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Sonya decided that having her own hotel business is the best way of earning money because she can profit and rest wherever she wants.
The country where Sonya lives is an endless line. There is a city in each integer coordinate on this line. She has n h... |
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Consider a table of size n Γ m, initially fully white. Rows are numbered 1 through n from top to bottom, columns 1 through m from left to right. Some square inside the table with odd side length was painted black. Find the center of this square.
Input
... |
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Everybody seems to think that the Martians are green, but it turns out they are metallic pink and fat. Ajs has two bags of distinct nonnegative integers. The bags are disjoint, and the union of the sets of numbers in the bags is \{0,1,β¦,M-1\}, for some ... |
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Elections in Berland are coming. There are only two candidates β Alice and Bob.
The main Berland TV channel plans to show political debates. There are n people who want to take part in the debate as a spectator. Each person is described by their influe... |
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There are n students in a university. The number of students is even. The i-th student has programming skill equal to a_i.
The coach wants to form n/2 teams. Each team should consist of exactly two students, and each student should belong to exactly o... |
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Let's denote that some array b is bad if it contains a subarray b_l, b_{l+1}, ..., b_{r} of odd length more than 1 (l < r and r - l + 1 is odd) such that β i β \{0, 1, ..., r - l\} b_{l + i} = b_{r - i}.
If an array is not bad, it is good.
Now you are... |
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Innokenty works at a flea market and sells some random stuff rare items. Recently he found an old rectangular blanket. It turned out that the blanket is split in n β
m colored pieces that form a rectangle with n rows and m columns.
The colored pieces ... |
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Vasya is about to take his first university exam in about several minutes. And it's not just some ordinary exam, it's on mathematical analysis. Of course, right now Vasya can only think of one thing: what the result of his talk with the examiner will be... |
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You work as a system administrator in a dormitory, which has n rooms one after another along a straight hallway. Rooms are numbered from 1 to n.
You have to connect all n rooms to the Internet.
You can connect each room to the Internet directly, the c... |
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Welcome! Everything is fine.
You have arrived in The Medium Place, the place between The Good Place and The Bad Place. You are assigned a task that will either make people happier or torture them for eternity.
You have a list of k pairs of people who ... |
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Warawreh created a great company called Nanosoft. The only thing that Warawreh still has to do is to place a large picture containing its logo on top of the company's building.
The logo of Nanosoft can be described as four squares of the same size merg... |
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You are given an array a of length n that has a special condition: every element in this array has at most 7 divisors. Find the length of the shortest non-empty subsequence of this array product of whose elements is a perfect square.
A sequence a is a ... |
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You are given n integers a_1, a_2, ..., a_n.
For each a_i find its two divisors d_1 > 1 and d_2 > 1 such that \gcd(d_1 + d_2, a_i) = 1 (where \gcd(a, b) is the greatest common divisor of a and b) or say that there is no such pair.
Input
The first lin... |
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You are given an undirected graph where each edge has one of two colors: black or red.
Your task is to assign a real number to each node so that:
* for each black edge the sum of values at its endpoints is 1;
* for each red edge the sum of value... |
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There are n robbers at coordinates (a_1, b_1), (a_2, b_2), ..., (a_n, b_n) and m searchlight at coordinates (c_1, d_1), (c_2, d_2), ..., (c_m, d_m).
In one move you can move each robber to the right (increase a_i of each robber by one) or move each ro... |
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Polycarp found on the street an array a of n elements.
Polycarp invented his criterion for the beauty of an array. He calls an array a beautiful if at least one of the following conditions must be met for each different pair of indices i β j:
* a_i... |
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As Sherlock Holmes was investigating a crime, he identified n suspects. He knows for sure that exactly one of them committed the crime. To find out which one did it, the detective lines up the suspects and numbered them from 1 to n. After that, he asked... |
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You've got a rectangular parallelepiped with integer edge lengths. You know the areas of its three faces that have a common vertex. Your task is to find the sum of lengths of all 12 edges of this parallelepiped.
Input
The first and the single line con... |
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For he knew every Who down in Whoville beneath, Was busy now, hanging a mistletoe wreath. "And they're hanging their stockings!" he snarled with a sneer, "Tomorrow is Christmas! It's practically here!"
Dr. Suess, How The Grinch Stole Christmas
Christm... |
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Yaroslav thinks that two strings s and w, consisting of digits and having length n are non-comparable if there are two numbers, i and j (1 β€ i, j β€ n), such that si > wi and sj < wj. Here sign si represents the i-th digit of string s, similarly, wj repr... |
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As it has been found out recently, all the Berland's current economical state can be described using a simple table n Γ m in size. n β the number of days in each Berland month, m β the number of months. Thus, a table cell corresponds to a day and a mont... |
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Vasya has n pairs of socks. In the morning of each day Vasya has to put on a pair of socks before he goes to school. When he comes home in the evening, Vasya takes off the used socks and throws them away. Every m-th day (at days with numbers m, 2m, 3m, ... |
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Breaking Good is a new video game which a lot of gamers want to have. There is a certain level in the game that is really difficult even for experienced gamers.
Walter William, the main character of the game, wants to join a gang called Los Hermanos (T... |
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Soon a school Olympiad in Informatics will be held in Berland, n schoolchildren will participate there.
At a meeting of the jury of the Olympiad it was decided that each of the n participants, depending on the results, will get a diploma of the first, ... |
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High school student Vasya got a string of length n as a birthday present. This string consists of letters 'a' and 'b' only. Vasya denotes beauty of the string as the maximum length of a substring (consecutive subsequence) consisting of equal letters.
V... |
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In one school with Vasya there is a student Kostya. Kostya does not like physics, he likes different online games. Every day, having come home, Kostya throws his bag in the farthest corner and sits down at his beloved computer. Kostya even eats glued to... |
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As you have noticed, there are lovely girls in Arpaβs land.
People in Arpa's land are numbered from 1 to n. Everyone has exactly one crush, i-th person's crush is person with the number crushi.
<image>
Someday Arpa shouted Owf loudly from the top of ... |
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Noora is a student of one famous high school. It's her final year in school β she is going to study in university next year. However, she has to get an Β«AΒ» graduation certificate in order to apply to a prestigious one.
In school, where Noora is studyin... |
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Palindromic characteristics of string s with length |s| is a sequence of |s| integers, where k-th number is the total number of non-empty substrings of s which are k-palindromes.
A string is 1-palindrome if and only if it reads the same backward as for... |
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There are n points on a straight line, and the i-th point among them is located at xi. All these coordinates are distinct.
Determine the number m β the smallest number of points you should add on the line to make the distances between all neighboring p... |
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Two famous competing companies ChemForces and TopChemist decided to show their sets of recently discovered chemical elements on an exhibition. However they know that no element should be present in the sets of both companies.
In order to avoid this rep... |
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Problem Statement:
Dom and Brian were trying to evade the truck drivers of Verone's gang. They were too fast, too furious for them, and could get away from the truck drivers easily. They decided to race with each other, and divided the city into N chec... |
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Soumika has a string S and its starting index is 1. The string S consists of characters from 1-9. As she is very intelligent, she wants to test his brother Vinay Tendulkar. She asked her brother Vinay Tendulkar to count the number of even numbered chara... |
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There is a grid with N rows and N columns of squares. Let (i, j) be the square at the i-th row from the top and the j-th column from the left.
Each of the central (N-2) \times (N-2) squares in the grid has a black stone on it. Each of the 2N - 1 square... |
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We have A cards, each of which has an integer 1 written on it. Similarly, we also have B cards with 0s and C cards with -1s.
We will pick up K among these cards. What is the maximum possible sum of the numbers written on the cards chosen?
Constraints
... |
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Niwango bought a piece of land that can be represented as a half-open interval [0, X).
Niwango will lay out N vinyl sheets on this land. The sheets are numbered 1,2, \ldots, N, and they are distinguishable. For Sheet i, he can choose an integer j such ... |
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We will call a string obtained by arranging the characters contained in a string a in some order, an anagram of a.
For example, `greenbin` is an anagram of `beginner`. As seen here, when the same character occurs multiple times, that character must be ... |
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In the beginning, Takahashi has A cookies, and Aoki has B cookies. They will perform the following operation alternately, starting from Takahashi:
* If the number of cookies in his hand is odd, eat one of those cookies; if the number is even, do nothin... |
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Akaki, a patissier, can make N kinds of doughnut using only a certain powder called "Okashi no Moto" (literally "material of pastry", simply called Moto below) as ingredient. These doughnuts are called Doughnut 1, Doughnut 2, ..., Doughnut N. In order t... |
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We call a 4-digit integer with three or more consecutive same digits, such as 1118, good.
You are given a 4-digit integer N. Answer the question: Is N good?
Constraints
* 1000 β€ N β€ 9999
* N is an integer.
Input
Input is given from Standard Input i... |
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You are given two integers A and B as the input. Output the value of A + B.
However, if A + B is 10 or greater, output `error` instead.
Constraints
* A and B are integers.
* 1 β€ A, B β€ 9
Input
Input is given from Standard Input in the following for... |
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Given a lowercase English letter c, determine whether it is a vowel. Here, there are five vowels in the English alphabet: `a`, `e`, `i`, `o` and `u`.
Constraints
* c is a lowercase English letter.
Input
The input is given from Standard Input in the ... |
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In the city, there are two pastry shops. One shop was very popular because its cakes are pretty tasty. However, there was a man who is displeased at the shop. He was an owner of another shop. Although cause of his shop's unpopularity is incredibly awful... |
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You are given a sequence a0a1...aN-1 digits and a prime number Q. For each i β€ j with ai β 0, the subsequence aiai+1...aj can be read as a decimal representation of a positive integer. Subsequences with leading zeros are not considered. Your task is to ... |
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You are a programmer who loves bishojo games (a sub-genre of dating simulation games). A game, which is titled "I * C * P * C!" and was released yesterday, has arrived to you just now. This game has multiple endings. When you complete all of those endin... |
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A great king of a certain country suddenly decided to visit the land of a friendly country. The country is famous for trains, and the king visits various stations.
There are 52 train stations, each with a single uppercase or lowercase alphabetic name (... |
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problem
AOR Ika likes rooted trees with a fractal (self-similar) structure. Consider using the weighted rooted tree $ T $ consisting of $ N $ vertices to represent the rooted tree $ T'$ with the following fractal structure.
* $ T'$ is the addition of ... |
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You have N coins each of which has a value ai. Find the number of combinations that result when you choose K different coins in such a way that the total value of the coins is greater than or equal to L and less than or equal to R.
Constraints
* 1 β€ K... |
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Division of Big Integers
Given two integers $A$ and $B$, compute the quotient, $\frac{A}{B}$. Round down to the nearest decimal.
Input
Two integers $A$ and $B$ separated by a space character are given in a line.
Output
Print the quotient in a line.... |
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Chef talks a lot on his mobile phone. As a result he exhausts his talk-value (in Rokdas) very quickly. One day at a mobile recharge shop, he noticed that his service provider gives add-on plans which can lower his calling rates (Rokdas/minute). One of t... |
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Polycarp loves ciphers. He has invented his own cipher called Right-Left.
Right-Left cipher is used for strings. To encrypt the string s=s_{1}s_{2} ... s_{n} Polycarp uses the following algorithm:
* he writes down s_1,
* he appends the current wo... |
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This is an interactive problem.
Vasya and Petya are going to play the following game: Petya has some positive integer number a. After that Vasya should guess this number using the following questions. He can say a pair of non-negative integer numbers (... |
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You came to a local shop and want to buy some chocolate bars. There are n bars in the shop, i-th of them costs a_i coins (and you want to buy all of them).
You have m different coupons that allow you to buy chocolate bars. i-th coupon allows you to buy... |
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Anadi has a set of dominoes. Every domino has two parts, and each part contains some dots. For every a and b such that 1 β€ a β€ b β€ 6, there is exactly one domino with a dots on one half and b dots on the other half. The set contains exactly 21 dominoes.... |
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Kamil likes streaming the competitive programming videos. His MeTube channel has recently reached 100 million subscribers. In order to celebrate this, he posted a video with an interesting problem he couldn't solve yet. Can you help him?
You're given a... |
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Three friends are going to meet each other. Initially, the first friend stays at the position x = a, the second friend stays at the position x = b and the third friend stays at the position x = c on the coordinate axis Ox.
In one minute each friend ind... |
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You are given string s of length n consisting of 0-s and 1-s. You build an infinite string t as a concatenation of an infinite number of strings s, or t = ssss ... For example, if s = 10010, then t = 100101001010010...
Calculate the number of prefixes ... |
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Vasya has a string s of length n. He decides to make the following modification to the string:
1. Pick an integer k, (1 β€ k β€ n).
2. For i from 1 to n-k+1, reverse the substring s[i:i+k-1] of s. For example, if string s is qwer and k = 2, below i... |
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Xenia is a girl being born a noble. Due to the inflexibility and harshness of her family, Xenia has to find some ways to amuse herself.
<image>
Recently Xenia has bought n_r red gems, n_g green gems and n_b blue gems. Each of the gems has a weight.
N... |
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Little Petya very much likes rectangles and especially squares. Recently he has received 8 points on the plane as a gift from his mother. The points are pairwise distinct. Petya decided to split them into two sets each containing 4 points so that the po... |
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Polycarpus likes studying at school a lot and he is always diligent about his homework. Polycarpus has never had any problems with natural sciences as his great-great-grandfather was the great physicist Seinstein. On the other hand though, Polycarpus ha... |
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Little Petya likes to play very much. And most of all he likes to play the following game:
He is given a sequence of N integer numbers. At each step it is allowed to increase the value of any number by 1 or to decrease it by 1. The goal of the game is ... |
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A permutation is a sequence of integers from 1 to n of length n containing each number exactly once. For example, [1], [4, 3, 5, 1, 2], [3, 2, 1] β are permutations, and [1, 1], [4, 3, 1], [2, 3, 4] β no.
Permutation a is lexicographically smaller than... |
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The progress is not standing still in Berland. Recently all garbage containers in Bertown, the capital of Berland, were replaced by differentiated recycling bins, each accepting some category of waste. While this will definitely improve the ecological s... |
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Berland crossword is a puzzle that is solved on a square grid with n rows and n columns. Initially all the cells are white.
To solve the puzzle one has to color some cells on the border of the grid black in such a way that:
* exactly U cells in the... |
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A number is called 2050-number if it is 2050, 20500, ..., (2050 β
10^k for integer k β₯ 0).
Given a number n, you are asked to represent n as the sum of some (not necessarily distinct) 2050-numbers. Compute the minimum number of 2050-numbers required fo... |
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Finally, you have defeated Razor and now, you are the Most Wanted street racer. Sergeant Cross has sent the full police force after you in a deadly pursuit. Fortunately, you have found a hiding spot but you fear that Cross and his force will eventually ... |
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Input
The only line of input contains three integers a1, a2, a3 (1 β€ a1, a2, a3 β€ 20), separated by spaces.
Output
Output a single integer.
Examples
Input
2 3 2
Output
5
Input
13 14 1
Output
14
Input
14 5 9
Output
464
Input
17 ... |
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A non-empty string s is called binary, if it consists only of characters "0" and "1". Let's number the characters of binary string s from 1 to the string's length and let's denote the i-th character in string s as si.
Binary string s with length n is p... |
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Ilya is a very good-natured lion. He likes maths. Of all mathematical objects, his favourite one is matrices. Now he's faced a complicated matrix problem he needs to solve.
He's got a square 2n Γ 2n-sized matrix and 4n integers. You need to arrange all... |
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A nearby pie shop is having a special sale. For each pie you pay full price for, you may select one pie of a strictly lesser value to get for free. Given the prices of all the pies you wish to acquire, determine the minimum total amount you must pay for... |
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Simon has a rectangular table consisting of n rows and m columns. Simon numbered the rows of the table from top to bottom starting from one and the columns β from left to right starting from one. We'll represent the cell on the x-th row and the y-th col... |
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You have an array of positive integers a[1], a[2], ..., a[n] and a set of bad prime numbers b1, b2, ..., bm. The prime numbers that do not occur in the set b are considered good. The beauty of array a is the sum <image>, where function f(s) is determine... |
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Alex enjoys performing magic tricks. He has a trick that requires a deck of n cards. He has m identical decks of n different cards each, which have been mixed together. When Alex wishes to perform the trick, he grabs n cards at random and performs the t... |
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You have decided to watch the best moments of some movie. There are two buttons on your player:
1. Watch the current minute of the movie. By pressing this button, you watch the current minute of the movie and the player automatically proceeds to the... |
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The first algorithm for detecting a face on the image working in realtime was developed by Paul Viola and Michael Jones in 2001. A part of the algorithm is a procedure that computes Haar features. As part of this task, we consider a simplified model of ... |
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In this problem you are to calculate the sum of all integers from 1 to n, but you should take all powers of two with minus in the sum.
For example, for n = 4 the sum is equal to - 1 - 2 + 3 - 4 = - 4, because 1, 2 and 4 are 20, 21 and 22 respectively.... |
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A lot of people in Berland hates rain, but you do not. Rain pacifies, puts your thoughts in order. By these years you have developed a good tradition β when it rains, you go on the street and stay silent for a moment, contemplate all around you, enjoy f... |
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Sonya was unable to think of a story for this problem, so here comes the formal description.
You are given the array containing n positive integers. At one turn you can pick any element and increase or decrease it by 1. The goal is the make the array s... |
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Anton likes to play chess, and so does his friend Danik.
Once they have played n games in a row. For each game it's known who was the winner β Anton or Danik. None of the games ended with a tie.
Now Anton wonders, who won more games, he or Danik? Help... |
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In Berland it is the holiday of equality. In honor of the holiday the king decided to equalize the welfare of all citizens in Berland by the expense of the state treasury.
Totally in Berland there are n citizens, the welfare of each of them is estimat... |
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Bob recently read about bitwise operations used in computers: AND, OR and XOR. He have studied their properties and invented a new game.
Initially, Bob chooses integer m, bit depth of the game, which means that all numbers in the game will consist of m... |
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The marmots have prepared a very easy problem for this year's HC2 β this one. It involves numbers n, k and a sequence of n positive integers a1, a2, ..., an. They also came up with a beautiful and riveting story for the problem statement. It explains wh... |
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Connect the countless points with lines, till we reach the faraway yonder.
There are n points on a coordinate plane, the i-th of which being (i, yi).
Determine whether it's possible to draw two parallel and non-overlapping lines, such that every point... |
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You are given n distinct points on a plane with integral coordinates. For each point you can either draw a vertical line through it, draw a horizontal line through it, or do nothing.
You consider several coinciding straight lines as a single one. How m... |
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Since you are the best Wraith King, Nizhniy Magazin Β«MirΒ» at the centre of Vinnytsia is offering you a discount.
You are given an array a of length n and an integer c.
The value of some array b of length k is the sum of its elements except for the <i... |
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Petya loves lucky numbers. Everybody knows that positive integers are lucky if their decimal representation doesn't contain digits other than 4 and 7. For example, numbers 47, 744, 4 are lucky and 5, 17, 467 are not.
Lucky number is super lucky if it's... |
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Unlike Knights of a Round Table, Knights of a Polygonal Table deprived of nobility and happy to kill each other. But each knight has some power and a knight can kill another knight if and only if his power is greater than the power of victim. However, e... |
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Harry was contesting to be the most stylist person in his college. He had to collect maximum points from the judges to be able to win. However there was a problem. The judges were sitting in a line and each pair of adjacent judges had ego issues with ea... |
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PRAVAH, an annual techfest is being organised at SKIT. Naina comes up with an idea for an event Guess The Number. In this event, the computer thinks up a random number and the player is asked to guess that number and enter it in the system. if the numbe... |
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Let us see how search engines work. Consider the following simple auto complete feature. When you type some characters in the text bar, the engine automatically gives best matching options among it's database. Your job is simple. Given an incomplete sea... |
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Takahashi is a member of a programming competition site, ButCoder.
Each member of ButCoder is assigned two values: Inner Rating and Displayed Rating.
The Displayed Rating of a member is equal to their Inner Rating if the member has participated in 10 ... |
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Takahashi, who is A years old, is riding a Ferris wheel.
It costs B yen (B is an even number) to ride the Ferris wheel if you are 13 years old or older, but children between 6 and 12 years old (inclusive) can ride it for half the cost, and children who... |
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Find the sum of the integers between 1 and N (inclusive), whose sum of digits written in base 10 is between A and B (inclusive).
Constraints
* 1 \leq N \leq 10^4
* 1 \leq A \leq B \leq 36
* All input values are integers.
Input
Input is given from St... |
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This contest, AtCoder Beginner Contest, is abbreviated as ABC.
When we refer to a specific round of ABC, a three-digit number is appended after ABC. For example, ABC680 is the 680th round of ABC.
What is the abbreviation for the N-th round of ABC? Wri... |
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Snuke loves constructing integer sequences.
There are N piles of stones, numbered 1 through N. The pile numbered i consists of a_i stones.
Snuke will construct an integer sequence s of length Ξ£a_i, as follows:
1. Among the piles with the largest numb... |
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Read the coordinates of four different points on the plane, $ A (x_A, y_A) $, $ B (x_B, y_B) $, $ C (x_C, y_C) $, $ D (x_D, y_D) $, and straight line $ Create a program that outputs YES if AB $ and $ CD $ are orthogonal, and NO if they are not orthogona... |
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block.
Mr. A, who will graduate next spring, decided to move when he got a job. The company that finds a job has offices in several towns, and the offices that go to work differ depending on the day. So Mr. A decided to live in a town where he had a short time... |
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block.
Yuki made a sugoroku so that everyone can play at the children's association event. In this sugoroku, squares are lined up in a ring, and each square has an integer of 1 or more written on it.
The player chooses a square as a starting point and places ... |
Solve the programming task below in a Python markdown code block.
A Bingo game is played by one gamemaster and several players. At the beginning of a game, each player is given a card with M Γ M numbers in a matrix (See Figure 10).
<image>
As the game proceeds, the gamemaster announces a series of numbers one by one... |
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