gem_id
stringlengths 20
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| id
stringlengths 24
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| title
stringlengths 3
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| context
stringlengths 151
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| question
stringlengths 1
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| target
stringlengths 1
270
| references
list | answers
dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
gem-squad_v2-train-102900
|
5727faefff5b5019007d99d0
|
Unicode
|
The Unicode Roadmap Committee (Michael Everson, Rick McGowan, and Ken Whistler) maintain the list of scripts that are candidates or potential candidates for encoding and their tentative code block assignments on the Unicode Roadmap page of the Unicode Consortium Web site. For some scripts on the Roadmap, such as Jurchen, Nü Shu, and Tangut, encoding proposals have been made and they are working their way through the approval process. For others scripts, such as Mayan and Rongorongo, no proposal has yet been made, and they await agreement on character repertoire and other details from the user communities involved.
|
Michael Everson, Rick McGowan, and Ken Whistler make up what group?
|
Michael Everson, Rick McGowan, and Ken Whistler make up what group?
|
[
"Michael Everson, Rick McGowan, and Ken Whistler make up what group?"
] |
{
"text": [
"Unicode Roadmap Committee"
],
"answer_start": [
4
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-102901
|
5727faefff5b5019007d99d1
|
Unicode
|
The Unicode Roadmap Committee (Michael Everson, Rick McGowan, and Ken Whistler) maintain the list of scripts that are candidates or potential candidates for encoding and their tentative code block assignments on the Unicode Roadmap page of the Unicode Consortium Web site. For some scripts on the Roadmap, such as Jurchen, Nü Shu, and Tangut, encoding proposals have been made and they are working their way through the approval process. For others scripts, such as Mayan and Rongorongo, no proposal has yet been made, and they await agreement on character repertoire and other details from the user communities involved.
|
What does the Unicode Roadmap Commmittee do?
|
What does the Unicode Roadmap Commmittee do?
|
[
"What does the Unicode Roadmap Commmittee do? "
] |
{
"text": [
"maintain the list of scripts that are candidates or potential candidates for encoding"
],
"answer_start": [
80
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-102902
|
5727faefff5b5019007d99d2
|
Unicode
|
The Unicode Roadmap Committee (Michael Everson, Rick McGowan, and Ken Whistler) maintain the list of scripts that are candidates or potential candidates for encoding and their tentative code block assignments on the Unicode Roadmap page of the Unicode Consortium Web site. For some scripts on the Roadmap, such as Jurchen, Nü Shu, and Tangut, encoding proposals have been made and they are working their way through the approval process. For others scripts, such as Mayan and Rongorongo, no proposal has yet been made, and they await agreement on character repertoire and other details from the user communities involved.
|
What proposal has been made for the Mayan script?
|
What proposal has been made for the Mayan script?
|
[
"What proposal has been made for the Mayan script? "
] |
{
"text": [
"no proposal has yet been made"
],
"answer_start": [
488
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-102903
|
5727faefff5b5019007d99d3
|
Unicode
|
The Unicode Roadmap Committee (Michael Everson, Rick McGowan, and Ken Whistler) maintain the list of scripts that are candidates or potential candidates for encoding and their tentative code block assignments on the Unicode Roadmap page of the Unicode Consortium Web site. For some scripts on the Roadmap, such as Jurchen, Nü Shu, and Tangut, encoding proposals have been made and they are working their way through the approval process. For others scripts, such as Mayan and Rongorongo, no proposal has yet been made, and they await agreement on character repertoire and other details from the user communities involved.
|
Where does the Unicode Roadmap Committee post information on these scripts?
|
Where does the Unicode Roadmap Committee post information on these scripts?
|
[
"Where does the Unicode Roadmap Committee post information on these scripts?"
] |
{
"text": [
"Unicode Consortium Web site"
],
"answer_start": [
244
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-102904
|
5acd1d2407355d001abf3588
|
Unicode
|
The Unicode Roadmap Committee (Michael Everson, Rick McGowan, and Ken Whistler) maintain the list of scripts that are candidates or potential candidates for encoding and their tentative code block assignments on the Unicode Roadmap page of the Unicode Consortium Web site. For some scripts on the Roadmap, such as Jurchen, Nü Shu, and Tangut, encoding proposals have been made and they are working their way through the approval process. For others scripts, such as Mayan and Rongorongo, no proposal has yet been made, and they await agreement on character repertoire and other details from the user communities involved.
|
Who are the potential candidates for encoding?
|
Who are the potential candidates for encoding?
|
[
"Who are the potential candidates for encoding?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-102905
|
5acd1d2407355d001abf3589
|
Unicode
|
The Unicode Roadmap Committee (Michael Everson, Rick McGowan, and Ken Whistler) maintain the list of scripts that are candidates or potential candidates for encoding and their tentative code block assignments on the Unicode Roadmap page of the Unicode Consortium Web site. For some scripts on the Roadmap, such as Jurchen, Nü Shu, and Tangut, encoding proposals have been made and they are working their way through the approval process. For others scripts, such as Mayan and Rongorongo, no proposal has yet been made, and they await agreement on character repertoire and other details from the user communities involved.
|
Who made the proposal for the Mayan script?
|
Who made the proposal for the Mayan script?
|
[
"Who made the proposal for the Mayan script?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-102906
|
5acd1d2407355d001abf358a
|
Unicode
|
The Unicode Roadmap Committee (Michael Everson, Rick McGowan, and Ken Whistler) maintain the list of scripts that are candidates or potential candidates for encoding and their tentative code block assignments on the Unicode Roadmap page of the Unicode Consortium Web site. For some scripts on the Roadmap, such as Jurchen, Nü Shu, and Tangut, encoding proposals have been made and they are working their way through the approval process. For others scripts, such as Mayan and Rongorongo, no proposal has yet been made, and they await agreement on character repertoire and other details from the user communities involved.
|
What needs to be agreed upon before a script for Jurchen is proposed?
|
What needs to be agreed upon before a script for Jurchen is proposed?
|
[
"What needs to be agreed upon before a script for Jurchen is proposed?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-102907
|
5acd1d2407355d001abf358b
|
Unicode
|
The Unicode Roadmap Committee (Michael Everson, Rick McGowan, and Ken Whistler) maintain the list of scripts that are candidates or potential candidates for encoding and their tentative code block assignments on the Unicode Roadmap page of the Unicode Consortium Web site. For some scripts on the Roadmap, such as Jurchen, Nü Shu, and Tangut, encoding proposals have been made and they are working their way through the approval process. For others scripts, such as Mayan and Rongorongo, no proposal has yet been made, and they await agreement on character repertoire and other details from the user communities involved.
|
Which scripts are user committees no longer proposing?
|
Which scripts are user committees no longer proposing?
|
[
"Which scripts are user committees no longer proposing?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-102908
|
5acd1d2407355d001abf358c
|
Unicode
|
The Unicode Roadmap Committee (Michael Everson, Rick McGowan, and Ken Whistler) maintain the list of scripts that are candidates or potential candidates for encoding and their tentative code block assignments on the Unicode Roadmap page of the Unicode Consortium Web site. For some scripts on the Roadmap, such as Jurchen, Nü Shu, and Tangut, encoding proposals have been made and they are working their way through the approval process. For others scripts, such as Mayan and Rongorongo, no proposal has yet been made, and they await agreement on character repertoire and other details from the user communities involved.
|
What committies have to approve proposals?
|
What committies have to approve proposals?
|
[
"What committies have to approve proposals?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-102909
|
5728027a4b864d1900164208
|
Unicode
|
Unicode defines two mapping methods: the Unicode Transformation Format (UTF) encodings, and the Universal Coded Character Set (UCS) encodings. An encoding maps (possibly a subset of) the range of Unicode code points to sequences of values in some fixed-size range, termed code values. The numbers in the names of the encodings indicate the number of bits per code value (for UTF encodings) or the number of bytes per code value (for UCS encodings). UTF-8 and UTF-16 are probably the most commonly used encodings. UCS-2 is an obsolete subset of UTF-16; UCS-4 and UTF-32 are functionally equivalent.
|
How many mapping methods does Unicode define?
|
How many mapping methods does Unicode define?
|
[
"How many mapping methods does Unicode define?"
] |
{
"text": [
"two"
],
"answer_start": [
16
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-102910
|
5728027a4b864d1900164209
|
Unicode
|
Unicode defines two mapping methods: the Unicode Transformation Format (UTF) encodings, and the Universal Coded Character Set (UCS) encodings. An encoding maps (possibly a subset of) the range of Unicode code points to sequences of values in some fixed-size range, termed code values. The numbers in the names of the encodings indicate the number of bits per code value (for UTF encodings) or the number of bytes per code value (for UCS encodings). UTF-8 and UTF-16 are probably the most commonly used encodings. UCS-2 is an obsolete subset of UTF-16; UCS-4 and UTF-32 are functionally equivalent.
|
What are the two mapping methods that Unicode defines?
|
What are the two mapping methods that Unicode defines?
|
[
"What are the two mapping methods that Unicode defines?"
] |
{
"text": [
"Unicode Transformation Format (UTF) encodings, and the Universal Coded Character Set (UCS) encodings"
],
"answer_start": [
41
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-102911
|
5728027a4b864d190016420a
|
Unicode
|
Unicode defines two mapping methods: the Unicode Transformation Format (UTF) encodings, and the Universal Coded Character Set (UCS) encodings. An encoding maps (possibly a subset of) the range of Unicode code points to sequences of values in some fixed-size range, termed code values. The numbers in the names of the encodings indicate the number of bits per code value (for UTF encodings) or the number of bytes per code value (for UCS encodings). UTF-8 and UTF-16 are probably the most commonly used encodings. UCS-2 is an obsolete subset of UTF-16; UCS-4 and UTF-32 are functionally equivalent.
|
What do numbers in the names of the encodings indicate?
|
What do numbers in the names of the encodings indicate?
|
[
"What do numbers in the names of the encodings indicate? "
] |
{
"text": [
"the number of bits per code value (for UTF encodings) or the number of bytes per code value"
],
"answer_start": [
336
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-102912
|
5728027a4b864d190016420b
|
Unicode
|
Unicode defines two mapping methods: the Unicode Transformation Format (UTF) encodings, and the Universal Coded Character Set (UCS) encodings. An encoding maps (possibly a subset of) the range of Unicode code points to sequences of values in some fixed-size range, termed code values. The numbers in the names of the encodings indicate the number of bits per code value (for UTF encodings) or the number of bytes per code value (for UCS encodings). UTF-8 and UTF-16 are probably the most commonly used encodings. UCS-2 is an obsolete subset of UTF-16; UCS-4 and UTF-32 are functionally equivalent.
|
What are the most commonly used encodings?
|
What are the most commonly used encodings?
|
[
"What are the most commonly used encodings? "
] |
{
"text": [
"UTF-8 and UTF-16"
],
"answer_start": [
449
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-102913
|
5728027a4b864d190016420c
|
Unicode
|
Unicode defines two mapping methods: the Unicode Transformation Format (UTF) encodings, and the Universal Coded Character Set (UCS) encodings. An encoding maps (possibly a subset of) the range of Unicode code points to sequences of values in some fixed-size range, termed code values. The numbers in the names of the encodings indicate the number of bits per code value (for UTF encodings) or the number of bytes per code value (for UCS encodings). UTF-8 and UTF-16 are probably the most commonly used encodings. UCS-2 is an obsolete subset of UTF-16; UCS-4 and UTF-32 are functionally equivalent.
|
What does UCS stand for?
|
What does UCS stand for?
|
[
"What does UCS stand for?"
] |
{
"text": [
"Universal Coded Character Set"
],
"answer_start": [
96
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-102914
|
5acd1db907355d001abf35a6
|
Unicode
|
Unicode defines two mapping methods: the Unicode Transformation Format (UTF) encodings, and the Universal Coded Character Set (UCS) encodings. An encoding maps (possibly a subset of) the range of Unicode code points to sequences of values in some fixed-size range, termed code values. The numbers in the names of the encodings indicate the number of bits per code value (for UTF encodings) or the number of bytes per code value (for UCS encodings). UTF-8 and UTF-16 are probably the most commonly used encodings. UCS-2 is an obsolete subset of UTF-16; UCS-4 and UTF-32 are functionally equivalent.
|
How many mapping modes does USC have?
|
How many mapping modes does USC have?
|
[
"How many mapping modes does USC have?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-102915
|
5acd1db907355d001abf35a7
|
Unicode
|
Unicode defines two mapping methods: the Unicode Transformation Format (UTF) encodings, and the Universal Coded Character Set (UCS) encodings. An encoding maps (possibly a subset of) the range of Unicode code points to sequences of values in some fixed-size range, termed code values. The numbers in the names of the encodings indicate the number of bits per code value (for UTF encodings) or the number of bytes per code value (for UCS encodings). UTF-8 and UTF-16 are probably the most commonly used encodings. UCS-2 is an obsolete subset of UTF-16; UCS-4 and UTF-32 are functionally equivalent.
|
What maps an encoding?
|
What maps an encoding?
|
[
"What maps an encoding?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-102916
|
5acd1db907355d001abf35a8
|
Unicode
|
Unicode defines two mapping methods: the Unicode Transformation Format (UTF) encodings, and the Universal Coded Character Set (UCS) encodings. An encoding maps (possibly a subset of) the range of Unicode code points to sequences of values in some fixed-size range, termed code values. The numbers in the names of the encodings indicate the number of bits per code value (for UTF encodings) or the number of bytes per code value (for UCS encodings). UTF-8 and UTF-16 are probably the most commonly used encodings. UCS-2 is an obsolete subset of UTF-16; UCS-4 and UTF-32 are functionally equivalent.
|
What is the subset of UTF-8?
|
What is the subset of UTF-8?
|
[
"What is the subset of UTF-8?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-102917
|
5acd1db907355d001abf35a9
|
Unicode
|
Unicode defines two mapping methods: the Unicode Transformation Format (UTF) encodings, and the Universal Coded Character Set (UCS) encodings. An encoding maps (possibly a subset of) the range of Unicode code points to sequences of values in some fixed-size range, termed code values. The numbers in the names of the encodings indicate the number of bits per code value (for UTF encodings) or the number of bytes per code value (for UCS encodings). UTF-8 and UTF-16 are probably the most commonly used encodings. UCS-2 is an obsolete subset of UTF-16; UCS-4 and UTF-32 are functionally equivalent.
|
What is functionally equivalent to USC-2?
|
What is functionally equivalent to USC-2?
|
[
"What is functionally equivalent to USC-2?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-102918
|
5acd1db907355d001abf35aa
|
Unicode
|
Unicode defines two mapping methods: the Unicode Transformation Format (UTF) encodings, and the Universal Coded Character Set (UCS) encodings. An encoding maps (possibly a subset of) the range of Unicode code points to sequences of values in some fixed-size range, termed code values. The numbers in the names of the encodings indicate the number of bits per code value (for UTF encodings) or the number of bytes per code value (for UCS encodings). UTF-8 and UTF-16 are probably the most commonly used encodings. UCS-2 is an obsolete subset of UTF-16; UCS-4 and UTF-32 are functionally equivalent.
|
What do the sequences of values indicate?
|
What do the sequences of values indicate?
|
[
"What do the sequences of values indicate?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-102919
|
572802e54b864d190016421c
|
Unicode
|
The UCS-2 and UTF-16 encodings specify the Unicode Byte Order Mark (BOM) for use at the beginnings of text files, which may be used for byte ordering detection (or byte endianness detection). The BOM, code point U+FEFF has the important property of unambiguity on byte reorder, regardless of the Unicode encoding used; U+FFFE (the result of byte-swapping U+FEFF) does not equate to a legal character, and U+FEFF in other places, other than the beginning of text, conveys the zero-width non-break space (a character with no appearance and no effect other than preventing the formation of ligatures).
|
What does BOM stand for?
|
What does BOM stand for?
|
[
"What does BOM stand for? "
] |
{
"text": [
"Unicode Byte Order Mark"
],
"answer_start": [
43
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-102920
|
572802e54b864d190016421d
|
Unicode
|
The UCS-2 and UTF-16 encodings specify the Unicode Byte Order Mark (BOM) for use at the beginnings of text files, which may be used for byte ordering detection (or byte endianness detection). The BOM, code point U+FEFF has the important property of unambiguity on byte reorder, regardless of the Unicode encoding used; U+FFFE (the result of byte-swapping U+FEFF) does not equate to a legal character, and U+FEFF in other places, other than the beginning of text, conveys the zero-width non-break space (a character with no appearance and no effect other than preventing the formation of ligatures).
|
What specifies the BOM?
|
What specifies the BOM?
|
[
"What specifies the BOM?"
] |
{
"text": [
"UCS-2 and UTF-16"
],
"answer_start": [
4
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-102921
|
572802e54b864d190016421e
|
Unicode
|
The UCS-2 and UTF-16 encodings specify the Unicode Byte Order Mark (BOM) for use at the beginnings of text files, which may be used for byte ordering detection (or byte endianness detection). The BOM, code point U+FEFF has the important property of unambiguity on byte reorder, regardless of the Unicode encoding used; U+FFFE (the result of byte-swapping U+FEFF) does not equate to a legal character, and U+FEFF in other places, other than the beginning of text, conveys the zero-width non-break space (a character with no appearance and no effect other than preventing the formation of ligatures).
|
what is the code point of the BOM?
|
what is the code point of the BOM?
|
[
"what is the code point of the BOM?"
] |
{
"text": [
"U+FEFF"
],
"answer_start": [
212
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-102922
|
572802e54b864d190016421f
|
Unicode
|
The UCS-2 and UTF-16 encodings specify the Unicode Byte Order Mark (BOM) for use at the beginnings of text files, which may be used for byte ordering detection (or byte endianness detection). The BOM, code point U+FEFF has the important property of unambiguity on byte reorder, regardless of the Unicode encoding used; U+FFFE (the result of byte-swapping U+FEFF) does not equate to a legal character, and U+FEFF in other places, other than the beginning of text, conveys the zero-width non-break space (a character with no appearance and no effect other than preventing the formation of ligatures).
|
What is U+UFFE the result of?
|
What is U+UFFE the result of?
|
[
"What is U+UFFE the result of? "
] |
{
"text": [
"byte-swapping U+FEFF"
],
"answer_start": [
341
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-102923
|
5acd209007355d001abf35ea
|
Unicode
|
The UCS-2 and UTF-16 encodings specify the Unicode Byte Order Mark (BOM) for use at the beginnings of text files, which may be used for byte ordering detection (or byte endianness detection). The BOM, code point U+FEFF has the important property of unambiguity on byte reorder, regardless of the Unicode encoding used; U+FFFE (the result of byte-swapping U+FEFF) does not equate to a legal character, and U+FEFF in other places, other than the beginning of text, conveys the zero-width non-break space (a character with no appearance and no effect other than preventing the formation of ligatures).
|
What is the code point for BOM?
|
What is the code point for BOM?
|
[
"What is the code point for BOM?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-102924
|
5acd209007355d001abf35eb
|
Unicode
|
The UCS-2 and UTF-16 encodings specify the Unicode Byte Order Mark (BOM) for use at the beginnings of text files, which may be used for byte ordering detection (or byte endianness detection). The BOM, code point U+FEFF has the important property of unambiguity on byte reorder, regardless of the Unicode encoding used; U+FFFE (the result of byte-swapping U+FEFF) does not equate to a legal character, and U+FEFF in other places, other than the beginning of text, conveys the zero-width non-break space (a character with no appearance and no effect other than preventing the formation of ligatures).
|
What changes the important property in BOM?
|
What changes the important property in BOM?
|
[
"What changes the important property in BOM?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-102925
|
5acd209007355d001abf35ec
|
Unicode
|
The UCS-2 and UTF-16 encodings specify the Unicode Byte Order Mark (BOM) for use at the beginnings of text files, which may be used for byte ordering detection (or byte endianness detection). The BOM, code point U+FEFF has the important property of unambiguity on byte reorder, regardless of the Unicode encoding used; U+FFFE (the result of byte-swapping U+FEFF) does not equate to a legal character, and U+FEFF in other places, other than the beginning of text, conveys the zero-width non-break space (a character with no appearance and no effect other than preventing the formation of ligatures).
|
U+FFFE is equated to what?
|
U+FFFE is equated to what?
|
[
"U+FFFE is equated to what?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-102926
|
5acd209007355d001abf35ed
|
Unicode
|
The UCS-2 and UTF-16 encodings specify the Unicode Byte Order Mark (BOM) for use at the beginnings of text files, which may be used for byte ordering detection (or byte endianness detection). The BOM, code point U+FEFF has the important property of unambiguity on byte reorder, regardless of the Unicode encoding used; U+FFFE (the result of byte-swapping U+FEFF) does not equate to a legal character, and U+FEFF in other places, other than the beginning of text, conveys the zero-width non-break space (a character with no appearance and no effect other than preventing the formation of ligatures).
|
What are UCS-2 and UTF-16 specified by?
|
What are UCS-2 and UTF-16 specified by?
|
[
"What are UCS-2 and UTF-16 specified by?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-102927
|
5acd209007355d001abf35ee
|
Unicode
|
The UCS-2 and UTF-16 encodings specify the Unicode Byte Order Mark (BOM) for use at the beginnings of text files, which may be used for byte ordering detection (or byte endianness detection). The BOM, code point U+FEFF has the important property of unambiguity on byte reorder, regardless of the Unicode encoding used; U+FFFE (the result of byte-swapping U+FEFF) does not equate to a legal character, and U+FEFF in other places, other than the beginning of text, conveys the zero-width non-break space (a character with no appearance and no effect other than preventing the formation of ligatures).
|
What is the abbreviation for UCS-2 and UTF-16?
|
What is the abbreviation for UCS-2 and UTF-16?
|
[
"What is the abbreviation for UCS-2 and UTF-16?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-102928
|
572805f5ff5b5019007d9b1a
|
Unicode
|
The same character converted to UTF-8 becomes the byte sequence EF BB BF. The Unicode Standard allows that the BOM "can serve as signature for UTF-8 encoded text where the character set is unmarked". Some software developers have adopted it for other encodings, including UTF-8, in an attempt to distinguish UTF-8 from local 8-bit code pages. However RFC 3629, the UTF-8 standard, recommends that byte order marks be forbidden in protocols using UTF-8, but discusses the cases where this may not be possible. In addition, the large restriction on possible patterns in UTF-8 (for instance there cannot be any lone bytes with the high bit set) means that it should be possible to distinguish UTF-8 from other character encodings without relying on the BOM.
|
What is the UTF-8 standard?
|
What is the UTF-8 standard?
|
[
"What is the UTF-8 standard? "
] |
{
"text": [
"RFC 3629"
],
"answer_start": [
351
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-102929
|
572805f5ff5b5019007d9b1b
|
Unicode
|
The same character converted to UTF-8 becomes the byte sequence EF BB BF. The Unicode Standard allows that the BOM "can serve as signature for UTF-8 encoded text where the character set is unmarked". Some software developers have adopted it for other encodings, including UTF-8, in an attempt to distinguish UTF-8 from local 8-bit code pages. However RFC 3629, the UTF-8 standard, recommends that byte order marks be forbidden in protocols using UTF-8, but discusses the cases where this may not be possible. In addition, the large restriction on possible patterns in UTF-8 (for instance there cannot be any lone bytes with the high bit set) means that it should be possible to distinguish UTF-8 from other character encodings without relying on the BOM.
|
Byte order marks are forbidden in protocols using what standard?
|
Byte order marks are forbidden in protocols using what standard?
|
[
"Byte order marks are forbidden in protocols using what standard? "
] |
{
"text": [
"UTF-8"
],
"answer_start": [
446
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-102930
|
572805f5ff5b5019007d9b1c
|
Unicode
|
The same character converted to UTF-8 becomes the byte sequence EF BB BF. The Unicode Standard allows that the BOM "can serve as signature for UTF-8 encoded text where the character set is unmarked". Some software developers have adopted it for other encodings, including UTF-8, in an attempt to distinguish UTF-8 from local 8-bit code pages. However RFC 3629, the UTF-8 standard, recommends that byte order marks be forbidden in protocols using UTF-8, but discusses the cases where this may not be possible. In addition, the large restriction on possible patterns in UTF-8 (for instance there cannot be any lone bytes with the high bit set) means that it should be possible to distinguish UTF-8 from other character encodings without relying on the BOM.
|
Why is it possible to distinguish UTF-8 from other protocols?
|
Why is it possible to distinguish UTF-8 from other protocols?
|
[
"Why is it possible to distinguish UTF-8 from other protocols?"
] |
{
"text": [
"the large restriction on possible patterns"
],
"answer_start": [
522
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-102931
|
5acd211a07355d001abf35fe
|
Unicode
|
The same character converted to UTF-8 becomes the byte sequence EF BB BF. The Unicode Standard allows that the BOM "can serve as signature for UTF-8 encoded text where the character set is unmarked". Some software developers have adopted it for other encodings, including UTF-8, in an attempt to distinguish UTF-8 from local 8-bit code pages. However RFC 3629, the UTF-8 standard, recommends that byte order marks be forbidden in protocols using UTF-8, but discusses the cases where this may not be possible. In addition, the large restriction on possible patterns in UTF-8 (for instance there cannot be any lone bytes with the high bit set) means that it should be possible to distinguish UTF-8 from other character encodings without relying on the BOM.
|
BOM can not replace what kind of UTF-8 text?
|
BOM can not replace what kind of UTF-8 text?
|
[
"BOM can not replace what kind of UTF-8 text?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-102932
|
5acd211a07355d001abf35ff
|
Unicode
|
The same character converted to UTF-8 becomes the byte sequence EF BB BF. The Unicode Standard allows that the BOM "can serve as signature for UTF-8 encoded text where the character set is unmarked". Some software developers have adopted it for other encodings, including UTF-8, in an attempt to distinguish UTF-8 from local 8-bit code pages. However RFC 3629, the UTF-8 standard, recommends that byte order marks be forbidden in protocols using UTF-8, but discusses the cases where this may not be possible. In addition, the large restriction on possible patterns in UTF-8 (for instance there cannot be any lone bytes with the high bit set) means that it should be possible to distinguish UTF-8 from other character encodings without relying on the BOM.
|
What is used to distinguish local 8-bit code pages?
|
What is used to distinguish local 8-bit code pages?
|
[
"What is used to distinguish local 8-bit code pages?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-102933
|
5acd211a07355d001abf3600
|
Unicode
|
The same character converted to UTF-8 becomes the byte sequence EF BB BF. The Unicode Standard allows that the BOM "can serve as signature for UTF-8 encoded text where the character set is unmarked". Some software developers have adopted it for other encodings, including UTF-8, in an attempt to distinguish UTF-8 from local 8-bit code pages. However RFC 3629, the UTF-8 standard, recommends that byte order marks be forbidden in protocols using UTF-8, but discusses the cases where this may not be possible. In addition, the large restriction on possible patterns in UTF-8 (for instance there cannot be any lone bytes with the high bit set) means that it should be possible to distinguish UTF-8 from other character encodings without relying on the BOM.
|
What is the name of the BOM standard?
|
What is the name of the BOM standard?
|
[
"What is the name of the BOM standard?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-102934
|
5acd211a07355d001abf3601
|
Unicode
|
The same character converted to UTF-8 becomes the byte sequence EF BB BF. The Unicode Standard allows that the BOM "can serve as signature for UTF-8 encoded text where the character set is unmarked". Some software developers have adopted it for other encodings, including UTF-8, in an attempt to distinguish UTF-8 from local 8-bit code pages. However RFC 3629, the UTF-8 standard, recommends that byte order marks be forbidden in protocols using UTF-8, but discusses the cases where this may not be possible. In addition, the large restriction on possible patterns in UTF-8 (for instance there cannot be any lone bytes with the high bit set) means that it should be possible to distinguish UTF-8 from other character encodings without relying on the BOM.
|
What type of bytes are required in a high bit set?
|
What type of bytes are required in a high bit set?
|
[
"What type of bytes are required in a high bit set?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-102935
|
5acd211a07355d001abf3602
|
Unicode
|
The same character converted to UTF-8 becomes the byte sequence EF BB BF. The Unicode Standard allows that the BOM "can serve as signature for UTF-8 encoded text where the character set is unmarked". Some software developers have adopted it for other encodings, including UTF-8, in an attempt to distinguish UTF-8 from local 8-bit code pages. However RFC 3629, the UTF-8 standard, recommends that byte order marks be forbidden in protocols using UTF-8, but discusses the cases where this may not be possible. In addition, the large restriction on possible patterns in UTF-8 (for instance there cannot be any lone bytes with the high bit set) means that it should be possible to distinguish UTF-8 from other character encodings without relying on the BOM.
|
What type of patterns are rarely resticted?
|
What type of patterns are rarely resticted?
|
[
"What type of patterns are rarely resticted?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-102936
|
57280742ff5b5019007d9b3c
|
Unicode
|
In UTF-32 and UCS-4, one 32-bit code value serves as a fairly direct representation of any character's code point (although the endianness, which varies across different platforms, affects how the code value manifests as an octet sequence). In the other encodings, each code point may be represented by a variable number of code values. UTF-32 is widely used as an internal representation of text in programs (as opposed to stored or transmitted text), since every Unix operating system that uses the gcc compilers to generate software uses it as the standard "wide character" encoding. Some programming languages, such as Seed7, use UTF-32 as internal representation for strings and characters. Recent versions of the Python programming language (beginning with 2.2) may also be configured to use UTF-32 as the representation for Unicode strings, effectively disseminating such encoding in high-level coded software.
|
How is UTF-32 widely used?
|
How is UTF-32 widely used?
|
[
"How is UTF-32 widely used? "
] |
{
"text": [
"internal representation of text in programs"
],
"answer_start": [
365
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-102937
|
57280742ff5b5019007d9b3d
|
Unicode
|
In UTF-32 and UCS-4, one 32-bit code value serves as a fairly direct representation of any character's code point (although the endianness, which varies across different platforms, affects how the code value manifests as an octet sequence). In the other encodings, each code point may be represented by a variable number of code values. UTF-32 is widely used as an internal representation of text in programs (as opposed to stored or transmitted text), since every Unix operating system that uses the gcc compilers to generate software uses it as the standard "wide character" encoding. Some programming languages, such as Seed7, use UTF-32 as internal representation for strings and characters. Recent versions of the Python programming language (beginning with 2.2) may also be configured to use UTF-32 as the representation for Unicode strings, effectively disseminating such encoding in high-level coded software.
|
What programming language uses UTF-32 as internal representation of characters?
|
What programming language uses UTF-32 as internal representation of characters?
|
[
"What programming language uses UTF-32 as internal representation of characters? "
] |
{
"text": [
"Seed7"
],
"answer_start": [
623
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-102938
|
57280742ff5b5019007d9b3e
|
Unicode
|
In UTF-32 and UCS-4, one 32-bit code value serves as a fairly direct representation of any character's code point (although the endianness, which varies across different platforms, affects how the code value manifests as an octet sequence). In the other encodings, each code point may be represented by a variable number of code values. UTF-32 is widely used as an internal representation of text in programs (as opposed to stored or transmitted text), since every Unix operating system that uses the gcc compilers to generate software uses it as the standard "wide character" encoding. Some programming languages, such as Seed7, use UTF-32 as internal representation for strings and characters. Recent versions of the Python programming language (beginning with 2.2) may also be configured to use UTF-32 as the representation for Unicode strings, effectively disseminating such encoding in high-level coded software.
|
what version of python can be used with UTF-32?
|
what version of python can be used with UTF-32?
|
[
"what version of python can be used with UTF-32? "
] |
{
"text": [
"2.2"
],
"answer_start": [
763
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-102939
|
5acd21f407355d001abf361c
|
Unicode
|
In UTF-32 and UCS-4, one 32-bit code value serves as a fairly direct representation of any character's code point (although the endianness, which varies across different platforms, affects how the code value manifests as an octet sequence). In the other encodings, each code point may be represented by a variable number of code values. UTF-32 is widely used as an internal representation of text in programs (as opposed to stored or transmitted text), since every Unix operating system that uses the gcc compilers to generate software uses it as the standard "wide character" encoding. Some programming languages, such as Seed7, use UTF-32 as internal representation for strings and characters. Recent versions of the Python programming language (beginning with 2.2) may also be configured to use UTF-32 as the representation for Unicode strings, effectively disseminating such encoding in high-level coded software.
|
What does not vary across platforms?
|
What does not vary across platforms?
|
[
"What does not vary across platforms?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-102940
|
5acd21f407355d001abf361d
|
Unicode
|
In UTF-32 and UCS-4, one 32-bit code value serves as a fairly direct representation of any character's code point (although the endianness, which varies across different platforms, affects how the code value manifests as an octet sequence). In the other encodings, each code point may be represented by a variable number of code values. UTF-32 is widely used as an internal representation of text in programs (as opposed to stored or transmitted text), since every Unix operating system that uses the gcc compilers to generate software uses it as the standard "wide character" encoding. Some programming languages, such as Seed7, use UTF-32 as internal representation for strings and characters. Recent versions of the Python programming language (beginning with 2.2) may also be configured to use UTF-32 as the representation for Unicode strings, effectively disseminating such encoding in high-level coded software.
|
What uses UCS-4 as an internal representation?
|
What uses UCS-4 as an internal representation?
|
[
"What uses UCS-4 as an internal representation?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-102941
|
5acd21f407355d001abf361e
|
Unicode
|
In UTF-32 and UCS-4, one 32-bit code value serves as a fairly direct representation of any character's code point (although the endianness, which varies across different platforms, affects how the code value manifests as an octet sequence). In the other encodings, each code point may be represented by a variable number of code values. UTF-32 is widely used as an internal representation of text in programs (as opposed to stored or transmitted text), since every Unix operating system that uses the gcc compilers to generate software uses it as the standard "wide character" encoding. Some programming languages, such as Seed7, use UTF-32 as internal representation for strings and characters. Recent versions of the Python programming language (beginning with 2.2) may also be configured to use UTF-32 as the representation for Unicode strings, effectively disseminating such encoding in high-level coded software.
|
What is the last version of Python that can use UTF-32?
|
What is the last version of Python that can use UTF-32?
|
[
"What is the last version of Python that can use UTF-32?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-102942
|
5acd21f407355d001abf361f
|
Unicode
|
In UTF-32 and UCS-4, one 32-bit code value serves as a fairly direct representation of any character's code point (although the endianness, which varies across different platforms, affects how the code value manifests as an octet sequence). In the other encodings, each code point may be represented by a variable number of code values. UTF-32 is widely used as an internal representation of text in programs (as opposed to stored or transmitted text), since every Unix operating system that uses the gcc compilers to generate software uses it as the standard "wide character" encoding. Some programming languages, such as Seed7, use UTF-32 as internal representation for strings and characters. Recent versions of the Python programming language (beginning with 2.2) may also be configured to use UTF-32 as the representation for Unicode strings, effectively disseminating such encoding in high-level coded software.
|
What does Python use to generate the standard wide character encoding?
|
What does Python use to generate the standard wide character encoding?
|
[
"What does Python use to generate the standard wide character encoding?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-102943
|
5acd21f407355d001abf3620
|
Unicode
|
In UTF-32 and UCS-4, one 32-bit code value serves as a fairly direct representation of any character's code point (although the endianness, which varies across different platforms, affects how the code value manifests as an octet sequence). In the other encodings, each code point may be represented by a variable number of code values. UTF-32 is widely used as an internal representation of text in programs (as opposed to stored or transmitted text), since every Unix operating system that uses the gcc compilers to generate software uses it as the standard "wide character" encoding. Some programming languages, such as Seed7, use UTF-32 as internal representation for strings and characters. Recent versions of the Python programming language (beginning with 2.2) may also be configured to use UTF-32 as the representation for Unicode strings, effectively disseminating such encoding in high-level coded software.
|
What is used to represent transmitted text?
|
What is used to represent transmitted text?
|
[
"What is used to represent transmitted text?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-102944
|
572808464b864d1900164292
|
Unicode
|
Unicode includes a mechanism for modifying character shape that greatly extends the supported glyph repertoire. This covers the use of combining diacritical marks. They are inserted after the main character. Multiple combining diacritics may be stacked over the same character. Unicode also contains precomposed versions of most letter/diacritic combinations in normal use. These make conversion to and from legacy encodings simpler, and allow applications to use Unicode as an internal text format without having to implement combining characters. For example, é can be represented in Unicode as U+0065 (LATIN SMALL LETTER E) followed by U+0301 (COMBINING ACUTE ACCENT), but it can also be represented as the precomposed character U+00E9 (LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH ACUTE). Thus, in many cases, users have multiple ways of encoding the same character. To deal with this, Unicode provides the mechanism of canonical equivalence.
|
What combinations does unicode contain in normal use?
|
What combinations does unicode contain in normal use?
|
[
"What combinations does unicode contain in normal use?"
] |
{
"text": [
"most letter/diacritic combinations"
],
"answer_start": [
324
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-102945
|
572808464b864d1900164293
|
Unicode
|
Unicode includes a mechanism for modifying character shape that greatly extends the supported glyph repertoire. This covers the use of combining diacritical marks. They are inserted after the main character. Multiple combining diacritics may be stacked over the same character. Unicode also contains precomposed versions of most letter/diacritic combinations in normal use. These make conversion to and from legacy encodings simpler, and allow applications to use Unicode as an internal text format without having to implement combining characters. For example, é can be represented in Unicode as U+0065 (LATIN SMALL LETTER E) followed by U+0301 (COMBINING ACUTE ACCENT), but it can also be represented as the precomposed character U+00E9 (LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH ACUTE). Thus, in many cases, users have multiple ways of encoding the same character. To deal with this, Unicode provides the mechanism of canonical equivalence.
|
How is the latin small letter e represented in Unicode?
|
How is the latin small letter e represented in Unicode?
|
[
"How is the latin small letter e represented in Unicode?"
] |
{
"text": [
"U+0065"
],
"answer_start": [
597
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-102946
|
572808464b864d1900164294
|
Unicode
|
Unicode includes a mechanism for modifying character shape that greatly extends the supported glyph repertoire. This covers the use of combining diacritical marks. They are inserted after the main character. Multiple combining diacritics may be stacked over the same character. Unicode also contains precomposed versions of most letter/diacritic combinations in normal use. These make conversion to and from legacy encodings simpler, and allow applications to use Unicode as an internal text format without having to implement combining characters. For example, é can be represented in Unicode as U+0065 (LATIN SMALL LETTER E) followed by U+0301 (COMBINING ACUTE ACCENT), but it can also be represented as the precomposed character U+00E9 (LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH ACUTE). Thus, in many cases, users have multiple ways of encoding the same character. To deal with this, Unicode provides the mechanism of canonical equivalence.
|
How is the accent added to the small latin e?
|
How is the accent added to the small latin e?
|
[
"How is the accent added to the small latin e? "
] |
{
"text": [
"U+0301"
],
"answer_start": [
639
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-102947
|
572808464b864d1900164295
|
Unicode
|
Unicode includes a mechanism for modifying character shape that greatly extends the supported glyph repertoire. This covers the use of combining diacritical marks. They are inserted after the main character. Multiple combining diacritics may be stacked over the same character. Unicode also contains precomposed versions of most letter/diacritic combinations in normal use. These make conversion to and from legacy encodings simpler, and allow applications to use Unicode as an internal text format without having to implement combining characters. For example, é can be represented in Unicode as U+0065 (LATIN SMALL LETTER E) followed by U+0301 (COMBINING ACUTE ACCENT), but it can also be represented as the precomposed character U+00E9 (LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH ACUTE). Thus, in many cases, users have multiple ways of encoding the same character. To deal with this, Unicode provides the mechanism of canonical equivalence.
|
What precomposed character represents the small latin e with an accent?
|
What precomposed character represents the small latin e with an accent?
|
[
"What precomposed character represents the small latin e with an accent? "
] |
{
"text": [
"U+00E9"
],
"answer_start": [
732
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-102948
|
5acd22b507355d001abf3644
|
Unicode
|
Unicode includes a mechanism for modifying character shape that greatly extends the supported glyph repertoire. This covers the use of combining diacritical marks. They are inserted after the main character. Multiple combining diacritics may be stacked over the same character. Unicode also contains precomposed versions of most letter/diacritic combinations in normal use. These make conversion to and from legacy encodings simpler, and allow applications to use Unicode as an internal text format without having to implement combining characters. For example, é can be represented in Unicode as U+0065 (LATIN SMALL LETTER E) followed by U+0301 (COMBINING ACUTE ACCENT), but it can also be represented as the precomposed character U+00E9 (LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH ACUTE). Thus, in many cases, users have multiple ways of encoding the same character. To deal with this, Unicode provides the mechanism of canonical equivalence.
|
What are inserted before a main character?
|
What are inserted before a main character?
|
[
"What are inserted before a main character?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-102949
|
5acd22b507355d001abf3645
|
Unicode
|
Unicode includes a mechanism for modifying character shape that greatly extends the supported glyph repertoire. This covers the use of combining diacritical marks. They are inserted after the main character. Multiple combining diacritics may be stacked over the same character. Unicode also contains precomposed versions of most letter/diacritic combinations in normal use. These make conversion to and from legacy encodings simpler, and allow applications to use Unicode as an internal text format without having to implement combining characters. For example, é can be represented in Unicode as U+0065 (LATIN SMALL LETTER E) followed by U+0301 (COMBINING ACUTE ACCENT), but it can also be represented as the precomposed character U+00E9 (LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH ACUTE). Thus, in many cases, users have multiple ways of encoding the same character. To deal with this, Unicode provides the mechanism of canonical equivalence.
|
What cannot have multiple instances of diacritics?
|
What cannot have multiple instances of diacritics?
|
[
"What cannot have multiple instances of diacritics?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-102950
|
5acd22b507355d001abf3646
|
Unicode
|
Unicode includes a mechanism for modifying character shape that greatly extends the supported glyph repertoire. This covers the use of combining diacritical marks. They are inserted after the main character. Multiple combining diacritics may be stacked over the same character. Unicode also contains precomposed versions of most letter/diacritic combinations in normal use. These make conversion to and from legacy encodings simpler, and allow applications to use Unicode as an internal text format without having to implement combining characters. For example, é can be represented in Unicode as U+0065 (LATIN SMALL LETTER E) followed by U+0301 (COMBINING ACUTE ACCENT), but it can also be represented as the precomposed character U+00E9 (LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH ACUTE). Thus, in many cases, users have multiple ways of encoding the same character. To deal with this, Unicode provides the mechanism of canonical equivalence.
|
What do applications have to implement?
|
What do applications have to implement?
|
[
"What do applications have to implement?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-102951
|
5acd22b507355d001abf3647
|
Unicode
|
Unicode includes a mechanism for modifying character shape that greatly extends the supported glyph repertoire. This covers the use of combining diacritical marks. They are inserted after the main character. Multiple combining diacritics may be stacked over the same character. Unicode also contains precomposed versions of most letter/diacritic combinations in normal use. These make conversion to and from legacy encodings simpler, and allow applications to use Unicode as an internal text format without having to implement combining characters. For example, é can be represented in Unicode as U+0065 (LATIN SMALL LETTER E) followed by U+0301 (COMBINING ACUTE ACCENT), but it can also be represented as the precomposed character U+00E9 (LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH ACUTE). Thus, in many cases, users have multiple ways of encoding the same character. To deal with this, Unicode provides the mechanism of canonical equivalence.
|
What prevents redundancy in the ways you can make one character?
|
What prevents redundancy in the ways you can make one character?
|
[
"What prevents redundancy in the ways you can make one character?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-102952
|
5acd22b507355d001abf3648
|
Unicode
|
Unicode includes a mechanism for modifying character shape that greatly extends the supported glyph repertoire. This covers the use of combining diacritical marks. They are inserted after the main character. Multiple combining diacritics may be stacked over the same character. Unicode also contains precomposed versions of most letter/diacritic combinations in normal use. These make conversion to and from legacy encodings simpler, and allow applications to use Unicode as an internal text format without having to implement combining characters. For example, é can be represented in Unicode as U+0065 (LATIN SMALL LETTER E) followed by U+0301 (COMBINING ACUTE ACCENT), but it can also be represented as the precomposed character U+00E9 (LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH ACUTE). Thus, in many cases, users have multiple ways of encoding the same character. To deal with this, Unicode provides the mechanism of canonical equivalence.
|
How is the capital letter e indicated in unicode?
|
How is the capital letter e indicated in unicode?
|
[
"How is the capital letter e indicated in unicode?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-102953
|
572809a13acd2414000df2f7
|
Unicode
|
The CJK ideographs currently have codes only for their precomposed form. Still, most of those ideographs comprise simpler elements (often called radicals in English), so in principle, Unicode could have decomposed them, as it did with Hangul. This would have greatly reduced the number of required code points, while allowing the display of virtually every conceivable ideograph (which might do away with some of the problems caused by Han unification). A similar idea is used by some input methods, such as Cangjie and Wubi. However, attempts to do this for character encoding have stumbled over the fact that ideographs do not decompose as simply or as regularly as Hangul does.
|
The CJK ideographs comprise simpler elements called what in English?
|
The CJK ideographs comprise simpler elements called what in English?
|
[
"The CJK ideographs comprise simpler elements called what in English?"
] |
{
"text": [
"radicals"
],
"answer_start": [
145
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-102954
|
572809a13acd2414000df2f8
|
Unicode
|
The CJK ideographs currently have codes only for their precomposed form. Still, most of those ideographs comprise simpler elements (often called radicals in English), so in principle, Unicode could have decomposed them, as it did with Hangul. This would have greatly reduced the number of required code points, while allowing the display of virtually every conceivable ideograph (which might do away with some of the problems caused by Han unification). A similar idea is used by some input methods, such as Cangjie and Wubi. However, attempts to do this for character encoding have stumbled over the fact that ideographs do not decompose as simply or as regularly as Hangul does.
|
Why have ideographs been unable to be simplified like Hangul?
|
Why have ideographs been unable to be simplified like Hangul?
|
[
"Why have ideographs been unable to be simplified like Hangul?"
] |
{
"text": [
"ideographs do not decompose as simply or as regularly"
],
"answer_start": [
611
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-102955
|
572809a13acd2414000df2f9
|
Unicode
|
The CJK ideographs currently have codes only for their precomposed form. Still, most of those ideographs comprise simpler elements (often called radicals in English), so in principle, Unicode could have decomposed them, as it did with Hangul. This would have greatly reduced the number of required code points, while allowing the display of virtually every conceivable ideograph (which might do away with some of the problems caused by Han unification). A similar idea is used by some input methods, such as Cangjie and Wubi. However, attempts to do this for character encoding have stumbled over the fact that ideographs do not decompose as simply or as regularly as Hangul does.
|
What would be the benefit of Unicode decomposing ideographs?
|
What would be the benefit of Unicode decomposing ideographs?
|
[
"What would be the benefit of Unicode decomposing ideographs?"
] |
{
"text": [
"greatly reduced the number of required code points"
],
"answer_start": [
259
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-102956
|
5acd236507355d001abf3674
|
Unicode
|
The CJK ideographs currently have codes only for their precomposed form. Still, most of those ideographs comprise simpler elements (often called radicals in English), so in principle, Unicode could have decomposed them, as it did with Hangul. This would have greatly reduced the number of required code points, while allowing the display of virtually every conceivable ideograph (which might do away with some of the problems caused by Han unification). A similar idea is used by some input methods, such as Cangjie and Wubi. However, attempts to do this for character encoding have stumbled over the fact that ideographs do not decompose as simply or as regularly as Hangul does.
|
What ideographs do not have codes for their precomposed form yet?
|
What ideographs do not have codes for their precomposed form yet?
|
[
"What ideographs do not have codes for their precomposed form yet?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-102957
|
5acd236507355d001abf3675
|
Unicode
|
The CJK ideographs currently have codes only for their precomposed form. Still, most of those ideographs comprise simpler elements (often called radicals in English), so in principle, Unicode could have decomposed them, as it did with Hangul. This would have greatly reduced the number of required code points, while allowing the display of virtually every conceivable ideograph (which might do away with some of the problems caused by Han unification). A similar idea is used by some input methods, such as Cangjie and Wubi. However, attempts to do this for character encoding have stumbled over the fact that ideographs do not decompose as simply or as regularly as Hangul does.
|
What are precomposed forms called in English?
|
What are precomposed forms called in English?
|
[
"What are precomposed forms called in English?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-102958
|
5acd236507355d001abf3676
|
Unicode
|
The CJK ideographs currently have codes only for their precomposed form. Still, most of those ideographs comprise simpler elements (often called radicals in English), so in principle, Unicode could have decomposed them, as it did with Hangul. This would have greatly reduced the number of required code points, while allowing the display of virtually every conceivable ideograph (which might do away with some of the problems caused by Han unification). A similar idea is used by some input methods, such as Cangjie and Wubi. However, attempts to do this for character encoding have stumbled over the fact that ideographs do not decompose as simply or as regularly as Hangul does.
|
What are called radicals in Hangul?
|
What are called radicals in Hangul?
|
[
"What are called radicals in Hangul?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-102959
|
5acd236507355d001abf3677
|
Unicode
|
The CJK ideographs currently have codes only for their precomposed form. Still, most of those ideographs comprise simpler elements (often called radicals in English), so in principle, Unicode could have decomposed them, as it did with Hangul. This would have greatly reduced the number of required code points, while allowing the display of virtually every conceivable ideograph (which might do away with some of the problems caused by Han unification). A similar idea is used by some input methods, such as Cangjie and Wubi. However, attempts to do this for character encoding have stumbled over the fact that ideographs do not decompose as simply or as regularly as Hangul does.
|
What did Unicode do to CJK ideographs?
|
What did Unicode do to CJK ideographs?
|
[
"What did Unicode do to CJK ideographs?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-102960
|
5acd236507355d001abf3678
|
Unicode
|
The CJK ideographs currently have codes only for their precomposed form. Still, most of those ideographs comprise simpler elements (often called radicals in English), so in principle, Unicode could have decomposed them, as it did with Hangul. This would have greatly reduced the number of required code points, while allowing the display of virtually every conceivable ideograph (which might do away with some of the problems caused by Han unification). A similar idea is used by some input methods, such as Cangjie and Wubi. However, attempts to do this for character encoding have stumbled over the fact that ideographs do not decompose as simply or as regularly as Hangul does.
|
What decomposes regularly in Wubi?
|
What decomposes regularly in Wubi?
|
[
"What decomposes regularly in Wubi?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-102961
|
572809e22ca10214002d9c44
|
Unicode
|
Many scripts, including Arabic and Devanagari, have special orthographic rules that require certain combinations of letterforms to be combined into special ligature forms. The rules governing ligature formation can be quite complex, requiring special script-shaping technologies such as ACE (Arabic Calligraphic Engine by DecoType in the 1980s and used to generate all the Arabic examples in the printed editions of the Unicode Standard), which became the proof of concept for OpenType (by Adobe and Microsoft), Graphite (by SIL International), or AAT (by Apple).
|
What does ACE stand for?
|
What does ACE stand for?
|
[
"What does ACE stand for? "
] |
{
"text": [
"Arabic Calligraphic Engine"
],
"answer_start": [
292
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-102962
|
572809e22ca10214002d9c45
|
Unicode
|
Many scripts, including Arabic and Devanagari, have special orthographic rules that require certain combinations of letterforms to be combined into special ligature forms. The rules governing ligature formation can be quite complex, requiring special script-shaping technologies such as ACE (Arabic Calligraphic Engine by DecoType in the 1980s and used to generate all the Arabic examples in the printed editions of the Unicode Standard), which became the proof of concept for OpenType (by Adobe and Microsoft), Graphite (by SIL International), or AAT (by Apple).
|
Who created ACE?
|
Who created ACE?
|
[
"Who created ACE?"
] |
{
"text": [
"DecoType"
],
"answer_start": [
322
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-102963
|
572809e22ca10214002d9c46
|
Unicode
|
Many scripts, including Arabic and Devanagari, have special orthographic rules that require certain combinations of letterforms to be combined into special ligature forms. The rules governing ligature formation can be quite complex, requiring special script-shaping technologies such as ACE (Arabic Calligraphic Engine by DecoType in the 1980s and used to generate all the Arabic examples in the printed editions of the Unicode Standard), which became the proof of concept for OpenType (by Adobe and Microsoft), Graphite (by SIL International), or AAT (by Apple).
|
When was ACE created?
|
When was ACE created?
|
[
"When was ACE created? "
] |
{
"text": [
"1980s"
],
"answer_start": [
338
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-102964
|
572809e22ca10214002d9c47
|
Unicode
|
Many scripts, including Arabic and Devanagari, have special orthographic rules that require certain combinations of letterforms to be combined into special ligature forms. The rules governing ligature formation can be quite complex, requiring special script-shaping technologies such as ACE (Arabic Calligraphic Engine by DecoType in the 1980s and used to generate all the Arabic examples in the printed editions of the Unicode Standard), which became the proof of concept for OpenType (by Adobe and Microsoft), Graphite (by SIL International), or AAT (by Apple).
|
Who created OpenType?
|
Who created OpenType?
|
[
"Who created OpenType?"
] |
{
"text": [
"Adobe and Microsoft"
],
"answer_start": [
490
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-102965
|
572809e22ca10214002d9c48
|
Unicode
|
Many scripts, including Arabic and Devanagari, have special orthographic rules that require certain combinations of letterforms to be combined into special ligature forms. The rules governing ligature formation can be quite complex, requiring special script-shaping technologies such as ACE (Arabic Calligraphic Engine by DecoType in the 1980s and used to generate all the Arabic examples in the printed editions of the Unicode Standard), which became the proof of concept for OpenType (by Adobe and Microsoft), Graphite (by SIL International), or AAT (by Apple).
|
Who created Graphite?
|
Who created Graphite?
|
[
"Who created Graphite? "
] |
{
"text": [
"SIL International"
],
"answer_start": [
525
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-102966
|
5acd23f607355d001abf3686
|
Unicode
|
Many scripts, including Arabic and Devanagari, have special orthographic rules that require certain combinations of letterforms to be combined into special ligature forms. The rules governing ligature formation can be quite complex, requiring special script-shaping technologies such as ACE (Arabic Calligraphic Engine by DecoType in the 1980s and used to generate all the Arabic examples in the printed editions of the Unicode Standard), which became the proof of concept for OpenType (by Adobe and Microsoft), Graphite (by SIL International), or AAT (by Apple).
|
When was OpenType created?
|
When was OpenType created?
|
[
"When was OpenType created?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-102967
|
5acd23f607355d001abf3687
|
Unicode
|
Many scripts, including Arabic and Devanagari, have special orthographic rules that require certain combinations of letterforms to be combined into special ligature forms. The rules governing ligature formation can be quite complex, requiring special script-shaping technologies such as ACE (Arabic Calligraphic Engine by DecoType in the 1980s and used to generate all the Arabic examples in the printed editions of the Unicode Standard), which became the proof of concept for OpenType (by Adobe and Microsoft), Graphite (by SIL International), or AAT (by Apple).
|
What does AAT stand for?
|
What does AAT stand for?
|
[
"What does AAT stand for?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-102968
|
5acd23f607355d001abf3688
|
Unicode
|
Many scripts, including Arabic and Devanagari, have special orthographic rules that require certain combinations of letterforms to be combined into special ligature forms. The rules governing ligature formation can be quite complex, requiring special script-shaping technologies such as ACE (Arabic Calligraphic Engine by DecoType in the 1980s and used to generate all the Arabic examples in the printed editions of the Unicode Standard), which became the proof of concept for OpenType (by Adobe and Microsoft), Graphite (by SIL International), or AAT (by Apple).
|
Who partnered with SIL International?
|
Who partnered with SIL International?
|
[
"Who partnered with SIL International?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-102969
|
5acd23f607355d001abf3689
|
Unicode
|
Many scripts, including Arabic and Devanagari, have special orthographic rules that require certain combinations of letterforms to be combined into special ligature forms. The rules governing ligature formation can be quite complex, requiring special script-shaping technologies such as ACE (Arabic Calligraphic Engine by DecoType in the 1980s and used to generate all the Arabic examples in the printed editions of the Unicode Standard), which became the proof of concept for OpenType (by Adobe and Microsoft), Graphite (by SIL International), or AAT (by Apple).
|
Which two companies produced DecoType?
|
Which two companies produced DecoType?
|
[
"Which two companies produced DecoType?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-102970
|
5acd23f607355d001abf368a
|
Unicode
|
Many scripts, including Arabic and Devanagari, have special orthographic rules that require certain combinations of letterforms to be combined into special ligature forms. The rules governing ligature formation can be quite complex, requiring special script-shaping technologies such as ACE (Arabic Calligraphic Engine by DecoType in the 1980s and used to generate all the Arabic examples in the printed editions of the Unicode Standard), which became the proof of concept for OpenType (by Adobe and Microsoft), Graphite (by SIL International), or AAT (by Apple).
|
What are two examples of scripts without orthographic rules?
|
What are two examples of scripts without orthographic rules?
|
[
"What are two examples of scripts without orthographic rules?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-102971
|
57280b6b4b864d19001642ec
|
Unicode
|
Instructions are also embedded in fonts to tell the operating system how to properly output different character sequences. A simple solution to the placement of combining marks or diacritics is assigning the marks a width of zero and placing the glyph itself to the left or right of the left sidebearing (depending on the direction of the script they are intended to be used with). A mark handled this way will appear over whatever character precedes it, but will not adjust its position relative to the width or height of the base glyph; it may be visually awkward and it may overlap some glyphs. Real stacking is impossible, but can be approximated in limited cases (for example, Thai top-combining vowels and tone marks can just be at different heights to start with). Generally this approach is only effective in monospaced fonts, but may be used as a fallback rendering method when more complex methods fail.
|
where are instructions embedded to tell fonts how to output sequences?
|
where are instructions embedded to tell fonts how to output sequences?
|
[
"where are instructions embedded to tell fonts how to output sequences? "
] |
{
"text": [
"in fonts"
],
"answer_start": [
31
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-102972
|
57280b6b4b864d19001642ed
|
Unicode
|
Instructions are also embedded in fonts to tell the operating system how to properly output different character sequences. A simple solution to the placement of combining marks or diacritics is assigning the marks a width of zero and placing the glyph itself to the left or right of the left sidebearing (depending on the direction of the script they are intended to be used with). A mark handled this way will appear over whatever character precedes it, but will not adjust its position relative to the width or height of the base glyph; it may be visually awkward and it may overlap some glyphs. Real stacking is impossible, but can be approximated in limited cases (for example, Thai top-combining vowels and tone marks can just be at different heights to start with). Generally this approach is only effective in monospaced fonts, but may be used as a fallback rendering method when more complex methods fail.
|
Can real stacking be accomplished?
|
Can real stacking be accomplished?
|
[
"Can real stacking be accomplished? "
] |
{
"text": [
"Real stacking is impossible"
],
"answer_start": [
598
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-102973
|
57280b6b4b864d19001642ee
|
Unicode
|
Instructions are also embedded in fonts to tell the operating system how to properly output different character sequences. A simple solution to the placement of combining marks or diacritics is assigning the marks a width of zero and placing the glyph itself to the left or right of the left sidebearing (depending on the direction of the script they are intended to be used with). A mark handled this way will appear over whatever character precedes it, but will not adjust its position relative to the width or height of the base glyph; it may be visually awkward and it may overlap some glyphs. Real stacking is impossible, but can be approximated in limited cases (for example, Thai top-combining vowels and tone marks can just be at different heights to start with). Generally this approach is only effective in monospaced fonts, but may be used as a fallback rendering method when more complex methods fail.
|
what is a solution to the placement of combining marks?
|
what is a solution to the placement of combining marks?
|
[
"what is a solution to the placement of combining marks? "
] |
{
"text": [
"assigning the marks a width of zero and placing the glyph itself to the left or right of the left sidebearing"
],
"answer_start": [
194
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-102974
|
5acd24b707355d001abf36aa
|
Unicode
|
Instructions are also embedded in fonts to tell the operating system how to properly output different character sequences. A simple solution to the placement of combining marks or diacritics is assigning the marks a width of zero and placing the glyph itself to the left or right of the left sidebearing (depending on the direction of the script they are intended to be used with). A mark handled this way will appear over whatever character precedes it, but will not adjust its position relative to the width or height of the base glyph; it may be visually awkward and it may overlap some glyphs. Real stacking is impossible, but can be approximated in limited cases (for example, Thai top-combining vowels and tone marks can just be at different heights to start with). Generally this approach is only effective in monospaced fonts, but may be used as a fallback rendering method when more complex methods fail.
|
What type of stacking is required?
|
What type of stacking is required?
|
[
"What type of stacking is required?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-102975
|
5acd24b707355d001abf36ab
|
Unicode
|
Instructions are also embedded in fonts to tell the operating system how to properly output different character sequences. A simple solution to the placement of combining marks or diacritics is assigning the marks a width of zero and placing the glyph itself to the left or right of the left sidebearing (depending on the direction of the script they are intended to be used with). A mark handled this way will appear over whatever character precedes it, but will not adjust its position relative to the width or height of the base glyph; it may be visually awkward and it may overlap some glyphs. Real stacking is impossible, but can be approximated in limited cases (for example, Thai top-combining vowels and tone marks can just be at different heights to start with). Generally this approach is only effective in monospaced fonts, but may be used as a fallback rendering method when more complex methods fail.
|
Approximated stacking is not possible with what kinds of fonts?
|
Approximated stacking is not possible with what kinds of fonts?
|
[
"Approximated stacking is not possible with what kinds of fonts?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-102976
|
5acd24b707355d001abf36ac
|
Unicode
|
Instructions are also embedded in fonts to tell the operating system how to properly output different character sequences. A simple solution to the placement of combining marks or diacritics is assigning the marks a width of zero and placing the glyph itself to the left or right of the left sidebearing (depending on the direction of the script they are intended to be used with). A mark handled this way will appear over whatever character precedes it, but will not adjust its position relative to the width or height of the base glyph; it may be visually awkward and it may overlap some glyphs. Real stacking is impossible, but can be approximated in limited cases (for example, Thai top-combining vowels and tone marks can just be at different heights to start with). Generally this approach is only effective in monospaced fonts, but may be used as a fallback rendering method when more complex methods fail.
|
What does the operating system tell what to do?
|
What does the operating system tell what to do?
|
[
"What does the operating system tell what to do?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-102977
|
5acd24b707355d001abf36ad
|
Unicode
|
Instructions are also embedded in fonts to tell the operating system how to properly output different character sequences. A simple solution to the placement of combining marks or diacritics is assigning the marks a width of zero and placing the glyph itself to the left or right of the left sidebearing (depending on the direction of the script they are intended to be used with). A mark handled this way will appear over whatever character precedes it, but will not adjust its position relative to the width or height of the base glyph; it may be visually awkward and it may overlap some glyphs. Real stacking is impossible, but can be approximated in limited cases (for example, Thai top-combining vowels and tone marks can just be at different heights to start with). Generally this approach is only effective in monospaced fonts, but may be used as a fallback rendering method when more complex methods fail.
|
What numerical value is assigned to the glyph?
|
What numerical value is assigned to the glyph?
|
[
"What numerical value is assigned to the glyph?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-102978
|
5acd24b707355d001abf36ae
|
Unicode
|
Instructions are also embedded in fonts to tell the operating system how to properly output different character sequences. A simple solution to the placement of combining marks or diacritics is assigning the marks a width of zero and placing the glyph itself to the left or right of the left sidebearing (depending on the direction of the script they are intended to be used with). A mark handled this way will appear over whatever character precedes it, but will not adjust its position relative to the width or height of the base glyph; it may be visually awkward and it may overlap some glyphs. Real stacking is impossible, but can be approximated in limited cases (for example, Thai top-combining vowels and tone marks can just be at different heights to start with). Generally this approach is only effective in monospaced fonts, but may be used as a fallback rendering method when more complex methods fail.
|
What is a mark adjust its position relative to?
|
What is a mark adjust its position relative to?
|
[
"What is a mark adjust its position relative to?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-102979
|
57280bee2ca10214002d9c96
|
Unicode
|
Several subsets of Unicode are standardized: Microsoft Windows since Windows NT 4.0 supports WGL-4 with 652 characters, which is considered to support all contemporary European languages using the Latin, Greek, or Cyrillic script. Other standardized subsets of Unicode include the Multilingual European Subsets: MES-1 (Latin scripts only, 335 characters), MES-2 (Latin, Greek and Cyrillic 1062 characters) and MES-3A & MES-3B (two larger subsets, not shown here). Note that MES-2 includes every character in MES-1 and WGL-4.
|
What subset of Unicode is used by Windows?
|
What subset of Unicode is used by Windows?
|
[
"What subset of Unicode is used by Windows? "
] |
{
"text": [
"WGL-4 with 652 characters"
],
"answer_start": [
93
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-102980
|
57280bee2ca10214002d9c97
|
Unicode
|
Several subsets of Unicode are standardized: Microsoft Windows since Windows NT 4.0 supports WGL-4 with 652 characters, which is considered to support all contemporary European languages using the Latin, Greek, or Cyrillic script. Other standardized subsets of Unicode include the Multilingual European Subsets: MES-1 (Latin scripts only, 335 characters), MES-2 (Latin, Greek and Cyrillic 1062 characters) and MES-3A & MES-3B (two larger subsets, not shown here). Note that MES-2 includes every character in MES-1 and WGL-4.
|
What are MES-1, MES-2, AND MES-3A AND MES-3B part of?
|
What are MES-1, MES-2, AND MES-3A AND MES-3B part of?
|
[
"What are MES-1, MES-2, AND MES-3A AND MES-3B part of? "
] |
{
"text": [
"Multilingual European Subsets"
],
"answer_start": [
281
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-102981
|
57280bee2ca10214002d9c98
|
Unicode
|
Several subsets of Unicode are standardized: Microsoft Windows since Windows NT 4.0 supports WGL-4 with 652 characters, which is considered to support all contemporary European languages using the Latin, Greek, or Cyrillic script. Other standardized subsets of Unicode include the Multilingual European Subsets: MES-1 (Latin scripts only, 335 characters), MES-2 (Latin, Greek and Cyrillic 1062 characters) and MES-3A & MES-3B (two larger subsets, not shown here). Note that MES-2 includes every character in MES-1 and WGL-4.
|
What subset includes every character in MES-1 and WGL-4?
|
What subset includes every character in MES-1 and WGL-4?
|
[
"What subset includes every character in MES-1 and WGL-4? "
] |
{
"text": [
"MES-2"
],
"answer_start": [
474
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-102982
|
57280bee2ca10214002d9c99
|
Unicode
|
Several subsets of Unicode are standardized: Microsoft Windows since Windows NT 4.0 supports WGL-4 with 652 characters, which is considered to support all contemporary European languages using the Latin, Greek, or Cyrillic script. Other standardized subsets of Unicode include the Multilingual European Subsets: MES-1 (Latin scripts only, 335 characters), MES-2 (Latin, Greek and Cyrillic 1062 characters) and MES-3A & MES-3B (two larger subsets, not shown here). Note that MES-2 includes every character in MES-1 and WGL-4.
|
How long has Microsoft Windows supported WGL-4?
|
How long has Microsoft Windows supported WGL-4?
|
[
"How long has Microsoft Windows supported WGL-4? "
] |
{
"text": [
"since Windows NT 4.0"
],
"answer_start": [
63
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-102983
|
57280bee2ca10214002d9c9a
|
Unicode
|
Several subsets of Unicode are standardized: Microsoft Windows since Windows NT 4.0 supports WGL-4 with 652 characters, which is considered to support all contemporary European languages using the Latin, Greek, or Cyrillic script. Other standardized subsets of Unicode include the Multilingual European Subsets: MES-1 (Latin scripts only, 335 characters), MES-2 (Latin, Greek and Cyrillic 1062 characters) and MES-3A & MES-3B (two larger subsets, not shown here). Note that MES-2 includes every character in MES-1 and WGL-4.
|
MES-1 uses what scripts only?
|
MES-1 uses what scripts only?
|
[
"MES-1 uses what scripts only? "
] |
{
"text": [
"Latin scripts only"
],
"answer_start": [
319
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-102984
|
5acd276d07355d001abf3706
|
Unicode
|
Several subsets of Unicode are standardized: Microsoft Windows since Windows NT 4.0 supports WGL-4 with 652 characters, which is considered to support all contemporary European languages using the Latin, Greek, or Cyrillic script. Other standardized subsets of Unicode include the Multilingual European Subsets: MES-1 (Latin scripts only, 335 characters), MES-2 (Latin, Greek and Cyrillic 1062 characters) and MES-3A & MES-3B (two larger subsets, not shown here). Note that MES-2 includes every character in MES-1 and WGL-4.
|
What system uses MES-3A?
|
What system uses MES-3A?
|
[
"What system uses MES-3A?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-102985
|
5acd276d07355d001abf3707
|
Unicode
|
Several subsets of Unicode are standardized: Microsoft Windows since Windows NT 4.0 supports WGL-4 with 652 characters, which is considered to support all contemporary European languages using the Latin, Greek, or Cyrillic script. Other standardized subsets of Unicode include the Multilingual European Subsets: MES-1 (Latin scripts only, 335 characters), MES-2 (Latin, Greek and Cyrillic 1062 characters) and MES-3A & MES-3B (two larger subsets, not shown here). Note that MES-2 includes every character in MES-1 and WGL-4.
|
How many Latin characters are supported in WGL-4?
|
How many Latin characters are supported in WGL-4?
|
[
"How many Latin characters are supported in WGL-4?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-102986
|
5acd276d07355d001abf3708
|
Unicode
|
Several subsets of Unicode are standardized: Microsoft Windows since Windows NT 4.0 supports WGL-4 with 652 characters, which is considered to support all contemporary European languages using the Latin, Greek, or Cyrillic script. Other standardized subsets of Unicode include the Multilingual European Subsets: MES-1 (Latin scripts only, 335 characters), MES-2 (Latin, Greek and Cyrillic 1062 characters) and MES-3A & MES-3B (two larger subsets, not shown here). Note that MES-2 includes every character in MES-1 and WGL-4.
|
How many characters are in MES-3B?
|
How many characters are in MES-3B?
|
[
"How many characters are in MES-3B?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-102987
|
5acd276d07355d001abf3709
|
Unicode
|
Several subsets of Unicode are standardized: Microsoft Windows since Windows NT 4.0 supports WGL-4 with 652 characters, which is considered to support all contemporary European languages using the Latin, Greek, or Cyrillic script. Other standardized subsets of Unicode include the Multilingual European Subsets: MES-1 (Latin scripts only, 335 characters), MES-2 (Latin, Greek and Cyrillic 1062 characters) and MES-3A & MES-3B (two larger subsets, not shown here). Note that MES-2 includes every character in MES-1 and WGL-4.
|
MES-3A combines which two other sets?
|
MES-3A combines which two other sets?
|
[
"MES-3A combines which two other sets?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-102988
|
5acd276d07355d001abf370a
|
Unicode
|
Several subsets of Unicode are standardized: Microsoft Windows since Windows NT 4.0 supports WGL-4 with 652 characters, which is considered to support all contemporary European languages using the Latin, Greek, or Cyrillic script. Other standardized subsets of Unicode include the Multilingual European Subsets: MES-1 (Latin scripts only, 335 characters), MES-2 (Latin, Greek and Cyrillic 1062 characters) and MES-3A & MES-3B (two larger subsets, not shown here). Note that MES-2 includes every character in MES-1 and WGL-4.
|
What subset only uses the Greek script?
|
What subset only uses the Greek script?
|
[
"What subset only uses the Greek script?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-102989
|
57280ea3ff5b5019007d9bf6
|
Unicode
|
Rendering software which cannot process a Unicode character appropriately often displays it as an open rectangle, or the Unicode "replacement character" (U+FFFD, �), to indicate the position of the unrecognized character. Some systems have made attempts to provide more information about such characters. The Apple's Last Resort font will display a substitute glyph indicating the Unicode range of the character, and the SIL International's Unicode Fallback font will display a box showing the hexadecimal scalar value of the character.
|
What does rendering software display when it can't process a Unicode character?
|
What does rendering software display when it can't process a Unicode character?
|
[
"What does rendering software display when it can't process a Unicode character? "
] |
{
"text": [
"open rectangle, or the Unicode \"replacement character\""
],
"answer_start": [
98
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-102990
|
57280ea3ff5b5019007d9bf7
|
Unicode
|
Rendering software which cannot process a Unicode character appropriately often displays it as an open rectangle, or the Unicode "replacement character" (U+FFFD, �), to indicate the position of the unrecognized character. Some systems have made attempts to provide more information about such characters. The Apple's Last Resort font will display a substitute glyph indicating the Unicode range of the character, and the SIL International's Unicode Fallback font will display a box showing the hexadecimal scalar value of the character.
|
What is the code for the Unicode replacement character?
|
What is the code for the Unicode replacement character?
|
[
"What is the code for the Unicode replacement character? "
] |
{
"text": [
"U+FFFD"
],
"answer_start": [
154
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-102991
|
57280ea3ff5b5019007d9bf8
|
Unicode
|
Rendering software which cannot process a Unicode character appropriately often displays it as an open rectangle, or the Unicode "replacement character" (U+FFFD, �), to indicate the position of the unrecognized character. Some systems have made attempts to provide more information about such characters. The Apple's Last Resort font will display a substitute glyph indicating the Unicode range of the character, and the SIL International's Unicode Fallback font will display a box showing the hexadecimal scalar value of the character.
|
What is the name of Apple's font?
|
What is the name of Apple's font?
|
[
"What is the name of Apple's font? "
] |
{
"text": [
"Last Resort"
],
"answer_start": [
317
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-102992
|
57280ea3ff5b5019007d9bf9
|
Unicode
|
Rendering software which cannot process a Unicode character appropriately often displays it as an open rectangle, or the Unicode "replacement character" (U+FFFD, �), to indicate the position of the unrecognized character. Some systems have made attempts to provide more information about such characters. The Apple's Last Resort font will display a substitute glyph indicating the Unicode range of the character, and the SIL International's Unicode Fallback font will display a box showing the hexadecimal scalar value of the character.
|
What does SIL's Unicode Fallback font display when it can't display a character properly?
|
What does SIL's Unicode Fallback font display when it can't display a character properly?
|
[
"What does SIL's Unicode Fallback font display when it can't display a character properly? "
] |
{
"text": [
"a box showing the hexadecimal scalar value of the character"
],
"answer_start": [
476
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-102993
|
57280ea3ff5b5019007d9bfa
|
Unicode
|
Rendering software which cannot process a Unicode character appropriately often displays it as an open rectangle, or the Unicode "replacement character" (U+FFFD, �), to indicate the position of the unrecognized character. Some systems have made attempts to provide more information about such characters. The Apple's Last Resort font will display a substitute glyph indicating the Unicode range of the character, and the SIL International's Unicode Fallback font will display a box showing the hexadecimal scalar value of the character.
|
What company uses the Unicode Fallback font?
|
What company uses the Unicode Fallback font?
|
[
"What company uses the Unicode Fallback font? "
] |
{
"text": [
"SIL International"
],
"answer_start": [
421
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-102994
|
5acd29f507355d001abf3772
|
Unicode
|
Rendering software which cannot process a Unicode character appropriately often displays it as an open rectangle, or the Unicode "replacement character" (U+FFFD, �), to indicate the position of the unrecognized character. Some systems have made attempts to provide more information about such characters. The Apple's Last Resort font will display a substitute glyph indicating the Unicode range of the character, and the SIL International's Unicode Fallback font will display a box showing the hexadecimal scalar value of the character.
|
What is the Unicode for an open rectangle?
|
What is the Unicode for an open rectangle?
|
[
"What is the Unicode for an open rectangle?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-102995
|
5acd29f507355d001abf3773
|
Unicode
|
Rendering software which cannot process a Unicode character appropriately often displays it as an open rectangle, or the Unicode "replacement character" (U+FFFD, �), to indicate the position of the unrecognized character. Some systems have made attempts to provide more information about such characters. The Apple's Last Resort font will display a substitute glyph indicating the Unicode range of the character, and the SIL International's Unicode Fallback font will display a box showing the hexadecimal scalar value of the character.
|
What company uses U+FFFD?
|
What company uses U+FFFD?
|
[
"What company uses U+FFFD?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-102996
|
5acd29f507355d001abf3774
|
Unicode
|
Rendering software which cannot process a Unicode character appropriately often displays it as an open rectangle, or the Unicode "replacement character" (U+FFFD, �), to indicate the position of the unrecognized character. Some systems have made attempts to provide more information about such characters. The Apple's Last Resort font will display a substitute glyph indicating the Unicode range of the character, and the SIL International's Unicode Fallback font will display a box showing the hexadecimal scalar value of the character.
|
What is the glyph that Apple's Last Resort font displays?
|
What is the glyph that Apple's Last Resort font displays?
|
[
"What is the glyph that Apple's Last Resort font displays?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-102997
|
5acd29f507355d001abf3775
|
Unicode
|
Rendering software which cannot process a Unicode character appropriately often displays it as an open rectangle, or the Unicode "replacement character" (U+FFFD, �), to indicate the position of the unrecognized character. Some systems have made attempts to provide more information about such characters. The Apple's Last Resort font will display a substitute glyph indicating the Unicode range of the character, and the SIL International's Unicode Fallback font will display a box showing the hexadecimal scalar value of the character.
|
What software by SIL cannot process unicode characters?
|
What software by SIL cannot process unicode characters?
|
[
"What software by SIL cannot process unicode characters?"
] |
{
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-102998
|
57280fad3acd2414000df365
|
Unicode
|
Unicode has become the dominant scheme for internal processing and storage of text. Although a great deal of text is still stored in legacy encodings, Unicode is used almost exclusively for building new information processing systems. Early adopters tended to use UCS-2 (the fixed-width two-byte precursor to UTF-16) and later moved to UTF-16 (the variable-width current standard), as this was the least disruptive way to add support for non-BMP characters. The best known such system is Windows NT (and its descendants, Windows 2000, Windows XP, Windows Vista and Windows 7), which uses UTF-16 as the sole internal character encoding. The Java and .NET bytecode environments, Mac OS X, and KDE also use it for internal representation. Unicode is available on Windows 95 through Microsoft Layer for Unicode, as well as on its descendants, Windows 98 and Windows ME.
|
What is the dominant scheme for internal processing?
|
What is the dominant scheme for internal processing?
|
[
"What is the dominant scheme for internal processing? "
] |
{
"text": [
"Unicode"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
}
|
gem-squad_v2-train-102999
|
57280fad3acd2414000df366
|
Unicode
|
Unicode has become the dominant scheme for internal processing and storage of text. Although a great deal of text is still stored in legacy encodings, Unicode is used almost exclusively for building new information processing systems. Early adopters tended to use UCS-2 (the fixed-width two-byte precursor to UTF-16) and later moved to UTF-16 (the variable-width current standard), as this was the least disruptive way to add support for non-BMP characters. The best known such system is Windows NT (and its descendants, Windows 2000, Windows XP, Windows Vista and Windows 7), which uses UTF-16 as the sole internal character encoding. The Java and .NET bytecode environments, Mac OS X, and KDE also use it for internal representation. Unicode is available on Windows 95 through Microsoft Layer for Unicode, as well as on its descendants, Windows 98 and Windows ME.
|
What is Unicode available through Windows on?
|
What is Unicode available through Windows on?
|
[
"What is Unicode available through Windows on? "
] |
{
"text": [
"Microsoft Layer"
],
"answer_start": [
779
]
}
|
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