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gem-squad_v2-train-109300
5727a4574b864d1900163924
Carnival
A uniquely Creole tradition is the touloulous. These women wear decorative gowns, gloves, masks and headdresses that cover them completely, making them unrecognisable, even to the colour of their skin. On Friday and Saturday nights of Carnival, touloulou balls are held in so-called universities; in reality, large dance halls that open only at Carnival time. Touloulous get in free, and are even given condoms in the interest of the sexual health of the community. Men attend the balls, but they pay admittance and are not disguised. The touloulous pick their dance partners, who may not refuse. The setup is designed to make it easy for a woman to create a temporary liaison with a man in total anonymity. Undisguised women are not welcomed. By tradition, if such a woman gets up to dance, the orchestra stops playing. Alcohol is served at bars – the disguised women whisper to the men "touloulou thirsty", at which a round of drinks is expected, to be drunk through a straw protect their anonymity.
What is a tradition unique to the Creole people?
What is a tradition unique to the Creole people?
[ "What is a tradition unique to the Creole people?" ]
{ "text": [ "touloulous" ], "answer_start": [ 35 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-109301
5727a4574b864d1900163925
Carnival
A uniquely Creole tradition is the touloulous. These women wear decorative gowns, gloves, masks and headdresses that cover them completely, making them unrecognisable, even to the colour of their skin. On Friday and Saturday nights of Carnival, touloulou balls are held in so-called universities; in reality, large dance halls that open only at Carnival time. Touloulous get in free, and are even given condoms in the interest of the sexual health of the community. Men attend the balls, but they pay admittance and are not disguised. The touloulous pick their dance partners, who may not refuse. The setup is designed to make it easy for a woman to create a temporary liaison with a man in total anonymity. Undisguised women are not welcomed. By tradition, if such a woman gets up to dance, the orchestra stops playing. Alcohol is served at bars – the disguised women whisper to the men "touloulou thirsty", at which a round of drinks is expected, to be drunk through a straw protect their anonymity.
Why are Touloulous given free condoms?
Why are Touloulous given free condoms?
[ "Why are Touloulous given free condoms?" ]
{ "text": [ "in the interest of the sexual health" ], "answer_start": [ 411 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-109302
5727a4574b864d1900163926
Carnival
A uniquely Creole tradition is the touloulous. These women wear decorative gowns, gloves, masks and headdresses that cover them completely, making them unrecognisable, even to the colour of their skin. On Friday and Saturday nights of Carnival, touloulou balls are held in so-called universities; in reality, large dance halls that open only at Carnival time. Touloulous get in free, and are even given condoms in the interest of the sexual health of the community. Men attend the balls, but they pay admittance and are not disguised. The touloulous pick their dance partners, who may not refuse. The setup is designed to make it easy for a woman to create a temporary liaison with a man in total anonymity. Undisguised women are not welcomed. By tradition, if such a woman gets up to dance, the orchestra stops playing. Alcohol is served at bars – the disguised women whisper to the men "touloulou thirsty", at which a round of drinks is expected, to be drunk through a straw protect their anonymity.
What do men have to do to be allowed into the balls?
What do men have to do to be allowed into the balls?
[ "What do men have to do to be allowed into the balls?" ]
{ "text": [ "pay admittance" ], "answer_start": [ 497 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-109303
5727a4574b864d1900163927
Carnival
A uniquely Creole tradition is the touloulous. These women wear decorative gowns, gloves, masks and headdresses that cover them completely, making them unrecognisable, even to the colour of their skin. On Friday and Saturday nights of Carnival, touloulou balls are held in so-called universities; in reality, large dance halls that open only at Carnival time. Touloulous get in free, and are even given condoms in the interest of the sexual health of the community. Men attend the balls, but they pay admittance and are not disguised. The touloulous pick their dance partners, who may not refuse. The setup is designed to make it easy for a woman to create a temporary liaison with a man in total anonymity. Undisguised women are not welcomed. By tradition, if such a woman gets up to dance, the orchestra stops playing. Alcohol is served at bars – the disguised women whisper to the men "touloulou thirsty", at which a round of drinks is expected, to be drunk through a straw protect their anonymity.
What are the touloulous' dance partners not allowed to do?
What are the touloulous' dance partners not allowed to do?
[ "What are the touloulous' dance partners not allowed to do?" ]
{ "text": [ "refuse" ], "answer_start": [ 589 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-109304
5727a4574b864d1900163928
Carnival
A uniquely Creole tradition is the touloulous. These women wear decorative gowns, gloves, masks and headdresses that cover them completely, making them unrecognisable, even to the colour of their skin. On Friday and Saturday nights of Carnival, touloulou balls are held in so-called universities; in reality, large dance halls that open only at Carnival time. Touloulous get in free, and are even given condoms in the interest of the sexual health of the community. Men attend the balls, but they pay admittance and are not disguised. The touloulous pick their dance partners, who may not refuse. The setup is designed to make it easy for a woman to create a temporary liaison with a man in total anonymity. Undisguised women are not welcomed. By tradition, if such a woman gets up to dance, the orchestra stops playing. Alcohol is served at bars – the disguised women whisper to the men "touloulou thirsty", at which a round of drinks is expected, to be drunk through a straw protect their anonymity.
Why do the women drink through a straw?
Why do the women drink through a straw?
[ "Why do the women drink through a straw? " ]
{ "text": [ "protect their anonymity" ], "answer_start": [ 977 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-109305
5727a5273acd2414000de8c1
Carnival
Peruvian Carnival incorporates elements of violence and reflects the urban violence in Peruvian society following the internal conflict in Peru. Traditionally, Peruvian Andean festivities were held on this period every year because it is the rainy season. It was already violent during the 19th century, but the government limited the practice. During the early 20th century it consisted partying and parading, while in the second half of the 20th century it acquired violent characteristics that continued. It was banned, first from the streets in 1958 and altogether in 1959 by the Prado government. It consisted basically of water battles in a traditional way,[clarification needed] while in later years it included playing with dirty water, mud, oil and colorants -and also including fighting and sometimes looting private property and sexual assaults on women. It has become an excuse for criminal gangs to rob people while pretending to celebrate. As of 2010, it had become so violent that the government imposed penalties of up to eight years in prison for violence during the games (the games themselves are not forbidden, but using violence during the games or coercing others to participate is).
What does the Peruvian Carnival incorporate elements of?
What does the Peruvian Carnival incorporate elements of?
[ "What does the Peruvian Carnival incorporate elements of?" ]
{ "text": [ "violence" ], "answer_start": [ 43 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-109306
5727a5273acd2414000de8c2
Carnival
Peruvian Carnival incorporates elements of violence and reflects the urban violence in Peruvian society following the internal conflict in Peru. Traditionally, Peruvian Andean festivities were held on this period every year because it is the rainy season. It was already violent during the 19th century, but the government limited the practice. During the early 20th century it consisted partying and parading, while in the second half of the 20th century it acquired violent characteristics that continued. It was banned, first from the streets in 1958 and altogether in 1959 by the Prado government. It consisted basically of water battles in a traditional way,[clarification needed] while in later years it included playing with dirty water, mud, oil and colorants -and also including fighting and sometimes looting private property and sexual assaults on women. It has become an excuse for criminal gangs to rob people while pretending to celebrate. As of 2010, it had become so violent that the government imposed penalties of up to eight years in prison for violence during the games (the games themselves are not forbidden, but using violence during the games or coercing others to participate is).
Why are the festivals in Peru held when they are?
Why are the festivals in Peru held when they are?
[ "Why are the festivals in Peru held when they are?" ]
{ "text": [ "because it is the rainy season" ], "answer_start": [ 224 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-109307
5727a5273acd2414000de8c3
Carnival
Peruvian Carnival incorporates elements of violence and reflects the urban violence in Peruvian society following the internal conflict in Peru. Traditionally, Peruvian Andean festivities were held on this period every year because it is the rainy season. It was already violent during the 19th century, but the government limited the practice. During the early 20th century it consisted partying and parading, while in the second half of the 20th century it acquired violent characteristics that continued. It was banned, first from the streets in 1958 and altogether in 1959 by the Prado government. It consisted basically of water battles in a traditional way,[clarification needed] while in later years it included playing with dirty water, mud, oil and colorants -and also including fighting and sometimes looting private property and sexual assaults on women. It has become an excuse for criminal gangs to rob people while pretending to celebrate. As of 2010, it had become so violent that the government imposed penalties of up to eight years in prison for violence during the games (the games themselves are not forbidden, but using violence during the games or coercing others to participate is).
When did the festivities acquire their violent tendencies?
When did the festivities acquire their violent tendencies?
[ "When did the festivities acquire their violent tendencies?" ]
{ "text": [ "second half of the 20th century" ], "answer_start": [ 424 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-109308
5727a5273acd2414000de8c4
Carnival
Peruvian Carnival incorporates elements of violence and reflects the urban violence in Peruvian society following the internal conflict in Peru. Traditionally, Peruvian Andean festivities were held on this period every year because it is the rainy season. It was already violent during the 19th century, but the government limited the practice. During the early 20th century it consisted partying and parading, while in the second half of the 20th century it acquired violent characteristics that continued. It was banned, first from the streets in 1958 and altogether in 1959 by the Prado government. It consisted basically of water battles in a traditional way,[clarification needed] while in later years it included playing with dirty water, mud, oil and colorants -and also including fighting and sometimes looting private property and sexual assaults on women. It has become an excuse for criminal gangs to rob people while pretending to celebrate. As of 2010, it had become so violent that the government imposed penalties of up to eight years in prison for violence during the games (the games themselves are not forbidden, but using violence during the games or coercing others to participate is).
What is an element of Peruvian's Carnival not found in any other country's celebrations?
What is an element of Peruvian's Carnival not found in any other country's celebrations?
[ "What is an element of Peruvian's Carnival not found in any other country's celebrations?" ]
{ "text": [ "sexual assaults on women" ], "answer_start": [ 840 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-109309
5727a5273acd2414000de8c5
Carnival
Peruvian Carnival incorporates elements of violence and reflects the urban violence in Peruvian society following the internal conflict in Peru. Traditionally, Peruvian Andean festivities were held on this period every year because it is the rainy season. It was already violent during the 19th century, but the government limited the practice. During the early 20th century it consisted partying and parading, while in the second half of the 20th century it acquired violent characteristics that continued. It was banned, first from the streets in 1958 and altogether in 1959 by the Prado government. It consisted basically of water battles in a traditional way,[clarification needed] while in later years it included playing with dirty water, mud, oil and colorants -and also including fighting and sometimes looting private property and sexual assaults on women. It has become an excuse for criminal gangs to rob people while pretending to celebrate. As of 2010, it had become so violent that the government imposed penalties of up to eight years in prison for violence during the games (the games themselves are not forbidden, but using violence during the games or coercing others to participate is).
How many years in prison can someone expect for being violent during the fun and games?
How many years in prison can someone expect for being violent during the fun and games?
[ "How many years in prison can someone expect for being violent during the fun and games?" ]
{ "text": [ "eight" ], "answer_start": [ 1038 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-109310
5727a5dd2ca10214002d92d0
Carnival
The Carnival in Uruguay covers more than 40 days, generally beginning towards the end of January and running through mid March. Celebrations in Montevideo are the largest. The festival is performed in the European parade style with elements from Bantu and Angolan Benguela cultures imported with slaves in colonial times. The main attractions of Uruguayan Carnival include two colorful parades called Desfile de Carnaval (Carnival Parade) and Desfile de Llamadas (Calls Parade, a candombe-summoning parade).
How many days does the Carnival in Uruguay last for?
How many days does the Carnival in Uruguay last for?
[ "How many days does the Carnival in Uruguay last for?" ]
{ "text": [ "more than 40" ], "answer_start": [ 31 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-109311
5727a5dd2ca10214002d92d1
Carnival
The Carnival in Uruguay covers more than 40 days, generally beginning towards the end of January and running through mid March. Celebrations in Montevideo are the largest. The festival is performed in the European parade style with elements from Bantu and Angolan Benguela cultures imported with slaves in colonial times. The main attractions of Uruguayan Carnival include two colorful parades called Desfile de Carnaval (Carnival Parade) and Desfile de Llamadas (Calls Parade, a candombe-summoning parade).
What parade style does Uruguay's festival ape?
What parade style does Uruguay's festival ape?
[ "What parade style does Uruguay's festival ape?" ]
{ "text": [ "European" ], "answer_start": [ 205 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-109312
5727a5dd2ca10214002d92d2
Carnival
The Carnival in Uruguay covers more than 40 days, generally beginning towards the end of January and running through mid March. Celebrations in Montevideo are the largest. The festival is performed in the European parade style with elements from Bantu and Angolan Benguela cultures imported with slaves in colonial times. The main attractions of Uruguayan Carnival include two colorful parades called Desfile de Carnaval (Carnival Parade) and Desfile de Llamadas (Calls Parade, a candombe-summoning parade).
What were the stylistic elements of the parade imported with in colonial times?
What were the stylistic elements of the parade imported with in colonial times?
[ "What were the stylistic elements of the parade imported with in colonial times?" ]
{ "text": [ "slaves" ], "answer_start": [ 296 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-109313
5727a5dd2ca10214002d92d3
Carnival
The Carnival in Uruguay covers more than 40 days, generally beginning towards the end of January and running through mid March. Celebrations in Montevideo are the largest. The festival is performed in the European parade style with elements from Bantu and Angolan Benguela cultures imported with slaves in colonial times. The main attractions of Uruguayan Carnival include two colorful parades called Desfile de Carnaval (Carnival Parade) and Desfile de Llamadas (Calls Parade, a candombe-summoning parade).
What are the main attractions of the Uruguayan Carnival?
What are the main attractions of the Uruguayan Carnival?
[ "What are the main attractions of the Uruguayan Carnival?" ]
{ "text": [ "two colorful parades" ], "answer_start": [ 373 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-109314
5727a5dd2ca10214002d92d4
Carnival
The Carnival in Uruguay covers more than 40 days, generally beginning towards the end of January and running through mid March. Celebrations in Montevideo are the largest. The festival is performed in the European parade style with elements from Bantu and Angolan Benguela cultures imported with slaves in colonial times. The main attractions of Uruguayan Carnival include two colorful parades called Desfile de Carnaval (Carnival Parade) and Desfile de Llamadas (Calls Parade, a candombe-summoning parade).
What is summoned by the Desfile de Llamadas parade?
What is summoned by the Desfile de Llamadas parade?
[ "What is summoned by the Desfile de Llamadas parade?" ]
{ "text": [ "candombe" ], "answer_start": [ 480 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-109315
5727a6bf2ca10214002d92e4
Carnival
During the celebration, theaters called tablados are built in many places throughout the cities, especially in Montevideo. Traditionally formed by men and now starting to be open to women, the different Carnival groups (Murgas, Lubolos or Parodistas) perform a kind of popular opera at the tablados, singing and dancing songs that generally relate to the social and political situation. The 'Calls' groups, basically formed by drummers playing the tamboril, perform candombe rhythmic figures. Revelers wear their festival clothing. Each group has its own theme. Women wearing elegant, bright dresses are called vedettes and provide a sensual touch to parades.
What are built in many places through the cities?
What are built in many places through the cities?
[ "What are built in many places through the cities?" ]
{ "text": [ "tablados" ], "answer_start": [ 40 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-109316
5727a6bf2ca10214002d92e5
Carnival
During the celebration, theaters called tablados are built in many places throughout the cities, especially in Montevideo. Traditionally formed by men and now starting to be open to women, the different Carnival groups (Murgas, Lubolos or Parodistas) perform a kind of popular opera at the tablados, singing and dancing songs that generally relate to the social and political situation. The 'Calls' groups, basically formed by drummers playing the tamboril, perform candombe rhythmic figures. Revelers wear their festival clothing. Each group has its own theme. Women wearing elegant, bright dresses are called vedettes and provide a sensual touch to parades.
What do the different Carnival groups perform together?
What do the different Carnival groups perform together?
[ "What do the different Carnival groups perform together?" ]
{ "text": [ "opera" ], "answer_start": [ 277 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-109317
5727a6bf2ca10214002d92e6
Carnival
During the celebration, theaters called tablados are built in many places throughout the cities, especially in Montevideo. Traditionally formed by men and now starting to be open to women, the different Carnival groups (Murgas, Lubolos or Parodistas) perform a kind of popular opera at the tablados, singing and dancing songs that generally relate to the social and political situation. The 'Calls' groups, basically formed by drummers playing the tamboril, perform candombe rhythmic figures. Revelers wear their festival clothing. Each group has its own theme. Women wearing elegant, bright dresses are called vedettes and provide a sensual touch to parades.
What do the topics of the shows put on at the tablados typically relate to?
What do the topics of the shows put on at the tablados typically relate to?
[ "What do the topics of the shows put on at the tablados typically relate to?" ]
{ "text": [ "the social and political situation" ], "answer_start": [ 351 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-109318
5727a6bf2ca10214002d92e7
Carnival
During the celebration, theaters called tablados are built in many places throughout the cities, especially in Montevideo. Traditionally formed by men and now starting to be open to women, the different Carnival groups (Murgas, Lubolos or Parodistas) perform a kind of popular opera at the tablados, singing and dancing songs that generally relate to the social and political situation. The 'Calls' groups, basically formed by drummers playing the tamboril, perform candombe rhythmic figures. Revelers wear their festival clothing. Each group has its own theme. Women wearing elegant, bright dresses are called vedettes and provide a sensual touch to parades.
What type of rhythmic figures are performed by the drummers playing the tamboril?
What type of rhythmic figures are performed by the drummers playing the tamboril?
[ "What type of rhythmic figures are performed by the drummers playing the tamboril?" ]
{ "text": [ "candombe" ], "answer_start": [ 466 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-109319
5727a6bf2ca10214002d92e8
Carnival
During the celebration, theaters called tablados are built in many places throughout the cities, especially in Montevideo. Traditionally formed by men and now starting to be open to women, the different Carnival groups (Murgas, Lubolos or Parodistas) perform a kind of popular opera at the tablados, singing and dancing songs that generally relate to the social and political situation. The 'Calls' groups, basically formed by drummers playing the tamboril, perform candombe rhythmic figures. Revelers wear their festival clothing. Each group has its own theme. Women wearing elegant, bright dresses are called vedettes and provide a sensual touch to parades.
What sort of touch do the vedettes provide to the parades?
What sort of touch do the vedettes provide to the parades?
[ "What sort of touch do the vedettes provide to the parades?" ]
{ "text": [ "sensual" ], "answer_start": [ 634 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-109320
56ddd7179a695914005b9600
Dutch_Republic
The Dutch Republic, also known as the Republic of the Seven United Netherlands (Republiek der Zeven Verenigde Nederlanden), Republic of the United Netherlands or Republic of the Seven United Provinces (Republiek der Zeven Verenigde Provinciën), was a republic in Europe existing from 1581, when part of the Netherlands separated from Spanish rule, until 1795. It preceded the Batavian Republic, the Kingdom of Holland, the United Kingdom of the Netherlands, and ultimately the modern Kingdom of the Netherlands. Alternative names include the United Provinces (Verenigde Provinciën), Federated Dutch Provinces (Foederatae Belgii Provinciae), and Dutch Federation (Belgica Foederata).
What are some other names the Dutch Republic is known by?
What are some other names the Dutch Republic is known by?
[ "What are some other names the Dutch Republic is known by?" ]
{ "text": [ "the United Provinces (Verenigde Provinciën), Federated Dutch Provinces (Foederatae Belgii Provinciae), and Dutch Federation (Belgica Foederata)" ], "answer_start": [ 538 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-109321
56ddd7179a695914005b9601
Dutch_Republic
The Dutch Republic, also known as the Republic of the Seven United Netherlands (Republiek der Zeven Verenigde Nederlanden), Republic of the United Netherlands or Republic of the Seven United Provinces (Republiek der Zeven Verenigde Provinciën), was a republic in Europe existing from 1581, when part of the Netherlands separated from Spanish rule, until 1795. It preceded the Batavian Republic, the Kingdom of Holland, the United Kingdom of the Netherlands, and ultimately the modern Kingdom of the Netherlands. Alternative names include the United Provinces (Verenigde Provinciën), Federated Dutch Provinces (Foederatae Belgii Provinciae), and Dutch Federation (Belgica Foederata).
The Dutch Republic was a republic of Europe during what time?
The Dutch Republic was a republic of Europe during what time?
[ "The Dutch Republic was a republic of Europe during what time?" ]
{ "text": [ "from 1581, when part of the Netherlands separated from Spanish rule, until 1795" ], "answer_start": [ 279 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-109322
56ddd7179a695914005b9602
Dutch_Republic
The Dutch Republic, also known as the Republic of the Seven United Netherlands (Republiek der Zeven Verenigde Nederlanden), Republic of the United Netherlands or Republic of the Seven United Provinces (Republiek der Zeven Verenigde Provinciën), was a republic in Europe existing from 1581, when part of the Netherlands separated from Spanish rule, until 1795. It preceded the Batavian Republic, the Kingdom of Holland, the United Kingdom of the Netherlands, and ultimately the modern Kingdom of the Netherlands. Alternative names include the United Provinces (Verenigde Provinciën), Federated Dutch Provinces (Foederatae Belgii Provinciae), and Dutch Federation (Belgica Foederata).
What republics did the Dutch Republic come before?
What republics did the Dutch Republic come before?
[ "What republics did the Dutch Republic come before?" ]
{ "text": [ "Batavian Republic, the Kingdom of Holland, the United Kingdom of the Netherlands, and ultimately the modern Kingdom of the Netherlands" ], "answer_start": [ 376 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-109323
5a11bc6f06e79900185c3537
Dutch_Republic
The Dutch Republic, also known as the Republic of the Seven United Netherlands (Republiek der Zeven Verenigde Nederlanden), Republic of the United Netherlands or Republic of the Seven United Provinces (Republiek der Zeven Verenigde Provinciën), was a republic in Europe existing from 1581, when part of the Netherlands separated from Spanish rule, until 1795. It preceded the Batavian Republic, the Kingdom of Holland, the United Kingdom of the Netherlands, and ultimately the modern Kingdom of the Netherlands. Alternative names include the United Provinces (Verenigde Provinciën), Federated Dutch Provinces (Foederatae Belgii Provinciae), and Dutch Federation (Belgica Foederata).
What is also known as the Republic of the seventeen United Netherlands?
What is also known as the Republic of the seventeen United Netherlands?
[ "What is also known as the Republic of the seventeen United Netherlands?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-109324
5a11bc6f06e79900185c3538
Dutch_Republic
The Dutch Republic, also known as the Republic of the Seven United Netherlands (Republiek der Zeven Verenigde Nederlanden), Republic of the United Netherlands or Republic of the Seven United Provinces (Republiek der Zeven Verenigde Provinciën), was a republic in Europe existing from 1581, when part of the Netherlands separated from Spanish rule, until 1795. It preceded the Batavian Republic, the Kingdom of Holland, the United Kingdom of the Netherlands, and ultimately the modern Kingdom of the Netherlands. Alternative names include the United Provinces (Verenigde Provinciën), Federated Dutch Provinces (Foederatae Belgii Provinciae), and Dutch Federation (Belgica Foederata).
When did part of Spain separate from the Netherlands?
When did part of Spain separate from the Netherlands?
[ "When did part of Spain separate from the Netherlands?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-109325
5a11bc6f06e79900185c3539
Dutch_Republic
The Dutch Republic, also known as the Republic of the Seven United Netherlands (Republiek der Zeven Verenigde Nederlanden), Republic of the United Netherlands or Republic of the Seven United Provinces (Republiek der Zeven Verenigde Provinciën), was a republic in Europe existing from 1581, when part of the Netherlands separated from Spanish rule, until 1795. It preceded the Batavian Republic, the Kingdom of Holland, the United Kingdom of the Netherlands, and ultimately the modern Kingdom of the Netherlands. Alternative names include the United Provinces (Verenigde Provinciën), Federated Dutch Provinces (Foederatae Belgii Provinciae), and Dutch Federation (Belgica Foederata).
The Batavian Repulic preceded what other Republic?
The Batavian Repulic preceded what other Republic?
[ "The Batavian Repulic preceded what other Republic?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-109326
5a11bc6f06e79900185c353a
Dutch_Republic
The Dutch Republic, also known as the Republic of the Seven United Netherlands (Republiek der Zeven Verenigde Nederlanden), Republic of the United Netherlands or Republic of the Seven United Provinces (Republiek der Zeven Verenigde Provinciën), was a republic in Europe existing from 1581, when part of the Netherlands separated from Spanish rule, until 1795. It preceded the Batavian Republic, the Kingdom of Holland, the United Kingdom of the Netherlands, and ultimately the modern Kingdom of the Netherlands. Alternative names include the United Provinces (Verenigde Provinciën), Federated Dutch Provinces (Foederatae Belgii Provinciae), and Dutch Federation (Belgica Foederata).
What was the Kingdom of the Netherlands later known as?
What was the Kingdom of the Netherlands later known as?
[ "What was the Kingdom of the Netherlands later known as?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-109327
5a1c84fbb4fb5d0018714640
Dutch_Republic
The Dutch Republic, also known as the Republic of the Seven United Netherlands (Republiek der Zeven Verenigde Nederlanden), Republic of the United Netherlands or Republic of the Seven United Provinces (Republiek der Zeven Verenigde Provinciën), was a republic in Europe existing from 1581, when part of the Netherlands separated from Spanish rule, until 1795. It preceded the Batavian Republic, the Kingdom of Holland, the United Kingdom of the Netherlands, and ultimately the modern Kingdom of the Netherlands. Alternative names include the United Provinces (Verenigde Provinciën), Federated Dutch Provinces (Foederatae Belgii Provinciae), and Dutch Federation (Belgica Foederata).
What year marked the beginning of the existence of the Spanish Republic?
What year marked the beginning of the existence of the Spanish Republic?
[ "What year marked the beginning of the existence of the Spanish Republic?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-109328
5a1c84fbb4fb5d0018714641
Dutch_Republic
The Dutch Republic, also known as the Republic of the Seven United Netherlands (Republiek der Zeven Verenigde Nederlanden), Republic of the United Netherlands or Republic of the Seven United Provinces (Republiek der Zeven Verenigde Provinciën), was a republic in Europe existing from 1581, when part of the Netherlands separated from Spanish rule, until 1795. It preceded the Batavian Republic, the Kingdom of Holland, the United Kingdom of the Netherlands, and ultimately the modern Kingdom of the Netherlands. Alternative names include the United Provinces (Verenigde Provinciën), Federated Dutch Provinces (Foederatae Belgii Provinciae), and Dutch Federation (Belgica Foederata).
What republics did the Spanish kingdom come before?
What republics did the Spanish kingdom come before?
[ "What republics did the Spanish kingdom come before?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-109329
5a1c84fbb4fb5d0018714642
Dutch_Republic
The Dutch Republic, also known as the Republic of the Seven United Netherlands (Republiek der Zeven Verenigde Nederlanden), Republic of the United Netherlands or Republic of the Seven United Provinces (Republiek der Zeven Verenigde Provinciën), was a republic in Europe existing from 1581, when part of the Netherlands separated from Spanish rule, until 1795. It preceded the Batavian Republic, the Kingdom of Holland, the United Kingdom of the Netherlands, and ultimately the modern Kingdom of the Netherlands. Alternative names include the United Provinces (Verenigde Provinciën), Federated Dutch Provinces (Foederatae Belgii Provinciae), and Dutch Federation (Belgica Foederata).
What are some other names the Batvian Republic is known by?
What are some other names the Batvian Republic is known by?
[ "What are some other names the Batvian Republic is known by?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-109330
5a1c84fbb4fb5d0018714643
Dutch_Republic
The Dutch Republic, also known as the Republic of the Seven United Netherlands (Republiek der Zeven Verenigde Nederlanden), Republic of the United Netherlands or Republic of the Seven United Provinces (Republiek der Zeven Verenigde Provinciën), was a republic in Europe existing from 1581, when part of the Netherlands separated from Spanish rule, until 1795. It preceded the Batavian Republic, the Kingdom of Holland, the United Kingdom of the Netherlands, and ultimately the modern Kingdom of the Netherlands. Alternative names include the United Provinces (Verenigde Provinciën), Federated Dutch Provinces (Foederatae Belgii Provinciae), and Dutch Federation (Belgica Foederata).
During what period was the Kingdom of Holland a republic of Europe?
During what period was the Kingdom of Holland a republic of Europe?
[ "During what period was the Kingdom of Holland a republic of Europe?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-109331
5a1c84fbb4fb5d0018714644
Dutch_Republic
The Dutch Republic, also known as the Republic of the Seven United Netherlands (Republiek der Zeven Verenigde Nederlanden), Republic of the United Netherlands or Republic of the Seven United Provinces (Republiek der Zeven Verenigde Provinciën), was a republic in Europe existing from 1581, when part of the Netherlands separated from Spanish rule, until 1795. It preceded the Batavian Republic, the Kingdom of Holland, the United Kingdom of the Netherlands, and ultimately the modern Kingdom of the Netherlands. Alternative names include the United Provinces (Verenigde Provinciën), Federated Dutch Provinces (Foederatae Belgii Provinciae), and Dutch Federation (Belgica Foederata).
Name one name the Batvian Republic is also known as?
Name one name the Batvian Republic is also known as?
[ "Name one name the Batvian Republic is also known as?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-109332
56ddd84066d3e219004dad1f
Dutch_Republic
Until the 16th century, the Low Countries – corresponding roughly to the present-day Netherlands, Belgium, and Luxembourg – consisted of a number of duchies, counties, and Prince-bishoprics, almost all of which were under the supremacy of the Holy Roman Empire, with the exception of the county of Flanders, which was under the Kingdom of France.
The Low Countries were made up of which present day countries?
The Low Countries were made up of which present day countries?
[ "The Low Countries were made up of which present day countries?" ]
{ "text": [ "Netherlands, Belgium, and Luxembourg" ], "answer_start": [ 85 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-109333
56ddd84066d3e219004dad20
Dutch_Republic
Until the 16th century, the Low Countries – corresponding roughly to the present-day Netherlands, Belgium, and Luxembourg – consisted of a number of duchies, counties, and Prince-bishoprics, almost all of which were under the supremacy of the Holy Roman Empire, with the exception of the county of Flanders, which was under the Kingdom of France.
Which counties in the Low Countries were not ruled by the Holy Roman Empire?
Which counties in the Low Countries were not ruled by the Holy Roman Empire?
[ "Which counties in the Low Countries were not ruled by the Holy Roman Empire?" ]
{ "text": [ "Flanders" ], "answer_start": [ 298 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-109334
5a11be2006e79900185c353f
Dutch_Republic
Until the 16th century, the Low Countries – corresponding roughly to the present-day Netherlands, Belgium, and Luxembourg – consisted of a number of duchies, counties, and Prince-bishoprics, almost all of which were under the supremacy of the Holy Roman Empire, with the exception of the county of Flanders, which was under the Kingdom of France.
What countries were considered part of the low countries after the sixteenth century?
What countries were considered part of the low countries after the sixteenth century?
[ "What countries were considered part of the low countries after the sixteenth century?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-109335
5a11be2006e79900185c3540
Dutch_Republic
Until the 16th century, the Low Countries – corresponding roughly to the present-day Netherlands, Belgium, and Luxembourg – consisted of a number of duchies, counties, and Prince-bishoprics, almost all of which were under the supremacy of the Holy Roman Empire, with the exception of the county of Flanders, which was under the Kingdom of France.
What were ruled by the Roman Empire?
What were ruled by the Roman Empire?
[ "What were ruled by the Roman Empire?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-109336
5a11be2006e79900185c3541
Dutch_Republic
Until the 16th century, the Low Countries – corresponding roughly to the present-day Netherlands, Belgium, and Luxembourg – consisted of a number of duchies, counties, and Prince-bishoprics, almost all of which were under the supremacy of the Holy Roman Empire, with the exception of the county of Flanders, which was under the Kingdom of France.
Which Empire ruled the county of Flanders?
Which Empire ruled the county of Flanders?
[ "Which Empire ruled the county of Flanders?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-109337
5a11be2006e79900185c3542
Dutch_Republic
Until the 16th century, the Low Countries – corresponding roughly to the present-day Netherlands, Belgium, and Luxembourg – consisted of a number of duchies, counties, and Prince-bishoprics, almost all of which were under the supremacy of the Holy Roman Empire, with the exception of the county of Flanders, which was under the Kingdom of France.
What kingdom was a holy Roman empire under?
What kingdom was a holy Roman empire under?
[ "What kingdom was a holy Roman empire under?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-109338
5a1c8751b4fb5d001871465e
Dutch_Republic
Until the 16th century, the Low Countries – corresponding roughly to the present-day Netherlands, Belgium, and Luxembourg – consisted of a number of duchies, counties, and Prince-bishoprics, almost all of which were under the supremacy of the Holy Roman Empire, with the exception of the county of Flanders, which was under the Kingdom of France.
What three countries were under the Kingdom of France?
What three countries were under the Kingdom of France?
[ "What three countries were under the Kingdom of France?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-109339
5a1c8751b4fb5d001871465f
Dutch_Republic
Until the 16th century, the Low Countries – corresponding roughly to the present-day Netherlands, Belgium, and Luxembourg – consisted of a number of duchies, counties, and Prince-bishoprics, almost all of which were under the supremacy of the Holy Roman Empire, with the exception of the county of Flanders, which was under the Kingdom of France.
What did the Low Countries under the Kingdom of France consist of?
What did the Low Countries under the Kingdom of France consist of?
[ "What did the Low Countries under the Kingdom of France consist of?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-109340
5a1c8751b4fb5d0018714660
Dutch_Republic
Until the 16th century, the Low Countries – corresponding roughly to the present-day Netherlands, Belgium, and Luxembourg – consisted of a number of duchies, counties, and Prince-bishoprics, almost all of which were under the supremacy of the Holy Roman Empire, with the exception of the county of Flanders, which was under the Kingdom of France.
What county was under the Holy Roman Empire?
What county was under the Holy Roman Empire?
[ "What county was under the Holy Roman Empire?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-109341
5a1c8751b4fb5d0018714661
Dutch_Republic
Until the 16th century, the Low Countries – corresponding roughly to the present-day Netherlands, Belgium, and Luxembourg – consisted of a number of duchies, counties, and Prince-bishoprics, almost all of which were under the supremacy of the Holy Roman Empire, with the exception of the county of Flanders, which was under the Kingdom of France.
Until what century was the county of Flanders part of the Low Countries?
Until what century was the county of Flanders part of the Low Countries?
[ "Until what century was the county of Flanders part of the Low Countries?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-109342
5a1c8751b4fb5d0018714662
Dutch_Republic
Until the 16th century, the Low Countries – corresponding roughly to the present-day Netherlands, Belgium, and Luxembourg – consisted of a number of duchies, counties, and Prince-bishoprics, almost all of which were under the supremacy of the Holy Roman Empire, with the exception of the county of Flanders, which was under the Kingdom of France.
Name one type of government the county of Flanders had when under the rule of the Holy Roman Empire?
Name one type of government the county of Flanders had when under the rule of the Holy Roman Empire?
[ "Name one type of government the county of Flanders had when under the rule of the Holy Roman Empire?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-109343
56dddab666d3e219004dad2f
Dutch_Republic
Most of the Low Countries had come under the rule of the House of Burgundy and subsequently the House of Habsburg. In 1549 Holy Roman Emperor Charles V issued the Pragmatic Sanction, which further unified the Seventeen Provinces under his rule. Charles was succeeded by his son, King Philip II of Spain. In 1568 the Netherlands, led by William I of Orange, revolted against Philip II because of high taxes, persecution of Protestants by the government, and Philip's efforts to modernize and centralize the devolved-medieval government structures of the provinces. This was the start of the Eighty Years' War.
The majority of the Low Countries were ruled by which houses?
The majority of the Low Countries were ruled by which houses?
[ "The majority of the Low Countries were ruled by which houses?" ]
{ "text": [ "the House of Burgundy and subsequently the House of Habsburg" ], "answer_start": [ 53 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-109344
56dddab666d3e219004dad30
Dutch_Republic
Most of the Low Countries had come under the rule of the House of Burgundy and subsequently the House of Habsburg. In 1549 Holy Roman Emperor Charles V issued the Pragmatic Sanction, which further unified the Seventeen Provinces under his rule. Charles was succeeded by his son, King Philip II of Spain. In 1568 the Netherlands, led by William I of Orange, revolted against Philip II because of high taxes, persecution of Protestants by the government, and Philip's efforts to modernize and centralize the devolved-medieval government structures of the provinces. This was the start of the Eighty Years' War.
Who issued the Pragmatic Sanction?
Who issued the Pragmatic Sanction?
[ "Who issued the Pragmatic Sanction?" ]
{ "text": [ "Holy Roman Emperor Charles V" ], "answer_start": [ 123 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-109345
56dddab666d3e219004dad31
Dutch_Republic
Most of the Low Countries had come under the rule of the House of Burgundy and subsequently the House of Habsburg. In 1549 Holy Roman Emperor Charles V issued the Pragmatic Sanction, which further unified the Seventeen Provinces under his rule. Charles was succeeded by his son, King Philip II of Spain. In 1568 the Netherlands, led by William I of Orange, revolted against Philip II because of high taxes, persecution of Protestants by the government, and Philip's efforts to modernize and centralize the devolved-medieval government structures of the provinces. This was the start of the Eighty Years' War.
In what year did the Netherlands rise up against Philip II?
In what year did the Netherlands rise up against Philip II?
[ "In what year did the Netherlands rise up against Philip II?" ]
{ "text": [ "1568" ], "answer_start": [ 307 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-109346
56dddab666d3e219004dad32
Dutch_Republic
Most of the Low Countries had come under the rule of the House of Burgundy and subsequently the House of Habsburg. In 1549 Holy Roman Emperor Charles V issued the Pragmatic Sanction, which further unified the Seventeen Provinces under his rule. Charles was succeeded by his son, King Philip II of Spain. In 1568 the Netherlands, led by William I of Orange, revolted against Philip II because of high taxes, persecution of Protestants by the government, and Philip's efforts to modernize and centralize the devolved-medieval government structures of the provinces. This was the start of the Eighty Years' War.
Why did the people of the Netherlands rise up against Philip II?
Why did the people of the Netherlands rise up against Philip II?
[ "Why did the people of the Netherlands rise up against Philip II?" ]
{ "text": [ "high taxes, persecution of Protestants by the government, and Philip's efforts to modernize and centralize the devolved-medieval government structures of the provinces" ], "answer_start": [ 395 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-109347
5a11c08c06e79900185c3547
Dutch_Republic
Most of the Low Countries had come under the rule of the House of Burgundy and subsequently the House of Habsburg. In 1549 Holy Roman Emperor Charles V issued the Pragmatic Sanction, which further unified the Seventeen Provinces under his rule. Charles was succeeded by his son, King Philip II of Spain. In 1568 the Netherlands, led by William I of Orange, revolted against Philip II because of high taxes, persecution of Protestants by the government, and Philip's efforts to modernize and centralize the devolved-medieval government structures of the provinces. This was the start of the Eighty Years' War.
The low countries ruled most of what two houses?
The low countries ruled most of what two houses?
[ "The low countries ruled most of what two houses?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-109348
5a11c08c06e79900185c3548
Dutch_Republic
Most of the Low Countries had come under the rule of the House of Burgundy and subsequently the House of Habsburg. In 1549 Holy Roman Emperor Charles V issued the Pragmatic Sanction, which further unified the Seventeen Provinces under his rule. Charles was succeeded by his son, King Philip II of Spain. In 1568 the Netherlands, led by William I of Orange, revolted against Philip II because of high taxes, persecution of Protestants by the government, and Philip's efforts to modernize and centralize the devolved-medieval government structures of the provinces. This was the start of the Eighty Years' War.
What did Charles V block in 1549?
What did Charles V block in 1549?
[ "What did Charles V block in 1549?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-109349
5a11c08c06e79900185c3549
Dutch_Republic
Most of the Low Countries had come under the rule of the House of Burgundy and subsequently the House of Habsburg. In 1549 Holy Roman Emperor Charles V issued the Pragmatic Sanction, which further unified the Seventeen Provinces under his rule. Charles was succeeded by his son, King Philip II of Spain. In 1568 the Netherlands, led by William I of Orange, revolted against Philip II because of high taxes, persecution of Protestants by the government, and Philip's efforts to modernize and centralize the devolved-medieval government structures of the provinces. This was the start of the Eighty Years' War.
What further fragment of the seventeen provinces?
What further fragment of the seventeen provinces?
[ "What further fragment of the seventeen provinces?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-109350
5a11c08c06e79900185c354a
Dutch_Republic
Most of the Low Countries had come under the rule of the House of Burgundy and subsequently the House of Habsburg. In 1549 Holy Roman Emperor Charles V issued the Pragmatic Sanction, which further unified the Seventeen Provinces under his rule. Charles was succeeded by his son, King Philip II of Spain. In 1568 the Netherlands, led by William I of Orange, revolted against Philip II because of high taxes, persecution of Protestants by the government, and Philip's efforts to modernize and centralize the devolved-medieval government structures of the provinces. This was the start of the Eighty Years' War.
When did Philip II conquer the Netherlands?
When did Philip II conquer the Netherlands?
[ "When did Philip II conquer the Netherlands?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-109351
5a11c08c06e79900185c354b
Dutch_Republic
Most of the Low Countries had come under the rule of the House of Burgundy and subsequently the House of Habsburg. In 1549 Holy Roman Emperor Charles V issued the Pragmatic Sanction, which further unified the Seventeen Provinces under his rule. Charles was succeeded by his son, King Philip II of Spain. In 1568 the Netherlands, led by William I of Orange, revolted against Philip II because of high taxes, persecution of Protestants by the government, and Philip's efforts to modernize and centralize the devolved-medieval government structures of the provinces. This was the start of the Eighty Years' War.
What war ended with a revolt led by William I
What war ended with a revolt led by William I
[ "What war ended with a revolt led by William I" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-109352
5a1c89fcb4fb5d001871468c
Dutch_Republic
Most of the Low Countries had come under the rule of the House of Burgundy and subsequently the House of Habsburg. In 1549 Holy Roman Emperor Charles V issued the Pragmatic Sanction, which further unified the Seventeen Provinces under his rule. Charles was succeeded by his son, King Philip II of Spain. In 1568 the Netherlands, led by William I of Orange, revolted against Philip II because of high taxes, persecution of Protestants by the government, and Philip's efforts to modernize and centralize the devolved-medieval government structures of the provinces. This was the start of the Eighty Years' War.
When did the House of Burgundy issue the Pragmatic Sanction?
When did the House of Burgundy issue the Pragmatic Sanction?
[ "When did the House of Burgundy issue the Pragmatic Sanction?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-109353
5a1c89fcb4fb5d001871468d
Dutch_Republic
Most of the Low Countries had come under the rule of the House of Burgundy and subsequently the House of Habsburg. In 1549 Holy Roman Emperor Charles V issued the Pragmatic Sanction, which further unified the Seventeen Provinces under his rule. Charles was succeeded by his son, King Philip II of Spain. In 1568 the Netherlands, led by William I of Orange, revolted against Philip II because of high taxes, persecution of Protestants by the government, and Philip's efforts to modernize and centralize the devolved-medieval government structures of the provinces. This was the start of the Eighty Years' War.
What did modernizing the government structures do to the Low Countries status?
What did modernizing the government structures do to the Low Countries status?
[ "What did modernizing the government structures do to the Low Countries status?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-109354
5a1c89fcb4fb5d001871468e
Dutch_Republic
Most of the Low Countries had come under the rule of the House of Burgundy and subsequently the House of Habsburg. In 1549 Holy Roman Emperor Charles V issued the Pragmatic Sanction, which further unified the Seventeen Provinces under his rule. Charles was succeeded by his son, King Philip II of Spain. In 1568 the Netherlands, led by William I of Orange, revolted against Philip II because of high taxes, persecution of Protestants by the government, and Philip's efforts to modernize and centralize the devolved-medieval government structures of the provinces. This was the start of the Eighty Years' War.
When did the House of Burgundy revolt against Philip II?
When did the House of Burgundy revolt against Philip II?
[ "When did the House of Burgundy revolt against Philip II?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-109355
5a1c89fcb4fb5d001871468f
Dutch_Republic
Most of the Low Countries had come under the rule of the House of Burgundy and subsequently the House of Habsburg. In 1549 Holy Roman Emperor Charles V issued the Pragmatic Sanction, which further unified the Seventeen Provinces under his rule. Charles was succeeded by his son, King Philip II of Spain. In 1568 the Netherlands, led by William I of Orange, revolted against Philip II because of high taxes, persecution of Protestants by the government, and Philip's efforts to modernize and centralize the devolved-medieval government structures of the provinces. This was the start of the Eighty Years' War.
Name two reasons why the Low Countries turned against Philip II?
Name two reasons why the Low Countries turned against Philip II?
[ "Name two reasons why the Low Countries turned against Philip II?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-109356
5a1c89fcb4fb5d0018714690
Dutch_Republic
Most of the Low Countries had come under the rule of the House of Burgundy and subsequently the House of Habsburg. In 1549 Holy Roman Emperor Charles V issued the Pragmatic Sanction, which further unified the Seventeen Provinces under his rule. Charles was succeeded by his son, King Philip II of Spain. In 1568 the Netherlands, led by William I of Orange, revolted against Philip II because of high taxes, persecution of Protestants by the government, and Philip's efforts to modernize and centralize the devolved-medieval government structures of the provinces. This was the start of the Eighty Years' War.
What event started after the revolt let by King Philip II of Spain?
What event started after the revolt let by King Philip II of Spain?
[ "What event started after the revolt let by King Philip II of Spain?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-109357
56dddb4466d3e219004dad37
Dutch_Republic
In 1579 a number of the northern provinces of the Low Countries signed the Union of Utrecht, in which they promised to support each other in their defence against the Spanish army. This was followed in 1581 by the Act of Abjuration, the declaration of independence of the provinces from Philip II.
In what year was the Union of Utrecht signed?
In what year was the Union of Utrecht signed?
[ "In what year was the Union of Utrecht signed?" ]
{ "text": [ "1579" ], "answer_start": [ 3 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-109358
56dddb4466d3e219004dad38
Dutch_Republic
In 1579 a number of the northern provinces of the Low Countries signed the Union of Utrecht, in which they promised to support each other in their defence against the Spanish army. This was followed in 1581 by the Act of Abjuration, the declaration of independence of the provinces from Philip II.
Who signed the Union of Utrecht?
Who signed the Union of Utrecht?
[ "Who signed the Union of Utrecht?" ]
{ "text": [ "a number of the northern provinces of the Low Countries" ], "answer_start": [ 8 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-109359
56dddb4466d3e219004dad39
Dutch_Republic
In 1579 a number of the northern provinces of the Low Countries signed the Union of Utrecht, in which they promised to support each other in their defence against the Spanish army. This was followed in 1581 by the Act of Abjuration, the declaration of independence of the provinces from Philip II.
What was the declaration of independence of the provinces from Philip II called?
What was the declaration of independence of the provinces from Philip II called?
[ "What was the declaration of independence of the provinces from Philip II called?" ]
{ "text": [ "the Act of Abjuration" ], "answer_start": [ 210 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-109360
56dddb4466d3e219004dad3a
Dutch_Republic
In 1579 a number of the northern provinces of the Low Countries signed the Union of Utrecht, in which they promised to support each other in their defence against the Spanish army. This was followed in 1581 by the Act of Abjuration, the declaration of independence of the provinces from Philip II.
In what year was the Act of Abjuration signed?
In what year was the Act of Abjuration signed?
[ "In what year was the Act of Abjuration signed?" ]
{ "text": [ "1581" ], "answer_start": [ 202 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-109361
56dddb4466d3e219004dad3b
Dutch_Republic
In 1579 a number of the northern provinces of the Low Countries signed the Union of Utrecht, in which they promised to support each other in their defence against the Spanish army. This was followed in 1581 by the Act of Abjuration, the declaration of independence of the provinces from Philip II.
What was the purpose of the Union of Utrecht?
What was the purpose of the Union of Utrecht?
[ "What was the purpose of the Union of Utrecht?" ]
{ "text": [ "to support each other in their defence against the Spanish army" ], "answer_start": [ 116 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-109362
5a11c1fe06e79900185c3551
Dutch_Republic
In 1579 a number of the northern provinces of the Low Countries signed the Union of Utrecht, in which they promised to support each other in their defence against the Spanish army. This was followed in 1581 by the Act of Abjuration, the declaration of independence of the provinces from Philip II.
In what year did the provinces of the low countries sign the Union of Utrecht?
In what year did the provinces of the low countries sign the Union of Utrecht?
[ "In what year did the provinces of the low countries sign the Union of Utrecht?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-109363
5a11c1fe06e79900185c3552
Dutch_Republic
In 1579 a number of the northern provinces of the Low Countries signed the Union of Utrecht, in which they promised to support each other in their defence against the Spanish army. This was followed in 1581 by the Act of Abjuration, the declaration of independence of the provinces from Philip II.
Who promised to help each other attack the Spanish army?
Who promised to help each other attack the Spanish army?
[ "Who promised to help each other attack the Spanish army?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-109364
5a11c1fe06e79900185c3553
Dutch_Republic
In 1579 a number of the northern provinces of the Low Countries signed the Union of Utrecht, in which they promised to support each other in their defence against the Spanish army. This was followed in 1581 by the Act of Abjuration, the declaration of independence of the provinces from Philip II.
Who declared their independence from Philip II in 1579?
Who declared their independence from Philip II in 1579?
[ "Who declared their independence from Philip II in 1579?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-109365
5a11c1fe06e79900185c3554
Dutch_Republic
In 1579 a number of the northern provinces of the Low Countries signed the Union of Utrecht, in which they promised to support each other in their defence against the Spanish army. This was followed in 1581 by the Act of Abjuration, the declaration of independence of the provinces from Philip II.
Who did the Union of Utrecht declare independence from?
Who did the Union of Utrecht declare independence from?
[ "Who did the Union of Utrecht declare independence from?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-109366
5a11c1fe06e79900185c3555
Dutch_Republic
In 1579 a number of the northern provinces of the Low Countries signed the Union of Utrecht, in which they promised to support each other in their defence against the Spanish army. This was followed in 1581 by the Act of Abjuration, the declaration of independence of the provinces from Philip II.
Who did the provinces promise to support with the Act of Abjuration?
Who did the provinces promise to support with the Act of Abjuration?
[ "Who did the provinces promise to support with the Act of Abjuration?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-109367
5a1cb8fe4ea40d0018b06ecb
Dutch_Republic
In 1579 a number of the northern provinces of the Low Countries signed the Union of Utrecht, in which they promised to support each other in their defence against the Spanish army. This was followed in 1581 by the Act of Abjuration, the declaration of independence of the provinces from Philip II.
In 1581 who signed the Union of Utrecht?
In 1581 who signed the Union of Utrecht?
[ "In 1581 who signed the Union of Utrecht?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-109368
5a1cb8fe4ea40d0018b06ecc
Dutch_Republic
In 1579 a number of the northern provinces of the Low Countries signed the Union of Utrecht, in which they promised to support each other in their defence against the Spanish army. This was followed in 1581 by the Act of Abjuration, the declaration of independence of the provinces from Philip II.
What was the name of the declaration of independence from the Low Countries?
What was the name of the declaration of independence from the Low Countries?
[ "What was the name of the declaration of independence from the Low Countries?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-109369
5a1cb8fe4ea40d0018b06ecd
Dutch_Republic
In 1579 a number of the northern provinces of the Low Countries signed the Union of Utrecht, in which they promised to support each other in their defence against the Spanish army. This was followed in 1581 by the Act of Abjuration, the declaration of independence of the provinces from Philip II.
What did Low Country provinces sign promising to support each other against Philip II?
What did Low Country provinces sign promising to support each other against Philip II?
[ "What did Low Country provinces sign promising to support each other against Philip II?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-109370
5a1cb8fe4ea40d0018b06ece
Dutch_Republic
In 1579 a number of the northern provinces of the Low Countries signed the Union of Utrecht, in which they promised to support each other in their defence against the Spanish army. This was followed in 1581 by the Act of Abjuration, the declaration of independence of the provinces from Philip II.
During what year was the declaration of independence from the Spanish signed?
During what year was the declaration of independence from the Spanish signed?
[ "During what year was the declaration of independence from the Spanish signed?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-109371
5a1cb8fe4ea40d0018b06ecf
Dutch_Republic
In 1579 a number of the northern provinces of the Low Countries signed the Union of Utrecht, in which they promised to support each other in their defence against the Spanish army. This was followed in 1581 by the Act of Abjuration, the declaration of independence of the provinces from Philip II.
Who promised to support each other while defending against Philip II?
Who promised to support each other while defending against Philip II?
[ "Who promised to support each other while defending against Philip II?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-109372
56dddd6766d3e219004dad41
Dutch_Republic
In 1582 the United Provinces invited Francis, Duke of Anjou to lead them; but after a failed attempt to take Antwerp in 1583, the duke left the Netherlands again. After the assassination of William of Orange (10 July 1584), both Henry III of France and Elizabeth I of England declined the offer of sovereignty. However, the latter agreed to turn the United Provinces into a protectorate of England (Treaty of Nonsuch, 1585), and sent the Earl of Leicester as governor-general. This was unsuccessful and in 1588 the provinces became a confederacy. The Union of Utrecht is regarded as the foundation of the Republic of the Seven United Provinces, which was not recognized by the Spanish Empire until the Peace of Westphalia in 1648.
In what year did the United Provinces invite Francis, Duke of Anjou to lead them?
In what year did the United Provinces invite Francis, Duke of Anjou to lead them?
[ "In what year did the United Provinces invite Francis, Duke of Anjou to lead them?" ]
{ "text": [ "1582" ], "answer_start": [ 3 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-109373
56dddd6766d3e219004dad42
Dutch_Republic
In 1582 the United Provinces invited Francis, Duke of Anjou to lead them; but after a failed attempt to take Antwerp in 1583, the duke left the Netherlands again. After the assassination of William of Orange (10 July 1584), both Henry III of France and Elizabeth I of England declined the offer of sovereignty. However, the latter agreed to turn the United Provinces into a protectorate of England (Treaty of Nonsuch, 1585), and sent the Earl of Leicester as governor-general. This was unsuccessful and in 1588 the provinces became a confederacy. The Union of Utrecht is regarded as the foundation of the Republic of the Seven United Provinces, which was not recognized by the Spanish Empire until the Peace of Westphalia in 1648.
In what year did Francis, Duke of Anjou leave the Netherlands?
In what year did Francis, Duke of Anjou leave the Netherlands?
[ "In what year did Francis, Duke of Anjou leave the Netherlands?" ]
{ "text": [ "1583" ], "answer_start": [ 120 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-109374
56dddd6766d3e219004dad43
Dutch_Republic
In 1582 the United Provinces invited Francis, Duke of Anjou to lead them; but after a failed attempt to take Antwerp in 1583, the duke left the Netherlands again. After the assassination of William of Orange (10 July 1584), both Henry III of France and Elizabeth I of England declined the offer of sovereignty. However, the latter agreed to turn the United Provinces into a protectorate of England (Treaty of Nonsuch, 1585), and sent the Earl of Leicester as governor-general. This was unsuccessful and in 1588 the provinces became a confederacy. The Union of Utrecht is regarded as the foundation of the Republic of the Seven United Provinces, which was not recognized by the Spanish Empire until the Peace of Westphalia in 1648.
When was William of Orange assassinated?
When was William of Orange assassinated?
[ "When was William of Orange assassinated?" ]
{ "text": [ "10 July 1584" ], "answer_start": [ 209 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-109375
56dddd6766d3e219004dad44
Dutch_Republic
In 1582 the United Provinces invited Francis, Duke of Anjou to lead them; but after a failed attempt to take Antwerp in 1583, the duke left the Netherlands again. After the assassination of William of Orange (10 July 1584), both Henry III of France and Elizabeth I of England declined the offer of sovereignty. However, the latter agreed to turn the United Provinces into a protectorate of England (Treaty of Nonsuch, 1585), and sent the Earl of Leicester as governor-general. This was unsuccessful and in 1588 the provinces became a confederacy. The Union of Utrecht is regarded as the foundation of the Republic of the Seven United Provinces, which was not recognized by the Spanish Empire until the Peace of Westphalia in 1648.
Who agreed to turn the United Provinces into a protectorate of England?
Who agreed to turn the United Provinces into a protectorate of England?
[ "Who agreed to turn the United Provinces into a protectorate of England?" ]
{ "text": [ "Elizabeth I" ], "answer_start": [ 253 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-109376
56dddd6766d3e219004dad45
Dutch_Republic
In 1582 the United Provinces invited Francis, Duke of Anjou to lead them; but after a failed attempt to take Antwerp in 1583, the duke left the Netherlands again. After the assassination of William of Orange (10 July 1584), both Henry III of France and Elizabeth I of England declined the offer of sovereignty. However, the latter agreed to turn the United Provinces into a protectorate of England (Treaty of Nonsuch, 1585), and sent the Earl of Leicester as governor-general. This was unsuccessful and in 1588 the provinces became a confederacy. The Union of Utrecht is regarded as the foundation of the Republic of the Seven United Provinces, which was not recognized by the Spanish Empire until the Peace of Westphalia in 1648.
In what year did the United Provinces become a confederacy?
In what year did the United Provinces become a confederacy?
[ "In what year did the United Provinces become a confederacy?" ]
{ "text": [ "1588" ], "answer_start": [ 506 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-109377
5a11c35a06e79900185c355b
Dutch_Republic
In 1582 the United Provinces invited Francis, Duke of Anjou to lead them; but after a failed attempt to take Antwerp in 1583, the duke left the Netherlands again. After the assassination of William of Orange (10 July 1584), both Henry III of France and Elizabeth I of England declined the offer of sovereignty. However, the latter agreed to turn the United Provinces into a protectorate of England (Treaty of Nonsuch, 1585), and sent the Earl of Leicester as governor-general. This was unsuccessful and in 1588 the provinces became a confederacy. The Union of Utrecht is regarded as the foundation of the Republic of the Seven United Provinces, which was not recognized by the Spanish Empire until the Peace of Westphalia in 1648.
In what year did the Duke of Anjou conquered the United provinces?
In what year did the Duke of Anjou conquered the United provinces?
[ "In what year did the Duke of Anjou conquered the United provinces?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-109378
5a11c35a06e79900185c355c
Dutch_Republic
In 1582 the United Provinces invited Francis, Duke of Anjou to lead them; but after a failed attempt to take Antwerp in 1583, the duke left the Netherlands again. After the assassination of William of Orange (10 July 1584), both Henry III of France and Elizabeth I of England declined the offer of sovereignty. However, the latter agreed to turn the United Provinces into a protectorate of England (Treaty of Nonsuch, 1585), and sent the Earl of Leicester as governor-general. This was unsuccessful and in 1588 the provinces became a confederacy. The Union of Utrecht is regarded as the foundation of the Republic of the Seven United Provinces, which was not recognized by the Spanish Empire until the Peace of Westphalia in 1648.
Who talk Antwerp in 1583?
Who talk Antwerp in 1583?
[ "Who talk Antwerp in 1583?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-109379
5a11c35a06e79900185c355d
Dutch_Republic
In 1582 the United Provinces invited Francis, Duke of Anjou to lead them; but after a failed attempt to take Antwerp in 1583, the duke left the Netherlands again. After the assassination of William of Orange (10 July 1584), both Henry III of France and Elizabeth I of England declined the offer of sovereignty. However, the latter agreed to turn the United Provinces into a protectorate of England (Treaty of Nonsuch, 1585), and sent the Earl of Leicester as governor-general. This was unsuccessful and in 1588 the provinces became a confederacy. The Union of Utrecht is regarded as the foundation of the Republic of the Seven United Provinces, which was not recognized by the Spanish Empire until the Peace of Westphalia in 1648.
What two rulers fought over the provinces after the assassination of William of Orange?
What two rulers fought over the provinces after the assassination of William of Orange?
[ "What two rulers fought over the provinces after the assassination of William of Orange?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-109380
5a11c35a06e79900185c355e
Dutch_Republic
In 1582 the United Provinces invited Francis, Duke of Anjou to lead them; but after a failed attempt to take Antwerp in 1583, the duke left the Netherlands again. After the assassination of William of Orange (10 July 1584), both Henry III of France and Elizabeth I of England declined the offer of sovereignty. However, the latter agreed to turn the United Provinces into a protectorate of England (Treaty of Nonsuch, 1585), and sent the Earl of Leicester as governor-general. This was unsuccessful and in 1588 the provinces became a confederacy. The Union of Utrecht is regarded as the foundation of the Republic of the Seven United Provinces, which was not recognized by the Spanish Empire until the Peace of Westphalia in 1648.
What treaty gave England sovereignty over the United provinces?
What treaty gave England sovereignty over the United provinces?
[ "What treaty gave England sovereignty over the United provinces?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-109381
5a11c35a06e79900185c355f
Dutch_Republic
In 1582 the United Provinces invited Francis, Duke of Anjou to lead them; but after a failed attempt to take Antwerp in 1583, the duke left the Netherlands again. After the assassination of William of Orange (10 July 1584), both Henry III of France and Elizabeth I of England declined the offer of sovereignty. However, the latter agreed to turn the United Provinces into a protectorate of England (Treaty of Nonsuch, 1585), and sent the Earl of Leicester as governor-general. This was unsuccessful and in 1588 the provinces became a confederacy. The Union of Utrecht is regarded as the foundation of the Republic of the Seven United Provinces, which was not recognized by the Spanish Empire until the Peace of Westphalia in 1648.
In what year did the Spanish Empire stopped recognizing the Republic of the Seven United Provinces?
In what year did the Spanish Empire stopped recognizing the Republic of the Seven United Provinces?
[ "In what year did the Spanish Empire stopped recognizing the Republic of the Seven United Provinces?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-109382
5a1cba7b4ea40d0018b06ed5
Dutch_Republic
In 1582 the United Provinces invited Francis, Duke of Anjou to lead them; but after a failed attempt to take Antwerp in 1583, the duke left the Netherlands again. After the assassination of William of Orange (10 July 1584), both Henry III of France and Elizabeth I of England declined the offer of sovereignty. However, the latter agreed to turn the United Provinces into a protectorate of England (Treaty of Nonsuch, 1585), and sent the Earl of Leicester as governor-general. This was unsuccessful and in 1588 the provinces became a confederacy. The Union of Utrecht is regarded as the foundation of the Republic of the Seven United Provinces, which was not recognized by the Spanish Empire until the Peace of Westphalia in 1648.
When was the Duke of Anjou assassinated?
When was the Duke of Anjou assassinated?
[ "When was the Duke of Anjou assassinated?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-109383
5a1cba7b4ea40d0018b06ed6
Dutch_Republic
In 1582 the United Provinces invited Francis, Duke of Anjou to lead them; but after a failed attempt to take Antwerp in 1583, the duke left the Netherlands again. After the assassination of William of Orange (10 July 1584), both Henry III of France and Elizabeth I of England declined the offer of sovereignty. However, the latter agreed to turn the United Provinces into a protectorate of England (Treaty of Nonsuch, 1585), and sent the Earl of Leicester as governor-general. This was unsuccessful and in 1588 the provinces became a confederacy. The Union of Utrecht is regarded as the foundation of the Republic of the Seven United Provinces, which was not recognized by the Spanish Empire until the Peace of Westphalia in 1648.
When did Henry III leave the Netherlands?
When did Henry III leave the Netherlands?
[ "When did Henry III leave the Netherlands?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-109384
5a1cba7b4ea40d0018b06ed7
Dutch_Republic
In 1582 the United Provinces invited Francis, Duke of Anjou to lead them; but after a failed attempt to take Antwerp in 1583, the duke left the Netherlands again. After the assassination of William of Orange (10 July 1584), both Henry III of France and Elizabeth I of England declined the offer of sovereignty. However, the latter agreed to turn the United Provinces into a protectorate of England (Treaty of Nonsuch, 1585), and sent the Earl of Leicester as governor-general. This was unsuccessful and in 1588 the provinces became a confederacy. The Union of Utrecht is regarded as the foundation of the Republic of the Seven United Provinces, which was not recognized by the Spanish Empire until the Peace of Westphalia in 1648.
When did the Duke of Anjou decline an offer of soverignty?
When did the Duke of Anjou decline an offer of soverignty?
[ "When did the Duke of Anjou decline an offer of soverignty?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-109385
5a1cba7b4ea40d0018b06ed8
Dutch_Republic
In 1582 the United Provinces invited Francis, Duke of Anjou to lead them; but after a failed attempt to take Antwerp in 1583, the duke left the Netherlands again. After the assassination of William of Orange (10 July 1584), both Henry III of France and Elizabeth I of England declined the offer of sovereignty. However, the latter agreed to turn the United Provinces into a protectorate of England (Treaty of Nonsuch, 1585), and sent the Earl of Leicester as governor-general. This was unsuccessful and in 1588 the provinces became a confederacy. The Union of Utrecht is regarded as the foundation of the Republic of the Seven United Provinces, which was not recognized by the Spanish Empire until the Peace of Westphalia in 1648.
Who was sent as governer-general to the Spanish Empire?
Who was sent as governer-general to the Spanish Empire?
[ "Who was sent as governer-general to the Spanish Empire?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-109386
5a1cba7b4ea40d0018b06ed9
Dutch_Republic
In 1582 the United Provinces invited Francis, Duke of Anjou to lead them; but after a failed attempt to take Antwerp in 1583, the duke left the Netherlands again. After the assassination of William of Orange (10 July 1584), both Henry III of France and Elizabeth I of England declined the offer of sovereignty. However, the latter agreed to turn the United Provinces into a protectorate of England (Treaty of Nonsuch, 1585), and sent the Earl of Leicester as governor-general. This was unsuccessful and in 1588 the provinces became a confederacy. The Union of Utrecht is regarded as the foundation of the Republic of the Seven United Provinces, which was not recognized by the Spanish Empire until the Peace of Westphalia in 1648.
What did Henry III do with the United Provinces after William of Orange was assassinated?
What did Henry III do with the United Provinces after William of Orange was assassinated?
[ "What did Henry III do with the United Provinces after William of Orange was assassinated?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-109387
56ddde4d66d3e219004dad53
Dutch_Republic
The Republic of the United Provinces lasted until a series of republican revolutions in 1783–1795 created the Batavian Republic. During this period, republican forces took several major cities of the Netherlands. After initially fleeing, the monarchist forces came back with British, Austrian, and Prussian troops and retook the Netherlands. The republican forces fled to France, but then successfully re-invaded alongside the army of the French republic. After the French Republic became the French Empire under Napoleon, the Batavian Republic was replaced by the Napoleonic Kingdom of Holland.
What events created the Batavian Republic?
What events created the Batavian Republic?
[ "What events created the Batavian Republic?" ]
{ "text": [ "a series of republican revolutions in 1783–1795" ], "answer_start": [ 50 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-109388
56ddde4d66d3e219004dad54
Dutch_Republic
The Republic of the United Provinces lasted until a series of republican revolutions in 1783–1795 created the Batavian Republic. During this period, republican forces took several major cities of the Netherlands. After initially fleeing, the monarchist forces came back with British, Austrian, and Prussian troops and retook the Netherlands. The republican forces fled to France, but then successfully re-invaded alongside the army of the French republic. After the French Republic became the French Empire under Napoleon, the Batavian Republic was replaced by the Napoleonic Kingdom of Holland.
The republican forces fled to which country?
The republican forces fled to which country?
[ "The republican forces fled to which country?" ]
{ "text": [ "France" ], "answer_start": [ 372 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-109389
56ddde4d66d3e219004dad55
Dutch_Republic
The Republic of the United Provinces lasted until a series of republican revolutions in 1783–1795 created the Batavian Republic. During this period, republican forces took several major cities of the Netherlands. After initially fleeing, the monarchist forces came back with British, Austrian, and Prussian troops and retook the Netherlands. The republican forces fled to France, but then successfully re-invaded alongside the army of the French republic. After the French Republic became the French Empire under Napoleon, the Batavian Republic was replaced by the Napoleonic Kingdom of Holland.
The Napoleonic Kingdom of Holland replaced which republic?
The Napoleonic Kingdom of Holland replaced which republic?
[ "The Napoleonic Kingdom of Holland replaced which republic?" ]
{ "text": [ "the Batavian Republic" ], "answer_start": [ 106 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-109390
5a11e57f6614be00188f247d
Dutch_Republic
The Republic of the United Provinces lasted until a series of republican revolutions in 1783–1795 created the Batavian Republic. During this period, republican forces took several major cities of the Netherlands. After initially fleeing, the monarchist forces came back with British, Austrian, and Prussian troops and retook the Netherlands. The republican forces fled to France, but then successfully re-invaded alongside the army of the French republic. After the French Republic became the French Empire under Napoleon, the Batavian Republic was replaced by the Napoleonic Kingdom of Holland.
What republic began with a series of republican revolutions?
What republic began with a series of republican revolutions?
[ "What republic began with a series of republican revolutions?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-109391
5a11e57f6614be00188f247e
Dutch_Republic
The Republic of the United Provinces lasted until a series of republican revolutions in 1783–1795 created the Batavian Republic. During this period, republican forces took several major cities of the Netherlands. After initially fleeing, the monarchist forces came back with British, Austrian, and Prussian troops and retook the Netherlands. The republican forces fled to France, but then successfully re-invaded alongside the army of the French republic. After the French Republic became the French Empire under Napoleon, the Batavian Republic was replaced by the Napoleonic Kingdom of Holland.
What did the Batavian Republic take part in from 1783 to 1795?
What did the Batavian Republic take part in from 1783 to 1795?
[ "What did the Batavian Republic take part in from 1783 to 1795?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-109392
5a11e57f6614be00188f247f
Dutch_Republic
The Republic of the United Provinces lasted until a series of republican revolutions in 1783–1795 created the Batavian Republic. During this period, republican forces took several major cities of the Netherlands. After initially fleeing, the monarchist forces came back with British, Austrian, and Prussian troops and retook the Netherlands. The republican forces fled to France, but then successfully re-invaded alongside the army of the French republic. After the French Republic became the French Empire under Napoleon, the Batavian Republic was replaced by the Napoleonic Kingdom of Holland.
During what period did Republican forces loose several major cities of the Netherlands?
During what period did Republican forces loose several major cities of the Netherlands?
[ "During what period did Republican forces loose several major cities of the Netherlands?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-109393
5a11e57f6614be00188f2480
Dutch_Republic
The Republic of the United Provinces lasted until a series of republican revolutions in 1783–1795 created the Batavian Republic. During this period, republican forces took several major cities of the Netherlands. After initially fleeing, the monarchist forces came back with British, Austrian, and Prussian troops and retook the Netherlands. The republican forces fled to France, but then successfully re-invaded alongside the army of the French republic. After the French Republic became the French Empire under Napoleon, the Batavian Republic was replaced by the Napoleonic Kingdom of Holland.
What Republic replaced the Napoleonic Kingdom of Holland?
What Republic replaced the Napoleonic Kingdom of Holland?
[ "What Republic replaced the Napoleonic Kingdom of Holland?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-109394
5a11e57f6614be00188f2481
Dutch_Republic
The Republic of the United Provinces lasted until a series of republican revolutions in 1783–1795 created the Batavian Republic. During this period, republican forces took several major cities of the Netherlands. After initially fleeing, the monarchist forces came back with British, Austrian, and Prussian troops and retook the Netherlands. The republican forces fled to France, but then successfully re-invaded alongside the army of the French republic. After the French Republic became the French Empire under Napoleon, the Batavian Republic was replaced by the Napoleonic Kingdom of Holland.
Who fled from France to the Netherlands?
Who fled from France to the Netherlands?
[ "Who fled from France to the Netherlands?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-109395
5a1cbbb84ea40d0018b06edf
Dutch_Republic
The Republic of the United Provinces lasted until a series of republican revolutions in 1783–1795 created the Batavian Republic. During this period, republican forces took several major cities of the Netherlands. After initially fleeing, the monarchist forces came back with British, Austrian, and Prussian troops and retook the Netherlands. The republican forces fled to France, but then successfully re-invaded alongside the army of the French republic. After the French Republic became the French Empire under Napoleon, the Batavian Republic was replaced by the Napoleonic Kingdom of Holland.
What happened that led to the creation of the French Republic?
What happened that led to the creation of the French Republic?
[ "What happened that led to the creation of the French Republic?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-109396
5a1cbbb84ea40d0018b06ee0
Dutch_Republic
The Republic of the United Provinces lasted until a series of republican revolutions in 1783–1795 created the Batavian Republic. During this period, republican forces took several major cities of the Netherlands. After initially fleeing, the monarchist forces came back with British, Austrian, and Prussian troops and retook the Netherlands. The republican forces fled to France, but then successfully re-invaded alongside the army of the French republic. After the French Republic became the French Empire under Napoleon, the Batavian Republic was replaced by the Napoleonic Kingdom of Holland.
Who came back to retake the Batavian Republic?
Who came back to retake the Batavian Republic?
[ "Who came back to retake the Batavian Republic?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-109397
5a1cbbb84ea40d0018b06ee1
Dutch_Republic
The Republic of the United Provinces lasted until a series of republican revolutions in 1783–1795 created the Batavian Republic. During this period, republican forces took several major cities of the Netherlands. After initially fleeing, the monarchist forces came back with British, Austrian, and Prussian troops and retook the Netherlands. The republican forces fled to France, but then successfully re-invaded alongside the army of the French republic. After the French Republic became the French Empire under Napoleon, the Batavian Republic was replaced by the Napoleonic Kingdom of Holland.
Where did the Prussian forces flee to?
Where did the Prussian forces flee to?
[ "Where did the Prussian forces flee to?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-109398
5a1cbbb84ea40d0018b06ee2
Dutch_Republic
The Republic of the United Provinces lasted until a series of republican revolutions in 1783–1795 created the Batavian Republic. During this period, republican forces took several major cities of the Netherlands. After initially fleeing, the monarchist forces came back with British, Austrian, and Prussian troops and retook the Netherlands. The republican forces fled to France, but then successfully re-invaded alongside the army of the French republic. After the French Republic became the French Empire under Napoleon, the Batavian Republic was replaced by the Napoleonic Kingdom of Holland.
What did the French Republic become under the British?
What did the French Republic become under the British?
[ "What did the French Republic become under the British?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-109399
5a1cbbb84ea40d0018b06ee3
Dutch_Republic
The Republic of the United Provinces lasted until a series of republican revolutions in 1783–1795 created the Batavian Republic. During this period, republican forces took several major cities of the Netherlands. After initially fleeing, the monarchist forces came back with British, Austrian, and Prussian troops and retook the Netherlands. The republican forces fled to France, but then successfully re-invaded alongside the army of the French republic. After the French Republic became the French Empire under Napoleon, the Batavian Republic was replaced by the Napoleonic Kingdom of Holland.
What Kingdom replaced the monarchist forces under Napoleon?
What Kingdom replaced the monarchist forces under Napoleon?
[ "What Kingdom replaced the monarchist forces under Napoleon?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }