gem_id stringlengths 20 25 | id stringlengths 24 24 | title stringlengths 3 59 | context stringlengths 151 3.71k | question stringlengths 1 270 | target stringlengths 1 270 | references list | answers dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
gem-squad_v2-train-114100 | 5a42cfd64a4859001aac7335 | Philosophy_of_space_and_time | But in statistical mechanics things get more complicated. On one hand, statistical mechanics is far superior to classical thermodynamics, in that thermodynamic behavior, such as glass breaking, can be explained by the fundamental laws of physics paired with a statistical postulate. But statistical mechanics, unlike cla... | What type of mechanics help to simplify things? | What type of mechanics help to simplify things? | [
"What type of mechanics help to simplify things?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114101 | 5a42cfd64a4859001aac7336 | Philosophy_of_space_and_time | But in statistical mechanics things get more complicated. On one hand, statistical mechanics is far superior to classical thermodynamics, in that thermodynamic behavior, such as glass breaking, can be explained by the fundamental laws of physics paired with a statistical postulate. But statistical mechanics, unlike cla... | What is superior to statistical mechanics? | What is superior to statistical mechanics? | [
"What is superior to statistical mechanics?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114102 | 5a42cfd64a4859001aac7337 | Philosophy_of_space_and_time | But in statistical mechanics things get more complicated. On one hand, statistical mechanics is far superior to classical thermodynamics, in that thermodynamic behavior, such as glass breaking, can be explained by the fundamental laws of physics paired with a statistical postulate. But statistical mechanics, unlike cla... | What thermodynamic behavior can not be explained by the fundemental laws of physics? | What thermodynamic behavior can not be explained by the fundemental laws of physics? | [
"What thermodynamic behavior can not be explained by the fundemental laws of physics?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114103 | 5a42cfd64a4859001aac7338 | Philosophy_of_space_and_time | But in statistical mechanics things get more complicated. On one hand, statistical mechanics is far superior to classical thermodynamics, in that thermodynamic behavior, such as glass breaking, can be explained by the fundamental laws of physics paired with a statistical postulate. But statistical mechanics, unlike cla... | What is an abso;ute law in statistical mechanics? | What is an abso;ute law in statistical mechanics? | [
"What is an abso;ute law in statistical mechanics?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114104 | 572a34b91d0469140077984f | Philosophy_of_space_and_time | A third type of solution to the problem of the direction of time, although much less represented, argues that the laws are not time-reversal symmetric. For example, certain processes in quantum mechanics, relating to the weak nuclear force, are not time-reversible, keeping in mind that when dealing with quantum mechani... | What does the third type of solution to the problem of the direction of time argue? | What does the third type of solution to the problem of the direction of time argue? | [
"What does the third type of solution to the problem of the direction of time argue?"
] | {
"text": [
"the laws are not time-reversal symmetric"
],
"answer_start": [
110
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114105 | 572a34b91d04691400779850 | Philosophy_of_space_and_time | A third type of solution to the problem of the direction of time, although much less represented, argues that the laws are not time-reversal symmetric. For example, certain processes in quantum mechanics, relating to the weak nuclear force, are not time-reversible, keeping in mind that when dealing with quantum mechani... | What is are kind of nuclear force is not time-reversibile? | What is are kind of nuclear force is not time-reversibile? | [
"What is are kind of nuclear force is not time-reversibile?"
] | {
"text": [
"weak nuclear force"
],
"answer_start": [
221
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114106 | 572a34b91d04691400779851 | Philosophy_of_space_and_time | A third type of solution to the problem of the direction of time, although much less represented, argues that the laws are not time-reversal symmetric. For example, certain processes in quantum mechanics, relating to the weak nuclear force, are not time-reversible, keeping in mind that when dealing with quantum mechani... | Time asymmetric phenomena in quantum mechanics are to few to account what kind of time-asymmetry? | Time asymmetric phenomena in quantum mechanics are to few to account what kind of time-asymmetry? | [
"Time asymmetric phenomena in quantum mechanics are to few to account what kind of time-asymmetry?"
] | {
"text": [
"macroscopic"
],
"answer_start": [
528
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114107 | 5a42d0914a4859001aac733d | Philosophy_of_space_and_time | A third type of solution to the problem of the direction of time, although much less represented, argues that the laws are not time-reversal symmetric. For example, certain processes in quantum mechanics, relating to the weak nuclear force, are not time-reversible, keeping in mind that when dealing with quantum mechani... | What does the thirs solution argue is time-reversal symmetric? | What does the thirs solution argue is time-reversal symmetric? | [
"What does the thirs solution argue is time-reversal symmetric?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114108 | 5a42d0914a4859001aac733e | Philosophy_of_space_and_time | A third type of solution to the problem of the direction of time, although much less represented, argues that the laws are not time-reversal symmetric. For example, certain processes in quantum mechanics, relating to the weak nuclear force, are not time-reversible, keeping in mind that when dealing with quantum mechani... | What processes in quantum mechanics are reversable? | What processes in quantum mechanics are reversable? | [
"What processes in quantum mechanics are reversable?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114109 | 5a42d0914a4859001aac733f | Philosophy_of_space_and_time | A third type of solution to the problem of the direction of time, although much less represented, argues that the laws are not time-reversal symmetric. For example, certain processes in quantum mechanics, relating to the weak nuclear force, are not time-reversible, keeping in mind that when dealing with quantum mechani... | What asymmetric phenomena are common in quantum mechanics? | What asymmetric phenomena are common in quantum mechanics? | [
"What asymmetric phenomena are common in quantum mechanics?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114110 | 572a36f06aef05140015538a | Philosophy_of_space_and_time | One recent proponent of the laws solution is Tim Maudlin who argues that the fundamental laws of physics are laws of temporal evolution (see Maudlin ). However, elsewhere Maudlin argues: "[the] passage of time is an intrinsic asymmetry in the temporal structure of the world... It is the asymmetry that grounds the disti... | Who argues that the fundamental laws of physics are laws of temporal evolution? | Who argues that the fundamental laws of physics are laws of temporal evolution? | [
"Who argues that the fundamental laws of physics are laws of temporal evolution?"
] | {
"text": [
"Tim Maudlin"
],
"answer_start": [
45
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114111 | 572a36f06aef05140015538b | Philosophy_of_space_and_time | One recent proponent of the laws solution is Tim Maudlin who argues that the fundamental laws of physics are laws of temporal evolution (see Maudlin ). However, elsewhere Maudlin argues: "[the] passage of time is an intrinsic asymmetry in the temporal structure of the world... It is the asymmetry that grounds the disti... | Maudlin argues that the passage of time is what kind of asymmetry? | Maudlin argues that the passage of time is what kind of asymmetry? | [
"Maudlin argues that the passage of time is what kind of asymmetry?"
] | {
"text": [
"intrinsic"
],
"answer_start": [
216
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114112 | 572a36f06aef05140015538c | Philosophy_of_space_and_time | One recent proponent of the laws solution is Tim Maudlin who argues that the fundamental laws of physics are laws of temporal evolution (see Maudlin ). However, elsewhere Maudlin argues: "[the] passage of time is an intrinsic asymmetry in the temporal structure of the world... It is the asymmetry that grounds the disti... | What grounds the distinction between sequences? | What grounds the distinction between sequences? | [
"What grounds the distinction between sequences?"
] | {
"text": [
"asymmetry"
],
"answer_start": [
226
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114113 | 572a36f06aef05140015538d | Philosophy_of_space_and_time | One recent proponent of the laws solution is Tim Maudlin who argues that the fundamental laws of physics are laws of temporal evolution (see Maudlin ). However, elsewhere Maudlin argues: "[the] passage of time is an intrinsic asymmetry in the temporal structure of the world... It is the asymmetry that grounds the disti... | Whose suggestion is difficult to assess in regards to the direction of time? | Whose suggestion is difficult to assess in regards to the direction of time? | [
"Whose suggestion is difficult to assess in regards to the direction of time?"
] | {
"text": [
"Maudlin"
],
"answer_start": [
498
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114114 | 5a42d1c04a4859001aac7343 | Philosophy_of_space_and_time | One recent proponent of the laws solution is Tim Maudlin who argues that the fundamental laws of physics are laws of temporal evolution (see Maudlin ). However, elsewhere Maudlin argues: "[the] passage of time is an intrinsic asymmetry in the temporal structure of the world... It is the asymmetry that grounds the disti... | Who oposses the laws solution? | Who oposses the laws solution? | [
"Who oposses the laws solution?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114115 | 5a42d1c04a4859001aac7344 | Philosophy_of_space_and_time | One recent proponent of the laws solution is Tim Maudlin who argues that the fundamental laws of physics are laws of temporal evolution (see Maudlin ). However, elsewhere Maudlin argues: "[the] passage of time is an intrinsic asymmetry in the temporal structure of the world... It is the asymmetry that grounds the disti... | Who says that the laws of physics are not laws of temporal evolution? | Who says that the laws of physics are not laws of temporal evolution? | [
"Who says that the laws of physics are not laws of temporal evolution?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114116 | 5a42d1c04a4859001aac7345 | Philosophy_of_space_and_time | One recent proponent of the laws solution is Tim Maudlin who argues that the fundamental laws of physics are laws of temporal evolution (see Maudlin ). However, elsewhere Maudlin argues: "[the] passage of time is an intrinsic asymmetry in the temporal structure of the world... It is the asymmetry that grounds the disti... | What does Maudlin claim time is not in the structure of the world? | What does Maudlin claim time is not in the structure of the world? | [
"What does Maudlin claim time is not in the structure of the world?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114117 | 5a42d1c04a4859001aac7346 | Philosophy_of_space_and_time | One recent proponent of the laws solution is Tim Maudlin who argues that the fundamental laws of physics are laws of temporal evolution (see Maudlin ). However, elsewhere Maudlin argues: "[the] passage of time is an intrinsic asymmetry in the temporal structure of the world... It is the asymmetry that grounds the disti... | What does the symetry in the temoral structure of the world ground? | What does the symetry in the temoral structure of the world ground? | [
"What does the symetry in the temoral structure of the world ground?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114118 | 572a3a0b6aef0514001553a2 | Philosophy_of_space_and_time | The problem of the flow of time, as it has been treated in analytic philosophy, owes its beginning to a paper written by J. M. E. McTaggart. In this paper McTaggart proposes two "temporal series". The first series, which means to account for our intuitions about temporal becoming, or the moving Now, is called the A-ser... | Who started the discussion within analytic philosophy on the problem of the flow of time? | Who started the discussion within analytic philosophy on the problem of the flow of time? | [
"Who started the discussion within analytic philosophy on the problem of the flow of time?"
] | {
"text": [
"J. M. E. McTaggart"
],
"answer_start": [
121
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114119 | 572a3a0b6aef0514001553a3 | Philosophy_of_space_and_time | The problem of the flow of time, as it has been treated in analytic philosophy, owes its beginning to a paper written by J. M. E. McTaggart. In this paper McTaggart proposes two "temporal series". The first series, which means to account for our intuitions about temporal becoming, or the moving Now, is called the A-ser... | How many "temporal series" did McTaggart propose? | How many "temporal series" did McTaggart propose? | [
"How many \"temporal series\" did McTaggart propose?"
] | {
"text": [
"two"
],
"answer_start": [
174
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114120 | 572a3a0b6aef0514001553a4 | Philosophy_of_space_and_time | The problem of the flow of time, as it has been treated in analytic philosophy, owes its beginning to a paper written by J. M. E. McTaggart. In this paper McTaggart proposes two "temporal series". The first series, which means to account for our intuitions about temporal becoming, or the moving Now, is called the A-ser... | What was McTaggart's first series called? | What was McTaggart's first series called? | [
"What was McTaggart's first series called?"
] | {
"text": [
"the A-series"
],
"answer_start": [
311
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114121 | 572a3a0b6aef0514001553a5 | Philosophy_of_space_and_time | The problem of the flow of time, as it has been treated in analytic philosophy, owes its beginning to a paper written by J. M. E. McTaggart. In this paper McTaggart proposes two "temporal series". The first series, which means to account for our intuitions about temporal becoming, or the moving Now, is called the A-ser... | The A-Series orders events according to their being in the past, present or future and in comparison to what else? | The A-Series orders events according to their being in the past, present or future and in comparison to what else? | [
"The A-Series orders events according to their being in the past, present or future and in comparison to what else?"
] | {
"text": [
"each other"
],
"answer_start": [
442
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114122 | 572a3a0b6aef0514001553a6 | Philosophy_of_space_and_time | The problem of the flow of time, as it has been treated in analytic philosophy, owes its beginning to a paper written by J. M. E. McTaggart. In this paper McTaggart proposes two "temporal series". The first series, which means to account for our intuitions about temporal becoming, or the moving Now, is called the A-ser... | What is McTaggart's second series called? | What is McTaggart's second series called? | [
"What is McTaggart's second series called?"
] | {
"text": [
"The B-series"
],
"answer_start": [
454
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114123 | 5a42d2aa4a4859001aac734b | Philosophy_of_space_and_time | The problem of the flow of time, as it has been treated in analytic philosophy, owes its beginning to a paper written by J. M. E. McTaggart. In this paper McTaggart proposes two "temporal series". The first series, which means to account for our intuitions about temporal becoming, or the moving Now, is called the A-ser... | Who created a problem with the flow of time? | Who created a problem with the flow of time? | [
"Who created a problem with the flow of time?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114124 | 5a42d2aa4a4859001aac734c | Philosophy_of_space_and_time | The problem of the flow of time, as it has been treated in analytic philosophy, owes its beginning to a paper written by J. M. E. McTaggart. In this paper McTaggart proposes two "temporal series". The first series, which means to account for our intuitions about temporal becoming, or the moving Now, is called the A-ser... | What orders events according to their existance in the past, present or future? | What orders events according to their existance in the past, present or future? | [
"What orders events according to their existance in the past, present or future?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114125 | 5a42d2aa4a4859001aac734d | Philosophy_of_space_and_time | The problem of the flow of time, as it has been treated in analytic philosophy, owes its beginning to a paper written by J. M. E. McTaggart. In this paper McTaggart proposes two "temporal series". The first series, which means to account for our intuitions about temporal becoming, or the moving Now, is called the A-ser... | What implements refrences to the past? | What implements refrences to the past? | [
"What implements refrences to the past?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114126 | 572a3beaaf94a219006aa8f3 | Philosophy_of_space_and_time | According to Presentism, time is an ordering of various realities. At a certain time some things exist and others do not. This is the only reality we can deal with and we cannot for example say that Homer exists because at the present time he does not. An Eternalist, on the other hand, holds that time is a dimension of... | According to what theory is time an ordering of various realities? | According to what theory is time an ordering of various realities? | [
"According to what theory is time an ordering of various realities?"
] | {
"text": [
"Presentism"
],
"answer_start": [
13
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114127 | 572a3beaaf94a219006aa8f4 | Philosophy_of_space_and_time | According to Presentism, time is an ordering of various realities. At a certain time some things exist and others do not. This is the only reality we can deal with and we cannot for example say that Homer exists because at the present time he does not. An Eternalist, on the other hand, holds that time is a dimension of... | Presentism states that at a certain time some things do what? | Presentism states that at a certain time some things do what? | [
"Presentism states that at a certain time some things do what?"
] | {
"text": [
"exist"
],
"answer_start": [
97
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114128 | 572a3beaaf94a219006aa8f5 | Philosophy_of_space_and_time | According to Presentism, time is an ordering of various realities. At a certain time some things exist and others do not. This is the only reality we can deal with and we cannot for example say that Homer exists because at the present time he does not. An Eternalist, on the other hand, holds that time is a dimension of... | Who believes that time is a dimension of reality on a par with the three spatial dimensions | Who believes that time is a dimension of reality on a par with the three spatial dimensions | [
"Who believes that time is a dimension of reality on a par with the three spatial dimensions"
] | {
"text": [
"Eternalist"
],
"answer_start": [
256
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114129 | 572a3beaaf94a219006aa8f6 | Philosophy_of_space_and_time | According to Presentism, time is an ordering of various realities. At a certain time some things exist and others do not. This is the only reality we can deal with and we cannot for example say that Homer exists because at the present time he does not. An Eternalist, on the other hand, holds that time is a dimension of... | According to an Eternalist, what can be said to be just as real as things in the present? | According to an Eternalist, what can be said to be just as real as things in the present? | [
"According to an Eternalist, what can be said to be just as real as things in the present?"
] | {
"text": [
"all things—past, present, and future"
],
"answer_start": [
388
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114130 | 572a3beaaf94a219006aa8f7 | Philosophy_of_space_and_time | According to Presentism, time is an ordering of various realities. At a certain time some things exist and others do not. This is the only reality we can deal with and we cannot for example say that Homer exists because at the present time he does not. An Eternalist, on the other hand, holds that time is a dimension of... | According to the Eternalist theory, what must we use to describe Homer? | According to the Eternalist theory, what must we use to describe Homer? | [
"According to the Eternalist theory, what must we use to describe Homer?"
] | {
"text": [
"special language"
],
"answer_start": [
659
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114131 | 5a42d3864a4859001aac7351 | Philosophy_of_space_and_time | According to Presentism, time is an ordering of various realities. At a certain time some things exist and others do not. This is the only reality we can deal with and we cannot for example say that Homer exists because at the present time he does not. An Eternalist, on the other hand, holds that time is a dimension of... | What states time is the existance of various relities? | What states time is the existance of various relities? | [
"What states time is the existance of various relities?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114132 | 5a42d3864a4859001aac7352 | Philosophy_of_space_and_time | According to Presentism, time is an ordering of various realities. At a certain time some things exist and others do not. This is the only reality we can deal with and we cannot for example say that Homer exists because at the present time he does not. An Eternalist, on the other hand, holds that time is a dimension of... | What states all things have either always existed or not | What states all things have either always existed or not | [
"What states all things have either always existed or not"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114133 | 5a42d3864a4859001aac7353 | Philosophy_of_space_and_time | According to Presentism, time is an ordering of various realities. At a certain time some things exist and others do not. This is the only reality we can deal with and we cannot for example say that Homer exists because at the present time he does not. An Eternalist, on the other hand, holds that time is a dimension of... | What do Eterialist say time is independent of? | What do Eterialist say time is independent of? | [
"What do Eterialist say time is independent of?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114134 | 5a42d3864a4859001aac7354 | Philosophy_of_space_and_time | According to Presentism, time is an ordering of various realities. At a certain time some things exist and others do not. This is the only reality we can deal with and we cannot for example say that Homer exists because at the present time he does not. An Eternalist, on the other hand, holds that time is a dimension of... | What is more real according to Eternalists? | What is more real according to Eternalists? | [
"What is more real according to Eternalists?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114135 | 572a3caeaf94a219006aa8fd | Philosophy_of_space_and_time | The positions on the persistence of objects are somewhat similar. An endurantist holds that for an object to persist through time is for it to exist completely at different times (each instance of existence we can regard as somehow separate from previous and future instances, though still numerically identical with the... | How similar are the positions on the persistence of objects? | How similar are the positions on the persistence of objects? | [
"How similar are the positions on the persistence of objects?"
] | {
"text": [
"somewhat similar"
],
"answer_start": [
48
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114136 | 572a3caeaf94a219006aa8fe | Philosophy_of_space_and_time | The positions on the persistence of objects are somewhat similar. An endurantist holds that for an object to persist through time is for it to exist completely at different times (each instance of existence we can regard as somehow separate from previous and future instances, though still numerically identical with the... | Who holds that for an object to persist through time is for it to exist completely at different times? | Who holds that for an object to persist through time is for it to exist completely at different times? | [
"Who holds that for an object to persist through time is for it to exist completely at different times?"
] | {
"text": [
"endurantist"
],
"answer_start": [
69
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114137 | 572a3caeaf94a219006aa8ff | Philosophy_of_space_and_time | The positions on the persistence of objects are somewhat similar. An endurantist holds that for an object to persist through time is for it to exist completely at different times (each instance of existence we can regard as somehow separate from previous and future instances, though still numerically identical with the... | Who holds for a thing to exist through time is for it to exist as a continuous reality? | Who holds for a thing to exist through time is for it to exist as a continuous reality? | [
"Who holds for a thing to exist through time is for it to exist as a continuous reality?"
] | {
"text": [
"perdurantist"
],
"answer_start": [
326
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114138 | 572a3caeaf94a219006aa900 | Philosophy_of_space_and_time | The positions on the persistence of objects are somewhat similar. An endurantist holds that for an object to persist through time is for it to exist completely at different times (each instance of existence we can regard as somehow separate from previous and future instances, though still numerically identical with the... | Which view is seen as conventional? | Which view is seen as conventional? | [
"Which view is seen as conventional?"
] | {
"text": [
"Endurantism"
],
"answer_start": [
577
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114139 | 572a3caeaf94a219006aa901 | Philosophy_of_space_and_time | The positions on the persistence of objects are somewhat similar. An endurantist holds that for an object to persist through time is for it to exist completely at different times (each instance of existence we can regard as somehow separate from previous and future instances, though still numerically identical with the... | Who is an example of a perdurantist? | Who is an example of a perdurantist? | [
"Who is an example of a perdurantist?"
] | {
"text": [
"David Lewis"
],
"answer_start": [
878
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114140 | 5a42d4e74a4859001aac7359 | Philosophy_of_space_and_time | The positions on the persistence of objects are somewhat similar. An endurantist holds that for an object to persist through time is for it to exist completely at different times (each instance of existence we can regard as somehow separate from previous and future instances, though still numerically identical with the... | Who says that objects existin incompletely in the past present and future? | Who says that objects existin incompletely in the past present and future? | [
"Who says that objects existin incompletely in the past present and future?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114141 | 5a42d4e74a4859001aac735a | Philosophy_of_space_and_time | The positions on the persistence of objects are somewhat similar. An endurantist holds that for an object to persist through time is for it to exist completely at different times (each instance of existence we can regard as somehow separate from previous and future instances, though still numerically identical with the... | Who states that an object must in different realities? | Who states that an object must in different realities? | [
"Who states that an object must in different realities?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114142 | 5a42d4e74a4859001aac735b | Philosophy_of_space_and_time | The positions on the persistence of objects are somewhat similar. An endurantist holds that for an object to persist through time is for it to exist completely at different times (each instance of existence we can regard as somehow separate from previous and future instances, though still numerically identical with the... | What does endurantism take account of the change in? | What does endurantism take account of the change in? | [
"What does endurantism take account of the change in?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114143 | 5a42d4e74a4859001aac735c | Philosophy_of_space_and_time | The positions on the persistence of objects are somewhat similar. An endurantist holds that for an object to persist through time is for it to exist completely at different times (each instance of existence we can regard as somehow separate from previous and future instances, though still numerically identical with the... | What says that when we talk to a person we are talking to part of a cross-temeporal being? | What says that when we talk to a person we are talking to part of a cross-temeporal being? | [
"What says that when we talk to a person we are talking to part of a cross-temeporal being?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114144 | 572a3d3a1d04691400779875 | Philosophy_of_space_and_time | However, asymmetry of causation can be observed in a non-arbitrary way which is not metaphysical in the case of a human hand dropping a cup of water which smashes into fragments on a hard floor, spilling the liquid. In this order, the causes of the resultant pattern of cup fragments and water spill is easily attributab... | How can asymmetry of causation be observed? | How can asymmetry of causation be observed? | [
"How can asymmetry of causation be observed?"
] | {
"text": [
"in a non-arbitrary way"
],
"answer_start": [
48
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114145 | 572a3d3a1d04691400779876 | Philosophy_of_space_and_time | However, asymmetry of causation can be observed in a non-arbitrary way which is not metaphysical in the case of a human hand dropping a cup of water which smashes into fragments on a hard floor, spilling the liquid. In this order, the causes of the resultant pattern of cup fragments and water spill is easily attributab... | How many features of asymmetry in the cup example can be viewed? | How many features of asymmetry in the cup example can be viewed? | [
"How many features of asymmetry in the cup example can be viewed?"
] | {
"text": [
"two"
],
"answer_start": [
958
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114146 | 572a3d3a1d04691400779877 | Philosophy_of_space_and_time | However, asymmetry of causation can be observed in a non-arbitrary way which is not metaphysical in the case of a human hand dropping a cup of water which smashes into fragments on a hard floor, spilling the liquid. In this order, the causes of the resultant pattern of cup fragments and water spill is easily attributab... | Asymmetry is attributable to a relation of what kind of direction? | Asymmetry is attributable to a relation of what kind of direction? | [
"Asymmetry is attributable to a relation of what kind of direction?"
] | {
"text": [
"temporal"
],
"answer_start": [
1373
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114147 | 572a3d3a1d04691400779878 | Philosophy_of_space_and_time | However, asymmetry of causation can be observed in a non-arbitrary way which is not metaphysical in the case of a human hand dropping a cup of water which smashes into fragments on a hard floor, spilling the liquid. In this order, the causes of the resultant pattern of cup fragments and water spill is easily attributab... | What else, besides direction, is asymmetry attributable to? | What else, besides direction, is asymmetry attributable to? | [
"What else, besides direction, is asymmetry attributable to?"
] | {
"text": [
"implications of form and functional capacity"
],
"answer_start": [
1416
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114148 | 5a42ceb04a4859001aac732d | Philosophy_of_space_and_time | However, asymmetry of causation can be observed in a non-arbitrary way which is not metaphysical in the case of a human hand dropping a cup of water which smashes into fragments on a hard floor, spilling the liquid. In this order, the causes of the resultant pattern of cup fragments and water spill is easily attributab... | What can be observed in an arbitrary way? | What can be observed in an arbitrary way? | [
"What can be observed in an arbitrary way?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114149 | 5a42ceb04a4859001aac732e | Philosophy_of_space_and_time | However, asymmetry of causation can be observed in a non-arbitrary way which is not metaphysical in the case of a human hand dropping a cup of water which smashes into fragments on a hard floor, spilling the liquid. In this order, the causes of the resultant pattern of cup fragments and water spill is easily attributab... | How many examples of symetry can be observed in the cup example? | How many examples of symetry can be observed in the cup example? | [
"How many examples of symetry can be observed in the cup example?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114150 | 5a42ceb04a4859001aac732f | Philosophy_of_space_and_time | However, asymmetry of causation can be observed in a non-arbitrary way which is not metaphysical in the case of a human hand dropping a cup of water which smashes into fragments on a hard floor, spilling the liquid. In this order, the causes of the resultant pattern of cup fragments and water spill is easily attributab... | Symmetry is atributable to a ralationship of what kind of direction? | Symmetry is atributable to a ralationship of what kind of direction? | [
"Symmetry is atributable to a ralationship of what kind of direction?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114151 | 5a42ceb04a4859001aac7330 | Philosophy_of_space_and_time | However, asymmetry of causation can be observed in a non-arbitrary way which is not metaphysical in the case of a human hand dropping a cup of water which smashes into fragments on a hard floor, spilling the liquid. In this order, the causes of the resultant pattern of cup fragments and water spill is easily attributab... | What else besides direction is symmetry attributed to? | What else besides direction is symmetry attributed to? | [
"What else besides direction is symmetry attributed to?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114152 | 57267978708984140094c753 | The_Sun_(United_Kingdom) | The Sun had the largest circulation of any daily newspaper in the United Kingdom, but in late 2013 slipped to second largest Saturday newspaper behind the Daily Mail. It had an average daily circulation of 2.2 million copies in March 2014. Between July and December 2013 the paper had an average daily readership of appr... | Which newspaper overtook The Sun as largest Saturday UK newspaper? | Which newspaper overtook The Sun as largest Saturday UK newspaper? | [
"Which newspaper overtook The Sun as largest Saturday UK newspaper?"
] | {
"text": [
"Daily Mail"
],
"answer_start": [
155
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114153 | 57267978708984140094c754 | The_Sun_(United_Kingdom) | The Sun had the largest circulation of any daily newspaper in the United Kingdom, but in late 2013 slipped to second largest Saturday newspaper behind the Daily Mail. It had an average daily circulation of 2.2 million copies in March 2014. Between July and December 2013 the paper had an average daily readership of appr... | What was the sun's circulation per day in March 2014? | What was the sun's circulation per day in March 2014? | [
"What was the sun's circulation per day in March 2014?"
] | {
"text": [
"2.2 million copies"
],
"answer_start": [
206
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114154 | 57267978708984140094c755 | The_Sun_(United_Kingdom) | The Sun had the largest circulation of any daily newspaper in the United Kingdom, but in late 2013 slipped to second largest Saturday newspaper behind the Daily Mail. It had an average daily circulation of 2.2 million copies in March 2014. Between July and December 2013 the paper had an average daily readership of appr... | What was the largest demographic for readers of The Sun? | What was the largest demographic for readers of The Sun? | [
"What was the largest demographic for readers of The Sun?"
] | {
"text": [
"C2DE demographic"
],
"answer_start": [
424
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114155 | 57267978708984140094c756 | The_Sun_(United_Kingdom) | The Sun had the largest circulation of any daily newspaper in the United Kingdom, but in late 2013 slipped to second largest Saturday newspaper behind the Daily Mail. It had an average daily circulation of 2.2 million copies in March 2014. Between July and December 2013 the paper had an average daily readership of appr... | What is the percentage of The Sun readers who are women? | What is the percentage of The Sun readers who are women? | [
"What is the percentage of The Sun readers who are women?"
] | {
"text": [
"Approximately 41%"
],
"answer_start": [
442
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114156 | 57267978708984140094c757 | The_Sun_(United_Kingdom) | The Sun had the largest circulation of any daily newspaper in the United Kingdom, but in late 2013 slipped to second largest Saturday newspaper behind the Daily Mail. It had an average daily circulation of 2.2 million copies in March 2014. Between July and December 2013 the paper had an average daily readership of appr... | What is one controversial event covered by The Sun? | What is one controversial event covered by The Sun? | [
"What is one controversial event covered by The Sun?"
] | {
"text": [
"1989 Hillsborough football stadium disaster"
],
"answer_start": [
576
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114157 | 57267a9b5951b619008f73fd | The_Sun_(United_Kingdom) | On 26 February 2012, The Sun on Sunday was launched to replace the closed News of the World, employing some of its former journalists. In late 2013, it was given a new look, with a new typeface. The average circulation for The Sun on Sunday in March 2014 was 1,686,840; but in May 2015 The Mail on Sunday sold more copie... | Which newspaper did the The Sun on Sunday take the place of? | Which newspaper did the The Sun on Sunday take the place of? | [
"Which newspaper did the The Sun on Sunday take the place of?"
] | {
"text": [
"News of the World"
],
"answer_start": [
74
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114158 | 57267a9b5951b619008f73fe | The_Sun_(United_Kingdom) | On 26 February 2012, The Sun on Sunday was launched to replace the closed News of the World, employing some of its former journalists. In late 2013, it was given a new look, with a new typeface. The average circulation for The Sun on Sunday in March 2014 was 1,686,840; but in May 2015 The Mail on Sunday sold more copie... | In what year was The Sun's look changed? | In what year was The Sun's look changed? | [
"In what year was The Sun's look changed?"
] | {
"text": [
"2013"
],
"answer_start": [
143
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114159 | 57267a9b5951b619008f73ff | The_Sun_(United_Kingdom) | On 26 February 2012, The Sun on Sunday was launched to replace the closed News of the World, employing some of its former journalists. In late 2013, it was given a new look, with a new typeface. The average circulation for The Sun on Sunday in March 2014 was 1,686,840; but in May 2015 The Mail on Sunday sold more copie... | What was the circulation of The Sun on Sunday in March 2014? | What was the circulation of The Sun on Sunday in March 2014? | [
"What was the circulation of The Sun on Sunday in March 2014?"
] | {
"text": [
"1,686,840"
],
"answer_start": [
259
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114160 | 57267a9b5951b619008f7400 | The_Sun_(United_Kingdom) | On 26 February 2012, The Sun on Sunday was launched to replace the closed News of the World, employing some of its former journalists. In late 2013, it was given a new look, with a new typeface. The average circulation for The Sun on Sunday in March 2014 was 1,686,840; but in May 2015 The Mail on Sunday sold more copie... | When did the Sunday Mail overtake The Sun in sales numbers? | When did the Sunday Mail overtake The Sun in sales numbers? | [
"When did the Sunday Mail overtake The Sun in sales numbers?"
] | {
"text": [
"May 2015"
],
"answer_start": [
277
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114161 | 57267a9b5951b619008f7401 | The_Sun_(United_Kingdom) | On 26 February 2012, The Sun on Sunday was launched to replace the closed News of the World, employing some of its former journalists. In late 2013, it was given a new look, with a new typeface. The average circulation for The Sun on Sunday in March 2014 was 1,686,840; but in May 2015 The Mail on Sunday sold more copie... | When is the weekly Mail forecast to pass The Sun in terms of circulation? | When is the weekly Mail forecast to pass The Sun in terms of circulation? | [
"When is the weekly Mail forecast to pass The Sun in terms of circulation?"
] | {
"text": [
"during 2016"
],
"answer_start": [
547
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114162 | 57267bc45951b619008f743d | The_Sun_(United_Kingdom) | Research commissioned by Cecil King from Mark Abrams of Sussex University, The Newspaper Reading Public of Tomorrow, identified demographic changes which suggested reasons why the Herald might be in decline. The new paper was intended to add a readership of 'social radicals' to the Herald's 'political radicals'. Launch... | Who ordered research on the Herald? | Who ordered research on the Herald? | [
"Who ordered research on the Herald?"
] | {
"text": [
"Cecil King from Mark Abrams of Sussex University"
],
"answer_start": [
25
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114163 | 57267bc45951b619008f743e | The_Sun_(United_Kingdom) | Research commissioned by Cecil King from Mark Abrams of Sussex University, The Newspaper Reading Public of Tomorrow, identified demographic changes which suggested reasons why the Herald might be in decline. The new paper was intended to add a readership of 'social radicals' to the Herald's 'political radicals'. Launch... | What was named as a potential reason for the Herald's decline? | What was named as a potential reason for the Herald's decline? | [
"What was named as a potential reason for the Herald's decline?"
] | {
"text": [
"demographic changes"
],
"answer_start": [
128
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114164 | 57267bc45951b619008f743f | The_Sun_(United_Kingdom) | Research commissioned by Cecil King from Mark Abrams of Sussex University, The Newspaper Reading Public of Tomorrow, identified demographic changes which suggested reasons why the Herald might be in decline. The new paper was intended to add a readership of 'social radicals' to the Herald's 'political radicals'. Launch... | What type of people was the new paper supposed to attract? | What type of people was the new paper supposed to attract? | [
"What type of people was the new paper supposed to attract?"
] | {
"text": [
"'social radicals'"
],
"answer_start": [
258
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114165 | 57267bc45951b619008f7440 | The_Sun_(United_Kingdom) | Research commissioned by Cecil King from Mark Abrams of Sussex University, The Newspaper Reading Public of Tomorrow, identified demographic changes which suggested reasons why the Herald might be in decline. The new paper was intended to add a readership of 'social radicals' to the Herald's 'political radicals'. Launch... | What was the advertising budget of the new paper? | What was the advertising budget of the new paper? | [
"What was the advertising budget of the new paper?"
] | {
"text": [
"£400,000"
],
"answer_start": [
353
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114166 | 57267bc45951b619008f7441 | The_Sun_(United_Kingdom) | Research commissioned by Cecil King from Mark Abrams of Sussex University, The Newspaper Reading Public of Tomorrow, identified demographic changes which suggested reasons why the Herald might be in decline. The new paper was intended to add a readership of 'social radicals' to the Herald's 'political radicals'. Launch... | What was the number of papers in the first print run of the Times? | What was the number of papers in the first print run of the Times? | [
"What was the number of papers in the first print run of the Times?"
] | {
"text": [
"3.5 million"
],
"answer_start": [
469
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114167 | 57267c915951b619008f745f | The_Sun_(United_Kingdom) | Seizing the opportunity to increase his presence on Fleet Street, he made an agreement with the print unions, promising fewer redundancies if he acquired the newspaper. He assured IPC that he would publish a "straightforward, honest newspaper" which would continue to support Labour. IPC, under pressure from the unions,... | What did the prospective owner of the paper promise? | What did the prospective owner of the paper promise? | [
"What did the prospective owner of the paper promise?"
] | {
"text": [
"fewer redundancies"
],
"answer_start": [
120
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114168 | 57267c915951b619008f7460 | The_Sun_(United_Kingdom) | Seizing the opportunity to increase his presence on Fleet Street, he made an agreement with the print unions, promising fewer redundancies if he acquired the newspaper. He assured IPC that he would publish a "straightforward, honest newspaper" which would continue to support Labour. IPC, under pressure from the unions,... | How did the prospective publisher describe the newspaper he would produce? | How did the prospective publisher describe the newspaper he would produce? | [
"How did the prospective publisher describe the newspaper he would produce?"
] | {
"text": [
"a \"straightforward, honest newspaper\""
],
"answer_start": [
206
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114169 | 57267c915951b619008f7461 | The_Sun_(United_Kingdom) | Seizing the opportunity to increase his presence on Fleet Street, he made an agreement with the print unions, promising fewer redundancies if he acquired the newspaper. He assured IPC that he would publish a "straightforward, honest newspaper" which would continue to support Labour. IPC, under pressure from the unions,... | Which party would the newspaper endorse? | Which party would the newspaper endorse? | [
"Which party would the newspaper endorse?"
] | {
"text": [
"Labour"
],
"answer_start": [
276
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114170 | 57267c915951b619008f7462 | The_Sun_(United_Kingdom) | Seizing the opportunity to increase his presence on Fleet Street, he made an agreement with the print unions, promising fewer redundancies if he acquired the newspaper. He assured IPC that he would publish a "straightforward, honest newspaper" which would continue to support Labour. IPC, under pressure from the unions,... | What was the price paid for the newspaper? | What was the price paid for the newspaper? | [
"What was the price paid for the newspaper?"
] | {
"text": [
"£800,000"
],
"answer_start": [
380
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114171 | 57267c915951b619008f7463 | The_Sun_(United_Kingdom) | Seizing the opportunity to increase his presence on Fleet Street, he made an agreement with the print unions, promising fewer redundancies if he acquired the newspaper. He assured IPC that he would publish a "straightforward, honest newspaper" which would continue to support Labour. IPC, under pressure from the unions,... | Whose offer to buy the paper was turned down? | Whose offer to buy the paper was turned down? | [
"Whose offer to buy the paper was turned down?"
] | {
"text": [
"Maxwell's offer"
],
"answer_start": [
330
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114172 | 57267d66f1498d1400e8e180 | The_Sun_(United_Kingdom) | Murdoch found he had such a rapport with Larry Lamb over lunch that other potential recruits as editor were not interviewed and Lamb was appointed as the first editor of the new Sun. He was scathing in his opinion of the Mirror, where he had recently been employed as a senior sub-editor, and shared Murdoch's view that ... | What position did Larry Lamb take with the Sun? | What position did Larry Lamb take with the Sun? | [
"What position did Larry Lamb take with the Sun?"
] | {
"text": [
"editor"
],
"answer_start": [
160
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114173 | 57267d66f1498d1400e8e181 | The_Sun_(United_Kingdom) | Murdoch found he had such a rapport with Larry Lamb over lunch that other potential recruits as editor were not interviewed and Lamb was appointed as the first editor of the new Sun. He was scathing in his opinion of the Mirror, where he had recently been employed as a senior sub-editor, and shared Murdoch's view that ... | What type of view did Lamb have of the Mirror? | What type of view did Lamb have of the Mirror? | [
"What type of view did Lamb have of the Mirror?"
] | {
"text": [
"scathing"
],
"answer_start": [
190
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114174 | 57267d66f1498d1400e8e182 | The_Sun_(United_Kingdom) | Murdoch found he had such a rapport with Larry Lamb over lunch that other potential recruits as editor were not interviewed and Lamb was appointed as the first editor of the new Sun. He was scathing in his opinion of the Mirror, where he had recently been employed as a senior sub-editor, and shared Murdoch's view that ... | What did Lamb and Murdoch believe to be the best indicator of newspaper quality? | What did Lamb and Murdoch believe to be the best indicator of newspaper quality? | [
"What did Lamb and Murdoch believe to be the best indicator of newspaper quality?"
] | {
"text": [
"its sales"
],
"answer_start": [
359
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114175 | 57267d66f1498d1400e8e183 | The_Sun_(United_Kingdom) | Murdoch found he had such a rapport with Larry Lamb over lunch that other potential recruits as editor were not interviewed and Lamb was appointed as the first editor of the new Sun. He was scathing in his opinion of the Mirror, where he had recently been employed as a senior sub-editor, and shared Murdoch's view that ... | What position did Lamb formerly hold at the Mirror? | What position did Lamb formerly hold at the Mirror? | [
"What position did Lamb formerly hold at the Mirror?"
] | {
"text": [
"senior sub-editor"
],
"answer_start": [
270
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114176 | 57267d66f1498d1400e8e184 | The_Sun_(United_Kingdom) | Murdoch found he had such a rapport with Larry Lamb over lunch that other potential recruits as editor were not interviewed and Lamb was appointed as the first editor of the new Sun. He was scathing in his opinion of the Mirror, where he had recently been employed as a senior sub-editor, and shared Murdoch's view that ... | How many reporters did Lamb hire for the Mirror's initial staff? | How many reporters did Lamb hire for the Mirror's initial staff? | [
"How many reporters did Lamb hire for the Mirror's initial staff?"
] | {
"text": [
"about 125"
],
"answer_start": [
492
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114177 | 57267eb8708984140094c7f3 | The_Sun_(United_Kingdom) | Sex was used as an important element in the content and marketing the paper from the start, which Lamb believed was the most important part of his readers' lives. The first topless Page 3 model appeared on 17 November 1970, German-born Stephanie Rahn; she was tagged as a "Birthday Suit Girl" to mark the first anniversa... | What did Lamb employ as an important theme from the beginning of the paper? | What did Lamb employ as an important theme from the beginning of the paper? | [
"What did Lamb employ as an important theme from the beginning of the paper?"
] | {
"text": [
"Sex"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114178 | 57267eb8708984140094c7f4 | The_Sun_(United_Kingdom) | Sex was used as an important element in the content and marketing the paper from the start, which Lamb believed was the most important part of his readers' lives. The first topless Page 3 model appeared on 17 November 1970, German-born Stephanie Rahn; she was tagged as a "Birthday Suit Girl" to mark the first anniversa... | When did the first Page 3 model appear topless? | When did the first Page 3 model appear topless? | [
"When did the first Page 3 model appear topless?"
] | {
"text": [
"17 November 1970"
],
"answer_start": [
206
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114179 | 57267eb8708984140094c7f5 | The_Sun_(United_Kingdom) | Sex was used as an important element in the content and marketing the paper from the start, which Lamb believed was the most important part of his readers' lives. The first topless Page 3 model appeared on 17 November 1970, German-born Stephanie Rahn; she was tagged as a "Birthday Suit Girl" to mark the first anniversa... | Who was the first Page 3 topless model? | Who was the first Page 3 topless model? | [
"Who was the first Page 3 topless model?"
] | {
"text": [
"Stephanie Rahn"
],
"answer_start": [
236
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114180 | 57267eb8708984140094c7f6 | The_Sun_(United_Kingdom) | Sex was used as an important element in the content and marketing the paper from the start, which Lamb believed was the most important part of his readers' lives. The first topless Page 3 model appeared on 17 November 1970, German-born Stephanie Rahn; she was tagged as a "Birthday Suit Girl" to mark the first anniversa... | Who was the first to prohibit the paper from being in its library? | Who was the first to prohibit the paper from being in its library? | [
"Who was the first to prohibit the paper from being in its library?"
] | {
"text": [
"A Conservative council in Sowerby Bridge, Yorkshire"
],
"answer_start": [
625
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114181 | 57267eb8708984140094c7f7 | The_Sun_(United_Kingdom) | Sex was used as an important element in the content and marketing the paper from the start, which Lamb believed was the most important part of his readers' lives. The first topless Page 3 model appeared on 17 November 1970, German-born Stephanie Rahn; she was tagged as a "Birthday Suit Girl" to mark the first anniversa... | When was the library ban reversed? | When was the library ban reversed? | [
"When was the library ban reversed?"
] | {
"text": [
"1971"
],
"answer_start": [
944
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114182 | 57267fbff1498d1400e8e1d4 | The_Sun_(United_Kingdom) | Politically, The Sun in the early Murdoch years, remained nominally Labour. It supported the Labour Party led by Harold Wilson in the 1970 General Election, with the headline "Why It Must Be Labour" but by February 1974 it was calling for a vote for the Conservative Party led by Edward Heath while suggesting that it mi... | What were the Sun's political leanings early on under Murdoch? | What were the Sun's political leanings early on under Murdoch? | [
"What were the Sun's political leanings early on under Murdoch?"
] | {
"text": [
"nominally Labour"
],
"answer_start": [
58
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114183 | 57267fbff1498d1400e8e1d5 | The_Sun_(United_Kingdom) | Politically, The Sun in the early Murdoch years, remained nominally Labour. It supported the Labour Party led by Harold Wilson in the 1970 General Election, with the headline "Why It Must Be Labour" but by February 1974 it was calling for a vote for the Conservative Party led by Edward Heath while suggesting that it mi... | Who led the Labour Party in the 1970 General Election? | Who led the Labour Party in the 1970 General Election? | [
"Who led the Labour Party in the 1970 General Election?"
] | {
"text": [
"Harold Wilson"
],
"answer_start": [
113
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114184 | 57267fbff1498d1400e8e1d6 | The_Sun_(United_Kingdom) | Politically, The Sun in the early Murdoch years, remained nominally Labour. It supported the Labour Party led by Harold Wilson in the 1970 General Election, with the headline "Why It Must Be Labour" but by February 1974 it was calling for a vote for the Conservative Party led by Edward Heath while suggesting that it mi... | Who did the Sun support in 1974? | Who did the Sun support in 1974? | [
"Who did the Sun support in 1974?"
] | {
"text": [
"Edward Heath"
],
"answer_start": [
280
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114185 | 57267fbff1498d1400e8e1d7 | The_Sun_(United_Kingdom) | Politically, The Sun in the early Murdoch years, remained nominally Labour. It supported the Labour Party led by Harold Wilson in the 1970 General Election, with the headline "Why It Must Be Labour" but by February 1974 it was calling for a vote for the Conservative Party led by Edward Heath while suggesting that it mi... | Who would the Sun consider supporting from the Labour Party in 1974? | Who would the Sun consider supporting from the Labour Party in 1974? | [
"Who would the Sun consider supporting from the Labour Party in 1974?"
] | {
"text": [
"James Callaghan or Roy Jenkins"
],
"answer_start": [
354
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114186 | 57267fbff1498d1400e8e1d8 | The_Sun_(United_Kingdom) | Politically, The Sun in the early Murdoch years, remained nominally Labour. It supported the Labour Party led by Harold Wilson in the 1970 General Election, with the headline "Why It Must Be Labour" but by February 1974 it was calling for a vote for the Conservative Party led by Edward Heath while suggesting that it mi... | What type of politician did a Sun editorial state that it would support in October 1974? | What type of politician did a Sun editorial state that it would support in October 1974? | [
"What type of politician did a Sun editorial state that it would support in October 1974?"
] | {
"text": [
"any able politician who would describe himself as a Social Democrat"
],
"answer_start": [
501
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114187 | 5726808c708984140094c833 | The_Sun_(United_Kingdom) | The editor, Larry Lamb, was originally from a Labour background, with a socialist upbringing while his temporary replacement Bernard Shrimsley (1972–75) was a middle-class uncommitted Conservative. An extensive advertising campaign on the ITV network in this period, voiced by actor Christopher Timothy, may have helped ... | Who temporarily replaced Larry Lamb? | Who temporarily replaced Larry Lamb? | [
"Who temporarily replaced Larry Lamb?"
] | {
"text": [
"Bernard Shrimsley"
],
"answer_start": [
125
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114188 | 5726808c708984140094c834 | The_Sun_(United_Kingdom) | The editor, Larry Lamb, was originally from a Labour background, with a socialist upbringing while his temporary replacement Bernard Shrimsley (1972–75) was a middle-class uncommitted Conservative. An extensive advertising campaign on the ITV network in this period, voiced by actor Christopher Timothy, may have helped ... | What was Shrimsley's political background? | What was Shrimsley's political background? | [
"What was Shrimsley's political background?"
] | {
"text": [
"middle-class uncommitted Conservative."
],
"answer_start": [
159
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114189 | 5726808c708984140094c835 | The_Sun_(United_Kingdom) | The editor, Larry Lamb, was originally from a Labour background, with a socialist upbringing while his temporary replacement Bernard Shrimsley (1972–75) was a middle-class uncommitted Conservative. An extensive advertising campaign on the ITV network in this period, voiced by actor Christopher Timothy, may have helped ... | Who lent his voice to a campaign that aided The Sun in passing the Daily Mirror in 1978? | Who lent his voice to a campaign that aided The Sun in passing the Daily Mirror in 1978? | [
"Who lent his voice to a campaign that aided The Sun in passing the Daily Mirror in 1978?"
] | {
"text": [
"Christopher Timothy"
],
"answer_start": [
283
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114190 | 5726808c708984140094c836 | The_Sun_(United_Kingdom) | The editor, Larry Lamb, was originally from a Labour background, with a socialist upbringing while his temporary replacement Bernard Shrimsley (1972–75) was a middle-class uncommitted Conservative. An extensive advertising campaign on the ITV network in this period, voiced by actor Christopher Timothy, may have helped ... | Where did Murdoch begin expanding? | Where did Murdoch begin expanding? | [
"Where did Murdoch begin expanding?"
] | {
"text": [
"United States"
],
"answer_start": [
562
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114191 | 5726808c708984140094c837 | The_Sun_(United_Kingdom) | The editor, Larry Lamb, was originally from a Labour background, with a socialist upbringing while his temporary replacement Bernard Shrimsley (1972–75) was a middle-class uncommitted Conservative. An extensive advertising campaign on the ITV network in this period, voiced by actor Christopher Timothy, may have helped ... | When did Murdoch begin expanding into the U.S? | When did Murdoch begin expanding into the U.S? | [
"When did Murdoch begin expanding into the U.S?"
] | {
"text": [
"1973"
],
"answer_start": [
581
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114192 | 57268173708984140094c853 | The_Sun_(United_Kingdom) | The Daily Star had been launched in 1978 by Express Newspaper, and by 1981 had begun to affect sales of The Sun. Bingo was introduced as a marketing tool and a 2p drop in cover price removed the Daily Star's competitive advantage opening a new circulation battle which resulted in The Sun neutralising the threat of the ... | What newspaper was founded by Express Newspaper? | What newspaper was founded by Express Newspaper? | [
"What newspaper was founded by Express Newspaper?"
] | {
"text": [
"The Daily Star"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114193 | 57268173708984140094c854 | The_Sun_(United_Kingdom) | The Daily Star had been launched in 1978 by Express Newspaper, and by 1981 had begun to affect sales of The Sun. Bingo was introduced as a marketing tool and a 2p drop in cover price removed the Daily Star's competitive advantage opening a new circulation battle which resulted in The Sun neutralising the threat of the ... | By what year had The Daily Star started impacting The Sun's sales? | By what year had The Daily Star started impacting The Sun's sales? | [
"By what year had The Daily Star started impacting The Sun's sales?"
] | {
"text": [
"1981"
],
"answer_start": [
70
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114194 | 57268173708984140094c855 | The_Sun_(United_Kingdom) | The Daily Star had been launched in 1978 by Express Newspaper, and by 1981 had begun to affect sales of The Sun. Bingo was introduced as a marketing tool and a 2p drop in cover price removed the Daily Star's competitive advantage opening a new circulation battle which resulted in The Sun neutralising the threat of the ... | What helped the Sun overcome the Daily Star's challenge? | What helped the Sun overcome the Daily Star's challenge? | [
"What helped the Sun overcome the Daily Star's challenge?"
] | {
"text": [
"Bingo was introduced as a marketing tool and a 2p drop in cover price"
],
"answer_start": [
113
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114195 | 57268173708984140094c856 | The_Sun_(United_Kingdom) | The Daily Star had been launched in 1978 by Express Newspaper, and by 1981 had begun to affect sales of The Sun. Bingo was introduced as a marketing tool and a 2p drop in cover price removed the Daily Star's competitive advantage opening a new circulation battle which resulted in The Sun neutralising the threat of the ... | Who became editor of the Sun in 1981? | Who became editor of the Sun in 1981? | [
"Who became editor of the Sun in 1981?"
] | {
"text": [
"Kelvin MacKenzie"
],
"answer_start": [
358
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114196 | 57268173708984140094c857 | The_Sun_(United_Kingdom) | The Daily Star had been launched in 1978 by Express Newspaper, and by 1981 had begun to affect sales of The Sun. Bingo was introduced as a marketing tool and a 2p drop in cover price removed the Daily Star's competitive advantage opening a new circulation battle which resulted in The Sun neutralising the threat of the ... | What impact was Mackenzie said to have? | What impact was Mackenzie said to have? | [
"What impact was Mackenzie said to have?"
] | {
"text": [
"changed the British tabloid concept more profoundly than [Larry] Lamb did\""
],
"answer_start": [
437
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114197 | 57268242dd62a815002e87ac | The_Sun_(United_Kingdom) | On 1 May, The Sun claimed to have 'sponsored' a British missile. Under the headline "Stick This Up Your Junta: A Sun missile for Galtieri’s gauchos", the newspaper published a photograph of a missile, (actually a Polaris missile stock shot from the Ministry of Defence) which had a large Sun logo printed on its side wit... | What did The Sun state that had it taken sponsorship of? | What did The Sun state that had it taken sponsorship of? | [
"What did The Sun state that had it taken sponsorship of?"
] | {
"text": [
"a British missile"
],
"answer_start": [
46
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114198 | 57268242dd62a815002e87ad | The_Sun_(United_Kingdom) | On 1 May, The Sun claimed to have 'sponsored' a British missile. Under the headline "Stick This Up Your Junta: A Sun missile for Galtieri’s gauchos", the newspaper published a photograph of a missile, (actually a Polaris missile stock shot from the Ministry of Defence) which had a large Sun logo printed on its side wit... | What did the wording on the side of The Sun missile state? | What did the wording on the side of The Sun missile state? | [
"What did the wording on the side of The Sun missile state?"
] | {
"text": [
"\"Here It Comes, Senors...\""
],
"answer_start": [
334
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114199 | 57268242dd62a815002e87ae | The_Sun_(United_Kingdom) | On 1 May, The Sun claimed to have 'sponsored' a British missile. Under the headline "Stick This Up Your Junta: A Sun missile for Galtieri’s gauchos", the newspaper published a photograph of a missile, (actually a Polaris missile stock shot from the Ministry of Defence) which had a large Sun logo printed on its side wit... | Who did The Sun state that the missile would be used against? | Who did The Sun state that the missile would be used against? | [
"Who did The Sun state that the missile would be used against?"
] | {
"text": [
"Argentinian forces"
],
"answer_start": [
608
]
} |
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