wants them to line up in a row.
As a Japanese saying goes, these dogs and monkeys are on bad terms. ("ken'en no naka", literally "the relationship of dogs and monkeys", means a relationship of mutual hatred.) Snuke is... |
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# Introduction
There is a war and nobody knows - the alphabet war!
There are two groups of hostile letters. The tension between left side letters and right side letters was too high and the war began. The letters called airstrike to help them in war ... |
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On a chessboard with a width of 10^9 and a height of 10^9, the rows are numbered from bottom to top from 1 to 10^9, and the columns are numbered from left to right from 1 to 10^9. Therefore, for each cell of the chessboard you can assign the coordinates... |
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This function should take two string parameters: a person's name (`name`) and a quote of theirs (`quote`), and return a string attributing the quote to the person in the following format:
```python
'[name] said: "[quote]"'
```
For example, if `name` i... |
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Polycarp, Arkady's friend, prepares to the programming competition and decides to write a contest. The contest consists of $n$ problems and lasts for $T$ minutes. Each of the problems is defined by two positive integers $a_i$ and $p_i$ — its difficulty ... |
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Professor Ibrahim has prepared the final homework for his algorithm’s class. He asked his students to implement the Posterization Image Filter.
Their algorithm will be tested on an array of integers, where the $i$-th integer represents the color of the... |
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In the city of Ultima Thule job applicants are often offered an IQ test.
The test is as follows: the person gets a piece of squared paper with a 4 × 4 square painted on it. Some of the square's cells are painted black and others are painted white. You... |
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The hobbits Frodo and Sam are carrying the One Ring to Mordor. In order not to be spotted by orcs, they decided to go through the mountains.
The mountain relief can be represented as a polyline with n points (x_i, y_i), numbered from 1 to n (x_i < x_{i... |
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Nobody knows, but $N$ frogs live in Chef's garden.
Now they are siting on the X-axis and want to speak to each other. One frog can send a message to another one if the distance between them is less or equal to $K$.
Chef knows all $P$ pairs of frogs, whi... |
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[0, 0]
[0, 1] [1, 1]
[0, 2] [1, 2] [2, 2]
[0, 3] [1, 3] [2, 3] [3, 3]
[0, 4] [1, 4] [2, 4] [3, 4] [4, 4]
[0, 5] [1, 5] [2, 5] [3, 5] [4, 5] [5, 5]
[0, 6] [1, 6] [2, 6] [3, 6] [4, 6] [5, 6] [6, 6]
Consider the standard set of 28 we... |
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The squirrel Chokudai has N acorns. One day, he decides to do some trades in multiple precious metal exchanges to make more acorns.
His plan is as follows:
1. Get out of the nest with N acorns in his hands.
2. Go to Exchange A and do some trades.
3. G... |
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Read problems statements in Mandarin Chinese and Russian.
Tuzik is a little dog. But despite the fact he is still a puppy he already knows about the pretty things that coins are. He knows that for every coin he can get very tasty bone from his master... |
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Paul hates palindromes. He assumes that string s is tolerable if each its character is one of the first p letters of the English alphabet and s doesn't contain any palindrome contiguous substring of length 2 or more.
Paul has found a tolerable string s... |
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In some other world, today is Christmas.
Mr. Takaha decides to make a multi-dimensional burger in his party. A level-L burger (L is an integer greater than or equal to 0) is the following thing:
- A level-0 burger is a patty.
- A level-L burger (L \ge... |
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You are given a table consisting of n rows and m columns. Each cell of the table contains a number, 0 or 1. In one move we can choose some row of the table and cyclically shift its values either one cell to the left, or one cell to the right.
To cyclic... |
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Learn, learn and learn again — Valera has to do this every day. He is studying at mathematical school, where math is the main discipline. The mathematics teacher loves her discipline very much and tries to cultivate this love in children. That's why she... |
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Format any integer provided into a string with "," (commas) in the correct places.
**Example:**
``` csharp
Kata.NumberFormat(100000); // return "100,000"
Kata.NumberFormat(5678545); // return "5,678,545"
Kata.NumberFormat(-420902); // return "-420,902"... |
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In Berland it is the holiday of equality. In honor of the holiday the king decided to equalize the welfare of all citizens in Berland by the expense of the state treasury.
Totally in Berland there are n citizens, the welfare of each of them is estimat... |
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Hongcow likes solving puzzles.
One day, Hongcow finds two identical puzzle pieces, with the instructions "make a rectangle" next to them. The pieces can be described by an n by m grid of characters, where the character 'X' denotes a part of the puzzle ... |
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block.
Monocarp wants to watch $n$ videos. Each video is only one minute long, but its size may be arbitrary. The $i$-th video has the size $a_i$ megabytes. All videos are published on the Internet. A video should be downloaded before it can be watched. Monoca... |
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block.
Pablo Squarson is a well-known cubism artist. This year's theme for Pablo Squarson is "Squares". Today we are visiting his studio to see how his masterpieces are given birth.
At the center of his studio, there is a huuuuuge table and beside it are many... |
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block.
You are appointed director of a famous concert hall, to save it from bankruptcy. The hall is very popular, and receives many requests to use its two fine rooms, but unfortunately the previous director was not very efficient, and it has been losing money... |
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block.
There is a train going from Station A to Station B that costs X yen (the currency of Japan).
Also, there is a bus going from Station B to Station C that costs Y yen.
Joisino got a special ticket. With this ticket, she can take the bus for half the fare ... |
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