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gem-squad_v2-train-113800
5a56c8e56349e2001acdcf36
Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)
The 1998 Strategic Defence Review and the 2003 Delivering Security in a Changing World White Paper outlined the following posture for the British Armed Forces:
What was written by the British Armed Forces in 2003?
What was written by the British Armed Forces in 2003?
[ "What was written by the British Armed Forces in 2003?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-113801
5a56c8e56349e2001acdcf37
Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)
The 1998 Strategic Defence Review and the 2003 Delivering Security in a Changing World White Paper outlined the following posture for the British Armed Forces:
What was outlined by the British Armed Forces in the two publications?
What was outlined by the British Armed Forces in the two publications?
[ "What was outlined by the British Armed Forces in the two publications?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-113802
5a56c8e56349e2001acdcf38
Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)
The 1998 Strategic Defence Review and the 2003 Delivering Security in a Changing World White Paper outlined the following posture for the British Armed Forces:
What was the topic of the paper written by the British Armed Forces in 2003?
What was the topic of the paper written by the British Armed Forces in 2003?
[ "What was the topic of the paper written by the British Armed Forces in 2003?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-113803
56f97a649e9bad19000a0995
Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)
The MoD has since been regarded as a leader in elaborating the post-Cold War organising concept of "defence diplomacy". As a result of the Strategic Defence and Security Review 2010, Prime Minister David Cameron signed a 50-year treaty with French President Nicolas Sarkozy that would have the two countries co-operate intensively in military matters. The UK is establishing air and naval bases in the Persian Gulf, located in the UAE and Bahrain. A presence in Oman is also being considered.
In what concept is the MoD considered a leader?
In what concept is the MoD considered a leader?
[ "In what concept is the MoD considered a leader?" ]
{ "text": [ "defence diplomacy" ], "answer_start": [ 100 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-113804
56f97a649e9bad19000a0996
Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)
The MoD has since been regarded as a leader in elaborating the post-Cold War organising concept of "defence diplomacy". As a result of the Strategic Defence and Security Review 2010, Prime Minister David Cameron signed a 50-year treaty with French President Nicolas Sarkozy that would have the two countries co-operate intensively in military matters. The UK is establishing air and naval bases in the Persian Gulf, located in the UAE and Bahrain. A presence in Oman is also being considered.
Who was the PM of Britain in 2010?
Who was the PM of Britain in 2010?
[ "Who was the PM of Britain in 2010?" ]
{ "text": [ "David Cameron" ], "answer_start": [ 198 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-113805
56f97a649e9bad19000a0997
Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)
The MoD has since been regarded as a leader in elaborating the post-Cold War organising concept of "defence diplomacy". As a result of the Strategic Defence and Security Review 2010, Prime Minister David Cameron signed a 50-year treaty with French President Nicolas Sarkozy that would have the two countries co-operate intensively in military matters. The UK is establishing air and naval bases in the Persian Gulf, located in the UAE and Bahrain. A presence in Oman is also being considered.
Who was the president of France in 2010?
Who was the president of France in 2010?
[ "Who was the president of France in 2010?" ]
{ "text": [ "Nicolas Sarkozy" ], "answer_start": [ 258 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-113806
56f97a649e9bad19000a0998
Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)
The MoD has since been regarded as a leader in elaborating the post-Cold War organising concept of "defence diplomacy". As a result of the Strategic Defence and Security Review 2010, Prime Minister David Cameron signed a 50-year treaty with French President Nicolas Sarkozy that would have the two countries co-operate intensively in military matters. The UK is establishing air and naval bases in the Persian Gulf, located in the UAE and Bahrain. A presence in Oman is also being considered.
In which two countries is the UK installing military bases?
In which two countries is the UK installing military bases?
[ "In which two countries is the UK installing military bases?" ]
{ "text": [ "UAE and Bahrain" ], "answer_start": [ 431 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-113807
56f97a649e9bad19000a0999
Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)
The MoD has since been regarded as a leader in elaborating the post-Cold War organising concept of "defence diplomacy". As a result of the Strategic Defence and Security Review 2010, Prime Minister David Cameron signed a 50-year treaty with French President Nicolas Sarkozy that would have the two countries co-operate intensively in military matters. The UK is establishing air and naval bases in the Persian Gulf, located in the UAE and Bahrain. A presence in Oman is also being considered.
In which other country is the UK thinking about installing a military base?
In which other country is the UK thinking about installing a military base?
[ "In which other country is the UK thinking about installing a military base?" ]
{ "text": [ "Oman" ], "answer_start": [ 462 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-113808
5a56c9b96349e2001acdcf3e
Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)
The MoD has since been regarded as a leader in elaborating the post-Cold War organising concept of "defence diplomacy". As a result of the Strategic Defence and Security Review 2010, Prime Minister David Cameron signed a 50-year treaty with French President Nicolas Sarkozy that would have the two countries co-operate intensively in military matters. The UK is establishing air and naval bases in the Persian Gulf, located in the UAE and Bahrain. A presence in Oman is also being considered.
What is France establishing in the Persian Gulf?
What is France establishing in the Persian Gulf?
[ "What is France establishing in the Persian Gulf?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-113809
5a56c9b96349e2001acdcf3f
Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)
The MoD has since been regarded as a leader in elaborating the post-Cold War organising concept of "defence diplomacy". As a result of the Strategic Defence and Security Review 2010, Prime Minister David Cameron signed a 50-year treaty with French President Nicolas Sarkozy that would have the two countries co-operate intensively in military matters. The UK is establishing air and naval bases in the Persian Gulf, located in the UAE and Bahrain. A presence in Oman is also being considered.
Where is France thinking about also putting air and naval bases?
Where is France thinking about also putting air and naval bases?
[ "Where is France thinking about also putting air and naval bases?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-113810
5a56c9b96349e2001acdcf40
Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)
The MoD has since been regarded as a leader in elaborating the post-Cold War organising concept of "defence diplomacy". As a result of the Strategic Defence and Security Review 2010, Prime Minister David Cameron signed a 50-year treaty with French President Nicolas Sarkozy that would have the two countries co-operate intensively in military matters. The UK is establishing air and naval bases in the Persian Gulf, located in the UAE and Bahrain. A presence in Oman is also being considered.
What concept is France considered a leader in?
What concept is France considered a leader in?
[ "What concept is France considered a leader in?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-113811
5a56c9b96349e2001acdcf41
Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)
The MoD has since been regarded as a leader in elaborating the post-Cold War organising concept of "defence diplomacy". As a result of the Strategic Defence and Security Review 2010, Prime Minister David Cameron signed a 50-year treaty with French President Nicolas Sarkozy that would have the two countries co-operate intensively in military matters. The UK is establishing air and naval bases in the Persian Gulf, located in the UAE and Bahrain. A presence in Oman is also being considered.
What did Oman sign with France?
What did Oman sign with France?
[ "What did Oman sign with France?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-113812
5a56c9b96349e2001acdcf42
Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)
The MoD has since been regarded as a leader in elaborating the post-Cold War organising concept of "defence diplomacy". As a result of the Strategic Defence and Security Review 2010, Prime Minister David Cameron signed a 50-year treaty with French President Nicolas Sarkozy that would have the two countries co-operate intensively in military matters. The UK is establishing air and naval bases in the Persian Gulf, located in the UAE and Bahrain. A presence in Oman is also being considered.
What would the treaty allow Oman and France to do?
What would the treaty allow Oman and France to do?
[ "What would the treaty allow Oman and France to do?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-113813
56f97afc9e9bad19000a099f
Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)
The Strategic Defence and Security Review 2015 included £178 billion investment in new equipment and capabilities. The review set a defence policy with four primary missions for the Armed Forces:
How much was the investment in new equipment and capabilities worth?
How much was the investment in new equipment and capabilities worth?
[ "How much was the investment in new equipment and capabilities worth?" ]
{ "text": [ "£178 billion" ], "answer_start": [ 56 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-113814
56f97afc9e9bad19000a09a0
Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)
The Strategic Defence and Security Review 2015 included £178 billion investment in new equipment and capabilities. The review set a defence policy with four primary missions for the Armed Forces:
In which year was a £178 billion investment made?
In which year was a £178 billion investment made?
[ "In which year was a £178 billion investment made?" ]
{ "text": [ "2015" ], "answer_start": [ 42 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-113815
56f97afc9e9bad19000a09a1
Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)
The Strategic Defence and Security Review 2015 included £178 billion investment in new equipment and capabilities. The review set a defence policy with four primary missions for the Armed Forces:
How many primary missions were included in the 2015 Review?
How many primary missions were included in the 2015 Review?
[ "How many primary missions were included in the 2015 Review?" ]
{ "text": [ "four" ], "answer_start": [ 152 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-113816
56f97afc9e9bad19000a09a2
Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)
The Strategic Defence and Security Review 2015 included £178 billion investment in new equipment and capabilities. The review set a defence policy with four primary missions for the Armed Forces:
What is the name of the yearly statement released by the MoD?
What is the name of the yearly statement released by the MoD?
[ "What is the name of the yearly statement released by the MoD?" ]
{ "text": [ "The Strategic Defence and Security Review" ], "answer_start": [ 0 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-113817
5a56cb4f6349e2001acdcf48
Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)
The Strategic Defence and Security Review 2015 included £178 billion investment in new equipment and capabilities. The review set a defence policy with four primary missions for the Armed Forces:
How much did the Strategic Defence and Security Review cost to produce?
How much did the Strategic Defence and Security Review cost to produce?
[ "How much did the Strategic Defence and Security Review cost to produce?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-113818
5a56cb4f6349e2001acdcf49
Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)
The Strategic Defence and Security Review 2015 included £178 billion investment in new equipment and capabilities. The review set a defence policy with four primary missions for the Armed Forces:
How much did the government invest in four primary missions?
How much did the government invest in four primary missions?
[ "How much did the government invest in four primary missions?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-113819
5a56cb4f6349e2001acdcf4a
Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)
The Strategic Defence and Security Review 2015 included £178 billion investment in new equipment and capabilities. The review set a defence policy with four primary missions for the Armed Forces:
What is the name of the defence policy of the Armed Forces in 2015?
What is the name of the defence policy of the Armed Forces in 2015?
[ "What is the name of the defence policy of the Armed Forces in 2015?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-113820
5a56cb4f6349e2001acdcf4b
Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)
The Strategic Defence and Security Review 2015 included £178 billion investment in new equipment and capabilities. The review set a defence policy with four primary missions for the Armed Forces:
When did the Armed Forces take part in four primary missions?
When did the Armed Forces take part in four primary missions?
[ "When did the Armed Forces take part in four primary missions?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-113821
5a56cb4f6349e2001acdcf4c
Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)
The Strategic Defence and Security Review 2015 included £178 billion investment in new equipment and capabilities. The review set a defence policy with four primary missions for the Armed Forces:
What did the Armed Forces set for the Strategic Defense and Security Review?
What did the Armed Forces set for the Strategic Defense and Security Review?
[ "What did the Armed Forces set for the Strategic Defense and Security Review?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-113822
56f97b8e9b226e1400dd1498
Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)
Following the end of the Cold War, the threat of direct conventional military confrontation with other states has been replaced by terrorism. Sir Richard Dannatt predicted British forces to be involved in combating "predatory non-state actors" for the foreseeable future, in what he called an "era of persistent conflict". He told the Chatham House think tank that the fight against al-Qaeda and other militant Islamist groups was "probably the fight of our generation".
What was the new threat that arose after the end of the Cold War?
What was the new threat that arose after the end of the Cold War?
[ "What was the new threat that arose after the end of the Cold War?" ]
{ "text": [ "terrorism" ], "answer_start": [ 131 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-113823
5a56cc9b6349e2001acdcf52
Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)
Following the end of the Cold War, the threat of direct conventional military confrontation with other states has been replaced by terrorism. Sir Richard Dannatt predicted British forces to be involved in combating "predatory non-state actors" for the foreseeable future, in what he called an "era of persistent conflict". He told the Chatham House think tank that the fight against al-Qaeda and other militant Islamist groups was "probably the fight of our generation".
What was fighting during the Cold War considered by Dannatt?
What was fighting during the Cold War considered by Dannatt?
[ "What was fighting during the Cold War considered by Dannatt?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-113824
5a56cc9b6349e2001acdcf53
Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)
Following the end of the Cold War, the threat of direct conventional military confrontation with other states has been replaced by terrorism. Sir Richard Dannatt predicted British forces to be involved in combating "predatory non-state actors" for the foreseeable future, in what he called an "era of persistent conflict". He told the Chatham House think tank that the fight against al-Qaeda and other militant Islamist groups was "probably the fight of our generation".
What was the Cold War era also called?
What was the Cold War era also called?
[ "What was the Cold War era also called?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-113825
5a56cc9b6349e2001acdcf54
Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)
Following the end of the Cold War, the threat of direct conventional military confrontation with other states has been replaced by terrorism. Sir Richard Dannatt predicted British forces to be involved in combating "predatory non-state actors" for the foreseeable future, in what he called an "era of persistent conflict". He told the Chatham House think tank that the fight against al-Qaeda and other militant Islamist groups was "probably the fight of our generation".
What has the threat of terrorism been replaced by?
What has the threat of terrorism been replaced by?
[ "What has the threat of terrorism been replaced by?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-113826
5a56cc9b6349e2001acdcf55
Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)
Following the end of the Cold War, the threat of direct conventional military confrontation with other states has been replaced by terrorism. Sir Richard Dannatt predicted British forces to be involved in combating "predatory non-state actors" for the foreseeable future, in what he called an "era of persistent conflict". He told the Chatham House think tank that the fight against al-Qaeda and other militant Islamist groups was "probably the fight of our generation".
What does Chatham House predict al-Qaeda will fight in the future?
What does Chatham House predict al-Qaeda will fight in the future?
[ "What does Chatham House predict al-Qaeda will fight in the future?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-113827
5a56cc9b6349e2001acdcf56
Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)
Following the end of the Cold War, the threat of direct conventional military confrontation with other states has been replaced by terrorism. Sir Richard Dannatt predicted British forces to be involved in combating "predatory non-state actors" for the foreseeable future, in what he called an "era of persistent conflict". He told the Chatham House think tank that the fight against al-Qaeda and other militant Islamist groups was "probably the fight of our generation".
Who was involved with terrorism in the Cold War?
Who was involved with terrorism in the Cold War?
[ "Who was involved with terrorism in the Cold War?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-113828
56f97d559e9bad19000a09a7
Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)
Dannatt criticised a remnant "Cold War mentality", with military expenditures based on retaining a capability against a direct conventional strategic threat; He said currently only 10% of the MoD's equipment programme budget between 2003 and 2018 was to be invested in the "land environment"—at a time when Britain was engaged in land-based wars in Afghanistan and Iraq.
Military spending that is based on conventional threats has been dismissed as what?
Military spending that is based on conventional threats has been dismissed as what?
[ "Military spending that is based on conventional threats has been dismissed as what?" ]
{ "text": [ "Cold War mentality" ], "answer_start": [ 30 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-113829
56f97d559e9bad19000a09a8
Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)
Dannatt criticised a remnant "Cold War mentality", with military expenditures based on retaining a capability against a direct conventional strategic threat; He said currently only 10% of the MoD's equipment programme budget between 2003 and 2018 was to be invested in the "land environment"—at a time when Britain was engaged in land-based wars in Afghanistan and Iraq.
How much of the MoD's equipment budget is invested in the "land environment"?
How much of the MoD's equipment budget is invested in the "land environment"?
[ "How much of the MoD's equipment budget is invested in the \"land environment\"?" ]
{ "text": [ "10%" ], "answer_start": [ 181 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-113830
56f97d559e9bad19000a09a9
Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)
Dannatt criticised a remnant "Cold War mentality", with military expenditures based on retaining a capability against a direct conventional strategic threat; He said currently only 10% of the MoD's equipment programme budget between 2003 and 2018 was to be invested in the "land environment"—at a time when Britain was engaged in land-based wars in Afghanistan and Iraq.
Where was Britain involved in a land war when some thought that land wars were basically a thing of the past?
Where was Britain involved in a land war when some thought that land wars were basically a thing of the past?
[ "Where was Britain involved in a land war when some thought that land wars were basically a thing of the past?" ]
{ "text": [ "Afghanistan and Iraq" ], "answer_start": [ 349 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-113831
56f97d559e9bad19000a09aa
Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)
Dannatt criticised a remnant "Cold War mentality", with military expenditures based on retaining a capability against a direct conventional strategic threat; He said currently only 10% of the MoD's equipment programme budget between 2003 and 2018 was to be invested in the "land environment"—at a time when Britain was engaged in land-based wars in Afghanistan and Iraq.
Which years make up the time span mentioned for the military budget numbers?
Which years make up the time span mentioned for the military budget numbers?
[ "Which years make up the time span mentioned for the military budget numbers?" ]
{ "text": [ "2003 and 2018" ], "answer_start": [ 233 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-113832
5a56cdf36349e2001acdcf5c
Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)
Dannatt criticised a remnant "Cold War mentality", with military expenditures based on retaining a capability against a direct conventional strategic threat; He said currently only 10% of the MoD's equipment programme budget between 2003 and 2018 was to be invested in the "land environment"—at a time when Britain was engaged in land-based wars in Afghanistan and Iraq.
What percentage of Iraq's budget was invested to help fight a direct threat in 2003?
What percentage of Iraq's budget was invested to help fight a direct threat in 2003?
[ "What percentage of Iraq's budget was invested to help fight a direct threat in 2003?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-113833
5a56cdf36349e2001acdcf5d
Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)
Dannatt criticised a remnant "Cold War mentality", with military expenditures based on retaining a capability against a direct conventional strategic threat; He said currently only 10% of the MoD's equipment programme budget between 2003 and 2018 was to be invested in the "land environment"—at a time when Britain was engaged in land-based wars in Afghanistan and Iraq.
What two countries were also involved in the Cold War?
What two countries were also involved in the Cold War?
[ "What two countries were also involved in the Cold War?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-113834
5a56cdf36349e2001acdcf5e
Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)
Dannatt criticised a remnant "Cold War mentality", with military expenditures based on retaining a capability against a direct conventional strategic threat; He said currently only 10% of the MoD's equipment programme budget between 2003 and 2018 was to be invested in the "land environment"—at a time when Britain was engaged in land-based wars in Afghanistan and Iraq.
What is it called when Iraq was criticized for their military budget to stop a threat?
What is it called when Iraq was criticized for their military budget to stop a threat?
[ "What is it called when Iraq was criticized for their military budget to stop a threat?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-113835
5a56cdf36349e2001acdcf5f
Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)
Dannatt criticised a remnant "Cold War mentality", with military expenditures based on retaining a capability against a direct conventional strategic threat; He said currently only 10% of the MoD's equipment programme budget between 2003 and 2018 was to be invested in the "land environment"—at a time when Britain was engaged in land-based wars in Afghanistan and Iraq.
What time period was Britain involved in the Cold War?
What time period was Britain involved in the Cold War?
[ "What time period was Britain involved in the Cold War?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-113836
5a56cdf36349e2001acdcf60
Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)
Dannatt criticised a remnant "Cold War mentality", with military expenditures based on retaining a capability against a direct conventional strategic threat; He said currently only 10% of the MoD's equipment programme budget between 2003 and 2018 was to be invested in the "land environment"—at a time when Britain was engaged in land-based wars in Afghanistan and Iraq.
What was 10% of Iraq's military budget to be invested in?
What was 10% of Iraq's military budget to be invested in?
[ "What was 10% of Iraq's military budget to be invested in?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-113837
56f97e179b226e1400dd14b9
Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)
The Defence Committee—Third Report "Defence Equipment 2009" cites an article from the Financial Times website stating that the Chief of Defence Materiel, General Sir Kevin O’Donoghue, had instructed staff within Defence Equipment and Support (DE&S) through an internal memorandum to reprioritize the approvals process to focus on supporting current operations over the next three years; deterrence related programmes; those that reflect defence obligations both contractual or international; and those where production contracts are already signed. The report also cites concerns over potential cuts in the defence science and technology research budget; implications of inappropriate estimation of Defence Inflation within budgetary processes; underfunding in the Equipment Programme; and a general concern over striking the appropriate balance over a short-term focus (Current Operations) and long-term consequences of failure to invest in the delivery of future UK defence capabilities on future combatants and campaigns. The then Secretary of State for Defence, Bob Ainsworth MP, reinforced this reprioritisation of focus on current operations and had not ruled out "major shifts" in defence spending. In the same article the First Sea Lord and Chief of the Naval Staff, Admiral Sir Mark Stanhope, Royal Navy, acknowledged that there was not enough money within the defence budget and it is preparing itself for tough decisions and the potential for cutbacks. According to figures published by the London Evening Standard the defence budget for 2009 is "more than 10% overspent" (figures cannot be verified) and the paper states that this had caused Gordon Brown to say that the defence spending must be cut. The MoD has been investing in IT to cut costs and improve services for its personnel.
Who was the Chief of Defence Materiel in 2009?
Who was the Chief of Defence Materiel in 2009?
[ "Who was the Chief of Defence Materiel in 2009?" ]
{ "text": [ "General Sir Kevin O’Donoghue" ], "answer_start": [ 154 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-113838
56f97e179b226e1400dd14ba
Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)
The Defence Committee—Third Report "Defence Equipment 2009" cites an article from the Financial Times website stating that the Chief of Defence Materiel, General Sir Kevin O’Donoghue, had instructed staff within Defence Equipment and Support (DE&S) through an internal memorandum to reprioritize the approvals process to focus on supporting current operations over the next three years; deterrence related programmes; those that reflect defence obligations both contractual or international; and those where production contracts are already signed. The report also cites concerns over potential cuts in the defence science and technology research budget; implications of inappropriate estimation of Defence Inflation within budgetary processes; underfunding in the Equipment Programme; and a general concern over striking the appropriate balance over a short-term focus (Current Operations) and long-term consequences of failure to invest in the delivery of future UK defence capabilities on future combatants and campaigns. The then Secretary of State for Defence, Bob Ainsworth MP, reinforced this reprioritisation of focus on current operations and had not ruled out "major shifts" in defence spending. In the same article the First Sea Lord and Chief of the Naval Staff, Admiral Sir Mark Stanhope, Royal Navy, acknowledged that there was not enough money within the defence budget and it is preparing itself for tough decisions and the potential for cutbacks. According to figures published by the London Evening Standard the defence budget for 2009 is "more than 10% overspent" (figures cannot be verified) and the paper states that this had caused Gordon Brown to say that the defence spending must be cut. The MoD has been investing in IT to cut costs and improve services for its personnel.
Which department is overseen by the Chief of Defence Materiel?
Which department is overseen by the Chief of Defence Materiel?
[ "Which department is overseen by the Chief of Defence Materiel?" ]
{ "text": [ "Defence Equipment and Support (DE&S)" ], "answer_start": [ 212 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-113839
56f97e179b226e1400dd14bb
Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)
The Defence Committee—Third Report "Defence Equipment 2009" cites an article from the Financial Times website stating that the Chief of Defence Materiel, General Sir Kevin O’Donoghue, had instructed staff within Defence Equipment and Support (DE&S) through an internal memorandum to reprioritize the approvals process to focus on supporting current operations over the next three years; deterrence related programmes; those that reflect defence obligations both contractual or international; and those where production contracts are already signed. The report also cites concerns over potential cuts in the defence science and technology research budget; implications of inappropriate estimation of Defence Inflation within budgetary processes; underfunding in the Equipment Programme; and a general concern over striking the appropriate balance over a short-term focus (Current Operations) and long-term consequences of failure to invest in the delivery of future UK defence capabilities on future combatants and campaigns. The then Secretary of State for Defence, Bob Ainsworth MP, reinforced this reprioritisation of focus on current operations and had not ruled out "major shifts" in defence spending. In the same article the First Sea Lord and Chief of the Naval Staff, Admiral Sir Mark Stanhope, Royal Navy, acknowledged that there was not enough money within the defence budget and it is preparing itself for tough decisions and the potential for cutbacks. According to figures published by the London Evening Standard the defence budget for 2009 is "more than 10% overspent" (figures cannot be verified) and the paper states that this had caused Gordon Brown to say that the defence spending must be cut. The MoD has been investing in IT to cut costs and improve services for its personnel.
Which programme was mentioned as being underfunded?
Which programme was mentioned as being underfunded?
[ "Which programme was mentioned as being underfunded?" ]
{ "text": [ "Equipment Programme" ], "answer_start": [ 765 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-113840
56f97e179b226e1400dd14bc
Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)
The Defence Committee—Third Report "Defence Equipment 2009" cites an article from the Financial Times website stating that the Chief of Defence Materiel, General Sir Kevin O’Donoghue, had instructed staff within Defence Equipment and Support (DE&S) through an internal memorandum to reprioritize the approvals process to focus on supporting current operations over the next three years; deterrence related programmes; those that reflect defence obligations both contractual or international; and those where production contracts are already signed. The report also cites concerns over potential cuts in the defence science and technology research budget; implications of inappropriate estimation of Defence Inflation within budgetary processes; underfunding in the Equipment Programme; and a general concern over striking the appropriate balance over a short-term focus (Current Operations) and long-term consequences of failure to invest in the delivery of future UK defence capabilities on future combatants and campaigns. The then Secretary of State for Defence, Bob Ainsworth MP, reinforced this reprioritisation of focus on current operations and had not ruled out "major shifts" in defence spending. In the same article the First Sea Lord and Chief of the Naval Staff, Admiral Sir Mark Stanhope, Royal Navy, acknowledged that there was not enough money within the defence budget and it is preparing itself for tough decisions and the potential for cutbacks. According to figures published by the London Evening Standard the defence budget for 2009 is "more than 10% overspent" (figures cannot be verified) and the paper states that this had caused Gordon Brown to say that the defence spending must be cut. The MoD has been investing in IT to cut costs and improve services for its personnel.
Who was the Secretary of State for Defence in 2009?
Who was the Secretary of State for Defence in 2009?
[ "Who was the Secretary of State for Defence in 2009?" ]
{ "text": [ "Bob Ainsworth MP" ], "answer_start": [ 1066 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-113841
56f97e179b226e1400dd14bd
Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)
The Defence Committee—Third Report "Defence Equipment 2009" cites an article from the Financial Times website stating that the Chief of Defence Materiel, General Sir Kevin O’Donoghue, had instructed staff within Defence Equipment and Support (DE&S) through an internal memorandum to reprioritize the approvals process to focus on supporting current operations over the next three years; deterrence related programmes; those that reflect defence obligations both contractual or international; and those where production contracts are already signed. The report also cites concerns over potential cuts in the defence science and technology research budget; implications of inappropriate estimation of Defence Inflation within budgetary processes; underfunding in the Equipment Programme; and a general concern over striking the appropriate balance over a short-term focus (Current Operations) and long-term consequences of failure to invest in the delivery of future UK defence capabilities on future combatants and campaigns. The then Secretary of State for Defence, Bob Ainsworth MP, reinforced this reprioritisation of focus on current operations and had not ruled out "major shifts" in defence spending. In the same article the First Sea Lord and Chief of the Naval Staff, Admiral Sir Mark Stanhope, Royal Navy, acknowledged that there was not enough money within the defence budget and it is preparing itself for tough decisions and the potential for cutbacks. According to figures published by the London Evening Standard the defence budget for 2009 is "more than 10% overspent" (figures cannot be verified) and the paper states that this had caused Gordon Brown to say that the defence spending must be cut. The MoD has been investing in IT to cut costs and improve services for its personnel.
Which publication said the 2009 defence budget was more than 10% overbudget?
Which publication said the 2009 defence budget was more than 10% overbudget?
[ "Which publication said the 2009 defence budget was more than 10% overbudget?" ]
{ "text": [ "London Evening Standard" ], "answer_start": [ 1502 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-113842
5a56d1a86349e2001acdcf66
Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)
The Defence Committee—Third Report "Defence Equipment 2009" cites an article from the Financial Times website stating that the Chief of Defence Materiel, General Sir Kevin O’Donoghue, had instructed staff within Defence Equipment and Support (DE&S) through an internal memorandum to reprioritize the approvals process to focus on supporting current operations over the next three years; deterrence related programmes; those that reflect defence obligations both contractual or international; and those where production contracts are already signed. The report also cites concerns over potential cuts in the defence science and technology research budget; implications of inappropriate estimation of Defence Inflation within budgetary processes; underfunding in the Equipment Programme; and a general concern over striking the appropriate balance over a short-term focus (Current Operations) and long-term consequences of failure to invest in the delivery of future UK defence capabilities on future combatants and campaigns. The then Secretary of State for Defence, Bob Ainsworth MP, reinforced this reprioritisation of focus on current operations and had not ruled out "major shifts" in defence spending. In the same article the First Sea Lord and Chief of the Naval Staff, Admiral Sir Mark Stanhope, Royal Navy, acknowledged that there was not enough money within the defence budget and it is preparing itself for tough decisions and the potential for cutbacks. According to figures published by the London Evening Standard the defence budget for 2009 is "more than 10% overspent" (figures cannot be verified) and the paper states that this had caused Gordon Brown to say that the defence spending must be cut. The MoD has been investing in IT to cut costs and improve services for its personnel.
Who is the head of the London Evening Standard?
Who is the head of the London Evening Standard?
[ "Who is the head of the London Evening Standard?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-113843
5a56d1a86349e2001acdcf67
Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)
The Defence Committee—Third Report "Defence Equipment 2009" cites an article from the Financial Times website stating that the Chief of Defence Materiel, General Sir Kevin O’Donoghue, had instructed staff within Defence Equipment and Support (DE&S) through an internal memorandum to reprioritize the approvals process to focus on supporting current operations over the next three years; deterrence related programmes; those that reflect defence obligations both contractual or international; and those where production contracts are already signed. The report also cites concerns over potential cuts in the defence science and technology research budget; implications of inappropriate estimation of Defence Inflation within budgetary processes; underfunding in the Equipment Programme; and a general concern over striking the appropriate balance over a short-term focus (Current Operations) and long-term consequences of failure to invest in the delivery of future UK defence capabilities on future combatants and campaigns. The then Secretary of State for Defence, Bob Ainsworth MP, reinforced this reprioritisation of focus on current operations and had not ruled out "major shifts" in defence spending. In the same article the First Sea Lord and Chief of the Naval Staff, Admiral Sir Mark Stanhope, Royal Navy, acknowledged that there was not enough money within the defence budget and it is preparing itself for tough decisions and the potential for cutbacks. According to figures published by the London Evening Standard the defence budget for 2009 is "more than 10% overspent" (figures cannot be verified) and the paper states that this had caused Gordon Brown to say that the defence spending must be cut. The MoD has been investing in IT to cut costs and improve services for its personnel.
What did the MoD mention about the defence science and technology budget?
What did the MoD mention about the defence science and technology budget?
[ "What did the MoD mention about the defence science and technology budget?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-113844
5a56d1a86349e2001acdcf68
Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)
The Defence Committee—Third Report "Defence Equipment 2009" cites an article from the Financial Times website stating that the Chief of Defence Materiel, General Sir Kevin O’Donoghue, had instructed staff within Defence Equipment and Support (DE&S) through an internal memorandum to reprioritize the approvals process to focus on supporting current operations over the next three years; deterrence related programmes; those that reflect defence obligations both contractual or international; and those where production contracts are already signed. The report also cites concerns over potential cuts in the defence science and technology research budget; implications of inappropriate estimation of Defence Inflation within budgetary processes; underfunding in the Equipment Programme; and a general concern over striking the appropriate balance over a short-term focus (Current Operations) and long-term consequences of failure to invest in the delivery of future UK defence capabilities on future combatants and campaigns. The then Secretary of State for Defence, Bob Ainsworth MP, reinforced this reprioritisation of focus on current operations and had not ruled out "major shifts" in defence spending. In the same article the First Sea Lord and Chief of the Naval Staff, Admiral Sir Mark Stanhope, Royal Navy, acknowledged that there was not enough money within the defence budget and it is preparing itself for tough decisions and the potential for cutbacks. According to figures published by the London Evening Standard the defence budget for 2009 is "more than 10% overspent" (figures cannot be verified) and the paper states that this had caused Gordon Brown to say that the defence spending must be cut. The MoD has been investing in IT to cut costs and improve services for its personnel.
What has the Equipment Programme done with its budget in 2009 according to an internal memo?
What has the Equipment Programme done with its budget in 2009 according to an internal memo?
[ "What has the Equipment Programme done with its budget in 2009 according to an internal memo?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-113845
5a56d1a86349e2001acdcf69
Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)
The Defence Committee—Third Report "Defence Equipment 2009" cites an article from the Financial Times website stating that the Chief of Defence Materiel, General Sir Kevin O’Donoghue, had instructed staff within Defence Equipment and Support (DE&S) through an internal memorandum to reprioritize the approvals process to focus on supporting current operations over the next three years; deterrence related programmes; those that reflect defence obligations both contractual or international; and those where production contracts are already signed. The report also cites concerns over potential cuts in the defence science and technology research budget; implications of inappropriate estimation of Defence Inflation within budgetary processes; underfunding in the Equipment Programme; and a general concern over striking the appropriate balance over a short-term focus (Current Operations) and long-term consequences of failure to invest in the delivery of future UK defence capabilities on future combatants and campaigns. The then Secretary of State for Defence, Bob Ainsworth MP, reinforced this reprioritisation of focus on current operations and had not ruled out "major shifts" in defence spending. In the same article the First Sea Lord and Chief of the Naval Staff, Admiral Sir Mark Stanhope, Royal Navy, acknowledged that there was not enough money within the defence budget and it is preparing itself for tough decisions and the potential for cutbacks. According to figures published by the London Evening Standard the defence budget for 2009 is "more than 10% overspent" (figures cannot be verified) and the paper states that this had caused Gordon Brown to say that the defence spending must be cut. The MoD has been investing in IT to cut costs and improve services for its personnel.
What has the Equipment Programme been investing in to cut costs and improve personnel services?
What has the Equipment Programme been investing in to cut costs and improve personnel services?
[ "What has the Equipment Programme been investing in to cut costs and improve personnel services?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-113846
5a56d1a86349e2001acdcf6a
Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)
The Defence Committee—Third Report "Defence Equipment 2009" cites an article from the Financial Times website stating that the Chief of Defence Materiel, General Sir Kevin O’Donoghue, had instructed staff within Defence Equipment and Support (DE&S) through an internal memorandum to reprioritize the approvals process to focus on supporting current operations over the next three years; deterrence related programmes; those that reflect defence obligations both contractual or international; and those where production contracts are already signed. The report also cites concerns over potential cuts in the defence science and technology research budget; implications of inappropriate estimation of Defence Inflation within budgetary processes; underfunding in the Equipment Programme; and a general concern over striking the appropriate balance over a short-term focus (Current Operations) and long-term consequences of failure to invest in the delivery of future UK defence capabilities on future combatants and campaigns. The then Secretary of State for Defence, Bob Ainsworth MP, reinforced this reprioritisation of focus on current operations and had not ruled out "major shifts" in defence spending. In the same article the First Sea Lord and Chief of the Naval Staff, Admiral Sir Mark Stanhope, Royal Navy, acknowledged that there was not enough money within the defence budget and it is preparing itself for tough decisions and the potential for cutbacks. According to figures published by the London Evening Standard the defence budget for 2009 is "more than 10% overspent" (figures cannot be verified) and the paper states that this had caused Gordon Brown to say that the defence spending must be cut. The MoD has been investing in IT to cut costs and improve services for its personnel.
What did former Secretary of State for Defence Mark Stanhope not rule out for spending on personnel?
What did former Secretary of State for Defence Mark Stanhope not rule out for spending on personnel?
[ "What did former Secretary of State for Defence Mark Stanhope not rule out for spending on personnel?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-113847
56f97f629b226e1400dd14cb
Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)
The Ministry of Defence is one of the United Kingdom's largest landowners, owning 227,300 hectares of land and foreshore (either freehold or leasehold) at April 2014, which was valued at "about £20 billion". The MoD also has "rights of access" to a further 222,000 hectares. In total, this is about 1.8% of the UK land mass. The total annual cost to support the defence estate is "in excess of £3.3 billion".
How much land is owned by the MoD?
How much land is owned by the MoD?
[ "How much land is owned by the MoD?" ]
{ "text": [ "227,300 hectares" ], "answer_start": [ 82 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-113848
56f97f629b226e1400dd14cc
Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)
The Ministry of Defence is one of the United Kingdom's largest landowners, owning 227,300 hectares of land and foreshore (either freehold or leasehold) at April 2014, which was valued at "about £20 billion". The MoD also has "rights of access" to a further 222,000 hectares. In total, this is about 1.8% of the UK land mass. The total annual cost to support the defence estate is "in excess of £3.3 billion".
How much is the land owned by the MoD worth?
How much is the land owned by the MoD worth?
[ "How much is the land owned by the MoD worth?" ]
{ "text": [ "£20 billion" ], "answer_start": [ 194 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-113849
56f97f629b226e1400dd14cd
Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)
The Ministry of Defence is one of the United Kingdom's largest landowners, owning 227,300 hectares of land and foreshore (either freehold or leasehold) at April 2014, which was valued at "about £20 billion". The MoD also has "rights of access" to a further 222,000 hectares. In total, this is about 1.8% of the UK land mass. The total annual cost to support the defence estate is "in excess of £3.3 billion".
The MoD owns or has rights of access to what percentage of the UK's total land?
The MoD owns or has rights of access to what percentage of the UK's total land?
[ "The MoD owns or has rights of access to what percentage of the UK's total land?" ]
{ "text": [ "1.8%" ], "answer_start": [ 299 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-113850
56f97f629b226e1400dd14ce
Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)
The Ministry of Defence is one of the United Kingdom's largest landowners, owning 227,300 hectares of land and foreshore (either freehold or leasehold) at April 2014, which was valued at "about £20 billion". The MoD also has "rights of access" to a further 222,000 hectares. In total, this is about 1.8% of the UK land mass. The total annual cost to support the defence estate is "in excess of £3.3 billion".
How much is the annual cost to support the defence estate?
How much is the annual cost to support the defence estate?
[ "How much is the annual cost to support the defence estate?" ]
{ "text": [ "in excess of £3.3 billion" ], "answer_start": [ 381 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-113851
56f97f629b226e1400dd14cf
Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)
The Ministry of Defence is one of the United Kingdom's largest landowners, owning 227,300 hectares of land and foreshore (either freehold or leasehold) at April 2014, which was valued at "about £20 billion". The MoD also has "rights of access" to a further 222,000 hectares. In total, this is about 1.8% of the UK land mass. The total annual cost to support the defence estate is "in excess of £3.3 billion".
Who is one of the largest landowners in the UK?
Who is one of the largest landowners in the UK?
[ "Who is one of the largest landowners in the UK?" ]
{ "text": [ "The Ministry of Defence" ], "answer_start": [ 0 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-113852
5a56d3866349e2001acdcf70
Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)
The Ministry of Defence is one of the United Kingdom's largest landowners, owning 227,300 hectares of land and foreshore (either freehold or leasehold) at April 2014, which was valued at "about £20 billion". The MoD also has "rights of access" to a further 222,000 hectares. In total, this is about 1.8% of the UK land mass. The total annual cost to support the defence estate is "in excess of £3.3 billion".
Who is one of the UK's largest owners of debt?
Who is one of the UK's largest owners of debt?
[ "Who is one of the UK's largest owners of debt?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-113853
5a56d3866349e2001acdcf71
Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)
The Ministry of Defence is one of the United Kingdom's largest landowners, owning 227,300 hectares of land and foreshore (either freehold or leasehold) at April 2014, which was valued at "about £20 billion". The MoD also has "rights of access" to a further 222,000 hectares. In total, this is about 1.8% of the UK land mass. The total annual cost to support the defence estate is "in excess of £3.3 billion".
How much debt does the Ministry of Defence own?
How much debt does the Ministry of Defence own?
[ "How much debt does the Ministry of Defence own?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-113854
5a56d3866349e2001acdcf72
Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)
The Ministry of Defence is one of the United Kingdom's largest landowners, owning 227,300 hectares of land and foreshore (either freehold or leasehold) at April 2014, which was valued at "about £20 billion". The MoD also has "rights of access" to a further 222,000 hectares. In total, this is about 1.8% of the UK land mass. The total annual cost to support the defence estate is "in excess of £3.3 billion".
What is the annual cost to support rights of access for UK citizens?
What is the annual cost to support rights of access for UK citizens?
[ "What is the annual cost to support rights of access for UK citizens?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-113855
5a56d3866349e2001acdcf73
Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)
The Ministry of Defence is one of the United Kingdom's largest landowners, owning 227,300 hectares of land and foreshore (either freehold or leasehold) at April 2014, which was valued at "about £20 billion". The MoD also has "rights of access" to a further 222,000 hectares. In total, this is about 1.8% of the UK land mass. The total annual cost to support the defence estate is "in excess of £3.3 billion".
How much of the population of the UK has rights of access?
How much of the population of the UK has rights of access?
[ "How much of the population of the UK has rights of access?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-113856
5a56d3866349e2001acdcf74
Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)
The Ministry of Defence is one of the United Kingdom's largest landowners, owning 227,300 hectares of land and foreshore (either freehold or leasehold) at April 2014, which was valued at "about £20 billion". The MoD also has "rights of access" to a further 222,000 hectares. In total, this is about 1.8% of the UK land mass. The total annual cost to support the defence estate is "in excess of £3.3 billion".
What is the total cost of supporting UK citizens rights to own land?
What is the total cost of supporting UK citizens rights to own land?
[ "What is the total cost of supporting UK citizens rights to own land?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-113857
56f980059e9bad19000a09d9
Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)
The defence estate is divided as training areas & ranges (84.0%), research & development (5.4%), airfields (3.4%), barracks & camps (2.5%), storage & supply depots (1.6%), and other (3.0%). These are largely managed by the Defence Infrastructure Organisation.
What percentage of the defence estate makes up training areas and ranges?
What percentage of the defence estate makes up training areas and ranges?
[ "What percentage of the defence estate makes up training areas and ranges?" ]
{ "text": [ "84.0%" ], "answer_start": [ 58 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-113858
56f980059e9bad19000a09da
Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)
The defence estate is divided as training areas & ranges (84.0%), research & development (5.4%), airfields (3.4%), barracks & camps (2.5%), storage & supply depots (1.6%), and other (3.0%). These are largely managed by the Defence Infrastructure Organisation.
What makes up the smallest portion of the defence estate?
What makes up the smallest portion of the defence estate?
[ "What makes up the smallest portion of the defence estate?" ]
{ "text": [ "storage & supply depots" ], "answer_start": [ 140 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-113859
56f980059e9bad19000a09db
Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)
The defence estate is divided as training areas & ranges (84.0%), research & development (5.4%), airfields (3.4%), barracks & camps (2.5%), storage & supply depots (1.6%), and other (3.0%). These are largely managed by the Defence Infrastructure Organisation.
What percentage of the defence estate is taken up by airfields?
What percentage of the defence estate is taken up by airfields?
[ "What percentage of the defence estate is taken up by airfields?" ]
{ "text": [ "(3.4%" ], "answer_start": [ 107 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-113860
56f980059e9bad19000a09dc
Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)
The defence estate is divided as training areas & ranges (84.0%), research & development (5.4%), airfields (3.4%), barracks & camps (2.5%), storage & supply depots (1.6%), and other (3.0%). These are largely managed by the Defence Infrastructure Organisation.
Who manages the defence estate?
Who manages the defence estate?
[ "Who manages the defence estate?" ]
{ "text": [ "Defence Infrastructure Organisation" ], "answer_start": [ 223 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-113861
56f980059e9bad19000a09dd
Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)
The defence estate is divided as training areas & ranges (84.0%), research & development (5.4%), airfields (3.4%), barracks & camps (2.5%), storage & supply depots (1.6%), and other (3.0%). These are largely managed by the Defence Infrastructure Organisation.
Barracks and camps are what percentage of the defence estate?
Barracks and camps are what percentage of the defence estate?
[ "Barracks and camps are what percentage of the defence estate?" ]
{ "text": [ "(2.5%" ], "answer_start": [ 132 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-113862
5a56d5296349e2001acdcf7a
Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)
The defence estate is divided as training areas & ranges (84.0%), research & development (5.4%), airfields (3.4%), barracks & camps (2.5%), storage & supply depots (1.6%), and other (3.0%). These are largely managed by the Defence Infrastructure Organisation.
What organization do airfields manage?
What organization do airfields manage?
[ "What organization do airfields manage?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-113863
5a56d5296349e2001acdcf7b
Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)
The defence estate is divided as training areas & ranges (84.0%), research & development (5.4%), airfields (3.4%), barracks & camps (2.5%), storage & supply depots (1.6%), and other (3.0%). These are largely managed by the Defence Infrastructure Organisation.
What percentage of storage and supply depots are part of airfields as the largest percentage?
What percentage of storage and supply depots are part of airfields as the largest percentage?
[ "What percentage of storage and supply depots are part of airfields as the largest percentage?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-113864
5a56d5296349e2001acdcf7c
Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)
The defence estate is divided as training areas & ranges (84.0%), research & development (5.4%), airfields (3.4%), barracks & camps (2.5%), storage & supply depots (1.6%), and other (3.0%). These are largely managed by the Defence Infrastructure Organisation.
What percentage of airfields are managed by training areas and ranges?
What percentage of airfields are managed by training areas and ranges?
[ "What percentage of airfields are managed by training areas and ranges?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-113865
5a56d5296349e2001acdcf7d
Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)
The defence estate is divided as training areas & ranges (84.0%), research & development (5.4%), airfields (3.4%), barracks & camps (2.5%), storage & supply depots (1.6%), and other (3.0%). These are largely managed by the Defence Infrastructure Organisation.
What percentage of barracks & camps are managed by airfields?
What percentage of barracks & camps are managed by airfields?
[ "What percentage of barracks & camps are managed by airfields?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-113866
5a56d5296349e2001acdcf7e
Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)
The defence estate is divided as training areas & ranges (84.0%), research & development (5.4%), airfields (3.4%), barracks & camps (2.5%), storage & supply depots (1.6%), and other (3.0%). These are largely managed by the Defence Infrastructure Organisation.
What percentage of research and development is managed by airfields?
What percentage of research and development is managed by airfields?
[ "What percentage of research and development is managed by airfields?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-113867
56f981b79b226e1400dd14df
Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)
The headquarters of the MoD are in Whitehall and are now known as Main Building. This structure is neoclassical in style and was originally built between 1938 and 1959 to designs by Vincent Harris to house the Air Ministry and the Board of Trade. The northern entrance in Horse Guards Avenue is flanked by two monumental statues, Earth and Water, by Charles Wheeler. Opposite stands the Gurkha Monument, sculpted by Philip Jackson and unveiled in 1997 by Queen Elizabeth II. Within it is the Victoria Cross and George Cross Memorial, and nearby are memorials to the Fleet Air Arm and RAF (to its east, facing the riverside). A major refurbishment of the building was completed under a PFI contract by Skanska in 2004.
In what city are the headquarters of the MoD?
In what city are the headquarters of the MoD?
[ "In what city are the headquarters of the MoD?" ]
{ "text": [ "Whitehall" ], "answer_start": [ 35 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-113868
56f981b79b226e1400dd14e0
Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)
The headquarters of the MoD are in Whitehall and are now known as Main Building. This structure is neoclassical in style and was originally built between 1938 and 1959 to designs by Vincent Harris to house the Air Ministry and the Board of Trade. The northern entrance in Horse Guards Avenue is flanked by two monumental statues, Earth and Water, by Charles Wheeler. Opposite stands the Gurkha Monument, sculpted by Philip Jackson and unveiled in 1997 by Queen Elizabeth II. Within it is the Victoria Cross and George Cross Memorial, and nearby are memorials to the Fleet Air Arm and RAF (to its east, facing the riverside). A major refurbishment of the building was completed under a PFI contract by Skanska in 2004.
Who designed the headquarters of the MoD?
Who designed the headquarters of the MoD?
[ "Who designed the headquarters of the MoD?" ]
{ "text": [ "Vincent Harris" ], "answer_start": [ 182 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-113869
56f981b79b226e1400dd14e1
Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)
The headquarters of the MoD are in Whitehall and are now known as Main Building. This structure is neoclassical in style and was originally built between 1938 and 1959 to designs by Vincent Harris to house the Air Ministry and the Board of Trade. The northern entrance in Horse Guards Avenue is flanked by two monumental statues, Earth and Water, by Charles Wheeler. Opposite stands the Gurkha Monument, sculpted by Philip Jackson and unveiled in 1997 by Queen Elizabeth II. Within it is the Victoria Cross and George Cross Memorial, and nearby are memorials to the Fleet Air Arm and RAF (to its east, facing the riverside). A major refurbishment of the building was completed under a PFI contract by Skanska in 2004.
Who designed the statues that are on either side of the northern entrance to the MoD headquarters?
Who designed the statues that are on either side of the northern entrance to the MoD headquarters?
[ "Who designed the statues that are on either side of the northern entrance to the MoD headquarters?" ]
{ "text": [ "Charles Wheeler" ], "answer_start": [ 350 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-113870
56f981b79b226e1400dd14e2
Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)
The headquarters of the MoD are in Whitehall and are now known as Main Building. This structure is neoclassical in style and was originally built between 1938 and 1959 to designs by Vincent Harris to house the Air Ministry and the Board of Trade. The northern entrance in Horse Guards Avenue is flanked by two monumental statues, Earth and Water, by Charles Wheeler. Opposite stands the Gurkha Monument, sculpted by Philip Jackson and unveiled in 1997 by Queen Elizabeth II. Within it is the Victoria Cross and George Cross Memorial, and nearby are memorials to the Fleet Air Arm and RAF (to its east, facing the riverside). A major refurbishment of the building was completed under a PFI contract by Skanska in 2004.
What is the headquarters of the MoD called?
What is the headquarters of the MoD called?
[ "What is the headquarters of the MoD called?" ]
{ "text": [ "Main Building" ], "answer_start": [ 66 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-113871
56f981b79b226e1400dd14e3
Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)
The headquarters of the MoD are in Whitehall and are now known as Main Building. This structure is neoclassical in style and was originally built between 1938 and 1959 to designs by Vincent Harris to house the Air Ministry and the Board of Trade. The northern entrance in Horse Guards Avenue is flanked by two monumental statues, Earth and Water, by Charles Wheeler. Opposite stands the Gurkha Monument, sculpted by Philip Jackson and unveiled in 1997 by Queen Elizabeth II. Within it is the Victoria Cross and George Cross Memorial, and nearby are memorials to the Fleet Air Arm and RAF (to its east, facing the riverside). A major refurbishment of the building was completed under a PFI contract by Skanska in 2004.
Who made the Gurkha Monument?
Who made the Gurkha Monument?
[ "Who made the Gurkha Monument?" ]
{ "text": [ "Philip Jackson" ], "answer_start": [ 416 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-113872
5a56d6886349e2001acdcf84
Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)
The headquarters of the MoD are in Whitehall and are now known as Main Building. This structure is neoclassical in style and was originally built between 1938 and 1959 to designs by Vincent Harris to house the Air Ministry and the Board of Trade. The northern entrance in Horse Guards Avenue is flanked by two monumental statues, Earth and Water, by Charles Wheeler. Opposite stands the Gurkha Monument, sculpted by Philip Jackson and unveiled in 1997 by Queen Elizabeth II. Within it is the Victoria Cross and George Cross Memorial, and nearby are memorials to the Fleet Air Arm and RAF (to its east, facing the riverside). A major refurbishment of the building was completed under a PFI contract by Skanska in 2004.
What did Vincent Harris originally build in 2004?
What did Vincent Harris originally build in 2004?
[ "What did Vincent Harris originally build in 2004?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-113873
5a56d6886349e2001acdcf85
Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)
The headquarters of the MoD are in Whitehall and are now known as Main Building. This structure is neoclassical in style and was originally built between 1938 and 1959 to designs by Vincent Harris to house the Air Ministry and the Board of Trade. The northern entrance in Horse Guards Avenue is flanked by two monumental statues, Earth and Water, by Charles Wheeler. Opposite stands the Gurkha Monument, sculpted by Philip Jackson and unveiled in 1997 by Queen Elizabeth II. Within it is the Victoria Cross and George Cross Memorial, and nearby are memorials to the Fleet Air Arm and RAF (to its east, facing the riverside). A major refurbishment of the building was completed under a PFI contract by Skanska in 2004.
When was the Gurkha Monument refurbished?
When was the Gurkha Monument refurbished?
[ "When was the Gurkha Monument refurbished?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-113874
5a56d6886349e2001acdcf86
Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)
The headquarters of the MoD are in Whitehall and are now known as Main Building. This structure is neoclassical in style and was originally built between 1938 and 1959 to designs by Vincent Harris to house the Air Ministry and the Board of Trade. The northern entrance in Horse Guards Avenue is flanked by two monumental statues, Earth and Water, by Charles Wheeler. Opposite stands the Gurkha Monument, sculpted by Philip Jackson and unveiled in 1997 by Queen Elizabeth II. Within it is the Victoria Cross and George Cross Memorial, and nearby are memorials to the Fleet Air Arm and RAF (to its east, facing the riverside). A major refurbishment of the building was completed under a PFI contract by Skanska in 2004.
What group refurbished the Gurkha Monument in 2004?
What group refurbished the Gurkha Monument in 2004?
[ "What group refurbished the Gurkha Monument in 2004?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-113875
5a56d6886349e2001acdcf87
Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)
The headquarters of the MoD are in Whitehall and are now known as Main Building. This structure is neoclassical in style and was originally built between 1938 and 1959 to designs by Vincent Harris to house the Air Ministry and the Board of Trade. The northern entrance in Horse Guards Avenue is flanked by two monumental statues, Earth and Water, by Charles Wheeler. Opposite stands the Gurkha Monument, sculpted by Philip Jackson and unveiled in 1997 by Queen Elizabeth II. Within it is the Victoria Cross and George Cross Memorial, and nearby are memorials to the Fleet Air Arm and RAF (to its east, facing the riverside). A major refurbishment of the building was completed under a PFI contract by Skanska in 2004.
When was Horse Guards Avenue unveiled by Queen Elizabeth II?
When was Horse Guards Avenue unveiled by Queen Elizabeth II?
[ "When was Horse Guards Avenue unveiled by Queen Elizabeth II?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-113876
5a56d6886349e2001acdcf88
Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)
The headquarters of the MoD are in Whitehall and are now known as Main Building. This structure is neoclassical in style and was originally built between 1938 and 1959 to designs by Vincent Harris to house the Air Ministry and the Board of Trade. The northern entrance in Horse Guards Avenue is flanked by two monumental statues, Earth and Water, by Charles Wheeler. Opposite stands the Gurkha Monument, sculpted by Philip Jackson and unveiled in 1997 by Queen Elizabeth II. Within it is the Victoria Cross and George Cross Memorial, and nearby are memorials to the Fleet Air Arm and RAF (to its east, facing the riverside). A major refurbishment of the building was completed under a PFI contract by Skanska in 2004.
What did Vincent Harris create near the northern entrance of the MoD Headquarters?
What did Vincent Harris create near the northern entrance of the MoD Headquarters?
[ "What did Vincent Harris create near the northern entrance of the MoD Headquarters?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-113877
56f982569e9bad19000a09ed
Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)
Henry VIII's wine cellar at the Palace of Whitehall, built in 1514–1516 for Cardinal Wolsey, is in the basement of Main Building, and is used for entertainment. The entire vaulted brick structure of the cellar was encased in steel and concrete and relocated nine feet to the west and nearly 19 feet (5.8 m) deeper in 1949, when construction was resumed at the site after World War II. This was carried out without any significant damage to the structure.
Who had a wine cellar at the Palace of Whitehall?
Who had a wine cellar at the Palace of Whitehall?
[ "Who had a wine cellar at the Palace of Whitehall?" ]
{ "text": [ "Henry VIII" ], "answer_start": [ 0 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-113878
56f982569e9bad19000a09ee
Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)
Henry VIII's wine cellar at the Palace of Whitehall, built in 1514–1516 for Cardinal Wolsey, is in the basement of Main Building, and is used for entertainment. The entire vaulted brick structure of the cellar was encased in steel and concrete and relocated nine feet to the west and nearly 19 feet (5.8 m) deeper in 1949, when construction was resumed at the site after World War II. This was carried out without any significant damage to the structure.
Where is Henry VIII's wine cellar?
Where is Henry VIII's wine cellar?
[ "Where is Henry VIII's wine cellar?" ]
{ "text": [ "the basement of Main Building" ], "answer_start": [ 99 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-113879
56f982569e9bad19000a09ef
Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)
Henry VIII's wine cellar at the Palace of Whitehall, built in 1514–1516 for Cardinal Wolsey, is in the basement of Main Building, and is used for entertainment. The entire vaulted brick structure of the cellar was encased in steel and concrete and relocated nine feet to the west and nearly 19 feet (5.8 m) deeper in 1949, when construction was resumed at the site after World War II. This was carried out without any significant damage to the structure.
When was the cellar in the basement of Main Building built?
When was the cellar in the basement of Main Building built?
[ "When was the cellar in the basement of Main Building built?" ]
{ "text": [ "1514–1516" ], "answer_start": [ 62 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-113880
56f982569e9bad19000a09f0
Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)
Henry VIII's wine cellar at the Palace of Whitehall, built in 1514–1516 for Cardinal Wolsey, is in the basement of Main Building, and is used for entertainment. The entire vaulted brick structure of the cellar was encased in steel and concrete and relocated nine feet to the west and nearly 19 feet (5.8 m) deeper in 1949, when construction was resumed at the site after World War II. This was carried out without any significant damage to the structure.
What is the main material used to build the cellar in the basement of Main Building?
What is the main material used to build the cellar in the basement of Main Building?
[ "What is the main material used to build the cellar in the basement of Main Building?" ]
{ "text": [ "brick" ], "answer_start": [ 180 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-113881
56f982569e9bad19000a09f1
Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)
Henry VIII's wine cellar at the Palace of Whitehall, built in 1514–1516 for Cardinal Wolsey, is in the basement of Main Building, and is used for entertainment. The entire vaulted brick structure of the cellar was encased in steel and concrete and relocated nine feet to the west and nearly 19 feet (5.8 m) deeper in 1949, when construction was resumed at the site after World War II. This was carried out without any significant damage to the structure.
When was the cellar relocated?
When was the cellar relocated?
[ "When was the cellar relocated?" ]
{ "text": [ "1949" ], "answer_start": [ 317 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-113882
5a56d7bd6349e2001acdcf8e
Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)
Henry VIII's wine cellar at the Palace of Whitehall, built in 1514–1516 for Cardinal Wolsey, is in the basement of Main Building, and is used for entertainment. The entire vaulted brick structure of the cellar was encased in steel and concrete and relocated nine feet to the west and nearly 19 feet (5.8 m) deeper in 1949, when construction was resumed at the site after World War II. This was carried out without any significant damage to the structure.
Where is Cardinal Wolsey buried?
Where is Cardinal Wolsey buried?
[ "Where is Cardinal Wolsey buried?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-113883
5a56d7bd6349e2001acdcf8f
Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)
Henry VIII's wine cellar at the Palace of Whitehall, built in 1514–1516 for Cardinal Wolsey, is in the basement of Main Building, and is used for entertainment. The entire vaulted brick structure of the cellar was encased in steel and concrete and relocated nine feet to the west and nearly 19 feet (5.8 m) deeper in 1949, when construction was resumed at the site after World War II. This was carried out without any significant damage to the structure.
When was Henry VIII's reign?
When was Henry VIII's reign?
[ "When was Henry VIII's reign?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-113884
5a56d7bd6349e2001acdcf90
Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)
Henry VIII's wine cellar at the Palace of Whitehall, built in 1514–1516 for Cardinal Wolsey, is in the basement of Main Building, and is used for entertainment. The entire vaulted brick structure of the cellar was encased in steel and concrete and relocated nine feet to the west and nearly 19 feet (5.8 m) deeper in 1949, when construction was resumed at the site after World War II. This was carried out without any significant damage to the structure.
Who did Cardinal Wolsey build the wine cellar for?
Who did Cardinal Wolsey build the wine cellar for?
[ "Who did Cardinal Wolsey build the wine cellar for?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-113885
5a56d7bd6349e2001acdcf91
Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)
Henry VIII's wine cellar at the Palace of Whitehall, built in 1514–1516 for Cardinal Wolsey, is in the basement of Main Building, and is used for entertainment. The entire vaulted brick structure of the cellar was encased in steel and concrete and relocated nine feet to the west and nearly 19 feet (5.8 m) deeper in 1949, when construction was resumed at the site after World War II. This was carried out without any significant damage to the structure.
When was the Palace of Whitehall relocated?
When was the Palace of Whitehall relocated?
[ "When was the Palace of Whitehall relocated?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-113886
5a56d7bd6349e2001acdcf92
Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)
Henry VIII's wine cellar at the Palace of Whitehall, built in 1514–1516 for Cardinal Wolsey, is in the basement of Main Building, and is used for entertainment. The entire vaulted brick structure of the cellar was encased in steel and concrete and relocated nine feet to the west and nearly 19 feet (5.8 m) deeper in 1949, when construction was resumed at the site after World War II. This was carried out without any significant damage to the structure.
What was the Palace of Whitehall built with in 1949?
What was the Palace of Whitehall built with in 1949?
[ "What was the Palace of Whitehall built with in 1949?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-113887
56f9851f9b226e1400dd14fc
Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)
The most notable fraud conviction was that of Gordon Foxley, head of defence procurement at the Ministry of Defence from 1981 to 1984. Police claimed he received at least £3.5m in total in corrupt payments, such as substantial bribes from overseas arms contractors aiming to influence the allocation of contracts.
Who in the MoD was convicted of fraud?
Who in the MoD was convicted of fraud?
[ "Who in the MoD was convicted of fraud?" ]
{ "text": [ "Gordon Foxley" ], "answer_start": [ 46 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-113888
56f9851f9b226e1400dd14fd
Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)
The most notable fraud conviction was that of Gordon Foxley, head of defence procurement at the Ministry of Defence from 1981 to 1984. Police claimed he received at least £3.5m in total in corrupt payments, such as substantial bribes from overseas arms contractors aiming to influence the allocation of contracts.
What position was held by Foxley?
What position was held by Foxley?
[ "What position was held by Foxley?" ]
{ "text": [ "head of defence procurement" ], "answer_start": [ 61 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-113889
56f9851f9b226e1400dd14fe
Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)
The most notable fraud conviction was that of Gordon Foxley, head of defence procurement at the Ministry of Defence from 1981 to 1984. Police claimed he received at least £3.5m in total in corrupt payments, such as substantial bribes from overseas arms contractors aiming to influence the allocation of contracts.
What years was Foxley employed by the MoD?
What years was Foxley employed by the MoD?
[ "What years was Foxley employed by the MoD?" ]
{ "text": [ "1981 to 1984" ], "answer_start": [ 121 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-113890
56f9851f9b226e1400dd14ff
Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)
The most notable fraud conviction was that of Gordon Foxley, head of defence procurement at the Ministry of Defence from 1981 to 1984. Police claimed he received at least £3.5m in total in corrupt payments, such as substantial bribes from overseas arms contractors aiming to influence the allocation of contracts.
How much money was Foxley accused of taking?
How much money was Foxley accused of taking?
[ "How much money was Foxley accused of taking?" ]
{ "text": [ "at least £3.5m" ], "answer_start": [ 162 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-113891
56f9851f9b226e1400dd1500
Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)
The most notable fraud conviction was that of Gordon Foxley, head of defence procurement at the Ministry of Defence from 1981 to 1984. Police claimed he received at least £3.5m in total in corrupt payments, such as substantial bribes from overseas arms contractors aiming to influence the allocation of contracts.
What do the police believe the bribes were intended to do?
What do the police believe the bribes were intended to do?
[ "What do the police believe the bribes were intended to do?" ]
{ "text": [ "influence the allocation of contracts" ], "answer_start": [ 275 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-113892
5a56d93f6349e2001acdcf98
Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)
The most notable fraud conviction was that of Gordon Foxley, head of defence procurement at the Ministry of Defence from 1981 to 1984. Police claimed he received at least £3.5m in total in corrupt payments, such as substantial bribes from overseas arms contractors aiming to influence the allocation of contracts.
What were overseas arms contractors convicted of?
What were overseas arms contractors convicted of?
[ "What were overseas arms contractors convicted of?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-113893
5a56d93f6349e2001acdcf99
Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)
The most notable fraud conviction was that of Gordon Foxley, head of defence procurement at the Ministry of Defence from 1981 to 1984. Police claimed he received at least £3.5m in total in corrupt payments, such as substantial bribes from overseas arms contractors aiming to influence the allocation of contracts.
How much was stolen by overseas arms contractors?
How much was stolen by overseas arms contractors?
[ "How much was stolen by overseas arms contractors?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-113894
5a56d93f6349e2001acdcf9a
Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)
The most notable fraud conviction was that of Gordon Foxley, head of defence procurement at the Ministry of Defence from 1981 to 1984. Police claimed he received at least £3.5m in total in corrupt payments, such as substantial bribes from overseas arms contractors aiming to influence the allocation of contracts.
What did police want to influence?
What did police want to influence?
[ "What did police want to influence?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-113895
5a56d93f6349e2001acdcf9b
Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)
The most notable fraud conviction was that of Gordon Foxley, head of defence procurement at the Ministry of Defence from 1981 to 1984. Police claimed he received at least £3.5m in total in corrupt payments, such as substantial bribes from overseas arms contractors aiming to influence the allocation of contracts.
When were police found to be making bribes?
When were police found to be making bribes?
[ "When were police found to be making bribes?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-113896
5a56d93f6349e2001acdcf9c
Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)
The most notable fraud conviction was that of Gordon Foxley, head of defence procurement at the Ministry of Defence from 1981 to 1984. Police claimed he received at least £3.5m in total in corrupt payments, such as substantial bribes from overseas arms contractors aiming to influence the allocation of contracts.
What ministry was influencing how police investigated fraud?
What ministry was influencing how police investigated fraud?
[ "What ministry was influencing how police investigated fraud?" ]
{ "text": [], "answer_start": [] }
gem-squad_v2-train-113897
56f98a3f9e9bad19000a0a6f
Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)
A government report covered by the Guardian in 2002 indicates that between 1940 and 1979, the Ministry of Defence "turned large parts of the country into a giant laboratory to conduct a series of secret germ warfare tests on the public" and many of these tests "involved releasing potentially dangerous chemicals and micro-organisms over vast swaths of the population without the public being told." The Ministry of Defence claims that these trials were to simulate germ warfare and that the tests were harmless. Still, families who have been in the area of many of the tests are experiencing children with birth defects and physical and mental handicaps and many are asking for a public inquiry. According to the report these tests affected estimated millions of people including one period between 1961 and 1968 where "more than a million people along the south coast of England, from Torquay to the New Forest, were exposed to bacteria including e.coli and bacillus globigii, which mimics anthrax." Two scientists commissioned by the Ministry of Defence stated that these trials posed no risk to the public. This was confirmed by Sue Ellison, a representative of Porton Down who said that the results from these trials "will save lives, should the country or our forces face an attack by chemical and biological weapons." Asked whether such tests are still being carried out, she said: "It is not our policy to discuss ongoing research." It is unknown whether or not the harmlessness of the trials was known at the time of their occurrence.
What publication released a report about the Ministry of Defence in 2002?
What publication released a report about the Ministry of Defence in 2002?
[ "What publication released a report about the Ministry of Defence in 2002?" ]
{ "text": [ "the Guardian" ], "answer_start": [ 31 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-113898
56f98a3f9e9bad19000a0a70
Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)
A government report covered by the Guardian in 2002 indicates that between 1940 and 1979, the Ministry of Defence "turned large parts of the country into a giant laboratory to conduct a series of secret germ warfare tests on the public" and many of these tests "involved releasing potentially dangerous chemicals and micro-organisms over vast swaths of the population without the public being told." The Ministry of Defence claims that these trials were to simulate germ warfare and that the tests were harmless. Still, families who have been in the area of many of the tests are experiencing children with birth defects and physical and mental handicaps and many are asking for a public inquiry. According to the report these tests affected estimated millions of people including one period between 1961 and 1968 where "more than a million people along the south coast of England, from Torquay to the New Forest, were exposed to bacteria including e.coli and bacillus globigii, which mimics anthrax." Two scientists commissioned by the Ministry of Defence stated that these trials posed no risk to the public. This was confirmed by Sue Ellison, a representative of Porton Down who said that the results from these trials "will save lives, should the country or our forces face an attack by chemical and biological weapons." Asked whether such tests are still being carried out, she said: "It is not our policy to discuss ongoing research." It is unknown whether or not the harmlessness of the trials was known at the time of their occurrence.
What was the MoD accused of doing to the public?
What was the MoD accused of doing to the public?
[ "What was the MoD accused of doing to the public?" ]
{ "text": [ "secret germ warfare tests" ], "answer_start": [ 196 ] }
gem-squad_v2-train-113899
56f98a3f9e9bad19000a0a71
Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom)
A government report covered by the Guardian in 2002 indicates that between 1940 and 1979, the Ministry of Defence "turned large parts of the country into a giant laboratory to conduct a series of secret germ warfare tests on the public" and many of these tests "involved releasing potentially dangerous chemicals and micro-organisms over vast swaths of the population without the public being told." The Ministry of Defence claims that these trials were to simulate germ warfare and that the tests were harmless. Still, families who have been in the area of many of the tests are experiencing children with birth defects and physical and mental handicaps and many are asking for a public inquiry. According to the report these tests affected estimated millions of people including one period between 1961 and 1968 where "more than a million people along the south coast of England, from Torquay to the New Forest, were exposed to bacteria including e.coli and bacillus globigii, which mimics anthrax." Two scientists commissioned by the Ministry of Defence stated that these trials posed no risk to the public. This was confirmed by Sue Ellison, a representative of Porton Down who said that the results from these trials "will save lives, should the country or our forces face an attack by chemical and biological weapons." Asked whether such tests are still being carried out, she said: "It is not our policy to discuss ongoing research." It is unknown whether or not the harmlessness of the trials was known at the time of their occurrence.
What are the children of some families in the area of the testing experiencing?
What are the children of some families in the area of the testing experiencing?
[ "What are the children of some families in the area of the testing experiencing?" ]
{ "text": [ "children with birth defects and physical and mental handicaps" ], "answer_start": [ 593 ] }