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gem-squad_v2-train-102900
5727faefff5b5019007d99d0
Unicode
The Unicode Roadmap Committee (Michael Everson, Rick McGowan, and Ken Whistler) maintain the list of scripts that are candidates or potential candidates for encoding and their tentative code block assignments on the Unicode Roadmap page of the Unicode Consortium Web site. For some scripts on the Roadmap, such as Jurchen, Nü Shu, and Tangut, encoding proposals have been made and they are working their way through the approval process. For others scripts, such as Mayan and Rongorongo, no proposal has yet been made, and they await agreement on character repertoire and other details from the user communities involved.
Michael Everson, Rick McGowan, and Ken Whistler make up what group?
Michael Everson, Rick McGowan, and Ken Whistler make up what group?
[ "Michael Everson, Rick McGowan, and Ken Whistler make up what group?" ]
{ "text": [ "Unicode Roadmap Committee" ], "answer_start": [ 4 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-102901
5727faefff5b5019007d99d1
Unicode
The Unicode Roadmap Committee (Michael Everson, Rick McGowan, and Ken Whistler) maintain the list of scripts that are candidates or potential candidates for encoding and their tentative code block assignments on the Unicode Roadmap page of the Unicode Consortium Web site. For some scripts on the Roadmap, such as Jurchen, Nü Shu, and Tangut, encoding proposals have been made and they are working their way through the approval process. For others scripts, such as Mayan and Rongorongo, no proposal has yet been made, and they await agreement on character repertoire and other details from the user communities involved.
What does the Unicode Roadmap Commmittee do?
What does the Unicode Roadmap Commmittee do?
[ "What does the Unicode Roadmap Commmittee do? " ]
{ "text": [ "maintain the list of scripts that are candidates or potential candidates for encoding" ], "answer_start": [ 80 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-102902
5727faefff5b5019007d99d2
Unicode
The Unicode Roadmap Committee (Michael Everson, Rick McGowan, and Ken Whistler) maintain the list of scripts that are candidates or potential candidates for encoding and their tentative code block assignments on the Unicode Roadmap page of the Unicode Consortium Web site. For some scripts on the Roadmap, such as Jurchen, Nü Shu, and Tangut, encoding proposals have been made and they are working their way through the approval process. For others scripts, such as Mayan and Rongorongo, no proposal has yet been made, and they await agreement on character repertoire and other details from the user communities involved.
What proposal has been made for the Mayan script?
What proposal has been made for the Mayan script?
[ "What proposal has been made for the Mayan script? " ]
{ "text": [ "no proposal has yet been made" ], "answer_start": [ 488 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-102903
5727faefff5b5019007d99d3
Unicode
The Unicode Roadmap Committee (Michael Everson, Rick McGowan, and Ken Whistler) maintain the list of scripts that are candidates or potential candidates for encoding and their tentative code block assignments on the Unicode Roadmap page of the Unicode Consortium Web site. For some scripts on the Roadmap, such as Jurchen, Nü Shu, and Tangut, encoding proposals have been made and they are working their way through the approval process. For others scripts, such as Mayan and Rongorongo, no proposal has yet been made, and they await agreement on character repertoire and other details from the user communities involved.
Where does the Unicode Roadmap Committee post information on these scripts?
Where does the Unicode Roadmap Committee post information on these scripts?
[ "Where does the Unicode Roadmap Committee post information on these scripts?" ]
{ "text": [ "Unicode Consortium Web site" ], "answer_start": [ 244 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-102904
5acd1d2407355d001abf3588
Unicode
The Unicode Roadmap Committee (Michael Everson, Rick McGowan, and Ken Whistler) maintain the list of scripts that are candidates or potential candidates for encoding and their tentative code block assignments on the Unicode Roadmap page of the Unicode Consortium Web site. For some scripts on the Roadmap, such as Jurchen, Nü Shu, and Tangut, encoding proposals have been made and they are working their way through the approval process. For others scripts, such as Mayan and Rongorongo, no proposal has yet been made, and they await agreement on character repertoire and other details from the user communities involved.
Who are the potential candidates for encoding?
Who are the potential candidates for encoding?
[ "Who are the potential candidates for encoding?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-102905
5acd1d2407355d001abf3589
Unicode
The Unicode Roadmap Committee (Michael Everson, Rick McGowan, and Ken Whistler) maintain the list of scripts that are candidates or potential candidates for encoding and their tentative code block assignments on the Unicode Roadmap page of the Unicode Consortium Web site. For some scripts on the Roadmap, such as Jurchen, Nü Shu, and Tangut, encoding proposals have been made and they are working their way through the approval process. For others scripts, such as Mayan and Rongorongo, no proposal has yet been made, and they await agreement on character repertoire and other details from the user communities involved.
Who made the proposal for the Mayan script?
Who made the proposal for the Mayan script?
[ "Who made the proposal for the Mayan script?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-102906
5acd1d2407355d001abf358a
Unicode
The Unicode Roadmap Committee (Michael Everson, Rick McGowan, and Ken Whistler) maintain the list of scripts that are candidates or potential candidates for encoding and their tentative code block assignments on the Unicode Roadmap page of the Unicode Consortium Web site. For some scripts on the Roadmap, such as Jurchen, Nü Shu, and Tangut, encoding proposals have been made and they are working their way through the approval process. For others scripts, such as Mayan and Rongorongo, no proposal has yet been made, and they await agreement on character repertoire and other details from the user communities involved.
What needs to be agreed upon before a script for Jurchen is proposed?
What needs to be agreed upon before a script for Jurchen is proposed?
[ "What needs to be agreed upon before a script for Jurchen is proposed?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-102907
5acd1d2407355d001abf358b
Unicode
The Unicode Roadmap Committee (Michael Everson, Rick McGowan, and Ken Whistler) maintain the list of scripts that are candidates or potential candidates for encoding and their tentative code block assignments on the Unicode Roadmap page of the Unicode Consortium Web site. For some scripts on the Roadmap, such as Jurchen, Nü Shu, and Tangut, encoding proposals have been made and they are working their way through the approval process. For others scripts, such as Mayan and Rongorongo, no proposal has yet been made, and they await agreement on character repertoire and other details from the user communities involved.
Which scripts are user committees no longer proposing?
Which scripts are user committees no longer proposing?
[ "Which scripts are user committees no longer proposing?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-102908
5acd1d2407355d001abf358c
Unicode
The Unicode Roadmap Committee (Michael Everson, Rick McGowan, and Ken Whistler) maintain the list of scripts that are candidates or potential candidates for encoding and their tentative code block assignments on the Unicode Roadmap page of the Unicode Consortium Web site. For some scripts on the Roadmap, such as Jurchen, Nü Shu, and Tangut, encoding proposals have been made and they are working their way through the approval process. For others scripts, such as Mayan and Rongorongo, no proposal has yet been made, and they await agreement on character repertoire and other details from the user communities involved.
What committies have to approve proposals?
What committies have to approve proposals?
[ "What committies have to approve proposals?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-102909
5728027a4b864d1900164208
Unicode
Unicode defines two mapping methods: the Unicode Transformation Format (UTF) encodings, and the Universal Coded Character Set (UCS) encodings. An encoding maps (possibly a subset of) the range of Unicode code points to sequences of values in some fixed-size range, termed code values. The numbers in the names of the encodings indicate the number of bits per code value (for UTF encodings) or the number of bytes per code value (for UCS encodings). UTF-8 and UTF-16 are probably the most commonly used encodings. UCS-2 is an obsolete subset of UTF-16; UCS-4 and UTF-32 are functionally equivalent.
How many mapping methods does Unicode define?
How many mapping methods does Unicode define?
[ "How many mapping methods does Unicode define?" ]
{ "text": [ "two" ], "answer_start": [ 16 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-102910
5728027a4b864d1900164209
Unicode
Unicode defines two mapping methods: the Unicode Transformation Format (UTF) encodings, and the Universal Coded Character Set (UCS) encodings. An encoding maps (possibly a subset of) the range of Unicode code points to sequences of values in some fixed-size range, termed code values. The numbers in the names of the encodings indicate the number of bits per code value (for UTF encodings) or the number of bytes per code value (for UCS encodings). UTF-8 and UTF-16 are probably the most commonly used encodings. UCS-2 is an obsolete subset of UTF-16; UCS-4 and UTF-32 are functionally equivalent.
What are the two mapping methods that Unicode defines?
What are the two mapping methods that Unicode defines?
[ "What are the two mapping methods that Unicode defines?" ]
{ "text": [ "Unicode Transformation Format (UTF) encodings, and the Universal Coded Character Set (UCS) encodings" ], "answer_start": [ 41 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-102911
5728027a4b864d190016420a
Unicode
Unicode defines two mapping methods: the Unicode Transformation Format (UTF) encodings, and the Universal Coded Character Set (UCS) encodings. An encoding maps (possibly a subset of) the range of Unicode code points to sequences of values in some fixed-size range, termed code values. The numbers in the names of the encodings indicate the number of bits per code value (for UTF encodings) or the number of bytes per code value (for UCS encodings). UTF-8 and UTF-16 are probably the most commonly used encodings. UCS-2 is an obsolete subset of UTF-16; UCS-4 and UTF-32 are functionally equivalent.
What do numbers in the names of the encodings indicate?
What do numbers in the names of the encodings indicate?
[ "What do numbers in the names of the encodings indicate? " ]
{ "text": [ "the number of bits per code value (for UTF encodings) or the number of bytes per code value" ], "answer_start": [ 336 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-102912
5728027a4b864d190016420b
Unicode
Unicode defines two mapping methods: the Unicode Transformation Format (UTF) encodings, and the Universal Coded Character Set (UCS) encodings. An encoding maps (possibly a subset of) the range of Unicode code points to sequences of values in some fixed-size range, termed code values. The numbers in the names of the encodings indicate the number of bits per code value (for UTF encodings) or the number of bytes per code value (for UCS encodings). UTF-8 and UTF-16 are probably the most commonly used encodings. UCS-2 is an obsolete subset of UTF-16; UCS-4 and UTF-32 are functionally equivalent.
What are the most commonly used encodings?
What are the most commonly used encodings?
[ "What are the most commonly used encodings? " ]
{ "text": [ "UTF-8 and UTF-16" ], "answer_start": [ 449 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-102913
5728027a4b864d190016420c
Unicode
Unicode defines two mapping methods: the Unicode Transformation Format (UTF) encodings, and the Universal Coded Character Set (UCS) encodings. An encoding maps (possibly a subset of) the range of Unicode code points to sequences of values in some fixed-size range, termed code values. The numbers in the names of the encodings indicate the number of bits per code value (for UTF encodings) or the number of bytes per code value (for UCS encodings). UTF-8 and UTF-16 are probably the most commonly used encodings. UCS-2 is an obsolete subset of UTF-16; UCS-4 and UTF-32 are functionally equivalent.
What does UCS stand for?
What does UCS stand for?
[ "What does UCS stand for?" ]
{ "text": [ "Universal Coded Character Set" ], "answer_start": [ 96 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-102914
5acd1db907355d001abf35a6
Unicode
Unicode defines two mapping methods: the Unicode Transformation Format (UTF) encodings, and the Universal Coded Character Set (UCS) encodings. An encoding maps (possibly a subset of) the range of Unicode code points to sequences of values in some fixed-size range, termed code values. The numbers in the names of the encodings indicate the number of bits per code value (for UTF encodings) or the number of bytes per code value (for UCS encodings). UTF-8 and UTF-16 are probably the most commonly used encodings. UCS-2 is an obsolete subset of UTF-16; UCS-4 and UTF-32 are functionally equivalent.
How many mapping modes does USC have?
How many mapping modes does USC have?
[ "How many mapping modes does USC have?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-102915
5acd1db907355d001abf35a7
Unicode
Unicode defines two mapping methods: the Unicode Transformation Format (UTF) encodings, and the Universal Coded Character Set (UCS) encodings. An encoding maps (possibly a subset of) the range of Unicode code points to sequences of values in some fixed-size range, termed code values. The numbers in the names of the encodings indicate the number of bits per code value (for UTF encodings) or the number of bytes per code value (for UCS encodings). UTF-8 and UTF-16 are probably the most commonly used encodings. UCS-2 is an obsolete subset of UTF-16; UCS-4 and UTF-32 are functionally equivalent.
What maps an encoding?
What maps an encoding?
[ "What maps an encoding?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-102916
5acd1db907355d001abf35a8
Unicode
Unicode defines two mapping methods: the Unicode Transformation Format (UTF) encodings, and the Universal Coded Character Set (UCS) encodings. An encoding maps (possibly a subset of) the range of Unicode code points to sequences of values in some fixed-size range, termed code values. The numbers in the names of the encodings indicate the number of bits per code value (for UTF encodings) or the number of bytes per code value (for UCS encodings). UTF-8 and UTF-16 are probably the most commonly used encodings. UCS-2 is an obsolete subset of UTF-16; UCS-4 and UTF-32 are functionally equivalent.
What is the subset of UTF-8?
What is the subset of UTF-8?
[ "What is the subset of UTF-8?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-102917
5acd1db907355d001abf35a9
Unicode
Unicode defines two mapping methods: the Unicode Transformation Format (UTF) encodings, and the Universal Coded Character Set (UCS) encodings. An encoding maps (possibly a subset of) the range of Unicode code points to sequences of values in some fixed-size range, termed code values. The numbers in the names of the encodings indicate the number of bits per code value (for UTF encodings) or the number of bytes per code value (for UCS encodings). UTF-8 and UTF-16 are probably the most commonly used encodings. UCS-2 is an obsolete subset of UTF-16; UCS-4 and UTF-32 are functionally equivalent.
What is functionally equivalent to USC-2?
What is functionally equivalent to USC-2?
[ "What is functionally equivalent to USC-2?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-102918
5acd1db907355d001abf35aa
Unicode
Unicode defines two mapping methods: the Unicode Transformation Format (UTF) encodings, and the Universal Coded Character Set (UCS) encodings. An encoding maps (possibly a subset of) the range of Unicode code points to sequences of values in some fixed-size range, termed code values. The numbers in the names of the encodings indicate the number of bits per code value (for UTF encodings) or the number of bytes per code value (for UCS encodings). UTF-8 and UTF-16 are probably the most commonly used encodings. UCS-2 is an obsolete subset of UTF-16; UCS-4 and UTF-32 are functionally equivalent.
What do the sequences of values indicate?
What do the sequences of values indicate?
[ "What do the sequences of values indicate?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-102919
572802e54b864d190016421c
Unicode
The UCS-2 and UTF-16 encodings specify the Unicode Byte Order Mark (BOM) for use at the beginnings of text files, which may be used for byte ordering detection (or byte endianness detection). The BOM, code point U+FEFF has the important property of unambiguity on byte reorder, regardless of the Unicode encoding used; U+FFFE (the result of byte-swapping U+FEFF) does not equate to a legal character, and U+FEFF in other places, other than the beginning of text, conveys the zero-width non-break space (a character with no appearance and no effect other than preventing the formation of ligatures).
What does BOM stand for?
What does BOM stand for?
[ "What does BOM stand for? " ]
{ "text": [ "Unicode Byte Order Mark" ], "answer_start": [ 43 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-102920
572802e54b864d190016421d
Unicode
The UCS-2 and UTF-16 encodings specify the Unicode Byte Order Mark (BOM) for use at the beginnings of text files, which may be used for byte ordering detection (or byte endianness detection). The BOM, code point U+FEFF has the important property of unambiguity on byte reorder, regardless of the Unicode encoding used; U+FFFE (the result of byte-swapping U+FEFF) does not equate to a legal character, and U+FEFF in other places, other than the beginning of text, conveys the zero-width non-break space (a character with no appearance and no effect other than preventing the formation of ligatures).
What specifies the BOM?
What specifies the BOM?
[ "What specifies the BOM?" ]
{ "text": [ "UCS-2 and UTF-16" ], "answer_start": [ 4 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-102921
572802e54b864d190016421e
Unicode
The UCS-2 and UTF-16 encodings specify the Unicode Byte Order Mark (BOM) for use at the beginnings of text files, which may be used for byte ordering detection (or byte endianness detection). The BOM, code point U+FEFF has the important property of unambiguity on byte reorder, regardless of the Unicode encoding used; U+FFFE (the result of byte-swapping U+FEFF) does not equate to a legal character, and U+FEFF in other places, other than the beginning of text, conveys the zero-width non-break space (a character with no appearance and no effect other than preventing the formation of ligatures).
what is the code point of the BOM?
what is the code point of the BOM?
[ "what is the code point of the BOM?" ]
{ "text": [ "U+FEFF" ], "answer_start": [ 212 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-102922
572802e54b864d190016421f
Unicode
The UCS-2 and UTF-16 encodings specify the Unicode Byte Order Mark (BOM) for use at the beginnings of text files, which may be used for byte ordering detection (or byte endianness detection). The BOM, code point U+FEFF has the important property of unambiguity on byte reorder, regardless of the Unicode encoding used; U+FFFE (the result of byte-swapping U+FEFF) does not equate to a legal character, and U+FEFF in other places, other than the beginning of text, conveys the zero-width non-break space (a character with no appearance and no effect other than preventing the formation of ligatures).
What is U+UFFE the result of?
What is U+UFFE the result of?
[ "What is U+UFFE the result of? " ]
{ "text": [ "byte-swapping U+FEFF" ], "answer_start": [ 341 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-102923
5acd209007355d001abf35ea
Unicode
The UCS-2 and UTF-16 encodings specify the Unicode Byte Order Mark (BOM) for use at the beginnings of text files, which may be used for byte ordering detection (or byte endianness detection). The BOM, code point U+FEFF has the important property of unambiguity on byte reorder, regardless of the Unicode encoding used; U+FFFE (the result of byte-swapping U+FEFF) does not equate to a legal character, and U+FEFF in other places, other than the beginning of text, conveys the zero-width non-break space (a character with no appearance and no effect other than preventing the formation of ligatures).
What is the code point for BOM?
What is the code point for BOM?
[ "What is the code point for BOM?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-102924
5acd209007355d001abf35eb
Unicode
The UCS-2 and UTF-16 encodings specify the Unicode Byte Order Mark (BOM) for use at the beginnings of text files, which may be used for byte ordering detection (or byte endianness detection). The BOM, code point U+FEFF has the important property of unambiguity on byte reorder, regardless of the Unicode encoding used; U+FFFE (the result of byte-swapping U+FEFF) does not equate to a legal character, and U+FEFF in other places, other than the beginning of text, conveys the zero-width non-break space (a character with no appearance and no effect other than preventing the formation of ligatures).
What changes the important property in BOM?
What changes the important property in BOM?
[ "What changes the important property in BOM?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-102925
5acd209007355d001abf35ec
Unicode
The UCS-2 and UTF-16 encodings specify the Unicode Byte Order Mark (BOM) for use at the beginnings of text files, which may be used for byte ordering detection (or byte endianness detection). The BOM, code point U+FEFF has the important property of unambiguity on byte reorder, regardless of the Unicode encoding used; U+FFFE (the result of byte-swapping U+FEFF) does not equate to a legal character, and U+FEFF in other places, other than the beginning of text, conveys the zero-width non-break space (a character with no appearance and no effect other than preventing the formation of ligatures).
U+FFFE is equated to what?
U+FFFE is equated to what?
[ "U+FFFE is equated to what?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-102926
5acd209007355d001abf35ed
Unicode
The UCS-2 and UTF-16 encodings specify the Unicode Byte Order Mark (BOM) for use at the beginnings of text files, which may be used for byte ordering detection (or byte endianness detection). The BOM, code point U+FEFF has the important property of unambiguity on byte reorder, regardless of the Unicode encoding used; U+FFFE (the result of byte-swapping U+FEFF) does not equate to a legal character, and U+FEFF in other places, other than the beginning of text, conveys the zero-width non-break space (a character with no appearance and no effect other than preventing the formation of ligatures).
What are UCS-2 and UTF-16 specified by?
What are UCS-2 and UTF-16 specified by?
[ "What are UCS-2 and UTF-16 specified by?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-102927
5acd209007355d001abf35ee
Unicode
The UCS-2 and UTF-16 encodings specify the Unicode Byte Order Mark (BOM) for use at the beginnings of text files, which may be used for byte ordering detection (or byte endianness detection). The BOM, code point U+FEFF has the important property of unambiguity on byte reorder, regardless of the Unicode encoding used; U+FFFE (the result of byte-swapping U+FEFF) does not equate to a legal character, and U+FEFF in other places, other than the beginning of text, conveys the zero-width non-break space (a character with no appearance and no effect other than preventing the formation of ligatures).
What is the abbreviation for UCS-2 and UTF-16?
What is the abbreviation for UCS-2 and UTF-16?
[ "What is the abbreviation for UCS-2 and UTF-16?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-102928
572805f5ff5b5019007d9b1a
Unicode
The same character converted to UTF-8 becomes the byte sequence EF BB BF. The Unicode Standard allows that the BOM "can serve as signature for UTF-8 encoded text where the character set is unmarked". Some software developers have adopted it for other encodings, including UTF-8, in an attempt to distinguish UTF-8 from local 8-bit code pages. However RFC 3629, the UTF-8 standard, recommends that byte order marks be forbidden in protocols using UTF-8, but discusses the cases where this may not be possible. In addition, the large restriction on possible patterns in UTF-8 (for instance there cannot be any lone bytes with the high bit set) means that it should be possible to distinguish UTF-8 from other character encodings without relying on the BOM.
What is the UTF-8 standard?
What is the UTF-8 standard?
[ "What is the UTF-8 standard? " ]
{ "text": [ "RFC 3629" ], "answer_start": [ 351 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-102929
572805f5ff5b5019007d9b1b
Unicode
The same character converted to UTF-8 becomes the byte sequence EF BB BF. The Unicode Standard allows that the BOM "can serve as signature for UTF-8 encoded text where the character set is unmarked". Some software developers have adopted it for other encodings, including UTF-8, in an attempt to distinguish UTF-8 from local 8-bit code pages. However RFC 3629, the UTF-8 standard, recommends that byte order marks be forbidden in protocols using UTF-8, but discusses the cases where this may not be possible. In addition, the large restriction on possible patterns in UTF-8 (for instance there cannot be any lone bytes with the high bit set) means that it should be possible to distinguish UTF-8 from other character encodings without relying on the BOM.
Byte order marks are forbidden in protocols using what standard?
Byte order marks are forbidden in protocols using what standard?
[ "Byte order marks are forbidden in protocols using what standard? " ]
{ "text": [ "UTF-8" ], "answer_start": [ 446 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-102930
572805f5ff5b5019007d9b1c
Unicode
The same character converted to UTF-8 becomes the byte sequence EF BB BF. The Unicode Standard allows that the BOM "can serve as signature for UTF-8 encoded text where the character set is unmarked". Some software developers have adopted it for other encodings, including UTF-8, in an attempt to distinguish UTF-8 from local 8-bit code pages. However RFC 3629, the UTF-8 standard, recommends that byte order marks be forbidden in protocols using UTF-8, but discusses the cases where this may not be possible. In addition, the large restriction on possible patterns in UTF-8 (for instance there cannot be any lone bytes with the high bit set) means that it should be possible to distinguish UTF-8 from other character encodings without relying on the BOM.
Why is it possible to distinguish UTF-8 from other protocols?
Why is it possible to distinguish UTF-8 from other protocols?
[ "Why is it possible to distinguish UTF-8 from other protocols?" ]
{ "text": [ "the large restriction on possible patterns" ], "answer_start": [ 522 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-102931
5acd211a07355d001abf35fe
Unicode
The same character converted to UTF-8 becomes the byte sequence EF BB BF. The Unicode Standard allows that the BOM "can serve as signature for UTF-8 encoded text where the character set is unmarked". Some software developers have adopted it for other encodings, including UTF-8, in an attempt to distinguish UTF-8 from local 8-bit code pages. However RFC 3629, the UTF-8 standard, recommends that byte order marks be forbidden in protocols using UTF-8, but discusses the cases where this may not be possible. In addition, the large restriction on possible patterns in UTF-8 (for instance there cannot be any lone bytes with the high bit set) means that it should be possible to distinguish UTF-8 from other character encodings without relying on the BOM.
BOM can not replace what kind of UTF-8 text?
BOM can not replace what kind of UTF-8 text?
[ "BOM can not replace what kind of UTF-8 text?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-102932
5acd211a07355d001abf35ff
Unicode
The same character converted to UTF-8 becomes the byte sequence EF BB BF. The Unicode Standard allows that the BOM "can serve as signature for UTF-8 encoded text where the character set is unmarked". Some software developers have adopted it for other encodings, including UTF-8, in an attempt to distinguish UTF-8 from local 8-bit code pages. However RFC 3629, the UTF-8 standard, recommends that byte order marks be forbidden in protocols using UTF-8, but discusses the cases where this may not be possible. In addition, the large restriction on possible patterns in UTF-8 (for instance there cannot be any lone bytes with the high bit set) means that it should be possible to distinguish UTF-8 from other character encodings without relying on the BOM.
What is used to distinguish local 8-bit code pages?
What is used to distinguish local 8-bit code pages?
[ "What is used to distinguish local 8-bit code pages?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-102933
5acd211a07355d001abf3600
Unicode
The same character converted to UTF-8 becomes the byte sequence EF BB BF. The Unicode Standard allows that the BOM "can serve as signature for UTF-8 encoded text where the character set is unmarked". Some software developers have adopted it for other encodings, including UTF-8, in an attempt to distinguish UTF-8 from local 8-bit code pages. However RFC 3629, the UTF-8 standard, recommends that byte order marks be forbidden in protocols using UTF-8, but discusses the cases where this may not be possible. In addition, the large restriction on possible patterns in UTF-8 (for instance there cannot be any lone bytes with the high bit set) means that it should be possible to distinguish UTF-8 from other character encodings without relying on the BOM.
What is the name of the BOM standard?
What is the name of the BOM standard?
[ "What is the name of the BOM standard?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-102934
5acd211a07355d001abf3601
Unicode
The same character converted to UTF-8 becomes the byte sequence EF BB BF. The Unicode Standard allows that the BOM "can serve as signature for UTF-8 encoded text where the character set is unmarked". Some software developers have adopted it for other encodings, including UTF-8, in an attempt to distinguish UTF-8 from local 8-bit code pages. However RFC 3629, the UTF-8 standard, recommends that byte order marks be forbidden in protocols using UTF-8, but discusses the cases where this may not be possible. In addition, the large restriction on possible patterns in UTF-8 (for instance there cannot be any lone bytes with the high bit set) means that it should be possible to distinguish UTF-8 from other character encodings without relying on the BOM.
What type of bytes are required in a high bit set?
What type of bytes are required in a high bit set?
[ "What type of bytes are required in a high bit set?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-102935
5acd211a07355d001abf3602
Unicode
The same character converted to UTF-8 becomes the byte sequence EF BB BF. The Unicode Standard allows that the BOM "can serve as signature for UTF-8 encoded text where the character set is unmarked". Some software developers have adopted it for other encodings, including UTF-8, in an attempt to distinguish UTF-8 from local 8-bit code pages. However RFC 3629, the UTF-8 standard, recommends that byte order marks be forbidden in protocols using UTF-8, but discusses the cases where this may not be possible. In addition, the large restriction on possible patterns in UTF-8 (for instance there cannot be any lone bytes with the high bit set) means that it should be possible to distinguish UTF-8 from other character encodings without relying on the BOM.
What type of patterns are rarely resticted?
What type of patterns are rarely resticted?
[ "What type of patterns are rarely resticted?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-102936
57280742ff5b5019007d9b3c
Unicode
In UTF-32 and UCS-4, one 32-bit code value serves as a fairly direct representation of any character's code point (although the endianness, which varies across different platforms, affects how the code value manifests as an octet sequence). In the other encodings, each code point may be represented by a variable number of code values. UTF-32 is widely used as an internal representation of text in programs (as opposed to stored or transmitted text), since every Unix operating system that uses the gcc compilers to generate software uses it as the standard "wide character" encoding. Some programming languages, such as Seed7, use UTF-32 as internal representation for strings and characters. Recent versions of the Python programming language (beginning with 2.2) may also be configured to use UTF-32 as the representation for Unicode strings, effectively disseminating such encoding in high-level coded software.
How is UTF-32 widely used?
How is UTF-32 widely used?
[ "How is UTF-32 widely used? " ]
{ "text": [ "internal representation of text in programs" ], "answer_start": [ 365 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-102937
57280742ff5b5019007d9b3d
Unicode
In UTF-32 and UCS-4, one 32-bit code value serves as a fairly direct representation of any character's code point (although the endianness, which varies across different platforms, affects how the code value manifests as an octet sequence). In the other encodings, each code point may be represented by a variable number of code values. UTF-32 is widely used as an internal representation of text in programs (as opposed to stored or transmitted text), since every Unix operating system that uses the gcc compilers to generate software uses it as the standard "wide character" encoding. Some programming languages, such as Seed7, use UTF-32 as internal representation for strings and characters. Recent versions of the Python programming language (beginning with 2.2) may also be configured to use UTF-32 as the representation for Unicode strings, effectively disseminating such encoding in high-level coded software.
What programming language uses UTF-32 as internal representation of characters?
What programming language uses UTF-32 as internal representation of characters?
[ "What programming language uses UTF-32 as internal representation of characters? " ]
{ "text": [ "Seed7" ], "answer_start": [ 623 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-102938
57280742ff5b5019007d9b3e
Unicode
In UTF-32 and UCS-4, one 32-bit code value serves as a fairly direct representation of any character's code point (although the endianness, which varies across different platforms, affects how the code value manifests as an octet sequence). In the other encodings, each code point may be represented by a variable number of code values. UTF-32 is widely used as an internal representation of text in programs (as opposed to stored or transmitted text), since every Unix operating system that uses the gcc compilers to generate software uses it as the standard "wide character" encoding. Some programming languages, such as Seed7, use UTF-32 as internal representation for strings and characters. Recent versions of the Python programming language (beginning with 2.2) may also be configured to use UTF-32 as the representation for Unicode strings, effectively disseminating such encoding in high-level coded software.
what version of python can be used with UTF-32?
what version of python can be used with UTF-32?
[ "what version of python can be used with UTF-32? " ]
{ "text": [ "2.2" ], "answer_start": [ 763 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-102939
5acd21f407355d001abf361c
Unicode
In UTF-32 and UCS-4, one 32-bit code value serves as a fairly direct representation of any character's code point (although the endianness, which varies across different platforms, affects how the code value manifests as an octet sequence). In the other encodings, each code point may be represented by a variable number of code values. UTF-32 is widely used as an internal representation of text in programs (as opposed to stored or transmitted text), since every Unix operating system that uses the gcc compilers to generate software uses it as the standard "wide character" encoding. Some programming languages, such as Seed7, use UTF-32 as internal representation for strings and characters. Recent versions of the Python programming language (beginning with 2.2) may also be configured to use UTF-32 as the representation for Unicode strings, effectively disseminating such encoding in high-level coded software.
What does not vary across platforms?
What does not vary across platforms?
[ "What does not vary across platforms?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-102940
5acd21f407355d001abf361d
Unicode
In UTF-32 and UCS-4, one 32-bit code value serves as a fairly direct representation of any character's code point (although the endianness, which varies across different platforms, affects how the code value manifests as an octet sequence). In the other encodings, each code point may be represented by a variable number of code values. UTF-32 is widely used as an internal representation of text in programs (as opposed to stored or transmitted text), since every Unix operating system that uses the gcc compilers to generate software uses it as the standard "wide character" encoding. Some programming languages, such as Seed7, use UTF-32 as internal representation for strings and characters. Recent versions of the Python programming language (beginning with 2.2) may also be configured to use UTF-32 as the representation for Unicode strings, effectively disseminating such encoding in high-level coded software.
What uses UCS-4 as an internal representation?
What uses UCS-4 as an internal representation?
[ "What uses UCS-4 as an internal representation?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-102941
5acd21f407355d001abf361e
Unicode
In UTF-32 and UCS-4, one 32-bit code value serves as a fairly direct representation of any character's code point (although the endianness, which varies across different platforms, affects how the code value manifests as an octet sequence). In the other encodings, each code point may be represented by a variable number of code values. UTF-32 is widely used as an internal representation of text in programs (as opposed to stored or transmitted text), since every Unix operating system that uses the gcc compilers to generate software uses it as the standard "wide character" encoding. Some programming languages, such as Seed7, use UTF-32 as internal representation for strings and characters. Recent versions of the Python programming language (beginning with 2.2) may also be configured to use UTF-32 as the representation for Unicode strings, effectively disseminating such encoding in high-level coded software.
What is the last version of Python that can use UTF-32?
What is the last version of Python that can use UTF-32?
[ "What is the last version of Python that can use UTF-32?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-102942
5acd21f407355d001abf361f
Unicode
In UTF-32 and UCS-4, one 32-bit code value serves as a fairly direct representation of any character's code point (although the endianness, which varies across different platforms, affects how the code value manifests as an octet sequence). In the other encodings, each code point may be represented by a variable number of code values. UTF-32 is widely used as an internal representation of text in programs (as opposed to stored or transmitted text), since every Unix operating system that uses the gcc compilers to generate software uses it as the standard "wide character" encoding. Some programming languages, such as Seed7, use UTF-32 as internal representation for strings and characters. Recent versions of the Python programming language (beginning with 2.2) may also be configured to use UTF-32 as the representation for Unicode strings, effectively disseminating such encoding in high-level coded software.
What does Python use to generate the standard wide character encoding?
What does Python use to generate the standard wide character encoding?
[ "What does Python use to generate the standard wide character encoding?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-102943
5acd21f407355d001abf3620
Unicode
In UTF-32 and UCS-4, one 32-bit code value serves as a fairly direct representation of any character's code point (although the endianness, which varies across different platforms, affects how the code value manifests as an octet sequence). In the other encodings, each code point may be represented by a variable number of code values. UTF-32 is widely used as an internal representation of text in programs (as opposed to stored or transmitted text), since every Unix operating system that uses the gcc compilers to generate software uses it as the standard "wide character" encoding. Some programming languages, such as Seed7, use UTF-32 as internal representation for strings and characters. Recent versions of the Python programming language (beginning with 2.2) may also be configured to use UTF-32 as the representation for Unicode strings, effectively disseminating such encoding in high-level coded software.
What is used to represent transmitted text?
What is used to represent transmitted text?
[ "What is used to represent transmitted text?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-102944
572808464b864d1900164292
Unicode
Unicode includes a mechanism for modifying character shape that greatly extends the supported glyph repertoire. This covers the use of combining diacritical marks. They are inserted after the main character. Multiple combining diacritics may be stacked over the same character. Unicode also contains precomposed versions of most letter/diacritic combinations in normal use. These make conversion to and from legacy encodings simpler, and allow applications to use Unicode as an internal text format without having to implement combining characters. For example, é can be represented in Unicode as U+0065 (LATIN SMALL LETTER E) followed by U+0301 (COMBINING ACUTE ACCENT), but it can also be represented as the precomposed character U+00E9 (LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH ACUTE). Thus, in many cases, users have multiple ways of encoding the same character. To deal with this, Unicode provides the mechanism of canonical equivalence.
What combinations does unicode contain in normal use?
What combinations does unicode contain in normal use?
[ "What combinations does unicode contain in normal use?" ]
{ "text": [ "most letter/diacritic combinations" ], "answer_start": [ 324 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-102945
572808464b864d1900164293
Unicode
Unicode includes a mechanism for modifying character shape that greatly extends the supported glyph repertoire. This covers the use of combining diacritical marks. They are inserted after the main character. Multiple combining diacritics may be stacked over the same character. Unicode also contains precomposed versions of most letter/diacritic combinations in normal use. These make conversion to and from legacy encodings simpler, and allow applications to use Unicode as an internal text format without having to implement combining characters. For example, é can be represented in Unicode as U+0065 (LATIN SMALL LETTER E) followed by U+0301 (COMBINING ACUTE ACCENT), but it can also be represented as the precomposed character U+00E9 (LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH ACUTE). Thus, in many cases, users have multiple ways of encoding the same character. To deal with this, Unicode provides the mechanism of canonical equivalence.
How is the latin small letter e represented in Unicode?
How is the latin small letter e represented in Unicode?
[ "How is the latin small letter e represented in Unicode?" ]
{ "text": [ "U+0065" ], "answer_start": [ 597 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-102946
572808464b864d1900164294
Unicode
Unicode includes a mechanism for modifying character shape that greatly extends the supported glyph repertoire. This covers the use of combining diacritical marks. They are inserted after the main character. Multiple combining diacritics may be stacked over the same character. Unicode also contains precomposed versions of most letter/diacritic combinations in normal use. These make conversion to and from legacy encodings simpler, and allow applications to use Unicode as an internal text format without having to implement combining characters. For example, é can be represented in Unicode as U+0065 (LATIN SMALL LETTER E) followed by U+0301 (COMBINING ACUTE ACCENT), but it can also be represented as the precomposed character U+00E9 (LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH ACUTE). Thus, in many cases, users have multiple ways of encoding the same character. To deal with this, Unicode provides the mechanism of canonical equivalence.
How is the accent added to the small latin e?
How is the accent added to the small latin e?
[ "How is the accent added to the small latin e? " ]
{ "text": [ "U+0301" ], "answer_start": [ 639 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-102947
572808464b864d1900164295
Unicode
Unicode includes a mechanism for modifying character shape that greatly extends the supported glyph repertoire. This covers the use of combining diacritical marks. They are inserted after the main character. Multiple combining diacritics may be stacked over the same character. Unicode also contains precomposed versions of most letter/diacritic combinations in normal use. These make conversion to and from legacy encodings simpler, and allow applications to use Unicode as an internal text format without having to implement combining characters. For example, é can be represented in Unicode as U+0065 (LATIN SMALL LETTER E) followed by U+0301 (COMBINING ACUTE ACCENT), but it can also be represented as the precomposed character U+00E9 (LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH ACUTE). Thus, in many cases, users have multiple ways of encoding the same character. To deal with this, Unicode provides the mechanism of canonical equivalence.
What precomposed character represents the small latin e with an accent?
What precomposed character represents the small latin e with an accent?
[ "What precomposed character represents the small latin e with an accent? " ]
{ "text": [ "U+00E9" ], "answer_start": [ 732 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-102948
5acd22b507355d001abf3644
Unicode
Unicode includes a mechanism for modifying character shape that greatly extends the supported glyph repertoire. This covers the use of combining diacritical marks. They are inserted after the main character. Multiple combining diacritics may be stacked over the same character. Unicode also contains precomposed versions of most letter/diacritic combinations in normal use. These make conversion to and from legacy encodings simpler, and allow applications to use Unicode as an internal text format without having to implement combining characters. For example, é can be represented in Unicode as U+0065 (LATIN SMALL LETTER E) followed by U+0301 (COMBINING ACUTE ACCENT), but it can also be represented as the precomposed character U+00E9 (LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH ACUTE). Thus, in many cases, users have multiple ways of encoding the same character. To deal with this, Unicode provides the mechanism of canonical equivalence.
What are inserted before a main character?
What are inserted before a main character?
[ "What are inserted before a main character?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-102949
5acd22b507355d001abf3645
Unicode
Unicode includes a mechanism for modifying character shape that greatly extends the supported glyph repertoire. This covers the use of combining diacritical marks. They are inserted after the main character. Multiple combining diacritics may be stacked over the same character. Unicode also contains precomposed versions of most letter/diacritic combinations in normal use. These make conversion to and from legacy encodings simpler, and allow applications to use Unicode as an internal text format without having to implement combining characters. For example, é can be represented in Unicode as U+0065 (LATIN SMALL LETTER E) followed by U+0301 (COMBINING ACUTE ACCENT), but it can also be represented as the precomposed character U+00E9 (LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH ACUTE). Thus, in many cases, users have multiple ways of encoding the same character. To deal with this, Unicode provides the mechanism of canonical equivalence.
What cannot have multiple instances of diacritics?
What cannot have multiple instances of diacritics?
[ "What cannot have multiple instances of diacritics?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-102950
5acd22b507355d001abf3646
Unicode
Unicode includes a mechanism for modifying character shape that greatly extends the supported glyph repertoire. This covers the use of combining diacritical marks. They are inserted after the main character. Multiple combining diacritics may be stacked over the same character. Unicode also contains precomposed versions of most letter/diacritic combinations in normal use. These make conversion to and from legacy encodings simpler, and allow applications to use Unicode as an internal text format without having to implement combining characters. For example, é can be represented in Unicode as U+0065 (LATIN SMALL LETTER E) followed by U+0301 (COMBINING ACUTE ACCENT), but it can also be represented as the precomposed character U+00E9 (LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH ACUTE). Thus, in many cases, users have multiple ways of encoding the same character. To deal with this, Unicode provides the mechanism of canonical equivalence.
What do applications have to implement?
What do applications have to implement?
[ "What do applications have to implement?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-102951
5acd22b507355d001abf3647
Unicode
Unicode includes a mechanism for modifying character shape that greatly extends the supported glyph repertoire. This covers the use of combining diacritical marks. They are inserted after the main character. Multiple combining diacritics may be stacked over the same character. Unicode also contains precomposed versions of most letter/diacritic combinations in normal use. These make conversion to and from legacy encodings simpler, and allow applications to use Unicode as an internal text format without having to implement combining characters. For example, é can be represented in Unicode as U+0065 (LATIN SMALL LETTER E) followed by U+0301 (COMBINING ACUTE ACCENT), but it can also be represented as the precomposed character U+00E9 (LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH ACUTE). Thus, in many cases, users have multiple ways of encoding the same character. To deal with this, Unicode provides the mechanism of canonical equivalence.
What prevents redundancy in the ways you can make one character?
What prevents redundancy in the ways you can make one character?
[ "What prevents redundancy in the ways you can make one character?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-102952
5acd22b507355d001abf3648
Unicode
Unicode includes a mechanism for modifying character shape that greatly extends the supported glyph repertoire. This covers the use of combining diacritical marks. They are inserted after the main character. Multiple combining diacritics may be stacked over the same character. Unicode also contains precomposed versions of most letter/diacritic combinations in normal use. These make conversion to and from legacy encodings simpler, and allow applications to use Unicode as an internal text format without having to implement combining characters. For example, é can be represented in Unicode as U+0065 (LATIN SMALL LETTER E) followed by U+0301 (COMBINING ACUTE ACCENT), but it can also be represented as the precomposed character U+00E9 (LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH ACUTE). Thus, in many cases, users have multiple ways of encoding the same character. To deal with this, Unicode provides the mechanism of canonical equivalence.
How is the capital letter e indicated in unicode?
How is the capital letter e indicated in unicode?
[ "How is the capital letter e indicated in unicode?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-102953
572809a13acd2414000df2f7
Unicode
The CJK ideographs currently have codes only for their precomposed form. Still, most of those ideographs comprise simpler elements (often called radicals in English), so in principle, Unicode could have decomposed them, as it did with Hangul. This would have greatly reduced the number of required code points, while allowing the display of virtually every conceivable ideograph (which might do away with some of the problems caused by Han unification). A similar idea is used by some input methods, such as Cangjie and Wubi. However, attempts to do this for character encoding have stumbled over the fact that ideographs do not decompose as simply or as regularly as Hangul does.
The CJK ideographs comprise simpler elements called what in English?
The CJK ideographs comprise simpler elements called what in English?
[ "The CJK ideographs comprise simpler elements called what in English?" ]
{ "text": [ "radicals" ], "answer_start": [ 145 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-102954
572809a13acd2414000df2f8
Unicode
The CJK ideographs currently have codes only for their precomposed form. Still, most of those ideographs comprise simpler elements (often called radicals in English), so in principle, Unicode could have decomposed them, as it did with Hangul. This would have greatly reduced the number of required code points, while allowing the display of virtually every conceivable ideograph (which might do away with some of the problems caused by Han unification). A similar idea is used by some input methods, such as Cangjie and Wubi. However, attempts to do this for character encoding have stumbled over the fact that ideographs do not decompose as simply or as regularly as Hangul does.
Why have ideographs been unable to be simplified like Hangul?
Why have ideographs been unable to be simplified like Hangul?
[ "Why have ideographs been unable to be simplified like Hangul?" ]
{ "text": [ "ideographs do not decompose as simply or as regularly" ], "answer_start": [ 611 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-102955
572809a13acd2414000df2f9
Unicode
The CJK ideographs currently have codes only for their precomposed form. Still, most of those ideographs comprise simpler elements (often called radicals in English), so in principle, Unicode could have decomposed them, as it did with Hangul. This would have greatly reduced the number of required code points, while allowing the display of virtually every conceivable ideograph (which might do away with some of the problems caused by Han unification). A similar idea is used by some input methods, such as Cangjie and Wubi. However, attempts to do this for character encoding have stumbled over the fact that ideographs do not decompose as simply or as regularly as Hangul does.
What would be the benefit of Unicode decomposing ideographs?
What would be the benefit of Unicode decomposing ideographs?
[ "What would be the benefit of Unicode decomposing ideographs?" ]
{ "text": [ "greatly reduced the number of required code points" ], "answer_start": [ 259 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-102956
5acd236507355d001abf3674
Unicode
The CJK ideographs currently have codes only for their precomposed form. Still, most of those ideographs comprise simpler elements (often called radicals in English), so in principle, Unicode could have decomposed them, as it did with Hangul. This would have greatly reduced the number of required code points, while allowing the display of virtually every conceivable ideograph (which might do away with some of the problems caused by Han unification). A similar idea is used by some input methods, such as Cangjie and Wubi. However, attempts to do this for character encoding have stumbled over the fact that ideographs do not decompose as simply or as regularly as Hangul does.
What ideographs do not have codes for their precomposed form yet?
What ideographs do not have codes for their precomposed form yet?
[ "What ideographs do not have codes for their precomposed form yet?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-102957
5acd236507355d001abf3675
Unicode
The CJK ideographs currently have codes only for their precomposed form. Still, most of those ideographs comprise simpler elements (often called radicals in English), so in principle, Unicode could have decomposed them, as it did with Hangul. This would have greatly reduced the number of required code points, while allowing the display of virtually every conceivable ideograph (which might do away with some of the problems caused by Han unification). A similar idea is used by some input methods, such as Cangjie and Wubi. However, attempts to do this for character encoding have stumbled over the fact that ideographs do not decompose as simply or as regularly as Hangul does.
What are precomposed forms called in English?
What are precomposed forms called in English?
[ "What are precomposed forms called in English?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-102958
5acd236507355d001abf3676
Unicode
The CJK ideographs currently have codes only for their precomposed form. Still, most of those ideographs comprise simpler elements (often called radicals in English), so in principle, Unicode could have decomposed them, as it did with Hangul. This would have greatly reduced the number of required code points, while allowing the display of virtually every conceivable ideograph (which might do away with some of the problems caused by Han unification). A similar idea is used by some input methods, such as Cangjie and Wubi. However, attempts to do this for character encoding have stumbled over the fact that ideographs do not decompose as simply or as regularly as Hangul does.
What are called radicals in Hangul?
What are called radicals in Hangul?
[ "What are called radicals in Hangul?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-102959
5acd236507355d001abf3677
Unicode
The CJK ideographs currently have codes only for their precomposed form. Still, most of those ideographs comprise simpler elements (often called radicals in English), so in principle, Unicode could have decomposed them, as it did with Hangul. This would have greatly reduced the number of required code points, while allowing the display of virtually every conceivable ideograph (which might do away with some of the problems caused by Han unification). A similar idea is used by some input methods, such as Cangjie and Wubi. However, attempts to do this for character encoding have stumbled over the fact that ideographs do not decompose as simply or as regularly as Hangul does.
What did Unicode do to CJK ideographs?
What did Unicode do to CJK ideographs?
[ "What did Unicode do to CJK ideographs?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-102960
5acd236507355d001abf3678
Unicode
The CJK ideographs currently have codes only for their precomposed form. Still, most of those ideographs comprise simpler elements (often called radicals in English), so in principle, Unicode could have decomposed them, as it did with Hangul. This would have greatly reduced the number of required code points, while allowing the display of virtually every conceivable ideograph (which might do away with some of the problems caused by Han unification). A similar idea is used by some input methods, such as Cangjie and Wubi. However, attempts to do this for character encoding have stumbled over the fact that ideographs do not decompose as simply or as regularly as Hangul does.
What decomposes regularly in Wubi?
What decomposes regularly in Wubi?
[ "What decomposes regularly in Wubi?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-102961
572809e22ca10214002d9c44
Unicode
Many scripts, including Arabic and Devanagari, have special orthographic rules that require certain combinations of letterforms to be combined into special ligature forms. The rules governing ligature formation can be quite complex, requiring special script-shaping technologies such as ACE (Arabic Calligraphic Engine by DecoType in the 1980s and used to generate all the Arabic examples in the printed editions of the Unicode Standard), which became the proof of concept for OpenType (by Adobe and Microsoft), Graphite (by SIL International), or AAT (by Apple).
What does ACE stand for?
What does ACE stand for?
[ "What does ACE stand for? " ]
{ "text": [ "Arabic Calligraphic Engine" ], "answer_start": [ 292 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-102962
572809e22ca10214002d9c45
Unicode
Many scripts, including Arabic and Devanagari, have special orthographic rules that require certain combinations of letterforms to be combined into special ligature forms. The rules governing ligature formation can be quite complex, requiring special script-shaping technologies such as ACE (Arabic Calligraphic Engine by DecoType in the 1980s and used to generate all the Arabic examples in the printed editions of the Unicode Standard), which became the proof of concept for OpenType (by Adobe and Microsoft), Graphite (by SIL International), or AAT (by Apple).
Who created ACE?
Who created ACE?
[ "Who created ACE?" ]
{ "text": [ "DecoType" ], "answer_start": [ 322 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-102963
572809e22ca10214002d9c46
Unicode
Many scripts, including Arabic and Devanagari, have special orthographic rules that require certain combinations of letterforms to be combined into special ligature forms. The rules governing ligature formation can be quite complex, requiring special script-shaping technologies such as ACE (Arabic Calligraphic Engine by DecoType in the 1980s and used to generate all the Arabic examples in the printed editions of the Unicode Standard), which became the proof of concept for OpenType (by Adobe and Microsoft), Graphite (by SIL International), or AAT (by Apple).
When was ACE created?
When was ACE created?
[ "When was ACE created? " ]
{ "text": [ "1980s" ], "answer_start": [ 338 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-102964
572809e22ca10214002d9c47
Unicode
Many scripts, including Arabic and Devanagari, have special orthographic rules that require certain combinations of letterforms to be combined into special ligature forms. The rules governing ligature formation can be quite complex, requiring special script-shaping technologies such as ACE (Arabic Calligraphic Engine by DecoType in the 1980s and used to generate all the Arabic examples in the printed editions of the Unicode Standard), which became the proof of concept for OpenType (by Adobe and Microsoft), Graphite (by SIL International), or AAT (by Apple).
Who created OpenType?
Who created OpenType?
[ "Who created OpenType?" ]
{ "text": [ "Adobe and Microsoft" ], "answer_start": [ 490 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-102965
572809e22ca10214002d9c48
Unicode
Many scripts, including Arabic and Devanagari, have special orthographic rules that require certain combinations of letterforms to be combined into special ligature forms. The rules governing ligature formation can be quite complex, requiring special script-shaping technologies such as ACE (Arabic Calligraphic Engine by DecoType in the 1980s and used to generate all the Arabic examples in the printed editions of the Unicode Standard), which became the proof of concept for OpenType (by Adobe and Microsoft), Graphite (by SIL International), or AAT (by Apple).
Who created Graphite?
Who created Graphite?
[ "Who created Graphite? " ]
{ "text": [ "SIL International" ], "answer_start": [ 525 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-102966
5acd23f607355d001abf3686
Unicode
Many scripts, including Arabic and Devanagari, have special orthographic rules that require certain combinations of letterforms to be combined into special ligature forms. The rules governing ligature formation can be quite complex, requiring special script-shaping technologies such as ACE (Arabic Calligraphic Engine by DecoType in the 1980s and used to generate all the Arabic examples in the printed editions of the Unicode Standard), which became the proof of concept for OpenType (by Adobe and Microsoft), Graphite (by SIL International), or AAT (by Apple).
When was OpenType created?
When was OpenType created?
[ "When was OpenType created?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-102967
5acd23f607355d001abf3687
Unicode
Many scripts, including Arabic and Devanagari, have special orthographic rules that require certain combinations of letterforms to be combined into special ligature forms. The rules governing ligature formation can be quite complex, requiring special script-shaping technologies such as ACE (Arabic Calligraphic Engine by DecoType in the 1980s and used to generate all the Arabic examples in the printed editions of the Unicode Standard), which became the proof of concept for OpenType (by Adobe and Microsoft), Graphite (by SIL International), or AAT (by Apple).
What does AAT stand for?
What does AAT stand for?
[ "What does AAT stand for?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-102968
5acd23f607355d001abf3688
Unicode
Many scripts, including Arabic and Devanagari, have special orthographic rules that require certain combinations of letterforms to be combined into special ligature forms. The rules governing ligature formation can be quite complex, requiring special script-shaping technologies such as ACE (Arabic Calligraphic Engine by DecoType in the 1980s and used to generate all the Arabic examples in the printed editions of the Unicode Standard), which became the proof of concept for OpenType (by Adobe and Microsoft), Graphite (by SIL International), or AAT (by Apple).
Who partnered with SIL International?
Who partnered with SIL International?
[ "Who partnered with SIL International?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-102969
5acd23f607355d001abf3689
Unicode
Many scripts, including Arabic and Devanagari, have special orthographic rules that require certain combinations of letterforms to be combined into special ligature forms. The rules governing ligature formation can be quite complex, requiring special script-shaping technologies such as ACE (Arabic Calligraphic Engine by DecoType in the 1980s and used to generate all the Arabic examples in the printed editions of the Unicode Standard), which became the proof of concept for OpenType (by Adobe and Microsoft), Graphite (by SIL International), or AAT (by Apple).
Which two companies produced DecoType?
Which two companies produced DecoType?
[ "Which two companies produced DecoType?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-102970
5acd23f607355d001abf368a
Unicode
Many scripts, including Arabic and Devanagari, have special orthographic rules that require certain combinations of letterforms to be combined into special ligature forms. The rules governing ligature formation can be quite complex, requiring special script-shaping technologies such as ACE (Arabic Calligraphic Engine by DecoType in the 1980s and used to generate all the Arabic examples in the printed editions of the Unicode Standard), which became the proof of concept for OpenType (by Adobe and Microsoft), Graphite (by SIL International), or AAT (by Apple).
What are two examples of scripts without orthographic rules?
What are two examples of scripts without orthographic rules?
[ "What are two examples of scripts without orthographic rules?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-102971
57280b6b4b864d19001642ec
Unicode
Instructions are also embedded in fonts to tell the operating system how to properly output different character sequences. A simple solution to the placement of combining marks or diacritics is assigning the marks a width of zero and placing the glyph itself to the left or right of the left sidebearing (depending on the direction of the script they are intended to be used with). A mark handled this way will appear over whatever character precedes it, but will not adjust its position relative to the width or height of the base glyph; it may be visually awkward and it may overlap some glyphs. Real stacking is impossible, but can be approximated in limited cases (for example, Thai top-combining vowels and tone marks can just be at different heights to start with). Generally this approach is only effective in monospaced fonts, but may be used as a fallback rendering method when more complex methods fail.
where are instructions embedded to tell fonts how to output sequences?
where are instructions embedded to tell fonts how to output sequences?
[ "where are instructions embedded to tell fonts how to output sequences? " ]
{ "text": [ "in fonts" ], "answer_start": [ 31 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-102972
57280b6b4b864d19001642ed
Unicode
Instructions are also embedded in fonts to tell the operating system how to properly output different character sequences. A simple solution to the placement of combining marks or diacritics is assigning the marks a width of zero and placing the glyph itself to the left or right of the left sidebearing (depending on the direction of the script they are intended to be used with). A mark handled this way will appear over whatever character precedes it, but will not adjust its position relative to the width or height of the base glyph; it may be visually awkward and it may overlap some glyphs. Real stacking is impossible, but can be approximated in limited cases (for example, Thai top-combining vowels and tone marks can just be at different heights to start with). Generally this approach is only effective in monospaced fonts, but may be used as a fallback rendering method when more complex methods fail.
Can real stacking be accomplished?
Can real stacking be accomplished?
[ "Can real stacking be accomplished? " ]
{ "text": [ "Real stacking is impossible" ], "answer_start": [ 598 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-102973
57280b6b4b864d19001642ee
Unicode
Instructions are also embedded in fonts to tell the operating system how to properly output different character sequences. A simple solution to the placement of combining marks or diacritics is assigning the marks a width of zero and placing the glyph itself to the left or right of the left sidebearing (depending on the direction of the script they are intended to be used with). A mark handled this way will appear over whatever character precedes it, but will not adjust its position relative to the width or height of the base glyph; it may be visually awkward and it may overlap some glyphs. Real stacking is impossible, but can be approximated in limited cases (for example, Thai top-combining vowels and tone marks can just be at different heights to start with). Generally this approach is only effective in monospaced fonts, but may be used as a fallback rendering method when more complex methods fail.
what is a solution to the placement of combining marks?
what is a solution to the placement of combining marks?
[ "what is a solution to the placement of combining marks? " ]
{ "text": [ "assigning the marks a width of zero and placing the glyph itself to the left or right of the left sidebearing" ], "answer_start": [ 194 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-102974
5acd24b707355d001abf36aa
Unicode
Instructions are also embedded in fonts to tell the operating system how to properly output different character sequences. A simple solution to the placement of combining marks or diacritics is assigning the marks a width of zero and placing the glyph itself to the left or right of the left sidebearing (depending on the direction of the script they are intended to be used with). A mark handled this way will appear over whatever character precedes it, but will not adjust its position relative to the width or height of the base glyph; it may be visually awkward and it may overlap some glyphs. Real stacking is impossible, but can be approximated in limited cases (for example, Thai top-combining vowels and tone marks can just be at different heights to start with). Generally this approach is only effective in monospaced fonts, but may be used as a fallback rendering method when more complex methods fail.
What type of stacking is required?
What type of stacking is required?
[ "What type of stacking is required?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-102975
5acd24b707355d001abf36ab
Unicode
Instructions are also embedded in fonts to tell the operating system how to properly output different character sequences. A simple solution to the placement of combining marks or diacritics is assigning the marks a width of zero and placing the glyph itself to the left or right of the left sidebearing (depending on the direction of the script they are intended to be used with). A mark handled this way will appear over whatever character precedes it, but will not adjust its position relative to the width or height of the base glyph; it may be visually awkward and it may overlap some glyphs. Real stacking is impossible, but can be approximated in limited cases (for example, Thai top-combining vowels and tone marks can just be at different heights to start with). Generally this approach is only effective in monospaced fonts, but may be used as a fallback rendering method when more complex methods fail.
Approximated stacking is not possible with what kinds of fonts?
Approximated stacking is not possible with what kinds of fonts?
[ "Approximated stacking is not possible with what kinds of fonts?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-102976
5acd24b707355d001abf36ac
Unicode
Instructions are also embedded in fonts to tell the operating system how to properly output different character sequences. A simple solution to the placement of combining marks or diacritics is assigning the marks a width of zero and placing the glyph itself to the left or right of the left sidebearing (depending on the direction of the script they are intended to be used with). A mark handled this way will appear over whatever character precedes it, but will not adjust its position relative to the width or height of the base glyph; it may be visually awkward and it may overlap some glyphs. Real stacking is impossible, but can be approximated in limited cases (for example, Thai top-combining vowels and tone marks can just be at different heights to start with). Generally this approach is only effective in monospaced fonts, but may be used as a fallback rendering method when more complex methods fail.
What does the operating system tell what to do?
What does the operating system tell what to do?
[ "What does the operating system tell what to do?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-102977
5acd24b707355d001abf36ad
Unicode
Instructions are also embedded in fonts to tell the operating system how to properly output different character sequences. A simple solution to the placement of combining marks or diacritics is assigning the marks a width of zero and placing the glyph itself to the left or right of the left sidebearing (depending on the direction of the script they are intended to be used with). A mark handled this way will appear over whatever character precedes it, but will not adjust its position relative to the width or height of the base glyph; it may be visually awkward and it may overlap some glyphs. Real stacking is impossible, but can be approximated in limited cases (for example, Thai top-combining vowels and tone marks can just be at different heights to start with). Generally this approach is only effective in monospaced fonts, but may be used as a fallback rendering method when more complex methods fail.
What numerical value is assigned to the glyph?
What numerical value is assigned to the glyph?
[ "What numerical value is assigned to the glyph?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-102978
5acd24b707355d001abf36ae
Unicode
Instructions are also embedded in fonts to tell the operating system how to properly output different character sequences. A simple solution to the placement of combining marks or diacritics is assigning the marks a width of zero and placing the glyph itself to the left or right of the left sidebearing (depending on the direction of the script they are intended to be used with). A mark handled this way will appear over whatever character precedes it, but will not adjust its position relative to the width or height of the base glyph; it may be visually awkward and it may overlap some glyphs. Real stacking is impossible, but can be approximated in limited cases (for example, Thai top-combining vowels and tone marks can just be at different heights to start with). Generally this approach is only effective in monospaced fonts, but may be used as a fallback rendering method when more complex methods fail.
What is a mark adjust its position relative to?
What is a mark adjust its position relative to?
[ "What is a mark adjust its position relative to?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-102979
57280bee2ca10214002d9c96
Unicode
Several subsets of Unicode are standardized: Microsoft Windows since Windows NT 4.0 supports WGL-4 with 652 characters, which is considered to support all contemporary European languages using the Latin, Greek, or Cyrillic script. Other standardized subsets of Unicode include the Multilingual European Subsets: MES-1 (Latin scripts only, 335 characters), MES-2 (Latin, Greek and Cyrillic 1062 characters) and MES-3A & MES-3B (two larger subsets, not shown here). Note that MES-2 includes every character in MES-1 and WGL-4.
What subset of Unicode is used by Windows?
What subset of Unicode is used by Windows?
[ "What subset of Unicode is used by Windows? " ]
{ "text": [ "WGL-4 with 652 characters" ], "answer_start": [ 93 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-102980
57280bee2ca10214002d9c97
Unicode
Several subsets of Unicode are standardized: Microsoft Windows since Windows NT 4.0 supports WGL-4 with 652 characters, which is considered to support all contemporary European languages using the Latin, Greek, or Cyrillic script. Other standardized subsets of Unicode include the Multilingual European Subsets: MES-1 (Latin scripts only, 335 characters), MES-2 (Latin, Greek and Cyrillic 1062 characters) and MES-3A & MES-3B (two larger subsets, not shown here). Note that MES-2 includes every character in MES-1 and WGL-4.
What are MES-1, MES-2, AND MES-3A AND MES-3B part of?
What are MES-1, MES-2, AND MES-3A AND MES-3B part of?
[ "What are MES-1, MES-2, AND MES-3A AND MES-3B part of? " ]
{ "text": [ "Multilingual European Subsets" ], "answer_start": [ 281 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-102981
57280bee2ca10214002d9c98
Unicode
Several subsets of Unicode are standardized: Microsoft Windows since Windows NT 4.0 supports WGL-4 with 652 characters, which is considered to support all contemporary European languages using the Latin, Greek, or Cyrillic script. Other standardized subsets of Unicode include the Multilingual European Subsets: MES-1 (Latin scripts only, 335 characters), MES-2 (Latin, Greek and Cyrillic 1062 characters) and MES-3A & MES-3B (two larger subsets, not shown here). Note that MES-2 includes every character in MES-1 and WGL-4.
What subset includes every character in MES-1 and WGL-4?
What subset includes every character in MES-1 and WGL-4?
[ "What subset includes every character in MES-1 and WGL-4? " ]
{ "text": [ "MES-2" ], "answer_start": [ 474 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-102982
57280bee2ca10214002d9c99
Unicode
Several subsets of Unicode are standardized: Microsoft Windows since Windows NT 4.0 supports WGL-4 with 652 characters, which is considered to support all contemporary European languages using the Latin, Greek, or Cyrillic script. Other standardized subsets of Unicode include the Multilingual European Subsets: MES-1 (Latin scripts only, 335 characters), MES-2 (Latin, Greek and Cyrillic 1062 characters) and MES-3A & MES-3B (two larger subsets, not shown here). Note that MES-2 includes every character in MES-1 and WGL-4.
How long has Microsoft Windows supported WGL-4?
How long has Microsoft Windows supported WGL-4?
[ "How long has Microsoft Windows supported WGL-4? " ]
{ "text": [ "since Windows NT 4.0" ], "answer_start": [ 63 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-102983
57280bee2ca10214002d9c9a
Unicode
Several subsets of Unicode are standardized: Microsoft Windows since Windows NT 4.0 supports WGL-4 with 652 characters, which is considered to support all contemporary European languages using the Latin, Greek, or Cyrillic script. Other standardized subsets of Unicode include the Multilingual European Subsets: MES-1 (Latin scripts only, 335 characters), MES-2 (Latin, Greek and Cyrillic 1062 characters) and MES-3A & MES-3B (two larger subsets, not shown here). Note that MES-2 includes every character in MES-1 and WGL-4.
MES-1 uses what scripts only?
MES-1 uses what scripts only?
[ "MES-1 uses what scripts only? " ]
{ "text": [ "Latin scripts only" ], "answer_start": [ 319 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-102984
5acd276d07355d001abf3706
Unicode
Several subsets of Unicode are standardized: Microsoft Windows since Windows NT 4.0 supports WGL-4 with 652 characters, which is considered to support all contemporary European languages using the Latin, Greek, or Cyrillic script. Other standardized subsets of Unicode include the Multilingual European Subsets: MES-1 (Latin scripts only, 335 characters), MES-2 (Latin, Greek and Cyrillic 1062 characters) and MES-3A & MES-3B (two larger subsets, not shown here). Note that MES-2 includes every character in MES-1 and WGL-4.
What system uses MES-3A?
What system uses MES-3A?
[ "What system uses MES-3A?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-102985
5acd276d07355d001abf3707
Unicode
Several subsets of Unicode are standardized: Microsoft Windows since Windows NT 4.0 supports WGL-4 with 652 characters, which is considered to support all contemporary European languages using the Latin, Greek, or Cyrillic script. Other standardized subsets of Unicode include the Multilingual European Subsets: MES-1 (Latin scripts only, 335 characters), MES-2 (Latin, Greek and Cyrillic 1062 characters) and MES-3A & MES-3B (two larger subsets, not shown here). Note that MES-2 includes every character in MES-1 and WGL-4.
How many Latin characters are supported in WGL-4?
How many Latin characters are supported in WGL-4?
[ "How many Latin characters are supported in WGL-4?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-102986
5acd276d07355d001abf3708
Unicode
Several subsets of Unicode are standardized: Microsoft Windows since Windows NT 4.0 supports WGL-4 with 652 characters, which is considered to support all contemporary European languages using the Latin, Greek, or Cyrillic script. Other standardized subsets of Unicode include the Multilingual European Subsets: MES-1 (Latin scripts only, 335 characters), MES-2 (Latin, Greek and Cyrillic 1062 characters) and MES-3A & MES-3B (two larger subsets, not shown here). Note that MES-2 includes every character in MES-1 and WGL-4.
How many characters are in MES-3B?
How many characters are in MES-3B?
[ "How many characters are in MES-3B?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-102987
5acd276d07355d001abf3709
Unicode
Several subsets of Unicode are standardized: Microsoft Windows since Windows NT 4.0 supports WGL-4 with 652 characters, which is considered to support all contemporary European languages using the Latin, Greek, or Cyrillic script. Other standardized subsets of Unicode include the Multilingual European Subsets: MES-1 (Latin scripts only, 335 characters), MES-2 (Latin, Greek and Cyrillic 1062 characters) and MES-3A & MES-3B (two larger subsets, not shown here). Note that MES-2 includes every character in MES-1 and WGL-4.
MES-3A combines which two other sets?
MES-3A combines which two other sets?
[ "MES-3A combines which two other sets?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-102988
5acd276d07355d001abf370a
Unicode
Several subsets of Unicode are standardized: Microsoft Windows since Windows NT 4.0 supports WGL-4 with 652 characters, which is considered to support all contemporary European languages using the Latin, Greek, or Cyrillic script. Other standardized subsets of Unicode include the Multilingual European Subsets: MES-1 (Latin scripts only, 335 characters), MES-2 (Latin, Greek and Cyrillic 1062 characters) and MES-3A & MES-3B (two larger subsets, not shown here). Note that MES-2 includes every character in MES-1 and WGL-4.
What subset only uses the Greek script?
What subset only uses the Greek script?
[ "What subset only uses the Greek script?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-102989
57280ea3ff5b5019007d9bf6
Unicode
Rendering software which cannot process a Unicode character appropriately often displays it as an open rectangle, or the Unicode "replacement character" (U+FFFD, �), to indicate the position of the unrecognized character. Some systems have made attempts to provide more information about such characters. The Apple's Last Resort font will display a substitute glyph indicating the Unicode range of the character, and the SIL International's Unicode Fallback font will display a box showing the hexadecimal scalar value of the character.
What does rendering software display when it can't process a Unicode character?
What does rendering software display when it can't process a Unicode character?
[ "What does rendering software display when it can't process a Unicode character? " ]
{ "text": [ "open rectangle, or the Unicode \"replacement character\"" ], "answer_start": [ 98 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-102990
57280ea3ff5b5019007d9bf7
Unicode
Rendering software which cannot process a Unicode character appropriately often displays it as an open rectangle, or the Unicode "replacement character" (U+FFFD, �), to indicate the position of the unrecognized character. Some systems have made attempts to provide more information about such characters. The Apple's Last Resort font will display a substitute glyph indicating the Unicode range of the character, and the SIL International's Unicode Fallback font will display a box showing the hexadecimal scalar value of the character.
What is the code for the Unicode replacement character?
What is the code for the Unicode replacement character?
[ "What is the code for the Unicode replacement character? " ]
{ "text": [ "U+FFFD" ], "answer_start": [ 154 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-102991
57280ea3ff5b5019007d9bf8
Unicode
Rendering software which cannot process a Unicode character appropriately often displays it as an open rectangle, or the Unicode "replacement character" (U+FFFD, �), to indicate the position of the unrecognized character. Some systems have made attempts to provide more information about such characters. The Apple's Last Resort font will display a substitute glyph indicating the Unicode range of the character, and the SIL International's Unicode Fallback font will display a box showing the hexadecimal scalar value of the character.
What is the name of Apple's font?
What is the name of Apple's font?
[ "What is the name of Apple's font? " ]
{ "text": [ "Last Resort" ], "answer_start": [ 317 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-102992
57280ea3ff5b5019007d9bf9
Unicode
Rendering software which cannot process a Unicode character appropriately often displays it as an open rectangle, or the Unicode "replacement character" (U+FFFD, �), to indicate the position of the unrecognized character. Some systems have made attempts to provide more information about such characters. The Apple's Last Resort font will display a substitute glyph indicating the Unicode range of the character, and the SIL International's Unicode Fallback font will display a box showing the hexadecimal scalar value of the character.
What does SIL's Unicode Fallback font display when it can't display a character properly?
What does SIL's Unicode Fallback font display when it can't display a character properly?
[ "What does SIL's Unicode Fallback font display when it can't display a character properly? " ]
{ "text": [ "a box showing the hexadecimal scalar value of the character" ], "answer_start": [ 476 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-102993
57280ea3ff5b5019007d9bfa
Unicode
Rendering software which cannot process a Unicode character appropriately often displays it as an open rectangle, or the Unicode "replacement character" (U+FFFD, �), to indicate the position of the unrecognized character. Some systems have made attempts to provide more information about such characters. The Apple's Last Resort font will display a substitute glyph indicating the Unicode range of the character, and the SIL International's Unicode Fallback font will display a box showing the hexadecimal scalar value of the character.
What company uses the Unicode Fallback font?
What company uses the Unicode Fallback font?
[ "What company uses the Unicode Fallback font? " ]
{ "text": [ "SIL International" ], "answer_start": [ 421 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-102994
5acd29f507355d001abf3772
Unicode
Rendering software which cannot process a Unicode character appropriately often displays it as an open rectangle, or the Unicode "replacement character" (U+FFFD, �), to indicate the position of the unrecognized character. Some systems have made attempts to provide more information about such characters. The Apple's Last Resort font will display a substitute glyph indicating the Unicode range of the character, and the SIL International's Unicode Fallback font will display a box showing the hexadecimal scalar value of the character.
What is the Unicode for an open rectangle?
What is the Unicode for an open rectangle?
[ "What is the Unicode for an open rectangle?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-102995
5acd29f507355d001abf3773
Unicode
Rendering software which cannot process a Unicode character appropriately often displays it as an open rectangle, or the Unicode "replacement character" (U+FFFD, �), to indicate the position of the unrecognized character. Some systems have made attempts to provide more information about such characters. The Apple's Last Resort font will display a substitute glyph indicating the Unicode range of the character, and the SIL International's Unicode Fallback font will display a box showing the hexadecimal scalar value of the character.
What company uses U+FFFD?
What company uses U+FFFD?
[ "What company uses U+FFFD?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-102996
5acd29f507355d001abf3774
Unicode
Rendering software which cannot process a Unicode character appropriately often displays it as an open rectangle, or the Unicode "replacement character" (U+FFFD, �), to indicate the position of the unrecognized character. Some systems have made attempts to provide more information about such characters. The Apple's Last Resort font will display a substitute glyph indicating the Unicode range of the character, and the SIL International's Unicode Fallback font will display a box showing the hexadecimal scalar value of the character.
What is the glyph that Apple's Last Resort font displays?
What is the glyph that Apple's Last Resort font displays?
[ "What is the glyph that Apple's Last Resort font displays?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-102997
5acd29f507355d001abf3775
Unicode
Rendering software which cannot process a Unicode character appropriately often displays it as an open rectangle, or the Unicode "replacement character" (U+FFFD, �), to indicate the position of the unrecognized character. Some systems have made attempts to provide more information about such characters. The Apple's Last Resort font will display a substitute glyph indicating the Unicode range of the character, and the SIL International's Unicode Fallback font will display a box showing the hexadecimal scalar value of the character.
What software by SIL cannot process unicode characters?
What software by SIL cannot process unicode characters?
[ "What software by SIL cannot process unicode characters?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-102998
57280fad3acd2414000df365
Unicode
Unicode has become the dominant scheme for internal processing and storage of text. Although a great deal of text is still stored in legacy encodings, Unicode is used almost exclusively for building new information processing systems. Early adopters tended to use UCS-2 (the fixed-width two-byte precursor to UTF-16) and later moved to UTF-16 (the variable-width current standard), as this was the least disruptive way to add support for non-BMP characters. The best known such system is Windows NT (and its descendants, Windows 2000, Windows XP, Windows Vista and Windows 7), which uses UTF-16 as the sole internal character encoding. The Java and .NET bytecode environments, Mac OS X, and KDE also use it for internal representation. Unicode is available on Windows 95 through Microsoft Layer for Unicode, as well as on its descendants, Windows 98 and Windows ME.
What is the dominant scheme for internal processing?
What is the dominant scheme for internal processing?
[ "What is the dominant scheme for internal processing? " ]
{ "text": [ "Unicode" ], "answer_start": [ 0 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-102999
57280fad3acd2414000df366
Unicode
Unicode has become the dominant scheme for internal processing and storage of text. Although a great deal of text is still stored in legacy encodings, Unicode is used almost exclusively for building new information processing systems. Early adopters tended to use UCS-2 (the fixed-width two-byte precursor to UTF-16) and later moved to UTF-16 (the variable-width current standard), as this was the least disruptive way to add support for non-BMP characters. The best known such system is Windows NT (and its descendants, Windows 2000, Windows XP, Windows Vista and Windows 7), which uses UTF-16 as the sole internal character encoding. The Java and .NET bytecode environments, Mac OS X, and KDE also use it for internal representation. Unicode is available on Windows 95 through Microsoft Layer for Unicode, as well as on its descendants, Windows 98 and Windows ME.
What is Unicode available through Windows on?
What is Unicode available through Windows on?
[ "What is Unicode available through Windows on? " ]
{ "text": [ "Microsoft Layer" ], "answer_start": [ 779 ] }