gem_id stringlengths 20 25 | id stringlengths 24 24 | title stringlengths 3 59 | context stringlengths 151 3.71k | question stringlengths 1 270 | target stringlengths 1 270 | references list | answers dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
gem-squad_v2-train-110300 | 5a39a8772f14dd001ac72539 | Culture | Cultural sociology first emerged in Weimar Germany (1918–1933), where sociologists such as Alfred Weber used the term Kultursoziologie (cultural sociology). Cultural sociology was then "reinvented" in the English-speaking world as a product of the "cultural turn" of the 1960s, which ushered in structuralist and postmod... | Which sociologists tend to accept scientific methods? | Which sociologists tend to accept scientific methods? | [
"Which sociologists tend to accept scientific methods?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110301 | 5a39a8772f14dd001ac7253a | Culture | Cultural sociology first emerged in Weimar Germany (1918–1933), where sociologists such as Alfred Weber used the term Kultursoziologie (cultural sociology). Cultural sociology was then "reinvented" in the English-speaking world as a product of the "cultural turn" of the 1960s, which ushered in structuralist and postmod... | What has never been an important concept across many branches of sociology? | What has never been an important concept across many branches of sociology? | [
"What has never been an important concept across many branches of sociology?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110302 | 5728071d4b864d190016427c | Culture | The sociology of culture grew from the intersection between sociology (as shaped by early theorists like Marx, Durkheim, and Weber) with the growing discipline of anthropology, where in researchers pioneered ethnographic strategies for describing and analyzing a variety of cultures around the world. Part of the legacy ... | Which three early theorist helped shape sociology of culture? | Which three early theorist helped shape sociology of culture? | [
"Which three early theorist helped shape sociology of culture?"
] | {
"text": [
"Marx, Durkheim, and Weber"
],
"answer_start": [
105
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110303 | 5728071d4b864d190016427d | Culture | The sociology of culture grew from the intersection between sociology (as shaped by early theorists like Marx, Durkheim, and Weber) with the growing discipline of anthropology, where in researchers pioneered ethnographic strategies for describing and analyzing a variety of cultures around the world. Part of the legacy ... | What were the early concerns for the field of Sociology culture? | What were the early concerns for the field of Sociology culture? | [
"What were the early concerns for the field of Sociology culture?"
] | {
"text": [
"popular culture, political control, and social class"
],
"answer_start": [
626
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110304 | 5728071d4b864d190016427e | Culture | The sociology of culture grew from the intersection between sociology (as shaped by early theorists like Marx, Durkheim, and Weber) with the growing discipline of anthropology, where in researchers pioneered ethnographic strategies for describing and analyzing a variety of cultures around the world. Part of the legacy ... | What is most of the research into sociological culture ? | What is most of the research into sociological culture ? | [
"What is most of the research into sociological culture ?"
] | {
"text": [
"qualitative"
],
"answer_start": [
424
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110305 | 5a39a9bc2f14dd001ac72547 | Culture | The sociology of culture grew from the intersection between sociology (as shaped by early theorists like Marx, Durkheim, and Weber) with the growing discipline of anthropology, where in researchers pioneered ethnographic strategies for describing and analyzing a variety of cultures around the world. Part of the legacy ... | Which three early theorists helped eliminate the sociology of culture? | Which three early theorists helped eliminate the sociology of culture? | [
"Which three early theorists helped eliminate the sociology of culture?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110306 | 5a39a9bc2f14dd001ac72548 | Culture | The sociology of culture grew from the intersection between sociology (as shaped by early theorists like Marx, Durkheim, and Weber) with the growing discipline of anthropology, where in researchers pioneered ethnographic strategies for describing and analyzing a variety of cultures around the world. Part of the legacy ... | What were the main elements for the field of Sociology culture? | What were the main elements for the field of Sociology culture? | [
"What were the main elements for the field of Sociology culture?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110307 | 5a39a9bc2f14dd001ac72549 | Culture | The sociology of culture grew from the intersection between sociology (as shaped by early theorists like Marx, Durkheim, and Weber) with the growing discipline of anthropology, where in researchers pioneered ethnographic strategies for describing and analyzing a variety of cultures around the world. Part of the legacy ... | What is the least of the research into sociological culture ? | What is the least of the research into sociological culture ? | [
"What is the least of the research into sociological culture ?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110308 | 5a39a9bc2f14dd001ac7254a | Culture | The sociology of culture grew from the intersection between sociology (as shaped by early theorists like Marx, Durkheim, and Weber) with the growing discipline of anthropology, where in researchers pioneered ethnographic strategies for describing and analyzing a variety of cultures around the world. Part of the legacy ... | What were never concerns in the field? | What were never concerns in the field? | [
"What were never concerns in the field?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110309 | 572808a2ff5b5019007d9b72 | Culture | In the United Kingdom, sociologists and other scholars influenced by Marxism, such as Stuart Hall (1932–2014) and Raymond Williams (1921–1988), developed cultural studies. Following nineteenth-century Romantics, they identified "culture" with consumption goods and leisure activities (such as art, music, film, food, spo... | Which scientist was influenced by Marxism in the United Kingdom? | Which scientist was influenced by Marxism in the United Kingdom? | [
"Which scientist was influenced by Marxism in the United Kingdom?"
] | {
"text": [
"Stuart Hall (1932–2014) and Raymond Williams (1921–1988)"
],
"answer_start": [
86
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110310 | 572808a2ff5b5019007d9b73 | Culture | In the United Kingdom, sociologists and other scholars influenced by Marxism, such as Stuart Hall (1932–2014) and Raymond Williams (1921–1988), developed cultural studies. Following nineteenth-century Romantics, they identified "culture" with consumption goods and leisure activities (such as art, music, film, food, spo... | What did Marxist like Stuart Hall and Raymond Williams they identify culture as? | What did Marxist like Stuart Hall and Raymond Williams they identify culture as? | [
"What did Marxist like Stuart Hall and Raymond Williams they identify culture as?"
] | {
"text": [
"consumption goods and leisure activities"
],
"answer_start": [
243
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110311 | 572808a2ff5b5019007d9b74 | Culture | In the United Kingdom, sociologists and other scholars influenced by Marxism, such as Stuart Hall (1932–2014) and Raymond Williams (1921–1988), developed cultural studies. Following nineteenth-century Romantics, they identified "culture" with consumption goods and leisure activities (such as art, music, film, food, spo... | What made up Leisure activities and goods as viewed by Marxist? | What made up Leisure activities and goods as viewed by Marxist? | [
"What made up Leisure activities and goods as viewed by Marxist?"
] | {
"text": [
"art, music, film, food, sports, and clothing"
],
"answer_start": [
293
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110312 | 572808a2ff5b5019007d9b75 | Culture | In the United Kingdom, sociologists and other scholars influenced by Marxism, such as Stuart Hall (1932–2014) and Raymond Williams (1921–1988), developed cultural studies. Following nineteenth-century Romantics, they identified "culture" with consumption goods and leisure activities (such as art, music, film, food, spo... | What led sociologist like Stuart and Raymond to focus on class relations and the organization of production? | What led sociologist like Stuart and Raymond to focus on class relations and the organization of production? | [
"What led sociologist like Stuart and Raymond to focus on class relations and the organization of production?"
] | {
"text": [
"saw patterns of consumption and leisure"
],
"answer_start": [
359
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110313 | 5a39ab532f14dd001ac7254f | Culture | In the United Kingdom, sociologists and other scholars influenced by Marxism, such as Stuart Hall (1932–2014) and Raymond Williams (1921–1988), developed cultural studies. Following nineteenth-century Romantics, they identified "culture" with consumption goods and leisure activities (such as art, music, film, food, spo... | Which scientist created Marxism in the United Kingdom? | Which scientist created Marxism in the United Kingdom? | [
"Which scientist created Marxism in the United Kingdom?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110314 | 5a39ab532f14dd001ac72550 | Culture | In the United Kingdom, sociologists and other scholars influenced by Marxism, such as Stuart Hall (1932–2014) and Raymond Williams (1921–1988), developed cultural studies. Following nineteenth-century Romantics, they identified "culture" with consumption goods and leisure activities (such as art, music, film, food, spo... | What did Marxist like Stuart Hall and Raymond Williams discount culture as? | What did Marxist like Stuart Hall and Raymond Williams discount culture as? | [
"What did Marxist like Stuart Hall and Raymond Williams discount culture as?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110315 | 5a39ab532f14dd001ac72551 | Culture | In the United Kingdom, sociologists and other scholars influenced by Marxism, such as Stuart Hall (1932–2014) and Raymond Williams (1921–1988), developed cultural studies. Following nineteenth-century Romantics, they identified "culture" with consumption goods and leisure activities (such as art, music, film, food, spo... | What led sociologist like Stuart and Raymond to focus on individuals and the organization of destruction? | What led sociologist like Stuart and Raymond to focus on individuals and the organization of destruction? | [
"What led sociologist like Stuart and Raymond to focus on individuals and the organization of destruction?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110316 | 5a39ab532f14dd001ac72552 | Culture | In the United Kingdom, sociologists and other scholars influenced by Marxism, such as Stuart Hall (1932–2014) and Raymond Williams (1921–1988), developed cultural studies. Following nineteenth-century Romantics, they identified "culture" with consumption goods and leisure activities (such as art, music, film, food, spo... | Where did Marxism begin? | Where did Marxism begin? | [
"Where did Marxism begin?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110317 | 572809bfff5b5019007d9b8e | Culture | In the United States, "Cultural Studies" focuses largely on the study of popular culture, that is, on the social meanings of mass-produced consumer and leisure goods. Richard Hoggart coined the term in 1964 when he founded the Birmingham Centre for Contemporary Cultural Studies or CCCS. It has since become strongly ass... | In the U.S what does "Cultural Studies" focus largely on in this field? | In the U.S what does "Cultural Studies" focus largely on in this field? | [
"In the U.S what does \"Cultural Studies\" focus largely on in this field?"
] | {
"text": [
"popular culture"
],
"answer_start": [
73
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110318 | 572809bfff5b5019007d9b8f | Culture | In the United States, "Cultural Studies" focuses largely on the study of popular culture, that is, on the social meanings of mass-produced consumer and leisure goods. Richard Hoggart coined the term in 1964 when he founded the Birmingham Centre for Contemporary Cultural Studies or CCCS. It has since become strongly ass... | Who first coined the term "Cultural Studies" in the United States? | Who first coined the term "Cultural Studies" in the United States? | [
"Who first coined the term \"Cultural Studies\" in the United States?"
] | {
"text": [
"Richard Hoggart"
],
"answer_start": [
167
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110319 | 572809bfff5b5019007d9b90 | Culture | In the United States, "Cultural Studies" focuses largely on the study of popular culture, that is, on the social meanings of mass-produced consumer and leisure goods. Richard Hoggart coined the term in 1964 when he founded the Birmingham Centre for Contemporary Cultural Studies or CCCS. It has since become strongly ass... | What was the name of the company founded by Hoggart in 1964? | What was the name of the company founded by Hoggart in 1964? | [
"What was the name of the company founded by Hoggart in 1964?"
] | {
"text": [
"Birmingham Centre for Contemporary Cultural Studies or CCCS"
],
"answer_start": [
227
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110320 | 572809bfff5b5019007d9b91 | Culture | In the United States, "Cultural Studies" focuses largely on the study of popular culture, that is, on the social meanings of mass-produced consumer and leisure goods. Richard Hoggart coined the term in 1964 when he founded the Birmingham Centre for Contemporary Cultural Studies or CCCS. It has since become strongly ass... | The CCCS has since been associated with who? | The CCCS has since been associated with who? | [
"The CCCS has since been associated with who?"
] | {
"text": [
"Stuart Hall"
],
"answer_start": [
333
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110321 | 5a39ac6c2f14dd001ac72557 | Culture | In the United States, "Cultural Studies" focuses largely on the study of popular culture, that is, on the social meanings of mass-produced consumer and leisure goods. Richard Hoggart coined the term in 1964 when he founded the Birmingham Centre for Contemporary Cultural Studies or CCCS. It has since become strongly ass... | In the UK what does "Cultural Studies" focus little on in this field? | In the UK what does "Cultural Studies" focus little on in this field? | [
"In the UK what does \"Cultural Studies\" focus little on in this field?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110322 | 5a39ac6c2f14dd001ac72558 | Culture | In the United States, "Cultural Studies" focuses largely on the study of popular culture, that is, on the social meanings of mass-produced consumer and leisure goods. Richard Hoggart coined the term in 1964 when he founded the Birmingham Centre for Contemporary Cultural Studies or CCCS. It has since become strongly ass... | Who first coined the term "Cultural Studies" in the United Kingdom? | Who first coined the term "Cultural Studies" in the United Kingdom? | [
"Who first coined the term \"Cultural Studies\" in the United Kingdom?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110323 | 5a39ac6c2f14dd001ac72559 | Culture | In the United States, "Cultural Studies" focuses largely on the study of popular culture, that is, on the social meanings of mass-produced consumer and leisure goods. Richard Hoggart coined the term in 1964 when he founded the Birmingham Centre for Contemporary Cultural Studies or CCCS. It has since become strongly ass... | What was the name of the company founded by Hoggart in 1954? | What was the name of the company founded by Hoggart in 1954? | [
"What was the name of the company founded by Hoggart in 1954?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110324 | 5a39ac6c2f14dd001ac7255a | Culture | In the United States, "Cultural Studies" focuses largely on the study of popular culture, that is, on the social meanings of mass-produced consumer and leisure goods. Richard Hoggart coined the term in 1964 when he founded the Birmingham Centre for Contemporary Cultural Studies or CCCS. It has since become strongly ass... | The CCCS has since been disassociated with who? | The CCCS has since been disassociated with who? | [
"The CCCS has since been disassociated with who?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110325 | 57280c92ff5b5019007d9bc4 | Culture | From the 1970s onward, Stuart Hall's pioneering work, along with that of his colleagues Paul Willis, Dick Hebdige, Tony Jefferson, and Angela McRobbie, created an international intellectual movement. As the field developed it began to combine political economy, communication, sociology, social theory, literary theory, ... | Who did Stuart Hall work along side with? | Who did Stuart Hall work along side with? | [
"Who did Stuart Hall work along side with?"
] | {
"text": [
"Paul Willis, Dick Hebdige, Tony Jefferson, and Angela McRobbie"
],
"answer_start": [
88
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110326 | 57280c92ff5b5019007d9bc5 | Culture | From the 1970s onward, Stuart Hall's pioneering work, along with that of his colleagues Paul Willis, Dick Hebdige, Tony Jefferson, and Angela McRobbie, created an international intellectual movement. As the field developed it began to combine political economy, communication, sociology, social theory, literary theory, ... | What did Stuart and his colleagues create? | What did Stuart and his colleagues create? | [
"What did Stuart and his colleagues create?"
] | {
"text": [
"international intellectual movement."
],
"answer_start": [
163
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110327 | 57280c92ff5b5019007d9bc6 | Culture | From the 1970s onward, Stuart Hall's pioneering work, along with that of his colleagues Paul Willis, Dick Hebdige, Tony Jefferson, and Angela McRobbie, created an international intellectual movement. As the field developed it began to combine political economy, communication, sociology, social theory, literary theory, ... | In the field that Stuart was working, what did he and his colleagues often concentrate on? | In the field that Stuart was working, what did he and his colleagues often concentrate on? | [
"In the field that Stuart was working, what did he and his colleagues often concentrate on?"
] | {
"text": [
"matters of ideology, nationality, ethnicity, social class, and/or gender"
],
"answer_start": [
549
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110328 | 57280c92ff5b5019007d9bc7 | Culture | From the 1970s onward, Stuart Hall's pioneering work, along with that of his colleagues Paul Willis, Dick Hebdige, Tony Jefferson, and Angela McRobbie, created an international intellectual movement. As the field developed it began to combine political economy, communication, sociology, social theory, literary theory, ... | Capitalism can be referred to as what process? | Capitalism can be referred to as what process? | [
"Capitalism can be referred to as what process?"
] | {
"text": [
"a process called globalization"
],
"answer_start": [
1491
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110329 | 5a39ad012f14dd001ac7255f | Culture | From the 1970s onward, Stuart Hall's pioneering work, along with that of his colleagues Paul Willis, Dick Hebdige, Tony Jefferson, and Angela McRobbie, created an international intellectual movement. As the field developed it began to combine political economy, communication, sociology, social theory, literary theory, ... | Who did Stuart Hall never work with? | Who did Stuart Hall never work with? | [
"Who did Stuart Hall never work with?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110330 | 5a39ad012f14dd001ac72560 | Culture | From the 1970s onward, Stuart Hall's pioneering work, along with that of his colleagues Paul Willis, Dick Hebdige, Tony Jefferson, and Angela McRobbie, created an international intellectual movement. As the field developed it began to combine political economy, communication, sociology, social theory, literary theory, ... | What did Stuart and his colleagues eliminate? | What did Stuart and his colleagues eliminate? | [
"What did Stuart and his colleagues eliminate?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110331 | 5a39ad012f14dd001ac72561 | Culture | From the 1970s onward, Stuart Hall's pioneering work, along with that of his colleagues Paul Willis, Dick Hebdige, Tony Jefferson, and Angela McRobbie, created an international intellectual movement. As the field developed it began to combine political economy, communication, sociology, social theory, literary theory, ... | Capitalism can never be referred to as what process? | Capitalism can never be referred to as what process? | [
"Capitalism can never be referred to as what process?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110332 | 5a39ad012f14dd001ac72562 | Culture | From the 1970s onward, Stuart Hall's pioneering work, along with that of his colleagues Paul Willis, Dick Hebdige, Tony Jefferson, and Angela McRobbie, created an international intellectual movement. As the field developed it began to combine political economy, communication, sociology, social theory, literary theory, ... | In the field that Stuart was working, what did he and his colleagues often ignore? | In the field that Stuart was working, what did he and his colleagues often ignore? | [
"In the field that Stuart was working, what did he and his colleagues often ignore?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110333 | 57280ddfff5b5019007d9be6 | Culture | In the context of cultural studies, the idea of a text includes not only written language, but also films, photographs, fashion or hairstyles: the texts of cultural studies comprise all the meaningful artifacts of culture.[citation needed] Similarly, the discipline widens the concept of "culture". "Culture" for a cultu... | The idea of text in cultural studies can include what forms other than written language? | The idea of text in cultural studies can include what forms other than written language? | [
"The idea of text in cultural studies can include what forms other than written language?"
] | {
"text": [
"films, photographs, fashion or hairstyles"
],
"answer_start": [
100
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110334 | 57280ddfff5b5019007d9be7 | Culture | In the context of cultural studies, the idea of a text includes not only written language, but also films, photographs, fashion or hairstyles: the texts of cultural studies comprise all the meaningful artifacts of culture.[citation needed] Similarly, the discipline widens the concept of "culture". "Culture" for a cultu... | Which two practices have become the main focus in cultural studies? | Which two practices have become the main focus in cultural studies? | [
"Which two practices have become the main focus in cultural studies?"
] | {
"text": [
"high culture (the culture of ruling social groups) and popular culture"
],
"answer_start": [
373
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110335 | 57280ddfff5b5019007d9be8 | Culture | In the context of cultural studies, the idea of a text includes not only written language, but also films, photographs, fashion or hairstyles: the texts of cultural studies comprise all the meaningful artifacts of culture.[citation needed] Similarly, the discipline widens the concept of "culture". "Culture" for a cultu... | What makes up cooperative cultural studies? | What makes up cooperative cultural studies? | [
"What makes up cooperative cultural studies? "
] | {
"text": [
"based on the disciplines of comparative literature and cultural studies"
],
"answer_start": [
621
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110336 | 5a39adae2f14dd001ac7256d | Culture | In the context of cultural studies, the idea of a text includes not only written language, but also films, photographs, fashion or hairstyles: the texts of cultural studies comprise all the meaningful artifacts of culture.[citation needed] Similarly, the discipline widens the concept of "culture". "Culture" for a cultu... | The idea of text in cultural studies can never include what forms other than written language? | The idea of text in cultural studies can never include what forms other than written language? | [
"The idea of text in cultural studies can never include what forms other than written language?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110337 | 5a39adae2f14dd001ac7256e | Culture | In the context of cultural studies, the idea of a text includes not only written language, but also films, photographs, fashion or hairstyles: the texts of cultural studies comprise all the meaningful artifacts of culture.[citation needed] Similarly, the discipline widens the concept of "culture". "Culture" for a cultu... | Which two practices have become the least focused on in cultural studies? | Which two practices have become the least focused on in cultural studies? | [
"Which two practices have become the least focused on in cultural studies?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110338 | 5a39adae2f14dd001ac7256f | Culture | In the context of cultural studies, the idea of a text includes not only written language, but also films, photographs, fashion or hairstyles: the texts of cultural studies comprise all the meaningful artifacts of culture.[citation needed] Similarly, the discipline widens the concept of "culture". "Culture" for a cultu... | What disregards cooperative cultural studies? | What disregards cooperative cultural studies? | [
"What disregards cooperative cultural studies?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110339 | 5a39adae2f14dd001ac72570 | Culture | In the context of cultural studies, the idea of a text includes not only written language, but also films, photographs, fashion or hairstyles: the texts of cultural studies comprise all the meaningful artifacts of culture.[citation needed] Similarly, the discipline widens the concept of "culture". "Culture" for a cultu... | What has never been studied by researchers? | What has never been studied by researchers? | [
"What has never been studied by researchers?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110340 | 57280eea3acd2414000df353 | Culture | Scholars in the United Kingdom and the United States developed somewhat different versions of cultural studies after the late 1970s. The British version of cultural studies had originated in the 1950s and 1960s, mainly under the influence first of Richard Hoggart, E. P. Thompson, and Raymond Williams, and later that of... | Around when did the United States and United Kingdom began to develop different versions of cultural studies? | Around when did the United States and United Kingdom began to develop different versions of cultural studies? | [
"Around when did the United States and United Kingdom began to develop different versions of cultural studies?"
] | {
"text": [
"late 1970s"
],
"answer_start": [
121
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110341 | 57280eea3acd2414000df354 | Culture | Scholars in the United Kingdom and the United States developed somewhat different versions of cultural studies after the late 1970s. The British version of cultural studies had originated in the 1950s and 1960s, mainly under the influence first of Richard Hoggart, E. P. Thompson, and Raymond Williams, and later that of... | When did the British version of cultural studies emerge? | When did the British version of cultural studies emerge? | [
"When did the British version of cultural studies emerge?"
] | {
"text": [
"1950s and 1960s"
],
"answer_start": [
195
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110342 | 57280eea3acd2414000df355 | Culture | Scholars in the United Kingdom and the United States developed somewhat different versions of cultural studies after the late 1970s. The British version of cultural studies had originated in the 1950s and 1960s, mainly under the influence first of Richard Hoggart, E. P. Thompson, and Raymond Williams, and later that of... | Who had influenced cultural studies in the U.K? | Who had influenced cultural studies in the U.K? | [
"Who had influenced cultural studies in the U.K?"
] | {
"text": [
"Richard Hoggart, E. P. Thompson, and Raymond Williams, and later that of Stuart Hall"
],
"answer_start": [
248
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110343 | 57280eea3acd2414000df356 | Culture | Scholars in the United Kingdom and the United States developed somewhat different versions of cultural studies after the late 1970s. The British version of cultural studies had originated in the 1950s and 1960s, mainly under the influence first of Richard Hoggart, E. P. Thompson, and Raymond Williams, and later that of... | Which University did research of cultural studies take place under CCCS? | Which University did research of cultural studies take place under CCCS? | [
"Which University did research of cultural studies take place under CCCS?"
] | {
"text": [
"the University of Birmingham"
],
"answer_start": [
395
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110344 | 5a39ae6c2f14dd001ac7257d | Culture | Scholars in the United Kingdom and the United States developed somewhat different versions of cultural studies after the late 1970s. The British version of cultural studies had originated in the 1950s and 1960s, mainly under the influence first of Richard Hoggart, E. P. Thompson, and Raymond Williams, and later that of... | When did the United States and United Kingdom began to develop similar versions of cultural studies? | When did the United States and United Kingdom began to develop similar versions of cultural studies? | [
"When did the United States and United Kingdom began to develop similar versions of cultural studies?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110345 | 5a39ae6c2f14dd001ac7257e | Culture | Scholars in the United Kingdom and the United States developed somewhat different versions of cultural studies after the late 1970s. The British version of cultural studies had originated in the 1950s and 1960s, mainly under the influence first of Richard Hoggart, E. P. Thompson, and Raymond Williams, and later that of... | When did the British version of cultural studies end? | When did the British version of cultural studies end? | [
"When did the British version of cultural studies end?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110346 | 5a39ae6c2f14dd001ac7257f | Culture | Scholars in the United Kingdom and the United States developed somewhat different versions of cultural studies after the late 1970s. The British version of cultural studies had originated in the 1950s and 1960s, mainly under the influence first of Richard Hoggart, E. P. Thompson, and Raymond Williams, and later that of... | Who had influenced cultural studies in the United States? | Who had influenced cultural studies in the United States? | [
"Who had influenced cultural studies in the United States?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110347 | 5a39ae6c2f14dd001ac72580 | Culture | Scholars in the United Kingdom and the United States developed somewhat different versions of cultural studies after the late 1970s. The British version of cultural studies had originated in the 1950s and 1960s, mainly under the influence first of Richard Hoggart, E. P. Thompson, and Raymond Williams, and later that of... | Which University was not allowed to do research of cultural studies? | Which University was not allowed to do research of cultural studies? | [
"Which University was not allowed to do research of cultural studies?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110348 | 57281099ff5b5019007d9c42 | Culture | In the United States, Lindlof and Taylor write, "Cultural studies [were] grounded in a pragmatic, liberal-pluralist tradition". The American version of cultural studies initially concerned itself more with understanding the subjective and appropriative side of audience reactions to, and uses of, mass culture; for examp... | Which two wrote Cultural studies [were] grounded in a pragmatic, liberal-pluralist tradition? | Which two wrote Cultural studies [were] grounded in a pragmatic, liberal-pluralist tradition? | [
"Which two wrote Cultural studies [were] grounded in a pragmatic, liberal-pluralist tradition?"
] | {
"text": [
"Lindlof and Taylor"
],
"answer_start": [
22
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110349 | 57281099ff5b5019007d9c43 | Culture | In the United States, Lindlof and Taylor write, "Cultural studies [were] grounded in a pragmatic, liberal-pluralist tradition". The American version of cultural studies initially concerned itself more with understanding the subjective and appropriative side of audience reactions to, and uses of, mass culture; for examp... | From a Marxist view, what did they believe had to be controlled to essentially control a culture? | From a Marxist view, what did they believe had to be controlled to essentially control a culture? | [
"From a Marxist view, what did they believe had to be controlled to essentially control a culture?"
] | {
"text": [
"the economic base"
],
"answer_start": [
1035
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110350 | 5a39b0472f14dd001ac7258d | Culture | In the United States, Lindlof and Taylor write, "Cultural studies [were] grounded in a pragmatic, liberal-pluralist tradition". The American version of cultural studies initially concerned itself more with understanding the subjective and appropriative side of audience reactions to, and uses of, mass culture; for examp... | Which two wrote Cultural studies are grounded in a rationalist, conservative-pluralist tradition? | Which two wrote Cultural studies are grounded in a rationalist, conservative-pluralist tradition? | [
"Which two wrote Cultural studies are grounded in a rationalist, conservative-pluralist tradition?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110351 | 5a39b0472f14dd001ac7258e | Culture | In the United States, Lindlof and Taylor write, "Cultural studies [were] grounded in a pragmatic, liberal-pluralist tradition". The American version of cultural studies initially concerned itself more with understanding the subjective and appropriative side of audience reactions to, and uses of, mass culture; for examp... | What did they believe was unnecessary to control a culture from a Marxist view? | What did they believe was unnecessary to control a culture from a Marxist view? | [
"What did they believe was unnecessary to control a culture from a Marxist view?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110352 | 5a39b0472f14dd001ac7258f | Culture | In the United States, Lindlof and Taylor write, "Cultural studies [were] grounded in a pragmatic, liberal-pluralist tradition". The American version of cultural studies initially concerned itself more with understanding the subjective and appropriative side of audience reactions to, and uses of, mass culture; for examp... | Who contributed to cultural studies from viewpoints of art news and philosophy? | Who contributed to cultural studies from viewpoints of art news and philosophy? | [
"Who contributed to cultural studies from viewpoints of art news and philosophy?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110353 | 5a39b0472f14dd001ac72590 | Culture | In the United States, Lindlof and Taylor write, "Cultural studies [were] grounded in a pragmatic, liberal-pluralist tradition". The American version of cultural studies initially concerned itself more with understanding the subjective and appropriative side of audience reactions to, and uses of, mass culture; for examp... | Which writer contributed to cultural studies from the field of science and French modernism? | Which writer contributed to cultural studies from the field of science and French modernism? | [
"Which writer contributed to cultural studies from the field of science and French modernism?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110354 | 5a39b0472f14dd001ac72591 | Culture | In the United States, Lindlof and Taylor write, "Cultural studies [were] grounded in a pragmatic, liberal-pluralist tradition". The American version of cultural studies initially concerned itself more with understanding the subjective and appropriative side of audience reactions to, and uses of, mass culture; for examp... | What never criticized the Marxist assumption of a single, dominant meaning, shared by all, for any cultural product? | What never criticized the Marxist assumption of a single, dominant meaning, shared by all, for any cultural product? | [
"What never criticized the Marxist assumption of a single, dominant meaning, shared by all, for any cultural product?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110355 | 572818dfff5b5019007d9d2a | Culture | Raimon Panikkar pointed out 29 ways in which cultural change can be brought about. Some of these are: growth, development, evolution, involution, renovation, reconception, reform, innovation, revivalism, revolution, mutation, progress, diffusion, osmosis, borrowing, eclecticism, syncretism, modernization, indigenizatio... | How many ways did Raimon Panikkar believed cultural change can be based on? | How many ways did Raimon Panikkar believed cultural change can be based on? | [
"How many ways did Raimon Panikkar believed cultural change can be based on?"
] | {
"text": [
"29 ways"
],
"answer_start": [
28
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110356 | 572818dfff5b5019007d9d2b | Culture | Raimon Panikkar pointed out 29 ways in which cultural change can be brought about. Some of these are: growth, development, evolution, involution, renovation, reconception, reform, innovation, revivalism, revolution, mutation, progress, diffusion, osmosis, borrowing, eclecticism, syncretism, modernization, indigenizatio... | What is the term used to describe what Modernization could be similar or related to? | What is the term used to describe what Modernization could be similar or related to? | [
"What is the term used to describe what Modernization could be similar or related to?"
] | {
"text": [
"enlightenment"
],
"answer_start": [
398
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110357 | 572818dfff5b5019007d9d2c | Culture | Raimon Panikkar pointed out 29 ways in which cultural change can be brought about. Some of these are: growth, development, evolution, involution, renovation, reconception, reform, innovation, revivalism, revolution, mutation, progress, diffusion, osmosis, borrowing, eclecticism, syncretism, modernization, indigenizatio... | What type of society was seen that came from Raimon's 29 ways? | What type of society was seen that came from Raimon's 29 ways? | [
"What type of society was seen that came from Raimon's 29 ways?"
] | {
"text": [
"secular society"
],
"answer_start": [
532
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110358 | 5a39b12e2f14dd001ac72597 | Culture | Raimon Panikkar pointed out 29 ways in which cultural change can be brought about. Some of these are: growth, development, evolution, involution, renovation, reconception, reform, innovation, revivalism, revolution, mutation, progress, diffusion, osmosis, borrowing, eclecticism, syncretism, modernization, indigenizatio... | How many ways did Raimon Panikkar believe cultural consistency can be based on? | How many ways did Raimon Panikkar believe cultural consistency can be based on? | [
"How many ways did Raimon Panikkar believe cultural consistency can be based on?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110359 | 5a39b12e2f14dd001ac72598 | Culture | Raimon Panikkar pointed out 29 ways in which cultural change can be brought about. Some of these are: growth, development, evolution, involution, renovation, reconception, reform, innovation, revivalism, revolution, mutation, progress, diffusion, osmosis, borrowing, eclecticism, syncretism, modernization, indigenizatio... | What is the term used to describe what Modernization could be opposite of? | What is the term used to describe what Modernization could be opposite of? | [
"What is the term used to describe what Modernization could be opposite of?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110360 | 5a39b12e2f14dd001ac72599 | Culture | Raimon Panikkar pointed out 29 ways in which cultural change can be brought about. Some of these are: growth, development, evolution, involution, renovation, reconception, reform, innovation, revivalism, revolution, mutation, progress, diffusion, osmosis, borrowing, eclecticism, syncretism, modernization, indigenizatio... | What type of society was not seen from Raimon's 29 ways? | What type of society was not seen from Raimon's 29 ways? | [
"What type of society was not seen from Raimon's 29 ways?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110361 | 5a39b12e2f14dd001ac7259a | Culture | Raimon Panikkar pointed out 29 ways in which cultural change can be brought about. Some of these are: growth, development, evolution, involution, renovation, reconception, reform, innovation, revivalism, revolution, mutation, progress, diffusion, osmosis, borrowing, eclecticism, syncretism, modernization, indigenizatio... | What kind of society is very religious? | What kind of society is very religious? | [
"What kind of society is very religious?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110362 | 5a39b12e2f14dd001ac7259b | Culture | Raimon Panikkar pointed out 29 ways in which cultural change can be brought about. Some of these are: growth, development, evolution, involution, renovation, reconception, reform, innovation, revivalism, revolution, mutation, progress, diffusion, osmosis, borrowing, eclecticism, syncretism, modernization, indigenizatio... | Who pointed out there are 26 ways in which cultural change can be brought about? | Who pointed out there are 26 ways in which cultural change can be brought about? | [
"Who pointed out there are 26 ways in which cultural change can be brought about?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110363 | 57262c2c271a42140099d6ef | Professional_wrestling | Professional wrestling (colloquially abbreviated to pro wrestling or wrestling) is an athletic form of entertainment based on a portrayal of a combat sport. Taking the form of live events held by touring promotions, it portrays a unique style of combat based on a combination of adopted styles, which include classical w... | What is professional wrestling abbreviated as? | What is professional wrestling abbreviated as? | [
"What is professional wrestling abbreviated as?"
] | {
"text": [
"pro wrestling"
],
"answer_start": [
52
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110364 | 57262c2c271a42140099d6f0 | Professional_wrestling | Professional wrestling (colloquially abbreviated to pro wrestling or wrestling) is an athletic form of entertainment based on a portrayal of a combat sport. Taking the form of live events held by touring promotions, it portrays a unique style of combat based on a combination of adopted styles, which include classical w... | What are a couple of styles of combat based on? | What are a couple of styles of combat based on? | [
"What are a couple of styles of combat based on?"
] | {
"text": [
"classical wrestling, catch wrestling"
],
"answer_start": [
309
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110365 | 57262c2c271a42140099d6f1 | Professional_wrestling | Professional wrestling (colloquially abbreviated to pro wrestling or wrestling) is an athletic form of entertainment based on a portrayal of a combat sport. Taking the form of live events held by touring promotions, it portrays a unique style of combat based on a combination of adopted styles, which include classical w... | Who are live events held by? | Who are live events held by? | [
"Who are live events held by?"
] | {
"text": [
"touring promotions"
],
"answer_start": [
196
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110366 | 57262c2c271a42140099d6f2 | Professional_wrestling | Professional wrestling (colloquially abbreviated to pro wrestling or wrestling) is an athletic form of entertainment based on a portrayal of a combat sport. Taking the form of live events held by touring promotions, it portrays a unique style of combat based on a combination of adopted styles, which include classical w... | What is professional wrestling? | What is professional wrestling? | [
"What is professional wrestling?"
] | {
"text": [
"an athletic form of entertainment based on a portrayal of a combat sport"
],
"answer_start": [
83
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110367 | 57262c2c271a42140099d6f3 | Professional_wrestling | Professional wrestling (colloquially abbreviated to pro wrestling or wrestling) is an athletic form of entertainment based on a portrayal of a combat sport. Taking the form of live events held by touring promotions, it portrays a unique style of combat based on a combination of adopted styles, which include classical w... | What kind of style does wrestling show? | What kind of style does wrestling show? | [
"What kind of style does wrestling show?"
] | {
"text": [
"it portrays a unique style of combat based on a combination of adopted styles, which include classical wrestling"
],
"answer_start": [
216
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110368 | 57262d8f89a1e219009ac4fc | Professional_wrestling | The content including match outcomes is choreographed and the combative actions and reactions are executed in special manners designed to both protect from, yet simulate, pain. These facts were once kept highly secret, but they are now openly declared as the truth. By and large, the true nature of the content is ignore... | How are the actions conducted? | How are the actions conducted? | [
"How are the actions conducted?"
] | {
"text": [
"the combative actions and reactions are executed in special manners designed to both protect from, yet simulate, pain"
],
"answer_start": [
58
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110369 | 57262d8f89a1e219009ac4fd | Professional_wrestling | The content including match outcomes is choreographed and the combative actions and reactions are executed in special manners designed to both protect from, yet simulate, pain. These facts were once kept highly secret, but they are now openly declared as the truth. By and large, the true nature of the content is ignore... | What are the fan encouraged to do? | What are the fan encouraged to do? | [
"What are the fan encouraged to do?"
] | {
"text": [
"willing suspension of disbelief for the audience"
],
"answer_start": [
404
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110370 | 57262d8f89a1e219009ac4fe | Professional_wrestling | The content including match outcomes is choreographed and the combative actions and reactions are executed in special manners designed to both protect from, yet simulate, pain. These facts were once kept highly secret, but they are now openly declared as the truth. By and large, the true nature of the content is ignore... | How is the end result of the match planned out? | How is the end result of the match planned out? | [
"How is the end result of the match planned out?"
] | {
"text": [
"match outcomes is choreographed"
],
"answer_start": [
22
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110371 | 57262d8f89a1e219009ac4ff | Professional_wrestling | The content including match outcomes is choreographed and the combative actions and reactions are executed in special manners designed to both protect from, yet simulate, pain. These facts were once kept highly secret, but they are now openly declared as the truth. By and large, the true nature of the content is ignore... | What do wrestlers have to say about the realness or fakeness of the matches? | What do wrestlers have to say about the realness or fakeness of the matches? | [
"What do wrestlers have to say about the realness or fakeness of the matches?"
] | {
"text": [
"will often directly acknowledge the fictional nature of the spectacle."
],
"answer_start": [
594
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110372 | 57262e6bec44d21400f3dbc7 | Professional_wrestling | Originating as a popular form of entertainment in 19th-century Europe and later as a sideshow exhibition in North American traveling carnivals and vaudeville halls, professional wrestling grew into a standalone genre of entertainment with many diverse variations in cultures around the globe, and is now considered a mul... | What part of the world has wrestling become less popular in? | What part of the world has wrestling become less popular in? | [
"What part of the world has wrestling become less popular in?"
] | {
"text": [
"it has greatly declined in Europe"
],
"answer_start": [
367
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110373 | 57262e6bec44d21400f3dbc8 | Professional_wrestling | Originating as a popular form of entertainment in 19th-century Europe and later as a sideshow exhibition in North American traveling carnivals and vaudeville halls, professional wrestling grew into a standalone genre of entertainment with many diverse variations in cultures around the globe, and is now considered a mul... | Where did wrestling originally come from? | Where did wrestling originally come from? | [
"Where did wrestling originally come from?"
] | {
"text": [
"Originating as a popular form of entertainment in 19th-century Europe"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110374 | 57262e6bec44d21400f3dbc9 | Professional_wrestling | Originating as a popular form of entertainment in 19th-century Europe and later as a sideshow exhibition in North American traveling carnivals and vaudeville halls, professional wrestling grew into a standalone genre of entertainment with many diverse variations in cultures around the globe, and is now considered a mul... | Where was wrestling later showcased in North America? | Where was wrestling later showcased in North America? | [
"Where was wrestling later showcased in North America?"
] | {
"text": [
"later as a sideshow exhibition in North American traveling carnivals and vaudeville halls"
],
"answer_start": [
74
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110375 | 57262e6bec44d21400f3dbca | Professional_wrestling | Originating as a popular form of entertainment in 19th-century Europe and later as a sideshow exhibition in North American traveling carnivals and vaudeville halls, professional wrestling grew into a standalone genre of entertainment with many diverse variations in cultures around the globe, and is now considered a mul... | What is wrestling now thought to be? | What is wrestling now thought to be? | [
"What is wrestling now thought to be?"
] | {
"text": [
"is now considered a multimillion-dollar entertainment industry"
],
"answer_start": [
297
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110376 | 57262e6bec44d21400f3dbcb | Professional_wrestling | Originating as a popular form of entertainment in 19th-century Europe and later as a sideshow exhibition in North American traveling carnivals and vaudeville halls, professional wrestling grew into a standalone genre of entertainment with many diverse variations in cultures around the globe, and is now considered a mul... | What did television do for wrestling? | What did television do for wrestling? | [
"What did television do for wrestling?"
] | {
"text": [
"The advent of television gave professional wrestling a new outlet"
],
"answer_start": [
541
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110377 | 5726316889a1e219009ac538 | Professional_wrestling | Although professional wrestling started out as petty acts in sideshows, traveling circuses and carnivals, today it is a billion-dollar industry. Revenue is drawn from live event ticket sales, network television broadcasts, pay-per-view broadcasts, personal appearances by performers, branded merchandise and home video. ... | Where does the money made from wrestling come from? | Where does the money made from wrestling come from? | [
"Where does the money made from wrestling come from?"
] | {
"text": [
"live event ticket sales, network television broadcasts, pay-per-view broadcasts, personal appearances by performers, branded merchandise and home video"
],
"answer_start": [
167
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110378 | 5726316889a1e219009ac539 | Professional_wrestling | Although professional wrestling started out as petty acts in sideshows, traveling circuses and carnivals, today it is a billion-dollar industry. Revenue is drawn from live event ticket sales, network television broadcasts, pay-per-view broadcasts, personal appearances by performers, branded merchandise and home video. ... | Where large places are some of the major wrestling shows held at? | Where large places are some of the major wrestling shows held at? | [
"Where large places are some of the major wrestling shows held at?"
] | {
"text": [
"Madison Square Garden, as well as football stadiums"
],
"answer_start": [
450
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110379 | 5726316889a1e219009ac53a | Professional_wrestling | Although professional wrestling started out as petty acts in sideshows, traveling circuses and carnivals, today it is a billion-dollar industry. Revenue is drawn from live event ticket sales, network television broadcasts, pay-per-view broadcasts, personal appearances by performers, branded merchandise and home video. ... | What has the internet been utilized for in wrestling? | What has the internet been utilized for in wrestling? | [
"What has the internet been utilized for in wrestling?"
] | {
"text": [
"to air web shows, internet pay-per-views (iPPVs) or on-demand content"
],
"answer_start": [
940
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110380 | 5726316889a1e219009ac53b | Professional_wrestling | Although professional wrestling started out as petty acts in sideshows, traveling circuses and carnivals, today it is a billion-dollar industry. Revenue is drawn from live event ticket sales, network television broadcasts, pay-per-view broadcasts, personal appearances by performers, branded merchandise and home video. ... | what wrestling shows occur yearly? | what wrestling shows occur yearly? | [
"what wrestling shows occur yearly?"
] | {
"text": [
"WrestleMania, SummerSlam, Royal Rumble, and formerly Bash at the Beach, Halloween Havoc and Starrcade"
],
"answer_start": [
693
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110381 | 5726316889a1e219009ac53c | Professional_wrestling | Although professional wrestling started out as petty acts in sideshows, traveling circuses and carnivals, today it is a billion-dollar industry. Revenue is drawn from live event ticket sales, network television broadcasts, pay-per-view broadcasts, personal appearances by performers, branded merchandise and home video. ... | In which decade did wrestling start becoming very popular? | In which decade did wrestling start becoming very popular? | [
"In which decade did wrestling start becoming very popular?"
] | {
"text": [
"Particularly since the 1950s, pro wrestling events have frequently been responsible for sellout crowds at large arenas"
],
"answer_start": [
320
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110382 | 5726320889a1e219009ac542 | Professional_wrestling | Due to its persistent cultural presence and to its novelty within the performing arts, wrestling constitutes a recurring topic in both academia and the media. Several documentaries have been produced looking at professional wrestling, most notably, Beyond the Mat directed by Barry W. Blaustein, and Wrestling with Shado... | What is one popular wrestling film? | What is one popular wrestling film? | [
"What is one popular wrestling film?"
] | {
"text": [
"2008 film The Wrestler"
],
"answer_start": [
443
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110383 | 5726320889a1e219009ac543 | Professional_wrestling | Due to its persistent cultural presence and to its novelty within the performing arts, wrestling constitutes a recurring topic in both academia and the media. Several documentaries have been produced looking at professional wrestling, most notably, Beyond the Mat directed by Barry W. Blaustein, and Wrestling with Shado... | What award was The Wrestler nominated for? | What award was The Wrestler nominated for? | [
"What award was The Wrestler nominated for?"
] | {
"text": [
"several Oscar nominations"
],
"answer_start": [
475
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110384 | 5726320889a1e219009ac544 | Professional_wrestling | Due to its persistent cultural presence and to its novelty within the performing arts, wrestling constitutes a recurring topic in both academia and the media. Several documentaries have been produced looking at professional wrestling, most notably, Beyond the Mat directed by Barry W. Blaustein, and Wrestling with Shado... | What are the names of a couple wrestling documentaries? | What are the names of a couple wrestling documentaries? | [
"What are the names of a couple wrestling documentaries?"
] | {
"text": [
"Beyond the Mat directed by Barry W. Blaustein, and Wrestling with Shadows"
],
"answer_start": [
249
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110385 | 5726320889a1e219009ac545 | Professional_wrestling | Due to its persistent cultural presence and to its novelty within the performing arts, wrestling constitutes a recurring topic in both academia and the media. Several documentaries have been produced looking at professional wrestling, most notably, Beyond the Mat directed by Barry W. Blaustein, and Wrestling with Shado... | Where does wrestling keep coming up as a subject? | Where does wrestling keep coming up as a subject? | [
"Where does wrestling keep coming up as a subject?"
] | {
"text": [
"in both academia and the media"
],
"answer_start": [
127
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110386 | 572632cf89a1e219009ac55e | Professional_wrestling | Currently, the largest professional wrestling company worldwide is the United States-based WWE, which bought out many smaller regional companies in the late 20th century, as well as its primary US competitors WCW and Extreme Championship Wrestling (ECW) in early 2001. Other prominent professional wrestling companies wo... | What is the biggest wrestling company? | What is the biggest wrestling company? | [
"What is the biggest wrestling company?"
] | {
"text": [
"the United States-based WWE"
],
"answer_start": [
67
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110387 | 572632cf89a1e219009ac55f | Professional_wrestling | Currently, the largest professional wrestling company worldwide is the United States-based WWE, which bought out many smaller regional companies in the late 20th century, as well as its primary US competitors WCW and Extreme Championship Wrestling (ECW) in early 2001. Other prominent professional wrestling companies wo... | Which companies are some of WWE's competition? | Which companies are some of WWE's competition? | [
"Which companies are some of WWE's competition?"
] | {
"text": [
"WCW and Extreme Championship Wrestling (ECW)"
],
"answer_start": [
209
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110388 | 572632cf89a1e219009ac560 | Professional_wrestling | Currently, the largest professional wrestling company worldwide is the United States-based WWE, which bought out many smaller regional companies in the late 20th century, as well as its primary US competitors WCW and Extreme Championship Wrestling (ECW) in early 2001. Other prominent professional wrestling companies wo... | What are some other major wrestling companies? | What are some other major wrestling companies? | [
"What are some other major wrestling companies?"
] | {
"text": [
"Total Nonstop Action Wrestling (TNA) and Ring of Honor (ROH), Consejo Mundial de Lucha Libre (CMLL) and Asistencia Asesoría y Administración (AAA)"
],
"answer_start": [
349
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110389 | 572632cf89a1e219009ac561 | Professional_wrestling | Currently, the largest professional wrestling company worldwide is the United States-based WWE, which bought out many smaller regional companies in the late 20th century, as well as its primary US competitors WCW and Extreme Championship Wrestling (ECW) in early 2001. Other prominent professional wrestling companies wo... | What is the name of a Japanese wrestling company? | What is the name of a Japanese wrestling company? | [
"What is the name of a Japanese wrestling company?"
] | {
"text": [
"Japanese New Japan Pro Wrestling (NJPW)"
],
"answer_start": [
515
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110390 | 5726338138643c19005ad2e9 | Professional_wrestling | Gradually, the predetermined nature of professional wrestling became an open secret, as prominent figures in the wrestling business (including WWE owner Vince McMahon) began to publicly admit that wrestling was entertainment, not competition. This public reveal has garnered mixed reactions from the wrestling community,... | Who confessed that wrestling was not competition? | Who confessed that wrestling was not competition? | [
"Who confessed that wrestling was not competition?"
] | {
"text": [
"prominent figures in the wrestling business (including WWE owner Vince McMahon)"
],
"answer_start": [
88
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110391 | 5726338138643c19005ad2ea | Professional_wrestling | Gradually, the predetermined nature of professional wrestling became an open secret, as prominent figures in the wrestling business (including WWE owner Vince McMahon) began to publicly admit that wrestling was entertainment, not competition. This public reveal has garnered mixed reactions from the wrestling community,... | How have people reacted to the revelation that wrestling is purely entertainment? | How have people reacted to the revelation that wrestling is purely entertainment? | [
"How have people reacted to the revelation that wrestling is purely entertainment?"
] | {
"text": [
"This public reveal has garnered mixed reactions from the wrestling community"
],
"answer_start": [
243
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110392 | 5726338138643c19005ad2eb | Professional_wrestling | Gradually, the predetermined nature of professional wrestling became an open secret, as prominent figures in the wrestling business (including WWE owner Vince McMahon) began to publicly admit that wrestling was entertainment, not competition. This public reveal has garnered mixed reactions from the wrestling community,... | How do many U.S. states handle wrestling? | How do many U.S. states handle wrestling? | [
"How do many U.S. states handle wrestling?"
] | {
"text": [
"many U.S. states still regulate professional wrestling as they do other professional competitive sports"
],
"answer_start": [
501
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110393 | 57263451ec44d21400f3dc35 | Professional_wrestling | Professional wrestling shows can be considered a form of theatre in the round, with the ring, ringside area, and entryway comprising a thrust stage. However, there is a much more limited concept of a fourth wall than in most theatric performances. The audience is recognized and acknowledged by the performers as spectat... | How do the wrestlers treat the audience? | How do the wrestlers treat the audience? | [
"How do the wrestlers treat the audience?"
] | {
"text": [
"The audience is recognized and acknowledged by the performers as spectators"
],
"answer_start": [
248
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110394 | 57263451ec44d21400f3dc36 | Professional_wrestling | Professional wrestling shows can be considered a form of theatre in the round, with the ring, ringside area, and entryway comprising a thrust stage. However, there is a much more limited concept of a fourth wall than in most theatric performances. The audience is recognized and acknowledged by the performers as spectat... | How does the audience being acknowledged by the wrestlers impact the show? | How does the audience being acknowledged by the wrestlers impact the show? | [
"How does the audience being acknowledged by the wrestlers impact the show?"
] | {
"text": [
"This leads to a high level of audience participation"
],
"answer_start": [
403
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110395 | 57263451ec44d21400f3dc37 | Professional_wrestling | Professional wrestling shows can be considered a form of theatre in the round, with the ring, ringside area, and entryway comprising a thrust stage. However, there is a much more limited concept of a fourth wall than in most theatric performances. The audience is recognized and acknowledged by the performers as spectat... | What can the audience do during a show? | What can the audience do during a show? | [
"What can the audience do during a show?"
] | {
"text": [
"their reactions can dictate how the performance unfolds."
],
"answer_start": [
466
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110396 | 57263451ec44d21400f3dc38 | Professional_wrestling | Professional wrestling shows can be considered a form of theatre in the round, with the ring, ringside area, and entryway comprising a thrust stage. However, there is a much more limited concept of a fourth wall than in most theatric performances. The audience is recognized and acknowledged by the performers as spectat... | What kind of conflict can arise during a show? | What kind of conflict can arise during a show? | [
"What kind of conflict can arise during a show?"
] | {
"text": [
"Often, individual matches will be part of a longer storyline conflict between \"babyfaces\" (often shortened to just \"faces\") and \"heels\"."
],
"answer_start": [
523
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110397 | 57263451ec44d21400f3dc39 | Professional_wrestling | Professional wrestling shows can be considered a form of theatre in the round, with the ring, ringside area, and entryway comprising a thrust stage. However, there is a much more limited concept of a fourth wall than in most theatric performances. The audience is recognized and acknowledged by the performers as spectat... | Which of the wrestlers are the bad guys? | Which of the wrestlers are the bad guys? | [
"Which of the wrestlers are the bad guys?"
] | {
"text": [
"\"heels\" (the \"bad guys\")"
],
"answer_start": [
765
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110398 | 572634fc271a42140099d76d | Professional_wrestling | Most wrestling matches last for a set number of falls, with the first side to achieve the majority number of pinfalls, submissions, or countouts being the winner. Historically, matches were wrestled to 3 falls ("best 2 out of 3") or 5 falls ("best 3 out of 5"). The standard for modern matches is one fall. However, even... | Who wins in a wrestling match? | Who wins in a wrestling match? | [
"Who wins in a wrestling match?"
] | {
"text": [
"the first side to achieve the majority number of pinfalls, submissions, or countouts being the winner."
],
"answer_start": [
60
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110399 | 572634fc271a42140099d76e | Professional_wrestling | Most wrestling matches last for a set number of falls, with the first side to achieve the majority number of pinfalls, submissions, or countouts being the winner. Historically, matches were wrestled to 3 falls ("best 2 out of 3") or 5 falls ("best 3 out of 5"). The standard for modern matches is one fall. However, even... | How could a wrestler win in the past? | How could a wrestler win in the past? | [
"How could a wrestler win in the past?"
] | {
"text": [
"Historically, matches were wrestled to 3 falls (\"best 2 out of 3\") or 5 falls (\"best 3 out of 5\")."
],
"answer_start": [
163
]
} |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.