gem_id stringlengths 20 25 | id stringlengths 24 24 | title stringlengths 3 59 | context stringlengths 151 3.71k | question stringlengths 1 270 | target stringlengths 1 270 | references list | answers dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
gem-squad_v2-train-113600 | 5706aa0a75f01819005e7ce7 | Immunology | Other immune system disorders include various hypersensitivities (such as in asthma and other allergies) that respond inappropriately to otherwise harmless compounds. | What are some examples of hypersensitivities? | What are some examples of hypersensitivities? | [
"What are some examples of hypersensitivities?"
] | {
"text": [
"asthma and other allergies"
],
"answer_start": [
77
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113601 | 5706aa0a75f01819005e7ce8 | Immunology | Other immune system disorders include various hypersensitivities (such as in asthma and other allergies) that respond inappropriately to otherwise harmless compounds. | What characterizes a hypersensitivity? | What characterizes a hypersensitivity? | [
"What characterizes a hypersensitivity?"
] | {
"text": [
"respond inappropriately to otherwise harmless compounds."
],
"answer_start": [
110
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113602 | 5706ac3452bb891400689b54 | Immunology | The most well-known disease that affects the immune system itself is AIDS, an immunodeficiency characterized by the suppression of CD4+ ("helper") T cells, dendritic cells and macrophages by the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). | What is the most famous immune system disease? | What is the most famous immune system disease? | [
"What is the most famous immune system disease?"
] | {
"text": [
"AIDS"
],
"answer_start": [
69
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113603 | 5706ac3452bb891400689b55 | Immunology | The most well-known disease that affects the immune system itself is AIDS, an immunodeficiency characterized by the suppression of CD4+ ("helper") T cells, dendritic cells and macrophages by the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). | What kind of disease is AIDS? | What kind of disease is AIDS? | [
"What kind of disease is AIDS?"
] | {
"text": [
"an immunodeficiency"
],
"answer_start": [
75
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113604 | 5706ac3452bb891400689b56 | Immunology | The most well-known disease that affects the immune system itself is AIDS, an immunodeficiency characterized by the suppression of CD4+ ("helper") T cells, dendritic cells and macrophages by the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). | Which types of cells are suppressed by AIDS? | Which types of cells are suppressed by AIDS? | [
"Which types of cells are suppressed by AIDS?"
] | {
"text": [
"CD4+ (\"helper\") T cells, dendritic cells and macrophages"
],
"answer_start": [
131
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113605 | 5706ac3452bb891400689b57 | Immunology | The most well-known disease that affects the immune system itself is AIDS, an immunodeficiency characterized by the suppression of CD4+ ("helper") T cells, dendritic cells and macrophages by the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV). | What virus specifically suppresses those cells? | What virus specifically suppresses those cells? | [
"What virus specifically suppresses those cells?"
] | {
"text": [
"Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)"
],
"answer_start": [
195
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113606 | 5706e1209e06ca38007e91d7 | Immunology | The body’s capability to react to antigen depends on a person's age, antigen type, maternal factors and the area where the antigen is presented. Neonates are said to be in a state of physiological immunodeficiency, because both their innate and adaptive immunological responses are greatly suppressed. Once born, a child... | What are the four factors that determine how the body reacts to an antigen? | What are the four factors that determine how the body reacts to an antigen? | [
"What are the four factors that determine how the body reacts to an antigen?"
] | {
"text": [
"person's age, antigen type, maternal factors and the area"
],
"answer_start": [
55
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113607 | 5706e1209e06ca38007e91d8 | Immunology | The body’s capability to react to antigen depends on a person's age, antigen type, maternal factors and the area where the antigen is presented. Neonates are said to be in a state of physiological immunodeficiency, because both their innate and adaptive immunological responses are greatly suppressed. Once born, a child... | Why are newborns described as being physiologically immunodeficient? | Why are newborns described as being physiologically immunodeficient? | [
"Why are newborns described as being physiologically immunodeficient?"
] | {
"text": [
"both their innate and adaptive immunological responses are greatly suppressed"
],
"answer_start": [
223
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113608 | 5706e1209e06ca38007e91d9 | Immunology | The body’s capability to react to antigen depends on a person's age, antigen type, maternal factors and the area where the antigen is presented. Neonates are said to be in a state of physiological immunodeficiency, because both their innate and adaptive immunological responses are greatly suppressed. Once born, a child... | Newborns are particularly susceptible to infections caused by? | Newborns are particularly susceptible to infections caused by? | [
"Newborns are particularly susceptible to infections caused by?"
] | {
"text": [
"low virulence organisms like Staphylococcus and Pseudomonas"
],
"answer_start": [
499
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113609 | 5706e1209e06ca38007e91da | Immunology | The body’s capability to react to antigen depends on a person's age, antigen type, maternal factors and the area where the antigen is presented. Neonates are said to be in a state of physiological immunodeficiency, because both their innate and adaptive immunological responses are greatly suppressed. Once born, a child... | What activity is also greatly reduced in newborn infants? | What activity is also greatly reduced in newborn infants? | [
"What activity is also greatly reduced in newborn infants?"
] | {
"text": [
"phagocytic"
],
"answer_start": [
1110
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113610 | 5706e1209e06ca38007e91db | Immunology | The body’s capability to react to antigen depends on a person's age, antigen type, maternal factors and the area where the antigen is presented. Neonates are said to be in a state of physiological immunodeficiency, because both their innate and adaptive immunological responses are greatly suppressed. Once born, a child... | Antigen cells in newborns are also struggle to do this? | Antigen cells in newborns are also struggle to do this? | [
"Antigen cells in newborns are also struggle to do this?"
] | {
"text": [
"activate T cells"
],
"answer_start": [
1331
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113611 | 5706e36d9e06ca38007e91e1 | Immunology | Maternal factors also play a role in the body’s immune response. At birth, most of the immunoglobulin present is maternal IgG. Because IgM, IgD, IgE and IgA don’t cross the placenta, they are almost undetectable at birth. Some IgA is provided by breast milk. These passively-acquired antibodies can protect the newborn f... | In babies, what is another element impacting immune response? | In babies, what is another element impacting immune response? | [
"In babies, what is another element impacting immune response?"
] | {
"text": [
"Maternal factors"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113612 | 5706e36d9e06ca38007e91e2 | Immunology | Maternal factors also play a role in the body’s immune response. At birth, most of the immunoglobulin present is maternal IgG. Because IgM, IgD, IgE and IgA don’t cross the placenta, they are almost undetectable at birth. Some IgA is provided by breast milk. These passively-acquired antibodies can protect the newborn f... | Newborns can acquire antibodies from the mother through what means? | Newborns can acquire antibodies from the mother through what means? | [
"Newborns can acquire antibodies from the mother through what means?"
] | {
"text": [
"breast milk"
],
"answer_start": [
246
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113613 | 5706e36d9e06ca38007e91e3 | Immunology | Maternal factors also play a role in the body’s immune response. At birth, most of the immunoglobulin present is maternal IgG. Because IgM, IgD, IgE and IgA don’t cross the placenta, they are almost undetectable at birth. Some IgA is provided by breast milk. These passively-acquired antibodies can protect the newborn f... | For how long do these antibodies have an effect on infants? | For how long do these antibodies have an effect on infants? | [
"For how long do these antibodies have an effect on infants?"
] | {
"text": [
"up to 18 months"
],
"answer_start": [
323
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113614 | 5706e36d9e06ca38007e91e4 | Immunology | Maternal factors also play a role in the body’s immune response. At birth, most of the immunoglobulin present is maternal IgG. Because IgM, IgD, IgE and IgA don’t cross the placenta, they are almost undetectable at birth. Some IgA is provided by breast milk. These passively-acquired antibodies can protect the newborn f... | At 6 to 9 months, an infant's immune system begins to respond to which proteins? | At 6 to 9 months, an infant's immune system begins to respond to which proteins? | [
"At 6 to 9 months, an infant's immune system begins to respond to which proteins?"
] | {
"text": [
"glycoproteins"
],
"answer_start": [
1004
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113615 | 5706e36d9e06ca38007e91e5 | Immunology | Maternal factors also play a role in the body’s immune response. At birth, most of the immunoglobulin present is maternal IgG. Because IgM, IgD, IgE and IgA don’t cross the placenta, they are almost undetectable at birth. Some IgA is provided by breast milk. These passively-acquired antibodies can protect the newborn f... | The difference in responses in infant immune systems is the cause of what? | The difference in responses in infant immune systems is the cause of what? | [
"The difference in responses in infant immune systems is the cause of what?"
] | {
"text": [
"distinct time frames found in vaccination schedules"
],
"answer_start": [
1164
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113616 | 5706e5b49e06ca38007e9205 | Immunology | During adolescence, the human body undergoes various physical, physiological and immunological changes triggered and mediated by hormones, of which the most significant in females is 17-β-oestradiol (an oestrogen) and, in males, is testosterone. Oestradiol usually begins to act around the age of 10 and testosterone som... | What is the primary trigger for immunological changes in teens? | What is the primary trigger for immunological changes in teens? | [
"What is the primary trigger for immunological changes in teens?"
] | {
"text": [
"hormones"
],
"answer_start": [
129
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113617 | 5706e5b49e06ca38007e9206 | Immunology | During adolescence, the human body undergoes various physical, physiological and immunological changes triggered and mediated by hormones, of which the most significant in females is 17-β-oestradiol (an oestrogen) and, in males, is testosterone. Oestradiol usually begins to act around the age of 10 and testosterone som... | What specific hormone catalyzes these changes in females? | What specific hormone catalyzes these changes in females? | [
"What specific hormone catalyzes these changes in females?"
] | {
"text": [
"17-β-oestradiol (an oestrogen)"
],
"answer_start": [
183
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113618 | 5706e5b49e06ca38007e9207 | Immunology | During adolescence, the human body undergoes various physical, physiological and immunological changes triggered and mediated by hormones, of which the most significant in females is 17-β-oestradiol (an oestrogen) and, in males, is testosterone. Oestradiol usually begins to act around the age of 10 and testosterone som... | Which specific hormone precipitates the change in immunology in males? | Which specific hormone precipitates the change in immunology in males? | [
"Which specific hormone precipitates the change in immunology in males?"
] | {
"text": [
"testosterone"
],
"answer_start": [
232
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113619 | 5706e5b49e06ca38007e9208 | Immunology | During adolescence, the human body undergoes various physical, physiological and immunological changes triggered and mediated by hormones, of which the most significant in females is 17-β-oestradiol (an oestrogen) and, in males, is testosterone. Oestradiol usually begins to act around the age of 10 and testosterone som... | Adolescent immunological changes can also result in what? | Adolescent immunological changes can also result in what? | [
"Adolescent immunological changes can also result in what?"
] | {
"text": [
"increased risk in developing pubescent and post-pubescent autoimmunity"
],
"answer_start": [
541
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113620 | 5706e5b49e06ca38007e9209 | Immunology | During adolescence, the human body undergoes various physical, physiological and immunological changes triggered and mediated by hormones, of which the most significant in females is 17-β-oestradiol (an oestrogen) and, in males, is testosterone. Oestradiol usually begins to act around the age of 10 and testosterone som... | Evidence suggests that receptors on B cells may do what? | Evidence suggests that receptors on B cells may do what? | [
"Evidence suggests that receptors on B cells may do what?"
] | {
"text": [
"detect sex hormones in the system"
],
"answer_start": [
700
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113621 | 5706f5de90286e26004fc763 | Immunology | Immunology is strongly experimental in everyday practice but is also characterized by an ongoing theoretical attitude. Many theories have been suggested in immunology from the end of the nineteenth century up to the present time. The end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century saw a battle between "ce... | The routine practice of immunology can best be characterized as? | The routine practice of immunology can best be characterized as? | [
"The routine practice of immunology can best be characterized as?"
] | {
"text": [
"strongly experimental"
],
"answer_start": [
14
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113622 | 5706f5de90286e26004fc764 | Immunology | Immunology is strongly experimental in everyday practice but is also characterized by an ongoing theoretical attitude. Many theories have been suggested in immunology from the end of the nineteenth century up to the present time. The end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century saw a battle between "ce... | What are two opposing theories of early 20th century immunology? | What are two opposing theories of early 20th century immunology? | [
"What are two opposing theories of early 20th century immunology?"
] | {
"text": [
"\"cellular\" and \"humoral\""
],
"answer_start": [
317
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113623 | 5706f5de90286e26004fc765 | Immunology | Immunology is strongly experimental in everyday practice but is also characterized by an ongoing theoretical attitude. Many theories have been suggested in immunology from the end of the nineteenth century up to the present time. The end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century saw a battle between "ce... | Cellular immunology expressed the theory that what cells caused immune responses? | Cellular immunology expressed the theory that what cells caused immune responses? | [
"Cellular immunology expressed the theory that what cells caused immune responses?"
] | {
"text": [
"phagocytes"
],
"answer_start": [
488
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113624 | 5706f5de90286e26004fc766 | Immunology | Immunology is strongly experimental in everyday practice but is also characterized by an ongoing theoretical attitude. Many theories have been suggested in immunology from the end of the nineteenth century up to the present time. The end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century saw a battle between "ce... | Humoral immunology theorized that the origin of the immune system lay in what? | Humoral immunology theorized that the origin of the immune system lay in what? | [
"Humoral immunology theorized that the origin of the immune system lay in what?"
] | {
"text": [
"soluble components (molecules)"
],
"answer_start": [
688
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113625 | 5706f5de90286e26004fc767 | Immunology | Immunology is strongly experimental in everyday practice but is also characterized by an ongoing theoretical attitude. Many theories have been suggested in immunology from the end of the nineteenth century up to the present time. The end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century saw a battle between "ce... | Rather than cells, in humoral immunology where did the molecules that cause immune response reside? | Rather than cells, in humoral immunology where did the molecules that cause immune response reside? | [
"Rather than cells, in humoral immunology where did the molecules that cause immune response reside?"
] | {
"text": [
"the organism’s “humors”"
],
"answer_start": [
728
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113626 | 5706f93b9e06ca38007e9267 | Immunology | In the mid-1950s, Frank Burnet, inspired by a suggestion made by Niels Jerne, formulated the clonal selection theory (CST) of immunity. On the basis of CST, Burnet developed a theory of how an immune response is triggered according to the self/nonself distinction: "self" constituents (constituents of the body) do not t... | What medical scientist first proposed the clonal selection theory of immunology? | What medical scientist first proposed the clonal selection theory of immunology? | [
"What medical scientist first proposed the clonal selection theory of immunology?"
] | {
"text": [
"Frank Burnet"
],
"answer_start": [
18
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113627 | 5706f93b9e06ca38007e9268 | Immunology | In the mid-1950s, Frank Burnet, inspired by a suggestion made by Niels Jerne, formulated the clonal selection theory (CST) of immunity. On the basis of CST, Burnet developed a theory of how an immune response is triggered according to the self/nonself distinction: "self" constituents (constituents of the body) do not t... | What triggers an immune response according to CST? | What triggers an immune response according to CST? | [
"What triggers an immune response according to CST?"
] | {
"text": [
"self/nonself distinction"
],
"answer_start": [
239
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113628 | 5706f93b9e06ca38007e9269 | Immunology | In the mid-1950s, Frank Burnet, inspired by a suggestion made by Niels Jerne, formulated the clonal selection theory (CST) of immunity. On the basis of CST, Burnet developed a theory of how an immune response is triggered according to the self/nonself distinction: "self" constituents (constituents of the body) do not t... | In CST, what triggers a destructive immune response? | In CST, what triggers a destructive immune response? | [
"In CST, what triggers a destructive immune response?"
] | {
"text": [
"\"nonself\" entities (e.g., pathogens, an allograft)"
],
"answer_start": [
363
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113629 | 5706f93b9e06ca38007e926a | Immunology | In the mid-1950s, Frank Burnet, inspired by a suggestion made by Niels Jerne, formulated the clonal selection theory (CST) of immunity. On the basis of CST, Burnet developed a theory of how an immune response is triggered according to the self/nonself distinction: "self" constituents (constituents of the body) do not t... | What property of T cells caused modification of CST? | What property of T cells caused modification of CST? | [
"What property of T cells caused modification of CST?"
] | {
"text": [
"the complex \"two-signal\" activation"
],
"answer_start": [
542
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113630 | 5706f93b9e06ca38007e926b | Immunology | In the mid-1950s, Frank Burnet, inspired by a suggestion made by Niels Jerne, formulated the clonal selection theory (CST) of immunity. On the basis of CST, Burnet developed a theory of how an immune response is triggered according to the self/nonself distinction: "self" constituents (constituents of the body) do not t... | When was clonal selection theory first proposed? | When was clonal selection theory first proposed? | [
"When was clonal selection theory first proposed?"
] | {
"text": [
"In the mid-1950s"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113631 | 5706facf9e06ca38007e927b | Immunology | Bioscience is the overall major in which undergraduate students who are interested in general well-being take in college. Immunology is a branch of bioscience for undergraduate programs but the major gets specified as students move on for graduate program in immunology. The aim of immunology is to study the health of h... | What discipline can undergraduate students interested in general health study? | What discipline can undergraduate students interested in general health study? | [
"What discipline can undergraduate students interested in general health study?"
] | {
"text": [
"Bioscience"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113632 | 5706facf9e06ca38007e927c | Immunology | Bioscience is the overall major in which undergraduate students who are interested in general well-being take in college. Immunology is a branch of bioscience for undergraduate programs but the major gets specified as students move on for graduate program in immunology. The aim of immunology is to study the health of h... | Immunology is a branch of what larger field of study? | Immunology is a branch of what larger field of study? | [
"Immunology is a branch of what larger field of study?"
] | {
"text": [
"bioscience"
],
"answer_start": [
148
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113633 | 5706facf9e06ca38007e927d | Immunology | Bioscience is the overall major in which undergraduate students who are interested in general well-being take in college. Immunology is a branch of bioscience for undergraduate programs but the major gets specified as students move on for graduate program in immunology. The aim of immunology is to study the health of h... | The goal of an immunologist is to study what beings? | The goal of an immunologist is to study what beings? | [
"The goal of an immunologist is to study what beings?"
] | {
"text": [
"humans and animals"
],
"answer_start": [
319
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113634 | 5706facf9e06ca38007e927e | Immunology | Bioscience is the overall major in which undergraduate students who are interested in general well-being take in college. Immunology is a branch of bioscience for undergraduate programs but the major gets specified as students move on for graduate program in immunology. The aim of immunology is to study the health of h... | The biggest part of an immunologist's job is what? | The biggest part of an immunologist's job is what? | [
"The biggest part of an immunologist's job is what?"
] | {
"text": [
"research"
],
"answer_start": [
454
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113635 | 5706facf9e06ca38007e927f | Immunology | Bioscience is the overall major in which undergraduate students who are interested in general well-being take in college. Immunology is a branch of bioscience for undergraduate programs but the major gets specified as students move on for graduate program in immunology. The aim of immunology is to study the health of h... | What two conditions apply to good immunological study? | What two conditions apply to good immunological study? | [
"What two conditions apply to good immunological study?"
] | {
"text": [
"effective yet consistent research"
],
"answer_start": [
346
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113636 | 5706fbf590286e26004fc7a5 | Immunology | Most graduate immunology schools follow the AAI courses immunology which are offered throughout numerous schools in the United States. For example, in New York State, there are several universities that offer the AAI courses immunology: Albany Medical College, Cornell University, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai... | Most graduate schools specializing in immunology follow what organization's parameters? | Most graduate schools specializing in immunology follow what organization's parameters? | [
"Most graduate schools specializing in immunology follow what organization's parameters?"
] | {
"text": [
"AAI courses"
],
"answer_start": [
44
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113637 | 5706fbf590286e26004fc7a6 | Immunology | Most graduate immunology schools follow the AAI courses immunology which are offered throughout numerous schools in the United States. For example, in New York State, there are several universities that offer the AAI courses immunology: Albany Medical College, Cornell University, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai... | What is the name of the immunology school at Mount Sinai? | What is the name of the immunology school at Mount Sinai? | [
"What is the name of the immunology school at Mount Sinai?"
] | {
"text": [
"Icahn School of Medicine"
],
"answer_start": [
281
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113638 | 5706fbf590286e26004fc7a7 | Immunology | Most graduate immunology schools follow the AAI courses immunology which are offered throughout numerous schools in the United States. For example, in New York State, there are several universities that offer the AAI courses immunology: Albany Medical College, Cornell University, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai... | AAI immunology courses include what two components? | AAI immunology courses include what two components? | [
"AAI immunology courses include what two components?"
] | {
"text": [
"Introductory Course and an Advance Course"
],
"answer_start": [
541
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113639 | 5706fbf590286e26004fc7a8 | Immunology | Most graduate immunology schools follow the AAI courses immunology which are offered throughout numerous schools in the United States. For example, in New York State, there are several universities that offer the AAI courses immunology: Albany Medical College, Cornell University, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai... | What does the introductory AAI immunology course do? | What does the introductory AAI immunology course do? | [
"What does the introductory AAI immunology course do?"
] | {
"text": [
"gives students an overview of the basics of immunology"
],
"answer_start": [
625
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113640 | 5706fbf590286e26004fc7a9 | Immunology | Most graduate immunology schools follow the AAI courses immunology which are offered throughout numerous schools in the United States. For example, in New York State, there are several universities that offer the AAI courses immunology: Albany Medical College, Cornell University, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai... | The Langone Medical Center is part of what college? | The Langone Medical Center is part of what college? | [
"The Langone Medical Center is part of what college?"
] | {
"text": [
"New York University"
],
"answer_start": [
322
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113641 | 5706fd4e90286e26004fc7af | Immunology | In addition, this Introductory Course gives students more information to complement general biology or science training. It also has two different parts: Part I is an introduction to the basic principles of immunology and Part II is a clinically-oriented lecture series. On the other hand, the Advanced Course is another... | Part 1 of the AAI introductory immunology course is meant to be what? | Part 1 of the AAI introductory immunology course is meant to be what? | [
"Part 1 of the AAI introductory immunology course is meant to be what?"
] | {
"text": [
"an introduction to the basic principles of immunology"
],
"answer_start": [
164
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113642 | 5706fd4e90286e26004fc7b0 | Immunology | In addition, this Introductory Course gives students more information to complement general biology or science training. It also has two different parts: Part I is an introduction to the basic principles of immunology and Part II is a clinically-oriented lecture series. On the other hand, the Advanced Course is another... | Part 2 of the AAI introductory immunology course revolves around what? | Part 2 of the AAI introductory immunology course revolves around what? | [
"Part 2 of the AAI introductory immunology course revolves around what?"
] | {
"text": [
"clinically-oriented lecture series"
],
"answer_start": [
235
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113643 | 5706fd4e90286e26004fc7b1 | Immunology | In addition, this Introductory Course gives students more information to complement general biology or science training. It also has two different parts: Part I is an introduction to the basic principles of immunology and Part II is a clinically-oriented lecture series. On the other hand, the Advanced Course is another... | What pre-requisite should enrollees in the advanced immunology course have? | What pre-requisite should enrollees in the advanced immunology course have? | [
"What pre-requisite should enrollees in the advanced immunology course have?"
] | {
"text": [
"a background of the principles of immunology"
],
"answer_start": [
483
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113644 | 5706fd4e90286e26004fc7b2 | Immunology | In addition, this Introductory Course gives students more information to complement general biology or science training. It also has two different parts: Part I is an introduction to the basic principles of immunology and Part II is a clinically-oriented lecture series. On the other hand, the Advanced Course is another... | How long does it typically take to earn a Master's degree? | How long does it typically take to earn a Master's degree? | [
"How long does it typically take to earn a Master's degree?"
] | {
"text": [
"two years of study"
],
"answer_start": [
640
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113645 | 5706fd4e90286e26004fc7b3 | Immunology | In addition, this Introductory Course gives students more information to complement general biology or science training. It also has two different parts: Part I is an introduction to the basic principles of immunology and Part II is a clinically-oriented lecture series. On the other hand, the Advanced Course is another... | What program requires an additional two years of study? | What program requires an additional two years of study? | [
"What program requires an additional two years of study?"
] | {
"text": [
"a doctoral programme"
],
"answer_start": [
712
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113646 | 572f4a7a947a6a140053c866 | Central_Intelligence_Agency | Unlike the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), which is a domestic security service, CIA has no law enforcement function and is mainly focused on overseas intelligence gathering, with only limited domestic collection. Though it is not the only U.S. government agency specializing in HUMINT, CIA serves as the national... | What is the CIA's main focus? | What is the CIA's main focus? | [
"What is the CIA's main focus?"
] | {
"text": [
"overseas intelligence gathering"
],
"answer_start": [
149
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113647 | 572f4a7a947a6a140053c867 | Central_Intelligence_Agency | Unlike the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), which is a domestic security service, CIA has no law enforcement function and is mainly focused on overseas intelligence gathering, with only limited domestic collection. Though it is not the only U.S. government agency specializing in HUMINT, CIA serves as the national... | What does FBI stand for? | What does FBI stand for? | [
"What does FBI stand for?"
] | {
"text": [
"Federal Bureau of Investigation"
],
"answer_start": [
11
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113648 | 572f4a7a947a6a140053c868 | Central_Intelligence_Agency | Unlike the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), which is a domestic security service, CIA has no law enforcement function and is mainly focused on overseas intelligence gathering, with only limited domestic collection. Though it is not the only U.S. government agency specializing in HUMINT, CIA serves as the national... | What is the only agency that is authorized to carry out action on behalf of the president? | What is the only agency that is authorized to carry out action on behalf of the president? | [
"What is the only agency that is authorized to carry out action on behalf of the president?"
] | {
"text": [
"CIA"
],
"answer_start": [
437
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113649 | 572f4bcd04bcaa1900d76821 | Central_Intelligence_Agency | The Executive Office also supports the U.S. military by providing it with information it gathers, receiving information from military intelligence organizations, and cooperating on field activities. The Executive Director is in charge of the day to day operation of the CIA, and each branch of the service has its own Di... | Who is in charge of the day to day operation of the CIA? | Who is in charge of the day to day operation of the CIA? | [
"Who is in charge of the day to day operation of the CIA?"
] | {
"text": [
"The Executive Director"
],
"answer_start": [
199
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113650 | 572f4bcd04bcaa1900d76822 | Central_Intelligence_Agency | The Executive Office also supports the U.S. military by providing it with information it gathers, receiving information from military intelligence organizations, and cooperating on field activities. The Executive Director is in charge of the day to day operation of the CIA, and each branch of the service has its own Di... | What is the title of the person who manages the relationship between the CIA and the Unified Combatant Commands? | What is the title of the person who manages the relationship between the CIA and the Unified Combatant Commands? | [
"What is the title of the person who manages the relationship between the CIA and the Unified Combatant Commands?"
] | {
"text": [
"The Associate Director of military affairs"
],
"answer_start": [
328
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113651 | 572f4bcd04bcaa1900d76823 | Central_Intelligence_Agency | The Executive Office also supports the U.S. military by providing it with information it gathers, receiving information from military intelligence organizations, and cooperating on field activities. The Executive Director is in charge of the day to day operation of the CIA, and each branch of the service has its own Di... | What three ways does the Executive office support the U.S. military? | What three ways does the Executive office support the U.S. military? | [
"What three ways does the Executive office support the U.S. military?"
] | {
"text": [
"providing it with information it gathers, receiving information from military intelligence organizations, and cooperating on field activities"
],
"answer_start": [
56
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113652 | 572f4d2d04bcaa1900d76827 | Central_Intelligence_Agency | The Directorate of Analysis produces all-source intelligence investigation on key foreign and intercontinental issues relating to powerful and sometimes anti-government sensitive topics. It has four regional analytic groups, six groups for transnational issues, and three focus on policy, collection, and staff support. ... | Who produces all source intelligence investigations? | Who produces all source intelligence investigations? | [
"Who produces all source intelligence investigations?"
] | {
"text": [
"The Directorate of Analysis"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113653 | 572f4d2d04bcaa1900d76828 | Central_Intelligence_Agency | The Directorate of Analysis produces all-source intelligence investigation on key foreign and intercontinental issues relating to powerful and sometimes anti-government sensitive topics. It has four regional analytic groups, six groups for transnational issues, and three focus on policy, collection, and staff support. ... | How many regional analytic groups does the Directorate of Analysis have? | How many regional analytic groups does the Directorate of Analysis have? | [
"How many regional analytic groups does the Directorate of Analysis have?"
] | {
"text": [
"four"
],
"answer_start": [
194
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113654 | 572f4d2d04bcaa1900d76829 | Central_Intelligence_Agency | The Directorate of Analysis produces all-source intelligence investigation on key foreign and intercontinental issues relating to powerful and sometimes anti-government sensitive topics. It has four regional analytic groups, six groups for transnational issues, and three focus on policy, collection, and staff support. ... | How many groups does the Directorate of Analysis have for transnational issues? | How many groups does the Directorate of Analysis have for transnational issues? | [
"How many groups does the Directorate of Analysis have for transnational issues?"
] | {
"text": [
"six"
],
"answer_start": [
225
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113655 | 572f4d2d04bcaa1900d7682a | Central_Intelligence_Agency | The Directorate of Analysis produces all-source intelligence investigation on key foreign and intercontinental issues relating to powerful and sometimes anti-government sensitive topics. It has four regional analytic groups, six groups for transnational issues, and three focus on policy, collection, and staff support. ... | The Directorate of Analysis has an office dedicated to what country? | The Directorate of Analysis has an office dedicated to what country? | [
"The Directorate of Analysis has an office dedicated to what country?"
] | {
"text": [
"Iraq"
],
"answer_start": [
352
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113656 | 572f4d2d04bcaa1900d7682b | Central_Intelligence_Agency | The Directorate of Analysis produces all-source intelligence investigation on key foreign and intercontinental issues relating to powerful and sometimes anti-government sensitive topics. It has four regional analytic groups, six groups for transnational issues, and three focus on policy, collection, and staff support. ... | How many groups of the Directorate of Analysis focus on policy, collection and staff support? | How many groups of the Directorate of Analysis focus on policy, collection and staff support? | [
"How many groups of the Directorate of Analysis focus on policy, collection and staff support?"
] | {
"text": [
"three"
],
"answer_start": [
266
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113657 | 572f4e74947a6a140053c86c | Central_Intelligence_Agency | The Directorate of Operations is responsible for collecting foreign intelligence, mainly from clandestine HUMINT sources, and covert action. The name reflects its role as the coordinator of human intelligence activities among other elements of the wider U.S. intelligence community with their own HUMINT operations. This... | What office is in charge of collecting foreign intelligence? | What office is in charge of collecting foreign intelligence? | [
"What office is in charge of collecting foreign intelligence?"
] | {
"text": [
"The Directorate of Operations"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113658 | 572f4e74947a6a140053c86d | Central_Intelligence_Agency | The Directorate of Operations is responsible for collecting foreign intelligence, mainly from clandestine HUMINT sources, and covert action. The name reflects its role as the coordinator of human intelligence activities among other elements of the wider U.S. intelligence community with their own HUMINT operations. This... | What is the main reason the Directorate of Operations was created? | What is the main reason the Directorate of Operations was created? | [
"What is the main reason the Directorate of Operations was created?"
] | {
"text": [
"to end years of rivalry"
],
"answer_start": [
359
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113659 | 572f4e74947a6a140053c86e | Central_Intelligence_Agency | The Directorate of Operations is responsible for collecting foreign intelligence, mainly from clandestine HUMINT sources, and covert action. The name reflects its role as the coordinator of human intelligence activities among other elements of the wider U.S. intelligence community with their own HUMINT operations. This... | What intelligence service did the Department of Defense recently create? | What intelligence service did the Department of Defense recently create? | [
"What intelligence service did the Department of Defense recently create?"
] | {
"text": [
"the Defense Clandestine Service"
],
"answer_start": [
600
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113660 | 572f4e74947a6a140053c86f | Central_Intelligence_Agency | The Directorate of Operations is responsible for collecting foreign intelligence, mainly from clandestine HUMINT sources, and covert action. The name reflects its role as the coordinator of human intelligence activities among other elements of the wider U.S. intelligence community with their own HUMINT operations. This... | What does DIA stand for? | What does DIA stand for? | [
"What does DIA stand for?"
] | {
"text": [
"Defense Intelligence Agency"
],
"answer_start": [
649
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113661 | 572f4e74947a6a140053c870 | Central_Intelligence_Agency | The Directorate of Operations is responsible for collecting foreign intelligence, mainly from clandestine HUMINT sources, and covert action. The name reflects its role as the coordinator of human intelligence activities among other elements of the wider U.S. intelligence community with their own HUMINT operations. This... | What is DOD short for? | What is DOD short for? | [
"What is DOD short for?"
] | {
"text": [
"Department of Defense"
],
"answer_start": [
447
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113662 | 572f4f74a23a5019007fc517 | Central_Intelligence_Agency | The CIA established its first training facility, the Office of Training and Education, in 1950. Following the end of the Cold War, the CIA's training budget was slashed, which had a negative effect on employee retention. In response, Director of Central Intelligence George Tenet established CIA University in 2002. CIA ... | In what year did the CIA establish its first training facility? | In what year did the CIA establish its first training facility? | [
"In what year did the CIA establish its first training facility?"
] | {
"text": [
"1950"
],
"answer_start": [
90
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113663 | 572f4f74a23a5019007fc518 | Central_Intelligence_Agency | The CIA established its first training facility, the Office of Training and Education, in 1950. Following the end of the Cold War, the CIA's training budget was slashed, which had a negative effect on employee retention. In response, Director of Central Intelligence George Tenet established CIA University in 2002. CIA ... | What was the name of the first training facility that was established by the CIA? | What was the name of the first training facility that was established by the CIA? | [
"What was the name of the first training facility that was established by the CIA?"
] | {
"text": [
"the Office of Training and Education"
],
"answer_start": [
49
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113664 | 572f4f74a23a5019007fc519 | Central_Intelligence_Agency | The CIA established its first training facility, the Office of Training and Education, in 1950. Following the end of the Cold War, the CIA's training budget was slashed, which had a negative effect on employee retention. In response, Director of Central Intelligence George Tenet established CIA University in 2002. CIA ... | What event decreased the CIA's training budget? | What event decreased the CIA's training budget? | [
"What event decreased the CIA's training budget?"
] | {
"text": [
"the Cold War"
],
"answer_start": [
117
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113665 | 572f4f74a23a5019007fc51a | Central_Intelligence_Agency | The CIA established its first training facility, the Office of Training and Education, in 1950. Following the end of the Cold War, the CIA's training budget was slashed, which had a negative effect on employee retention. In response, Director of Central Intelligence George Tenet established CIA University in 2002. CIA ... | Who was the Director of Central Intelligence in 2002? | Who was the Director of Central Intelligence in 2002? | [
"Who was the Director of Central Intelligence in 2002?"
] | {
"text": [
"George Tenet"
],
"answer_start": [
267
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113666 | 572f4f74a23a5019007fc51b | Central_Intelligence_Agency | The CIA established its first training facility, the Office of Training and Education, in 1950. Following the end of the Cold War, the CIA's training budget was slashed, which had a negative effect on employee retention. In response, Director of Central Intelligence George Tenet established CIA University in 2002. CIA ... | How many annual courses does the CIA University have? | How many annual courses does the CIA University have? | [
"How many annual courses does the CIA University have?"
] | {
"text": [
"between 200 and 300"
],
"answer_start": [
337
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113667 | 572f508fa23a5019007fc521 | Central_Intelligence_Agency | Details of the overall United States intelligence budget are classified. Under the Central Intelligence Agency Act of 1949, the Director of Central Intelligence is the only federal government employee who can spend "un-vouchered" government money. The government has disclosed a total figure for all non-military intelli... | What year was the Central Intelligence Agency Act created? | What year was the Central Intelligence Agency Act created? | [
"What year was the Central Intelligence Agency Act created?"
] | {
"text": [
"1949"
],
"answer_start": [
118
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113668 | 572f508fa23a5019007fc522 | Central_Intelligence_Agency | Details of the overall United States intelligence budget are classified. Under the Central Intelligence Agency Act of 1949, the Director of Central Intelligence is the only federal government employee who can spend "un-vouchered" government money. The government has disclosed a total figure for all non-military intelli... | Who is the only federal employee that can spend un-vouched for money? | Who is the only federal employee that can spend un-vouched for money? | [
"Who is the only federal employee that can spend un-vouched for money?"
] | {
"text": [
"the Director of Central Intelligence"
],
"answer_start": [
124
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113669 | 572f508fa23a5019007fc523 | Central_Intelligence_Agency | Details of the overall United States intelligence budget are classified. Under the Central Intelligence Agency Act of 1949, the Director of Central Intelligence is the only federal government employee who can spend "un-vouchered" government money. The government has disclosed a total figure for all non-military intelli... | How much money was spent on non-military intelligence in 2013? | How much money was spent on non-military intelligence in 2013? | [
"How much money was spent on non-military intelligence in 2013?"
] | {
"text": [
"$52.6 billion"
],
"answer_start": [
373
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113670 | 572f508fa23a5019007fc524 | Central_Intelligence_Agency | Details of the overall United States intelligence budget are classified. Under the Central Intelligence Agency Act of 1949, the Director of Central Intelligence is the only federal government employee who can spend "un-vouchered" government money. The government has disclosed a total figure for all non-military intelli... | What was the 2013 annual budget for the CIA's HUMINT? | What was the 2013 annual budget for the CIA's HUMINT? | [
"What was the 2013 annual budget for the CIA's HUMINT?"
] | {
"text": [
"$2.3 billion"
],
"answer_start": [
597
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113671 | 572f508fa23a5019007fc525 | Central_Intelligence_Agency | Details of the overall United States intelligence budget are classified. Under the Central Intelligence Agency Act of 1949, the Director of Central Intelligence is the only federal government employee who can spend "un-vouchered" government money. The government has disclosed a total figure for all non-military intelli... | What two major things does the CIA's "Covert action programs" include? | What two major things does the CIA's "Covert action programs" include? | [
"What two major things does the CIA's \"Covert action programs\" include?"
] | {
"text": [
"drone fleet and anti-Iranian nuclear program activities"
],
"answer_start": [
797
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113672 | 572f51a8a23a5019007fc52b | Central_Intelligence_Agency | There were numerous previous attempts to obtain general information about the budget. As a result, it was revealed that CIA's annual budget in Fiscal Year 1963 was US $550 million (inflation-adjusted US$ 4.3 billion in 2016), and the overall intelligence budget in FY 1997 was US $26.6 billion (inflation-adjusted US$ 39... | What was the first year the CIA's budget was disclosed? | What was the first year the CIA's budget was disclosed? | [
"What was the first year the CIA's budget was disclosed?"
] | {
"text": [
"1963"
],
"answer_start": [
155
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113673 | 572f51a8a23a5019007fc52c | Central_Intelligence_Agency | There were numerous previous attempts to obtain general information about the budget. As a result, it was revealed that CIA's annual budget in Fiscal Year 1963 was US $550 million (inflation-adjusted US$ 4.3 billion in 2016), and the overall intelligence budget in FY 1997 was US $26.6 billion (inflation-adjusted US$ 39... | Who disclosed the CIA's budget for 2005? | Who disclosed the CIA's budget for 2005? | [
"Who disclosed the CIA's budget for 2005?"
] | {
"text": [
"Mary Margaret Graham"
],
"answer_start": [
395
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113674 | 572f51a8a23a5019007fc52d | Central_Intelligence_Agency | There were numerous previous attempts to obtain general information about the budget. As a result, it was revealed that CIA's annual budget in Fiscal Year 1963 was US $550 million (inflation-adjusted US$ 4.3 billion in 2016), and the overall intelligence budget in FY 1997 was US $26.6 billion (inflation-adjusted US$ 39... | What group accidentally published the non CIA budget in 1994? | What group accidentally published the non CIA budget in 1994? | [
"What group accidentally published the non CIA budget in 1994?"
] | {
"text": [
"Congress"
],
"answer_start": [
578
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113675 | 572f51a8a23a5019007fc52e | Central_Intelligence_Agency | There were numerous previous attempts to obtain general information about the budget. As a result, it was revealed that CIA's annual budget in Fiscal Year 1963 was US $550 million (inflation-adjusted US$ 4.3 billion in 2016), and the overall intelligence budget in FY 1997 was US $26.6 billion (inflation-adjusted US$ 39... | What plan appropriated $13.7 billion over five years? | What plan appropriated $13.7 billion over five years? | [
"What plan appropriated $13.7 billion over five years?"
] | {
"text": [
"the Marshall Plan"
],
"answer_start": [
756
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113676 | 572f51a8a23a5019007fc52f | Central_Intelligence_Agency | There were numerous previous attempts to obtain general information about the budget. As a result, it was revealed that CIA's annual budget in Fiscal Year 1963 was US $550 million (inflation-adjusted US$ 4.3 billion in 2016), and the overall intelligence budget in FY 1997 was US $26.6 billion (inflation-adjusted US$ 39... | What percent of the $13.7 billion did the CIA receive? | What percent of the $13.7 billion did the CIA receive? | [
"What percent of the $13.7 billion did the CIA receive?"
] | {
"text": [
"5%"
],
"answer_start": [
833
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113677 | 572f52b1947a6a140053c876 | Central_Intelligence_Agency | The role and functions of the CIA are roughly equivalent to those of the United Kingdom's Secret Intelligence Service (the SIS or MI6), the Australian Secret Intelligence Service (ASIS), the Egyptian General Intelligence Service, the Russian Foreign Intelligence Service (Sluzhba Vneshney Razvedki) (SVR), the Indian Res... | What is the UK's equivalent to the CIA? | What is the UK's equivalent to the CIA? | [
"What is the UK's equivalent to the CIA?"
] | {
"text": [
"Secret Intelligence Service"
],
"answer_start": [
90
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113678 | 572f52b1947a6a140053c877 | Central_Intelligence_Agency | The role and functions of the CIA are roughly equivalent to those of the United Kingdom's Secret Intelligence Service (the SIS or MI6), the Australian Secret Intelligence Service (ASIS), the Egyptian General Intelligence Service, the Russian Foreign Intelligence Service (Sluzhba Vneshney Razvedki) (SVR), the Indian Res... | What does ASIS stand for? | What does ASIS stand for? | [
"What does ASIS stand for?"
] | {
"text": [
"Australian Secret Intelligence Service"
],
"answer_start": [
140
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113679 | 572f52b1947a6a140053c878 | Central_Intelligence_Agency | The role and functions of the CIA are roughly equivalent to those of the United Kingdom's Secret Intelligence Service (the SIS or MI6), the Australian Secret Intelligence Service (ASIS), the Egyptian General Intelligence Service, the Russian Foreign Intelligence Service (Sluzhba Vneshney Razvedki) (SVR), the Indian Res... | What is the name of Israel's intelligence agency? | What is the name of Israel's intelligence agency? | [
"What is the name of Israel's intelligence agency?"
] | {
"text": [
"Mossad"
],
"answer_start": [
505
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113680 | 572f52b1947a6a140053c879 | Central_Intelligence_Agency | The role and functions of the CIA are roughly equivalent to those of the United Kingdom's Secret Intelligence Service (the SIS or MI6), the Australian Secret Intelligence Service (ASIS), the Egyptian General Intelligence Service, the Russian Foreign Intelligence Service (Sluzhba Vneshney Razvedki) (SVR), the Indian Res... | What is the acronym for French's intelligence service? | What is the acronym for French's intelligence service? | [
"What is the acronym for French's intelligence service?"
] | {
"text": [
"DGSE"
],
"answer_start": [
486
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113681 | 572f52b1947a6a140053c87a | Central_Intelligence_Agency | The role and functions of the CIA are roughly equivalent to those of the United Kingdom's Secret Intelligence Service (the SIS or MI6), the Australian Secret Intelligence Service (ASIS), the Egyptian General Intelligence Service, the Russian Foreign Intelligence Service (Sluzhba Vneshney Razvedki) (SVR), the Indian Res... | What is the acronym for India's Research and Analysis Wing? | What is the acronym for India's Research and Analysis Wing? | [
"What is the acronym for India's Research and Analysis Wing?"
] | {
"text": [
"RAW"
],
"answer_start": [
345
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113682 | 572f554ea23a5019007fc565 | Central_Intelligence_Agency | The closest links of the U.S. IC to other foreign intelligence agencies are to Anglophone countries: Australia, Canada, New Zealand, and the United Kingdom. There is a special communications marking that signals that intelligence-related messages can be shared with these four countries. An indication of the United Stat... | Which four countries can share communications with the U.S. IC? | Which four countries can share communications with the U.S. IC? | [
"Which four countries can share communications with the U.S. IC?"
] | {
"text": [
"Australia, Canada, New Zealand, and the United Kingdom"
],
"answer_start": [
101
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113683 | 572f554ea23a5019007fc566 | Central_Intelligence_Agency | The closest links of the U.S. IC to other foreign intelligence agencies are to Anglophone countries: Australia, Canada, New Zealand, and the United Kingdom. There is a special communications marking that signals that intelligence-related messages can be shared with these four countries. An indication of the United Stat... | What does NOFORN stand for? | What does NOFORN stand for? | [
"What does NOFORN stand for?"
] | {
"text": [
"No Foreign Nationals"
],
"answer_start": [
501
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113684 | 572f554ea23a5019007fc567 | Central_Intelligence_Agency | The closest links of the U.S. IC to other foreign intelligence agencies are to Anglophone countries: Australia, Canada, New Zealand, and the United Kingdom. There is a special communications marking that signals that intelligence-related messages can be shared with these four countries. An indication of the United Stat... | What is the special marking that shows messages can be shared with these other five countries? | What is the special marking that shows messages can be shared with these other five countries? | [
"What is the special marking that shows messages can be shared with these other five countries?"
] | {
"text": [
"USA/AUS/CAN/GBR/NZL Five Eyes"
],
"answer_start": [
646
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113685 | 572f5607b2c2fd1400568035 | Central_Intelligence_Agency | The success of the British Commandos during World War II prompted U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt to authorize the creation of an intelligence service modeled after the British Secret Intelligence Service (MI6), and Special Operations Executive. This led to the creation of the Office of Strategic Services (OSS). O... | What president authorized the creation of the intelligence service? | What president authorized the creation of the intelligence service? | [
"What president authorized the creation of the intelligence service?"
] | {
"text": [
"Franklin D. Roosevelt"
],
"answer_start": [
81
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113686 | 572f5607b2c2fd1400568036 | Central_Intelligence_Agency | The success of the British Commandos during World War II prompted U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt to authorize the creation of an intelligence service modeled after the British Secret Intelligence Service (MI6), and Special Operations Executive. This led to the creation of the Office of Strategic Services (OSS). O... | Who's secret intelligence service was the US's modeled after? | Who's secret intelligence service was the US's modeled after? | [
"Who's secret intelligence service was the US's modeled after?"
] | {
"text": [
"British"
],
"answer_start": [
174
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113687 | 572f5607b2c2fd1400568037 | Central_Intelligence_Agency | The success of the British Commandos during World War II prompted U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt to authorize the creation of an intelligence service modeled after the British Secret Intelligence Service (MI6), and Special Operations Executive. This led to the creation of the Office of Strategic Services (OSS). O... | What does OSS stand for? | What does OSS stand for? | [
"What does OSS stand for?"
] | {
"text": [
"Office of Strategic Services"
],
"answer_start": [
283
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113688 | 572f5607b2c2fd1400568038 | Central_Intelligence_Agency | The success of the British Commandos during World War II prompted U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt to authorize the creation of an intelligence service modeled after the British Secret Intelligence Service (MI6), and Special Operations Executive. This led to the creation of the Office of Strategic Services (OSS). O... | Who signed the order to get rid of the OSS? | Who signed the order to get rid of the OSS? | [
"Who signed the order to get rid of the OSS?"
] | {
"text": [
"Harry S. Truman"
],
"answer_start": [
381
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113689 | 572f5607b2c2fd1400568039 | Central_Intelligence_Agency | The success of the British Commandos during World War II prompted U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt to authorize the creation of an intelligence service modeled after the British Secret Intelligence Service (MI6), and Special Operations Executive. This led to the creation of the Office of Strategic Services (OSS). O... | In what year was the OSS dissolved? | In what year was the OSS dissolved? | [
"In what year was the OSS dissolved?"
] | {
"text": [
"1945"
],
"answer_start": [
458
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113690 | 572f570b04bcaa1900d7685d | Central_Intelligence_Agency | Lawrence Houston, head counsel of the SSU, CIG, and, later CIA, was a principle draftsman of the National Security Act of 1947 which dissolved the NIA and the CIG, and established both the National Security Council and the Central Intelligence Agency. In 1949, Houston would help draft the Central Intelligence Agency Ac... | Which act got rid of the NIA and the CIG? | Which act got rid of the NIA and the CIG? | [
"Which act got rid of the NIA and the CIG?"
] | {
"text": [
"National Security Act"
],
"answer_start": [
97
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113691 | 572f570b04bcaa1900d7685e | Central_Intelligence_Agency | Lawrence Houston, head counsel of the SSU, CIG, and, later CIA, was a principle draftsman of the National Security Act of 1947 which dissolved the NIA and the CIG, and established both the National Security Council and the Central Intelligence Agency. In 1949, Houston would help draft the Central Intelligence Agency Ac... | What program handled "essential aliens" that did not fall under normal immigration policies? | What program handled "essential aliens" that did not fall under normal immigration policies? | [
"What program handled \"essential aliens\" that did not fall under normal immigration policies?"
] | {
"text": [
"PL-110"
],
"answer_start": [
663
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113692 | 572f570b04bcaa1900d7685f | Central_Intelligence_Agency | Lawrence Houston, head counsel of the SSU, CIG, and, later CIA, was a principle draftsman of the National Security Act of 1947 which dissolved the NIA and the CIG, and established both the National Security Council and the Central Intelligence Agency. In 1949, Houston would help draft the Central Intelligence Agency Ac... | Lawrence Houston helped to draft what act in 1949? | Lawrence Houston helped to draft what act in 1949? | [
"Lawrence Houston helped to draft what act in 1949?"
] | {
"text": [
"Central Intelligence Agency Act"
],
"answer_start": [
290
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113693 | 572f580c947a6a140053c894 | Central_Intelligence_Agency | At the outset of the Korean War the CIA still only had a few thousand employees, a thousand of whom worked in analysis. Intelligence primarily came from the Office of Reports and Estimates, which drew its reports from a daily take of State Department telegrams, military dispatches, and other public documents. The CIA s... | Who was appointed to be the new Director of the CIA in 1950? | Who was appointed to be the new Director of the CIA in 1950? | [
"Who was appointed to be the new Director of the CIA in 1950?"
] | {
"text": [
"Walter Bedell Smith"
],
"answer_start": [
453
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113694 | 572f580c947a6a140053c895 | Central_Intelligence_Agency | At the outset of the Korean War the CIA still only had a few thousand employees, a thousand of whom worked in analysis. Intelligence primarily came from the Office of Reports and Estimates, which drew its reports from a daily take of State Department telegrams, military dispatches, and other public documents. The CIA s... | Where was most of the CIA's intelligence coming from before 1950? | Where was most of the CIA's intelligence coming from before 1950? | [
"Where was most of the CIA's intelligence coming from before 1950?"
] | {
"text": [
"the Office of Reports and Estimates"
],
"answer_start": [
153
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113695 | 572f580c947a6a140053c896 | Central_Intelligence_Agency | At the outset of the Korean War the CIA still only had a few thousand employees, a thousand of whom worked in analysis. Intelligence primarily came from the Office of Reports and Estimates, which drew its reports from a daily take of State Department telegrams, military dispatches, and other public documents. The CIA s... | What president announced the new CIA director? | What president announced the new CIA director? | [
"What president announced the new CIA director?"
] | {
"text": [
"Truman"
],
"answer_start": [
436
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113696 | 572f58d704bcaa1900d76881 | Central_Intelligence_Agency | The CIA had different demands placed on it by the different bodies overseeing it. Truman wanted a centralized group to organize the information that reached him, the Department of Defense wanted military intelligence and covert action, and the State Department wanted to create global political change favorable to the U... | Who wanted the CIA to have a central group that organized information for him? | Who wanted the CIA to have a central group that organized information for him? | [
"Who wanted the CIA to have a central group that organized information for him?"
] | {
"text": [
"Truman"
],
"answer_start": [
82
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113697 | 572f58d704bcaa1900d76882 | Central_Intelligence_Agency | The CIA had different demands placed on it by the different bodies overseeing it. Truman wanted a centralized group to organize the information that reached him, the Department of Defense wanted military intelligence and covert action, and the State Department wanted to create global political change favorable to the U... | What did the Department of defense want from the CIA? | What did the Department of defense want from the CIA? | [
"What did the Department of defense want from the CIA?"
] | {
"text": [
"military intelligence and covert action"
],
"answer_start": [
195
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113698 | 572f58d704bcaa1900d76883 | Central_Intelligence_Agency | The CIA had different demands placed on it by the different bodies overseeing it. Truman wanted a centralized group to organize the information that reached him, the Department of Defense wanted military intelligence and covert action, and the State Department wanted to create global political change favorable to the U... | What was the State Department hoping for the CIA to do? | What was the State Department hoping for the CIA to do? | [
"What was the State Department hoping for the CIA to do?"
] | {
"text": [
"create global political change favorable to the US"
],
"answer_start": [
271
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113699 | 572f58d704bcaa1900d76884 | Central_Intelligence_Agency | The CIA had different demands placed on it by the different bodies overseeing it. Truman wanted a centralized group to organize the information that reached him, the Department of Defense wanted military intelligence and covert action, and the State Department wanted to create global political change favorable to the U... | What was one of the main targets of intelligence gathering? | What was one of the main targets of intelligence gathering? | [
"What was one of the main targets of intelligence gathering?"
] | {
"text": [
"the Soviet Union"
],
"answer_start": [
471
]
} |
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